Photovoltaic systems, electronic and electrical equipment and vehicles

Abstract

The application discloses a photovoltaic system, an electronic and electrical equipment and a vehicle, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic systems. The photovoltaic system comprises a photovoltaic cell assembly, at least one shutdown module and a voltage conversion module. The photovoltaic cell assembly comprises a plurality of photovoltaic cells connected in series; the shutdown module is connected between two adjacent photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic cell assembly; and the first end of the voltage conversion module is connected with each shutdown module, and the voltage conversion module is used for controlling the on-off of the shutdown module based on a power supply signal of the shutdown module. The photovoltaic system can control the on-off of the shutdown module through the voltage conversion module to send the power supply signal, and does not need an additional control module, so that the structure is simple, the devices are less, space and cost are saved, the shutdown module switch is rapid, and the efficiency is higher.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic, in particular to a photovoltaic system, and an electronic and electrical equipment and a vehicle. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the related art, the photovoltaic system needs to support the rapid shutdown function at the component level to avoid high direct current voltage in the case of fire fighting and maintenance, and eliminate safety hazards. In the current photovoltaic system, a control module is arranged in the shutdown module to control the series connection and disconnection of the photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic system through the control module. Multiple control modules are required, the system structure is complex, the devices are more, the cost is higher, and the working efficiency is lower. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present application is to provide a photovoltaic system which can control the on-off of the shutdown module through the voltage conversion module to send a power supply signal, without the need for an additional control module, with a simple structure, fewer devices, saving space and cost, rapid switching of the shutdown module, and higher efficiency.

[0004] A second object of the present application is to provide an electronic and electrical equipment.

[0005] A third object of the present application is to provide a vehicle.

[0006] To solve the above problems, the first aspect of the present application provides a photovoltaic system, comprising: a photovoltaic cell assembly, the photovoltaic cell assembly comprising a plurality of series-connected photovoltaic cells; at least one shutdown module, the shutdown module being connected between two adjacent photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic cell assembly; a voltage conversion module, the first end of the voltage conversion module being connected with each shutdown module, the voltage conversion module being used to control the on-off of the shutdown module based on a power supply signal to the shutdown module.

[0007] The photovoltaic system according to the embodiment of the present application can quickly control the shutdown module to close through the voltage conversion module to send a power supply signal when the plurality of series-connected photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic cell assembly can work normally, and the voltage conversion module stops sending the power supply signal when a fault occurs in the plurality of series-connected photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic cell assembly or maintenance is required, and the shutdown module is disconnected, thereby eliminating safety hazards. The voltage conversion module controls the on-off of the shutdown module by sending a power supply signal, without the need for an additional control module, with a simple structure, fewer devices, saving space and cost, rapid switching of the shutdown module, and higher efficiency.

[0008] In some embodiments, the second end of the voltage conversion module is connected with an output end of the photovoltaic cell assembly, and the output end of the photovoltaic cell assembly is further provided with the shutoff module, the shutoff module being connected with the first end of the voltage conversion module to be on or off based on the power supply signal.

[0009] In some embodiments, the third end of the voltage conversion module is adapted to be connected with an energy storage battery, and the voltage conversion module is further used to convert the electrical energy signal output by the photovoltaic cell assembly into an electrical energy signal required for charging the energy storage battery in the on state of the shutoff module.

[0010] In some embodiments, when the photovoltaic system and / or the equipment where the photovoltaic system is located satisfies the charging condition, the first end of the voltage conversion module outputs a power supply signal to each shutoff module to make each shutoff module conductive, or when the photovoltaic system and / or the equipment where the photovoltaic system is located does not satisfy the charging condition, the first end of the voltage conversion module does not output a power supply signal to make each shutoff module in an off state.

[0011] In some embodiments, the shutoff module comprises a switching unit, a first end of the switching unit being connected with a first end of a corresponding target photovoltaic cell, a second end of the switching unit being connected with a second end of an adjacent photovoltaic cell of the target photovoltaic cell or a second end of the voltage conversion module, a control end of the switching unit being connected with the first end of the voltage conversion module, the switching unit being used to control the connection state of the target photovoltaic cell with the adjacent photovoltaic cell or the voltage conversion module.

[0012] In some embodiments, the switching unit comprises a first switch tube, a first end of the first switch tube being connected with a first end of a corresponding photovoltaic cell, a second end of the first switch tube being connected with a second end of an adjacent photovoltaic cell or a second end of the voltage conversion module, a control end of the first switch tube being used to control the first switch tube to be conductive when a conductive voltage signal is input, wherein the conductive voltage signal is obtained based on the power supply signal sent by the voltage conversion module; a second switch tube, a first end of the second switch tube being connected with the first end of the first switch tube, a second end of the second switch tube being connected with the second end of the first switch tube, a control end of the second switch tube being used to control the second switch tube to be conductive when the conductive voltage signal is input.

[0013] In some embodiments, the switch unit further comprises: a first pull-down resistor, a first end of the first pull-down resistor is connected with the control end of the first switch tube, and a second end of the first pull-down resistor is connected with the second end of the first switch tube and the second end of the second switch tube; and a second pull-down resistor, a first end of the second pull-down resistor is connected with the control end of the second switch tube, and a second end of the second pull-down resistor is connected with the second end of the second switch tube and the second end of the first switch tube.

[0014] In some embodiments, the switch unit further comprises: a first Zener diode, a first end of the first Zener diode is connected with the control end of the first switch tube, and a second end of the first Zener diode is connected with the second end of the first switch tube and the second end of the second switch tube; and a second Zener diode, a first end of the second Zener diode is connected with the control end of the second switch tube, and a second end of the second Zener diode is connected with the second end of the second switch tube and the second end of the first switch tube.

[0015] In some embodiments, the shutdown module further comprises: a bypass unit, a first end of the bypass unit is connected with the second end of the switch unit, and a second end of the bypass unit is connected with the second end of the target photovoltaic cell or the second end of the voltage conversion module, and the bypass unit is used to turn on when the switch unit fails in the shutdown module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the bypass unit comprises: a first bypass diode, a first end of the first bypass diode is connected with the second end of the target photovoltaic cell, and a second end of the first bypass diode is connected with the second end of the first switch tube and the second end of the second switch tube, and the first bypass diode is turned on when the switch unit fails.

[0017] In some embodiments, the bypass unit further comprises: an absorption circuit, a first end of the absorption circuit is connected with the first end of the first bypass diode and the second end of the target photovoltaic cell, and a second end of the absorption circuit is connected with the second end of the first bypass diode, and the absorption circuit is used to absorb voltage.

[0018] In some embodiments, the absorption circuit comprises: a first capacitor, a first end of the first capacitor is connected with the second end of the first bypass diode; a first resistor, a first end of the first resistor is connected with a second end of the first capacitor; and a first magnetic bead, a first end of the first magnetic bead is connected with a second end of the first resistor, and a second end of the first magnetic bead is connected with the first end of the first bypass diode and the second end of the target photovoltaic cell.

[0019] In some embodiments, the shutdown module further comprises a conversion unit, a first end of the conversion unit is connected with the first end of the voltage conversion module, a second end of the conversion unit is connected with the control end of the first switch tube and the control end of the second switch tube, and the conversion unit is configured to convert the power supply signal sent by the voltage conversion module into the on voltage of the first switch tube and the second switch tube.

[0020] In some embodiments, the conversion unit comprises a driver, an input end of the driver is connected with the first end of the voltage conversion module to input the power supply signal, the driver is configured to convert the power supply signal into an alternating current signal; a transformer, a primary coil of the transformer is connected with an output end of the driver, the transformer comprises a first secondary coil and a second secondary coil, a second end of the first secondary coil and a first end of the second secondary coil are connected to a common end, the common end is connected with a second end of the first switch tube, a second end of the second switch tube and a first end of the bypass unit, and the transformer is configured to transmit the alternating current signal; and a rectifier circuit, an input end of the rectifier circuit is connected with a first end of the first secondary coil and a second end of the second secondary coil, and an output end of the rectifier circuit is connected with the control end of the first switch tube and the control end of the second switch tube, and the rectifier circuit is configured to convert the alternating current signal into the on voltage.

[0021] In some embodiments, the rectifier circuit comprises a first diode and a second diode, a first end of the first diode is connected with the first end of the first secondary coil, a first end of the second diode is connected with the second end of the second secondary coil, a second end of the first diode and a second end of the second diode are connected to a node, and the node is connected with the control end of the first switch tube and the control end of the second switch tube.

[0022] In some embodiments, the shutdown module is integrated in a junction box of the target photovoltaic cell.

[0023] In some embodiments, the shutdown module further comprises at least one second bypass diode, and the at least one second bypass diode is connected in parallel with the target photovoltaic cell.

[0024] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic system further comprises a light detection module, an output end of the light detection module is connected with the voltage conversion module, and the light detection module is configured to output a wake-up signal to the voltage conversion module to wake up the voltage conversion module when light reaches a light threshold.

[0025] In some embodiments, the light detection module comprises a first detection end and a second detection end, the first detection end is connected with a first end of a terminal photovoltaic cell of the photovoltaic cell assembly, the second detection end is connected with a second end of the terminal photovoltaic cell, the light detection module is used to determine that the light reaches the light threshold when an output voltage of the terminal photovoltaic cell reaches a voltage threshold; wherein the terminal photovoltaic cell is a photovoltaic cell at one end of the photovoltaic cell assembly which is not connected with the second end of the voltage conversion module.

[0026] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic system and / or the device in which the photovoltaic system is located not satisfying the charging condition comprises at least one of a failure of an energy storage battery connected with the voltage conversion module, a failure of the voltage conversion module itself, and a failure of the device in which the photovoltaic system is located.

[0027] In some embodiments, the photovoltaic system further comprises a relay switch arranged on a connection line between the second end of the voltage conversion module and an output end of the photovoltaic cell assembly, a power supply end of the relay switch is connected with the voltage conversion module, and the relay switch is used to be turned on when the photovoltaic system and / or the device in which the photovoltaic system is located satisfies the charging condition.

[0028] The second aspect of the embodiments of the present application provides an electronic and electrical device, which comprises the photovoltaic system in the above embodiments.

[0029] According to the electronic and electrical device of the embodiments of the present application, the photovoltaic system comprises a photovoltaic cell assembly, when all the photovoltaic cells connected in series in the photovoltaic cell assembly can normally work, the voltage conversion module is used to send a power supply signal to quickly control the closing of the shutdown module, when a failure occurs in the photovoltaic cell assembly or the photovoltaic cell assembly needs to be maintained, the voltage conversion module stops sending the power supply signal, the shutdown module is opened, and the safety hazard is eliminated, the voltage conversion module sends the power supply signal to control the on-off of the shutdown module, no additional control module is needed, the structure is simple, the devices are less, the space and cost are saved, and the shutdown module switch is fast and the efficiency is higher.

[0030] In some embodiments, the electronic and electrical device comprises a vehicle, and the voltage conversion module of the photovoltaic system is a vehicle-mounted charger of the vehicle.

[0031] In some embodiments, the electronic and electrical device further comprises a vehicle controller, and the vehicle controller is connected with the vehicle-mounted charger to send vehicle fault information.

[0032] In some embodiments, the electronic and electrical device comprises an inverter circuit module, and the voltage conversion module of the photovoltaic system is the inverter circuit module.

[0033] The third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, the vehicle comprising the photovoltaic system.

[0034] According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present application, the photovoltaic system comprises the photovoltaic cell assembly, when all the photovoltaic cells connected in series in the photovoltaic cell assembly can normally work, the power supply signal is sent by the voltage conversion module to quickly control the closing of the shutdown module, when a fault occurs or maintenance is needed in the photovoltaic cells connected in series in the photovoltaic cell assembly, the voltage conversion module stops sending the power supply signal, the shutdown module is opened, the safety hazard is eliminated, the voltage conversion module sends the power supply signal to control the on-off of the shutdown module, no additional control module is needed, the structure is simple, the devices are less, the space and cost are saved, the switch of the shutdown module is fast, and the efficiency is higher.

[0035] In some embodiments, the vehicle further comprises an on-board charger, which serves as the voltage conversion module in the photovoltaic system.

[0036] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be in part apparent and in part pointed out hereinafter. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0037] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily appreciated from the following description, including the appended drawings, wherein:

[0038] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a shutdown module circuit according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 3 is a structural block diagram of an electronic and electrical equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 4 is a structural block diagram of an electrical equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 5 is a structural block diagram of an electrical equipment according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 6 is a structural block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 7 is a structural block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Reference Signs:

[0046] electronic and electrical equipment 200; vehicle 300;

[0047] Photovoltaic system 100; vehicle controller 201; vehicle charger 202; inverter circuit module 210;

[0048] Photovoltaic cell assembly 110; shutdown module 120; voltage conversion module 130; switch unit 121; first switch tube Q1; second switch tube Q2; first pull-down resistor R1; second pull-down resistor R2; first voltage stabilizing tube D3; second voltage stabilizing tube D5; bypass unit 122; first bypass diode D6; absorption circuit 123; first capacitor C3; first resistor R3; first magnetic bead B3; conversion unit 124; driver U1; transformer T; first secondary coil T1; second secondary coil T2; rectifier circuit 125; first diode D1; second diode D2; second bypass diode (D4, D7, D8); illumination detection module 140; relay switch 150. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and the embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, and the embodiments of the present application are described in detail below.

[0050] In the prior art, electric vehicles and photovoltaic power generation are developing rapidly, and more and more automobile manufacturers have also launched new energy vehicles with photovoltaic power generation. The current industry technology of solar power generation for new energy vehicles mainly includes the following two ways: solar panels are connected in parallel to supply power to low-voltage air conditioning systems and storage batteries to increase comfort, and the other is to supply power to power batteries to increase the cruising range after conversion, but the efficiency is low; the solar panels are connected in series, and the high voltage is converted to supply power to the power battery to increase the cruising range, and this way is more efficient, but due to the existence of high voltage, the photovoltaic power generation system needs to support the rapid shutdown function of the component level to avoid high direct current voltage in the case of fire fighting and maintenance, and to eliminate safety hazards. The existing vehicle-mounted photovoltaic system uses a low-voltage system without a rapid shutdown function, and the rapid shutdown system of the photovoltaic power station is complex, has many devices, and is not suitable for high-voltage shutdown of vehicle-mounted photovoltaic.

[0051] To solve the above problems, the first aspect of the present application provides a photovoltaic system, which can control the on-off of the shutdown module through the voltage conversion module to send a power supply signal, without the need for an additional control module, and has a simple structure, fewer devices, saves space and cost, and the shutdown module switch is fast and has higher efficiency.

[0052] As shown in Figure 1 The photovoltaic system 100 includes a photovoltaic cell assembly 110, at least one shutdown module 120, and a voltage conversion module 130.

[0053] The photovoltaic cell module 110 includes multiple photovoltaic cells connected in series. In some embodiments, the photovoltaic cells are in the form of a solar panel, for example... Figure 1 The PV in the photovoltaic module can be referred to as a photovoltaic panel. Each shutdown module 120 is connected between two adjacent photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic module. For example, in a series-connected photovoltaic module, a shutdown module 120 is set between every two adjacent photovoltaic cells. The shutdown module 120 can control the on / off state of the two adjacent photovoltaic cells. The first end of the voltage conversion module 130 is connected to each shutdown module 120. The voltage conversion module 130 is used to control the on / off state of the shutdown module 120 based on the power supply signal to the shutdown module 120.

[0054] Specifically, the photovoltaic cell module 110 is a circuit unit composed of multiple photovoltaic cells connected in series. It is the core component of the photovoltaic system 100. Through the series design, the photovoltaic cell module 110 can superimpose the weak voltage of a single photovoltaic cell to increase the voltage and form an output voltage that meets the needs of practical applications. When a photovoltaic cell in the photovoltaic cell module 110 fails or when the photovoltaic system 100 needs maintenance, the voltage conversion module 130 controls the shutdown module 120 to quickly disconnect through the power supply signal, so that the photovoltaic cell module 110 stops outputting voltage and ensures the safety of the photovoltaic system 100.

[0055] According to the photovoltaic system of the present invention, when multiple photovoltaic cells connected in series in the photovoltaic module are all working normally, the voltage conversion module sends a power supply signal to quickly control the shutdown module to close. When a fault occurs or maintenance is required in one of the multiple photovoltaic cells connected in series in the photovoltaic module, the voltage conversion module stops sending the power supply signal, and the shutdown module opens, eliminating safety hazards. The voltage conversion module sends a power supply signal to control the on / off of the shutdown module, which does not require an additional control module, has a simple structure, fewer components, saves space and cost, and the shutdown module switches quickly and is more efficient.

[0056] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the second end of the voltage conversion module 130 is connected to the output end of the photovoltaic cell module 110. The second end of the voltage conversion module 130 and the output end of the photovoltaic cell module 110 are also provided with a shutdown module 120. The shutdown module 120 is connected to the first end of the voltage conversion module 130 to switch on and off based on the power supply signal.

[0057] Specifically, the second terminal of the voltage conversion module 130 is connected to the output terminal of the photovoltaic module 110. The output terminal of the photovoltaic module 110 outputs voltage, and the second terminal of the voltage conversion module 130 converts the output voltage of the photovoltaic module 110 to supply power to other devices. A shutdown module 120 is also provided between the second terminal of the voltage conversion module 130 and the output terminal of the photovoltaic module 110. The shutdown module 120 is connected to the first terminal of the voltage conversion module 130 to switch on and off according to the power supply signal. The photovoltaic system 100 determines whether the photovoltaic module 110 meets the power supply conditions. If the power supply conditions are met, the first terminal of the voltage conversion module 130 will output a power supply signal to the shutdown module 120 to make it conduct. In this way, multiple photovoltaic modules are connected to form the photovoltaic module 110, forming a high-voltage power supply. When the power supply conditions are not met, the first terminal of the voltage conversion module 130 stops outputting the power supply signal, and the shutdown module 120 will disconnect due to the power outage, and the photovoltaic module 110 will stop supplying high-voltage power to the outside.

[0058] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the third terminal of the voltage conversion module 130 is adapted to be connected to the energy storage battery. The voltage conversion module 130 is also used to convert the electrical energy signal output by the photovoltaic cell module 110 into the electrical energy signal required for charging the energy storage battery when the off module 120 is in the on state.

[0059] Specifically, the second terminal of the voltage conversion module 130 is connected to the output terminal of the photovoltaic cell module 110, and the third terminal of the voltage conversion module 130 is adapted to be connected to the energy storage battery. The photovoltaic system 100 determines whether the photovoltaic cell module 110 meets the power supply conditions. When the power supply conditions are met, the first terminal of the voltage conversion module 130 outputs a power supply signal to the shutdown module 120 to turn it on. Multiple photovoltaic cell modules are connected in series to form the photovoltaic cell module 110. The output terminal of the photovoltaic cell module 110 supplies high voltage power to the second terminal of the voltage conversion module 130. The voltage conversion module 130 converts the electrical energy signal output by the photovoltaic cell module 110 into the electrical energy signal required for charging the energy storage battery, and charges the energy storage battery through the third terminal of the voltage conversion module 130.

[0060] In some embodiments, when the photovoltaic system 100 and / or the device containing the photovoltaic system 100 meet the charging conditions, the first terminal of the voltage conversion module 130 outputs a power supply signal to each shutdown module 120, so that each shutdown module 120 is turned on; or, when the photovoltaic system 100 and / or the device containing the photovoltaic system 100 do not meet the charging conditions, the first terminal of the voltage conversion module 130 does not output a power supply signal, so that each shutdown module 120 is in an off state.

[0061] Specifically, the switch-off module 120 is connected with the first end of the voltage conversion module 130 to be switched on or off according to the power supply signal; the photovoltaic system 100 judges whether the photovoltaic cell assembly 110 meets the power supply condition, if the power supply condition is met, that is, the photovoltaic system 100 or the device where the photovoltaic system 100 is located meets the charging condition, or both the photovoltaic system 100 and the device where the photovoltaic system 100 is located meet the charging condition, the first end of the voltage conversion module 130 outputs a power supply signal to the switch-off module 120 to make it conduct, so that the plurality of photovoltaic cell assemblies are connected into the photovoltaic cell assembly 110 to form high-voltage power supply; when the power supply condition is not met, that is, the photovoltaic system 100 or the device where the photovoltaic system 100 is located does not meet the charging condition, or both the photovoltaic system 100 and the device where the photovoltaic system 100 is located do not meet the charging condition, the first end of the voltage conversion module 130 stops outputting the power supply signal, and the switch-off module 120 will be disconnected due to power failure, and the photovoltaic cell assembly 110 stops high-voltage power supply to the outside.

[0062] For example, the control multiplexing voltage conversion module 130 of the switch-off module 120 of the present application does not need an additional control module, the implementation of the switch-off module 120 is simple, and does not need to emit and receive devices, so that the device is less, the space and cost are saved.

[0063] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 The switch-off module 120 includes a switch unit 121.

[0064] Specifically, the first end of the switch unit 121 is connected with the first end of the corresponding target photovoltaic cell, the second end of the switch unit 121 is connected with the second end of the adjacent photovoltaic cell of the target photovoltaic cell or the second end of the voltage conversion module 130, and the control end of the switch unit 121 is connected with the first end of the voltage conversion module 130, and the switch unit 121 is used to control the connection state of the target photovoltaic cell and the adjacent photovoltaic cell or the voltage conversion module 130.

[0065] The target photovoltaic cell can be understood as the photovoltaic cell controlled to be switched on or off by the switch unit 121, the control end of the switch unit 121 is connected with the first end of the voltage conversion module 130 to be switched on or off according to the power supply signal, when the switch unit 121 is turned on, the target cell connected with the switch unit 121 is connected into the photovoltaic cell assembly 110 to supply power, and when the switch unit 121 is turned off, the target cell connected with the switch unit 121 is no longer connected into the photovoltaic cell assembly 110, and no longer supplies power to the outside.

[0066] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 The switch unit 121 includes a first switch tube Q1 and a second switch tube Q2.

[0067] Specifically, the first end of the first switch tube Q1 is connected with the first end of the corresponding photovoltaic cell, the second end of the first switch tube Q1 is connected with the second end of the adjacent photovoltaic cell or the second end of the voltage conversion module 130, and the control end of the first switch tube Q1 is used to control the first switch tube Q1 to be turned on when the conduction voltage signal is input, wherein the conduction voltage signal is obtained based on the power supply signal sent by the voltage conversion module 130; the first end of the second switch tube Q2 is connected with the first end of the first switch tube Q1, the second end of the second switch tube Q2 is connected with the second end of the first switch tube Q1, and the control end of the second switch tube Q2 is used to control the second switch tube Q2 to be turned on when the conduction voltage signal is input.

[0068] The switch unit 121 includes the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2, the control end of the switch unit 121 is connected with the first end of the voltage conversion module 130, the photovoltaic system 100 judges whether the photovoltaic cell assembly 110 meets the power supply condition, if the power supply condition is met, the voltage conversion module 130 first end will output a power supply signal to the switch unit 121, at this time, the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 are turned on; when the power supply condition is not met, the voltage conversion module 130 first end stops outputting the power supply signal to the switch unit 121, at this time, the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 are disconnected.

[0069] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the switch unit 121 further includes a first pull-down resistor R1 and a second pull-down resistor R2. Figure 2

[0070] The first end of the first pull-down resistor R1 is connected with the control end of the first switch tube Q1, and the second end of the first pull-down resistor R1 is connected with the second end of the first switch tube Q1 and the second end of the second switch tube Q2; the first end of the second pull-down resistor R2 is connected with the control end of the second switch tube Q2, and the second end of the second pull-down resistor R2 is connected with the second end of the second switch tube Q2 and the second end of the first switch tube Q1.

[0071] Specifically, the first pull-down resistor R1 and the second pull-down resistor R2 consume electric energy when the voltage conversion module 130 first end stops outputting the power supply signal to the switch unit 121, so that the voltage drops rapidly, and when the voltage is lower than the conduction threshold of the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2, the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 will be disconnected.

[0072] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the switch unit 121 further includes a first pull-down resistor R1 and a second pull-down resistor R2. Figure 2

[0073] ​​In this circuit, the first terminal of the first Zener diode D3 is connected to the control terminal of the first switch Q1, and the second terminal of the first Zener diode D3 is connected to the second terminals of both the first and second switches Q1. Similarly, the first terminal of the second Zener diode D5 is connected to the control terminal of the second switch Q2, and the second terminal of the second Zener diode D5 is connected to the second terminals of both the second and first switches Q1. The first and second Zener diodes D3 and D5 are used to provide a stable voltage and prevent voltage fluctuations from affecting the circuit.

[0074] For example, the drains of the first switching transistor Q1 and the second switching transistor Q2 are connected in parallel to PV+, the sources are connected in parallel to OUT+, and the gates are connected in parallel to the cathodes of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2; the first Zener diode D3 and the first pull-down resistor R1 are connected in parallel between the gate and the source of the first switching transistor Q1, the cathode of the first Zener diode D3 is connected to the gate of the first switching transistor Q1, and the anode is connected to the source of the first switching transistor Q1; the second Zener diode D5 and the second pull-down resistor R2 are connected in parallel between the gate and the source of the second switching transistor Q2, the cathode of the second Zener diode D5 is connected to the gate of the second switching transistor Q2, and the anode is connected to the source of the second switching transistor Q2.

[0075] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the shutdown module 120 also includes a bypass unit 122.

[0076] The first end of the bypass unit 122 is connected to the second end of the switch unit 121, and the second end of the bypass unit 122 is connected to the second end of the target photovoltaic cell or the second end of the voltage conversion module 130. The bypass unit 122 is used to turn on when the switch unit 121 in its respective shutdown module 120 fails.

[0077] Specifically, the bypass unit 122 is a key component in the photovoltaic system 100. It is mainly used to solve the hot spot effect problem when the photovoltaic module (solar panel) is partially shaded or malfunctions, and to enable the bypass unit 122 to conduct when the switching unit 121 in the shutdown module 120 fails. The bypass unit 122 ensures the safety and power generation efficiency of the photovoltaic system 100. When some cells in the photovoltaic module are shaded (such as by shadows or dirt), the shaded cells become a load, consuming the current generated by other normal cells, resulting in local overheating. At this time, the bypass unit 122 is activated, allowing the current to bypass the fault area and ensuring the safe and efficient operation of the photovoltaic system 100.

[0078] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the bypass unit 122 also includes a first bypass diode D6.

[0079] The first end of the first bypass diode D6 is connected with the second end of the target photovoltaic cell, the second end of the first bypass diode D6 is connected with the second end of the first switch tube Q1 and the second end of the second switch tube Q2, and the first bypass diode D6 is turned on when the switching unit 121 fails.

[0080] For example, the anode of the first bypass diode D6 is connected with the output node OUT- of the current stage, and the cathode of the first bypass diode D6 is connected with the positive output node OUT+ of the current stage; the first bypass diode D6 is used to continue to flow when the photovoltaic panel of the current stage is blocked, reduce energy loss, and realize normal series connection of the upper and lower photovoltaic panels.

[0081] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 The bypass unit 122 further includes an absorption circuit 123.

[0082] The first end of the absorption circuit 123 is connected with the first end of the first bypass diode D6 and the second end of the target photovoltaic cell, the second end of the absorption circuit 123 is connected with the second end of the first bypass diode D6, and the absorption circuit 123 is used to absorb voltage.

[0083] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 The absorption circuit 123 includes a first capacitor C3, a first resistor R3 and a first magnetic bead B3.

[0084] Specifically, the first end of the first capacitor C3 is connected with the second end of the first bypass diode D6; the first end of the first resistor R3 is connected with the second end of the first capacitor C3; the first end of the first magnetic bead B3 is connected with the second end of the first resistor R3, and the second end of the first magnetic bead B3 is connected with the first end of the first bypass diode D6 and the second end of the target photovoltaic cell.

[0085] The first magnetic bead B3 in the absorption circuit 123 is mainly used to suppress high-frequency noise and electromagnetic interference, and to ensure stable operation of the absorption circuit 123; the first capacitor C3, the first resistor R3 and the first magnetic bead B3 are connected in series and then connected in parallel between the first bypass diode D6, and the function is to absorb the voltage peak between the first bypass diode D6, reduce the voltage stress of the first bypass diode D6, and prevent the first bypass diode D6 from being voltage breakdown.

[0086] For example, when one or more of the shutdown modules 120 fails (cannot be turned on), the entire photovoltaic system 100 can still work normally to charge the energy storage battery. When one of the shutdown modules 120 fails, it can be connected to other photovoltaic cells through the bypass unit 122, and two parallel switch tubes are used to reduce the current burden of each and the risk of thermal failure, thereby improving the reliability of the shutdown module 120. Even if one of the switch tubes fails (open circuit), the shutdown module 120 can still work, achieving a redundant effect.

[0087] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the shutdown module 120 further includes a conversion unit 124. Figure 2

[0088] The first end of the conversion unit 124 is connected to the first end of the voltage conversion module 130, and the second end of the conversion unit 124 is connected to the control end of the first switch tube Q1 and the control end of the second switch tube Q2. The conversion unit 124 is configured to convert the power supply signal sent by the voltage conversion module 130 into a turn-on voltage of the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2.

[0089] Specifically, the shutdown module 120 is connected to the first end of the voltage conversion module 130 to turn on or off according to the power supply signal. After the voltage conversion module 130 outputs a power supply signal to the shutdown module 120, the conversion unit 124 in the shutdown module 120 converts the power supply signal sent by the voltage conversion module 130 into a turn-on voltage of the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2, so that the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 are turned on.

[0090] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1, the conversion unit 124 includes a driver U1, a transformer T, and a rectifier circuit 125. Figure 2

[0091] The input end of the driver U1 is connected to the first end of the voltage conversion module 130 to input the power supply signal, and the driver U1 is configured to convert the power supply signal into an alternating current signal. The primary coil of the transformer T is connected to the output end of the driver U1. The transformer T includes a first secondary coil T1 and a second secondary coil T2. The second end of the first secondary coil T1 and the first end of the second secondary coil T2 are connected to a common end. The common end is connected to the second end of the first switch tube Q1, the second end of the second switch tube Q2, and the first end of the bypass unit 122. The transformer T is configured to transmit the alternating current signal. The input end of the rectifier circuit 125 is connected to the first end of the first secondary coil T1 and the second end of the second secondary coil T2. The output end of the rectifier circuit 125 is connected to the control end of the first switch tube Q1 and the control end of the second switch tube Q2. The rectifier circuit 125 is configured to convert the alternating current signal into a turn-on voltage.

[0092] ​​Specifically, the switch-off module 120 is connected with the first end of the voltage conversion module 130 to switch on and off according to the power supply signal; after the voltage conversion module 130 outputs a power supply signal to the switch-off module 120, the input end of the driver U1 receives the power supply signal, the driver U1 converts the power supply signal into an alternating current signal and outputs, the alternating current signal output by the driver U1 is transmitted to the rectifier circuit 125 through the transformer T, the rectifier circuit 125 converts the alternating current signal into a conduction voltage and transmits the conduction voltage to the control end of the first switch tube Q1 and the control end of the second switch tube Q2, so that the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 are turned on.

[0093] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 The rectifier circuit 125 includes a first diode D1 and a second diode D2.

[0094] The first end of the first diode D1 is connected with the first end of the first secondary coil T1, the first end of the second diode D2 is connected with the second end of the second secondary coil T2, the second end of the first diode D1 and the second end of the second diode D2 are connected at a node, and the node is connected with the control end of the first switch tube Q1 and the control end of the second switch tube Q2.

[0095] Specifically, the transformer T transmits the alternating current signal to the rectifier circuit 125, and the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are alternately turned on. In the positive half cycle of the alternating current signal, the first diode D1 is turned on, the second diode D2 is cut off, and the current passes through the first diode D1; in the negative half cycle of the alternating current signal, the second diode D2 is turned on, the first diode D1 is cut off, and the current passes through the second diode D2. The rectifier circuit 125 has high transmission efficiency and small output voltage fluctuation.

[0096] In some embodiments, the switch-off module 120 is integrated in the junction box of the target photovoltaic cell.

[0097] Specifically, the switch-off module 120 is integrated in the junction box of each independent photovoltaic cell to control the connection state of the target photovoltaic cell and the photovoltaic system 100. When the target photovoltaic cell fails or the photovoltaic assembly is abnormal, the switch-off module 120 cuts off the connection between the target photovoltaic cell and the photovoltaic system 100, preventing the photovoltaic system 100 from collapsing and the equipment from being damaged.

[0098] In some embodiments, the switch-off module 120 further includes at least one second bypass diode (D4, D7, D8) connected in parallel with the target photovoltaic cell.

[0099] Specifically, at least one second bypass diode (D4, D7, D8) in the existing photovoltaic assembly is welded in the junction box and then connected through a connector and the switch-off module 120; as Figure 2As shown, the application integrates the second bypass diode (D4, D7, D8) in the photovoltaic assembly into the shutdown module 120, saves the connector between the two, saves space and cost, and is more convenient for the arrangement of the vehicle body.

[0100] For example, the second bypass diode D4, D7, D8 is connected in series and then connected in parallel between the target photovoltaic cell PV+ and PV-. The number of diodes needed is different due to the different number of internal cell strings in the photovoltaic panel. The anode and cathode of the second bypass diode D7 are connected to 1 / 3 and 2 / 3 of the internal cell string of the photovoltaic panel, respectively. Figure 2 The internal cell string of the photovoltaic panel in the conventional circuit is divided into three strings.

[0101] The circuit of the shutdown module 120 is shown in Figure 1 , which includes a driver U1, filter beads B1 and B2, a transformer T, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, filter capacitors C1, C2 and C4, second bypass diodes D4, D7 and D8, a first switch tube Q1, a second switch tube Q2, a first voltage stabilizing tube D3, a second voltage stabilizing tube D5, a first pull-down resistor R1, a second pull-down resistor R2, a first capacitor C3, a first resistor R3, and a first magnetic bead B3 for absorbing voltage and used for shutting off the first bypass diode D6.

[0102] The working principle of the shutdown module 120 is as follows: after the voltage conversion module 130 outputs the power supply signal VCC, the VCC and EN pins of the driver U1 are powered, and then the first diode D1 and the second diode D2 are alternately turned on, the energy of the primary side is transmitted to the capacitor C2 through the isolation of the transformer T and the rectification of the first diode D1 and the second diode D2, a stable voltage is generated across the capacitor C2, the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 are driven, and they are turned on; when the voltage conversion module 130 stops outputting the power supply signal VCC, the driver U1 stops working, the transformer T no longer transmits energy to the secondary side, and the voltage across the capacitor C2 is consumed by the first pull-down resistor R1 and the second pull-down resistor R2, causing the voltage across the capacitor C2 to drop rapidly, and when the voltage across the capacitor C2 is lower than the turn-on threshold of the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2, the first switch tube Q1 and the second switch tube Q2 are turned off.

[0103] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 , the photovoltaic system 100 further includes a light detection module 140.

[0104] The output end of the light detection module 140 is connected with the voltage conversion module 130, and is used to output a wake-up signal to the voltage conversion module 130 when the light reaches a light threshold, so as to wake up the voltage conversion module 130.

[0105] Specifically, the light detection module 140 is not limited to detecting only the light of the end photovoltaic panel. The light detection module 140 can be a standalone detection module that detects the overall ambient light, or it can detect the light status of a specific photovoltaic cell. When the light detection module 140 detects that the light reaches the light threshold, it outputs a wake-up signal to the voltage conversion module 130. The voltage conversion module 130 outputs a power supply signal, which turns on the shutdown module 120, and the photovoltaic cell module 110 outputs electrical energy. The light threshold can be understood as the detection value at which the light detection module 140 can send a wake-up signal to the voltage conversion module 130.

[0106] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the illumination detection module 140 includes a first detection end and a second detection end. The first detection end is connected to the first end of the end photovoltaic cell of the photovoltaic cell module 110, and the second detection end is connected to the second end of the end photovoltaic cell. The illumination detection module 140 is used to determine that the illumination has reached the illumination threshold when the output voltage of the end photovoltaic cell reaches the voltage threshold. The end photovoltaic cell is the photovoltaic cell at the end of the photovoltaic cell module 110 that is not connected to the second end of the voltage conversion module 130.

[0107] Specifically, such as Figure 1 As shown, in this invention, the light detection module 140 is connected to both ends of the end photovoltaic cell. The light detection module 140 detects the output voltage of the end photovoltaic cell in real time. When the output voltage of the end photovoltaic cell reaches the voltage threshold, it is determined that the light has reached the light threshold. At this time, the light detection module 140 outputs a wake-up signal to the voltage conversion module 130. The voltage conversion module 130 outputs a power supply signal to turn on the shutdown module 120, and the photovoltaic cell module 110 outputs electrical energy. The voltage threshold can be understood as the voltage value used to determine whether the light has reached the light threshold.

[0108] In some embodiments, the failure of the photovoltaic system 100 and / or the equipment in which the photovoltaic system 100 is located to meet the charging conditions includes at least one of the following: a fault in the energy storage battery connected to the voltage conversion module 130, a fault in the voltage conversion module 130 itself, and a fault in the equipment in which the photovoltaic system 100 is located.

[0109] Specifically, to ensure the safety of the photovoltaic system 100 and the equipment in which the photovoltaic system 100 is located, the shutdown module 120 will immediately disconnect when at least one of the following faults is met: a fault in the energy storage battery, a fault in the voltage conversion module 130 itself, or a fault in the equipment in which the photovoltaic system 100 is located, thus ensuring the safety of the photovoltaic system 100.

[0110] In some embodiments, such as Figure 1 As shown, the photovoltaic system 100 also includes a relay switch 150.

[0111] Specifically, the relay switch 150 is arranged on a connection line between a second end of the voltage conversion module 130 and an output end of the photovoltaic cell assembly 110, a power supply end of the relay switch 150 is connected with the voltage conversion module 130, and the relay switch 150 is used to be turned on when the photovoltaic system 100 and / or a device where the photovoltaic system 100 is located meets a charging condition.

[0112] For example, the photovoltaic system 100 can be used in a vehicle to charge a storage battery of the vehicle. As shown in FIG. 1, the photovoltaic system 100 includes a voltage conversion module 130, an off module 120, an illumination detection module 140, a relay switch 150, a storage battery, a photovoltaic cell assembly 110, and a vehicle controller. Figure 3

[0113] When there is no illumination or the illumination is weak, the photovoltaic cell assembly 110 does not supply power to the outside; when there is no illumination, the terminal photovoltaic cell has no output voltage, the illumination detection module 140 cannot detect the voltage value, and no wake-up signal is output to the voltage conversion module 130, so that the voltage conversion module 130 is in a dormant state; when the illumination is weak, the terminal photovoltaic cell has an output voltage, but the illumination detection module 140 detects that the voltage is less than a starting voltage, so the voltage conversion module 130 cannot be woken up.

[0114] When the illumination is sufficient, the terminal photovoltaic cell has an output voltage, and the illumination detection module 140 detects that the voltage is greater than the starting voltage, so the voltage conversion module 130 is woken up through CAN (Controller Area Network) communication, the voltage conversion module 130 communicates with the vehicle controller and the storage battery, after a series of self-checking is completed, the storage battery sends a charging permission command to the voltage conversion module 130, then the voltage conversion module 130 outputs a power supply signal VCC and a 12VCC to control the off module 120 to be turned on and the relay switch 150 to be attracted, so that all the photovoltaic cell assemblies are connected to form high voltage, and finally the voltage conversion module 130 is used to perform voltage boosting and maximum power point tracking adjustment to charge the storage battery.

[0115] ​When the kinetic energy storage battery fails, the voltage conversion module 130 will send a charge disallowed command to the voltage conversion module 130, and the voltage conversion module 130 will enter a dormant state, and the power supply signals VCC and 12VCC are disconnected to turn off the shutdown module 120 and the relay switch 150, and the high-voltage safety hazard is eliminated; when the voltage conversion module 130 detects its own failure, the voltage conversion module 130 will enter a dormant state, and the power supply signals VCC and 12VCC are disconnected to turn off the shutdown module 120 and the relay switch 150, and the high-voltage safety hazard is eliminated; When the vehicle controller detects a collision signal, it will communicate through CAN to make the voltage conversion module 130 enter a dormant state, and the power supply signals VCC and 12VCC are disconnected to turn off the shutdown module 120 and the relay switch 150; eliminate high-voltage safety hazards.

[0116] The second aspect of the embodiment of the application provides an electronic and electrical equipment, such as Figure 4 As shown in the figure, the electronic and electrical equipment 200 includes a photovoltaic system 100.

[0117] Specifically, the electronic and electrical equipment 200 can be a vehicle, a ship or other equipment that needs to be powered, and the inverter circuit or the vehicle-mounted charger in such equipment is mainly to convert the power grid signal to the energy storage battery, for example, the power battery of the vehicle is charged, and the photovoltaic power generation is used as a supplement to the power grid. The multiplex inverter circuit or the vehicle-mounted charger is used to realize the series connection control of the photovoltaic string, so that the photovoltaic string forms a high voltage, and the power battery of the vehicle is charged.

[0118] According to the electronic and electrical equipment of the embodiment of the application, the photovoltaic system includes a photovoltaic cell assembly, when all the plurality of series-connected photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic cell assembly can work normally, the voltage conversion module sends a power supply signal to quickly control the shutdown module to close, and when a fault occurs or maintenance is needed in the plurality of series-connected photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic cell assembly, the voltage conversion module stops sending the power supply signal, and the shutdown module is opened, thereby eliminating the safety hazard. The voltage conversion module sends a power supply signal to control the on-off of the shutdown module, without the need for an additional control module, the structure is simple, the device is less, the space and cost are saved, the shutdown module switch is fast, and the efficiency is higher.

[0119] In some embodiments, the electronic and electrical equipment includes a vehicle, and the voltage conversion module of the photovoltaic system is a vehicle-mounted charger of the vehicle.

[0120] Specifically, the on-board charger is fixedly installed on the vehicle, and is a device for converting power meeting the public power grid into direct current required by the on-board energy storage device and charging the on-board energy storage device, wherein the on-board charger has a direct current boosting function and a maximum power point tracking function; the maximum power point tracking function is a technology for dynamically adjusting the working point of a photovoltaic system (such as a solar panel) so as to always operate at the maximum power point, thereby maximizing the output power and solving the problem of the influence of environmental factors such as light intensity and temperature on the output characteristics of the photovoltaic cell, and ensuring the maximum system efficiency.

[0121] For example, the photovoltaic system can be used in a vehicle, and the initial state of the shutdown module and the relay switch is off by default, and only when the charging condition is met, the on-board charger controls the shutdown module and the relay switch to be turned on, and the photovoltaic assembly is connected in series to form high voltage; then the on-board charger is boosted and the maximum power point tracking adjustment is performed, and finally the power battery of the vehicle is charged; when the charging condition is not met (insufficient light, power battery / on-board charger failure, vehicle triggering collision signal), the on-board charger controls the shutdown module and the relay switch to be turned off, and the high-voltage safety hazard is eliminated.

[0122] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the electronic and electrical equipment 200 further includes a vehicle controller 201. Figure 5

[0123] The vehicle controller 201 is connected with the on-board charger 202 to send vehicle fault information.

[0124] For example, the present application relates to a kind of on-board photovoltaic high voltage fast shutdown method, and the whole system includes on-board charger, shutdown module, illumination detection module, relay switch, power battery, photovoltaic panel, vehicle controller;Illumination detection module, vehicle controller, power battery and on-board charger comprehensive determination whether meet charging condition, if meet charging condition, on-board charger will output a power supply signal to shutdown module and make it turn on, so that photovoltaic panel is connected in series to form high voltage power supply;When not meet charging condition, on-board charger stops / power supply signal is not output, and shutdown module will be disconnected because of power failure;The present application can effectively ensure the safety of vehicle personnel and maintenance and fire-fighting personnel by realizing photovoltaic high voltage charging and increasing endurance, and the internal circuit of shutdown module is simple, and device is less, reuse on-board charger, and additional control circuit is not needed.

[0125] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 2, the electronic and electrical equipment 200 includes an inverter circuit module 210. Figure 6

[0126] The voltage conversion module of the photovoltaic system is the inverter circuit module 210.

[0127] ​​Specifically, the inverter circuit module is a core component in the inverter, responsible for converting direct current into alternating current. The inverter circuit converts direct current into alternating current by controlling the conduction and turn-off of power semiconductor devices, and can also realize voltage conversion.

[0128] The third aspect of the present application provides a vehicle, such as Figure 7 As shown, the vehicle 300 includes the photovoltaic system 100.

[0129] Specifically, the photovoltaic system 100 is arranged in the vehicle 300, and the photovoltaic system 100 can charge the power battery of the vehicle 300. Photovoltaic power generation is a supplement to the power grid, and both the photovoltaic system 100 and the power grid can charge the power battery of the vehicle 300.

[0130] According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present application, the photovoltaic system includes a photovoltaic cell assembly. When all the plurality of series-connected photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic cell assembly can normally work, the voltage conversion module sends a power supply signal to quickly control the closing of the shutoff module. When a fault occurs or maintenance is needed in the plurality of series-connected photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic cell assembly, the voltage conversion module stops sending the power supply signal, and the shutoff module is opened, thereby eliminating the safety hazard. The voltage conversion module sends the power supply signal to control the on-off of the shutoff module, without the need for an additional control module. The structure is simple, the number of devices is small, space and cost are saved, and the shutoff module switch is fast and efficient.

[0131] In some embodiments, as shown in ​ The vehicle 300 further includes an on-board charger 202.

[0132] The on-board charger 202 serves as the voltage conversion module in the photovoltaic system 100.

[0133] Specifically, the vehicle 300 includes the on-board charger 202, which is equivalent to the voltage conversion module in the photovoltaic system 100. When the charging condition is met, the on-board charger 202 controls the closing of the shutoff module and the relay switch in the photovoltaic system 100, and the photovoltaic assembly is connected in series to form high voltage to charge the power battery of the vehicle 300. When the charging condition is not met, the on-board charger 202 controls the opening of the shutoff module and the relay switch, thereby eliminating the safety hazard of high voltage.

[0134] In the description of the present application, the description of the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "exemplary embodiment", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In the present application, the exemplary description of the above terms does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example.

[0135] While embodiments of the application have been shown and described, it is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary of the principles and application of the present application. Numerous modifications and changes can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the application. The scope of the application is not to be limited by the embodiments shown and described, but only by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic system, characterized in that, include: A photovoltaic cell module, comprising a plurality of photovoltaic cells connected in series; At least one shutdown module is connected between two adjacent photovoltaic cells in the photovoltaic cell module; A voltage conversion module, the first end of which is connected to each of the shutdown modules, the voltage conversion module being used to provide a power supply signal to the shutdown module to control the shutdown module to close or stop sending the power supply signal to the shutdown module to control the shutdown module to open; The shutdown module includes a switching unit and a conversion unit; The conversion unit includes a driver, a transformer, and a rectifier circuit. The input terminal of the driver is connected to the first terminal of the voltage conversion module to input the power supply signal. The driver is used to convert the power supply signal into an AC signal. The transformer is connected to the driver and the switching unit. The transformer is used to transmit the AC signal. The input terminal of the rectifier circuit is connected to the transformer. The output terminal of the rectifier circuit is connected to the switching unit. The rectifier circuit is used to convert the AC signal into the conduction voltage of the switching unit.

2. The photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second end of the voltage conversion module is connected to the output end of the photovoltaic cell module. The second end of the voltage conversion module and the output end of the photovoltaic cell module are also provided with the shutdown module. The shutdown module is connected to the first end of the voltage conversion module to switch on and off based on the power supply signal.

3. The photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The third terminal of the voltage conversion module is adapted to be connected to the energy storage battery. The voltage conversion module is also used to convert the electrical energy signal output by the photovoltaic cell module into the electrical energy signal required for charging the energy storage battery when the off module is on.

4. The photovoltaic system according to any one of claims 1-3, characterized in that, When the photovoltaic system and / or the equipment containing the photovoltaic system meet the charging conditions, the first terminal of the voltage conversion module outputs a power supply signal to each of the shutdown modules to enable each of the shutdown modules to be turned on. Alternatively, when the photovoltaic system and / or the equipment containing the photovoltaic system do not meet the charging conditions, the first terminal of the voltage conversion module does not output a power supply signal to enable each of the shutdown modules to be in an off state.

5. The photovoltaic system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first end of the switching unit is connected to the first end of the corresponding target photovoltaic cell, the second end of the switching unit is connected to the second end of the adjacent photovoltaic cell of the target photovoltaic cell or the second end of the voltage conversion module, and the control end of the switching unit is connected to the first end of the voltage conversion module. The switching unit is used to control the connection state between the target photovoltaic cell and the adjacent photovoltaic cell or the voltage conversion module.

6. The photovoltaic system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The switching unit includes: A first switching transistor, wherein a first end of the first switching transistor is connected to a first end of the corresponding photovoltaic cell, and a second end of the first switching transistor is connected to a second end of the adjacent photovoltaic cell or a second end of the voltage conversion module, and a control terminal of the first switching transistor is used to control the first switching transistor to conduct when an input conduction voltage signal is received, wherein the conduction voltage signal is obtained based on the power supply signal sent by the voltage conversion module; The second switch has a first end connected to the first end of the first switch and a second end connected to the second end of the first switch. The control terminal of the second switch is used to control the second switch to turn on when the conduction voltage signal is input.

7. The photovoltaic system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The switching unit further includes: A first pull-down resistor, the first end of which is connected to the control terminal of the first switching transistor, and the second end of which is connected to the second terminal of the first switching transistor and the second terminal of the second switching transistor. The second pull-down resistor has its first end connected to the control terminal of the second switch, and its second end connected to the second terminal of the second switch and the second terminal of the first switch.

8. The photovoltaic system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The switching unit further includes: The first voltage regulator has a first end connected to the control terminal of the first switching transistor, and a second end connected to the second end of the first switching transistor and the second end of the second switching transistor. The second voltage regulator has its first end connected to the control terminal of the second switching transistor, and its second end connected to the second terminal of the second switching transistor and the second terminal of the first switching transistor.

9. The photovoltaic system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The shutdown module also includes: A bypass unit, wherein the first end of the bypass unit is connected to the second end of the switching unit, and the second end of the bypass unit is connected to the second end of the target photovoltaic cell or the second end of the voltage conversion module, and the bypass unit is used to conduct when the switching unit in the shutdown module fails.

10. The photovoltaic system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The bypass unit includes: A first bypass diode is connected at its first end to the second end of the target photovoltaic cell, and at its second end to the second ends of the first and second switching transistors. The first bypass diode is turned on when the switching unit fails.

11. The photovoltaic system according to claim 10, characterized in that, The bypass unit also includes: An absorption circuit is provided, wherein a first terminal of the absorption circuit is connected to a first terminal of the first bypass diode and a second terminal of the target photovoltaic cell, and a second terminal of the absorption circuit is connected to a second terminal of the first bypass diode. The absorption circuit is used to absorb voltage.

12. The photovoltaic system according to claim 11, characterized in that, The absorption circuit includes: A first capacitor, wherein a first terminal of the first capacitor is connected to a second terminal of the first bypass diode; A first resistor, wherein a first end of the first resistor is connected to a second end of the first capacitor; The first magnetic bead has a first end connected to the second end of the first resistor, and the second end of the first magnetic bead is connected to the first end of the first bypass diode and the second end of the target photovoltaic cell.

13. The photovoltaic system according to claim 9, characterized in that, The transformer includes a primary coil, a first-stage coil, and a second-stage coil. The primary coil is connected to the output terminal of the driver. The second terminal of the first-stage coil and the first terminal of the second-stage coil are connected to a common terminal. The common terminal is connected to the second terminal of the first switching transistor, the second terminal of the second switching transistor, and the first terminal of the bypass unit. The input terminal of the rectifier circuit is connected to the first terminal of the first stage coil and the second terminal of the second stage coil, and the output terminal of the rectifier circuit is connected to the control terminal of the first switch and the control terminal of the second switch.

14. The photovoltaic system according to claim 13, characterized in that, The rectifier circuit includes: A first diode and a second diode, wherein the first end of the first diode is connected to the first end of the first primary coil, the first end of the second diode is connected to the second end of the second secondary coil, the second ends of the first diode and the second diode are connected at a node, and the node is connected to the control terminal of the first switch and the control terminal of the second switch.

15. The photovoltaic system according to any one of claims 5-14, characterized in that, The shutdown module is integrated into the junction box of the target photovoltaic cell.

16. The photovoltaic system according to any one of claims 5-14, characterized in that, The shutdown module also includes at least one second bypass diode, which is connected in parallel with the target photovoltaic cell.

17. The photovoltaic system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The photovoltaic system also includes: A light detection module, the output of which is connected to the voltage conversion module, is used to output a wake-up signal to the voltage conversion module when the light intensity reaches the light threshold, so as to wake up the voltage conversion module.

18. The photovoltaic system according to claim 17, characterized in that, The illumination detection module includes a first detection end and a second detection end. The first detection end is connected to the first end of the end photovoltaic cell of the photovoltaic cell module, and the second detection end is connected to the second end of the end photovoltaic cell. The illumination detection module is used to determine that the illumination has reached the illumination threshold when the output voltage of the end photovoltaic cell reaches the voltage threshold. The terminal photovoltaic cell is the photovoltaic cell at the end of the photovoltaic cell module that is not connected to the second terminal of the voltage conversion module.

19. The photovoltaic system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The failure of the photovoltaic system and / or the equipment containing the photovoltaic system to meet the charging conditions includes at least one of the following: a fault in the energy storage battery connected to the voltage conversion module, a fault in the voltage conversion module itself, and a fault in the equipment containing the photovoltaic system.

20. The photovoltaic system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The photovoltaic system also includes: A relay switch is provided on the connection line between the second terminal of the voltage conversion module and the output terminal of the photovoltaic cell module. The power supply terminal of the relay switch is connected to the voltage conversion module. The relay switch is used to turn on when the photovoltaic system and / or the equipment where the photovoltaic system is located meets the charging conditions.

21. An electronic and electrical device, characterized in that, The electronic and electrical equipment includes the photovoltaic system according to any one of claims 1-20.

22. The electronic and electrical equipment according to claim 21, characterized in that, The electronic and electrical equipment includes a vehicle, and the voltage conversion module of the photovoltaic system is the vehicle's on-board charger.

23. The electronic and electrical equipment according to claim 22, characterized in that, The electronic and electrical equipment also includes a vehicle controller, which is connected to the on-board charger to send vehicle fault information.

24. The electronic and electrical equipment according to claim 21, characterized in that, The electronic and electrical equipment includes an inverter circuit module, and the voltage conversion module of the photovoltaic system includes the inverter circuit module.

25. A vehicle, characterized in that, The vehicle includes the photovoltaic system according to any one of claims 1-20.

26. The vehicle according to claim 25, characterized in that, The vehicle also includes an on-board charger, which serves as a voltage conversion module in the photovoltaic system.

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