Illuminatable laminated glass for a carrier and carrier comprising such a glass

Abstract

The invention relates to an illuminable glazing for a vehicle, comprising:-a partially coloured laminated glazing (100) having a minimum refractive index n2 between a first and a second glass sheet (1, 2) such that n2gt; n0, n0, which is the refractive index of the second glass sheet (2),-a light source (4) coupled to said second glass sheet (2),-light extraction means (6) and, on a plane F4, a refractive index n1lt; and n2 is an optical protective layer (151).

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an illuminable laminated glazing for a vehicle, in particular a vehicle glazing with light-emitting diodes.

[0002] Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) have been used for many years to illuminate the signal devices (such as traffic lights) of motor vehicles, turn signals or position lights. The advantages of the diodes are their long service life, their luminous efficiency, their reliability, their low energy consumption and their compactness, so that the devices using them are even more durable and require less maintenance.

[0003] Recently, light-emitting diodes have been used on the roof of motor vehicles, in particular panoramic laminated roofs illuminated by light-emitting diodes, as described in document WO2010049638. The light emitted by the diodes is introduced into an inner glazing forming a guide via an edge face, and the light is extracted from this glazing through a scattering layer on the glazing, the surface of the scattering layer defining a lighting design, such as a flat enamel containing dielectric scattering particles.

[0004] It is also possible to improve the light rendering in an illuminated roof or more generally in an illuminated glazing, in particular by improving the perception of the lighting design.

[0005] To this end, the present invention relates to an illuminable (or light-emitting) laminated glazing for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle (car, truck, public transport: bus, coach, etc.) or a rail vehicle (train, subway, tram), preferably curved, preferably a roof or even a side window (including a rear window), (rear) door window, windshield, or even a rear window, which comprises:

[0006] - a first transparent (curved) mineral glass sheet, optionally colored (body-colored), in particular grey or green, the first (transparent) glass sheet having a first main outer face called face F1, a second main inner face called face F2 (bare or coated with a functional - transparent - coating, in particular at most 200 nm, generally in the visible light range (at a reference wavelength particularly selected from 550 nm to 600 nm, for example 550 nm, the reference wavelength preferably being within the spectrum of the light source to be installed or already installed) having a refractive index nv of at least 1.5 and even at most 1.6 or 1.55,

[0007] - A second transparent (curved) sheet made of glass, preferably mineral or organic glass, in particular clear glass or preferably extra-clear glass, particularly having a thickness of not more than 2.1 mm, having a third major surface designated as surface F3 and a fourth major surface designated as surface F4 (facing the interior of the vehicle), the second sheet having a refractive index n0 of at least 1.5 and possibly at most 1.6 or 1.55 in the visible light range, particularly at a reference wavelength specifically selected from 550 nm to 600 nm, for example 550 nm, the reference wavelength preferably being within the spectral range of the light source (installed or to be installed).

[0008] - Between surfaces F2 and F3 (and even in contact with preferably the bare surface F3 and / or the bare or coated surface F2), one or more intermediate layers (for example, at most 10, 5, 4, 3, or 2 intermediate layers), which are dielectric, transparent, and have a given refractive index in the visible light range (at the reference wavelength), comprising a polymer laminate sandwich (having one or more sandwiches), in particular, the intermediate layer is a sandwich or mostly a sandwich, preferably having a (lower) sandwich in contact with the bare surface F3 and an (upper) sandwich in contact with the bare or coated surface F2, or having a single sandwich in contact with the bare surface F3 and in contact with the bare or coated surface F2.

[0009] The first sheet is colored and / or in the intermediate layer, the first layer is colored, in particular the first colored sandwich (especially based on PVB), particularly in contact with the bare or coated surface F2.

[0010] When several intermediate layers, sandwiches (especially PVB-based sandwiches) are colored, the first colored layer is the colored layer closest to surface F3.

[0011] n2 is the lowest refractive index in the visible light range among the refractive indices of the intermediate layers (especially sandwiches) between surface F3 and up to and including the first colored layer or, in the absence of a colored intermediate layer, up to surface F2, where n2 < n0, particularly at the reference wavelength, and preferably n2 < n0 for the entire spectral range, and generally n2 < nv (especially if the second sheet is made of inorganic glass).

[0012] The assembled glass according to the invention further preferably comprises a light source (preferably a multi-color light source, having a spectral range of at least 100 nm, particularly a white light source) optically coupled to the second sheet forming the light guide. In particular, the light source (preferably a diode) is peripheral, preferably offset with respect to the transparent glass region. The light source can be detachable, added, sold separately, or sold as a kit. The light source can extend linearly (diode array).

[0013] The assembled glass according to the invention further comprises means for extracting (guided) light, said light being guided in the second sheet (the light extraction means being connected to the second sheet, in optical contact or even in direct contact with face F3 or face F4, or in the second sheet).

[0014] The assembled glass according to the invention further preferably comprises a light source (preferably a multicolor light source), in particular a peripheral light source, preferably offset with respect to the glass, preferably a diode, which is optically coupled to the second sheet forming an optical waveguide. The light source may be removable, added, sold separately or sold as a kit. The light source may extend linearly.

[0015] The assembled glass further comprises means for extracting light, said light being guided in the second sheet (the light extraction means being connected to the first sheet, in optical contact or even in direct contact with face F3 or face F4, or in the second sheet).

[0016] Furthermore, the assembled glass comprises, on face F4, a transparent dielectric insulating optical protection layer having a refractive index n1 in the visible light range, where n1 < n2, in particular at a reference wavelength, and even for the entire spectral range of said light source (in particular a multicolor light source, such as RGB or white light), and having a thickness E1 of at least 100 nm or even at least 200 nm and submillimeter, and preferably at most 100 μm or 50 μm or 5 μm or 1 μm or 500 nm.

[0017] In the roof structures of the prior art, any contamination of face F4 is a cause of light extraction, and thus when the lamp is turned on, since the light bounces off face F4, where it may interact with fingerprints or dust, said contamination is highly visible.

[0018] According to the invention, the optical protection layer isolates face F4 (for example the tin face of float glass) in the open air from any contaminants that may come into contact with it. This optical protection layer makes the optical waveguide insensitive to surface contamination without loss of light extraction efficiency.

[0019] The optical protection layer is effective due to its transparency, dielectric properties and the choice of refractive index n1, which has a reasonable thickness E1. Depending on the available materials and the integration of the optical protection layer, E1 is reduced to a greater or lesser extent, and n2 is approached to a greater or lesser extent.

[0020] In particular, its refractive index n2 and thickness E1 are adjusted to allow only evanescent waves at the incident angle (beyond the critical angle) of the guided mode.

[0021] The optical protective layer is in optical contact with the surface F4, especially on a functional sub-layer (such as a barrier layer, etc.), especially a mineral one, for example up to 120 nm or 100 nm, where in the visible light range, especially at the reference wavelength, the refractive index is greater than n2 (and n1).

[0022] For simplicity, the optical protective layer (especially a coating) can be in direct contact with the surface F4 (deposited directly on the surface F4).

[0023] The optical protective layer (film or coating) can preferably have a light absorption of no more than 3%, even 1%, in the visible light range (at the reference wavelength or even over the entire visible light range).

[0024] The outer edge surface of the optical protective layer can be offset relative to the transparent glass region defined, for example, by the peripheral inner masking layer (forming a peripheral masking frame) between the surfaces F2 and F3, where the optical protective layer extends especially up to 10 cm or up to 3 cm below this inner masking layer (especially enamel, for example black).

[0025] For all refractive indices according to the present invention, and even according to DIN 67507, a reference wavelength of 550 nm can be selected. Preferably, for the entire visible spectral range of the light source, for the entire visible range, the relationship between refractive indices n1 < n2 and n0 > n2 is accurate (true).

[0026] The applicant has determined that the absorption of visible light by the contamination layer is not negligible. However, the absorption of visible light at normal incidence is still low because the light passes through it vertically. The interaction between the radiation and the contamination layer only occurs over the thickness ef of this contamination layer.

[0027] However, when the contamination layer is directly on the surface F4 of the light guide, the situation is different for the light in the guided mode because this guided light can interact with the contamination layer. The rays of the guided mode are "grazing", propagating along the angle of incidence θ, which is, for example, greater than approximately 78° in a configuration with a lower interlayer based on polyvinyl butyral (PVB) and a second sheet of mineral glass.

[0028] Therefore, a large part of the guided light that contacts this contamination layer at a grazing angle can thus be absorbed.

[0029] The guided mode rays thus pass through the contamination layer at a distance corresponding to: ef / cos(θ). The steeper the angle, the lower cos(θ), the greater the distance over which the guided mode rays interact with the contamination layer, and thus the greater the proportion of light absorbed.

[0030] This is why, according to the light injected into the guiding element by the light source, due to the high guide mode absorption of the contamination layer at grazing incidence, as one moves away from the light injection point, there can be a change in the emission zone due to extraction, a color change, a reduction or even an elimination.

[0031] In order to maintain the emission zone, the inventors have thus chosen an optical protection layer which has a lower absorption and thus better preserves the guide mode in terms of its total intensity.

[0032] The optical protection layer is effective due to its transparency, dielectric properties, the choice of the refractive index n1 and a reasonable thickness E1. Depending on the available materials and the integration of the optical protection layer, E1 is reduced to a greater or lesser extent and n2 is approached to a greater or lesser extent.

[0033] In particular, its refractive index n1 and thickness E1 are adjusted to only allow the evanescent wave at the incident angle (beyond the critical angle) of the guide mode.

[0034] The thickness of the coloring material limits the heating inside the passenger compartment. The colored intermediate layer (interlayer or added polymeric coloring film, such as a first coloring layer, optionally a single layer) preferably extends over almost the entire assembled glass, in particular at least 80% or 90%. Molecular dyes or inorganic pigments can be used to color the intermediate layer (in particular the interlayer or the polymeric film).

[0035] The colored intermediate layer (interlayer, top layer and / or bottom layer, the coloring film, such as a first coloring layer, optionally a single layer) can have a light transmittance of at most 50% or 40% or 30% or 20%, and even at least 5%. Different hues can be chosen which are the same color as the first glass sheet. For example, the first colored glass sheet is green, blue or grey and the first coloring layer, preferably an interlayer (such as PVB), is blue or grey. At least one other intermediate layer, preferably a transparent interlayer (such as transparent PVB), can be added which is closer to face F2 or closer to face F3 than the first coloring layer.

[0036] The present invention makes use of this thickness of the coloring material. In fact, while most of the grazing rays are guided into the second sheet by total internal reflection at the interface with the intermediate layer (such as the lower interlayer), the other less grazing rays propagate through the assembled glass by refraction to reach the coloring material and are quickly absorbed after several bounces (refraction and reflection). They thus quickly disappear on face F4, for example after less than 10 cm from the injection zone.

[0037] In particular, the first glass sheet and / or any colored intermediate layer (PVB or non-adhesive interlayer such as polyethylene terephthalate PET) is sufficiently absorptive (taking into account their absorption coefficient and thickness) such that after bouncing back (refracting from face F3 to face F1, then reflecting on face F1 and refracting back to face F3), the light intensity is reduced by at least 50%. The light intensity can be measured by transmission spectrometry. Typically, for 2mm VG10 glass from the applicant (or for 0.76mm colored PVB with 40% TL), the extinction coefficient k (the imaginary part of the complex refractive index) in the visible light range (especially at a reference wavelength, such as 550nm, and even within the spectral range of the light source) is approximately 10 -8 .

[0038] The colored thickness thus creates an angular filter, which eliminates the need to cope with small grazing angles. In this region close to the injection, the assembled glass can be masked (decorated), for example in favor of a peripheral masking layer as described later).

[0039] The single or multi-layer laminated interlayer is at most 2cm or 1.2cm thick or sub-centimeter, especially at least 0.3mm thick, especially all or part thermoplastic (colored or uncolored), for example having at least one laminated interlayer lower part (colored or uncolored), called the lower interlayer (such as a lamina), which is preferably at least 100μm thick and in adhesive contact with face F3.

[0040] The assembled glass according to the invention is thus colored (i.e., absorbs visible light, especially within the spectral range of the light source) at a given thickness, for example at least 100μm or 300μm:

[0041] - The first sheet is colored (body-colored throughout its thickness);

[0042] - And / or on all or part of the laminated interlayer, preferably in a sub-millimeter colored thickness, for example the upper interlayer between face F2 and the lower interlayer is colored (body-colored) and / or the lower interlayer is colored,

[0043] - And / or a transparent colored (body-colored) polymer film (especially non-adhesive to mineral glass and / or organic glass) (for example having a thickness of at least 30 or 50μm and still better at most 200μm) is inserted between face F2 and the lower interlayer, for example within the laminated interlayer, between the lower interlayer and the upper interlayer.

[0044] For example, this is a thermoplastic film (flexible, bending according to the curvature of the assembled glass), which is: polyester, especially polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), polyethylene naphthalate (PEN), polyimide (PI), polyurethane (PU) or cellulose triacetate (TAC), acrylic, polyolefin, especially polypropylene (PP), polycarbonate (PC) or PMMA, a film (co-extruded) made of PET-PMMA, poly(vinyl chloride) PVC.

[0045] For a polymer film made of PC or PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) is preferably (for greater chemical compatibility) used as the thermoplastic interlayer. Similarly, if a second organic PC or PMMA glass sheet is selected, the preferred thermoplastic interlayer (especially the lower interlayer) is thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU).

[0046] The laminated interlayer (especially the upper interlayer) can have a main face FA that is adhesively in contact with the bare face F2 or with the functional coating on the face F2. The interlayer (lower interlayer) can have a main face FB (the face FB of the lower interlayer) that is adhesively in contact with the bare face F3.

[0047] Advantageously, the difference n2 - n1 is greater than 0.02 or even 0.05, and / or the difference n2 - n1 is preferably less than 0.3, and even 0.15 or 0.1 (e.g., at 550 nm).

[0048] Unexpectedly, considering angular filtering, it is not necessary to reduce n1 to 1 or as close to 1 as possible, which would greatly limit the material selection. The index n1 can be slightly lower than n2 (especially the index of the interlayer) to isolate all the light propagating in the second sheet.

[0049] If n1 is too close to n2, it is necessary to further increase the thickness E1, which may sometimes be harmful to the mechanical strength of the optical protection layer (appearance of microcracks, etc.).

[0050] It may be desirable to have n1 slightly away from n2 and increase the thickness E1, for example, for the optical protection layer or the liquid organic coating. In the case of a porous layer, such as silica, the required porosity is reduced.

[0051] Preferably, for example, at 550 nm, n1 is greater than or equal to 1.3 or even 1.35 or 1.4 (n2 is especially at least 1.45 or 1.48), and n0 is at least 1.5. E1 is preferably at least 250 nm. In particular, at 550 nm, n2 is about 1.485 (approximately) (and even the lower interlayer is preferably based on PVB), and n0 is at most 1.53.

[0052] In order to characterize the absorption of light in the guided mode by the contamination layer, it is not possible to determine the parameters experimentally because the guided mode only exists in the second sheet.

[0053] Furthermore, the nature of the contamination layer cannot be predicted in advance, so a pessimistic assumption is made that the layer absorbs 100% of the light. Using this system, the applicant has determined a specific optical model that enables the evaluation of guided mode reflection by simulation, in particular a guided mode parameter called Rgm, which is the total amount of light reflected at each reflection at the layered interface. This reflection corresponds to a given angle of incidence (e.g., if a second mineral glass sheet and a lower PVB layer are used, according to Snell-Descartes' law with n0 = 1.52 ± 0.01 and n2 = 1.485 ± 0.05 at 550 nm, it is 80°, above the critical angle of 78°). Strong absorption in the guided mode results in a finite value of Rgm.

[0054] The present inventors have then determined an optical protection layer such that even in the case where there is a layer that absorbs 100% of the light behind it, the latter has a high Rgm parameter, preferably at least 95% or even 97% or even 99%, which indicates very low absorption and thus better preserves the guided mode in terms of its total intensity.

[0055] Therefore, E1 and n1 are selected such that the optical protection layer has an Rgm parameter of at least 95%, preferably at least 97%, even at least 99%, which is the guided mode reflection at the second interface of the sheet and the optical protection layer.

[0056] In one embodiment, a simulation of such a system with a 100% absorption layer was performed and verified with n0 = 1.52 and n2 = 1.485 at 550 nm.

[0057] Particularly for an Rgm of 95%, the thickness E1 in nm is in the first defined region of the graph of the thickness E1 based on n1, with a first included lower limit E1a defined by a first curve C1 of the thickness based on n1 having the following equation:

[0058] E1a(n1) = b1 - a 11 *(n1 - n r1 ) - a 31 *(n1 - n r1 ) 3 - a 51 *(n1 - n r1 ) 5

[0059] where n r1 = 1.499; b1 = 122 nm; a 11 = 30.1 nm; a31 = -9.44*10 -3 nm; a 51 = 5.69*10 -6 nm.

[0060] The curve has a vertical asymptote close to n2.

[0061] And preferably, especially for 97% of Rgm, the thickness E1 in nm in the second defined region of the figure (more restricted than the first region) has a lower limit E1b of the second included by the second curve C2 (above C1) of the thickness based on n1 with the following equation:

[0062] E1b(n1) = b2 - a 12 *(n1 - n r2 ) - a 32 *(n1 - n r ) 3 - a 52 *(n1 - n r2 ) 5

[0063] where n r2 = 1.495; b2 = 154 nm; a 12 = 30.5 nm, a 32 = -7.51*10 -3 nm; a 52 = 3.05*10 -6 nm.

[0064] And even more preferably, especially for 99% of Rgm, the thickness E1 in nm in the third defined region of the figure (more restricted than the first or second region) has a lower limit E1c of the third included by the third curve C3 (above C1 and C2) of the thickness based on n1 with the following equation:

[0065] E1c(n1) = b3 - a 13 *(n1 - n r3 ) - a 33 *(n1 - n r3 ) 3 - a 53 *(n1 - n r3 ) 5

[0066] where n r3 = 1.492; b3 = 211 nm; a 13 = 34.4 nm; a 33 = -6.43*10 -3 nm; a 53 = 1.99*10-6 nm.

[0067] And E1 is preferably not more than 3 μm or even not more than 1.5 μm.

[0068] If E1 of at most 1 μm is preferred, n1 of at least 1.466, 1.4685, 1.453 are required respectively. If E1 of at most 800 nm is preferred, n1 of at least 1.461, 1.453, 1.438 are required respectively. If E1 of at most 600 nm is preferred, n1 of at least 1.442, 1.43, 1.40 are required respectively.

[0069] If the thickness E1 can be at least 1.2 μm (self-supporting film, liquid coating), n1 can be at least 1.472, 1.470, 1.461.

[0070] Above 1.3 μm, 1.6 μm, 2.2 μm respectively, n1 is in the widest possible range as long as n1 < n2.

[0071] The optical protective layer can be a so-called protective coating on the surface F4 (preferably in direct contact), preferably a single layer.

[0072] The minimum E1 depends on the material type and the deposition method.

[0073] For example, the thickness E1 is expected to be at least 300 nm, 400 nm, 500 nm, 800 nm, and preferably not more than 5 μm or 3 μm or even not more than 1.5 μm.

[0074] The protective coating can be deposited on the second planar glass sheet before the tempering and bending operation (and thus must be temperable). Alternatively, the optical protective coating can be deposited (preferably by liquid means) on the second curved glass sheet, especially if an organic protective coating is used. Generally, the tempering and bending operation is carried out at a temperature of at least 600 °C.

[0075] The protective coating can be applied after lamination, especially if the adhesive protective coating has a carrier element (such as tempered glass).

[0076] The protective coating can be mineral, and on the preferably mineral second glass sheet, preferably a silica-based coating (dense or preferably porous), especially sol-gel, with an E1 of at most 1.5 or 1 μm. Preferably, in the case of sol-gel deposition involving the removal of the pore-forming agent by heat treatment (such as during tempering and bending), the second glass sheet is mineral.

[0077] The protective coating preferably comprises (especially consists of):

[0078] - A sol-gel layer based on porous silica, and E1 is at most 1 μm, still better at most 800 nm, and even 700 nm, to avoid the risk of crack formation, and n1 can easily go up to 1.3

[0079] - Or a layer based on oxides (such as silica-based) deposited by physical vapor deposition (PVD) (e.g., magnetron sputtering), and E1 is at most 1 μm, still better at most 700 nm, and even 400 nm, because the deposition is very slow

[0080] - Or a porous silica-based layer obtained from a SiOxCyHz layer deposited by a combination of plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) and magnetron sputtering, where E1 is preferably at most 500 nm, and becomes (more) porous silica after (bending)-tempering. For example, the method for depositing such a layer is disclosed in patent application WO2012172266

[0081] By means of magnetron sputtering, the silica layer can contain one or more other elements, such as aluminum, and the refractive index can be 1.48

[0082] The volume fraction of pores can be limited and controlled, especially by the sol-gel method

[0083] The protective coating can comprise (consist of) a porous silica-based, especially sol-gel, layer, in particular n1 is at most 1.44, optionally with a dense silica, especially sol-gel, underlayer having a refractive index greater than n1 (e.g., at least 0.02 or 0.05) of 1.45. The underlayer preferably has a thickness of at least 5 nm, especially at most 120 nm, for example between 50 nm or 80 nm and 120 nm

[0084] The protective coating can comprise (consist of) a porous silica-based layer, especially sol-gel, with a porosity of less than 20 vol% or 10 vol%, in particular n1 is at least 1.4 or 1.42 or 1.44

[0085] The pore structuring of the sol-gel layer is related to the sol-gel type of synthesis technique, which enables the condensation of basic mineral (i.e., mineral or hybrid organic-mineral) materials with a pore former of appropriately selected specific size and / or well-defined shape (elongated, spherical, elliptical, etc.). The pores can preferably be empty or optionally filled

[0086] Thus, silica prepared from tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) can be selected

[0087] The refractive index can be adjusted to fit the pore volume. The following relationship can be used as a first approximation for calculating the index n1:

[0088] n1 = f.n a+ (1 - f).n 孔隙 , where f is the volume fraction of the material constituting the layer (here silica), and n a is its refractive index (here silica) and n 孔隙 is the pore index, which is usually equal to 1 if empty.

[0089] The thickness of the optical protection layer can also be adjusted by selecting an appropriate solvent ratio.

[0090] The pores can be closed by removing the particulate pore former.

[0091] The minimum characteristic size (and preferably, the maximum size) of the pores can be greater than or equal to 30 nm, and preferably less than 200 or 100 nm or even 80 nm, and less than E1. The porosity can further be monodisperse in size.

[0092] The optical protection layer, especially the coating, preferably a single layer, can comprise (consist of) an organic or inorganic-organic hybrid layer, especially an acrylate or polymethacrylate layer (varnish, etc.).

[0093] It can optionally be in contact with a film (such as glass) up to 600 μm thick and then bonded to face F4.

[0094] E1 is, for example, at most 50 μm or 10 μm or 5 μm (micrometer scale), or even at most 800 nm or 700 nm. The upper and / or lower limits can depend on the deposition method.

[0095] For simplicity, it is preferred that the optical protection layer (protective coating) is a single layer and on face F4.

[0096] The inorganic-organic hybrid sol-gel layer can be based on methyltriethoxysilane (MTEOS), an organosilane with a non-reactive organic group. MTEOS is an organosilane with three hydrolyzable groups and a non-reactive methyl organic moiety.

[0097] Even though the optical protection layer in the form of a coating on face F4 is preferred (due to its simplicity and compactness), other embodiments of the present invention can be envisaged.

[0098] Alternatively, a (thermoplastic) fluoropolymer optical protective film can be adhered to face F4 and bonded to a transparent film (polymer or preferably float glass or ultra-clear glass, especially ultra-thin glass or "UTG", not exceeding 600 μm or 300 μm). The fluoropolymer film can be based on or even made of one of the following materials:

[0099] - Perfluoroalkoxy PFA, especially having an n1 of approximately 1.3

[0100] - Polyvinylidene fluoride PVDF, especially having an n1 of approximately 1.4

[0101] - Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene ECTFE

[0102] - Ethylene-tetrafluoroethylene ETFE, more specifically poly(ethylene-co-tetrafluoroethylene), especially having an n1 of approximately 1.4

[0103] - Ethylene-perfluoropropylene copolymer FEP or (fluorinated ethylene propylene), especially having an n1 of approximately 1.3

[0104] - Polytetrafluoroethylene PTFE, polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) having an n1 of approximately 1.3.

[0105] In one configuration, the optical protective layer, preferably a single layer, can include an adhesive layer (film or coating) of a crosslinked polymer material on face F4 (preferably in direct contact), and it contacts the main inner face Fi of the transparent film (polymer or preferably float glass or ultra-clear glass, especially ultra-thin glass or "UTG", up to 600 μm or 300 μm). Glass is preferred due to its mechanical durability.

[0106] The optical protective layer can be an optical adhesive (OCA, i.e., optically clear adhesive, or LOCA if it is a liquid).

[0107] To manufacture the optical protective layer, crosslinkable adhesives can be used, which cure when their components react (especially under ultraviolet light, thermally crosslinkable, etc.) or when the solvent evaporates. In all cases, there is a chemical reaction to produce chemical bonds for crosslinking, and in this case, crosslinked polymers are defined by forming a 3D network of polymer chains bonded by chemical bonds.

[0108] Therefore, the curing method of the crosslinkable adhesive depends on its nature. Some (photo) crosslinking occurs especially through the supply of energy of the ultraviolet (UVA) or visible light region (400 - 405 nm) type, and some others crosslink through chemical reactions at ambient temperature with the addition of a curing agent. Other crosslinkable adhesives crosslink through chemical reactions initiated and promoted by the supply of heat energy.

[0109] The liquid deposition of the crosslinkable adhesive can be carried out by spraying, curtain coating, flow coating, roll coating, slot die coating, dip coating or casting, knife coating, screen printing, inkjet printing, drop casting or, in particular, by filling the cavity with a syringe.

[0110] Preferably, the optical protective layer can be UV light crosslinkable, for example, comprising a UV light crosslinkable polymer matrix.

[0111] In one configuration, the optical protective layer, preferably a single layer, particularly comprises (is):

[0112] - an adhesive film, preferably at least 30 μm thick (easier to handle, lower risk of wrinkling), and preferably a pressure-sensitive film of at most 100 μm or 50 μm, preferably selected from polymers based on acrylate, urethane acrylate or fluoro urethane acrylate or silicone,

[0113] - or an adhesive coating, preferably having a thickness of at least 800 nm or 1 μm, or even at least 10 μm.

[0114] In one embodiment, the optical protective layer is an adhesive film based on a crosslinked polymer, particularly at least 30 μm, preferably a pressure-sensitive film, preferably selected from polymers based on acrylate, urethane acrylate or fluoro urethane acrylate or silicone.

[0115] The crosslinked polymer materials of the adhesive optical protective layer are, for example, selected from polymers based on polyacrylate, particularly urethane acrylate or fluoro urethane acrylate or fluoro silicone acrylate, polysiloxane, silicone, particularly polydimethylsiloxane, epoxy polymer or polyepoxide, polyurethane, polyvinyl acetate, polyester. In particular, the crosslinked polymer materials of the adhesive optical protective layer are preferably selected from polymers based on acrylate, particularly polymers based on urethane acrylate or silicone acrylate or silicone, and the polymers further having fluorinated functional groups.

[0116] An example is a crosslinkable liquid (UV) adhesive for liquid deposition:

[0117] - an adhesive based on urethane acrylate, such as from Norland, particularly the product called LOCA Norland NOA 1315 (n1 = 1.315), which is an aliphatic urethane acrylate,

[0118] - Fluorourethane acrylate - based adhesives, such as those from Shin - A, especially products known as SFA 335 (n1 = 1.335 - 1.339) or SFA 387 (n1 = 1.385 - 1.389),

[0119] - Acrylate - based adhesives, such as especially the product known as UZ181A (n1 = 1.47) from AKChemTeck, or the product known as UVEKOL S15 (n1 = 1.44) from Allnex.

[0120] Mention may be made of liquid fluorourethane acrylate - based adhesives, such as those from Shin - A, especially products known as LOCA Shin - A 335 (n1 = 1.335 - 1.339) or 387 (n1 = 1.385 - 1.389).

[0121] In particular, pressure - sensitive adhesives (PSA) adhere by contact after the application of mechanical pressure.

[0122] As an acrylate - based low - index PSA film, mention may be made of the product CS986 (refractive index 1.47) from Nitto.

[0123] As a silicone - based low - index PSA film, mention may be made of the product known as Opt Alpha Gel (n1 = 1.41) from Taica.

[0124] Regarding silicone, polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or dimethicone (which is an organometallic polymer of the siloxane family) is preferred.

[0125] Pressure - sensitive adhesives, abbreviated as PSA and commonly known as self - adhesives, are adhesives that form a bond when pressure is applied to them, integrating the adhesive with the surface to be adhesively bonded. No solvent or water or heat is required to activate the adhesive.

[0126] As its name indicates it is "pressure - sensitive", the degree of adhesion between a given surface and the self - adhesive is affected by the amount of pressure used to apply the adhesive to the target surface and the nature and density of the physical bond formed between the adhesive and the substrate (mineral glass or plexiglass sheet).

[0127] PSA is typically designed to form a bond and maintain that bond at ambient temperature.

[0128] PSA can be made from rubber, polyurethane, acrylate polymers, polysiloxanes.

[0129] PSA is typically based on an elastomer coupled with a suitable additional adhesive or "tackifier" (such as an ester resin). The elastomer can preferably be based on:

[0130] - An acrylate that can be sufficiently tacky so as not to require an additional tackifier.

[0131] - A silicone that requires a special tackifier such as an "MQ" type silicate resin, which consists of monofunctional ("M") trimethylsilane that has reacted with tetrafunctional ("Q") silicon tetrachloride. Silicone-based PSAs are, for example, gums and resins of polydimethylsiloxane dispersed in xylene or a mixture of xylene and toluene

[0132] Or optionally:

[0133] - Styrene-based block copolymers such as styrene-butadiene-styrene (SBS), styrene-ethylene / butylene-styrene (SEBS), styrene-ethylene / propylene (SEP), or styrene-isoprene-styrene (SIS) block copolymers

[0134] - Based on vinyl ether

[0135] - Based on nitrile.

[0136] PSA adhesives are sold in the form of adhesive rolls, with a liner on each side to protect the PSA film.

[0137] As silicone-based PSAs, mention may be made of Dow adhesives such as 2013 Adhesive, 7657 Adhesive, Q2-7735 Adhesa, Q2-7406 Adhesive, Q2-7566 Adhesive, 7355 Adhesive, 7358 Adhesive, 280A Adhesive, 282 Adhesive, 7651 Adhesive, 7652 Adhesive, 7356 Adhesive, or Taica adhesives such as OPT alpha such as K120E, K90E, or MRK adhesives such as MR3050, MR3080.

[0138] As acrylate-based PSAs, mention may be made of Nitto adhesives such as CS98210U, CS98210UK, or adhesives such as OCA 69206, OCA 69208, OCA 69405.

[0139] An assembled glass according to the invention, in particular a roof, can include electric control devices between surfaces F2 and F3, which have a stack (dielectric carrier) / electrode / active layer / electrode / (dielectric carrier), for example between two sheets (or interlayers) of a laminated interlayer (such as PVB, etc.). The following electric control devices can be obtained:

[0140] - Variable haze device: a liquid crystal device (PDLC, PNLC, CLC, liquid crystal cell), which has a stack (dielectric carrier) / electrode( / alignment layer) / / active layer / electrode( / alignment layer) / (dielectric carrier), for example between two sheets (or interlayers) of a laminated interlayer (such as PVB, etc.).

[0141] - Variable hue device: for example, an electrochromic device or a suspended particle device (SPD).

[0142] The thickness of the active layer can be 1 to 20 μm, and even 5 to 15 μm.

[0143] One or more transparent carriers are, for example, flexible and polymeric, for example up to 200 μm, or glass, for example up to 400 μm.

[0144] Each carrier is provided with an electrode (a transparent layer, such as a conductive metal oxide or a silver stack) and, optionally, an alignment layer, especially for planar or vertical alignment anchoring.

[0145] Examples of liquid crystal devices include polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) systems (where liquid crystals are dispersed in a polymer matrix), or cholesteric liquid crystal (CLC) systems, or polymer network liquid crystal (PNLC) systems.

[0146] A liquid crystal cell (basically and even only) contains a liquid crystal active layer, which has a predetermined orientation or equilibrium direction. The liquid crystal cell is encapsulated between two carriers (a polymer film or glass), and the carriers are maintained at a constant distance by spacers (transparent, preferably punctual, 3D), such as glass or polymer beads (or cubes or cylindrical bases, etc.).

[0147] Examples of liquid crystal cells include those disclosed in patent application JP2018141891 or EP3990981.

[0148] A liquid crystal cell can have at least one of the following cumulative or alternative technical features:

[0149] - The active layer contains no more than 5% or 1% or 0% of dissolved polymers and polymer precursors (excluding spacers);

[0150] - The liquid crystal cell is called "guest host" (GH), and the active layer contains at least one dichroic dye (the outer surfaces of the first inner carrier and the outer carrier are the outer surfaces of the "guest host" liquid crystal cell).

[0151] - Or the liquid crystal cell is called TN (i.e., twisted nematic), and includes an upper (colored) polarizer on the upper outer surface of the upper carrier having electrodes and a lower (colored) polarizer on the lower outer surface of the lower carrier having electrodes (the outer surfaces of the polarizers are the outer surfaces of the liquid crystal cell).

[0152] A photovoltaic device (transparent or opaque) can also be added between surface F2 and surface F3. The photovoltaic device is especially between two interlayers of a laminated interlayer (such as PVB) or above and even in contact with the first colored layer (preferably an interlayer).

[0153] The electro - control device or the photovoltaic device is, for example, completely or partially opposite to or offset relative to the light - guiding light extraction device, and is preferably between surface F2 and the first colored layer (upper colored interlayer, such as especially PVB). The substrate of the electro - control device is a non - sticky film made of a thermoplastic polymer such as PET, for example.

[0154] In fact, between surface F3 and the first colored layer, it is preferably to avoid any metal layer (such as electrodes, etc.) (pure or nitrided), or transparent conductive oxide, or even a layer with an extinction coefficient k (the imaginary part of the complex refractive index) of at least 10 -5 in the visible light range (especially at a reference wavelength, such as 550 nm, and even within the spectral range of the light source).

[0155] The laminated glass assembly according to the invention can thus comprise at least one electro - control and / or photovoltaic device, preferably between the first colored layer (which is preferably an interlayer (PVB)) and an interlayer (transparent or colored PVB) closer to surface F2 than the first colored layer (and even in contact therewith).

[0156] The laminated glass assembly according to the invention can alternatively or additionally comprise a non - sticky functional film (polymer film, such as PET, optionally having a preferably non - metallic functional coating) between the first colored layer (which is, for example, an interlayer (PVB)) and surface F3 (and even in contact therewith) and even between the first colored layer (interlayer, preferably based on PVB) and an interlayer (preferably based on PVB) on surface F3 (and even in contact therewith).

[0157] The laminated assembled glass according to the invention may also comprise a layer reflecting or absorbing infrared radiation on face F2 or on a transparent polymer film (such as PET, etc.) between two intermediate layers, in particular a stack of thin layers called low-emissivity thin layers comprising at least one metal layer such as silver (and even 2 or 3 or 4), said silver layer or each silver layer being arranged between dielectric layers. In such a configuration, the first coloring layer (preferably an interlayer) is closer to face F3 than such a low-emissivity stack, and the first glass sheet is transparent, and even any layer (interlayer, etc.) between face F3 and the low-emissivity stack is transparent.

[0158] More generally, between the first coloring layer and face F3, it is preferable to avoid any metal layer (such as pure or nitrided) or transparent conductive oxide having an extinction coefficient k (the imaginary part of the complex refractive index) of at least 10 in the visible light range (in particular at a reference wavelength, such as 550 nm, and even within the spectral range of a light source). -5 .

[0159] The laminated interlayer may be single-layer or multi-layer (in particular multi-layer, two, three or four adhesive layers, in particular adhesive films or sheets). The interface between the layers (sheets) is not necessarily distinguishable. The laminated interlayer may comprise one or more elements (not adhered to the glass) over various extents (all or part of this assembled glass), such as functional polymer films or electro-optical elements, sensors. For example, two PVB sheets in a PVB / polymer film stack not adhered to the glass / PVB, etc.

[0160] It is also preferable to select a laminated interlayer with as low a haze as possible, i.e., at most 1.5%, and even at most 1%.

[0161] Preferably, the laminated interlayer comprises one or more polymer sheets (lower interlayer, upper interlayer, etc.). The polymers are selected from polyvinyl butyral (PVB), polyurethane (PU), especially TPU, and ethylene-vinyl acetate (EVA), especially thermoplastic or crosslinked. For the laminated interlayer, the intermediate layer may comprise polymer sheets such as polyureas, polyolefins (including polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP) or polyisobutylene (P-IB)), polyvinyl chloride and its derivatives (e.g., polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC)), styrenic polymers (e.g., polystyrene (PS), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN)), polyacrylic acids (including polyacrylonitrile (PAN) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA)), polyesters (including poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and poly(butylene terephthalate) (PBT)), polyoxymethylene (POM), polyamides (PA), fluoropolymers such as polychlorotrifluoroethylene (PCTFE), polycarbonates (PC), aromatic polysulfones, including polysulfone (PSU), polyphenylene ether (PPE), epoxy resins (EP), alone or in blends and / or copolymers of several of them.

[0162] The laminated interlayer may be at least one sheet based on PVB or PU (flexible) or a plasticizer-free thermoplastic (ethylene / vinyl acetate (EVA) copolymer, etc.), where each sheet is, for example, 0.2 mm to 1.1 mm thick, especially 0.38 to 0.76 mm.

[0163] Preferably, any PVB-based interlayer (in the form of a sheet) contains 70% to 75% of PVB, 25% to 30% of plasticizer and less than 1% of additives. There are also PVB sheets containing little or no plasticizer, such as the plasticizer-free "MOWITAL LP BF" film from KURARAY. Thus, the laminated interlayer may be or may comprise a sheet based on poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB) (made of poly(vinyl butyral) (PVB)) that contains less than 15 wt%, preferably less than 10 wt%, and still better less than 5 wt% of plasticizer, and especially is plasticizer-free, and especially is at most 0.15 mm thick, especially 25 to 100 μm, 40 to 70 μm, and even 50 μm, such as the product called Kuraray products.

[0164] The laminated interlayer can be acoustic and can in particular comprise or consist of acoustic PVB (three-layer, four-layer, etc.). Thus, the laminated interlayer can comprise at least one layer made of a viscoelastic plastic having vibration acoustic damping properties, called the central layer, which is in particular based on polyvinyl butyral and a plasticizer, and the interlayer further comprises two outer layers made of standard PVB, with the central layer between the two outer layers. Reference can be made to the acoustic PVB described in patent applications WO2012 / 025685, WO2013 / 175101, and in particular colored as in WO2015079159.

[0165] The first glass sheet and the second (mineral) glass sheet can preferably be curved (by using bending methods known to those skilled in the art). Curved assembled glass is usually curved in two directions.

[0166] The mineral glass sheet can be produced by the float process, enabling the obtaining of a completely flat and smooth sheet, or by the drawing or rolling process.

[0167] The tin side of the second mineral glass sheet can be face F3 or face F4. The tin side of the first glass sheet can be face F1 or face F2.

[0168] As examples of glass, reference can be made to float glass having a conventional soda-lime composition (optionally heat or chemically hardened or tempered), aluminosilicate borate or sodium borosilicate or any other composition.

[0169] In one embodiment, the assembled glass comprises an internal (internal) outer peripheral opaque masking layer between face F3 and face F2, which even covers the outer periphery of the optical protective layer, in particular the internal masking layer in contact with face F2 (the coating on face F2 or on the interlayer in contact with face F2), in particular defining a transparent glass area. And / or the assembled glass can comprise an inner (interior) outer peripheral opaque masking layer on face F4, which is in particular congruent with or narrower than the width of the internal masking layer (internal masking layer).

[0170] The inner opaque peripheral masking layer is in particular an enamel (black, etc.) on face F2. This can be an opaque coating on a thermoplastic adhesive layer, in particular an additional upper-side interlayer, in particular PVB, for example an opaque PVB-based coating with a colorant on the main face of the PVB layer facing face F2 or face F3.

[0171] The inner masking layer may be 2 mm or 3 mm (less than 1 cm or 5 mm) from the edge surface of the assembled glass, or may even extend to the edge surface. The inner masking layer may be a strip surrounding the assembled glass (windshield, roof, etc.), especially black. Opaque treatment is carried out on the entire outer periphery to hide body components or seals or to protect adhesives used for mounting on the vehicle. The inner masking layer may define a transparent glass area. It may be advantageous that the outer edge of the optical protection layer is masked by the inner masking layer and not in the transparent glass area.

[0172] The width of the inner masking layer along the side edge of the motor vehicle roof is generally less than the width at the front or even at the rear.

[0173] In particular, for the vehicle roof:

[0174] - The width of the inner (and even inner side) masking layer along the longitudinal edge can be at most 30 cm, especially 10 to 20 cm,

[0175] - The width of the inner (and even inner side) masking layer along the rear side edge can be at most 30 cm, especially at least 1 or 5 cm, and the width along the front side edge is at most 60 cm, especially at least 1 or 5 cm.

[0176] The width of the inner masking layer is preferably greater than the width of the inner side masking layer.

[0177] The inner peripheral masking layer can be on the surface F4, especially facing the inner masking layer (and even having the same nature, such as enamel, especially black enamel, on the second sheet made of mineral glass). The inner side masking layer may be 2 mm or 3 mm (less than 1 cm or 5 mm) from the edge surface of the assembled glass, or may even extend to the edge surface. The inner masking layer, especially black, can be a strip or even a frame. The inner masking layer can be adjacent to the optical protection layer (protection coating), and the inner masking layer (especially enamel, black, etc.) is in contact with it (adjacent, below or above) or spaced apart, preferably with a spacing of no more than 10 mm or 1 mm.

[0178] The inner and / or inner side masking layer can be an organic or mineral binder (sintered frit) with organic or inorganic colorants, especially molecular dyes or inorganic pigments.

[0179] The inner and / or inner side opaque masking layer is preferably a continuous layer (flattened, with a solid edge or alternatively a gradient edge (pattern set)).

[0180] The thickness of the intermediate layer between the faces F2 and F3 is preferably at most 1.5 mm or 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm, and in particular, the thickness of the laminated sandwich is at most 1.1 mm or 0.9 mm. The thickness between the faces F1 and F4 is preferably at most 9 mm or 7 mm, especially for road vehicles.

[0181] The first sheet is made of optionally tempered mineral glass. In particular for road glazing, the first (outer) sheet is preferably at most 2.5 mm thick, even at most 2.2 mm thick - especially 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - or even at least 0.7 mm thick.

[0182] The second sheet can have a thickness of at least 0.7 mm, optionally less than the thickness of the first outer glass sheet, even at most 2.2 mm - especially 1.9 mm, 1.8 mm, 1.6 mm and 1.4 mm - or even at most 1.3 mm or at most 1 mm.

[0183] The total thickness of the first and second glass sheets is preferably strictly less than 5 or 4 mm, even 3.7 mm.

[0184] The first and second glass sheets can be of substantially the same size, for example substantially rectangular. The first sheet (if it is the outer sheet) can be larger than the second sheet (if it is the inner sheet), and thus extends beyond the second sheet at least in a part of its outer periphery. Thus, optionally, the smaller second sheet (on the passenger compartment side) has a bevel back from the edge face of the first glass sheet, especially at one edge or several (longitudinal and / or transverse) edges or over the entire outer periphery, especially a bevel back of at most 10 or 5 cm.

[0185] The first sheet can be a clear sheet glass having a functional non - heat or even heating coating on the face F2.

[0186] The first mineral glass sheet can be based on silica, soda - lime, preferably soda - lime - silica, or even aluminosilicate or borosilicate. It can have a total iron oxide weight content of at least 0.4% and preferably at most 1.5% (expressed as Fe2O3).

[0187] The second mineral glass sheet can be based on silica, soda - lime, soda - lime - silica, aluminosilicate or borosilicate. To limit absorption, it has a total iron oxide weight content of at most 0.05% (500 ppm), preferably at most 0.03% (300 ppm) and at most 0.015% (150 ppm) and in particular greater than or equal to 0.005% (expressed as Fe2O3). The redox of the second glass sheet is preferably greater than or equal to 0.15.

[0188] In this text, considering the light emitter A and the CIE 1964 standard observer (10°), the light transmittance is calculated from the transmission spectrum from 380 nm to 780 nm.

[0189] The light transmittance and hue of each glass sheet are adjusted by means of the chemical composition of the glass and the thickness of the glass sheet. The chemical composition of the glass includes a colorless substrate, preferably a soda-lime-silica substrate (base) (although other glasses, especially borosilicate or aluminosilicate glasses, can also be used), and a coloring part. The coloring part particularly includes one or more dyes selected from transition metal oxides - especially iron oxides (ferrous and iron oxides), cobalt oxide, chromium oxide, nickel oxide, rare earth oxides, especially erbium oxide, and selenium.

[0190] The first colored glass sheet is a glass sheet having a light transmittance of, for example, 50 to 80%, especially 60 to 75%. It contains a coloring part with a total content of 0.4 to 1.2% by weight, especially 0.6 to 1.1% by weight, for example, composed of iron oxides. The resulting glass is then green, optionally yellowish-green or bluish-green depending on the proportion of ferrous iron. According to other examples, cobalt oxide, selenium, and / or erbium oxide are added to impart a hue, such as blue or gray.

[0191] Even better, the first colored glass sheet is a glass sheet having a light transmittance of, for example, 5 to 50%, especially 8 to 40%, and even up to 20%. It contains a coloring part, for example, composed of iron oxides, with a total content of 1.0 to 2.3% by weight, especially 1.1 to 2.0% by weight, as well as cobalt and chromium oxides and / or selenium. The coloring part contains, for example, the following dyes in the weight ratios defined below: Fe2O3 (total iron) is 1.2 to 2.3%, especially 1.5 to 2.2%, CoO is 50 to 400 ppm, especially 200 to 350 ppm, Se is 0 to 35 ppm, especially 10 to 30 ppm. The redox is preferably 0.1 to 0.4, especially 0.2 to 0.3. The redox is the weight ratio of the ferrous iron content (expressed as FeO) to the total iron content (expressed as Fe2O3). The resulting glass is especially green or gray.

[0192] The second sheet can be made of organic glass, especially polyurethane (PU), polycarbonate (PC), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), or poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC).

[0193] The second organic glass sheet can be flexible to follow the curvature of the first curved sheet, or the second organic glass sheet can be preformed.

[0194] For organic glasses such as PC or PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or cross-linked polymer materials are preferred over PVB as the lower interlayer (for greater chemical compatibility). Thermoplastic or thermosetting EVA can also be selected.

[0195] In the present invention, the expression "tempered glass" refers to thermally tempered glass without any precision, and preferably glass tempered during the operation of bending the glass.

[0196] The second glass sheet is a clear (or extra-clear) sheet having a light transmittance of, for example, at least 85%, or even at least 90%. It generally does not contain a colored part, except for inevitable impurities with a total content of 0.005 to 0.200% by weight, in particular 0.010 to 0.150% by weight, or even 0.030 to 0.120% by weight, especially iron oxides.

[0197] The second glass sheet can be (depending on the aesthetic appearance, the desired optical effect, the use of the assembled glass, etc.) clear glass (for example, with a light transmittance T L higher than or equal to 90% at a thickness of 4 mm), such as glass of a standard soda-lime composition, such as that from Saint-Gobain Glass and even extra-clear glass (for example, with T L higher than or equal to 91.5% at a thickness of 4 mm), such as soda-lime-silica glass with less than 0.05% of Fe III or Fe2O3, such as the glass from Saint-Gobain Glass or the glass from Pilkington or the glass from Schott or glass of another composition described in document WO04 / 025334.

[0198] The glass of the first glass sheet may have been chemically or thermally treated, such as hardened, annealed or tempered (especially to improve mechanical strength) or bent, and is generally obtained using the float process.

[0199] The light-emitting assembled glass can have a non-zero light transmittance TL in all or part of the transparent glass region (usually surrounded by a masking layer). For roof assembled glass, a non-zero light transmittance TL is preferred, and even at least 0.5% or at least 2%, and at most 10%, and even at most 8%.

[0200] The second glass sheet can alternatively be made of organic glass (preferably rigid, semi-rigid), such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) (preferably with a laminated interlayer (PU)), polycarbonate (PC) (preferably with a PVB laminated interlayer).

[0201] In particular, the following can be selected as the first glass sheet / laminated interlayer / second glass sheet:

[0202] - Mineral glass / PVB (for acoustics, etc.) / mineral glass,

[0203] - Even mineral glass / laminated interlayer / polycarbonate,

[0204] As a guide, the second mineral glass sheet is preferably clear or even extra-clear, or made of clear or even extra-clear plexiglass.

[0205] For thermal applications, the first glass sheet (or other layer) is colored and preferably over-colored.

[0206] Preferably, the first colored layer and the intermediate layer below the first colored layer have at most 10 -6 or 10 -7 extinction coefficient k (the imaginary part of the complex refractive index) in the visible light range (especially at a reference wavelength, such as 550 nm, and even within the spectral range of the light source).

[0207] (Visible) light sources are preferably:

[0208] - A set of light-emitting diodes (on a first printed circuit carrier, such as a PCB, i.e., "printed circuit board"), especially a strip,

[0209] - Or a light source that includes extraction optical fibers coupled to a primary light source (such as a light-emitting diode, etc.).

[0210] The diodes can be (pre)-assembled on one or more PCB carriers (printed circuit boards) or carriers with electrical power supply tracks, where these PCB carriers can be attached to other carriers (such as profiles, etc.). The carrier PCB is usually thin, especially less than or equal to 3 mm, or even 1 mm, or even 0.1 mm, or, when applicable, less than the thickness of the laminated interlayer. Several PCB carriers can be provided, especially if the areas to be illuminated are far apart. The PCB carrier can be made of flexible, dielectric, or conductive materials (such as metals like aluminum, etc.), or composite materials, plastics, etc.

[0211] Preferably, the light source is peripheral, especially located on the part of the assembled glass inside the vehicle trim, and its basic function is to keep it out of the sight of vehicle passengers and protect it from dust and external influences.

[0212] The light source (such as a diode, etc.) can be spaced apart from the second glass sheet, or, for example, glued to the edge, or adhesively bonded to the face F4 on the periphery.

[0213] The light-emitting area is intended for use inside the passenger compartment (especially in the case of the roof, or for sending signals to provide information to the driver or any other passenger).

[0214] The assembled glass can contain multiple light sources, especially light-emitting diodes. Of course, several light sources (one or more series of diodes) can be coupled to the second sheet.

[0215] Light from a light source (preferably a set of light-emitting diodes) optically coupled to the second sheet is injected, for example:

[0216] - through the edge face of the second glass sheet, which may have notches,

[0217] - or through the wall defining the closed hole of the second glass sheet, especially a hole offset relative to the transparent glass area, facing the internal masking layer,

[0218] - or through a local light redirecting element on the side of face F3 or face F4, such as an optical redirecting film, with the light source then facing face F4 or offset relative to face F4, especially a light source and a light redirecting element that are directly optically coupled or by means of an optical system, especially a light source and a light redirecting element that are offset relative to the transparent glass area and face the internal masking layer.

[0219] The extraction (scattering) zone is, for example, at least 0.5 mm wide, or less than 1 mm, or even at least 1 cm, and even at least 5 cm (the width should naturally be distinguished from the thickness). It is a full zone and / or contains a set of discontinuous designs (discrete, dot-shaped (3D), such as geometric, linear (2D), especially different or the same, such as spaced at least 0.5 mm apart). The scattering zone can occupy a surface that is preferably greater than 5 cm, and even greater than 10 cm in length.

[0220] The scattering zone can occupy at least 60%, 70%, 80%, 90% of the main face of the assembled glass, and is preferably spaced at least 20 mm from the optical coupling.

[0221] The light-emitting assembled glass can contain multiple scattering zones with the same or different sizes and / or shapes. Depending on the lighting or the desired effect, the extraction zone can cover part or all of the laminated assembled glass (in the form of a strip arranged on the outer periphery of one of the faces to form a light-emitting frame, logo, or design, etc.).

[0222] The scattering zone can be multiple zones, for example, each having the same or different, continuous or discontinuous designs, and can be of any geometric shape (rectangular, square, triangular, circular, oval, etc.), and can form patterns, symbols (arrows, letters, etc.).

[0223] The light-emitting assembled glass can contain multiple light extraction zones (scattering layers) to form multiple light-emitting areas on the assembled glass.

[0224] For example, the light extraction device includes:

[0225] - A second sheet, the texturing of surface F3 or F4, even in contact with the overlying optical protection layer,

[0226] - Or an extraction film on the second sheet, on surface F3 or on surface F4 and in contact with the overlying optical protection layer,

[0227] - Or a scattering layer on the second sheet, on surface F3 or F4 and in contact with the overlying optical protection layer, the scattering layer comprising an adhesive and scattering particles and / or pores,

[0228] - Or a local scattering region in the second sheet, which includes scattering particles and / or pores, or laser etching.

[0229] In particular, the light guiding extraction device includes a scattering layer (or consists of a scattering layer), the scattering layer comprising scattering elements in a matrix (organic or mineral, such as enamel) to form a scattering region (emitting light in the on state).

[0230] The scattering elements preferably comprise, and even consist essentially of, particles (dielectric, organic or inorganic, such as metal oxides) dispersed and connected by the matrix, wherein the particle size is at most 30 μm or at most 10 μm. The particles are for example selected from particles of TiO2, SiO2, CaCO3, ZnO, Al2O3, ZrO2.

[0231] The scattering layer can be directly located on the main surface FB of the laminated sandwich. The other main surface of the laminated sandwich (in adhesive contact with the glass sheet) can be bare or particularly coated with a masking layer (such as black ink) on the periphery.

[0232] The thickness of the scattering layer can be at most 20 μm, and even at most 10 μm, and even at least 1 μm.

[0233] The scattering layer is, for example, a transparent coating, and the substrate is organic and transparent. The transparent substrate, particularly when deposited by a liquid route, can be made of a material selected from polymer binders such as paint, particularly lacquer, resins. In particular, the transparent substrate can consist essentially of a resin, particularly PVB resin. In particular, the transparent coating can contain a resin, particularly PVB resin, and scattering elements, particularly scattering particles (especially at least 50 nm, 80 nm or 100 nm, and preferably at most 30 μm or 10 μm or 1 μm), and even consist essentially of them. The transparent scattering coating can consist essentially of a resin and said scattering elements (particles and / or pores, etc.), particularly particles. The resin can be chemically compatible with the laminated interlayer (which is, for example, PVB). For a PVB laminated interlayer, the resin can be PVB resin.

[0234] The assembled glass is preferably a vehicle roof (which can be openable or fixed), or a vehicle door, side window or rear window.

[0235] The invention also relates to a road vehicle incorporating the assembled glass as defined above.

[0236] In the present application, a road vehicle is understood to be an automobile, particularly a commercial vehicle (van, minivan, dispatch van) weighing less than 3.5 tons, or can even be a truck or even a shuttle, a small private or public transport vehicle. The side assembled glass can be in a sliding door. The illuminated assembled glass can be in a rear door.

[0237] The invention will be better understood and other details and advantageous features of the invention will become apparent after reading the shown embodiments of the illuminated assembled glass of a vehicle according to the invention.

[0238] Figure 1 - Figure 1 - Schematic cross-sectional view of a laminated illuminated vehicle roof according to the invention shown in a first embodiment

[0239] Figure 1 ']- Figure 1 ' shows Figure 1 a schematic front view of the roof

[0240] Figure 1” - Figure 1” - Graph showing three curves C1, C2, C3 which indicate the minimum thickness E1min based on n1

[0241] Figure 2 - Figure 2 ​​​​Schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated motor vehicle glazing in a second embodiment by injecting peripheral light

[0242] Figure 2 ']- Figure 2 ' showing similar to Figure 2 Schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated motor vehicle glazing as a roof installed in a vehicle

[0243] Figure 3 - Figure 3 Schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated motor vehicle glazing in a third embodiment with peripheral light injection

[0244] Figure 4 - Figure 4 Schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated motor vehicle glazing in a fourth embodiment by injecting peripheral light

[0245] Figure 4 ']- Figure 4 ' showing Figure 4 Schematic front view of the glazing

[0246] Figure 5 - Figure 5 Schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated motor vehicle glazing in a fifth embodiment by injecting light through the inner wall of a second perforated glass sheet

[0247] Figure 5 ']- Figure 5 ' showing Figure 5 Schematic front view of the glazing

[0248] Figure 6 - Figure 6 Schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated motor vehicle glazing in a sixth embodiment by injecting light through a second sheet

[0249] Figure 6 ']- Figure 6 ' showing Figure 6 Schematic cross-sectional view of the glazing.

[0250] For clarity, it should be noted that the various elements of the objects shown are not necessarily reproduced to scale.

[0251] Figure 1 Schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated roof 100 according to the present invention in a first embodiment with peripheral lighting, here in cross-section. Figure 1 ' showing Figure 1 Schematic front view of the roof.

[0252] ​​​​​​​​In this case, this is a laminated roof 100 of a rectangle and a curved surface, which includes:

[0253] - A first glass sheet 1, for example rectangular (e.g., with dimensions of 300×300 mm), having a colored composition (VENUS VG10 or TSA 4+ glass sold by Saint-Gobain Glass), for example having a thickness equal to 2.1 mm, having a first major surface 11 corresponding to face F1, a second major surface 12 on the inner side called face F2, and edge surfaces (longitudinal edge surfaces 10 and 10'), and face F2 is optionally coated with a heat-free silver coating 16' or a heating coating (the glass is preferably transparent at this time), etc.

[0254] - A second glass sheet, preferably a mineral glass 2, having the same dimensions as the first sheet 1, forming an inner assembled glass, on the passenger compartment side, made of mineral glass, having a third major surface 11 corresponding to face F3 and a fourth major surface 12 as face F4, and edge surfaces (longitudinal edge surfaces 21 and 22) - for example, a clear float soda-lime-silica glass sheet, such as Diamant glass sold by Saint-Gobain Glass, having a thickness equal to 2.1 mm, a glass with a refractive index n0 of about 1.52 at 550 nm, or 1.95 mm Optiwhite glass.

[0255] - An intermediate layer between face F2 and face F3, which includes at least one laminated interlayer 3, having longitudinal edges 30 that may be offset (i.e., retracted) towards the center of the glass relative to the longitudinal edges 10, 10', adhesively contacting the heat-free coating 16' (or face F2 in the case of its absence) and adhesively contacting face F3, and a single layer (single ply) 31 of 0.76 mm transparent or colored PVB having a refractive index n2 in visible light and where n2 < n0.

[0256] The second face F2 includes an internal masking layer 7 forming a masking frame, which is a black enamel, defining a transparent glass area 16 (daylight) that is rectangular in this case (see Figure 1 ').

[0257] Light-emitting diodes 4 extend along the longitudinal coupling edge 21 of the second glass sheet 2. These are front-emitting light-emitting diodes. Therefore, these diodes 4 are arranged on a PCB carrier 5, such as a parallelepiped strip. The PCB carrier 5 is attached to the edge of this face, for example, by an adhesive 7 (or a double-sided adhesive).

[0258] Alternatively, the light source can be one or more primary light sources (diodes, etc.) directly coupled to the waveguide along the coupling edge face, such as extraction optical fibers having a light output region.

[0259] The light-emitting assembly glass unit 100 can have a plurality of light extraction guiding regions 6 in the second sheet, particularly having a given geometry (rectangular, square, circular, etc.). For example, it is a scattering layer 6 (enamel, ink, screen printing, etc.), which is a coating on the third face F3 and even alternatively or additionally on the fourth face F4, preferably a scattering layer in the transparent glass region 16. Alternatively, it can be a local extraction film (with reliefs or with a scattering layer or bulk scattering) placed or adhered locally on the third face F3 or even on the fourth face F4.

[0260] For example, the distance between the extraction 6 and the diode is at least 10 or 40 mm. For example, the extraction occupies 10 to 100% of the transparent glass region.

[0261] Several series of diodes 4 can be provided (one edge, two edges, three edges, on the entire outer periphery), which are independently controlled and even have different colors. White or colored light-emitting diodes can be selected for ambient lighting, reading, etc. Red light can be selected for sending signals, which may alternate with green light. The diode carrier 5 can be adhesively bonded to the edge face 21.

[0262] The light (after refraction on the edge face 21) propagates in the second sheet 2 forming an optical waveguide by total internal reflection (at the faces F3 and F4).

[0263] According to the invention, the face F4 comprises an optical protective layer 151, which has a refractive index n1 in the visible light range, where n1 < n2. It is a coating deposited by any means (liquid, physical vapor (magnetron, etc.), chemical vapor, etc.) and has a thickness E1.

[0264] Figure 1” A graph showing three curves C1, C2, C3 is presented, which indicates the minimum thickness E1min based on n1.

[0265] For a contamination layer that absorbs 100% of the light, the inventors then determined how to achieve a higher Rgm parameter with the optical protective layer, preferably at least 95% or even 97% or 99%, which indicates very low absorption and thus better retention of the guided mode in terms of its total intensity.

[0266] Therefore, E1 and n1 are selected such that the optical protective layer has an Rgm parameter of at least 95%, preferably at least 97%, and even at least 99%, which is the reflection of the guided mode at the second interface between the sheet and the optical protective layer.

[0267] In one embodiment, simulations were carried out and verified with n0 = 1.52 and n2 = 1.485.

[0268] For 95% of the Rgm, the thickness E1 in nm is in the first defined region of the graph of the thickness E1 based on n1 and has a first included lower limit E1a defined by a first curve C1 of the thickness based on n1 with the following equation:

[0269] E1a(n1) = b1 - a 11 *(n1 - n r1 ) - a 31 *(n1 - n r1 ) 3 - a 51 *(n1 - n r1 ) 5

[0270] where n r1 = 1.499; b1 = 122 nm; a 11 = 30.1 nm; a 31 = -9.44 * 10 -3 nm; a 51 = 5.69 * 10 -6 nm.

[0271] And preferably, for 97% of the Rgm, the thickness E1 in nm is in the second defined region of the graph (more restricted than the first region) and has a second included lower limit E1b defined by a second curve C2 (above C1) of the thickness based on n1 with the following equation:

[0272] E1b(n1) = b2 - a 12 *(n1 - n r2 ) - a 32 *(n1 - n r ) 3 - a 52 *(n1 - n r2 ) 5

[0273] where n r2 = 1.495; b2 = 154 nm; a 12 = 30.5 nm; a 32 = -7.51 * 10 -3 nm; a 52 = 3.05 * 10 -6 nm.

[0274] And even more preferably, for 99% of the Rgm, the thickness E1 in nm is in the third defined region of the graph (more restricted than the first or second region) and has a third included lower limit E1c defined by a third curve C3 (above C1 and C2) of the thickness based on n1 with the following equation:

[0275] E1c(n1) = b3 - a 13 *(n1 - n r3 ) - a 33 *(n1 - n r3 ) 3 - a 53 *(n1 - n r3 ) 5

[0276] where n r3 = 1.492; b3 = 211 nm; a 13 = 34.4 nm; a 33 = -6.43 * 10 -3 nm; a 53 = 1.99 * 10 -6 nm.

[0277] And E1 is preferably not more than 3 μm or even not more than 1.5 μm.

[0278] If E1 of at most 1 μm is preferred, n1 of at least 1.466, 1.4685, 1.453 are required respectively. If E1 of at most 800 nm is preferred, n1 of at least 1.461, 1.453, 1.438 are required respectively. If E1 of at most 600 nm is preferred, n1 of at least 1.442, 1.43, 1.40 are required respectively.

[0279] If the thickness can be at least 1.2 μm (self - supporting film, liquid coating), n1 can be at least 1.472, 1.470, 1.461.

[0280] Above 1.3 μm, 1.6 μm, 2.2 μm respectively, n1 is in the widest possible range as long as n1 < n2.

[0281] For example, if a very thin optical protective layer is desired, then n1 = 1.35 and E1 = 500 nm are selected.

[0282] For example, if a thicker optical protective layer can be produced, then n1 very close to n2 (at most about 1.46) and E1 = 1 μm are selected, such as a porous silica sol - gel layer with a pore volume of not more than 10%.

[0283] Alternatively, an acrylate optical protective layer is selected, for example where n1 = 1.4 and E1 is 600 nm or even 1 or 2 μm if this is beneficial for deposition. Ultra - thin float glass can be bonded to provide mechanical protection.

[0284] An adhesive layer can also be selected, especially a cross - linked UV adhesive coating (LOCA) or a PSA film as the optical protective layer 151. This adhesive layer is then in contact with the ultra - thin float glass.

[0285] Alternatively, the second sheet is made of plexiglass, in particular polyurethane (PU), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride (PVC) or (polymethyl methacrylate) (PMMA). For plexiglass such as PC or PMMA, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) or thermoplastic or thermosetting EVA is superior to PVB as the thermoplastic adhesive layer (for greater chemical compatibility). We adjust n1 and E1 based on n2.

[0286] In all these examples, the optical protective layer has achieved the function of preventing dirt, fingerprints and dust. Any dust or fingerprints will not interact with light and will therefore not light up when the light source is turned on. Even when the optical protective layer is in contact with air, n1 does not have to be very low, close to 1, which is of course more difficult to achieve.

[0287] This light-emitting laminated automotive glazing 100 can alternatively form a windshield with internal signaling. The scattering layer forms, for example, a collision avoidance signal, in particular a strip along the lower longitudinal edge. For example, when the vehicle in front is too close, the light lights up (red).

[0288] This light-emitting laminated automotive glazing 100 can alternatively form a front triangular window or a rear triangular window or a door. The scattering layer 6 forms, for example, an internal logo or a decorative pattern, etc.

[0289] Figure 2 Shows a schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated automotive glazing unit 200 in a second embodiment by injecting peripheral light.

[0290] This second embodiment differs from the first embodiment in that the side light-emitting diodes 4 are received in recesses (outer peripheral notches) of the edge face 21. Thus, these diodes 4 are arranged on the PCB 5 substrate, for example, on a parallelepiped strip, preferably as opaque as possible (non-transparent), and their emission surfaces are parallel to the PCB substrate and face the edge face 21 in the recessed edge face portion. The PCB substrate is adhered to the edge face 121 of the face F2 12, for example, by an adhesive 5' (or a double-sided adhesive), and is joined in the groove between the faces F2 and F3, which makes it possible to achieve by sufficiently removing the edge face 30 of the interlayer 3. The outer peripheral masking strip 7 made of (black) opaque enamel can mask the PCB carrier 5 and even the emitted light in this area.

[0291] Minimize the distance between the diode and the edge face 10, for example, 1 to 2 mm. In the long term and during the manufacture of the light-emitting glazing unit 100, the space between each chip and the optically coupled edge face 10 can be protected from any contamination: water, chemicals, etc.

[0292] The light-emitting assembly glass 200 further has a polymer encapsulation 8, for example made of black polyurethane, in particular made by PU-RIM (reaction in molding). It is double-sided at the edge of the assembly glass unit. This encapsulation ensures long-term sealing (water, cleaning products, etc.). The encapsulation also provides a good aesthetic finish and enables the integration of other components or functions (reinforcement inserts, etc.). As described in document WO2011092419 or document WO2013017790, the polymer encapsulation may have a through-recess closed by a removable cover for placing or replacing the diode.

[0293] The roof 200 can form, for example, a fixed light-emitting panoramic roof of a motor vehicle, such as a car, which is externally mounted on the vehicle body 8' via an adhesive 61' as shown in Figure 2 '.

[0294] Figure 3 Figure showing a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated motor vehicle assembly glass 300 in a third embodiment with peripheral light injection.

[0295] The inner peripheral masking layer 7' is on the fourth face F4 14 and is in particular narrower than the width of the inner masking layer 7. For example, black enamel or black ink on an intermediate layer (interlayer, PVB, etc.).

[0296] In addition, the diode carrier 5 is L-shaped and has a portion facing the fourth face F4 14. For example, the second sheet 2 is smaller than the first sheet 1, so the diode is located below the protruding portion of the second face 121. The diode is a side-emitting diode or a front-emitting diode.

[0297] The optical protection layer 151 is adjacent to the inner masking layer 7' and is optionally spaced apart from or in contact with the inner masking layer 7' and may overlap.

[0298] Figure 4 Figure showing a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated motor vehicle assembly glass 400 in a fourth embodiment by injecting peripheral light. Figure 4 ' shows Figure 4 a schematic front view of the assembly glass.

[0299] This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that second diode modules 4', 5' are added along the opposite longitudinal edges 22.

[0300] Figure 5 Figure showing a schematic cross-sectional view of a light-emitting laminated motor vehicle assembly glass 500 in a fifth embodiment by injecting light through an internal glass wall. Figure 5 ' shows Figure 5Schematic front view of the assembled glass.

[0301] This embodiment differs from the first embodiment 100 in the injection of light and the positioning of the light source 4.

[0302] The diode 4 on the carrier 5 is located in a circular through-hole 18 (offset relative to the transparent glass region 16) of the second glass sheet 2, which is defined by an inner wall 17 and is closed by a cap 50, such as a metal sheet or any other optical shutter on one side of the third face F3 13. The diode carrier 5 forms a cover that is adhesively bonded to the fourth face F4 4 by an adhesive 61.

[0303] And as Figure 5 ' shown, the device is replicated by adding another diode 4 in another circular through-hole 18 (offset relative to the transparent glass 16) closed by another cap 50. These holes are on the transverse front edge side of the roof 20 here.

[0304] The inner masking layer 7 is generally wider on the front side than on the side of the rear edge 20'.

[0305] Figure 6 Schematic cross-sectional view of the light-emitting laminated motor vehicle assembled glass 600 in the sixth embodiment showing light injection through the second sheet. Figure 6 ' shows Figure 6 Schematic front view of the assembled glass.

[0306] This embodiment differs from the first embodiment 100 in the injection of light and the positioning of the light source 4.

[0307] The diode 4 (here a front-emitting diode) on the carrier 5 is opposite (or offset) to the fourth main face 14, and the optical coupling with the second sheet 2 is via a light redirecting element for local guidance (such as a reflective redirecting optical film 9) on one side of the third main face F3 (or the fourth main face F4), for example facing the inner masking layer 7.

[0308] For example, it is a polymer prism film having prisms 93 and flat portions 94, which is suction-bonded or attached to the third face F3 13 and has a thickness of 100 to 300 μm, and is covered by the interlayer 31. Similar to the linear light source 4, the film forms a longitudinal strip, for example, along the longitudinal edge of the roof. The redirecting optical film 9 can also alternatively be embedded in the interlayer 3, for example, between a light-colored lower interlayer and a colored interlayer. The prisms can be oriented towards the face F3.

[0309] Thus, the device can be replicated by adding another light source and another redirecting film along another longitudinal edge 10'.

[0310] In these assembled glass examples, electroactive or photovoltaic devices may be added, preferably between (and even in contact with) a first coloring layer, which is preferably an interlayer (PVB), and an interlayer (transparent or colored PVB) closer to face F2 than the first coloring layer.

[0311] Alternatively or cumulatively, a non-tacky functional film (a polymer film such as PET, optionally with a functional coating preferably of non-metallic nature) may be added below the first coloring layer, which is for example an interlayer (PVB).

[0312] The edges of the electroactive or photovoltaic devices or of the functional film are preferably masked by a masking layer at F2.

Claims

1. A laminated assembly glass (100, 600) for a vehicle, comprising: - A first transparent sheet (1) made of mineral glass, having a first main outer face called face F1 (11) and a second main inner face called face F2 (12), - A second transparent sheet (2) made of mineral or organic glass, having a third main face called face F3 (13) and a fourth main face called face F4 (14), the second sheet having a refractive index n0 in the visible light range, - Between face F2 and face F3, one or more dielectric transparent intermediate layers having a given refractive index in the visible light range, comprising a polymer laminate sandwich (3), The first sheet is colored and / or the first layer of the intermediate layer is colored, When several intermediate layers are colored, the first colored layer is the colored layer closest to face F3, n2 is the lowest refractive index among the refractive indices of the intermediate layers between face F3 and up to and including the first colored layer or up to face F2 in the absence of a colored intermediate layer, where n2 < n0, - Preferably, a light source optically coupled to the second light guide sheet, - Means (6, 6') for extracting guided light in the second sheet, It is characterized in that It includes a transparent dielectric optical protection layer (151) on face F4, having a refractive index n1 in the visible light range, where n1 < n2, and a thickness E1 of at least 100 nm and submillimeter.

2. The vehicle-mounted assembly glass according to the previous claim, characterized in that The difference n2 - n1 is greater than 0.02 and preferably less than 0.

3.

3. The vehicle-mounted glass according to one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that n2 - n1 is less than 0.

15.

4. The vehicle-mounted assembly glass according to one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that n1 is greater than or equal to 1.3 or 1.4, and n0 is at least 1.5 and E1 is at least 250 nm.

5. The vehicle assembly glass according to one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that The thickness E1 is in a first defined region of a graph of the thickness E1 based on n1 in nm, having a first included lower limit E1a defined by a first curve C1 of the thickness based on n1 with the following equation: E1a(n1) = b1 - a 11 *(n1 - n r1 ) - a 31 *(n1 - n r1 ) 3 -a 51 *(n1 - n r1 ) 5 Where n r1 = 1.499; b1 = 122 nm; a 11 = 30.1 nm; a 31 = -9.44*10 -3 nm; a 51 = 5.69*10 - 6 nm And E1 is preferably at most 3 μm.

6. The vehicle assembly glass according to one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that The optical protection layer comprises a so-called protection coating on face F4, preferably a single layer.

7. The vehicle-mounted assembled glass according to claim 6, wherein The protection coating is mineral and on a second mineral glass sheet, preferably a silica-based protection coating, especially sol-gel, having an E1 of at most 1.5 μm or even 1.1 μm.

8. The vehicle-mounted assembly glass according to one of claims 6 or 7, characterized in that The protection coating comprises a layer based on porous silica, especially sol-gel, optionally having a dense silica, especially sol-gel, bottom layer.

9. The vehicle-mounted assembly glass according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that The protection coating comprises a layer based on porous silica, especially sol-gel, having a porosity of less than 20 vol% or 10 vol%.

10. The vehicle-mounted assembly glass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The optical protection layer includes an organic or hybrid organic-mineral layer, especially an acrylate or polymethacrylate layer.

11. The vehicle-mounted assembly glass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The optical protection layer comprises an adhesive layer made of a crosslinked polymer material on face F4, which contacts the main inner face Fi of a transparent film, the transparent film preferably being glass with a thickness of at most 600 μm.

12. The vehicle-mounted assembly glass according to the previous claim, characterized in that The optical protection layer comprises an adhesive film, preferably having a thickness of at least 30 μm and still more preferably at most 100 μm, preferably a pressure-sensitive film, preferably selected from polymers based on acrylate, urethane acrylate or fluoro urethane acrylate or silicone.

13. An assembly glass for a vehicle, in particular a road vehicle, according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that The light extraction device (6, 6') comprises: - a second sheet, textured on face F3 or face F4 and in contact with the overlying optical protection layer, - or an extraction film on the second sheet, on face F3 or on face F4 and in contact with the overlying optical protection layer, - or a scattering layer on the second sheet, on face F3 or face F4 and even in contact with the overlying optical protection layer, the scattering layer comprising an adhesive and scattering particles and / or pores, - or a local scattering zone in the second sheet, which comprises scattering particles and / or pores, or laser etching.

14. The vehicle-mounted glass according to one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that The first coloring layer is a laminate, especially based on PVB.

15. The vehicle assembly glass according to one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that It comprises an electro-controlled or photovoltaic device between face F2 and face F3, and preferably between face F2 and the first coloring layer, and / or is characterized in that it comprises a transparent functional polymer film between the first coloring layer and face F3, optionally between the first laminate and face F3, especially a laminate based on PVB.

16. The vehicle-mounted assembly glass according to one of the foregoing claims, characterized in that The assembled glass is a roof glass, a door assembled glass, a side assembled glass, and the second glass sheet is especially made of extra-clear mineral glass.

17. A vehicle, especially a road vehicle, incorporating at least one assembled glass according to one of the preceding claims.

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