Battery system and battery pack connection state identification method

Abstract

The invention relates to a battery system and a battery pack connection state identification method, and the battery system comprises a plurality of battery packs which are directly or indirectly connected; the signal line is controllably connected with each battery pack; and the detection and judgment module is used for acquiring the voltage value of the signal line, and determining at least one selected from a group consisting of connection modes and relative positions among the plurality of battery packs according to the voltage value.

Description

Battery system and battery pack connection status identification method

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application number 202211004551.6, filed on August 22, 2022, entitled “Method for Identifying Connection Status of Battery System and Battery Pack,” the entire text of which is hereby incorporated by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of new energy technology, and in particular to a method for identifying the connection status of a battery system and a battery pack. Background Art

[0004] With the development of new energy technologies, batteries are being used in an increasingly wide range of applications. Currently, many manufacturers manufacture and sell battery packs. After purchasing the battery packs, users connect them in series or parallel to meet the power system's requirements for battery capacity and output voltage.

[0005] Generally speaking, when users perform series and parallel connection, they need to first ensure that the total capacity, remaining capacity and voltage across the battery packs of all battery packs are completely consistent, and then select several battery packs for parallel connection to form a battery pack string. Finally, multiple battery pack strings are connected in series to obtain a battery system consisting of multiple battery packs with the user's desired rated capacity and voltage.

[0006] However, in practice, there's no guarantee that every user will read and follow the operating instructions, nor is there any guarantee that every user has a basic understanding of electrical engineering and the necessary tools. Often, users will arbitrarily connect battery packs in series or parallel. Improper or incorrect connections between battery packs can lead to the risk of improper power-up and even safety hazards, severely impacting the user's experience.

[0007] Therefore, it is necessary to propose a method that can automatically identify the connection status of each battery pack after the battery packs are connected in series, in parallel, or in series and in parallel.

[0008] Summary of the Invention

[0009] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a battery system and a battery pack connection status identification method that can automatically identify the connection status of each battery pack after the battery pack is connected to address the above technical problems.

[0010] To this end, as a first aspect of the present application, a battery system is provided, comprising:

[0011] A plurality of battery packs, wherein the plurality of battery packs are directly or indirectly connected;

[0012] a signal line, the signal line being controllably connected to each of the battery packs; and

[0013] The detection and judgment module is used to obtain the voltage value of the signal line and determine at least one selected from the group consisting of connection modes and relative positions between the plurality of battery packs according to the voltage value.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, a method for identifying a battery pack connection state is further provided. The method is applied to a first battery pack in a battery system consisting of at least one first battery pack and at least one second battery pack, and the method includes:

[0015] Controlling a signal line connecting the first battery pack and the second battery pack;

[0016] obtaining a voltage value of the signal line;

[0017] A connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is determined according to the voltage value.

[0018] The details of one or more embodiments of the present application are set forth in the following drawings and description. Other features, objects, and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the description, drawings, and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the conventional technology, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the conventional technology descriptions. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on the drawings of the application without creative work.

[0020] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack in one embodiment;

[0021] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a control module in one embodiment;

[0022] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structures of a first voltage access module and a second voltage access module in one embodiment;

[0023] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage divider circuit, a first voltage access module, and a second voltage access module in one embodiment;

[0024] FIG5 is another structural diagram of a voltage divider circuit, a first voltage access module, and a second voltage access module in one embodiment;

[0025] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage measurement circuit of a detection and judgment module in one embodiment;

[0026] FIG7 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery system in one embodiment;

[0027] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the specific structure of a battery system in one embodiment;

[0028] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery pack in another embodiment;

[0029] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage access module and a voltage sampling module of a battery pack in another embodiment;

[0030] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery system in another embodiment;

[0031] FIG12 is a schematic flow chart of a method for identifying a battery pack connection status in one embodiment;

[0032] FIG13 is a schematic flow chart of a method for identifying a battery pack connection status in another embodiment;

[0033] FIG14 is a flow chart showing steps for determining a control host in one embodiment;

[0034] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a process for measuring the voltage value on a signal line in one embodiment;

[0035] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a process for measuring the voltage value on a signal line in another embodiment;

[0036] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of a process for determining a connection status between a first battery pack and a second battery pack in one embodiment;

[0037] FIG18 is a flow chart illustrating steps for determining the connection status of a battery pack in one embodiment;

[0038] FIG19 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack and the structures of the first voltage access module and the second voltage access module in one embodiment;

[0039] FIG20 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack and the structures of the first voltage access module and the second voltage access module in one embodiment;

[0040] FIG21 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, as well as the structures of the voltage access module and the voltage sampling module in one embodiment;

[0041] FIG22 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, as well as the structures of the voltage access module and the voltage sampling module in one embodiment;

[0042] FIG23 is a flow chart showing the steps for determining the connection status of a battery pack;

[0043] FIG24 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack and the structures of the first voltage access module and the second voltage access module in one embodiment;

[0044] FIG25 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack and the structures of the first voltage access module and the second voltage access module in one embodiment;

[0045] FIG26 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, as well as the structures of the voltage access module and the voltage sampling module in one embodiment;

[0046] FIG27 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, as well as the structures of the voltage access module and the voltage sampling module in one embodiment;

[0047] FIG28 is a flow chart showing steps for determining the connection status of a battery pack;

[0048] FIG29 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, as well as the structures of the voltage access module and the voltage sampling module in one embodiment;

[0049] FIG30 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, as well as the structures of the voltage access module and the voltage sampling module in one embodiment;

[0050] FIG31 is a flow chart showing steps for determining the connection status of a battery pack;

[0051] FIG32 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, as well as the structures of the voltage access module and the voltage sampling module in one embodiment;

[0052] FIG33 is a schematic diagram showing the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack, as well as the structures of the voltage access module and the voltage sampling module in one embodiment;

[0053] FIG34 is a schematic diagram of a mixed connection structure of multiple battery packs in one embodiment.

[0054] The components in the accompanying drawings are marked as follows: 100, battery pack; 120, battery group; 140, first voltage access module; 160, second voltage access module; 180, control module; 182, BMS; 184, voltage measurement circuit; 142, first switch; 144, first resistor; 162, second switch; 164, second resistor; 220, detection and judgment module; 320, battery pack; 340, voltage access module; 360, voltage sampling module; 380, detection and judgment module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0056] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as those commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application pertains. The terms used herein in the specification of this application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit this application.

[0057] It should be noted that, in this article, the term "comprise", "include" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that the process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not clearly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. In the absence of more restrictions, the elements limited by the sentence "comprise one..." do not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article or device comprising the element. It should be further understood that, as used in this article, the singular forms "one", "an" and "the" are intended to also include plural forms, unless there is an opposite indication in the context. Furthermore, the terms "or", "and / or", "including at least one of the following" etc. used in this article can be interpreted as inclusive, or mean any one or any combination. Only when the combination of elements, functions, steps or operations is inherently mutually exclusive in some way, will the exception to this definition occur.

[0058] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various parameters or modules, these parameters or modules should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish parameters or modules of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this article, the first parameter may also be referred to as the second parameter, and similarly, the second parameter may also be referred to as the first parameter. Depending on the context, the words "if" and "if" as used herein can be interpreted as "at ... time" or "when ... time" or "in response to determination" or "in response to detection". Similarly, depending on the context, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if detection (statement condition or event)" can be interpreted as "when determination" or "in response to determination" or "when detection (statement condition or event)" or "in response to detection (statement condition or event)". In addition, the components, features, and elements with the same name in different embodiments of the present application may have the same meaning or may have different meanings, and their specific meanings need to be determined by their explanation in this specific embodiment or further in conjunction with the context in this specific embodiment.

[0059] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowchart in the embodiment of the present application are shown in sequence according to the indication of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily performed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless clearly stated herein, the execution of these steps is not strictly limited in order, and they can be performed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the figure may include multiple sub-steps or multiple stages, and these sub-steps or stages are not necessarily performed at the same time, but can be performed at different times, and their execution order is not necessarily performed in sequence, but can be performed in turn or alternately with at least a portion of other steps or sub-steps or stages of other steps.

[0060] It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application.

[0061] The battery system provided in this application is suitable for a variety of application scenarios, such as grid-connected power generation and energy storage, off-grid photovoltaic storage (for powering electrical equipment in homes, RVs, and yachts), wind power generation, and electric equipment. The specific application scenarios can be determined based on the actual application scenario and are not limited here. The following will be explained using the off-grid photovoltaic storage field as an example. Other application scenarios are basically similar and will not be repeated here.

[0062] In off-grid solar-plus-storage applications, a complete solar-plus-storage system consists of at least a photovoltaic power generation system, a power conversion system, a battery system, and a power consumption system. The photovoltaic power generation system consists of several solar panels connected in series and parallel, converting solar energy into electricity. The power conversion system transfers the electricity generated by the photovoltaic power generation system into the battery system for storage. The power consumption system then adapts the stored energy in the battery system to power the consumer devices. The aforementioned power conversion system is typically implemented using a DC / DC converter with MPPT functionality, while the power consumption system is typically implemented using a DC / DC converter or a DC / AC converter. This article focuses on the battery system, which is typically composed of multiple connected battery packs. Connecting battery packs in series increases the output voltage of the battery pack, while connecting battery packs in parallel increases the battery capacity. Therefore, to achieve a battery system with the target voltage and capacity, users often connect multiple battery packs in series and parallel, resulting in a high-voltage, high-capacity battery system for energy storage and power supply. However, some users currently connect battery packs in series and / or in parallel at will after obtaining them, or make mistakes during the series and parallel connection process, resulting in connection errors. After the battery packs are powered on, the battery system fails to identify the connection relationship between the battery packs, resulting in poor management of the charging and discharging of the battery packs, affecting the normal use of the battery system. In severe cases, safety hazards may occur in the battery packs.

[0063] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a battery system and a battery pack connection status identification method that can automatically identify the connection status of each battery pack after the battery packs are connected in series and parallel.

[0064] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 1 , the present application provides a battery pack 100 , including: a battery group 120 , a first voltage access module 140 , a second voltage access module 160 and a control module 180 .

[0065] The battery pack 120 is connected to the first voltage access module 140 , the second voltage access module 160 and the control module 180 respectively.

[0066] Optionally, the battery pack 120 is composed of a plurality of battery cells connected in series and / or in parallel for energy storage and power supply; wherein the number of battery cells is greater than or equal to 1, and the specific number may be determined by the actual application scenario and is not limited here. The types of battery cells may include but are not limited to lithium cobalt oxide batteries, lithium manganese oxide batteries, nickel cobalt manganese oxide batteries, nickel cobalt aluminum oxide batteries, lithium iron phosphate batteries, or lithium titanate batteries. The first voltage access module 140 and the second voltage access module 160 are respectively used to controllably connect the positive and negative poles of the battery pack 120 to the first signal line (not shown) and the second signal line (not shown), which will be specifically described in subsequent embodiments. The control module 180 is used to detect the performance parameters of the battery pack 120.

[0067] In some feasible embodiments, as shown in FIG2 , the control module 180 may include a detection and judgment module, and the detection and judgment module may include a BMS (Battery Management Systerm) 182 and a voltage measurement circuit 184. The BMS 182 is connected to the battery pack 120 and the voltage measurement circuit 184, respectively. The BMS 182 is used to intelligently manage and maintain each battery pack 100, monitor the status of the battery pack 100, prevent the battery pack 100 from being overcharged and over-discharged, and extend the service life of the battery pack 100. Specifically, the BMS 182 can implement one or more of the following functions: cell parameter measurement or monitoring of the single battery cells in the battery pack 120, including one or more of the following cell parameters: cell voltage, cell remaining capacity (State of Charge, i.e. SOC), cell temperature, cell current, cell health status (State of Energy balance of the single battery cells in the battery pack 120, that is, balanced charging and discharging of the single battery cells to make the battery pack 120 reach a balanced and consistent state; total voltage measurement of the battery pack 120; total current measurement and SOC calculation of the battery pack 120, accurately estimating the state of charge of the battery pack 120, that is, the remaining battery capacity, to ensure that the SOC is maintained within a reasonable range and prevent damage to the battery due to overcharging or over-discharging; dynamic monitoring of the working status of the battery pack 120: during the battery charging and discharging process, real-time collection of the voltage and temperature of the battery pack 120; charge and discharge current and total voltage to prevent overcharging or over-discharging of the battery, and real-time data display; data recording and analysis, while selecting problematic batteries to maintain the reliability and efficiency of battery operation; communication networking function.

[0068] The voltage measurement circuit 184 is connected to the output of the first voltage access module 140 and the output of the second voltage access module 160, respectively, and is used to measure the voltage between the output of the first voltage access module 140 and the output of the second voltage access module 160. When the output of the first voltage access module 140 is connected to the first signal line (not shown), and the output of the second voltage access module 160 is connected to the second signal line (not shown), the voltage value measured by the voltage measurement circuit 184 is equal to the voltage between the first signal line and the second signal line. In actual operation, the voltage measurement circuit 184 is used to collect the voltage between the first signal line and the second signal line. After obtaining this voltage, the BMS 182 performs corresponding judgments and controls. This content will be described in detail in subsequent embodiments of this application.

[0069] In some feasible implementations, as shown in FIG3 , the first voltage access module 140 includes at least a first switch, and the second voltage access module 160 includes at least a second switch.

[0070] Optionally, the first voltage access module 140 can be directly a first switch, and the second voltage access module 160 can be directly a second switch, that is, the two poles of the battery pack 120 can be directly connected to the first signal line (not shown) and the second signal line (not shown) through the first switch and the second switch respectively.

[0071] Optionally, the first voltage access module 140 may further include a first switch 142 and a first resistor 144. The battery pack 120 is connected to the first resistor 144 and then connected to the first switch 142, or the battery pack 120 may also be connected to the first switch 142 and then connected to the first resistor 144. The second voltage access module 160 may further include a second switch 162 and a second resistor 164. The battery pack 120 is connected to the second switch 162 and then connected to the second resistor 164, or the battery pack 120 may also be connected to the second switch 162 and then connected to the second resistor 164. The number of first switches 142 and second switches 162 is not limited in this embodiment, as long as the purpose of controllably connecting the two poles of the battery pack 120 to the first signal line (not shown) and the second signal line (not shown) can be achieved. The first switch 142 and the second switch 162 can be implemented using metal oxide semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs or MOS transistors for short), or can be implemented using electronic components such as transistors and relays. There is no limitation here, as long as they can achieve the purpose of turning on and off according to the corresponding driving signal to achieve a controllable connection between the battery pack and the signal line.

[0072] In this embodiment, the first resistor 144 and the second resistor 164 can reduce the problem of excessive current when the battery pack is connected to the signal line. That is to say, the first resistor 144 and the second resistor 164 can be replaced by the first current limiting element and the second current limiting element respectively. There is no restriction on the number, connection method and element type of the current limiting elements. As long as the purpose of reducing the current when the battery pack 120 is connected to the signal line can be achieved, the implementation method is within the protection scope of this application.

[0073] In some feasible embodiments, the battery pack may further include a voltage divider module connected to the battery pack 120, and the voltage divider module is used to divide the output voltage of the battery pack 120, so that when the battery pack 120 is connected to the signal line, the voltage divider module can reduce the output current of the battery pack 120 to avoid damage or impact on the voltage measurement circuit 184.

[0074] Optionally, the positive electrode of the battery pack 120 is connected to the first access module through a voltage divider module, and the negative electrode of the battery pack 120 is directly connected to the second access module. The voltage divider module may include resistors connected in parallel or in series. Figures 4 and 5 show a feasible battery pack embodiment including a voltage divider module, where P can be the aforementioned battery pack 120. As shown in Figure 4, the first voltage access module 140 includes a first switch S 正 The second voltage access module 160 includes a second switch S 负 , resistor R1 and resistor R2 are connected in series to form the voltage divider module in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the voltage measured by the voltage measurement circuit 184 is the voltage across the voltage divider resistor R1, rather than the voltage across the battery pack P. Therefore, the circuit overhead of the voltage measurement circuit can be reduced, and the voltage measurement circuit can be avoided from being directly connected to the battery pack P, resulting in the risk of large current causing circuit damage. As an optional embodiment, based on the battery pack embodiment shown in Figure 4, the voltage access module can further include a resistor. As shown in Figure 5, the first voltage access module 140 includes a first switch S 正 and resistor R 正 The second voltage access module 160 includes a second switch S 负 and resistor R 负 .Resistor R 正 and resistor R 负 The current in the entire circuit can be further reduced.

[0075] In this embodiment, the battery pack 120 is connected to the signal line after passing through the voltage divider module. The reason for the voltage division is that if the voltage of a single battery pack is relatively high, or the system voltage is too high when multiple battery packs are used in series, the voltage measurement circuit 184 will be under excessive pressure, thereby causing damage to the voltage measurement circuit 184.

[0076] In one embodiment, the detection and judgment module as described above includes a BMS182 and a voltage measurement circuit 184, wherein the voltage measurement circuit includes at least an operational amplifier for obtaining the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line; the microprocessor MCU of the BMS is used to determine the connection mode between the multiple battery packs and / or the relative positions between the multiple battery packs based on the voltage value.

[0077] Specifically, as shown in the voltage measurement circuit structure diagram of the detection and judgment module in Figure 6, the microprocessor MCU (Microcontroller Unit) can be the MCU in the BMS of the battery pack. The first input terminal (reverse input terminal) of the operational amplifier is connected to the resistor R3, and the resistor R3 is connected to the switch S1. The switch S1 can be connected to any one of the first signal line and the second signal line and the output terminal of the first voltage access module 140. The second input terminal (non-inverting input terminal) of the operational amplifier is connected to the balancing resistor R5, and the balancing resistor R5 is respectively connected to the switch S2 and the pull-down resistor R6. The switch S2 is connected to the other of the first signal line and the second signal line and the output terminal of the second voltage access module 160. As a preferred embodiment, the first input terminal of the operational amplifier is controllably connected to the first signal line through the resistor R3 and the first switch S1, and the second input terminal is controllably connected through the balancing resistor R5 and the second switch S2. The pull-down resistor R6 is grounded. The output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the microprocessor MCU through the resistor R7, and is used to represent the numerical value V of the voltage difference between the first signal line and the second signal line measured by the voltage measurement circuit. out Output to MCU. MCU gets the value V out After that, the connection mode and / or relative position of the plurality of battery packs can be determined based on the voltage value. The specific determination method will be described in detail in the subsequent embodiments and will not be repeated here. The detection and determination module further includes a feedback resistor R4, one end of which is connected to the first input terminal of the operational amplifier and the other end is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier.

[0078] As for the battery pack described above, when multiple battery packs are connected to each other, by connecting the battery group of each battery pack to the signal line through the voltage access module and measuring the voltage value of the signal line, the connection method between each battery pack and / or the relative position between each of the battery packs can be determined, thereby facilitating the battery system to better manage the charging and discharging of each battery pack in the battery system.

[0079] In another embodiment of the present application, referring to FIG. 7 , the present application further provides a battery system comprising: a plurality of battery packs 100, a signal line, and a detection and judgment module 220. The plurality of battery packs 100 are directly or indirectly connected. A signal line is controllably connected to each battery pack 100. The detection and judgment module is configured to obtain a voltage value of the signal line, determine a connection method between the plurality of battery packs based on the voltage value, and further determine the relative positions of the plurality of battery packs based on the voltage value.

[0080] In some embodiments, the direct or indirect connection between multiple battery packs 100 may be in series, in parallel, and / or in series. Specifically, the connection between multiple battery packs 100 may be in series, in parallel, in series first and then in parallel, or in parallel first and then in series. The specific connection method is not limited in this embodiment, and the user can set the connection method between multiple battery packs based on actual application scenarios and power requirements. A typical application scenario is that users expand the capacity of the original battery system. Generally speaking, with the increase in battery usage time, the increase in the number or power of power-consuming devices, and other factors, the original battery system will no longer be able to meet the power demand. At this time, the user will purchase a new battery pack to expand the capacity of the original battery system. However, since it is impossible to ensure that every user reads the operating guide and handles it according to the operating guide, and it is also impossible to ensure that every user has a certain basic knowledge of electrical theory and necessary electrical tools, there may be unreasonable or incorrect connections between battery packs during the expansion process. For example, battery packs that should have been connected in series are connected in parallel, and battery packs that should have been connected in parallel are connected in series. The number of battery packs in each parallel battery pack group in the hybrid system is different.

[0081] In some embodiments, multiple battery packs 100 can be communicatively connected. For example, each battery pack 100 has a built-in RS485 or CAN communication chip, and the battery packs are connected to each other via the RS485 or CAN communication bus to form a communication connection.

[0082] In some embodiments, the battery system may further include a power busbar, which is used to connect the battery system to a load, a power conversion module, or a power grid. The load, the power conversion module, or the power grid is used to charge or discharge the battery system.

[0083] In some embodiments, a signal line is controllably connected to each battery pack 100. This controllable connection typically means that the circuitry connecting each battery pack 100 to the signal line is controllably connected. When a battery pack 100 receives a first type of signal, it connects to the signal line; when it receives a second type of signal, it disconnects from the signal line. This allows for a controllable connection between each battery pack 100 and the signal line. When a battery pack 100 is connected to the signal line, its output voltage can be applied to the signal line and detected by the detection and judgment module 220.

[0084] The detection and judgment module 220 is used to obtain the voltage value of the signal line, execute a corresponding judgment strategy according to the voltage value, and further determine the connection mode between the multiple battery packs and the relative position relationship between the multiple battery packs.

[0085] In some embodiments, since each battery pack 100 is controllably connected to the signal line, different battery packs 100 can be controlled to be connected to the signal line in sequence to obtain the voltage value of the corresponding signal line.

[0086] In some embodiments, a battery pack includes a battery pack 120, a first voltage access module 140, and a second voltage access module 160; the signal lines include at least one first signal line and at least one second signal line. The positive electrode of the battery pack 120 is controllably connected to the first signal line via the first voltage access module 140, and the negative electrode of the battery pack 120 is controllably connected to the second signal line via the second voltage access module 160. The first voltage access module 140 includes at least a first switch 142, and the second voltage access module 160 includes at least a second switch 162.

[0087] In other embodiments, the connection method between the positive and negative electrodes of the battery pack 120 and the voltage access module can be swapped. For example, the negative electrode of the battery pack 120 is controllably connected to the first signal line via the first voltage access module 140, and the positive electrode of the battery pack 120 is controllably connected to the second signal line via the second voltage access module 160. The first voltage access module 140 includes at least a first switch 142, and the second voltage access module 160 includes at least a second switch 162. The first switch 142 and the second switch 162 can be turned on or off according to a control signal, thereby connecting or disconnecting the two electrodes (positive and negative electrodes) of the battery pack 120 to the first signal line and the second signal line.

[0088] Optionally, as shown in FIG8 , communication connections can be established between each battery pack 100, and between the battery pack 100 and the detection and judgment module 220, for example, via an RS485 or CAN communication bus. It is understood that communication connections between each battery pack 100, and between the battery pack 100 and the detection and judgment module 220, can also be established via other wired or wireless methods. The specific communication methods between each battery pack and between the battery pack and the detection and judgment module 220 are not limited in this embodiment. Through this communication connection, multiple functions such as host competition, address allocation, control signal transmission, and operational data transmission can be performed between each battery pack 100 and between the battery pack 100 and the detection and judgment module 220.

[0089] In the embodiment shown in FIG8 , the detection and judgment module 220 is provided as an independent module in the power supply system. In a specific implementation, the independent module can be a control box with a display screen. The control box can be separated from the multiple battery packs and can be installed and controlled separately. The control box has a wiring port for connecting to the first signal line and the second signal line. The display screen can be used to display the acquired voltage value of the signal line, the status parameters of the battery system, the status parameters of each battery pack 100 in the battery system, and the connection status between the battery packs 100. In addition, the control box can also establish a communication connection with the user's mobile terminal through methods such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC, etc., so that the user can obtain information such as the operating status and operating parameters of the entire battery system or the battery packs 100 in the battery system through the mobile terminal, and can also remotely control the battery system or the battery packs 100 in the battery system.

[0090] In some embodiments, the detection and judgment module 220 may also be provided in at least one battery pack 100 in the battery system. The battery pack 100 may be the battery pack 100 in any one of the embodiments shown in Figures 1 to 3. In such an embodiment, the detection and judgment module 220 may be connected to the signal line via the voltage access module of the battery pack 100. In other words, the battery pack 100 may be provided with only two connection ports, which may be used to connect the battery pack 120 of the battery pack 100 to the signal line and also to connect the detection and judgment module 220 of the battery pack 100 to the signal line.

[0091] In some embodiments, the detection and judgment module 220 can be installed in one battery pack 100 of the battery system. In this case, the battery pack 100 equipped with the detection and judgment module 220 can serve as the control master for the entire battery system. The other battery packs 100 serve as slaves. The slaves can communicate with and be controlled by the control master, thereby reducing the cost and control complexity of the battery system.

[0092] In some embodiments, a detection and judgment module 220 can be provided in each battery pack 100 of the battery system. In this case, each battery pack 100 needs to compete to select a control host through a communication connection, and the other battery packs 100 act as slaves and accept the control of the control host. Therefore, when the control host fails, the control host can be switched to other battery packs to ensure the stability of the operation of the entire battery system.

[0093] In some embodiments, each battery pack 100 in the battery system further includes a voltage divider module connected in series with the battery pack, the positive electrode of the battery pack is controllably connected to the first signal line via the voltage divider module and the first voltage access module, and the negative electrode of the battery pack is controllably connected to the second signal line via the second voltage access module. In some embodiments, the positive electrode of the battery pack of each battery pack 100 in the battery system is connected to the first access module via the voltage divider module, and the negative electrode of the battery pack is directly connected to the second access module. The voltage divider module may include resistors connected in parallel or in series. Figures 4 and 5 show a feasible embodiment of a battery pack 100 including a voltage divider module, wherein P may be the aforementioned battery pack 120. As shown in Figure 4, the first voltage access module 140 includes a first switch S 正 The second voltage access module 160 includes a second switch S 负 , resistor R1 and resistor R2 are connected in series to form the voltage divider module in this embodiment. In this embodiment, the voltage measured by the voltage measurement circuit 184 is the voltage across the voltage divider resistor R1, rather than the voltage across the battery pack P. Therefore, the circuit overhead of the voltage measurement circuit can be reduced, and the risk of damage to the circuit caused by large current caused by the voltage measurement circuit being directly connected to the battery pack P can be avoided. As an optional embodiment, based on the battery pack embodiment shown in Figure 4, the voltage access module can further include a resistor. As shown in Figure 5, the first voltage access module 140 includes a first switch S 正 and resistor R 正 The second voltage access module 160 includes a second switch S 负 and resistor R 负 .Resistor R 正 and resistor R 负 The current in the entire circuit can be further reduced.

[0094] In this embodiment, the battery pack 120 is connected to the signal line after passing through the voltage divider module. The reason for the voltage division is that if the voltage of a single battery pack 100 is relatively high, or the system voltage is too high when multiple battery packs 100 are used in series, the voltage measurement circuit 184 will be subjected to excessive voltage, thereby causing damage to the voltage measurement circuit 184.

[0095] In some embodiments, the detection and judgment module 220 includes at least an operational amplifier and a microprocessor, the first input end of the operational amplifier is connected to the first signal line, and the second input end of the operational amplifier is connected to the second signal line, for obtaining the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line; the microprocessor is used to determine the connection mode between the multiple battery packs according to the voltage value, and determine the relative position between the multiple battery packs according to the voltage value.

[0096] For the specific implementation of the detection and judgment module 220, please refer to the embodiment shown in Figure 6. As shown in Figure 6, the first input terminal of the operational amplifier can generally be an inverting input terminal, and the second input terminal can generally be a non-inverting input terminal; as an optional embodiment, the first input terminal of the operational amplifier can also be a non-inverting input terminal, and the second input terminal can also be an inverting input terminal.

[0097] Furthermore, in the embodiment shown in FIG6 , the first input terminal of the operational amplifier is controllably connected to the first signal line via the resistor R3 and the first switch S1, and the second input terminal is controllably connected to the second signal line via the balancing resistor R5 and the second switch S2, thereby the operational amplifier can collect the voltage difference between the first signal line and the second signal line, and generate a sampled value V representing the voltage difference. out The voltage difference is output to the microprocessor MCU. Based on the voltage difference, the MCU can determine the connection mode between the battery packs currently connected to the signal line and / or the relative positions between the multiple battery packs.

[0098] Optionally, the voltage values ​​of the first signal line and the second signal line can be directly connected to an operational amplifier through a resistor, or they can be subjected to a proportional voltage division and then connected to an operational amplifier for a subtraction to calculate the voltage value.

[0099] When connecting to an operational amplifier for subtraction, the output of the first stage operational amplifier can be raised to a positive voltage by another stage operational amplifier, and then scaled down. This allows for better voltage measurement.

[0100] The specific implementation of the detection and judgment module 220 can be found in the specific structure of the voltage measurement circuit 184 shown in FIG6 . The switch S1 in the detection and judgment module 220 is connected to the first signal line. The switch S2 in the detection and judgment module 220 is connected to the second signal line. The MCU in the detection and judgment module 220 is connected to the communication bus. The specific connection structure and limitations of the battery pack in this embodiment can be found in the aforementioned embodiments of the battery pack and will not be repeated here.

[0101] In one embodiment, the voltage measurement circuit 184 and the BMS 182 in the battery pack described above constitute the detection and judgment module 220 in this embodiment, and their specific structures and functions are the same. Therefore, as an optional embodiment, the detection and judgment module 220 can be disposed within at least one first battery pack among the plurality of battery packs 100, that is, the connection mode and / or the relative positions between the plurality of battery packs can be determined by the voltage measurement circuit 184 and the BMS 182 in one or more battery packs (such battery pack can be the first battery pack) among the plurality of battery packs 100.

[0102] Generally speaking, the battery packs in a battery system all use battery packs with the same rated voltage, and due to the presence of balancing control, the battery pack voltage values ​​of each battery pack in the entire battery system are essentially the same. In other words, even if the voltage values ​​of each battery pack are different, the voltage difference between any two battery packs is within a very small range. For example, for a battery pack with a rated voltage of 12V, the voltage difference between any two battery packs generally does not exceed 2V, and in most cases, does not exceed 1V. Therefore, the voltage value obtained by the detection and judgment module 220 should generally be or should be close to an integer multiple of the voltage of a single battery pack, thereby determining the connection method and / or relative position of each battery pack.

[0103] In some embodiments, the detection and judgment module 220 may be disposed within at least one first battery pack among the plurality of battery packs 100. The detection and judgment module 220 is configured to control the first voltage access module 140 of the first battery pack to connect to the first signal line, and to communicate with at least one second battery pack among the plurality of battery packs so that the second battery pack controls the second voltage access module 160 of the second battery pack to connect to the second signal line. The detection and judgment module 220 is further configured to obtain the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine the connection mode between the first and second battery packs and / or the relative position between the first and second battery packs based on the voltage value. The first battery pack can act as a control master to control other slave battery packs, including at least one second battery pack.

[0104] Specifically, the detection and judgment module 220 is disposed in at least one first battery pack of the battery system (i.e., the voltage measurement circuit 184 and the BMS 182 in the first battery pack). The detection and judgment module 220 controls the first switch 142 in the first voltage access module 140 in the first battery pack to close (or turn on), thereby connecting the positive electrode of the battery pack 120 of the first battery pack to the first signal line via the first voltage access module 140. Furthermore, the detection and judgment module 220 communicates with at least one second battery pack among the multiple battery packs, causing the second battery pack to control the second switch 162 in its own second voltage access module 160 to close (or turn on), thereby connecting the negative electrode of the battery pack 120 of the second battery pack to the second signal line via the second voltage access module 160. Communication with the second battery pack can be achieved via wired or wireless communication. Wired communication can be achieved, for example, via a CAN bus or RS485 bus connection.

[0105] The detection and judgment module 220 is further used to obtain the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine the connection mode between the first battery pack and the second battery pack and / or the relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack according to the voltage value.

[0106] Specifically, as described above, when the positive pole of the first battery pack is connected to the first signal line, and the negative pole of the second battery pack is connected to the second signal line, the detection and judgment module 220 can obtain the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and then execute the corresponding strategy based on the voltage value to determine the connection method between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, as well as the relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0107] Specifically, in this embodiment, as a first scenario, assuming the first and second battery packs are connected in parallel, and the detection and judgment module 220 is located in the first battery pack (i.e., the first battery pack serves as the control host), when the positive electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the first signal line, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the second signal line, the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module 220 should be negative, and the absolute value of this voltage value should be close to the voltage value of the first battery pack (or the second battery pack, since the voltage values ​​of the first and second battery packs are substantially the same). Therefore, by obtaining the signal line voltage value through the control host's detection and judgment module, the connection relationship between the other slave battery packs and the control host battery pack can be determined. Furthermore, if the obtained signal line voltage value is equal to or close to the negative voltage value of a battery pack, it can be determined that the slave battery pack and the control host battery pack are connected in parallel.

[0108] As a second scenario, assuming that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series, and the detection and judgment module 220 is disposed in the first battery pack (i.e., the first battery pack serves as the control host), when the positive electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the first signal line, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the second signal line, if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module 220 is zero or close to zero, it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is directly connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack, and no other battery packs and / or battery pack groups are connected in series between the second battery pack and the first battery pack; if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module 220 is negative, and the absolute value of the voltage is N times or close to N times the voltage of a single battery pack (N is a number greater than or equal to 2), it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack, and there are N-2 battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the positive electrode of the second battery pack and the negative electrode of the first battery pack. If the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module 220 is a positive value, and the voltage value is M times or close to M times the voltage of a single battery pack (M is a number greater than or equal to 1), it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack, and there are M battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative electrode of the second battery pack and the positive electrode of the first battery pack.

[0109] Based on the judgment strategy executed by the aforementioned detection and judgment module, it can be seen that the detection and judgment module 220 is used to control the first voltage access module 140 of the first battery pack to connect to the first signal line and communicate with at least one second battery pack among the plurality of battery packs, so that the second battery pack controls the second voltage access module 160 of the second battery pack to connect to the second signal line. Due to the different connection methods of the first and second battery packs, the voltage values ​​between the first and second signal lines obtained by the detection and judgment module 220 are also completely different. Therefore, by using a battery pack with an internal detection and judgment module as a control host to measure the voltage value of the signal line, the connection method between other slave battery packs and the control host battery pack and / or the relative position between other slave battery packs and the control host battery pack (i.e., the number of battery packs connected in series or in parallel between the slave battery pack and the control host battery pack) can be determined based on this voltage value.

[0110] As a further possible implementation, after determining the connection mode between the first battery pack and the second battery pack and / or the relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, it also includes: the detection and judgment module 220 is used to communicate with the at least one second battery pack so that the second battery pack controls the second voltage access module 160 of the second battery pack to disconnect from the second signal line; the detection and judgment module 220 is also used to communicate with at least one third battery pack of the multiple battery packs so that the third battery pack controls the second voltage access module 160 of the third battery pack to connect to the second signal line; the detection and judgment module 220 is also used to obtain the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine the connection mode between the first battery pack and the third battery pack and / or the relative position between the first battery pack and the third battery pack based on the voltage value.

[0111] In this embodiment, to determine the connection mode and / or relative position of each battery pack in the entire battery system, the first battery pack, acting as the master control, needs to sequentially detect and determine each slave battery pack. Therefore, after determining the connection mode and / or relative position between the first and second battery packs, it is necessary to disconnect the second battery pack from the signal line and connect the third battery pack to the signal line, thereby further determining the connection mode and / or relative position between the first and third battery packs. The specific strategy for determining the connection mode and relative position is identical to the strategy described above for the second battery pack and will not be repeated here.

[0112] Repeat the above steps, use the first battery pack as the control host, control the other slave battery packs to connect to the signal line in turn, and measure the voltage of the signal line to determine the connection method and / or relative position of each slave battery pack and the first battery pack (control host). In this way, the connection method and / or relative position of each battery pack in the entire battery system can be determined.

[0113] As another possible implementation, the detection and judgment module 220 is arranged inside at least one first battery pack among the multiple battery packs, and the detection and judgment module 220 is used to control the second voltage access module 160 of the first battery pack to connect to the second signal line, and communicate with at least one second battery pack among the multiple battery packs, so that the second battery pack controls the first voltage access module 140 of the second battery pack to connect to the first signal line; the detection and judgment module 220 is also used to obtain the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine the connection mode between the first battery pack and the second battery pack and / or the relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack according to the voltage value, wherein the first battery pack can serve as a control host to control other slave battery packs including at least one second battery pack.

[0114] Specifically, the detection and judgment module 220 is disposed in at least one first battery pack of the battery system (i.e., the voltage measurement circuit 184 and the BMS 182 in the first battery pack). The detection and judgment module 220 controls the second switch 162 in the second voltage access module 160 in the first battery pack to close (or turn on), thereby connecting the negative electrode of the battery pack 120 of the first battery pack to the second signal line via the second voltage access module 160. Furthermore, the detection and judgment module 220 communicates with at least one second battery pack among the plurality of battery packs, causing the second battery pack to control the first switch 142 in its first voltage access module 140 to close (or turn on), thereby connecting the positive electrode of the battery pack 120 of the second battery pack to the second signal line via the first voltage access module 140. Communication with the second battery pack can be achieved via wired or wireless communication. The wired communication can be achieved, for example, via a CAN bus or RS485 bus connection.

[0115] The detection and judgment module 220 is further used to obtain the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine the connection mode between the first battery pack and the second battery pack and / or the relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack according to the voltage value.

[0116] Specifically, as described above, after the negative electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the second signal line, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the first signal line, the detection and judgment module 220 can obtain the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and thus the voltage value between the first battery pack and the second battery pack. A corresponding strategy can then be executed based on the voltage value to determine the connection method between the first battery pack and the second battery pack and / or the relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0117] Specifically, in this embodiment, as a third scenario, assuming the first and second battery packs are connected in parallel, and the detection and judgment module 220 is located in the first battery pack (i.e., the first battery pack serves as the control host), when the negative electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the second signal line, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the first signal line, the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module 220 should be positive, and the absolute value of this voltage value should be close to the voltage value of the first battery pack (or the second battery pack, since the voltage values ​​of the first and second battery packs are substantially the same). Therefore, by obtaining the signal line voltage value through the control host's detection and judgment module, the connection relationship between the other slave battery packs and the control host battery pack can be determined. Furthermore, if the absolute value of the obtained signal line voltage value is equal to or close to the voltage value of a positive battery pack, it can be determined that the slave battery pack and the control host battery pack are connected in parallel.

[0118] As a fourth case, assuming that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series, and the detection and judgment module 220 is set in the first battery pack (that is, the first battery pack serves as the control host), when the negative electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the second signal line, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the first signal line, at this time, if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module 220 is zero or close to zero, it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is directly connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack, and there are no other battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the second battery pack and the first battery pack; if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module 220 is positive, and the voltage value is N times the voltage of a single battery pack times or close to N times (N is a number greater than or equal to 2), it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack, and there are N-2 battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative electrode of the second battery pack and the positive electrode of the first battery pack; if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module 220 is negative, and the absolute value of the voltage value is M times or close to M times (M is a number greater than or equal to 1) the voltage of a single battery pack, it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack, and there are M battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative electrode of the second battery pack and the positive electrode of the first battery pack.

[0119] Based on the judgment strategy executed by the aforementioned detection and judgment module, it can be seen that the detection and judgment module 220 is used to control the second voltage access module 160 of the first battery pack to connect to the second signal line and communicate with at least one second battery pack among the multiple battery packs, so that the second battery pack controls the first voltage access module 140 of the second battery pack to connect to the first signal line. Due to the different connection methods of the first and second battery packs, the voltage values ​​between the first and second signal lines obtained by the detection and judgment module 220 are also completely different. Therefore, by using the battery pack with the detection and judgment module as the control host to measure the voltage value of the signal line, the connection method between other slave battery packs and the control host battery pack and / or the relative position between other slave battery packs and the control host battery pack (i.e., the number of battery packs connected in series or in parallel between the slave battery pack and the control host battery pack) can be determined based on this voltage value.

[0120] As a further possible implementation, after determining the connection mode between the first battery pack and the second battery pack and / or the relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, it also includes: the detection and judgment module 220 is used to communicate with the at least one second battery pack so that the second battery pack controls the first voltage access module 140 of the second battery pack to disconnect from the first signal line; the detection and judgment module 220 is also used to communicate with at least one third battery pack among the multiple battery packs so that the third battery pack controls the first voltage access module 140 of the third battery pack to connect to the first signal line; the detection and judgment module 220 is also used to obtain the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine the connection mode between the first battery pack and the third battery pack and / or the relative position between the first battery pack and the third battery pack based on the voltage value.

[0121] In this embodiment, to determine the connection mode and / or relative position of each battery pack in the entire battery system, the first battery pack, acting as the master control, needs to sequentially detect and determine each slave battery pack. Therefore, after determining the connection mode and / or relative position between the first and second battery packs, it is necessary to disconnect the second battery pack from the signal line and connect the third battery pack to the signal line, thereby further determining the connection mode and / or relative position between the first and third battery packs. The specific strategy for determining the connection mode and relative position is identical to the strategy described above for the second battery pack and will not be repeated here.

[0122] Repeat the above steps, use the first battery pack as the control host, control the other slave battery packs to connect to the signal line in turn, and measure the voltage of the signal line to determine the connection method and / or relative position of each slave battery pack and the first battery pack (control host). In this way, the connection method and / or relative position of each battery pack in the entire battery system can be determined.

[0123] Optionally, the detection and judgment module 220 is not limited to being set in the battery pack, but can be set as an independent module in the battery system. The independent module can be a control box with a display screen. The control box can be separated from the multiple battery packs independently, can be installed and controlled separately, and has a wiring port for connecting to the first signal line and the second signal line; the control box can also communicate and control the multiple battery packs via wired or wireless means. The display screen can be used to display the obtained voltage value of the signal line, the status parameters of the battery system, the status parameters of each battery pack in the battery system, and the connection status between the battery packs. In addition, the control box can also establish a communication connection with the user's mobile terminal through methods such as Bluetooth, Wi-Fi, NFC, etc., so that the user can obtain information such as the operating status and operating parameters of the entire battery system through the mobile terminal, and can also remotely control the battery system or the battery packs in the battery system.

[0124] In another possible embodiment, the detection and judgment module 220 is provided as an independent module in the battery system. The detection and judgment module 220 is configured to communicate with at least one first battery pack and at least one second battery pack among the multiple battery packs, so that the first battery pack controls the first voltage access module 140 of the first battery pack to connect to the first signal line, and the second battery pack controls the second voltage access module 160 of the second battery pack to connect to the second signal line. The detection and judgment module 220 is further configured to obtain the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine the connection mode and / or relative position between the first and second battery packs based on the voltage value. In this embodiment, the detection and judgment module 220 acts as a control master to control the other slave battery packs, including the at least one first battery pack and the at least one second battery pack.

[0125] As a further possible implementation, after determining the connection mode between the first battery pack and the second battery pack and / or the relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, it also includes: the detection and judgment module 220 is used to communicate with the at least one second battery pack so that the second battery pack controls the second voltage access module 160 of the second battery pack to disconnect from the second signal line; the detection and judgment module 220 is also used to communicate with at least one third battery pack of the multiple battery packs so that the third battery pack controls the second voltage access module 160 of the third battery pack to connect to the second signal line; the detection and judgment module 220 is also used to obtain the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine the connection mode between the first battery pack and the third battery pack and / or the relative position between the first battery pack and the third battery pack based on the voltage value.

[0126] Repeat the above steps, using the detection and judgment module 220 as the control host and the first battery pack as the reference point to control the other slave battery packs to be connected to the signal line in turn, and measure the voltage of the signal line to determine the connection method and / or relative position of each slave battery pack and the first battery pack (reference point). In this way, the connection method and / or relative position of each battery pack in the entire battery system can be determined.

[0127] In another possible embodiment, the detection and judgment module 220 is provided as an independent module in the battery system. The detection and judgment module 220 is configured to communicate with at least one first battery pack and at least one second battery pack among the plurality of battery packs, so that the first battery pack controls the second voltage access module 160 of the first battery pack to connect to the second signal line, and the second battery pack controls the first voltage access module 140 of the second battery pack to connect to the first signal line. The detection and judgment module 220 is further configured to obtain the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine the connection mode and / or relative position between the first and second battery packs based on the voltage value. In this embodiment, the detection and judgment module 220 acts as a control master to control other slave battery packs, including the at least one first battery pack and the at least one second battery pack.

[0128] As a further possible implementation, after determining the connection mode between the first battery pack and the second battery pack and / or the relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, it also includes: the detection and judgment module 220 is used to communicate with the at least one second battery pack so that the second battery pack controls the first voltage access module 140 of the second battery pack to disconnect from the first signal line; the detection and judgment module 220 is also used to communicate with at least one third battery pack of the multiple battery packs so that the third battery pack controls the first voltage access module 140 of the third battery pack to connect to the first signal line; the detection and judgment module 220 is also used to obtain the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine the connection mode between the first battery pack and the third battery pack and / or the relative position between the first battery pack and the third battery pack based on the voltage value.

[0129] Repeat the above steps, using the detection and judgment module 220 as the control host and the first battery pack as the reference point to control the other slave battery packs to be connected to the signal line in turn, and measure the voltage of the signal line to determine the connection method and / or relative position of each slave battery pack and the first battery pack (reference point). In this way, the connection method and / or relative position of each battery pack in the entire battery system can be determined.

[0130] It should be noted that, in an embodiment in which the detection and judgment module is arranged in the battery system as an independent module, how to determine the connection mode and / or relative position of the battery pack based on the obtained voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line is exactly the same as the determination method in the aforementioned embodiment in which the detection and judgment module is arranged inside at least one first battery pack among the multiple battery packs. In addition, regarding how to communicate specifically in this embodiment, please refer to the communication method with the second battery pack in the above embodiment. The above content will not be repeated here. For the remaining specific implementation methods, please refer to the steps in the above implementation method.

[0131] It should be further noted that although the voltage values ​​of each battery pack in the battery system are substantially the same or similar, there are still non-negligible voltage differences. Therefore, the absolute value of the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module is not necessarily an exact integer multiple of the voltage of a battery pack. To address this issue, the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module can be divided by the voltage of a single battery pack and rounded to the nearest integer to determine the specific multiple (i.e., N times, M times, or zero as mentioned above). For example, for a battery pack with a voltage of 12V, if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module is 32.5V, 32.5 / 12≈2.708 is calculated, and then rounded off to determine 3 times the battery pack voltage; if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module is 1.5V, 1.5 / 12≈0.125 is calculated, and then rounded off to determine the voltage value is 0; if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module is -7.5V, the absolute value is first taken and then 7.5 / 12≈0.625 is calculated, and then rounded off to determine 1 times the battery pack voltage; and so on, which can help to more accurately determine the measured signal line voltage value.

[0132] The battery system described above connects each of the multiple battery packs to a signal line in a controllable manner, obtains the voltage value of the signal line, and determines the connection mode and / or relative position of the multiple battery packs based on the voltage value. Through this method, after the user connects the battery packs at will, without any other operation, the connection status of each battery pack can be automatically identified, and the connection mode and / or relative position of each battery pack in the entire battery system can be determined, thereby enabling more precise management of the battery system.

[0133] Optionally, the present application also proposes another embodiment, as shown in FIG9 , in another case, the battery pack 100 in the battery system may include: a battery pack 320, a voltage access module 340, a voltage sampling module 360, and a detection and judgment module 380. The positive electrode of the battery pack 320 is controllably connected to the signal line via the voltage access module, and the negative electrode of the battery pack is controllably connected to the signal line via the voltage sampling module. It should be noted that the specific definition of the controllable connection can be referred to the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0134] In some embodiments, referring to FIG10 , the voltage access module 340 may include at least a third switch 342 for controlling the controllable connection between the voltage access module 340 and the signal line (not shown). The voltage sampling module 360 ​​may include at least a voltage sampling circuit and a fourth switch 362, the fourth switch 362 being used to control the controllable connection between the voltage sampling module 360 ​​and the signal line (not shown); the voltage sampling circuit may be composed of a fourth resistor 364 and a fifth resistor 366 connected in series. The detection and judgment module 380 is used to detect the voltage between the fourth resistor 364 and the fifth resistor 366, and calculate the voltage value mapped to the signal line based on the voltage division principle, which will be described in detail in the following embodiments. It should be noted that the detection and judgment module 380 in this embodiment is disposed inside at least one of the multiple battery packs in the battery system, and can be implemented by the battery management system (BMS) of the battery pack. Optionally, the voltage sampling circuit in this embodiment may also be the voltage measurement circuit 184 mentioned in the above embodiment, and the voltage sampling circuit will not be repeated here.

[0135] Optionally, the voltage access module 340 may be directly the third switch 342. The positive and negative poles of the battery pack 320 may be controllably connected to the signal line via the third switch 342 and the voltage sampling module 360, respectively.

[0136] Optionally, the voltage access module 340 may include a third switch 342 and a third resistor 344. The battery pack 320 is connected to the third resistor 344 and then connected to the third switch 342. The battery pack may also be connected to the third switch 342 and then connected to the third resistor 344. The voltage sampling module 360 ​​may include a fourth switch 362 and a voltage sampling circuit. The battery pack 320 may be connected to the fourth switch 362 and the voltage sampling circuit in sequence, or may be connected to the voltage sampling circuit and the fourth switch 362 in sequence. The order of sequential connection is not limited in this embodiment. In addition, the number of third switches and fourth switches is not limited in this embodiment, as long as the two poles of the battery pack 320 can be controllably connected to the signal line.

[0137] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG11 , the power interfaces of multiple battery packs (on the left side of the battery packs in FIG11 ) are connected to a power bus to form a battery system. It should be noted that the specific connection method between the multiple battery packs shown in FIG11 does not constitute a specific limitation to this embodiment, but is only used to illustrate that the multiple battery packs may be connected in series, in parallel, first in series to form a battery pack and then in parallel, or first in parallel to form a battery pack and then in series. In addition, the two poles of the battery packs of the multiple battery packs are controllably connected to the signal line through the voltage access module 340 and the voltage sampling module 360 ​​(on the right side of the battery pack in FIG11 ). It should be noted that in this embodiment, only one signal line is required, that is, the positive and negative poles of the battery packs in each battery pack are controllably connected to the same signal line. When determining the connection mode and / or relative position between the multiple battery packs, the first battery pack in the battery system is used as a reference point, and the detection and judgment module of the first battery pack (BMS in the first battery pack) is used to control the voltage sampling module of the first battery pack to connect to the signal line; the detection and judgment module is also used to communicate with at least one second battery pack among the multiple battery packs, so that the second battery pack controls the voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the signal line; the detection and judgment module is also used to obtain the voltage value of the signal line, and determine the connection mode and / or relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value. The specific determination principle will be described in detail below. As another implementation method, the detection and judgment module of the first battery pack (the BMS in the first battery pack) is used to control the voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the signal line; the detection and judgment module is also used to communicate with at least one second battery pack among the multiple battery packs, so that the second battery pack controls the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack to connect to the signal line; the detection and judgment module is also used to communicate with the second battery pack to obtain the voltage value of the signal line detected by the detection and judgment module of the second battery pack, and determine the connection method and / or relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value.

[0138] The technical solution of this embodiment is described below using a specific implementation method. This implementation method uses the example of connecting the positive electrode of each battery pack to the voltage access module and the negative electrode of each battery pack to the voltage sampling module. However, it should be understood that this embodiment is not limited to this method. Since the two electrodes of the battery pack 320 of each battery pack are controllably connected to the signal line, the BMS in the detection and judgment module can control the fourth switch 362 in the voltage sampling module 360 ​​of the first battery pack to close (conduct), thereby connecting the negative electrode of the battery pack 320 of the first battery pack to the signal line through the voltage sampling module 360. The first battery pack can also communicate with the second battery pack by closing (conducting) the third switch 342 of the voltage access module 340 of the second battery pack, thereby connecting the positive electrode of the battery pack of the second battery pack to the signal line through the voltage access module. The first and second battery packs can communicate via a wired or wireless communication method. Wired communication can be achieved, for example, via a CAN bus or RS485 bus connection.

[0139] The detection and judgment module 380 is further configured to obtain the voltage value of the signal line measured by the voltage sampling module of the first battery pack, and determine at least one selected from the group consisting of the connection mode and relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value.

[0140] Specifically, as described above, after the negative electrode of the battery pack 320 of the first battery pack and the positive electrode of the battery pack 320 of the second battery pack are connected to the signal line, the voltage sampling module 360 ​​of the first battery pack can obtain the voltage value on the signal line and transmit the voltage value to the detection and judgment module 380 through the input / output port of the detection and judgment module 380. The detection and judgment module 380 can execute a judgment strategy based on the voltage value, determine the connection mode between the first battery pack and the second battery pack according to the judgment strategy, and / or determine the relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack according to the judgment strategy.

[0141] In an optional embodiment, the detection and judgment module is disposed inside at least one first battery pack among the plurality of battery packs;

[0142] The detection and judgment module is used to control the voltage sampling module of the first battery pack to connect to the signal line;

[0143] The detection and judgment module is used to communicate with at least one second battery pack among the plurality of battery packs, so that the second battery pack controls the voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the signal line;

[0144] The detection and judgment module is further used to obtain the voltage value of the signal line measured by the voltage sampling module of the first battery pack, and determine at least one selected from the group consisting of the connection mode and relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value.

[0145] Specifically, the detection and judgment module 380 can be a BMS built into the first battery pack, which is used to control the voltage sampling module 360 ​​of the first battery pack to connect the negative electrode of the battery pack of the first battery pack to the signal line. Then the first battery pack can communicate with multiple second battery packs in sequence. The first battery pack closes the voltage access module 340 in one second battery pack each time to connect the positive electrode of the second battery pack to the signal line. At this time, the second battery pack can map its own voltage to the signal line. The detection and judgment module 380 in the first battery pack can sequentially obtain the voltage value collected by the first battery pack on the signal line between each second battery pack. The voltage value can represent the actual voltage value between the negative electrode of the first battery pack and the positive electrode of the second battery pack after the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected to each other. In this way, the connection method and / or relative position relationship between the first battery pack and each second battery pack can be determined based on the voltage value and the judgment strategy.

[0146] For example, in the first case, assuming the first and second battery packs are connected in parallel, the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module in the first battery pack should be positive, and the absolute value of this voltage value should be close to the voltage value of the first battery pack (or the second battery pack, since the voltage values ​​of the first and second battery packs are substantially the same). Therefore, if the voltage value of the acquired signal line is positive and equal to or close to the voltage value of one battery pack, it can be determined that the first and second battery packs are connected in parallel.

[0147] In the second case, it is assumed that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series. At this time, if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module in the first battery pack is zero. It can be determined that the second battery pack and the first battery pack are connected in series, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is directly connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack, and there are no other battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack. If the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module in the first battery pack is positive, and the voltage value is N times or close to N times the voltage of a single battery pack (N is a number greater than or equal to 2), it can be determined that the second battery pack and the first battery pack are connected in series, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected in series to the positive electrode side of the first battery pack, and there are a total of N-2 battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative electrode of the second battery pack and the positive electrode of the first battery pack. If the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module is negative, and the absolute value of the voltage value is M times or close to M times the voltage of a single battery pack (M is a number greater than or equal to 1), it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected in series to the negative electrode side of the first battery pack, and there are M battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the positive electrode of the second battery pack and the negative electrode of the first battery pack.

[0148] In another optional embodiment, the detection and judgment module is disposed inside at least one first battery pack among the plurality of battery packs;

[0149] The detection and judgment module is used to control the voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the signal line;

[0150] The detection and judgment module is used to communicate with at least one second battery pack among the plurality of battery packs, so that the second battery pack controls the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack to connect to the signal line.

[0151] The detection and judgment module is further used to obtain the voltage value of the signal line measured by the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack, and determine at least one selected from the group consisting of the connection mode and relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value.

[0152] Specifically, the detection and judgment module 380 may be a BMS built into the first battery pack, configured to control the closure (conduction) of the third switch 342 in the voltage access module 340 of the first battery pack, thereby connecting the positive electrode of the battery pack of the first battery pack to the signal line via the voltage access module 340. The first battery pack may also send a control instruction to the second battery pack via a communication connection (CAN or RS485) with the second battery pack, causing the second battery pack to control the closure (conduction) of the fourth switch 362 in the voltage sampling module 360 ​​of the second battery pack according to the control instruction, thereby connecting the negative electrode of the battery pack of the second battery pack to the signal line via the voltage sampling module 360.

[0153] Specifically, as described above, after the positive electrode of the first battery pack and the negative electrode of the second battery pack are connected to the signal line, the voltage sampling module 360 ​​of the second battery pack can obtain the voltage value on the signal line. The first battery pack can communicate with the second battery pack so that the detection and judgment module 380 of the first battery pack can obtain the voltage value and then determine the connection mode and / or relative position relationship between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value and the corresponding judgment strategy.

[0154] In some embodiments, the detection and judgment module 380 is disposed in the first battery pack (i.e., the first battery pack serves as the control host). The first battery pack can close the third switch 342 of its own voltage access module 340 to connect the positive electrode of the first battery pack to the signal line. The first battery pack can then sequentially communicate with the second battery pack, closing the fourth switch 362 of the voltage sampling module 360 ​​in the second battery pack to connect the negative electrode of the second battery pack to the signal line. The detection and judgment module in the first battery pack can sequentially obtain the voltage value collected by each second battery pack relative to the first battery pack.

[0155] When the positive electrode of the first battery pack and the negative electrode of the second battery pack are connected to the signal line, the voltage sampling module 360 ​​of the second battery pack is connected to the signal line. Therefore, the voltage sampling module in the second battery pack can obtain the voltage value on the signal line. The detection and judgment module 380 of the first battery pack can sequentially obtain the voltage value on the signal line obtained by the voltage sampling module in each second battery pack through the communication connection with each second battery pack. This voltage value can represent the actual voltage value between the positive electrode of the first battery pack and the negative electrode of the second battery pack after the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected to each other. In this way, the connection method and / or relative position relationship between the first battery pack and each second battery pack can be determined based on the voltage value and the judgment strategy.

[0156] For example, in the third scenario, assuming the first and second battery packs are connected in parallel, the voltage value obtained by the BMS in the detection and judgment module of the first battery pack should be positive and close to the voltage value of the second battery pack (or the first battery pack, because the first and second battery packs are usually the same model and have substantially the same voltage value). If the voltage value of the signal line obtained is equal to or close to the negative voltage value of one of the battery packs, it can be determined that the first and second battery packs are connected in parallel.

[0157] In the fourth case, it is assumed that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series. In this case, if the voltage value measured by the second battery pack obtained by the detection and judgment module is zero or close to zero, it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is directly connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack, and there are no other battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the second battery pack and the first battery pack. If the voltage value obtained by the detection and judgment module is negative, and the absolute value of the voltage value is M times the voltage of the first battery pack (M is a number greater than or equal to 1), it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected in series to the positive electrode side of the first battery pack, and there are a total of M battery packs and / or battery groups connected in series between the positive electrode of the first battery pack and the negative electrode of the second battery pack. If the voltage value obtained by the detection and judgment module is positive, and the voltage value is N times or close to N times the voltage of a single battery pack (N is a number greater than or equal to 2), it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected in series to the negative electrode side of the first battery pack, and there are N-2 battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the positive electrode of the second battery pack and the negative electrode of the first battery pack.

[0158] Based on the judgment strategy executed by the above-mentioned detection and judgment module, it can be known that the detection and judgment module is used to control the voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the signal line. The detection and judgment module is used to communicate with at least one second battery pack among the multiple battery packs, so that the second battery pack controls the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack to connect to the signal line. The first battery pack and the second battery pack have different connection methods, and the voltage value on the signal line obtained by the detection and judgment module is also completely different. Therefore, the battery pack of the detection and judgment module is used as a battery pack to measure the voltage value of the signal line, and based on this voltage value, the connection method between other battery packs and this battery pack and / or the relative position between other battery packs and this battery pack can be determined.

[0159] It can be understood that by connecting one polarity end (which can be either positive or negative) of the battery pack of the first battery pack and the other polarity end (which can be either negative or positive) of the battery pack of the second battery pack to a signal line and detecting the voltage value on the signal line, the connection mode and / or relative position relationship between the first battery pack and the second battery pack can be determined; repeating the above steps, controlling the plurality of second battery packs to be connected to the signal line in sequence and determining the connection mode and / or relative position relationship of each second battery pack relative to the first battery pack, thereby determining the connection status of all battery packs in the entire battery system. It should be noted that the above examples only illustrate two specific implementations, but it is clear that this embodiment is not limited to these two implementations. Those skilled in the art will understand that the voltage access module and voltage sampling module connected to the positive and negative poles of each battery pack can be different, the polarity of each connection to the signal line can also be different, and which battery pack executes the judgment strategy can also be different. The principles based on them are the same and will not be repeated here. All of them should be included in the scope of this embodiment.

[0160] As a further possible embodiment, after determining the connection mode between the first and second battery packs and / or the relative positions between the first and second battery packs, the method further includes: the detection and judgment module is configured to communicate with the at least one second battery pack so that the second battery pack controls the voltage access module of the second battery pack to disconnect from the signal line. The detection and judgment module is also configured to communicate with at least one third battery pack among the plurality of battery packs so that the third battery pack controls the voltage access module of the third battery pack to connect to the signal line. The detection and judgment module is also configured to obtain a voltage value on the signal line and determine the connection mode between the first and third battery packs and / or the relative positions between the first and third battery packs based on the voltage value.

[0161] Alternatively, the detection and judgment module is configured to communicate with the at least one second battery pack so that the second battery pack controls the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack to disconnect from the signal line. The detection and judgment module is further configured to communicate with at least one third battery pack of the plurality of battery packs so that the third battery pack controls the voltage sampling module of the third battery pack to connect to the signal line. The detection and judgment module is further configured to obtain a voltage value on the signal line. The detection and judgment module is configured to determine the connection mode between the first battery pack and the third battery pack and / or the relative position between the first battery pack and the third battery pack based on the voltage value.

[0162] The specific connection method and relative position determination strategy of the first battery pack and the third battery pack are exactly the same as the determination strategy of the second battery pack described above, and will not be repeated here.

[0163] In this way, the above steps are repeated to obtain the voltage values ​​of the signal lines between the first battery pack and each second battery pack in turn, thereby determining the connection mode and / or relative position between each first battery pack and each second battery pack, thereby determining the connection mode and / or relative position of each battery pack in the entire battery system.

[0164] It should be further noted that although the voltage values ​​of each battery pack in the battery system are substantially the same or similar, there are still non-negligible voltage differences. Therefore, the absolute value of the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module is not necessarily an exact integer multiple of the voltage of a battery pack. To address this issue, the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module can be divided by the voltage of a single battery pack and rounded to the nearest integer to determine the specific multiple (i.e., N times, M times, or zero as mentioned above). For example, for a battery pack with a voltage of 12V, if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module is 32.5V, 32.5 / 12≈2.708 is calculated, and then rounded off to determine 3 times the battery pack voltage; if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module is 1.5V, 1.5 / 12≈0.125 is calculated, and then rounded off to determine the voltage value is 0; if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module is -7.5V, the absolute value is first taken and then 7.5 / 12≈0.625 is calculated, and then rounded off to determine 1 times the battery pack voltage; and so on, which can help to more accurately determine the measured signal line voltage value.

[0165] The battery system described above connects each of the multiple battery packs to a signal line in a controllable manner, obtains the voltage value of the signal line, and determines the connection mode and / or relative position of the multiple battery packs based on the voltage value. Through this method, after the user connects the battery packs at will, the connection status of each battery pack can be automatically identified without any other operation, and the connection structure between each battery pack in the entire battery system can be determined, thereby enabling more precise management of the battery system.

[0166] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG12 , a method for identifying the connection status of a battery pack is provided. This identification method may be illustrated using the battery system shown in FIG8 or FIG11 as an example, but is not limited thereto and may also be applied to any of the battery systems described above. Specifically, this method may be applied to at least one first battery pack in a battery system consisting of multiple battery packs, the battery system also including at least one second battery pack. The method includes the following steps:

[0167] S102, controlling the first battery pack and the second battery pack to connect with a signal line.

[0168] In this embodiment, the first battery pack can communicate with the second battery pack. Depending on the structure of the battery pack in different situations, the battery pack is connected to the signal line. Specifically, the first polarity end of the battery pack of the first battery pack and the second polarity end of the battery pack of the second battery pack are controlled to connect to the signal, wherein the first polarity end and the second polarity end are two relatively different polarity ends of the battery pack, the first polarity end is the positive pole or the negative pole, and the second polarity end is the negative pole or the positive pole. In this way, the voltage value between the first battery pack and the second battery pack can be mapped to the signal line. In some embodiments, for example, the battery pack is the battery pack of Figure 1, and the detection and judgment module in the first battery pack can control the first voltage access module or the second voltage access module in the first battery pack to be connected to the signal line. The detection and judgment module in the first battery pack can control the first voltage access module or the second voltage access module in the second battery pack to be connected to the signal line. In other embodiments, for example, if the battery pack is the battery pack shown in Figure 9 , the detection and judgment module in the first battery pack can control the voltage access module or voltage sampling module in the first battery pack to connect to the signal line. Correspondingly, the detection and judgment module in the first battery pack can control the voltage sampling module or voltage access module in the second battery pack to connect to the signal line. In this way, different polarity terminals of the first and second battery packs can be connected to the signal line.

[0169] S104: Acquire the voltage value of the signal line.

[0170] In this embodiment, according to different battery pack structures, the detection and judgment module in the first battery pack obtains the voltage value on the signal line. In some embodiments, the voltage measurement circuit 184 shown in Figure 3 can be used to obtain the voltage value on the signal line. In some other optional embodiments, the voltage measurement circuit shown in Figure 6 can be used to obtain the voltage value on the signal line. In some other optional embodiments, the voltage sampling module shown in Figure 9 can be used to obtain the voltage value on the signal line. This voltage value can represent the actual voltage value between the first polarity end of the first battery pack and the second polarity end of the second battery pack after the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected to each other.

[0171] S106 , determining a connection relationship between the first battery pack and the second battery pack according to the voltage value.

[0172] In this embodiment, the detection and judgment module in the first battery pack can automatically identify the connection status between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage pattern and voltage value of the series or parallel connection. Optionally, the connection status between the first battery pack and the second battery pack includes not only the connection method between the first battery pack and the second battery pack (such as series connection or parallel connection), but also the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack after connection, including whether the second battery pack is connected to the positive or negative side of the first battery pack, whether there are other battery packs between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and the number of other battery packs.

[0173] In the above-mentioned battery pack connection status identification method, by controlling the signal line connecting the first and second battery packs, the actual voltage value between the first polarity terminal of the first battery pack and the second polarity terminal of the second battery pack is mapped onto the signal line. The connection status between the first and second battery packs can then be determined based on the voltage value on the signal line. Therefore, after the user connects multiple battery packs to form a battery system, this solution can automatically identify the connection status between each battery pack, and further identify the connection structure between the battery system composed of multiple battery packs, without any additional operation, allowing for more precise management of the battery packs and the battery system.

[0174] In an optional embodiment, as shown in FIG13 , the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the first signal line through their own first voltage access modules and are controllably connected to the second signal line through their own second voltage access modules;

[0175] The controlling the signal line connecting the first battery pack and the second battery pack includes:

[0176] S202: Control the second voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the second signal line.

[0177] In this embodiment, the first battery pack may be the control host in the battery system, and the first battery pack communicates with other slave battery packs so that the slave battery packs act according to the instructions of the control host. When identifying the connection status of the battery packs, the first battery pack is used as a reference point, and the connection status of the other slave battery packs relative to the first battery pack is identified in sequence, thereby determining the connection status of each battery pack in the entire battery system. As a possible embodiment, the control may be that the control host controls the second voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the second signal line, and the control host may be the first battery pack or another battery pack or device. The second battery pack may generally be the battery pack whose connection status with the first battery pack needs to be determined. There may be one or more second battery packs. Normally, the connection status between only one second battery pack and one first battery pack is determined at a time.

[0178] In this embodiment, before executing step S122, it is necessary to first open the charge and discharge circuit of each battery pack to realize the interconnection of each battery pack. This step can be performed during the power-on self-test phase of the battery system. Subsequently, the second voltage access module of the first battery pack is controlled to connect to the second signal line. As in the battery system described above, the two poles of the battery cell unit of the first battery pack are controllably connected to the first signal line and the second signal line through the first voltage access module and the second voltage access module respectively. Optionally, the positive pole of the battery cell unit of the first battery pack is controllably connected to the first signal line through the first voltage access module, and the negative pole of the battery cell unit of the first battery pack is controllably connected to the second signal line through the second voltage access module; however, this is not limited to this. The negative pole of the battery cell unit of the first battery pack can also be controllably connected to the first signal line through the first voltage access module, and the positive pole of the battery cell unit of the first battery pack can be controllably connected to the second signal line through the second voltage access module. This is not limited here. When controlling the second voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the second signal line, the first voltage access module of the first battery pack remains disconnected from the first signal line.

[0179] S204 , sending first information to the second battery pack, where the first information is used to instruct the first voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the first signal line.

[0180] In this embodiment, the first battery pack, acting as the control host, can send a first message to the second battery pack via a communication connection established between the first battery pack and the second battery pack. Upon receiving the first message, the second battery pack can control its first voltage access module to connect to the first signal line according to the instructions of the first message, while the second voltage access module of the second battery pack remains disconnected from the second signal line.

[0181] The obtaining of the voltage value of the signal line includes:

[0182] S206: Acquire a voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line.

[0183] In this embodiment, when one end of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are respectively connected to the first signal line and the second signal line, the connection status between the first battery pack and the second battery pack can be reflected by the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line. Therefore, the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line can be obtained through the detection and judgment module in the battery pack.

[0184] In this embodiment, by controlling the different voltage access modules of the first battery pack and the second battery pack to connect to different signal lines, that is, controlling one voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the first signal line and controlling another voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the second signal line, and then measuring the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, the voltage difference between the first signal line and the second signal line can be determined. Therefore, after the user connects multiple battery packs, the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line can be automatically obtained through this solution without any other operations, and the connection structure between the battery system composed of multiple battery packs can be identified, which can better and more accurately manage the battery packs and the battery system.

[0185] In one possible implementation, before controlling the second voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the second signal line, the method further includes:

[0186] The control host is determined according to the preset rules and the slave address of each battery pack is assigned.

[0187] In this embodiment, after the battery system is connected and a communication connection is established, each battery pack is powered on. Each battery pack uses its own voltage measurement circuit to check whether its own voltage is consistent with the voltage across its terminals. If they are consistent or the difference is small, for example, if the difference is less than a preset threshold, the connection is considered normal. Otherwise, a connection error has occurred, and the battery pack may issue an alarm. After the battery pack completes its power-on self-test, multiple battery packs compete for master / slave status and assign addresses. The specific master / slave competition method is shown in Figure 14 . The method determines whether a control box exists. This control box can be either with or without a display. In this embodiment, the control box is a standalone module within the battery system and is identical to the standalone detection and judgment module described above. Details will not be repeated here. If a control box exists, the control box serves as the control master. Optionally, in this embodiment, the step of determining whether a control box exists can be omitted. If a control box exists within the battery system, the control box can communicate directly with each battery pack through its communication connection and notify each battery pack that the control box serves as the control master. Furthermore, if no control box exists, the control host can be determined according to preset rules. The specific preset rules include any of the following methods: determining the control host based on the order in which the battery packs send data, or determining the control host based on the theoretical SOC of each battery or the maximum current SOC, or selecting the largest or smallest ID as the control host based on the factory ID number of each battery pack. The factory ID number of each battery pack is unique and increases in sequence according to the date of manufacture. As a preferred embodiment, the battery pack with the largest theoretical SOC or the largest factory ID number is selected as the control host, that is, the newest battery pack is selected as the control host, thereby ensuring the stability and sustainability of the operation of the entire battery system.

[0188] When multiple battery packs are connected to each other, if you want to achieve RS485 or CAN bus communication between multiple battery packs, each battery pack requires an address. Therefore, after determining the control master, you can assign slave addresses to other battery packs in sequence based on the factory ID number of each battery pack.

[0189] In addition, when multiple battery packs are connected to each other, the connection can be made when the SOC and / or voltage of each battery pack are basically the same. This can avoid excessive voltage differences between the battery packs that may cause large circulating currents and lead to unexpected dangers, and can also optimize the performance of the connected battery system.

[0190] In addition, when multiple battery packs are connected in series and / or in parallel, they must be operated under any of the following conditions:

[0191] (1) All battery packs enter shutdown (or sleep) state;

[0192] (2) When the machine is powered on and working normally, you need to connect the communication line first to establish communication between the battery packs before performing series and parallel operations.

[0193] If any of the above conditions are not met, that is, if the communication line is not connected first (on the premise of establishing communication) and a connection error occurs when the device is turned on, the battery pack will automatically activate overcurrent or short circuit protection. Therefore, by using the above method, safety hazards can be eliminated as much as possible and losses can be reduced in the event of an operation error.

[0194] After the control host is determined, the control host controls the first battery pack and the second battery pack to determine the connection status between the first battery pack and the second battery pack. The embodiment shown in FIG13 is a battery pack connection status identification method executed by the first battery pack as the control host. As an optional implementation, the battery pack connection status identification method can also be executed according to the following steps, which are executed by the control box in the battery system. The method includes:

[0195] Sending first information to the first battery pack, where the first information is used to instruct the second voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the second signal line;

[0196] Sending control information other than the first information to the second battery pack, wherein the control information is used to instruct the first voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the first signal line;

[0197] A voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line is acquired, and a connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is determined according to the voltage value.

[0198] In this embodiment, the control box, acting as the control host, sequentially communicates with the first and second battery packs, connecting the different voltage access modules of the first and second battery packs to the first and second signal lines. The connection status between the first and second battery packs is then identified based on the measured voltage values. It is understood that this embodiment differs from the previously described embodiment only in the execution entity; the basic principles remain the same and will not be further elaborated here.

[0199] In another optional embodiment, as shown in FIG15 , the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the signal line through their own voltage access module and voltage sampling module, respectively. Controlling the battery packs to access the signal line includes:

[0200] S302: Control the voltage sampling module of the first battery pack to connect to the signal line.

[0201] In this embodiment, the first battery pack can be the master control unit of the battery system, and the second battery pack can be the slave unit. The first battery pack communicates with the other slave battery packs, enabling them to operate according to the master control unit's instructions. When identifying the battery pack connection status, the first battery pack is used as a reference point, and the connection status of the other slave battery packs relative to the first battery pack is identified in sequence. The first battery pack can close the switch in its voltage sampling module, connecting the first battery pack to the signal line through the voltage sampling module.

[0202] S304: Send second information to the second battery pack, where the second information is used to instruct the voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the signal line.

[0203] In this embodiment, the first battery pack, acting as the control host, can send second information to the second battery pack via a communication connection established between the first battery pack and the second battery pack. Upon receiving the second information, the second battery pack can control the voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the signal line according to the instructions of the second information, while the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack remains disconnected from the signal line.

[0204] The obtaining of the voltage value of the signal line includes:

[0205] S306: Obtain a voltage value of the signal line measured by a voltage sampling module of the first battery pack.

[0206] In this embodiment, because the voltage sampling module of the first battery pack is connected to the signal line, the voltage value on the signal line can be measured by the voltage sampling module of the first battery pack. The BMS in the detection and judgment module of the first battery pack can then obtain the voltage value on the signal line measured by the voltage sampling module of the first battery pack.

[0207] In yet another optional embodiment, as shown in FIG16 , the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the signal line via their own voltage access modules and voltage sampling modules, respectively. Controlling the battery packs to access the signal line includes:

[0208] S402: Control the voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the signal line.

[0209] In this embodiment, the first battery pack may also close the switch in the voltage access module, so that the first battery pack is connected to the signal line through the voltage access module.

[0210] S404: Send third information to the second battery pack, where the third information is used to instruct the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack to connect to the signal line.

[0211] In this embodiment, the first battery pack, acting as the control host, can send third information to the second battery pack via the communication connection established between the first battery pack and the second battery pack. After receiving the third information, the second battery pack can control the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack to connect to the signal line according to the instructions of the third information, while the voltage access module of the second battery pack remains disconnected from the signal line.

[0212] The obtaining of the voltage value of the signal line includes:

[0213] S406: Obtain a voltage value of the signal line measured by a voltage sampling module of the second battery pack.

[0214] In this embodiment, because the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack is connected to the signal line, the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack can measure the voltage value on the signal line. Then, the BMS in the detection and judgment module of the first battery pack can communicate with the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack via the signal line to obtain the voltage value on the signal line measured by the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack.

[0215] In this embodiment, by utilizing different modules in the first battery pack and the second battery pack to access the signal line, the voltage sampling module in the first battery pack or the second battery pack can obtain the voltage value on the signal line. This can adapt to a variety of different connection scenarios and can better determine the connection status between the battery packs.

[0216] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG17 , obtaining a voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determining a connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value, includes at least one of the following:

[0217] S502, determining whether the voltage value is within a first preset range;

[0218] S504, in response to the voltage value being within a first preset range, determining that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are in a parallel state;

[0219] S506 : In response to the voltage value not being within the first preset range, determine that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series.

[0220] In this embodiment, based on the example shown in FIG12 , those skilled in the art will appreciate that if two battery packs are connected in parallel, the voltage measured between the first signal line and the second signal line should be equal to or close to the voltage of one battery pack or the negative voltage of one battery pack. For example, assuming a first battery pack and a second battery pack are connected in parallel, when the negative electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the second signal line via the second voltage access module, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the first signal line via the first voltage access module, the voltage measured between the signal lines should be equal to or close to the voltage of one battery pack. Conversely, when the positive electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the second signal line via the second voltage access module, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the first signal line via the first voltage access module, the voltage measured between the signal lines should be equal to or close to the negative voltage of one battery pack. Furthermore, considering that there may be a slight voltage difference between the first and second battery packs, a first preset range is set to ensure the accuracy of the identification process.

[0221] For example, in actual situations, the first preset range can be set according to the rated voltage value of the battery pack. For example, when the rated voltage of a single battery pack is 12V, the first preset range can be set to 10.5V~13.8V or -13.8V~-10.5V. This preset range is only an example. The preset range can be set by referring to the design documents of the battery pack.

[0222] Specifically, in one embodiment, if the positive poles of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are respectively controllably connected to the first signal line through their own first voltage access modules, and the negative poles of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are respectively controllably connected to the second signal line through their own second voltage access modules, the first preset range may be equal to or close to the voltage range of a battery pack. For example, if the rated voltage of the first battery pack or the second battery pack is 12V, the first preset range may be between 10.5V and 13.8V.

[0223] In another embodiment, if the negative electrodes of the first and second battery packs are controllably connected to a first signal line via their respective first voltage access modules, and the positive electrodes of the first and second battery packs are controllably connected to a second signal line via their respective second voltage access modules, the first preset range may be a voltage value of the first or second battery pack that is close to negative. For example, if the rated voltage of the first or second battery pack is 12V, the first preset range may be between -13.8V and -10.5V.

[0224] Alternatively, based on the embodiment shown in FIG15 or FIG16 , if the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel, the voltage value on the signal line measured by the voltage sampling module of the first battery pack should be equal to or close to the voltage of one battery pack or the negative voltage of one battery pack. For example, assuming that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in parallel, when the negative electrode of the battery pack of the first battery pack is connected to the signal line via the voltage sampling module, and the positive electrode of the battery pack of the second battery pack is connected to the signal line via the voltage access module, the voltage value on the signal line measured by the voltage sampling module should be equal to or close to the voltage of one battery pack. When the positive electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the signal line via the voltage access module, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the signal line via the voltage sampling module, the voltage value on the signal line measured by the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack should be equal to or close to the negative voltage of one battery pack.

[0225] Furthermore, considering the potential for a slight voltage difference between the first and second battery packs, a first preset range can be set to ensure the accuracy of the identification process. Specifically, the area of ​​the first preset range can be determined based on whether the positive or negative electrode of the battery pack is connected to the signal line, and then a determination can be made as to whether the acquired voltage value is within the first preset range. If the voltage value is within the first preset range, then based on the parallel connection relationship, it can be determined that the first and second battery packs are in parallel. If the voltage value is not within the first preset range, then it is determined that the first and second battery packs are in series.

[0226] For example, in actual situations, the first preset range can be set according to the rated voltage value of the battery pack. For example, when the rated voltage of a single battery pack is 12V, the first preset range can be set to 10.5V~13.8V or -13.8V~-10.5V. This preset range is only an example. The preset range can be set by referring to the design documents of the battery pack.

[0227] In some exemplary embodiments, if there are multiple second battery packs, the voltage value of the signal line between each second battery pack and the first battery pack can be determined in sequence, thereby determining the series or parallel connection state between each second battery pack and the first battery pack, and ultimately determining the connection state of all second battery packs relative to the first battery pack. The total voltage and total capacity of the batteries comprising all battery packs can then be calculated based on the connection state. Therefore, further, based on the embodiment shown in Figure 12, after obtaining the voltage value of the signal line and determining the connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value, the identification method further includes:

[0228] Sending first control information to the second battery pack, where the first control information is used to instruct the first voltage access module of the second battery pack to disconnect from the first signal line; sending second control information to the third battery pack, where the second control information is used to instruct the first voltage access module of the third battery pack to connect to the first signal line; obtaining the voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determining the connection status between the first battery pack and the third battery pack based on the voltage value.

[0229] Optionally, based on the embodiment implemented in FIG. 15 or 16 , the identification method may further include:

[0230] Sending third control information to the second battery pack, where the third control information is used to instruct the voltage access module of the second battery pack to disconnect from the signal line;

[0231] Sending fourth control information to the third battery pack, the fourth control information being used to instruct the voltage access module of the third battery pack to connect to the signal line. Alternatively, sending fifth control information to the second battery pack, the fifth control information being used to instruct the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack to disconnect from the signal line.

[0232] Sending sixth control information to the third battery pack, where the sixth control information is used to instruct the voltage sampling module of the third battery pack to connect to the signal line.

[0233] In this embodiment, after identifying the connection status between the first and second battery packs, the first battery pack maintains its connection to the signal line, the second battery pack is disconnected from the signal line, and the third battery pack is connected to the signal line, thereby further identifying the connection status between the first and third battery packs. This process is repeated, sequentially connecting different battery packs to the signal line and identifying their connection status with the first battery pack until all battery packs are identified. This allows the connection status of every battery pack in the entire battery system to be identified.

[0234] In one possible implementation, after identifying battery packs connected only in parallel, the theoretical SOCs of the batteries in each parallel connection are calculated to ensure consistency. A significant difference indicates an unreasonable parallel connection. The actual capacity of the parallel battery pack is the sum of the rated capacity of each battery pack multiplied by the SOH. For battery packs connected in both series and parallel, the final SOC is determined by the minimum SOC value of all battery packs or groups of battery packs in series (multiple battery packs connected in parallel are considered a whole, and the SOC after parallel connection is the sum of the SOCs of the multiple battery packs).

[0235] In this embodiment, by measuring the voltage value on the signal line and comparing the voltage value with a preset range, even when there is a voltage difference between the battery packs, it can still adapt to different battery system conditions and accurately determine the connection status between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0236] In one embodiment, in response to the voltage value not being within the first preset range, determining that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series further includes:

[0237] At least one selected from the group consisting of a relative position of the first battery pack and the second battery pack and a number of battery packs connected in series is determined based on the voltage value.

[0238] In this embodiment, the relative position can be understood as the position where the second battery pack is connected to the first voltage access module or the second voltage access module in the first battery pack, or the position where the second battery pack is connected to the positive side or the negative side of the first battery pack. When the second battery pack is connected to the positive side of the first battery pack, the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack; when the second battery pack is connected to the negative side of the first battery pack, the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack.

[0239] In this embodiment, when determining that the first and second battery packs are in a series connection, this can typically include direct series connection between the first and second battery packs, i.e., without any other battery packs intervening. Alternatively, the first and second battery packs can be in indirect series connection, i.e., at least one battery pack is intervening between the first and second battery packs, or at least one battery pack group is intervening between the first and second battery packs, or a battery pack and a battery pack group are intervening between the first and second battery packs. The battery pack group includes multiple battery packs connected in parallel. Therefore, when the first and second battery packs are in a series connection, the relative positional relationship between the first and second battery packs can be determined based on the voltage value between the series connections, i.e., whether the second battery pack is connected to the first voltage access module or the second voltage access module of the first battery pack.

[0240] In this embodiment, when the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series, their relative positional relationship and the number of battery packs connected in series can be determined based on the voltage values, which can better determine the connection structure of the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0241] In one embodiment, as shown in FIG18 , if the positive electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the first signal line via their respective first voltage access modules, and the negative electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the second signal line via their respective second voltage access modules; or if the positive electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the signal line via their respective voltage access modules, and the negative electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the signal line via their respective voltage sampling modules; then, determining the connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage values, or determining at least one selected from the group consisting of the relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack and the number of battery packs connected in series, includes at least one of the following:

[0242] S602: Determine whether the voltage value is positive.

[0243] S604 : In response to the voltage value being a positive value, determine whether the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the positive electrode side of the first battery pack.

[0244] S606 , in response to the voltage value being a positive value and the voltage value being N times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that there are at least one of N-2 groups selected from battery packs and battery pack groups connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0245] S608 : In response to the voltage value being a negative value or zero, determine whether the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the negative electrode side of the first battery pack.

[0246] S610: In response to the voltage value being a negative value and the absolute value of the voltage value being M times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that M at least one selected from a group consisting of battery packs and battery packs is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack;

[0247] S612: In response to the voltage value being zero, determine that no battery pack or battery pack group is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0248] Wherein, N is a number greater than or equal to 2, M is a number greater than 1, and the battery pack group includes a plurality of battery packs connected in parallel.

[0249] In some embodiments of the present application, the positions of the first voltage access module and the second voltage access module in the first battery pack and the second battery pack are generally the same, that is, the first battery pack and the second battery pack have the same structure. Specifically, after determining the voltage value between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, since the battery pack structure and connection method are already determined, the relative position of the first battery pack and the second battery pack and / or the number of battery packs connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack can be determined based on the voltage value. As shown in Figures 19 and 20, the first battery pack and the second battery pack marked in Figures 19 and 20 are used as examples for illustration.

[0250] As shown in Figure 19, when the negative electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the second signal line and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the first signal line, if the measured voltage is positive, the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is connected to the positive electrode side of the first battery pack (the first access module side). If the voltage value is N times or nearly N times the voltage of a single battery pack (N is a number greater than or equal to 2), it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack, and there are N-2 battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative electrode of the second battery pack and the positive electrode of the first battery pack.

[0251] As shown in Figure 20, when the negative electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the second signal line and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the first signal line, if the measured voltage value is zero or close to zero, it can be determined that the positive electrode of the second battery pack is directly connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is directly connected to the negative electrode side of the first battery pack (the second access module side), and there is no other battery pack or battery pack group connected in series between the second battery pack and the first battery pack. If the measured voltage value is negative, it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is connected to the negative electrode side of the first battery pack (the second access module side). If the measured voltage value is negative, and the absolute value of the voltage value is M times or close to M times the voltage of a single battery pack (M is a number greater than or equal to 1), it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the positive pole of the second battery pack is connected to the negative pole of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is connected to the negative pole side of the first battery pack (the second access module side), and there are M battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative pole of the second battery pack and the positive pole of the first battery pack.

[0252] In other embodiments of the present application, the positions of the voltage access module and the voltage sampling module in the first and second battery packs are also fixed and identical, that is, the first and second battery packs have identical structures. Since the connection state between the first and second battery packs has been determined, the relative position between the first and second battery packs and / or the number of battery packs connected in series between the first and second battery packs can be determined based on the voltage value of the signal line, as shown in Figures 21 and 22, with the first and second battery packs marked in Figures 21 and 22 as examples.

[0253] As shown in Figure 21, when the negative electrode of the battery pack of the first battery pack is connected to the signal line through the voltage sampling module, and the positive electrode of the battery pack of the second battery pack is connected to the signal line through the voltage access module, if the voltage value measured by the first battery pack is positive, it can be determined that the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the positive electrode side of the first battery pack (the voltage access module side). If the voltage value measured by the first battery pack is N times or nearly N times the voltage of a single battery pack (N is a number greater than or equal to 2), it can be determined that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are in a series relationship, and it is determined that the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack, and there are N-2 battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative electrode of the second battery pack and the positive electrode of the first battery pack.

[0254] As shown in Figure 22, when the negative electrode of the battery pack of the first battery pack is connected to the signal line through the voltage sampling module, and the positive electrode of the battery pack of the second battery pack is connected to the signal line through the voltage access module. If the voltage value measured by the first battery pack is zero or close to zero, it can be determined that the positive electrode of the second battery pack is directly connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is directly connected to the negative electrode side of the first battery pack (the side of the voltage sampling module), and there is no other battery pack or battery pack group connected in series between the second battery pack and the first battery pack. If the voltage value measured by the first battery pack is negative, it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the positive electrode of the battery pack of the second battery pack is connected in series to the negative electrode side of the battery pack of the first battery pack (the side of the voltage sampling module). If the voltage value measured by the first battery pack is negative, and the absolute value of the voltage value is M times or nearly M times the voltage of a single battery pack (M is a number greater than or equal to 1), it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the positive electrode of the battery pack of the second battery pack is connected in series with the negative electrode side of the first battery pack (on the voltage sampling module side), and there are M battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative electrode of the second battery pack and the positive electrode of the first battery pack. In this embodiment, it should be noted that the voltage value measured by the first battery pack can generally be the voltage value measured by the voltage sampling module in the first battery pack.

[0255] In another embodiment, as shown in FIG23 , if the negative electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the first signal line via their respective first voltage access modules, and the positive electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the second signal line via their respective second voltage access modules; or if the negative electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the signal line via their respective voltage access modules, and the positive electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the signal line via their respective voltage sampling modules; then, determining the connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value, or determining at least one selected from the group consisting of the relative position of the first battery pack and the second battery pack and the number of battery packs connected in series, includes at least one of the following:

[0256] S702: Determine whether the voltage value is negative.

[0257] S704 : In response to the voltage value being a negative value, determine whether the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the negative electrode side of the first battery pack.

[0258] S706: In response to the voltage value being a negative value and the absolute value of the voltage value being N times the voltage of the first battery pack, determine that at least one of N-2 groups selected from battery packs and battery pack groups is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0259] S708 : In response to the voltage value being a positive value or zero, determine whether the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the positive electrode side of the first battery pack.

[0260] S710 : In response to the voltage value being a positive value and being M times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that at least one of M groups selected from battery packs and battery pack groups is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0261] S712, in response to the voltage value being zero, determining that no battery pack or battery pack group is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack;

[0262] Wherein, N is a number greater than or equal to 2, M is a number greater than or equal to 1, and the battery pack group includes a plurality of battery packs connected in parallel.

[0263] In this possible embodiment, compared with the previous embodiment, the connection method between each module in the battery pack and the battery pack bipolar is different, as shown in Figures 24 and 25, using the first battery pack and the second battery pack marked in Figures 24 and 25 as examples.

[0264] As shown in Figure 24, when the positive electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the first signal line and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the second signal line, if the measured voltage value is negative, the positive electrode of the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is connected to the negative electrode side of the first battery pack (the first access module side). Furthermore, if the measured voltage value is negative and the absolute value of the voltage value is N times or nearly N times the voltage of a single battery pack (N is a number greater than or equal to 2), then the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is connected to the negative electrode side of the first battery pack (the first access module side), and the number of battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the positive electrode of the second battery pack and the negative electrode of the first battery pack is N-2.

[0265] As shown in Figure 25, when the positive electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the first signal line and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the second signal line, if the measured voltage value is zero or close to zero, it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is directly connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack. That is, the second battery pack is directly connected to the positive electrode side of the first battery pack (the second access module side) and no other battery packs or battery pack groups are connected in series between the second battery pack and the first battery pack. If the measured voltage value is positive and the voltage value is M times or close to M times the voltage of a single battery pack (M is a number greater than or equal to 1), it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack. That is, the second battery pack is connected to the positive electrode side of the first battery pack (the second access module side), and there are M battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative electrode of the second battery pack and the positive electrode of the first battery pack.

[0266] In other embodiments, the first battery pack and the second battery pack marked in FIG. 26 and FIG. 27 are used as examples.

[0267] When the positive electrode of the battery pack of the first battery pack is connected to the signal line through the voltage sampling module, and the negative electrode of the battery pack of the second battery pack is connected to the signal line through the voltage access module. As shown in Figure 26, if the voltage value measured by the first battery pack is negative, it can be determined that the positive electrode of the battery pack of the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the negative electrode of the battery pack of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is connected to the negative electrode side of the battery pack of the first battery pack (the side of the voltage access module). Furthermore, if the voltage value measured by the first battery pack is negative, and the absolute value of the voltage value is N times or close to N times the voltage of a single battery pack (N is a number greater than or equal to 2), then the positive electrode of the battery pack of the second battery pack is connected to the negative electrode side of the battery pack of the first battery pack (the side of the voltage access module), and the number of battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the positive electrode of the battery pack of the second battery pack and the negative electrode of the battery pack of the first battery pack is N-2 in total.

[0268] When the positive electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the signal line via the voltage sampling module, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the signal line via the voltage access module, as shown in Figure 27, if the voltage value measured by the first battery pack is zero or close to zero, it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is directly connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is directly connected to the positive electrode side of the first battery pack (on the voltage sampling module side), and no other battery packs or battery pack groups are connected in series between the second battery pack and the first battery pack. If the voltage value measured by the first battery pack is positive and the voltage value is M times or close to M times the voltage of a single battery pack (M is a number greater than or equal to 1), it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the negative electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the positive electrode of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is connected to the positive electrode side of the first battery pack (on the voltage sampling module side), and there are M battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative electrode of the second battery pack and the positive electrode of the first battery pack.

[0269] In another embodiment, as shown in FIG28 , if the positive electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to a signal line via their own voltage access modules, and the negative electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to a signal line via their own voltage sampling modules, then determining the connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage values ​​includes at least one of the following:

[0270] S802: Determine whether the voltage value is positive.

[0271] S804 : In response to the voltage value being a positive value, determine whether the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the positive electrode side of the first battery pack.

[0272] S806 , in response to the voltage value being a positive value and the voltage value being N times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that there are at least one of N-2 groups selected from battery packs and battery pack groups connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0273] S808 : In response to the voltage value being a negative value or zero, determine whether the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the negative electrode side of the first battery pack.

[0274] S810: In response to the voltage value being a negative value and the absolute value of the voltage value being M times the voltage of the first battery pack, determine that at least one of M groups selected from battery packs and battery groups is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0275] S812: In response to the voltage value being zero, determine that no battery pack or battery pack group is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, where N is a number greater than or equal to 2, M is a number greater than or equal to 1, and the battery pack group includes a plurality of the battery packs connected in parallel.

[0276] In some embodiments, the first battery pack and the second battery pack are labeled in FIG. 29 and FIG. 30 for illustration.

[0277] When the positive pole of the first battery pack is connected to the signal line through the voltage access module, and the negative pole of the second battery pack is connected to the signal line through the voltage sampling module. As shown in Figure 29, at this time, the voltage sampling module in the second battery pack can measure the voltage value on the signal line. If the voltage value measured by the voltage sampling module in the second battery pack is positive, it can be determined that the negative pole of the second battery pack is connected to the positive pole of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is connected to the positive pole side of the first battery pack (the side of the voltage access module). If the voltage value measured by the voltage sampling module in the second battery pack is N times or close to N times the voltage of a single battery pack (N is a number greater than or equal to 2), it can be determined that the first battery pack and the second battery are in a series relationship, and it is determined that the negative pole of the second battery pack is connected to the positive pole of the first battery pack, and there are also N-2 battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative pole of the second battery pack and the positive pole of the first battery pack.

[0278] When the positive pole of the first battery pack is connected to the signal line through the voltage access module, and the negative pole of the second battery pack is connected to the signal line through the voltage sampling module. As shown in Figure 30, if the voltage value measured by the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack is zero, it can be determined that the positive pole of the second battery pack is directly connected to the negative pole of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is directly connected to the negative pole side of the first battery pack (the side of the voltage sampling module). There are no other battery packs or battery pack groups connected in series between the second battery pack and the first battery pack. If the voltage value measured by the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack is negative, it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the positive pole of the second battery pack is connected to the negative pole of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is connected to the negative pole side of the first battery pack (the side of the voltage sampling module). If the voltage value measured by the second battery pack is negative, and the absolute value of the voltage value is M times or close to M times the voltage of a single battery pack (M is a number greater than or equal to 1), it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the positive pole of the second battery pack is connected to the negative pole of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is connected to the negative pole side of the first battery pack (the side of the voltage sampling module), and there are M battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative pole of the second battery pack and the positive pole of the first battery pack.

[0279] In another embodiment, as shown in FIG31 , if the negative electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to a signal line via their own voltage access modules, and the positive electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to a signal line via their own voltage sampling modules, then determining the connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage values ​​includes at least one of the following:

[0280] S902: Determine whether the voltage value is negative.

[0281] S904 : In response to the voltage value being a negative value, determine whether the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the positive electrode side of the first battery pack.

[0282] S906: In response to the voltage value being a negative value and the absolute value of the voltage value being N times the voltage of the first battery pack, determine that there are at least one of N-2 groups selected from battery packs and battery packs connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0283] S908 : In response to the voltage value being a positive value or zero, determine whether the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the negative electrode side of the first battery pack.

[0284] S910 , in response to the voltage value being a positive value and the voltage value being M times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that at least one of M groups selected from battery packs and battery pack groups is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack.

[0285] S912: In response to the voltage value being zero, determining that no battery pack or battery pack group is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; wherein N is a number greater than or equal to 2, M is a number greater than or equal to 1, and the battery pack group includes a plurality of the battery packs connected in parallel.

[0286] Specifically, the first battery pack and the second battery pack marked in FIG. 32 and FIG. 33 are used as examples.

[0287] As shown in Figure 32, when the negative electrode of the first battery pack is connected to the signal line via the voltage access module, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the signal line via the voltage sampling module, the voltage sampling module in the second battery pack can measure the voltage on the signal line. If the voltage value measured by the voltage sampling module in the second battery pack is zero, it can be determined that the positive electrode of the second battery pack is directly connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is connected to the negative electrode side of the first battery pack (the voltage access module side). If the voltage value measured by the voltage sampling module in the second battery pack is positive, and the absolute value of the voltage is M times or nearly M times the voltage of a single battery pack (M is a number greater than or equal to 1), it can be determined that the second battery pack is connected in series with the first battery pack, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is connected to the negative electrode side of the first battery pack (the voltage access module side), and there are M battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative electrode of the second battery pack and the positive electrode of the first battery pack.

[0288] As shown in Figure 33, when the negative pole of the first battery pack is connected to the signal line through the voltage access module, and the positive pole of the second battery pack is connected to the signal line through the voltage sampling module. At this time, the voltage sampling module in the second battery pack can measure the voltage value on the signal line. If the voltage value measured by the voltage sampling module in the second battery pack is negative, it can be determined that the negative pole of the second battery pack is connected to the positive pole of the first battery pack, that is, the second battery pack is connected to the positive pole side of the first battery pack (the voltage sampling module side). If the voltage value measured by the voltage sampling module in the second battery pack is negative, and the absolute value of the voltage value is N times or close to N times the voltage of a single battery pack (N is a number greater than or equal to 2), it can be determined that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are in a series relationship, and it is determined that the negative pole of the second battery pack is connected to the positive pole of the first battery pack, and there are N-2 battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series between the negative pole of the second battery pack and the positive pole of the first battery pack.

[0289] Similarly, in the present embodiment, it should be noted that the aforementioned N-2 battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series or M battery packs and / or battery pack groups connected in series means that other battery packs are connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, and since the voltage of multiple battery packs connected in parallel is equal to the voltage of a single battery pack, only the number of battery cells connected in series can be determined based on the voltage value. The battery cell may be a single battery pack or a battery group composed of multiple battery packs connected in parallel; the number of battery packs in the battery group cannot be determined based on the currently obtained signal line voltage value. After all battery packs are identified in sequence, the connection mode and quantity of all battery packs in the entire battery system can be completely determined.

[0290] In some exemplary embodiments, as shown in FIG34, the circuit of the battery pack with both series and parallel connections is the most complex, so the case of both series and parallel connections, that is, the hybrid connection (hybrid connection) case is used as an example for explanation. The hybrid connection is a special battery system that combines series battery packs and parallel battery packs. In the figure, P1, P2...P n-1 、P n The two dotted lines connected to the isolated communication module are communication lines, such as the CAN bus; each battery pack can communicate with each other through the isolated communication module. The two thin solid lines connected to the voltage access module (composed of switches and resistors in each battery pack) are signal lines; the two thick solid lines connected to the fuse are power buses. Taking the P1 battery pack as an example, the BMS is the battery management system, which is used to obtain various parameters of the battery pack from the current sensor and voltage detection unit (not shown) and perform corresponding control; M1 ，充 、M1 ，放 It is the charge and discharge circuit unit of the battery pack, which controls the charge and discharge of the battery pack according to the control signal of the BMS; K1 ，预 、R 1，预 The pre-charge unit of the battery pack is used to buffer the high current impact when the power is turned on. The pre-charge unit is connected in parallel with the charge and discharge circuit unit and then connected to the power bus; K 1，正 Set between the fuse and the battery pack of P1 battery pack as the main circuit control switch for connecting to the power bus; S 1，正 and R 1，正 A first voltage access module constituting the battery pack is used to controllably connect the positive electrode of the battery pack to the first signal line; 1，负 and R 1，负 The battery pack's second voltage access module is used to controllably connect the negative terminal of the battery pack to the second signal line. The isolated communication unit is connected to the communication bus (two dotted lines in the diagram), thereby establishing communication connections with other battery packs via the communication bus. The voltage measurement circuit and the BMS constitute the battery pack's detection and judgment module. The voltage measurement circuit is used to measure the voltage between the first signal line and the second signal line, and the BMS is used to determine the battery pack's connection status based on this voltage value. The structures of the other battery packs are exactly the same as those of battery pack P1, differing only in the connection method between the battery packs, which will not be repeated here.

[0291] When identifying the connection status of the battery pack, the control host in the battery system can be determined by first competing for the master and slave. The method for determining the control host can be referred to the above embodiment and will not be repeated here. In this embodiment, battery pack P3 is used as the control host, and the remaining battery packs are slaves. The control host can be equivalent to the first battery pack mentioned above, and each slave is equivalent to the second or third battery pack mentioned above. It should be noted that this embodiment is described only as a possible implementation method, and its purpose is to further explain the technical solution of this application, and it does not constitute a limitation on the actual scope of protection of this application.

[0292] Specifically, the battery pack P3 acts as the control host and first controls S 3，负 The closing makes the negative electrode of the battery pack P3 connected to the second signal line, and sends information to the battery pack P1 through the communication bus to control S 1，正 Closed. Battery pack P3 measures the voltage values ​​of the first signal line and the second signal line through its own voltage measurement circuit. At this time, since battery packs P1 and P3 are in a series relationship, and the negative electrode of battery pack P1 is directly connected to the positive electrode of battery pack P3. Therefore, the voltage value measured at this time is approximately twice the voltage value of battery pack P3. The specific multiple can be determined by dividing the measured voltage value by the voltage value of battery pack P3 and rounding off. Based on the measured voltage value, battery pack P3 can determine that battery pack P1 and it are in a series relationship, and are directly connected in series at its own positive end (first voltage access module side).

[0293] Furthermore, the battery pack P3 controls the battery pack P1 through the communication bus to control S 1，正 Disconnect and control the battery pack P2 through the communication bus to control S 2，正 Closed. Battery pack P3 uses its own voltage measurement circuit to measure the voltages of the first and second signal lines. The measured voltage is also approximately twice the voltage of battery pack P3. Therefore, battery pack P3 can determine that battery pack P2 is connected in series with it and connects it directly in series at its positive terminal (on the first voltage access module side). At the same time, battery pack P3 can also determine that battery packs P1 and P2 are connected in parallel.

[0294] Furthermore, the battery pack P3 controls the battery pack P2 through the communication bus to control S 2，正 Disconnect and control the battery pack P4 through the communication bus to control S 4，正 The voltage of battery pack P3 is measured by the voltage measurement circuit. The voltage at this time is approximately twice the voltage of battery pack P3. Therefore, battery pack P3 can determine that battery P4 is in parallel with it.

[0295] Furthermore, the battery pack P3 controls the battery pack P4 through the communication bus to control S 4，正Disconnect and control the battery pack P5 through the communication bus to control S 5，正 Closed. Battery pack P3 measures the voltage through the voltage measurement circuit. At this point, the voltage is approximately 0. Battery pack P3 can determine that battery P5 is in series with itself and is directly connected in series with it at its negative terminal (on the second voltage access module side).

[0296] This process is deduced in this way until the battery pack P3 determines the series-parallel relationship between all slave battery packs and itself, and can calculate the series-parallel relationship of the battery pack P and the total capacity and total voltage of the battery pack P.

[0297] Through the above method, after the user connects the battery packs arbitrarily, without any other operation, the connection status between each battery pack can be automatically identified, and then the connection structure between each battery pack in the entire battery system can be determined, so that the battery system can be better and more accurately managed.

[0298] It should be further noted that, in actual applications, there may be losses between battery packs and during current transmission, or some non-negligible voltage differences. Therefore, the measured voltage value or the absolute value of the voltage value is not necessarily an exact integer multiple of the battery pack voltage. Therefore, in general, N and M can be the integer values ​​obtained by dividing the measured voltage value by the voltage value of a single battery pack and rounding it off to the nearest integer, thereby determining the specific multiple (i.e., the aforementioned N times, M times, or zero). For example, for a battery pack with a voltage of 12V, if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module or the voltage sampling module is 32.5V, 32.5 / 12≈2.708 is calculated, and then rounded off to determine 3 times the battery pack voltage; if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module or the voltage sampling module is 1.5V, 1.5 / 12≈0.125 is calculated, and then rounded off to determine the voltage value is 0; if the voltage value measured by the detection and judgment module or the voltage sampling module is -7.5V, the absolute value is first taken and then 7.5 / 12≈0.625 is calculated, and then rounded off to determine 1 times the battery pack voltage; and so on, which can help to more accurately determine the measured signal line voltage value.

[0299] In this embodiment, after determining that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series, the relative position relationship between the first battery pack and the second battery pack, as well as whether the second battery pack is connected to the positive side or the negative side of the first battery pack, and the number of battery packs connected in series can be further determined based on the voltage value. Therefore, the connection structure of the first battery pack and the second battery pack can be better determined, which facilitates the subsequent calculation of the total voltage and total capacity of the battery packs obtained after series and / or parallel connection.

[0300] In one embodiment, a battery management system is further provided, including a memory and a processor. The memory stores a computer program, and the processor implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executing the computer program.

[0301] In one embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0302] In one embodiment, a computer program product is further provided, including a computer program, which implements the steps in the above method embodiments when executed by a processor.

[0303] The arrangement order of the above embodiments of the present application is only for description and does not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0304] It should be understood that, although the various steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above are displayed in sequence according to the instructions of the arrows, these steps are not necessarily executed in sequence in the order indicated by the arrows. Unless otherwise specified herein, there is no strict order restriction on the execution of these steps, and these steps can be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least a portion of the steps in the flowcharts involved in the various embodiments described above can include multiple steps or multiple stages, and these steps or stages are not necessarily executed and completed at the same time, but can be executed at different times, and the execution order of these steps or stages is not necessarily to be carried out in sequence, but can be executed in turn or alternately with other steps or at least a portion of steps or stages in other steps.

[0305] In this application, the same or similar terminology, technical solutions and / or application scenario descriptions are generally only described in detail the first time they appear. When they appear again later, they are generally not repeated for the sake of brevity. When understanding the technical solutions and other contents of this application, for the same or similar terminology, technical solutions and / or application scenario descriptions that are not described in detail later, you can refer to the previous relevant detailed descriptions.

[0306] In this application, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0307] The various technical features of the technical solution of this application can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the various technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this application.

[0308] Through the description of the above implementation methods, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-mentioned embodiment methods can be implemented by means of software plus the necessary general hardware platform, and of course can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation method. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a software product, which is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) as above, and includes a number of instructions for enabling a terminal device (which can be an electrical device or a network device, etc.) to execute the method of each embodiment of the present application.

[0309] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the patent application. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present application, and these modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present patent application shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A battery system, wherein: include: A plurality of battery packs, wherein the plurality of battery packs are directly or indirectly connected; a signal line, the signal line being controllably connected to each of the battery packs; as well as The detection and judgment module is used to obtain the voltage value of the signal line and determine at least one selected from the group consisting of connection modes and relative positions between the plurality of battery packs according to the voltage value.

2. The battery system according to claim 1, wherein: The battery pack includes a battery pack, a first voltage access module and a second voltage access module; The signal line includes at least one first signal line and at least one second signal line; The positive electrode of the battery pack is controllably connected to the first signal line via the first voltage access module; The negative electrode of the battery pack is controllably connected to the second signal line via the second voltage access module.

3. The battery system according to claim 2, wherein: The battery pack further includes a voltage divider module connected in series with the battery pack; The positive electrode of the battery pack is controllably connected to the first signal line via the voltage dividing module and the first voltage access module; The negative electrode of the battery pack is controllably connected to the second signal line via the second voltage access module.

4. The battery system according to claim 3, wherein: The detection and judgment module includes an operational amplifier and a microprocessor; A first input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the first signal line, a second input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the second signal line, and the operational amplifier is used to obtain a voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line; The microprocessor is configured to determine, based on the voltage value, at least one selected from the group consisting of connection modes and relative positions between the plurality of battery packs.

5. The battery system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: The detection and judgment module is disposed inside at least one first battery pack among the plurality of battery packs; The detection and judgment module is used to control the first voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the first signal line; The detection and judgment module is used to communicate with at least one second battery pack among the plurality of battery packs, so that the second battery pack controls the second voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the second signal line; The detection and judgment module is further configured to obtain a voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine at least one selected from the group consisting of a connection mode and a relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value.

6. The battery system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: The detection and judgment module is disposed inside at least one first battery pack among the plurality of battery packs; The detection and judgment module is used to control the second voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the second signal line; The detection and judgment module is used to communicate with at least one second battery pack among the plurality of battery packs, so that the second battery pack controls the first voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the first signal line; The detection and judgment module is further configured to obtain a voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine at least one selected from the group consisting of a connection mode and a relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value.

7. The battery system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: The detection and judgment module is provided in the battery system as an independent module; The detection and judgment module is used to communicate with at least one first battery pack and at least one second battery pack among the plurality of battery packs, so that the first battery pack controls the first voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the first signal line, and the second battery pack controls the second voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the second signal line; The detection and judgment module is further configured to obtain a voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine at least one selected from the group consisting of a connection mode and a relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value.

8. The battery system according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein: The detection and judgment module is provided in the battery system as an independent module; The detection and judgment module is used to communicate with at least one first battery pack and at least one second battery pack among the plurality of battery packs, so that the first battery pack controls the second voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the second signal line, and the second battery pack controls the first voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the first signal line; The detection and judgment module is further configured to obtain a voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line, and determine at least one selected from the group consisting of a connection mode and a relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value.

9. The battery system according to claim 1, wherein: The battery pack includes a battery pack, a voltage access module and a voltage sampling module; The positive electrode of the battery pack is controllably connected to the signal line via the voltage access module; The negative electrode of the battery pack is controllably connected to the signal line via the voltage sampling module.

10. The battery system according to claim 9, wherein: The detection and judgment module is disposed inside at least one first battery pack among the plurality of battery packs; The detection and judgment module is used to control the voltage sampling module of the first battery pack to connect to the signal line; The detection and judgment module is used to communicate with at least one second battery pack among the plurality of battery packs, so that the second battery pack controls the voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the signal line; The detection and judgment module is further used to obtain the voltage value of the signal line measured by the voltage sampling module of the first battery pack, and determine at least one selected from the group consisting of the connection mode and relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value.

11. The battery system according to claim 9, wherein: The detection and judgment module is disposed inside at least one first battery pack among the plurality of battery packs; The detection and judgment module is used to control the voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the signal line; The detection and judgment module is used to communicate with at least one second battery pack among the plurality of battery packs, so that the second battery pack controls the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack to connect to the signal line; The detection and judgment module is further used to obtain the voltage value of the signal line measured by the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack, and determine at least one selected from the group consisting of the connection mode and relative position between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage value.

12. A method for identifying the connection status of a battery pack, wherein: The method is applied to the first battery pack in a battery system consisting of at least one first battery pack and at least one second battery pack, and the method includes: Controlling a signal line connecting the first battery pack and the second battery pack; obtaining a voltage value of the signal line; A connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack is determined according to the voltage value.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein The first battery pack and the second battery pack are respectively controllably connected to the first signal line through their own first voltage access modules and controllably connected to the second signal line through their own second voltage access modules; Controlling the connection signal line between the first battery pack and the second battery pack includes: Controlling the second voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the second signal line; Sending first information to the second battery pack, where the first information is used to instruct the first voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the first signal line; The obtaining of the voltage value of the signal line includes: A voltage value between the first signal line and the second signal line is obtained.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein: The determining the connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack according to the voltage value includes at least one of the following: In response to the voltage value being within a first preset range, determining that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are in a parallel state; In response to the voltage value not being within the first preset range, it is determined that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein The determining that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are in a series connection state further includes: At least one selected from the group consisting of relative positions of the first battery pack and the second battery pack and the number of battery packs connected in series is determined based on the voltage value.

16. The method according to claim 15, wherein If the positive electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the first signal line through their own first voltage access modules, and the negative electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the second signal line through their own second voltage access modules; Determining, based on the voltage value, at least one selected from the group consisting of a relative position of the first battery pack and the second battery pack and the number of battery packs connected in series includes at least one of the following: In response to the voltage value being a positive value, determining that the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the positive side of the first battery pack; In response to the voltage value being negative or zero, determining that the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the negative side of the first battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a positive value and the voltage value being N times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that N-2 at least one selected from a group consisting of battery packs and battery pack groups are connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a negative value and the absolute value of the voltage value being M times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that M at least one selected from a group consisting of battery packs and battery packs is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; In response to the voltage value being zero, determining that no battery pack or battery pack group is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; Wherein, N is a number greater than or equal to 2, M is a number greater than or equal to 1, and the battery pack group includes a plurality of battery packs connected in parallel; or, If the negative electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the first signal line through their own first voltage access modules; The positive electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the second signal line through their own second voltage access modules; Determining, based on the voltage value, at least one selected from the group consisting of a relative position of the first battery pack and the second battery pack and the number of battery packs connected in series includes at least one of the following: In response to the voltage value being a positive value or zero, determining that the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the positive side of the first battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a negative value, determining that the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the negative side of the first battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a positive value and the voltage value being M times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that at least one of M groups selected from the group consisting of battery packs and battery pack groups is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a negative value and the absolute value of the voltage value being N times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that N-2 at least one selected from a group consisting of battery packs and battery pack groups are connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; In response to the voltage value being zero, determining that no battery pack or battery pack group is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; Wherein, N is a number greater than or equal to 2, M is a number greater than or equal to 1, and the battery pack group includes a plurality of battery packs connected in parallel.

17. The method according to claim 12, wherein: The first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the signal line through their own voltage access module and voltage sampling module respectively. The controlling the battery pack to access the signal line includes: Controlling the voltage sampling module of the first battery pack to connect to the signal line; Sending second information to the second battery pack, where the second information is used to instruct the voltage access module of the second battery pack to connect to the signal line; The obtaining of the voltage value of the signal line includes: Obtaining a voltage value of the signal line measured by a voltage sampling module of the first battery pack.

18. The method according to claim 12, wherein: The first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to the signal line through their own voltage access module and voltage sampling module respectively. The controlling the battery pack to access the signal line includes: Controlling the voltage access module of the first battery pack to connect to the signal line; Sending third information to the second battery pack, where the third information is used to instruct the voltage sampling module of the second battery pack to connect to the signal line; The obtaining of the voltage value of the signal line includes: Obtain a voltage value of the signal line measured by a voltage sampling module of the second battery pack.

19. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein The determining the connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack according to the voltage value includes at least one of the following: In response to the voltage value being within a first preset range, determining that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are in a parallel state; In response to the voltage value not being within the first preset range, it is determined that the first battery pack and the second battery pack are connected in series.

20. The method according to claim 17, wherein If the positive electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to a signal line via their respective voltage access modules, and the negative electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to a signal line via their respective voltage sampling modules, then determining the connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage values ​​includes at least one of the following: In response to the voltage value being a positive value, determining that the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the positive side of the first battery pack; In response to the voltage value being negative or zero, determining that the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the negative side of the first battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a positive value and the voltage value being N times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that N-2 at least one selected from a group consisting of battery packs and battery pack groups are connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a negative value and the absolute value of the voltage value being M times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that M at least one selected from a group consisting of battery packs and battery packs is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; In response to the voltage value being zero, determining that no battery pack or battery pack group is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; Wherein, N is a number greater than or equal to 2, M is a number greater than or equal to 1, and the battery pack group includes a plurality of battery packs connected in parallel; or, If the negative electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to a signal line via their respective voltage access modules, and the positive electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to a signal line via their respective voltage sampling modules, then determining the connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage values ​​includes at least one of the following: In response to the voltage value being a positive value or zero, determining that the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the positive side of the first battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a negative value, determining that the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the negative side of the first battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a positive value and the voltage value being M times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that at least one of M groups selected from the group consisting of battery packs and battery pack groups is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a negative value and the absolute value of the voltage value being N times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that at least one of N-2 groups selected from the group consisting of battery packs and battery pack groups is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; In response to the voltage value being zero, determining that no battery pack or battery pack group is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; Wherein, N is a number greater than or equal to 2, M is a number greater than or equal to 1, and the battery pack group includes a plurality of battery packs connected in parallel.

21. The method according to claim 18, wherein If the positive electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to a signal line via their respective voltage access modules, and the negative electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to a signal line via their respective voltage sampling modules, then determining the connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage values ​​includes at least one of the following: In response to the voltage value being a positive value, determining that the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the negative side of the first battery pack; In response to the voltage value being negative or zero, determining that the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the positive side of the first battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a positive value and the voltage value being N times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that N-2 at least one selected from a group consisting of battery packs and battery pack groups are connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a negative value and the absolute value of the voltage value being M times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that M at least one selected from a group consisting of battery packs and battery packs is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; In response to the voltage value being zero, determining that no battery pack or battery pack group is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; Wherein, N is a number greater than or equal to 2, M is a number greater than or equal to 1, and the battery pack group includes a plurality of battery packs connected in parallel; or, If the negative electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to a signal line via their respective voltage access modules, and the positive electrodes of the first battery pack and the second battery pack are controllably connected to a signal line via their respective voltage sampling modules, then determining the connection state between the first battery pack and the second battery pack based on the voltage values ​​includes at least one of the following: In response to the voltage value being a positive value or zero, determining that the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the negative side of the first battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a negative value, determining that the second battery pack is directly or indirectly connected to the positive side of the first battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a positive value and the voltage value being M times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that at least one of M groups selected from the group consisting of battery packs and battery pack groups is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; In response to the voltage value being a negative value and the absolute value of the voltage value being N times the voltage of the first battery pack, determining that N-2 at least one selected from a group consisting of battery packs and battery packs are connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; In response to the voltage value being zero, determining that no battery pack or battery pack group is connected in series between the first battery pack and the second battery pack; Wherein, N is a number greater than or equal to 2, M is a number greater than or equal to 1, and the battery pack group includes a plurality of battery packs connected in parallel.

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