Fertilization control system for adjusting fertilization depth in tobacco field and fertilizer applicator

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a fertilization control system and a fertilizer applicator for adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field, the fertilization control system comprises a depth detector, a rotating speed sensor and a fertilization control device, the depth detector is used for detecting a tobacco field depth signal; the rotating speed sensor is used for detecting fertilizer applicator running speed signals; the fertilization control device comprises a main control unit and a display control unit, the input end of the main control unit is connected with a depth detector and a rotating speed sensor, and the output end of the main control unit is connected with the fertilization lifting device and the ridging device; the main control unit controls the fertilizing depth and fertilizing amount of the fertilizing lifting device according to the received tobacco field depth signal and the fertilizing machine running speed signal, and controls the ridging height of the ridging device at the same time; the display control unit is connected with the main control unit through a serial port for data communication. The fertilizer applicator comprises a rack, and the fertilizer application control system is arranged on the rack. The fertilizing efficiency can be fully improved.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application. The application number of the original application is: 202010174812.3, the application date is: March 13, 2020, and the patent title is: Fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting fertilization depth in tobacco fields. Technical Field

[0002] This application relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a fertilization control system and a fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting fertilization depth in tobacco fields. Background Art

[0003] Tobacco is one of the important cash crops in China. How to improve the yield and quality of tobacco is an important issue directly affecting the income of tobacco farmers and the development of the tobacco industry. Rational fertilization is an important guarantee for high-quality and appropriate production of flue-cured tobacco. Only within a certain limit of fertilization amount can the high quality of tobacco leaves and the maximization of economic benefits be achieved. For the same flue-cured tobacco variety, the appropriate nitrogen application rate varies in different tobacco-growing areas and under different soil physical and chemical property conditions. Moreover, the physical and chemical properties of the soil in tobacco-growing areas will also change due to different nitrogen application rates and nitrogen forms over a long period. It can be seen that it is necessary to determine the nitrogen fertilizer application rate according to the physical and chemical properties of the soil in a certain tobacco-growing area and at different times in order to achieve the purpose of high-quality and appropriate production of flue-cured tobacco.

[0004] However, the existing fertilization devices cannot reasonably adjust the nitrogen application rate and fertilization depth according to the height of the tobacco field ridges. As a result, during the fertilization process of the fertilizer applicator in the tobacco field, too much or too little fertilizer is applied, and serious fertilizer loss occurs. The fertilizer cannot effectively flow into the soil layer where the roots of tobacco plants grow densely, so that the tobacco plants cannot effectively absorb and utilize it. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a fertilization control system and a fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting fertilization depth in tobacco fields, which can reasonably adjust the nitrogen application rate and fertilization depth according to the height of the tobacco field ridges, so that the fertilizer can effectively flow into the soil layer where the roots of tobacco plants grow densely, so that the tobacco plants can effectively absorb and utilize it, and fully improve the fertilization efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by this application to solve its technical problems: A fertilization control system applied to adjusting fertilization depth in tobacco fields, which is applied to a fertilizer applicator and includes: A depth detector for detecting the depth signal of the tobacco field; A rotational speed sensor for detecting the driving speed signal of the fertilizer applicator; The fertilization control device includes a main control unit and a display control unit. The input end of the main control unit is connected to a depth detector and a rotation speed sensor. The output end of the main control unit is connected to a fertilization lifting device and a ridging device. The main control unit controls the fertilization depth and fertilization amount of the fertilization lifting device according to the received tobacco field depth signal and the fertilization machine traveling speed signal, and simultaneously controls the ridging height of the ridging device. The display control unit is connected to the main control unit through a serial port for data communication.

[0007] The fertilization control system applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field as described above further includes a fertilizer sensor. The fertilizer sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit and is used to detect the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer tank.

[0008] The fertilization control system applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field as described above further includes a height travel sensor. The height travel sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit and is used to detect the ridging of the ridging device.

[0009] The fertilization control system applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field as described above, the output end of the main control unit is connected to a fertilization motor, and the main control unit controls the rotation speed of the fertilization motor.

[0010] The fertilization control system applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field as described above further includes a motor stall sensor. The motor stall sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit and is used to detect whether the fertilization motor is stalled.

[0011] A fertilization machine applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field includes a frame. The frame is provided with the fertilization control system applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field as described above.

[0012] The fertilization machine applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field as described above, the fertilization lifting device includes a fertilization lifting assembly, a fertilizer tank, a fertilization motor, a fertilization box, and a furrow opener. The fertilization lifting assembly includes a connecting frame and a hydraulic telescopic rod arranged on the connecting frame. The fertilizer tank is arranged on the frame and is rotatably connected to the hydraulic telescopic rod. The fertilization motor is connected to the fertilization box. The fertilization box is provided with a fertilization conveying mechanism communicated with the fertilization box. The furrow opener is suspended at the rear of the frame and is located at the lower end of the fertilization conveying mechanism.

[0013] The fertilization machine applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field as described above, the ridging device includes a mounting frame fixed on the frame and a cutter shaft rotatably arranged on the mounting frame. The cutter shaft is provided with ridging knives that rotate with the cutter shaft.

[0014] The fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields as described above, a traveling device for driving the frame to travel is provided in the middle of the frame. The traveling device includes a driving wheel, a follower wheel, a supporting wheel, a guiding wheel and a crawler belt. The driving wheel is rotatably provided on the frame, and the driving wheel winds the crawler belt for circular motion. The supporting wheel rolls forward or backward on the track of the crawler belt. The follower wheel is provided below the driving wheel, and the follower wheel winds the crawler belt and rotates with the rotation of the driving wheel. The guiding wheel is provided on the track of the crawler belt and is located between the follower wheel and the supporting wheel.

[0015] The fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields as described above, a fertilizer lifting device and a ridging device located on one side of the fertilizer lifting device are provided at the rear of the frame. A depth detector is provided on the frame at the rear of the traveling device, a rotational speed sensor is provided on the traveling device, and a fertilizer control device is provided on the frame at the upper end of the traveling device.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages: 1. The fertilizer control system and fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields of the present application have a high degree of automation. The combined use of the fertilizer lifting device and the fertilizer control device can reasonably adjust the nitrogen application rate and fertilization depth according to the height of the tobacco field ridges, so that the fertilizer effectively flows into the soil layer where the roots of tobacco plants grow densely, so that the tobacco plants can effectively absorb and utilize it, and fully improve the fertilization efficiency.

[0017] 2. The fertilizer control system and fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields of the present application have the function of intelligent warning. A fertilizer sensor is installed in the fertilizer tank. The fertilizer sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit for detecting the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer tank. Once the remaining fertilizer in the fertilizer tank is lower than the fertilizer sensor, the main control unit will automatically alarm for reminder; a motor stall sensor is also provided on the fertilizer tank. The motor stall sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit for detecting whether the fertilization motor is stalled. When stalled, the main control panel issues a motor stall alarm signal and cuts off the power supply of the motor at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0019] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0020] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0021] As Figure 1 shown, a fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field includes a frame 1. A traveling device 2 for driving the frame to travel is provided in the middle of the frame 1. A fertilization lifting device 3 and a ridging device 4 located on one side of the fertilization lifting device are provided at the rear of the frame 1. A depth detector 5 for detecting the depth signal of the tobacco field is provided on the frame 1 at the rear of the traveling device. A rotational speed sensor 6 for detecting the traveling speed signal of the fertilizer applicator is provided on the traveling device 2. A fertilization control device 7 is provided on the frame 1 at the upper end of the traveling device 2. The fertilization control device 7 includes a main control unit and a display control unit. The input end of the main control unit is connected to the depth detector 5 and the rotational speed sensor 6 to receive the detected depth signal of the tobacco field and the traveling speed signal. The output end of the main control unit is connected to the fertilization lifting device 3 and the ridging device 4. The main control unit controls the fertilization depth and fertilization amount of the fertilization lifting device 3 according to the received depth signal of the tobacco field and the traveling speed signal, and simultaneously controls the ridging height of the ridging device 4. The display control unit is connected to the main control unit through a serial port for data communication.

[0022] In the embodiment of the present application, the automation degree of the fertilizer applicator is high. The combined use of the fertilization lifting device and the fertilization control device can reasonably adjust the nitrogen application amount and fertilization depth according to the height of the tobacco field ridges, so that the fertilizer effectively flows into the soil layer where the roots of tobacco plants grow densely, so as to be effectively absorbed and utilized by tobacco plants, and the fertilization efficiency is fully improved.

[0023] Further, the fertilization lifting device 3 includes a fertilization lifting assembly, a fertilizer tank 31, a fertilization motor 32, a fertilization box 33, and a furrow opener 34. The fertilization lifting assembly includes a connecting frame 35 and a hydraulic telescopic rod 36 provided on the connecting frame. The fertilizer tank 31 is arranged on the frame 1 and is rotatably connected to the hydraulic telescopic rod 36. The fertilization motor 32 is arranged on the fertilizer tank 31 and is connected to the output end of the main control unit, and the rotational speed of the fertilization motor is controlled by the main control unit. The fertilization motor 32 is connected to the fertilization box 33. A fertilization conveying mechanism 37 communicated with the fertilization box is provided on the fertilization box 33. The furrow opener 34 is suspended at the rear of the frame 1 and is located at the lower end of the fertilization conveying mechanism 37. In this embodiment, the fertilization motor 32 is a DC reduction motor, and the fertilization conveying mechanism 37 is a connecting hose extending into the tobacco field. The fertilizer tank is controlled by the hydraulic telescopic rod to rotate, so as to adjust the fertilization height of the fertilizer tank. The furrow opener opens a seed furrow. The fertilizer flows out of the fertilization box, is introduced into the furrow opener through the connecting hose, and then is guided by the furrow opener into the seed furrow, and the soil covers the seed furrow. The main control unit is controlled by a high-speed single-chip microcomputer and has a sensitive response.

[0024] Preferably, a fertilizer sensor 38 is provided in the fertilizer box 31, and the fertilizer sensor 38 is connected to the input end of the main control unit to detect the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer box. Once the amount of fertilizer remaining in the fertilizer box is lower than the fertilizer sensor, the main control unit will automatically alarm to remind. When the amount of fertilizer remaining in the fertilizer box is lower than the detection position of the fertilizer sensor, the fertilizer sensor will transmit the collected information to the main control unit for data processing, and the main control unit will issue a fertilizer shortage alarm signal.

[0025] The fertilizer box 31 is provided with a motor stall sensor 39, which is connected to the input end of the main control unit to detect whether the fertilizing motor is stalled. When stalled, the main control panel sends a motor stall alarm signal and cuts off the power supply of the motor. When the DC reduction motor is stalled, the motor stall sensor collects information and transmits it to the main control unit for data processing. The main control unit sends a DC reduction motor stall alarm signal and cuts off the power supply of the DC reduction motor.

[0026] In this embodiment, the ridging device 4 includes a mounting frame 41 fixed on the frame and a knife shaft 42 rotatably arranged on the mounting frame, and the knife shaft 42 is provided with a ridging knife 43 rotating with the knife shaft. The ridging knife makes the soil soft, which is convenient for the subsequent introduction of fertilizer. The combined use of the fertilization device, the ridging device and the fertilization control device can accurately control the fertilization spacing, fertilization speed and fertilization amount, fully improve the fertilization efficiency, and liberate labor.

[0027] In this embodiment, the frame 1 is also provided with a height travel sensor 8, which is connected to the input end of the main control unit to detect the ridge height of the ridge forming device. When it is detected that the lifting height of the shoveling mechanism 41 exceeds the preset height, the power supply of the fertilizing device 4 is cut off through the height travel detection device 5. In this embodiment, when the ridge forming device on the fertilizer spreader is lifted off the ground to a certain height (0.1m-0.2m) and does not work, the main control unit cuts off the power supply of the automatic control through the height travel sensor, and does not perform the fertilization operation.

[0028] The walking device 2 includes a driving wheel 21, a follower wheel 22, a supporting wheel 23, a guide wheel 24 and a crawler 25. The driving wheel 21 is rotatably arranged on the frame 1. The driving wheel 21 winds the crawler 25 to move cyclically. The supporting wheel 23 rolls forward or backward on the track of the crawler. The follower wheel 22 is arranged below the driving wheel 21. The follower wheel 22 winds the crawler 25 and rotates with the rotation of the driving wheel. The guide wheel 24 is arranged on the track of the crawler and is located between the follower wheel 22 and the supporting wheel 23. In this embodiment, the chassis adopted by the walking device is a crawler tractor commonly used in the prior art. A rotational speed sensor is arranged on the driving wheel to obtain the rotational speed of the driving wheel and transmit the obtained rotational speed data to the main control unit for data processing. The main control unit controls the rotational speed of the fertilizer application motor according to the received rotational speed data, so as to control the fertilizer application amount of the fertilizer box. When the crawler tractor walks fast, the rotational speed sensor senses the rotation of the driving wheel, transmits the data to the main control unit, and the main control unit controls the rotational speed of the DC reduction motor to be fast, and the fertilizer box is manipulated to apply a large amount of fertilizer. When the crawler tractor walks slowly, the rotational speed sensor senses the rotation of the driving wheel, transmits the data to the main control unit, and the main control unit controls the rotational speed of the DC reduction motor to be slow, and the fertilizer box is manipulated to apply a small amount of fertilizer.

[0029] Before the fertilizer applicator of the present application enters the field, set the fertilizer application amount per mu of tobacco field through the display control unit, fill the fertilizer tank with the special granular compound fertilizer for flue-cured tobacco, and then adjust the upper and lower heights and the distance between the two furrow openers through the furrow opener mounting bolts to determine the fertilization depth and width; after the fertilizer applicator adjusts the working state in the field, turn on the automatic control switch on the display control unit. When the fertilizer applicator moves forward, the fertilizer application control system senses the rotational speed of the driving wheel through the rotational speed sensor and performs the fertilizer application operation according to the walking speed of the crawler.

[0030] In summary, the fertilizer application control system and the fertilizer applicator for adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields of the present application have the following advantages: 1. The fertilizer application control system and the fertilizer applicator for adjusting the fertilization depth in tobacco fields of the present application have a high degree of automation. The combined use of the fertilizer application lifting device and the fertilizer application control device can reasonably adjust the nitrogen application amount and the fertilization depth according to the height of the tobacco field ridge, so that the fertilizer effectively flows into the soil layer where the roots of tobacco plants grow densely, so that the tobacco plants can effectively absorb and utilize it, and fully improve the fertilizer application efficiency.

[0031] 2. The fertilization control system and fertilization machine applied to adjust the fertilization depth in tobacco fields in this application have the function of intelligent warning. A fertilizer sensor is installed in the fertilizer tank, and the fertilizer sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit to detect the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer tank. Once the remaining fertilizer in the fertilizer tank is lower than the fertilizer sensor, the main control unit will automatically alarm to remind; a motor stall sensor is also set on the fertilizer tank, and the motor stall sensor is connected to the input end of the main control unit to detect whether the fertilization motor is stalled. When stalled, the main control panel issues a motor stall alarm signal and at the same time cuts off the power supply of the motor.

[0032] The above are only the preferred embodiments of this application and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of this application. All others whose principles and basic structures are the same as or similar to those of this application are within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A fertilization control system applied to adjust the fertilization depth in tobacco fields, which is applied to a fertilizer applicator, and is characterized in that Comprising: A depth detector (5) for detecting the depth signal of the tobacco field; A rotational speed sensor (6) for detecting the traveling speed signal of the fertilizer applicator; A fertilizer application control device (7), including a main control unit and a display control unit. The input end of the main control unit is connected to the depth detector (5) and the rotational speed sensor (6), and the output end of the main control unit is connected to the fertilizer application lifting device (3) and the ridging device (4). The main control unit controls the fertilizer application depth and the fertilizer application amount of the fertilizer application lifting device (3) according to the received depth signal of the tobacco field and the traveling speed signal of the fertilizer applicator, and simultaneously controls the ridging height of the ridging device (4). The display control unit is connected to the main control unit through a serial port for data communication.

2. The fertilization control system applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field according to claim 1, wherein, It further includes a fertilizer sensor (38), and the fertilizer sensor (38) is connected to the input end of the main control unit for detecting the amount of fertilizer in the fertilizer tank.

3. The fertilization control system applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a height travel sensor (8), and the height travel sensor (8) is connected to the input end of the main control unit for detecting the ridging of the ridging device (4).

4. The fertilization control system applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field according to claim 1, characterized in that, The output end of the main control unit is connected to a fertilizer application motor (32), and the main control unit controls the rotational speed of the fertilizer application motor (32).

5. The fertilization system applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field according to claim 4, wherein It further includes a motor stall sensor (39), and the motor stall sensor (39) is connected to the input end of the main control unit for detecting whether the fertilizer application motor (32) is stalled.

6. A fertilizer applicator applied to adjust the fertilization depth in a tobacco field, characterized in that, It includes a frame (1), and the frame (1) is provided with the fertilizer application control system for adjusting the fertilizer application depth in the tobacco field according to any one of claims 1-5.

7. The fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field according to claim 6, wherein The fertilizer application lifting device (3) includes a fertilizer application lifting assembly, a fertilizer tank (31), a fertilizer application motor (32), a fertilizer application box (33), and a furrow opener (34). The fertilizer application lifting assembly includes a connecting frame (35) and a hydraulic telescopic rod (36) provided on the connecting frame (35). The fertilizer tank (31) is arranged on the frame (1) and is rotatably connected to the hydraulic telescopic rod (36). The fertilizer application motor (32) is connected to the fertilizer application box (33), and the fertilizer application box (33) is provided with a fertilizer application conveying mechanism (37) communicated with the fertilizer application box. The furrow opener (34) is suspended at the rear of the frame (1) and is located at the lower end of the fertilizer application conveying mechanism (37).

8. The fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field according to claim 6, characterized in that, The ridging device (4) includes a mounting frame (41) fixed on the frame (1) and a cutter shaft (42) rotatably arranged on the mounting frame (41). The cutter shaft (42) is provided with ridging knives (43) that rotate with the cutter shaft.

9. The fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field according to claim 6, wherein, A traveling device (2) for driving the frame (1) to travel is provided in the middle of the frame (1). The traveling device (2) includes a driving wheel (21), a follower wheel (22), a supporting wheel (23), a guide wheel (24), and a crawler belt (25). The driving wheel (21) is rotatably provided on the frame (1). The driving wheel (21) winds the crawler belt (25) for cyclic movement. The supporting wheel (23) rolls forward or backward on the track of the crawler belt. The follower wheel (22) is provided below the driving wheel (21). The follower wheel (22) winds the crawler belt (25) and rotates with the rotation of the driving wheel (21). The guide wheel (24) is provided on the track of the crawler belt (25) and is located between the follower wheel (22) and the supporting wheel (23).

10. The fertilizer applicator applied to adjusting the fertilization depth in a tobacco field according to claim 9, characterized in that, A fertilizing lifting device (3) and a ridging device (4) located on one side of the fertilizing lifting device are provided at the rear of the frame (1). A depth detector (5) is provided on the frame (1) at the rear of the traveling device (2). A rotational speed sensor (6) is provided on the traveling device (2). A fertilizing control device (7) is provided on the frame (1) at the upper end of the traveling device (2).

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