Seeding spacing detection device, seeding machine and seeding spacing calculation method

Abstract

The invention provides a seeding spacing detection device, a seeding machine and a seeding spacing calculation method. A sowing spacing detection device comprises a seed-metering pipe, a sensor and a trigger mechanism, the trigger mechanism is installed at the free end of the seed-metering pipe, the sensor is connected with the trigger mechanism, and a seed-metering opening is formed in one side of the free end of the seed-metering pipe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of seeders, and in particular, to a seeding spacing detection device, a seeder, and a seeding spacing calculation method. Background Art

[0002] Seeds such as soybeans and corn need to be precisely sown. A reasonable design of the seed metering device can improve the seeding speed of seeds and reduce the seed leakage rate, multiple sowing rate, and coefficient of variation. The seeding spacing is a crucial link in the planting process, directly affecting the growth quality, yield, and occurrence probability of plant diseases and pests. A reasonable spacing design can not only optimize resource utilization but also reduce the difficulty of later management. Precise seeding monitoring is required for the control of seeding spacing, including multiple sowing, seed leakage, and the coefficient of variation of seeding. The above three indicators are all related to the seeding spacing.

[0003] The detection ability and method optimization of the seed spacing can enable engineers to find the direction for optimizing the seed metering device and greatly optimize and improve the performance of the seed metering device. Currently, the seeding detection scheme of the seed metering device adds sensors at the position of the seed discharging pipe or the seed discharging port of the seed metering device to detect seed leakage, multiple sowing, and calculate the qualified coefficient of variation of the seed spacing.

[0004] The disadvantages of the prior art are that there are distortion phenomena in the statistical seed leakage rate or multiple sowing rate when using optical sensors currently. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a seeding spacing detection device, a seeder, and a seeding spacing calculation method in view of the deficiencies of the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problem is as follows: A seeding spacing detection device includes: a seed discharging pipe, a sensor, and a triggering mechanism. The triggering mechanism is installed at the free end of the seed discharging pipe. The sensor is connected to the triggering mechanism. A seed discharging port is provided on one side of the free end of the seed discharging pipe.

[0007] The beneficial effect of adopting the technical solution of the present invention is that: a seed discharging port is opened at the tangential end of the seed discharging pipe, and the seeds are discharged through the seed discharging port after knocking the triggering mechanism. The sensor is triggered through a physical transmission method, improving the measurement accuracy of the sensor.

[0008] Further, the triggering mechanism includes: an air chamber and a diaphragm. The air chamber is installed at the free end of the seed discharging pipe. The air chamber has an open structure at one end. The diaphragm is installed at the opening position of the air chamber. The sensor is connected to the diaphragm. The diaphragm is located on the seed discharging trajectory of the seed discharging pipe.

[0009] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further technical solution are as follows: An air-actuated trigger sensor structure is installed at the radial end of the seed metering tube. This structure consists of an air chamber and a sensor, and both ends of the air chamber are formed by diaphragms. Before the seeds are discharged, the seeds reach the diaphragm along the radial direction of the seed metering tube. The diaphragm is deformed by the momentum of the seeds, squeezing the gas in the air chamber, and thus the diaphragm is deformed to trigger the sensor.

[0010] Further, the diaphragm is divided into a first diaphragm and a second diaphragm. One end of the first diaphragm is connected to one end of the second diaphragm, and the other ends of the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are respectively connected to both ends of the air chamber. The first diaphragm is located on the seed discharging trajectory of the seed metering tube, and the sensor is connected to the second diaphragm; there is gas in the air chamber, and the air pressure of the gas in the air chamber is greater than or equal to the atmospheric pressure; the cross-section of the air chamber is L-shaped.

[0011] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further technical solution are as follows: The first diaphragm contacts the discharged seeds, and the second diaphragm contacts the sensor. A seed discharging port is opened at the tangential end of the seed metering tube, and the seeds are discharged through the seed discharging port after hitting the first diaphragm. The internal spaces of the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are sealed to form an air chamber, and gas greater than or equal to the atmospheric pressure is filled before sealing. Before the seeds are discharged, the seeds reach the first diaphragm along the radial direction of the seed metering tube. The first diaphragm is deformed by the momentum of the seeds, squeezing the gas in the air chamber, and thus the second diaphragm is deformed to trigger the sensor.

[0012] Further, the triggering mechanism includes: a rod body and an elastic component. The middle of the rod body is hinged to the free end of the seed metering tube. One end of the rod body is located on the seed discharging trajectory of the seed metering tube, and the sensor is connected to the other end of the rod body. Both ends of the elastic component are respectively connected to the rod body and the seed metering tube; or, the triggering mechanism is a diaphragm air chamber formed by diaphragms. One end of the diaphragm air chamber is connected to the free end of the seed metering tube, and the sensor is connected to the free end of the diaphragm air chamber.

[0013] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further technical solution are as follows: As an alternative to the triggering mechanism composed of an air chamber and a diaphragm, a triggering mechanism can be composed of a rod body and an elastic component or a diaphragm air chamber, which is convenient for selecting the structural type of the triggering mechanism according to actual needs.

[0014] Further, the sensor is connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to a speed sensor and a timer for detecting the traveling speed of the seeding machine.

[0015] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further technical solution are as follows: The setting of the controller facilitates the automatic acquisition and analysis of data, improving automation. The speed sensor is used to collect the traveling speed of the seeding machine. The timer is used to count the time interval.

[0016] Further, the sensor is a barometric pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, a vibration sensor or a pressure sensor.

[0017] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is: multiple implementable sensor types, and the user can select the sensor type according to actual needs.

[0018] Further, the seed tube is divided into a first seed tube and a second seed tube. One end of the first seed tube is connected to the second seed tube through a connecting pipe. The triggering mechanism is installed at the free end of the second seed tube. A seed discharging port is arranged on one side of the free end of the second seed tube; the other end of the first seed tube is connected with a seed metering device.

[0019] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is: it is convenient to realize the sowing work, and the structure is simple. It is convenient for the installation and maintenance of each component.

[0020] In addition, the present invention also provides a seeding machine, including a seeding spacing detection device according to any one of the above.

[0021] The beneficial effect of adopting the technical solution of the present invention is: a seed discharging port is arranged at the tangential end of the seed tube, and the seeds are discharged through the seed discharging port after knocking the triggering mechanism. The sensor is triggered by a physical transmission method, improving the measurement accuracy of the sensor.

[0022] In addition, the present invention also provides a seeding spacing calculation method. Based on a seeding spacing detection device according to any one of the above, the seeding spacing calculation method includes: S1. Collect the triggering times of the seeds in the seed tube contacting the triggering mechanism and the traveling speed of the seeding machine; S2. According to the triggering times, count the time interval when the seeds fall onto the field; S3. Calculate the seeding spacing according to the time interval and the traveling speed of the seeding machine.

[0023] The beneficial effect of adopting the technical solution of the present invention is: a seed discharging port is arranged at the tangential end of the seed tube, and the seeds are discharged through the seed discharging port after knocking the triggering mechanism. The sensor is triggered by a physical transmission method, improving the measurement accuracy of the sensor.

[0024] Further, in step S3, the seeding spacing is calculated by the following formula: D i =V*T i , where D i is the seeding spacing, T i is the time interval, and V is the traveling speed of the seeding machine.

[0025] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is: the calculation formula is simplified, which is convenient for quickly and accurately calculating the seeding spacing. The working efficiency is improved.

[0026] Advantages of additional aspects of the present invention will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through practice of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0027] Figure 1 One of the schematic structural diagrams of the seeding spacing detection device provided for the embodiments of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 Another schematic structural diagram of the seeding spacing detection device provided for the embodiments of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 Another schematic structural diagram of the seeding spacing detection device provided for the embodiments of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the seeding spacing of seeds on the ground provided for the embodiments of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 One of the sensor trigger signal diagrams provided for the embodiments of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 Another sensor trigger signal diagram provided for the embodiments of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 Schematic flow block diagram of the seeding spacing calculation method provided for the embodiments of the present invention.

[0034] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings: 1, seed metering tube; 2, sensor; 3, triggering mechanism; 4, seed discharging port; 5, air chamber; 6, first diaphragm; 7, second diaphragm; 8, first seed metering tube; 9, second seed metering tube; 10, seed metering device; 11, seeds; 12, connecting pipe. Detailed Embodiments

[0035] The principles and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The illustrated embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0036] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, the embodiments of the present invention provide a seeding spacing detection device, including: a seed metering tube 1, a sensor 2 and a triggering mechanism 3. The triggering mechanism 3 is installed at the free end of the seed metering tube 1. The sensor 2 is connected to the triggering mechanism 3. A seed discharging port 4 is provided on one side of the free end of the seed metering tube 1.

[0037] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of the present invention are: a seed discharging port is opened at the tangential end of the seed metering tube, and the seeds are discharged through the seed discharging port after knocking the triggering mechanism. The sensor is triggered through a physical transmission method, improving the measurement accuracy of the sensor.

[0038] By redesigning the pneumatic sensor (sensor) and triggering the sensor through physical transmission, the measurement accuracy of the sensor can be improved.

[0039] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, further, the triggering mechanism 3 includes: an air chamber 5 and a diaphragm. The air chamber 5 is installed at the free end of the seed metering tube 1. The air chamber 5 has an open end structure. The diaphragm is installed at the opening position of the air chamber 5. The sensor 2 is connected to the diaphragm. The diaphragm is located on the seed metering trajectory of the seed metering tube 1.

[0040] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is: adding a pneumatic trigger sensor structure at the radial end of the seed metering tube. This structure consists of an air chamber and a sensor, and both ends of the air chamber are formed by diaphragms. Before the seeds are discharged, the seeds reach the diaphragm along the radial direction of the seed metering tube. The diaphragm is deformed by the momentum of the seeds, squeezing the gas in the air chamber, and thus the diaphragm is deformed to trigger the sensor.

[0041] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, further, the diaphragm is divided into a first diaphragm 6 and a second diaphragm 7. One end of the first diaphragm 6 is connected to one end of the second diaphragm 7. The other end of the first diaphragm 6 and the other end of the second diaphragm 7 are respectively connected to both ends of the air chamber 5. The first diaphragm 6 is located on the seed metering trajectory of the seed metering tube 1. The sensor 2 is connected to the second diaphragm 7. There is gas in the air chamber 5, and the air pressure of the gas in the air chamber 5 is greater than or equal to the atmospheric pressure. The cross-section of the air chamber 5 is L-shaped.

[0042] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further technical solution is: the first diaphragm contacts the discharged seeds, and the second diaphragm contacts the sensor. A seed discharging port is opened at the tangential end of the seed metering tube. After the seeds strike the first diaphragm, they are discharged through the seed discharging port. The internal spaces of the first diaphragm and the second diaphragm are sealed to form an air chamber, and gas with a pressure greater than or equal to the atmospheric pressure is filled before sealing. Before the seeds are discharged, the seeds reach the first diaphragm along the radial direction of the seed metering tube. The first diaphragm is deformed by the momentum of the seeds, squeezing the gas in the air chamber, and thus the second diaphragm is deformed to trigger the sensor.

[0043] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, further, the triggering mechanism 3 includes: a rod body and an elastic member. The middle of the rod body is hinged to the free end of the seed metering tube 1. One end of the rod body is located on the seed metering trajectory of the seed metering tube 1. The sensor 2 is connected to the other end of the rod body. Both ends of the elastic member are respectively connected to the rod body and the seed metering tube 1; or, the triggering mechanism 3 is a diaphragm air chamber surrounded by diaphragms. One end of the diaphragm air chamber is connected to the free end of the seed metering tube 1. The sensor 2 is connected to the free end of the diaphragm air chamber.

[0044] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further technical solution are as follows: As an alternative solution to the triggering mechanism composed of an air chamber and a diaphragm, a triggering mechanism can be composed of a rod body and an elastic component or a diaphragm air chamber, which is convenient for selecting the structural type of the triggering mechanism according to actual needs.

[0045] Among them, both ends of the elastic component can be respectively connected to the sensor and the other end of the rod body, and the elastic component can be a compression spring, a tension spring, a torsion spring, etc.

[0046] For the detection method of seeding spacing, it is mainly required that the sensor detects with high precision and monitors accurately. A mechanical sensor can be used in combination with relevant mechanisms to achieve the purpose of high-precision measurement.

[0047] 1. Generally, an optical sensor is installed in the tangential direction of the seed metering tube, and this pneumatic trigger sensor is installed in the radial position. Seeds can directly impact the air chamber, which is equivalent to directly impacting the sensor.

[0048] 2. The pneumatic sensor combines the air chamber with the trigger sensor (sensor), and the shape of the air chamber can be designed and changed, and the installation position of the sensor can also be changed.

[0049] Furthermore, the sensor 2 is connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to a speed sensor and a timer for detecting the traveling speed of the seeder.

[0050] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further technical solution are as follows: The setting of the controller facilitates the automatic acquisition and analysis of data, improving automation. The speed sensor is used to collect the traveling speed of the seeder. The timer is used to count the time interval.

[0051] Furthermore, the sensor 2 is a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, a vibration sensor or a pressure sensor.

[0052] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further technical solution are as follows: There are various implementable sensor types, and users can select the sensor type according to actual needs.

[0053] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, furthermore, the seed metering tube 1 is divided into a first seed metering tube 8 and a second seed metering tube 9. One end of the first seed metering tube 8 is connected to the second seed metering tube 9 through a connecting pipe 12. The triggering mechanism 3 is installed at the free end of the second seed metering tube 9. A seed discharging port 4 is arranged on one side of the free end of the second seed metering tube 9. The other end of the first seed metering tube 8 is connected to a seed metering device 10.

[0054] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further technical solution are as follows: It is convenient to implement seeding work, and the structure is simple. It is convenient for the installation and maintenance of each component.

[0055] The seeding spacing detection device provided by the embodiment of the present invention can be a seed metering device sensing and detecting mechanism, mainly composed of a seed metering device 10, a first seed tube 8, a second seed tube 9, a connecting tube 12, a pneumatic sensor and other parts.

[0056] 1. Seeds 11 are discharged through the seed metering device 10. Theoretically, the spacing of seeds 11 in the seed tube 1 is consistent.

[0057] 2. A pneumatic trigger sensor structure is installed at the radial end of the second seed tube 9. This structure is composed of an air chamber 5 and a sensor 2. Both ends of the air chamber 5 are composed of diaphragms. The first diaphragm 6 contacts the discharged seeds, and the second diaphragm 7 contacts the trigger sensor (sensor 2).

[0058] 3. A seed discharging port 4 is opened at the tangential end of the second seed tube 9. After the seeds 11 strike the first diaphragm 6, they are discharged through the seed discharging port 4.

[0059] 4. The internal spaces of the first diaphragm 6 and the second diaphragm 7 are sealed to form an air chamber 5. It is only necessary to fill the air chamber with gas greater than or equal to atmospheric pressure before sealing.

[0060] Before the seeds 11 are discharged, the seeds 11 reach the first diaphragm 6 along the radial direction of the second seed tube 9. The first diaphragm 6 is deformed by the momentum of the seeds, squeezing the gas in the air chamber 5, so that the second diaphragm 7 is deformed to trigger the trigger sensor (sensor).

[0061] In addition, the present invention also provides a seeder, including the seeding spacing detection device described in any one of the above.

[0062] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of the present invention are as follows: A seed discharging port is opened at the tangential end of the seed tube, and the seeds are discharged through the seed discharging port after striking the trigger mechanism. The sensor is triggered by a physical transmission method, improving the measurement accuracy of the sensor.

[0063] As Figure 7 shown, in addition, the present invention also provides a seeding spacing calculation method. Based on the seeding spacing detection device described in any one of the above, the seeding spacing calculation method includes: S1. Collect the trigger times of the seeds in the seed tube contacting the trigger mechanism and the traveling speed of the seeder; S2. According to the trigger times, count the time intervals when the seeds fall onto the field; S3. Calculate the seeding spacing according to the time intervals and the traveling speed of the seeder.

[0064] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical solution of the present invention are as follows: A seed discharging port is opened at the tangential end of the seed tube, and the seeds are discharged through the seed discharging port after striking the trigger mechanism. The sensor is triggered by a physical transmission method, improving the measurement accuracy of the sensor.

[0065] Further, in step S3, the seeding spacing is calculated by the following formula: D i =V*Ti , where D i is the seeding spacing, T i is the time interval, and V is the traveling speed of the seeder.

[0066] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further technical solution are: simplifying the calculation formula, facilitating quick and accurate calculation of the seeding spacing, and improving work efficiency.

[0067] The seeding interval time and the traveling speed of the seeder are counted through sensors to calculate the actual seeding spacing of the seeds 11.

[0068] As Figure 4 shown, Figure 4 in it, the horizontal line is the ground, the circles on the ground are seeds, and d i (i = 1, 2…n) is the seeding spacing. Let the traveling speed per hour of the seeder (the traveling speed of the seeder) be V, and the seed spacing (seeding spacing) be d i (i = 1, 2…n), and the time interval is T i (i = 1, 2…n), and the speed per hour of each time interval T i is V i (i = 1, 2…n). The seeding time is T, and the seeding distance is D.

[0069] Among them,

[0070] Then D i = V i * T i .

[0071] To count the qualified variation coefficient k of the seed spacing as the characterization of the seeding spacing performance of the metering device, it is necessary to accurately obtain the seed spacing D i , and its calculation formula is:

[0072]

[0073] Among them

[0074] In addition, the definition of the multiple seeding rate and the missed seeding rate in the embodiments of the present invention is as follows:

[0075] Let the theoretical plant spacing be X, and let event A = {the distance d between adjacent seeds a , }, that is, multiple seeding. Let event B = {the distance d between adjacent seeds b , }, that is, missed seeding. The multiple seeding rate and the missed seeding rate 1 are both based on the test standard of the thousand-seed distance for seeding, that is, 1000 * X.

[0076] Then, A1 = N A / 1000; B1 = NB / 1000.

[0077] Among them, N A is the number of reseeding event A occurring within the sowing distance of 1,000 seeds, N B It is the number of times the missed seeding event B occurs within the sowing distance of 1,000 seeds.

[0078] After the seed 11 contacts the first diaphragm 6, the momentum of the seed is transmitted to the second diaphragm 7 through the gas in the air chamber 5, so that the sensor 2 is excited, and the time interval T of the seed 11 falling into the field is counted. i .

[0079] Record the speed V of the tractor driving the seeder during sowing, then D i =V*T i .

[0080] like Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, Figure 5 This is the trigger signal diagram of the sensor when the seed drill's travel speed is 10km / H. Figure 6 This is the trigger signal diagram of the sensor when the seed drill's travel speed is 8km / H. Figure 5 and Figure 6 In the graph, the horizontal axis is time (in S) and the vertical axis is the signal (0 or 1).

[0081] When the vehicle speed (the driving speed of the seeder) is 10 km / H, the interval of the trigger signal is 0.04 s; when the vehicle speed (the driving speed of the seeder) is 8 km / H, the sensor trigger time interval is about 0.05 s, and the inter-seed spacing can be calculated to be 11 cm.

[0082] The mechanical trigger sensor improves the accuracy of the seeding trigger detection of the seed meter, avoiding the measurement error caused by the optical sensor and causing distortion of other test data.

[0083] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A sowing spacing detection device, characterized in that: include: A seed discharging tube, a sensor and a trigger mechanism, wherein the trigger mechanism is installed at the free end of the seed discharging tube, the sensor is connected to the trigger mechanism, and a seed discharging port is arranged on one side of the free end of the seed discharging tube.

2. A sowing spacing detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger mechanism includes: an air chamber and a diaphragm. The air chamber is installed at the free end of the seed discharging tube. The air chamber is an open structure at one end. The diaphragm is installed at the opening position of the air chamber. The sensor is connected to the diaphragm. The diaphragm is located on the seed discharging track of the seed discharging tube.

3. A sowing spacing detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diaphragm is divided into a first diaphragm and a second diaphragm, one end of the first diaphragm is connected to one end of the second diaphragm, the other end of the first diaphragm and the other end of the second diaphragm are respectively connected to the two ends of the air chamber, the first diaphragm is located on the seeding track of the seeding tube, and the sensor is connected to the second diaphragm; gas is provided in the air chamber, and the gas pressure of the gas in the air chamber is greater than or equal to atmospheric pressure; the cross-section of the air chamber is L-shaped.

4. A sowing spacing detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger mechanism includes: a rod body and an elastic component, the middle part of the rod body is hinged to the free end of the seed discharging tube, one end of the rod body is located on the seed discharging track of the seed discharging tube, the sensor is connected to the other end of the rod body, and the two ends of the elastic component are respectively connected to the rod body and the seed discharging tube; or, the trigger mechanism is a diaphragm air chamber surrounded by a diaphragm, one end of the diaphragm air chamber is connected to the free end of the seed discharging tube, and the sensor is connected to the free end of the diaphragm air chamber.

5. A sowing spacing detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor is connected to a controller, and the controller is connected to a speed sensor and a timer for detecting the traveling speed of the seed drill.

6. A sowing spacing detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sensor is an air pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, a vibration sensor or a pressure sensor.

7. A sowing spacing detection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The seed-row tube is divided into a first seed-row tube and a second seed-row tube. One end of the first seed-row tube is connected to the second seed-row tube through a connecting tube. The trigger mechanism is installed at the free end of the second seed-row tube. A seed-row port is provided on one side of the free end of the second seed-row tube. The other end of the first seed-row tube is connected to a seed-meter.

8. A seed drill, characterized in that: A sowing spacing detection device comprising any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A method for calculating the sowing spacing, characterized in that: Based on a sowing spacing detection device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 above, a sowing spacing calculation method includes: S1, collecting the triggering times of the seed contact trigger mechanism in the seed tube and the travel speed of the seeder; S2. Count the time intervals for seeds to fall to the field according to the number of triggers; S3. Calculate the sowing spacing according to the time interval and the driving speed of the seeder.

10. A method for calculating the sowing spacing according to claim 9, characterized in that: In step S3, the sowing spacing is calculated by the following formula: D i =V*T i , Among them, D i is the sowing spacing, T i is the time interval, and V is the travel speed of the seeder.

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