Corn high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing regulator as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a high-temperature-resistant and yield-increasing regulator for corn and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of corn growth regulators, the high-temperature-resistant and yield-increasing regulator for corn comprises the following active ingredients: 50-200g / L of 2-chloroethyl phosphonic acid, 5-15g / L of glycine betaine, 3-15g / L of organic acid and 5-60g / L of citral. The high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing regulator for the corn can achieve multiple effects after being used once, and compared with an existing crop heat-damage-resistant regulator, the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing regulator for the corn has the advantages of being small in investment, wide in action range and capable of comprehensively improving the high-temperature-resistant heat-damage-resistant capacity of the corn, guaranteeing normal growth and development of the corn and improving the yield.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of corn growth regulators, and particularly relates to a corn high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, the climate has been continuously warming, and abnormal high-temperature weather has brought serious harm to corn production. The corn in the affected fields generally has a reduction in yield of about 20%, and in severe fields, it reaches 50%. Research shows that under high-temperature stress, the activity of photosynthetic proteases in leaves decreases, the chloroplast structure is damaged, and the photosynthesis function declines; the respiration is enhanced, the consumption increases, and the dry matter accumulation decreases; high-temperature stress causes the acceleration of physiological and biochemical reactions related to the growth and development of corn, shortens the growth stages of vegetative organs and ears, makes the ear smaller, and causes premature senescence of corn plants; moreover, if high temperature occurs during the flowering and pollination period, it will lead to short and few branches of the male spike, degeneration of florets, shriveled anthers, and reduced pollen viability; abnormal differentiation occurs in various parts of the female spike, the silking of the female spike is delayed, resulting in the mismatch of the flowering periods of male and female spikes, poor pollination and fruit setting, barren ears or even bare axes; it seriously affects the grain yield and quality of corn.

[0003] In view of the impact of high-temperature heat damage on corn, conventional cultivation measures such as selecting excellent heat-resistant varieties, appropriately adjusting the sowing date, reducing the planting density, scientifically managing water and fertilizer, and assisting pollination have, to a certain extent, alleviated the impact of high-temperature heat damage on corn. However, the light and temperature characteristics of corn varieties have geographical limitations, which restricts their large-scale application; the current light and temperature distribution in the Huang-Huai-Hai wheat-corn double-cropping area limits the choice of the corn sowing date; most of the corn planting areas are rain-fed areas, and the implementation of measures such as water and fertilizer management and artificial flower pollination is greatly affected by natural rainfall; therefore, it is difficult for conventional cultivation techniques to solve the problem of heat stress in a timely and effective manner.

[0004] Currently, in corn production, regulators are sprayed on the leaves, such as spraying fulvic acid, plant auxin, calcium phosphate solution, potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution, etc. on the leaves to enhance the stress resistance of corn. However, the effect is not obvious in reducing the impact of high-temperature heat damage, and the problem of heat stress in production has not been solved. Therefore, researching and developing a new type of corn high-temperature stress-resistant regulator and supporting application technologies to ensure high and stable yields of corn under high-temperature heat stress have important practical significance for promoting the development of the corn industry. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a corn high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator, a preparation method thereof, and an application thereof. The corn high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator provided by the present invention has the ability to improve the high-temperature heat stress resistance of corn; under high-temperature stress, it promotes high-quality, high-yield, and stable production of corn.

[0006] The present invention provides a high-temperature-resistant and yield-increasing regulator for corn, which comprises active ingredients in the following concentrations: 50-200 g / L of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, 5-15 g / L of glycine betaine, 3-15 g / L of organic acid, and 5-60 g / L of citral.

[0007] Preferably, it comprises active ingredients in the following concentrations: 100-150 g / L of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, 6-12 g / L of glycine betaine, 5-10 g / L of organic acid, and 10-50 g / L of citral.

[0008] Preferably, it further comprises 15-25 ml / L of a spreading agent; the spreading agent is Triton or Tween.

[0009] Preferably, the high-temperature-resistant and yield-increasing regulator for corn is a liquid preparation, and water and ethanol are used as solvents.

[0010] Preferably, the organic acid is malic acid.

[0011] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the high-temperature-resistant and yield-increasing regulator for corn, which comprises the following steps:

[0012] 1) Dissolve 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, glycine betaine and organic acid in water to obtain a first solution;

[0013] 2) Dissolve citral in an ethanol solution to obtain a second solution;

[0014] 3) Mix the first solution and the second solution and make up the volume to obtain the high-temperature-resistant and yield-increasing regulator for corn.

[0015] Preferably, the spreading agent is dissolved in the first solution.

[0016] Preferably, in step 2), the volume concentration of the ethanol solution is 65%-75%; the mass-volume ratio of citral to the ethanol solution is 1 g: 2-5 ml.

[0017] The present invention provides the application of the high-temperature-resistant and yield-increasing regulator for corn in enhancing the high-temperature heat damage resistance ability and lodging resistance ability of corn and / or increasing the yield of corn.

[0018] Preferably, the application method of the high-temperature-resistant and yield-increasing regulator for corn is spraying on the leaf surface or coating seeds as a component of a seed coating agent.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The corn high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator provided by the present invention comprises 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, glycine betaine, organic acid and citral; the corn high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator has multiple functions of enhancing the high-temperature stress resistance ability of corn, promoting the development of male and female ears and increasing the yield, and has the characteristics of non-toxic, no side effects, low cost, convenient use, etc. The corn high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator can achieve multiple effects by one application. Compared with the existing crop heat damage regulators, it has the advantages of less investment, wide action range, can comprehensively improve the high-temperature heat damage resistance ability of corn, ensure the normal growth and development of corn and increase the yield, thus playing a positive promoting role in corn production.

[0020] The present invention has conducted multi-point demonstration tests and observations in Hebei Province, Henan Province and Shandong Province. After applying the corn high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator, no high-temperature stress disasters occurred in all the tested corn fields in 2022 and 2023, while different degrees of high-temperature stress disasters occurred in the control fields, and the disaster-affected rate was between 40% and 70%; after using the corn high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator, the pollination rate and seed setting rate both increased, and the yield increased by more than 40% on average.

[0021] The corn high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator has the following beneficial effects on corn plants: 1) After use, the corn roots are huge, with a large number of nodal roots, long root length, a large number of secondary roots and a large number of root tips, and a large root surface area; the root activity is strong; the root bleeding sap is abundant; the seedlings are neat, strong and have strong high-temperature resistance. 2) After use, the protective enzyme activities (SOD, POD, CAT) of the corn functional leaves increase, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the leaves decreases, the high-temperature stress resistance ability is enhanced, and the photosynthesis of the leaves is enhanced. 3) After use, the three leaves of the corn ear become thicker and darker green, the net photosynthetic rate increases, and the photosynthesis functional period is prolonged. 4) After use, the high-temperature stress resistance ability of corn increases, the pollen and stigma vitality increase, and the effective pollination period is prolonged; the flowering pollination rate and seed setting rate increase, the average number of grains per ear and the 1000-grain weight increase, and it promotes early maturity. 5) After use, it can promote ear growth and seed filling, reduce bald tips, reduce flower grains, improve the quality of corn, increase the yield, and the yield increase is more than 30%. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 It is a photo of the whole plant and roots for promoting root development and improving the high-temperature resistance ability of corn by spraying Example 12 at the jointing stage (6 expanded leaves);

[0023] Figure 2 It is a photo of the stem and roots for promoting root development and improving the high-temperature resistance ability of corn by spraying Example 12 at the jointing stage (6 expanded leaves);

[0024] Figure 3 It is a photo of the comparison of single roots for promoting root development and improving the high-temperature resistance ability of corn by spraying Example 12 at the jointing stage (6 expanded leaves);

[0025] Figure 4 Effect of spraying Example 12 and water control at jointing stage (6 unfolded leaves) on the development of maize female ear under high temperature. Detailed implementation mode

[0026] The present invention provides a maize high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator, which comprises active ingredients with the following concentrations: 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid 50-200 g / L, glycine betaine 5-15 g / L, organic acid 3-15 g / L, citral 5-60 g / L.

[0027] In the present invention, the maize high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator comprises 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid 50-200 g / L, preferably 100-150 g / L.

[0028] From the perspectives of promoting the establishment of a large root system in maize, improving root vitality, enhancing the water absorption capacity of roots and shortening the internodes of the stem, the present invention selects chlormequat (CCC), mepiquat-chloride (Pix), uniconazole (PP333), daminozide (B9), 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (ethephon, Eth), glyphosine. Among them, the effects of chlormequat and mepiquat-chloride on inducing the root development of maize and shortening internodes are significantly lower than those of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, and the application amounts are high; the effects of uniconazole and daminozide on inducing the root development of maize and shortening internodes are better, comparable to those of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid. However, both of them result in an extended growth period of maize, and the tasseling and silking periods are delayed by more than 7 days. Moreover, uniconazole and daminozide have a long half-life in the soil, which has a great impact on subsequent crops. And uniconazole and daminozide are not soluble in water and are not easy to form a stable solution with glycine betaine, malic acid and citral in the present invention. Therefore, glyphosine and 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid are preferred. The effects of glyphosine (chemical name: N,N-bis(phosphonomethyl)glycine) and 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid on inducing the root development of maize and shortening internodes are both good, and both of them are soluble in water and can form a stable mixed solution with glycine betaine, malic acid and citral. However, the number of grains per ear and 1000-grain weight of maize treated with 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid are significantly higher than those treated with glyphosine, and the maize yield is significantly higher than that treated with glyphosine. Therefore, considering the application method and practical effect, 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid is the optimal component as a foliar spray.

[0029] 2-Chloroethylphosphonic acid, common name: Ethephon (English name: Ethephon, abbreviation: Eth), molecular formula C7H8ClN, molecular weight 149.7. The pure product is a white needle-like crystal, melting point 74°C - 75°C, boiling point about 265°C (decomposed), density 1.409 ± 0.02 g / cm3 (20°C, technical material). It is readily soluble in water and poorly soluble in acetone and ethyl acetate; solubility in water is about 1 kg / L (23°C), stable in aqueous solution at pH < 3.5, and ethylene is released upon hydrolysis as the pH increases. It is sensitive to ultraviolet light and stable under normal pressure and below 75°C. After being sprayed on the corn leaf surface and absorbed, 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid releases ethylene in the plant. Its main functions are: enhancing the synthesis ability of ribonucleic acid in plant cells and promoting protein synthesis; enhancing the activity of phosphatase and promoting fruit ripening; increasing the activity of peroxidase and enhancing plant stress resistance; ethylene can induce the development of nodal roots in corn, promote root construction, improve root vitality, enhance the ability of roots to absorb and transport water, and improve the high-temperature stress resistance of corn; inhibiting the synthesis of endogenous auxin, in corn, ethylene inhibits cell elongation, dwarfs plant height, reduces ear height, and resists lodging.

[0030] In the present invention, the high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator for corn comprises glycine betaine at 5 - 15 g / L, preferably 6 - 12 g / L, more preferably 6.67 - 11.11 g / L.

[0031] From the perspectives of improving plant cell permeability, enhancing the activity of protective enzymes, and improving the heat resistance of plant cells, the present invention selects alkylacylamide betaine, hydroxypropylsulfobetaine, and glycine betaine. Among them, the high-temperature stress resistance effect of alkylamide betaine and hydroxypropylsulfobetaine is significantly lower than that of glycine betaine, and moreover, a lot of foam is generated during the preparation process and it is not easy to form a stable solution. Therefore, considering the application method and practical effect, glycine betaine is the optimal component as a foliar spray agent.

[0032] Glycine betaine (Betaine, BET): Chemical name: N,N,N-trimethylglycine, molecular formula: C5H 11 NO2, molecular weight: 117.15, melting point: 293°C, appearance is a white scaly or prismatic crystalline powder, odorless, sweet, extremely soluble in water, readily soluble in methanol, soluble in ethanol, slightly soluble in ether. It has hygroscopicity and is extremely prone to deliquescence, and trimethylamine will be decomposed in strong alkali. It is non-toxic and is a commonly used food additive. Oral LD50 for male white rats: 11.20 g / kg, oral LD50 for female white rats: 11.15 g / kg. CAS No.: 107-43-7, EINECS No.: 203-490-6. Density: 1.00 g / cm 3。Glycine betaine is a secondary metabolite of plant metabolism and an important osmotic regulator. When faced with saline-alkali and high-temperature drought stresses, betaine in cells expels inorganic osmolytes (such as Na + , Mg 2+ , etc.) into the vacuole, maintaining the osmotic balance between the cytoplasm and the vacuole and avoiding the toxicity of high-concentration inorganic ions in the cytoplasm to enzymes and metabolism. The research of this invention finds that under high-temperature stress, glycine betaine can reduce the level of membrane lipid peroxidation, improve the stability of cell membranes, effectively protect the structures and functions of membrane proteins and enzyme proteins, and ensure the normal progress of maize physiological metabolism. In this regulator, under high-temperature stress, glycine betaine has the effects of improving the photosynthetic performance of maize leaves, prolonging the photosynthetic lifespan of leaves during the grain filling period, reducing the rate of unfilled grains and empty husks, and increasing the yield and quality of maize grains.

[0033] In this invention, the high-temperature-resistant yield-increasing regulator for maize includes 3 - 15 g / L of organic acid, preferably 5 - 10 g / L; the organic acid is preferably malic acid, more preferably L-malic acid; from the perspectives of promoting the development of female ears, improving pollen viability and increasing the pollination rate under high-temperature stress, this invention selects citric acid (2-hydroxypropane-1,2,3-tricarboxylic acid), succinic acid (butanedioic acid), and malic acid (2-hydroxybutanedioic acid). Among them, under high-temperature stress, the pollination rate and the number of grains per ear of maize treated with citric acid and succinic acid are significantly lower than those treated with malic acid, and moreover, the harvested yield is significantly lower than that treated with malic acid. Therefore, considering the practical effects, malic acid has the best effect as a foliar spray.

[0034] Malic acid, chemical name: 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid, English name: malic acid, molecular formula C4H6O5, molecular weight 134.09. Malic acid is a colorless needle crystal or white crystal powder, odorless, easily soluble in water, methanol, ethanol, and acetone, and insoluble in benzene. Density: 1.595 g / cm 3 , melting point: 101 - 103 °C, boiling point: 306.4 °C, CAS number 6915-15-7, EINECS number: 210-514-9. Malic acid is an intermediate in the tricarboxylic acid cycle of organisms and exists as an endogenous substance (L-malic acid) in the fruits of all plants. Under high-temperature stress, L-malic acid has the effect of reducing the toxicity of negative oxygen ions to healthy plant cells and ensuring the normal progress of various physiological and biochemical metabolic processes within the cells. The research of this invention finds that under high-temperature stress, treatment with L-malic acid can promote the development of maize female ears and fertilized grains, and increase the number of grains per ear and the 1000-grain weight.

[0035] In the present invention, the corn high-temperature resistant yield increasing regulator comprises citral at 5-60 g / L, preferably 10-50 g / L. Under high-temperature stress, from the perspectives of improving the heat resistance of corn, promoting root development, promoting cell division of root meristems, stimulating the development of lateral root branches, and enhancing the photosynthetic function of leaves, citronitrile (3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene nitrile), citral (3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene aldehyde), and citronellal (3,7-dimethyl-6-octenal) were selected. Among them, the effects of citronitrile and citronellal in inducing corn root development and enhancing photosynthetic efficiency are significantly lower than that of citral. Moreover, citronitrile is highly stimulating, harmful by inhalation and skin contact, and causes long-term harm to the water environment after dissolving in water; citronellal undergoes a cyclization reaction when mixed with 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid and malic acid to form menthol. Therefore, considering the application method and practical effects, citral is the optimal component as a foliar spray agent.

[0036] Citral, alias: neral, geranial, citral; Chemical name: 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene aldehyde (English chemical name: 3,7-dimethyl-2,6-octadiene aldehyde); Molecular formula: C 10 H 16 O, molecular weight 152.24. The pure product is a light yellow oily volatile liquid with a lemon fragrance, stable under normal temperature and pressure, and unstable in alkaline and strong acidic conditions. It is sparingly soluble in water and soluble in organic solvents such as ethanol and acetone. Relative density (20 °C, 4 °C): 0.8889, melting point: >300 °C, boiling point (at normal pressure): 228 °C, boiling point 228 - 229 °C. Toxicity: LD50 by oral administration to rats is 4960 mg / kg. CAS No. 5392-40-5, EINECS No.: 226-394-6. As an endogenous active substance in root tissues, citral can promote cell division of root meristems, stimulate the branching of lateral roots, and promote the vertical downward growth of roots, promoting the formation of a compact root system in crops; the research of the present invention found that citral can enhance the ability of crops to resist adversity stresses such as salinity, high temperature and drought, improve root vitality, and promote the vegetative growth and the development of male and female inflorescences of corn.

[0037] In the present invention, the corn high-temperature resistant yield increasing regulator further comprises a spreading agent at 15-25 ml / L, preferably 18-22 ml / L; the spreading agent is selected from Triton and Tween types, preferably Tween types, and further preferably includes Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60, Tween 80 or Tween 85. The spreading agent can promote the infiltration of the liquid medicine on the leaf surface of the plant, promote the absorption of the liquid medicine, and effectively improve the effect of the liquid medicine.

[0038] In the present invention, the corn high-temperature resistant yield increasing regulator is preferably a liquid preparation, with water and ethanol as solvents. In the present invention, ethanol is used to dissolve citral, and water is used to dissolve 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, glycine betaine and malic acid.

[0039] Ethyl alcohol, chemical name: ethanol, molecular formula: C2H5OH, molecular weight: 46.07. It is a colorless, transparent liquid with a special fragrance (volatile), with a density smaller than that of water, and can be miscible with water in any ratio. It is mainly used as a solvent, cleaning agent and analytical reagent. Melting point (°C): -114.1, boiling point (°C): 78.3, relative density (water = 1): 0.79, relative vapor density (air = 1): 1.59, saturated vapor pressure (kPa): 5.33 (19 °C), combustion heat (kJ / mol): 1365.5, critical temperature (°C): 243.1, critical pressure (MPa): 6.38, logarithm of octanol / water partition coefficient: 0.32, flash point (°C): 12, ignition temperature (°C): 363, explosion upper limit % (V / V): 19.0, explosion lower limit % (V / V): 3.3, solubility: miscible with water, miscible with most organic solvents such as ether, chloroform, glycerol, etc.

[0040] The present invention also provides a preparation method of the corn high-temperature resistant yield increasing regulator, comprising the following steps: 1) Dissolve 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, glycine betaine and organic acid in water to obtain a first solution; 2) Dissolve citral in an ethanol solution to obtain a second solution; 3) Mix the first solution and the second solution and make up the volume to obtain the corn high-temperature resistant yield increasing regulator.

[0041] In the present invention, dissolve 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, glycine betaine and organic acid in water to obtain a first solution; preferably, first dissolve 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in water, then add glycine betaine and organic acid, and after complete dissolution, add a spreading agent to obtain the first solution;

[0042] In the present invention, dissolve citral in an ethanol solution to obtain a second solution. The volume concentration of the ethanol solution is preferably 65% - 75%, more preferably 68% - 72%, and even more preferably 70%; in the present invention, the mass-volume ratio of the citral to the ethanol solution is preferably 1 g: 2 - 5 ml, more preferably 1 g: 2.5 - 4 ml, and even more preferably 1 g: 3 ml.

[0043] After obtaining the first solution and the second solution in the present invention, mix the first solution and the second solution and make up the volume to obtain the corn high-temperature resistant yield increasing regulator; the volume makeup is preferably carried out with water.

[0044] The present invention also provides the application of the corn high-temperature resistant yield increasing regulator in enhancing the high-temperature heat damage resistance ability, lodging resistance ability of corn and / or increasing the yield of corn.

[0045] In the present invention, the application method of the corn high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator is preferably spraying on the leaf surface or coating the seeds as a component of the seed coating agent. In the present invention, it is preferably applied at the jointing stage (6-leaf stage) of corn. When applying, it is preferably diluted with water to 500-700 times solution, and then sprayed on the leaf surface.

[0046] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0047] 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid (Jiangsu Lianyungang Liben Pesticide Chemical Co., Ltd., pesticide registration number: LS20060228);

[0048] Amino acid betaine (Henan Yilu Chemical Technology Co., Ltd., CAS number: 107-43-7, EINECS number: 203-490-6);

[0049] Citral (Shenzhen Guoxin Flavors and Fragrances Co., Ltd., CAS number 5392-40-5, EINECS number: 226-394-6);

[0050] Malic acid (Langfang Pengcai Fine Chemical Co., Ltd., CAS number 6915-15-7, EINECS number: 210-514-9);

[0051] Tween 20, Tween 40, Tween 60, Tween 80 and Tween 85 are used as spreading agents

[0052] 70% ethanol is used as the organic solvent (Changshu Yangyuan Chemical Co., Ltd., CAS registration number: 64-17-5, EINECS registration number: 200-578-6).

[0053] Example 1

[0054] First, dissolve 100 g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500 ml of water, then add 6.67 g of glycine betaine and 5 g of malic acid in sequence, dissolve completely, then add 18 ml of Tween 20, and shake well to obtain Solution I; secondly, dissolve 10 g of citral in 30 ml of 70% ethanol, dissolve completely to obtain Solution II; finally, slowly pour Solution II into Solution I, mix well, and make up the volume to 1000 ml with water.

[0055] Example 2

[0056] First, dissolve 100 g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500 ml of water, then add 6.67 g of glycine betaine and 5 g of malic acid in sequence and dissolve them completely, then add 22 ml of Tween 20 and shake well to obtain solution I; secondly, dissolve 50 g of citral in 150 ml of 70% ethanol and dissolve them completely to obtain solution II; finally, slowly pour solution II into solution I, mix thoroughly, and dilute to 1000 ml with water.

[0057] Example 3

[0058] First, dissolve 100 g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500 ml of water, then add 6.67 g of glycine betaine and 10 g of malic acid in sequence and dissolve them completely, then add 18 ml of Tween 20 and shake well to obtain solution I; secondly, dissolve 10 g of citral in 30 ml of 70% ethanol and dissolve them completely to obtain solution II; finally, slowly pour solution II into solution I, mix thoroughly, and dilute to 1000 ml with water.

[0059] Example 4

[0060] First, dissolve 100 g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500 ml of water, then add 6.67 g of glycine betaine and 10 g of malic acid in sequence and dissolve them completely, then add 22 ml of Tween 20 and shake well to obtain solution I; secondly, dissolve 50 g of citral in 150 ml of 70% ethanol and dissolve them completely to obtain solution II; finally, slowly pour solution II into solution I, mix thoroughly, and dilute to 1000 ml with water.

[0061] Example 5

[0062] First, dissolve 100 g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500 ml of water, then add 11.11 g of glycine betaine and 5 g of malic acid in turn and dissolve them completely, then add 18 ml of Tween 20 and shake well to obtain solution I; secondly, dissolve 10 g of citral in 30 ml of 70% ethanol and dissolve them completely to obtain solution II; finally, slowly pour solution II into solution I, mix thoroughly, and dilute to 1000 ml with water.

[0063] Example 6

[0064] First, dissolve 100 g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500 ml of water, then add 11.11 g of glycine betaine and 5 g of malic acid in turn and dissolve them completely, then add 22 ml of Tween 20 and shake well to obtain solution I; secondly, dissolve 50 g of citral in 150 ml of 70% ethanol and dissolve them completely to obtain solution II; finally, slowly pour solution II into solution I, mix thoroughly, and dilute to 1000 ml with water.

[0065] Example 7

[0066] First, dissolve 100 g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500 ml of water, then successively add 11.11 g of glycine betaine and 10 g of malic acid, dissolve completely, then add 18 ml of Tween 20, shake well to obtain Solution I; Secondly, dissolve 10 g of citral in 30 ml of 70% ethanol, dissolve completely to obtain Solution II; Finally, slowly pour Solution II into Solution I, mix well, and make up the volume to 1000 ml with water.

[0067] Example 8

[0068] First, dissolve 100 g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500 ml of water, then successively add 11.11 g of glycine betaine and 10 g of malic acid, dissolve completely, then add 22 ml of Tween 20, shake well to obtain Solution I; Secondly, dissolve 50 g of citral in 150 ml of 70% ethanol, dissolve completely to obtain Solution II; Finally, slowly pour Solution II into Solution I, mix well, and make up the volume to 1000 ml with water.

[0069] Example 9

[0070] First, dissolve 150 g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500 ml of water, then successively add 6.67 g of glycine betaine and 5 g of malic acid, dissolve completely, then add 18 ml of Tween 20, shake well to obtain Solution I; Secondly, dissolve 10 g of citral in 30 ml of 70% ethanol, dissolve completely to obtain Solution II; Finally, slowly pour Solution II into Solution I, mix well, and make up the volume to 1000 ml with water.

[0071] Example 10

[0072] First, dissolve 150 g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500 ml of water, then successively add 6.67 g of glycine betaine and 5 g of malic acid, dissolve completely, then add 22 ml of Tween 20, shake well to obtain Solution I; Secondly, dissolve 50 g of citral in 150 ml of 70% ethanol, dissolve completely to obtain Solution II; Finally, slowly pour Solution II into Solution I, mix well, and make up the volume to 1000 ml with water.

[0073] Example 11

[0074] First, dissolve 150 g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500 ml of water, then successively add 6.67 g of glycine betaine and 10 g of malic acid, dissolve completely, then add 18 ml of Tween 20, shake well to obtain Solution I; Secondly, dissolve 10 g of citral in 30 ml of 70% ethanol, dissolve completely to obtain Solution II; Finally, slowly pour Solution II into Solution I, mix well, and make up the volume to 1000 ml with water.

[0075] Example 12

[0076] First, dissolve 150g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500ml of water, then add 6.67g of glycine betaine and 10g of malic acid in turn and dissolve them completely, then add 22ml of Tween 20 and shake well to obtain solution I; secondly, dissolve 50g of citral in 150ml of 70% ethanol and dissolve them completely to obtain solution II; finally, slowly pour solution II into solution I, mix thoroughly, and dilute to 1000ml with water.

[0077] Embodiment 13

[0078] First, dissolve 150g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500ml of water, then add 11.11g of glycine betaine and 5g of malic acid in turn and dissolve them completely, then add 18ml of Tween 20 and shake well to obtain solution I; secondly, dissolve 10g of citral in 30ml of 70% ethanol and dissolve them completely to obtain solution II; finally, slowly pour solution II into solution I, mix thoroughly, and dilute to 1000ml with water.

[0079] Embodiment 14

[0080] First, dissolve 150g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500ml of water, then add 11.11g of glycine betaine and 5g of malic acid in turn and dissolve them completely, then add 22ml of Tween 20 and shake well to obtain solution I; secondly, dissolve 50g of citral in 150ml of 70% ethanol and dissolve them completely to obtain solution II; finally, slowly pour solution II into solution I, mix thoroughly, and dilute to 1000ml with water.

[0081] Embodiment 15

[0082] First, dissolve 150g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500ml of water, then add 11.11g of glycine betaine and 10g of malic acid in turn and dissolve them completely, then add 18ml of Tween 20 and shake well to obtain solution I; secondly, dissolve 10g of citral in 30ml of 70% ethanol and dissolve them completely to obtain solution II; finally, slowly pour solution II into solution I, mix thoroughly, and dilute to 1000ml with water.

[0083] Example 16

[0084] First, dissolve 150g of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid in 500ml of water, then add 11.11g of glycine betaine and 10g of malic acid in turn and dissolve them completely, then add 22ml of Tween 20 and shake well to obtain solution I; secondly, dissolve 50g of citral in 150ml of 70% ethanol and dissolve them completely to obtain solution II; finally, slowly pour solution II into solution I, mix thoroughly, and dilute to 1000ml with water.

[0085] Embodiment 17

[0086] Foliar spray regulator

[0087] Dilute the regulators in Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 above with water to a 500-fold solution, and dilute the regulators in Examples 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 with water to a 700-fold solution. Using Yudan 9953 as the test variety, spray it on the leaves at the jointing stage of corn (6-leaf stage), set a clear water control for foliar spraying, repeat three times, harvest at maturity, and measure the yield.

[0088] Table 1 Treatment effects of different example formulations (1)

[0089]

[0090] Note: T represents treatment, and T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, and T8 represent Examples 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, and 8 respectively.

[0091] Table 2 Treatment effects of different example formulations (2)

[0092]

[0093]

[0094] Note: T represents treatment, and T9, T10, T11, T12, T13, T14, T15, and T16 represent Examples 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, and 16 respectively.

[0095] As shown in Table 1 and Table 2, the results show that in Examples 1 to 16, the plant height was 2.39% - 14.99% lower than that of the clear water control, the ear height was 1.65% - 23.21% lower than that of the clear water control, the green leaf area index at the flowering stage was 2.49% - 13.88% higher than that of the control, the number of grains per ear increased by 5.65% - 15.67%, the 1000-grain weight increased by 0.32% - 4.42%, and the yield per mu increased by 3.27% - 19.23%. Among them, T12 had the highest yield.

[0096] Example 18

[0097] Synergistic effect experiment

[0098] Effect of the corn high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator of the present invention on corn yield

[0099] In specific implementation, the four components have significant synergistic effects. 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, glycine betaine, malic acid, and citral were selected as the main components, and three concentration gradients of 0, 1, and 2 were set respectively (the concentration gradients are shown in Table 3), and permutations and combinations were carried out, with a total of 81 treatments and 1 control (see Table 5). Using the corn variety Yudan 9953 as the test variety, foliar spraying was carried out at the jointing stage (6 leaf expansion stage), with three replicates, and harvested at maturity for yield measurement.

[0100] Table 3 Concentration gradients of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, glycine betaine, malic acid, and citral (concentration: ppm)

[0101]

[0102] Table 4 Experimental results of the synergistic effects of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, glycine betaine, malic acid, and citral

[0103]

[0104] Table 5 Effects of compound combinations of four components of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, glycine betaine, malic acid, and citral in different proportions on corn yield

[0105]

[0106]

[0107]

[0108]

[0109]

[0110] As shown in Table 4, the results show that the four components have significant synergistic effects. The plant height decreased by 14.80 cm, the ear position decreased by 21.00 cm, the number of kernels per ear increased by 5.66%, the 1000-grain weight increased by 6.82%, and the yield increased by 14.41%. When the four components were applied alone, the number of kernels per ear increased by 1.11% - 4.69%, the 1000-grain weight increased by 0.34% - 5.79%, and the yield per mu increased by 2.93% - 7.79%; as shown in Table 5, among the four components, when two components or three components were combined and treated, the number of kernels per ear, the 1000-grain weight, and the yield all increased to varying degrees. However, the increase range was unstable and lower than that of the four-factor combination treatment. Therefore, the four-factor combination treatment has significant synergistic and efficiency-enhancing effects.

[0111] Example 19

[0112] Effect test of resistance to high temperature stress

[0113] Effect test of resistance to high temperature stress in Example 12

[0114] Dilute the corn high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator in Example 12 above with water to a 700-fold solution. Using Yudan 9953 as the test variety, spray it on the leaf surface at the jointing stage (6-leaf stage) of corn. Set a control group with clear water sprayed on the leaf surface, with three replicates. Apply high-temperature stress treatments at the jointing stage and tasseling stage respectively (the average daily temperature in the high-temperature treatment is increased by 4.15°C and 5.94°C compared with the conventional control). Measure the protective enzyme activities of the functional leaves (ear leaves) during the tasseling-silking stage; measure the root length, root tip number, root surface area, and bleeding sap of the corn plants during the tasseling-silking stage.

[0115] Table 6 Changes in the protective enzyme activities of corn treated with the formulation in Example 12 under high-temperature stress

[0116]

[0117]

[0118] Root activity test of Example 12

[0119] Table 7 Changes in the root activities of corn treated with the formulation in Example 12 under high-temperature stress

[0120] Treatment CK T12 Root length (cm) 3691.21 4786.92 Increase compared with the control (%) / 29.68％ Number of root tips 10006.31 18978.27 Increase compared with the control (%) / 89.66％ <![CDATA[Root surface area (cm 2 )]]> 873.90 1112.70 Increase compared with the control (%) / 27.33％ <![CDATA[Guttation flux (g h -1 )]]> 2.12 2.82 Increase compared with the control (%) / 33.02％

[0121] The results show that: spraying the T12 treatment on the leaf surface at the jointing stage (6-leaf stage) results in a large increase in protective enzyme activities and root activities; specifically, the SOD activity increases by 15.22% - 16.77%, the POD activity increases by 16.67% - 25.14%, the CAT activity increases by 21.65% - 33.80%, and the MDA content decreases by 25.81% - 31.82%; the root length increases by 29.68%, the root surface area increases by 27.33%, the number of root tips increases by 89.66%, and the bleeding sap increases by 33.02%; under high-temperature stress, the yield increases by 19.23%, and the heat resistance of the corn is significantly enhanced.

[0122] As can be seen from the above examples, the corn high-temperature resistant and yield-increasing regulator has multiple functions of enhancing the high-temperature stress resistance of corn, promoting the development of male and female ears, and increasing the yield.

[0123] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A corn high temperature resistance yield-increasing regulator, characterized in that: The active ingredients include the following concentrations: 50-200 g / L of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, 5-15 g / L of glycine betaine, 3-15 g / L of organic acid, and 5-60 g / L of citral.

2. The high temperature resistance and yield increasing regulator for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The active ingredients include the following concentrations: 100-150 g / L of 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, 6-12 g / L of glycine betaine, 5-10 g / L of organic acid, and 10-50 g / L of citral.

3. The high temperature resistance and yield increasing regulator for corn according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: It also includes 15-25 ml / L of a spreading agent; the spreading agent is Triton or Tween.

4. The high temperature resistance and yield increasing regulator for corn according to claim 3, characterized in that: The corn high temperature resistance and yield increasing regulator is a liquid preparation with water and ethanol as solvents.

5. The high temperature resistance and yield increasing regulator for corn according to claim 1, characterized in that: The organic acid is malic acid.

6. The method for preparing the high temperature resistance and yield increasing regulator for corn according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: 1) dissolving 2-chloroethylphosphonic acid, glycine betaine and an organic acid in water to obtain a first solution; 2) dissolving citral with an ethanol solution to obtain a second solution; 3) The first solution and the second solution are mixed and fixed to volume to obtain a corn high temperature resistance and yield-increasing regulator.

7. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The spreading agent is dissolved in the first solution.

8. The preparation method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The volume concentration of the ethanol solution in step 2) is 65% to 75%; the mass volume ratio of citral to the ethanol solution is 1g:2 to 5ml.

9. Use of the corn high temperature resistance and yield increasing regulator according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or the corn high temperature resistance and yield increasing regulator prepared by the preparation method according to any one of claims 6 to 8 in enhancing corn's resistance to high temperature heat damage, lodging resistance and / or increasing corn yield.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that: The corn high temperature resistance and yield increasing regulator is applied by spraying on leaves or coating seeds as a component of a seed coating agent.

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