Semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle side skirt survival flame prevention protection device

Abstract

The invention discloses a semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle side skirt survival flame prevention protection device which comprises a storage bin, an energy storage spring, an energy storage device propelling plate, a flame resistance plate, a covering plate, a blasting fuse and a fire extinguishing agent, the storage bin is installed at the position of an electric vehicle chassis side skirt, and the energy storage spring, the energy storage device propelling plate and the flame resistance plate are sequentially arranged in the storage bin from top to bottom; a covering plate with a built-in blasting fuse is arranged at the bottom of the storage bin; the storage bin is filled with a liquid fire extinguishing agent; the energy storage spring is in a compressed force storage state and abuts against the upper portion of the energy storage device propelling plate, the energy storage device propelling plate is fixedly connected with the flame stopping plate, and the blasting fuse is arranged on the covering plate. Therefore, the flame-resistant plate and the fire extinguishing agent cooperate, physical blocking is combined with chemical flame suppression to improve protection, the fire-resistant time of the flame-resistant plate is prolonged through the fire extinguishing agent, a flame-retardant layer is formed through throwing to strive for time, reliable unfolding is guaranteed through a storage bin stabilizing component, an energy storage spring and the like, accurate triggering of a blasting fuse and a covering plate is guaranteed, and efficient guard safety is designed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of safety protection for new energy electric vehicles, and particularly to a semi-automatic side skirt survival and flame-proof protection device for new energy electric vehicles. Background Art

[0002] With the popularization of new energy electric vehicles, their safety has attracted much attention. When an electric vehicle has an accident, high-temperature flames may be generated under the vehicle bottom, seriously threatening the lives of the driver and passengers.

[0003] In the prior art, when the battery at the bottom of an electric vehicle catches fire and explodes, the flames spraying out along both sides of the vehicle bottom skirt seriously hinder the timely escape of the people in the vehicle and prevent the people outside the vehicle from rescuing the accident vehicle, wasting extremely precious rescue time.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a device that can effectively combine the functions of flame blocking and fire extinguishing at the position of the side skirt at the bottom of new energy electric vehicles to improve the survival probability of people after an electric vehicle accident. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related art to some extent.

[0006] To this end, the first object of this application is to provide a semi-automatic side skirt survival and flame-proof protection device for new energy electric vehicles. The flame blocking plate and the fire extinguishing agent work together to block the flame physically and inhibit the flame chemically, improving the protection effect.

[0007] The second object of this application is to provide a semi-automatic side skirt survival and flame-proof protection device for new energy electric vehicles. The attachment of the fire extinguishing agent extends the fire resistance time of the flame blocking plate, and at the same time, its spraying forms a flame retardant coating layer, jointly buying more time for people.

[0008] The third object of this application is to provide a semi-automatic side skirt survival and flame-proof protection device for new energy electric vehicles. The closed cavity structure of the storage bin ensures the stable arrangement of each component. The connection of the energy storage spring, the energy storage device push plate and the flame blocking plate ensures the reliable unfolding action, and the design of the fuse and the cover plate realizes accurate triggering.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the first embodiment of the present application proposes a semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle side skirt survival flame protection device, including a storage bin, an energy storage spring, an energy storage device propulsion plate, a flame arrester, a cover plate, a fuse and a fire extinguishing agent, wherein the storage bin is installed at the side skirt position of the electric vehicle chassis, and the energy storage spring, the energy storage device propulsion plate and the flame arrester are arranged in sequence from top to bottom inside; a cover plate with a built-in fuse is provided at the bottom of the storage bin; the storage bin is filled with liquid fire extinguishing agent; the energy storage spring is in a compressed and stored state and presses against the top of the energy storage device propulsion plate; the energy storage device The propulsion plate is fixedly connected to the flame-blocking plate, and the fuse is arranged on the cover plate. After being ignited by the high-temperature flame, the cover plate is caused to fall off through combustion or explosion force; when the fuse is ignited by the high-temperature flame and actuated, the cover plate falls off, and the energy storage spring releases its elastic force to push the propulsion plate of the energy storage device and the connected flame-blocking plate to unfold downward, and the fire extinguishing agent is thrown to the bottom of the vehicle side skirt under the action of gravity as the cover plate falls off and the flame-blocking plate unfolds. After the flame-blocking plate is unfolded, a blocking structure is formed to prevent the flame from spraying out from the bottom of the vehicle, and the fire extinguishing agent adheres to the surface of the flame-blocking plate to extend its fire resistance time.

[0010] The semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle side skirt survival flame protection device of the embodiment of the present application, the flame barrier plate and the fire extinguishing agent work together to enhance protection by combining physical blocking with chemical flame suppression. The fire extinguishing agent extends the fire resistance time of the flame barrier plate, and the flame retardant layer is formed by spraying to buy time. The storage bin stabilizes the components, and the energy storage spring ensures reliable deployment. The fuse and the cover plate are accurately triggered, and the design is efficient and protects safety.

[0011] In addition, the semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle side skirt survival flame protection device proposed in the present application may also have the following additional technical features:

[0012] In one embodiment of the present application, the storage bin is a closed cavity structure, one end of the energy storage spring is fixed to the inner wall of the top of the storage bin, and the other end is pressed against the upper surface of the energy storage device propulsion plate, the lower surface of the energy storage device propulsion plate is fixedly connected to the flame-blocking plate, and the flame-blocking plate is a folding or rolling-up structure, which is usually stored in the storage bin and extends vertically downward when unfolded.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present application, the cover plate is the bottom closing plate of the storage bin, and the fuse is arranged in a ring along the edge of the cover plate. After the fuse is ignited, the cover plate is separated from the storage bin and falls off through combustion or explosion force.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present application, the fire extinguishing agent is a liquid flame retardant with good adhesion, and the flame-blocking plate is made of a high-temperature resistant fiber material with a rough structure or adsorption layer on the surface to enhance the adhesion ability of the fire extinguishing agent.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present application, the flame retardant plate forms a continuous barrier structure after deployment, covering a preset area under the vehicle side skirt. The spraying range of the fire extinguishing agent matches the deployment area of the flame retardant plate to jointly achieve the blocking and suppression of the flame.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present application, the devices are symmetrically arranged at the bottoms of the left and right side skirts of the vehicle. The height of the flame retardant plate after deployment in a single device is 30 - 60 cm, and the fire extinguishing agent can form a flame retardant covering layer with a thickness of 0.5 - 2 cm at the bottom of the vehicle side skirt after spraying.

[0017] Key parameters of the fuse:

[0018] A low ignition point metal wire composite chemical fuse (such as a phosphorus-based flame retardant fuse) is adopted, and the ignition point is set at 150 - 200 °C (lower than the initial temperature of 250 °C for lithium battery thermal runaway) to ensure triggering within 1 - 2 seconds after the flame contacts.

[0019] Burning speed: Arranged in a ring along the edge of the cover plate, with a burning speed of 5 - 10 mm / s. The circumferential perimeter is designed according to the size of the cover plate (for example, when the perimeter is 30 cm, the burning time is 3 - 6 seconds to ensure synchronous separation at the edge).

[0020] Connection method:

[0021] A high-temperature resistant and easily fusible glue slot (such as EVA glue with a melting point of 180 °C) is provided at the edge of the cover plate. The fuse is embedded in the slot and fixed by a mechanical buckle. When burning, the glue layer melts + the buckle breaks, ensuring that the cover plate does not get stuck or fall off.

[0022] Spring parameters:

[0023] Initial compression amount: Designed according to the weight of the flame retardant plate (such as a folding flame retardant plate with a weight of 2 kg), with a compression amount of 20 - 30 mm and an elastic coefficient of 100 - 200 N / m, ensuring that the propulsion speed during release is ≥ 15 cm / s (unfolding to a height of 50 cm within 1 second).

[0024] Guiding structure: Linear guide rails are provided on the inner wall of the storage bin to prevent lateral deviation during deployment (the deviation amount ≤ 2 mm).

[0025] Flame retardant plate material and size:

[0026] Material: High-temperature resistant fiber material (such as ceramic fiber cloth, with a temperature resistance above 1000 °C and a thickness of 0.5 - 1 mm) or basalt fiber board (density 2.6 g / cm 3 , and the anti-bending strength ≥ 50 MPa).

[0027] Expansion Dimensions: After the flame retardant plate is expanded, the vertical height is 40 - 50 cm (this height should be greater than the normal ground clearance of new energy electric vehicles, which is 15 - 25 cm), ensuring that its lower edge can fully contact the ground and form a sealed barrier (the lower edge extends 10 - 15 cm beyond the ground, that is, the height from the ground is -10 - 15 cm); the width covers 90% of the length of one-sided skirt (for example, for a 1.2-meter side skirt, the width of the flame retardant plate is 1.08 meters), eliminating the blind area of flame spraying.

[0028] Surface Treatment of Flame Retardant Plate:

[0029] Rough Structure: 3D woven fiber is used (porosity 40 - 50%, pore diameter 0.1 - 0.5 mm), increasing the retention area of the fire extinguishing agent;

[0030] Adsorption Layer: A nano-silica coating is applied (thickness 5 - 10 μm), enhancing the binding force with the water-based fire extinguishing agent through hydrogen bonding, and the adhesion strength ≥ 5 N / cm 2 (Tested vertically downward).

[0031] Volume of Storage Bin: Calculated based on the covering thickness of the fire extinguishing agent (0.5 - 2 cm) and the spraying area (1.0 m × 0.5 m at the bottom of one-sided skirt), the volume of a single bin is 800 - 1500 mL, and a 10% redundant space is reserved for the filling amount to prevent expansion and leakage.

[0032] Trigger Response Time: From the moment the flame touches the fuse to the full expansion of the flame retardant plate ≤ 2 seconds, and the completion of the fire extinguishing agent spraying ≤ 1.5 seconds, meeting the initial protection requirements during the golden escape time after the thermal runaway of lithium batteries.

[0033] Folding Structure of Flame Retardant Plate:

[0034] The hinge points adopt stainless steel hinges + graphite lubricating coating, with a temperature resistance above 200 °C and a moving resistance ≤ 0.5 N·m, ensuring no jamming in a low-temperature (-40 °C) environment;

[0035] A limit buckle is set on each plate body, and it automatically locks to form a rigid plane after expansion, with a resistance to flame impact force ≥ 50 N / m 2 (Simulating the flame spraying pressure).

[0036] Roll-up Structure of Flame Retardant Plate:

[0037] A counterweight bar is added to the bottom of the reel (weight 0.5 - 1 kg), ensuring that the fire-resistant cloth can unfold by gravity even without spring force;

[0038] Metal reinforcing ribs are set at the edges of the cloth surface to prevent the cloth surface from being torn by the impact of the high-speed sprayed fire extinguishing agent (tensile strength ≥ 1000 N / m).

[0039] The advantages of this application compared with the existing technology are as follows:

[0040] (1) The flame retardant plate and the fire extinguishing agent act synergistically to enhance the protection effect by physically blocking and chemically suppressing the flame.

[0041] (2) The attachment of the fire extinguishing agent prolongs the fire resistance time of the flame retardant plate. At the same time, its spraying forms a flame retardant covering layer, jointly buying more time for personnel.

[0042] (3) The closed cavity structure of the storage bin ensures the stable arrangement of each component. The connection of the energy storage spring, the energy storage device propulsion plate and the flame retardant plate ensures the reliable unfolding action, and the design of the fuse and the cover plate realizes accurate triggering.

[0043] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the following description, will become apparent in part from the following description, or will be learned through the practice of the present application. Description of the Drawings

[0044] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and easy to understand from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the drawings, where:

[0045] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle side skirt survival flame protection device according to an embodiment of the present application, where the flame retardant plate is of a folding structure;

[0046] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of a semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle side skirt survival flame protection device according to an embodiment of the present application, where the flame retardant plate is of a rolling curtain structure.

[0047] As shown in the figure: 1. Storage bin; 2. Energy storage spring; 3. Energy storage device propulsion plate; 4. Flame retardant plate; 5. Cover plate; 6. Fuse; 7. Fire extinguishing agent. Detailed Embodiments

[0048] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application. On the contrary, the embodiments of the present application include all changes, modifications and equivalents falling within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

[0049] The semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle side skirt survival flame protection device according to the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0050] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle side skirt survival flame protection device according to the embodiments of the present application may include a storage bin 1, an energy storage spring 2, an energy storage device propulsion plate 3, a flame retardant plate 4, a cover plate 5, a fuse 6 and a fire extinguishing agent 7.

[0051] It can be understood that the storage bin 1 is a closed cavity, which is fixed to the side skirt of the electric vehicle chassis. The inside is equipped with an energy storage spring 2, an energy storage device propulsion plate 3 and a flame barrier plate 4 from top to bottom. The bottom is closed by a cover plate 5. A ring-arranged fuse 6 is built into the edge of the cover plate 5, and the space inside the bin is filled with liquid fire extinguishing agent 7.

[0052] Detailed workflow:

[0053] 1. Initial state:

[0054] The upper end of the energy storage spring 2 is fixed to the inner wall of the top of the storage bin 1, and the lower end is pressed against the upper surface of the energy storage device propulsion plate 3, and is in a compressed and force-storing state;

[0055] The lower surface of the energy storage device propulsion plate 3 is fixedly connected to the flame-blocking plate 4, and the flame-blocking plate 4 is stored in the storage bin 1 in a folded or rolled-up state;

[0056] The cover plate 5 is fixed to the bottom edge of the storage bin 1 through the fuse 6 to form a closed structure to prevent the fire extinguishing agent 7 from leaking.

[0057] 2. Trigger conditions:

[0058] When the chassis of the electric vehicle generates a high-temperature flame due to thermal runaway of the lithium battery, the flame contacts and ignites the fuse 6 at the edge of the cover plate 5;

[0059] After the fuse 6 burns, the connection structure between the cover plate 5 and the storage bin 1 is invalidated (eg, melted or broken) through a preset burning path (eg, an annular edge).

[0060] 3. Device startup:

[0061] After the cover plate 5 falls off, the bottom of the storage compartment 1 opens, and the liquid fire extinguishing agent 7 inside is immediately thrown to the bottom of the vehicle side skirt due to gravity;

[0062] At the same time, the energy storage spring 2 releases the compressed elastic force, pushing the energy storage device propulsion plate 3 downward, driving the flame blocking plate 4 fixedly connected thereto to expand vertically downward;

[0063] After the flame-blocking plate 4 is unfolded, a continuous vertical blocking structure is formed (such as a rolling curtain unfolded or a folding plate opened), covering the area below the side skirt of the vehicle, and physically blocking the flame ejected from the bottom of the vehicle.

[0064] 4. Collaborative protection:

[0065] The sprayed fire extinguishing agent 7 partially adheres to the surface of the flame-blocking plate 4 to form a flame-retardant coating, thereby extending the fire-resistant time of the flame-blocking plate 4 at high temperatures;

[0066] Another part of the fire extinguishing agent 7 covers the ground at the bottom of the side skirt, reducing the flame energy through chemical inhibition, and cooperating with the physical block of the flame retardant plate 4 to jointly form an escape and rescue space with low flame energy on the side of the vehicle.

[0067] In an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the storage bin 1 is a closed cavity structure. One end of the energy storage spring 2 is fixed to the inner wall of the top of the storage bin 1, and the other end presses against the upper surface of the energy storage device push plate 3. The lower surface of the energy storage device push plate 3 is fixedly connected to the flame retardant plate 4. The flame retardant plate 4 is of a folding or rolling curtain structure, usually stored in the storage bin 1 and extending vertically downward when unfolded.

[0068] It can be understood that the storage bin 1, as the bearing main body, is a closed cavity structure. One end of the energy storage spring 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the top, and the other end of the spring forms a pressing fit with the upper surface of the energy storage device push plate 3.

[0069] The energy storage device push plate 3 is a rigid plate arranged horizontally, and its lower surface is fixedly connected to the flame retardant plate 4 by bolts, welding or integral molding to form a linkage mechanism of "spring - push plate - flame retardant plate".

[0070] The flame retardant plate 4 adopts a folding structure (such as multi - joint articulated plates) or a rolling curtain structure (such as a flexible fire - resistant cloth roll), and is completely stored in the storage bin 1 in the initial state:

[0071] The folding flame retardant plate is in a stacked and contracted state, and adjacent plate sections are connected by hinges, fitting against the lower surface of the push plate 3;

[0072] The rolling curtain flame retardant plate is wound in a roll around the reel below the push plate 3 and is fixed by a limiting structure to prevent loosening.

[0073] The energy storage spring 2 is pre - loaded by mechanical compression before the vehicle leaves the factory, so that the push plate 3 bears an upward pressing force, and at this time the spring stores elastic potential energy.

[0074] Under the action of the spring pressing force, the push plate 3 always maintains an upward movement trend, but due to the cover plate 5 at the bottom of the storage bin 1 closing the cavity, the movement of the push plate 3 and the flame retardant plate 4 is restricted, maintaining the storage state.

[0075] The unfolding process of the flame retardant plate 4 after being triggered:

[0076] When the external trigger condition releases the constraint at the bottom of the storage bin 1:

[0077] 1. Spring energy release:

[0078] The energy storage spring 2 loses the reverse support of the bottom cover plate 5, and the elastic potential energy is converted into kinetic energy, pushing the energy storage device push plate 3 downward.

[0079] The push plate 3 moves vertically downward along the preset cavity space on the inner wall of the storage bin 1 to ensure a stable movement trajectory.

[0080] 2. Deployment action of the flame retardant plate 4:

[0081] Folding flame retardant plate: As it moves downward with the push plate 3, each plate section unfolds in sequence under the action of gravity and tensile force, and forms a continuous vertical barrier through the hinged structure (for example, after multiple plate sections unfold, they form a vertical plane);

[0082] Roll-up flame retardant plate: When the push plate 3 moves downward, the reel releases the fire-resistant cloth wound around it, and the cloth unfolds vertically under the action of gravity to form a complete blocking surface.

[0083] 3. Final state of deployment:

[0084] The flame retardant plate 4 unfolds to the end of the preset stroke, extends vertically downward to the outside of the bottom of the vehicle side skirt, covering the area where the vehicle bottom flame may spout, and forms a physical barrier.

[0085] In an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the cover plate 5 is the bottom closing plate of the storage bin 1, and the fuse 6 is arranged in a ring along the edge of the cover plate 5. After the fuse 6 is ignited, the cover plate 5 is separated and detached from the storage bin 1 through combustion or explosive force.

[0086] It can be understood that the cover plate 5, as the bottom closing plate of the storage bin 1, is made of a light heat-resistant material (such as aluminum alloy or flame-retardant engineering plastic), and its edge is connected to the bottom opening edge of the storage bin 1 through a preset structure:

[0087] The edge of the cover plate 5 is provided with an annular groove or card slot for embedding or fixing the fuse 6;

[0088] The fuse 6 is a high-temperature resistant linear fuse with a ignition point lower than the battery explosion combustion temperature (such as 200 - 300 °C), and is arranged in a closed ring along the outer edge of the cover plate 5 (such as winding around one week clockwise or counterclockwise), and its two ends are fixed to the edge of the cover plate 5 through flame-retardant glue or mechanical buckles.

[0089] In the initial state, the cover plate 5 is tightly connected to the bottom edge of the storage bin 1 through the physical support (such as clamping) or chemical bonding (such as flame-retardant glue) of the fuse 6 to form a closed cavity to prevent the internal liquid fire extinguishing agent 7 from leaking.

[0090] When the lithium battery in the electric vehicle chassis has a thermal runaway and generates a high-temperature flame, the flame spreads upward from the gap at the bottom of the side skirt and contacts the fuse 6 at the edge of the cover plate 5;

[0091] The ignition point of the fuse 6 is lower than the flame temperature, and it is immediately ignited and continuously burns along the annular path.

[0092] Separation and detachment process of the cover plate 5:

[0093] 1. The fuse 6 burns to damage the connection structure:

[0094] The burning fuse 6 damages its connection points with the cover plate 5 and the storage bin 1 (such as melting the flame-retardant glue and burning off the weak links of the buckle) through heat conduction or its own combustion expansion;

[0095] Since the fuse 6 is arranged in a ring shape, the burning path covers the entire edge of the cover plate 5, ensuring that each point on the edge loses the connection force synchronously or sequentially, and avoiding jamming caused by unilateral detachment.

[0096] 2. The cover plate 5 detaches from the storage bin 1:

[0097] When the fuse 6 burns to the end of the ring path (or the preset breaking line), the connection between the cover plate 5 and the bottom of the storage bin 1 completely fails;

[0098] The cover plate 5 falls off downward under the action of gravity or the pressure of the internal fire extinguishing agent 7, completely opening the bottom opening of the storage bin 1 (the opening size is the same as that of the cover plate 5).

[0099] 3. The chain reaction after triggering:

[0100] The detachment of the cover plate 5 creates conditions for subsequent actions: the internal liquid fire extinguishing agent 7 is quickly sprinkled from the opening to the bottom of the side skirt due to gravity;

[0101] The energy storage spring 2 at the top of the storage bin 1 loses the bottom constraint, and releases the elastic force to push the energy storage device push plate 3 and the flame retardant plate 4 to expand downward.

[0102] In an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the fire extinguishing agent 7 is a liquid flame retardant with good adhesion, and the material of the flame retardant plate 4 is a high-temperature resistant fiber material, and the surface has a rough structure or an adsorption layer to enhance the adhesion ability to the fire extinguishing agent 7.

[0103] It can be understood that the fire extinguishing agent 7 adopts a liquid flame retardant with high viscosity and low volatility (such as a phosphorus / halogen-based flame retardant solution or a water-based gel fire extinguishing agent), which has good adhesion and can adhere to the solid surface (such as the flame retardant plate 4 or the bottom of the vehicle side skirt) after being sprinkled by gravity, avoiding rapid flowing and failure.

[0104] The material of the flame retardant plate 4 is a high-temperature resistant fiber material (such as fiberglass fireproof cloth, ceramic fiber felt or basalt fiber board), which can withstand a temperature above 500 °C;

[0105] The surface forms a rough structure through a weaving process (such as roving weaving), or is coated with an adsorption layer (such as a silica gel coating, a nano-particle adhesion layer), increasing the surface roughness and the intermolecular force, and enhancing the adsorption ability to the liquid fire extinguishing agent 7.

[0106] The fire extinguishing agent 7 fills the storage bin 1 and completely submerges or surrounds the flame retardant plate 4 in the folded / rolled-up state. At this time, the rough structure or the adsorption layer on the surface of the flame retardant plate 4 is in direct contact with the liquid fire extinguishing agent 7, adsorbing part of the flame retardant and forming a preliminary infiltration.

[0107] Since the storage bin 1 is closed by the cover plate 5, the fire extinguishing agent 7 is evenly distributed in the bin in a static state without leakage or loss.

[0108] The process of spraying and attaching the fire extinguishing agent 7 after triggering:

[0109] 1. Spraying stage:

[0110] When the cover plate 5 falls off and the bottom of the storage bin 1 opens, the liquid fire extinguishing agent 7 quickly flows out of the bin under the action of gravity, forming a downward jet of liquid or a group of liquid droplets, covering the bottom area of the vehicle side skirt.

[0111] At this time, the flame retardant plate 4 unfolds downward with the propulsion plate 3 of the energy storage device, and its surface is in full contact with the flowing fire extinguishing agent 7, and some liquid droplets directly impact the surface of the flame retardant plate 4.

[0112] 2. Attachment and retention stage:

[0113] Physical retention of the rough structure: The fiber woven gaps or concave-convex textures on the surface of the flame retardant plate 4 catch the liquid droplets of the liquid fire extinguishing agent 7, forming a "capillary effect", so that the flame retardant stays on the surface instead of dripping directly;

[0114] Chemical adhesion of the adsorption layer: If the surface is coated with an adsorption layer, its molecular polarity or chemical bond forms physical adsorption (such as van der Waals force) or chemical bonding (such as hydrogen bond) with the solvent / solute of the fire extinguishing agent 7, further enhancing the adhesion ability, so that the fire extinguishing agent 7 forms a continuous flame retardant coating (thickness about 0.1 - 0.5 mm) on the surface of the flame retardant plate 4.

[0115] 3. Synergistic protection stage:

[0116] Physical blockage of the flame retardant plate 4: The unfolded flame retardant plate 4 forms a vertical barrier, directly blocking the flame ejected from the bottom of the vehicle, reducing the direct impact of high temperature on personnel;

[0117] Chemical inhibition of the fire extinguishing agent 7: The liquid flame retardant attached to the surface of the flame retardant plate 4 evaporates or decomposes at high temperature, releasing flame retardant gases (such as phosphorus-containing free radicals) to inhibit the flame combustion chain reaction, and at the same time absorbing heat to reduce the temperature of the plate body and prolong the fire resistance time of the flame retardant plate 4;

[0118] Ground covering assistance: Part of the unadhered fire extinguishing agent 7 is sprayed onto the ground at the bottom of the side skirt, forming a flame retardant liquid film to inhibit the spread of the flame from the ground, and jointly constructing a "three-dimensional fire prevention space" with the flame retardant plate 4.

[0119] In one embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, after the flame retardant plate 4 is unfolded, it forms a continuous barrier structure, covering a preset area under the vehicle side skirt. The spraying range of the fire extinguishing agent 7 matches the unfolded area of the flame retardant plate 4, jointly achieving the blocking and suppression of the flame.

[0120] It can be understood that the folding or rolling curtain structure of the flame retardant plate 4 is completely stored in the storage bin 1, and its geometric dimensions (height, width) after unfolding are preset according to the space at the bottom of the electric vehicle side skirt. For example, the height is 30 - 60 cm, and the width covers 80% - 100% of the length of the single side skirt, ensuring that the flame spraying path from the vehicle bottom to the ground can be vertically blocked after unfolding.

[0121] The storage bin 1 is filled with the liquid fire retardant of the fire extinguishing agent 7, and its filling amount is calculated according to the unfolded area and spraying range of the flame retardant plate 4, ensuring that the area 0.5 - 1 meter below and on the bottom of the side skirt directly below the flame retardant plate 4 can be covered after spraying.

[0122] The area covering process of the flame retardant plate 4 after being triggered:

[0123] 1. Synchronization of unfolding action:

[0124] When the cover plate 5 falls off and the energy storage spring 2 releases its elastic force, the energy storage device push plate 3 drives the flame retardant plate 4 to unfold vertically downward;

[0125] The multi - section plates of the folding flame retardant plate 4 are unfolded one by one through the hinged structure to form a continuous planar barrier; the fire - resistant cloth of the rolling curtain type flame retardant plate 4 is completely released from the reel and unfolds into a complete vertical curtain under the action of gravity and counterweight strips, ensuring no gaps or breaks.

[0126] 2. Coverage of preset area:

[0127] The height of the lower edge of the unfolded flame retardant plate 4 from the ground is - 10 - 20 cm (ensuring that the lower edge of the flame retardant plate 4 completely touches the ground and lies on the ground, ensuring the closure of the gap in the direction where the flame rushes out along the chassis), and the upper edge is flush with the bottom of the storage bin 1, forming a continuous "side skirt - ground" blocking surface as a whole, covering the flame spraying area from directly above the battery pack to the outside of the side skirt.

[0128] The matching mechanism of the spraying range of the fire extinguishing agent 7:

[0129] 1. Spraying path design:

[0130] The opening size at the bottom of the storage bin 1 is the same as the width of the flame retardant plate 4, and the liquid fire extinguishing agent 7 is sprayed in a fan - shaped or columnar shape from the opening. Its lateral diffusion range matches the width of the flame retardant plate 4, and longitudinally covers the side skirt surface and the ground within the height range of the flame retardant plate 4;

[0131] Part of the fire extinguishing agent 7 directly adheres to the surface of the flame retardant plate 4 during the spraying process, and the other part falls to the ground at the bottom of the side skirt, forming a flame retardant liquid film with a thickness of 0.5 - 2 cm.

[0132] 2. Synergistic coverage effect:

[0133] Vertical barrier (flame retardant plate 4): Blocks the flame spraying upward from the bottom of the vehicle, reducing the direct impact of high temperature on the car door and the passenger compartment;

[0134] Horizontal / surface coverage (fire extinguishing agent 7): The flame retardant liquid film on the ground inhibits the lateral spread of the flame along the ground. The fire extinguishing agent coating on the surface of the flame retardant plate 4 inhibits the ablation of the plate by the flame through heat absorption and gas release, forming a "three-dimensional fire prevention area" to ensure that the flame energy is effectively blocked and inhibited within the coverage range of the flame retardant plate 4.

[0135] In an embodiment of the present application, as Figure 1 - Figure 2 shown, the device is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the left and right side skirts of the vehicle. The height of the flame retardant plate 4 after deployment in a single device is 30 - 60 cm, and the fire extinguishing agent 7 can form a flame retardant coverage layer with a thickness of 0.5 - 2 cm at the bottom of the vehicle side skirt after spraying.

[0136] It can be understood that a semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle side skirt survival and flame protection device is installed on each of the bottom parts of the left and right side skirts of the vehicle chassis to form a symmetric structure. The component numbers, structural designs, and working logics of the two devices are exactly the same.

[0137] The storage bin 1 is installed inside the bottom edge of the side skirt. Its longitudinal central axis is parallel to the longitudinal extension direction of the vehicle side skirt, ensuring that the flame retardant plate 4 is perpendicular to the ground after deployment, and the deployment areas of the flame retardant plates 4 on the left and right sides of the device respectively cover the space from below the corresponding battery pack to the ground.

[0138] Deployment height of the flame retardant plate 4: The total length of a single flame retardant plate 4 is 30 - 60 cm, and the height of the lower edge from the ground after full deployment is -10 - 20 cm. This size is designed according to the ground clearance of the new energy electric vehicle chassis (usually 15 - 25 cm) and the position of the battery pack, ensuring that after the flame retardant plate is fully deployed, the lower edge touches the ground completely and lies on the ground, ensuring the closure of the gap in the direction where the flame rushes out along the chassis. The upper edge is connected to the bottom of the storage bin 1, completely covering the main path (height range) of the flame spraying upward during the explosion of the battery pack.

[0139] Thickness of the fire extinguishing agent 7 coverage layer: The liquid fire extinguishing agent 7 forms a flame retardant coverage layer with a thickness of 0.5 - 2 cm on the ground at the bottom of the side skirt and the surface of the flame retardant plate 4 after spraying. This thickness is calculated based on the volume of the storage bin 1 (such as the volume of a single bin body being 500 - 1000 mL) and the spraying area, ensuring that the flame retardant is sufficient and evenly distributed.

[0140] Symmetric triggering and collaborative working process:

[0141] 1. Initial state:

[0142] The energy storage springs 2 in the storage bins 1 on both the left and right sides are in a compressed and energy - storing state. The flame - blocking plate 4 is in a folded / rolled - up storage state. The cover plate 5 seals the housing through the fuse 6, and the interior is filled with liquid fire extinguishing agent 7.

[0143] 2. Trigger conditions:

[0144] When a vehicle collision or battery thermal runaway occurs, high - temperature flames at the bottom of the vehicle may spray from the left side, right side, or both sides simultaneously. The fuses 6 at the edges of the cover plates 5 on both the left and right sides may be ignited (if the flame on one side only triggers the device on that side, the other side remains in a standby state; if the flames on both sides trigger simultaneously, the bilateral devices start synchronously).

[0145] Synchronous release process:

[0146] 1. Deployment of the flame - blocking plate 4:

[0147] The energy storage spring 2 on the triggered side releases its elastic force, pushing the energy storage device push plate 3 and the flame - blocking plate 4 to deploy vertically downward. The height of 30 - 60 cm enables the flame - blocking plate 4 to completely cover the area from the battery pack under the side skirt to the ground, forming a vertical fire - prevention barrier;

[0148] After the flame - blocking plates 4 on both the left and right sides are deployed, they independently block the flames on their corresponding sides. If both sides are triggered, a "left - right double barrier" is formed to comprehensively isolate the flames at the bottom of the vehicle.

[0149] 2. Spraying of the fire extinguishing agent 7:

[0150] The liquid fire extinguishing agent 7 in the storage bin 1 on the triggered side is shed downward with the detachment of the cover plate 5 and quickly covers the ground at the bottom of the side skirt under the action of gravity, forming a flame - retardant liquid film with a thickness of 0.5 - 2 cm (for example, the spraying range of the left - side device covers the area 0.5 - 1 meter under the left - side skirt, and the right - side is the same);

[0151] Part of the fire extinguishing agent 7 adheres to the surface of the flame - blocking plate 4 on the same side and combines with the rough structure or adsorption layer to extend the fire - resistant time of the flame - blocking plate 4.

[0152] Symmetrical protection effect:

[0153] When triggered on one side, only the device on that side starts, blocking the flames on that side and providing a low - flame - energy space for escape or rescue from the door on that side;

[0154] When triggered on both sides, the left and right flame - blocking plates 4 and the ground flame - retardant covering layer together form a closed fire - prevention area around the bottom of the vehicle, ensuring that no matter from which side the flames spray, they can be effectively blocked and suppressed.

[0155] Specifically, taking the triggering of a single - side device as an example, the complete working process of the device from detecting the flame to completing the protection:

[0156] 1. When the vehicle is driving normally (initial state)

[0157] The storage bin 1 is hermetically fixed to the bottom of the left skirt of the electric vehicle. The upper end of the internal energy storage spring 2 is fixed to the inner wall of the top of the bin, and the lower end presses against the upper surface of the propulsion plate 3 of the energy storage device, being in a compressed and energy - storing state (storing elastic potential energy).

[0158] The lower surface of the propulsion plate 3 of the energy storage device is fixedly connected to the flame - retardant plate 4 by bolts. The flame - retardant plate 4 is stored in the bin in a folded form (multi - joint articulated plate) or a rolling - curtain form (refractory cloth roll), fitting against the lower surface of the propulsion plate, without occupying external space.

[0159] The cover plate 5 is fixedly connected to the bottom edge of the storage bin 1 by the detonating fuse 6 arranged in a circular shape at the edge, forming a closed cavity. The liquid fire - extinguishing agent 7 filled inside completely submerges the flame - retardant plate 4 without leakage.

[0160] 2. The start of the lithium - battery thermal runaway trigger device

[0161] When the vehicle collides or the battery fails, causing the lithium battery at the chassis to explode and burn, the high - temperature flame spreads upward from the gap at the bottom of the left skirt and contacts the detonating fuse 6 at the edge of the cover plate 5.

[0162] The ignition point of the detonating fuse 6 is lower than the flame temperature (such as 200 °C), and it is immediately ignited and burns along the circular path (the burning speed is about 5 mm / s). In about 2 seconds, the connection buckle between the cover plate 5 and the storage bin 1 is burned off or the flame - retardant glue is melted, causing the cover plate 5 to lose its fixation.

[0163] 3. The shedding of the cover plate and the spraying of the fire - extinguishing agent

[0164] The cover plate 5 falls downward under the action of gravity and the pressure of the internal fire - extinguishing agent 7, completely opening the bottom opening of the storage bin 1 (the size is about 30 cm × 20 cm).

[0165] The liquid fire - extinguishing agent 7 quickly flows out from the opening due to gravity, forming a fan - shaped liquid flow:

[0166] About 60% of the fire - extinguishing agent 7 is sprayed onto the ground at the bottom of the left skirt, forming a flame - retardant liquid film with a thickness of 1 - 2 cm, covering an area of 0.5 - 1 meter on the ground;

[0167] About 40% of the fire - extinguishing agent 7 contacts the deployed flame - retardant plate 4 during the flowing process and adheres to it through its surface rough fiber structure (such as the pores of fiberglass cloth) or adsorption layer (silica gel coating), forming a flame - retardant coating with a thickness of 0.2 - 0.5 mm.

[0168] 4. The flame - retardant plate unfolds to form a physical barrier

[0169] The energy storage spring 2 loses the bottom restraint of the cover plate 5, releases the elastic potential energy, and pushes the energy storage device push plate 3 downward (the movement speed is about 10 cm / s).

[0170] The push plate 3 drives the flame retardant plate 4 to unfold vertically downward:

[0171] If it is a folding type, the multi-section articulated plates are opened one by one, and a continuous vertical plane is formed through hinge connections. The unfolding height is 50 cm, the lower edge is 15 cm below the ground (partially laid flat on the ground), and the upper edge is flush with the bottom of the storage bin 1;

[0172] If it is a rolling curtain type, the fireproof cloth is quickly released from the reel and unfolds into a complete curtain under the action of gravity and the bottom counterweight strip, completely covering the flame jet path from the battery pack below the side skirt to the ground.

[0173] 5. Achieving the collaborative protection effect

[0174] Physical barrier: The unfolded flame retardant plate 4 forms a 50-cm-high vertical barrier, directly blocking the flame jetting upward from the vehicle bottom, reducing the high-temperature radiant heat by more than 70%, and protecting the temperature in the door area not to exceed 100°C (the temperature tolerable by the human body).

[0175] Chemical inhibition: The fire extinguishing agent 7 attached to the surface of the flame retardant plate 4 evaporates at high temperature, releases phosphorus-containing flame retardant gas to inhibit the flame chain reaction, and at the same time absorbs heat, reducing the surface temperature of the flame retardant plate 4 by more than 200°C compared with the situation without the fire extinguishing agent, and prolonging the fire resistance time.

[0176] Ground protection: The flame retardant liquid film at the bottom of the side skirt inhibits the spread of the flame along the ground by cooling and oxygen isolation, forming a fire-free channel with a width of 1 meter, providing a safe space for the vehicle occupants to escape from the left door or for the rescue personnel to approach the vehicle.

[0177] 6. Enhanced protection when triggered on both sides

[0178] If the right-side device is triggered synchronously, the flame retardant plates 4 on both the left and right sides and the ground flame retardant covering layer jointly form a closed fire prevention area surrounding the vehicle bottom, ensuring that no matter from which side the flame ejects, it is effectively blocked, and buying escape time for the people inside the vehicle.

[0179] In summary, for the semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle side skirt survival and flame protection device in the embodiment of the present application, the flame retardant plate and the fire extinguishing agent cooperate, enhance the protection by combining physical barrier with chemical flame inhibition, the fire extinguishing agent prolongs the fire resistance time of the flame retardant plate, the sprinkled fire retardant layer buys time, the storage bin stabilizes the components, the energy storage spring, etc. ensure reliable unfolding, the fuse and the cover plate are accurately triggered, and the design efficiently protects safety.

[0180] In the description of this specification, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In the description of this application, "a plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0181] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of this application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0182] Although the embodiments of this application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting this application. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of this application.

Claims

1. A semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle side skirt survival flame protection device, characterized in that: It comprises a storage bin (1), an energy storage spring (2), an energy storage device propulsion plate (3), a flame arrester plate (4), a cover plate (5), a fuse (6) and a fire extinguishing agent (7), wherein: The storage bin (1) is installed at the side skirt of the chassis of the electric vehicle, and an energy storage spring (2), an energy storage device propulsion plate (3) and a flame arrester plate (4) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom inside; The bottom of the storage bin (1) is provided with a cover plate (5) with a built-in fuse (6); The storage bin (1) is filled with liquid fire extinguishing agent (7); The energy storage spring (2) is in a compressed and force-storing state and is pressed against the top of the energy storage device propulsion plate (3). The energy storage device propulsion plate (3) is fixedly connected to the flame-blocking plate (4). The fuse (6) is arranged on the cover plate (5). After being ignited by the high-temperature flame, the cover plate (5) is caused to fall off by combustion or explosion force. When the fuse (6) is ignited by the high-temperature flame and actuated, the cover plate (5) falls off, and the energy storage spring (2) releases elastic force to push the energy storage device propulsion plate (3) and the connected flame-blocking plate (4) to unfold downward. The fire extinguishing agent (7) is thrown to the bottom of the vehicle side skirt under the action of gravity as the cover plate (5) falls off and the flame-blocking plate (4) unfolds. After the flame-blocking plate (4) is unfolded, a blocking structure is formed to prevent the flame from spraying out from the bottom of the vehicle, and the fire extinguishing agent (7) is attached to the surface of the flame-blocking plate (4) to extend its fire resistance time.

2. The flame-proof protection device for the side skirt of a semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The storage bin (1) is a closed cavity structure, one end of the energy storage spring (2) is fixed to the top inner wall of the storage bin (1), and the other end is pressed against the upper surface of the energy storage device propulsion plate (3), the lower surface of the energy storage device propulsion plate (3) is fixedly connected to the flame-blocking plate (4), and the flame-blocking plate (4) is a folding or rolling curtain structure, which is usually stored in the storage bin (1) and extends vertically downward when unfolded.

3. The flame-proof protection device for the side skirt of a semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cover plate (5) is a bottom closing plate of the storage bin (1), and the fuse (6) is arranged in a ring shape along the edge of the cover plate (5). After the fuse (6) is ignited, the cover plate (5) is separated from the storage bin (1) by combustion or explosion force.

4. The flame-proof protection device for the side skirt of a semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The fire extinguishing agent (7) is a liquid flame retardant with good adhesion, and the flame blocking plate (4) is made of a high-temperature resistant fiber material, and has a rough structure or an adsorption layer on the surface to enhance the adhesion of the fire extinguishing agent (7).

5. The flame-proof survival device for the side skirt of a semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The flame-blocking plate (4) forms a continuous barrier structure after being unfolded, covering a preset area below the side skirt of the vehicle; the spraying range of the fire extinguishing agent (7) matches the unfolded area of ​​the flame-blocking plate (4), thereby achieving flame blocking and suppression.

6. The flameproof protection device for the side skirt of a semi-automatic new energy electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The device is symmetrically arranged at the bottom of the left and right side skirts of the vehicle. The height of the flame-blocking plate (4) in a single device after unfolding is 30-60 cm. The fire extinguishing agent (7) can form a flame-retardant covering layer with a thickness of 0.5-2 cm at the bottom of the vehicle side skirt after being sprinkled.

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