Root domain modifier for acid sugarcane field soil and preparation method of root domain modifier

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of acid soil improvement, and particularly relates to an acid sugarcane field soil root domain modifier and a preparation method thereof. The improver is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 100-120 parts of sucrose filter mud, 10-15 parts of a fertilizer and 40-50 parts of wormcast. Before the modifier is used, the pH of a sugarcane field is slightly acidic, so that the growth and the yield of sugarcane are influenced; after the modifier is used, the acidity of a sugarcane field is improved, and the growth and yield of sugarcanes are promoted. After the modifier is used, the sugarcane yield of each mu of sugarcane field is increased by 15%. Therefore, the modifier for the acid sugarcane field soil, designed by the invention, has great input and popularization significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of acid soil improvement, and particularly relates to a root zone modifier for acidic sugarcane field soil and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Due to the climatic characteristics of high temperature and abundant rainfall, as well as the excessive and unbalanced application of chemical fertilizers, etc., the soils in tropical and subtropical regions generally have degradation characteristics such as "acid (acidification)", "poison (accumulation of chemical elements)", "thin (lack or imbalance of nutrients, etc.)", "plate (poor physical properties of the soil)", "leaching (nutrient loss)". The degradation of the soils in tropical and subtropical regions results in more plant diseases and insect pests, lower yields, and poorer quality in the cultivation of cash crops, crops, etc. in this area. Therefore, the sustainable development of agriculture in this area must carry out the improvement of acidified soils and enhance the stress resistance of crops in the hot zone. The improvement goal of acid soil is to increase the soil pH, improve the soil structure, promote the enhancement of the soil's ability to supply and slowly retain fertilizers, and make the nutrient supply in the soil maintain a balanced state, and improve the microbial habitat. In particular, the increase in soil pH can significantly affect the nutrient supply status in the soil and the improvement of the soil structure. Therefore, it is the primary goal of tropical and subtropical soil improvement.

[0003] When planting sugarcane, a suitable planting soil is required. Soils with excessive acidity or alkalinity will seriously affect the growth quality of sugarcane. When the pH of the sugarcane soil is acidic, a soil conditioner needs to be used to adjust the soil acidity to a suitable range for sugarcane; the soil conditioners in the prior art have a single raw material, and mostly use waste, tail liquid, industrial and mining residues as the preparation raw materials, resulting in a certain degree of pollution of the prepared soil conditioner, which not only damages the microbial colonies in the soil, but also causes certain damage to sugarcane. At the same time, the procurement cost of the soil conditioners in the prior art is relatively high, and when used, it is easy to cause soil compaction, affecting the growth quality and yield of sugarcane. Therefore, it is very necessary to design a root zone modifier for acidic sugarcane field soil. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a root zone modifier for acidic sugarcane field soil and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the problems such as excessive acidity of sugarcane field soil and low sugarcane yield caused by the use of soil conditioners in the background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] On the one hand, the present invention provides a root zone modifier for acidic sugarcane field soil, which is prepared from the following components by weight:

[0007] 100 - 120 parts of sugarcane filter mud, 10 - 15 parts of fertilizer, and 40 - 50 parts of earthworm manure.

[0008] Preferably, the fertilizer includes 15-15-15 compound fertilizer, potassium chloride, and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.

[0009] Preferably, the mass ratio of the fertilizer is as follows: 15-15-15 compound fertilizer: potassium chloride: calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is mixed at 5.4:1:9.4.

[0010] Preferably, by weight, it is prepared from the following components: 100 parts of sugarcane filter mud, 10 parts of fertilizer, and 40 parts of earthworm manure.

[0011] Preferably, by weight, it is prepared from the following components: 120 parts of sugarcane filter mud, 15 parts of fertilizer, and 50 parts of earthworm manure.

[0012] Preferably, by weight, it is prepared from the following components: 110 parts of sugarcane filter mud, 12 parts of fertilizer, and 45 parts of earthworm manure.

[0013] Preferably, the conditioner further includes returning sugarcane leaves to the field. After the previous season's sugarcane is harvested, a shredder is used to crush the sugarcane residue leaves to 5-10 cm, and a machine is used to mix the sugarcane leaves and the soil evenly.

[0014] On the other hand, the present invention provides a preparation method for a root zone conditioner for acidic sugarcane field soil.

[0015] The preparation method is: mixing the above-mentioned finished raw materials.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] 1. Before using the conditioner of the present invention, the pH of the sugarcane field is usually measured to be about 4.0. After using the conditioner of the present invention, the pH of the sugarcane field is usually measured to be about 4.6. Obviously, after using the conditioner, the acidity of the sugarcane field is reduced, promoting the growth and yield of sugarcane.

[0018] 2. After using the conditioner of the present invention, the sugarcane yield per mu of the sugarcane field has increased by 15%. Therefore, the conditioner for acidic sugarcane field soil designed by the present invention has great significance for practical application and popularization. Specific Embodiments

[0019] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Examples

[0021] The present invention provides a technical solution: a root zone conditioner for acidic sugarcane field soil. It is prepared from the following components by weight: 100-120 parts of sugarcane filter mud, 10-15 parts of fertilizer, and 40-50 parts of earthworm manure.

[0022] Among them, the fertilizer includes 15-15-15 compound fertilizer, potassium chloride, and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.

[0023] The mass ratio of the fertilizer is as follows: 15-15-15 compound fertilizer: potassium chloride: calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer is mixed in a ratio of 5.4:1:9.4.

[0024] On the other hand, the present invention provides a preparation method for the root zone conditioner for acidic sugarcane field soil.

[0025] The preparation method is: mixing the above-mentioned finished raw materials.

[0026] 1. Implementation location: Wuming District, Nanning City, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region

[0027] 2. Implementation situation of test technology:

[0028] Selected sugarcane variety: The sugarcane variety for planting is Guitang 49.

[0029] Previous season's sugarcane planting situation: The sugarcane is planted with large and small row spacing. The large row spacing is 1.8 m, and the small row spacing is 20 cm.

[0030] There are two sugarcane field management situations in the test area, specifically as follows:

[0031] (1) Management method for sugarcane planted after renovation: After the previous season's sugarcane is harvested, use a shredder to crush the sugarcane residue leaves to 5-10 cm, then deeply plow and loosen the soil by 35-45 cm, and conduct 2-3 plowing and harrowing operations. After mixing the sugarcane leaves and the soil evenly, then open rows to plant sugarcane. The base fertilizer for sugarcane is applied with 20-40 parts of sugarcane filter mud, 10-15 parts of fertilizer, and 20-35 parts of earthworm manure. When the sugarcane seedlings grow to 50-55 cm, high soil banking is carried out, and the soil ditch depth is 35-45 cm.

[0032] (2) Management method for ratoon sugarcane: After the previous season's sugarcane is harvested, select a shredder to crush the sugarcane residue leaves to 5-10 cm, use a machine to mix the sugarcane leaves and the soil evenly, then open a 25-35 cm fertilization ditch on both sides of the sugarcane row, and apply the mixed conditioner of 80-100 parts of sugarcane filter mud, 10-15 parts of fertilizer, and 40-50 parts of earthworm manure into the roots of the sugarcane. When the sugarcane seedlings grow to 50-55 cm, high soil banking is carried out, and the soil ditch depth is 35-45 cm.

[0033] Composition of the conditioner:

[0034] Control area: Apply 15-15-15 compound fertilizer, with a base fertilizer of 50 (kg / 666.7 m2) and a top dressing of 100 (kg / 666.7 m2).

[0035] Treatment area: 15-15-15 compound fertilizer + potassium chloride + calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, with a ratio of 36.67 - 6.79 - 63.83 kg / 666.7 m2, and a total of 107.29 kg per mu. The application rate of sugarcane filter mud is 1000 (kg / 666.7 m2), and the application rate of earthworm manure is: 500 (kg / 666.7 m2).

[0036] 2.2 Experimental design:

[0037] The experiment was set with 10 treatments:

[0038] CK1: Shallow tillage + farmer's conventional fertilization;

[0039] CK2: Shallow tillage + optimized fertilization;

[0040] Treatment 1: Deep tillage + optimized fertilization;

[0041] Treatment 2: Deep tillage + optimized fertilization + sugarcane leaf return to field;

[0042] Treatment 3: Deep tillage + optimized fertilization + sugarcane filter mud;

[0043] Treatment 4: Deep tillage + optimized fertilization + sugarcane filter mud + sugarcane leaf return to field;

[0044] Treatment 5: Deep tillage + optimized fertilization + decomposed sugarcane filter mud;

[0045] Treatment 6: Deep tillage + optimized fertilization + decomposed sugarcane filter mud + sugarcane leaf return to field;

[0046] Treatment 7: Deep tillage + optimized fertilization + earthworm manure based on sugarcane filter mud;

[0047] Treatment 8: Deep tillage + optimized fertilization + earthworm manure based on sugarcane filter mud + sugarcane leaf return to field.

[0048] There are a total of 10 treatments, with a randomized block design, repeated three times, a total of 30 plots. The plot length is 6.0 m, the plot width is 1.8 m, each plot contains 5 rows, and the plot area is 54 m2. Both the shallow tillage and deep tillage treatments were carried out during the planting of newly planted sugarcane. The plowing and harrowing depth of the shallow tillage treatment is 20 - 25 cm, and the plowing and harrowing depth of the deep tillage treatment is 35 - 40 cm. The fertilization conditions of each experimental treatment are shown in Table 1 below.

[0049] 2.3 Experimental implementation method

[0050] 2.3.1 Site preparation for newly planted sugarcane

[0051] Site preparation for newly planted sugarcane: Collect the sugarcane leaves from the previous season. After clearing the field, conduct on-site planning for 30 experimental plots. Plow and harrow the soil in the deep tillage experimental area to a depth of 35 - 40 cm, and plow and harrow the soil in the shallow tillage plots to a depth of 20 - 25 cm.

[0052] 2.3.2 Incorporating Sugarcane Leaves into the Field for Newly Planted Sugarcane

[0053] Use a leaf shredding machine to shred the sugarcane leaves, evenly spread the leaves on the sugarcane leaf incorporation plot after plowing according to the unit amount of sugarcane leaves, then use a mechanical harrow to break and level them evenly, and finally use a machine to open the planting rows.

[0054] 2.3.3 Planting Newly Planted Sugarcane

[0055] On March 7, 2023, sugarcane was planted manually in two rows with a large row spacing of 140 cm and a small row spacing of 40 cm. When planting, the basal fertilizer was applied in the planting ditch, and after being evenly mixed with the soil, the sugarcane seeds were placed. The seeding density of sugarcane was 7000 buds / 666.7 m 2 .

[0056] 2.3.5 Intertillage and Earthing-up of Newly Planted Sugarcane

[0057] On July 2, 2023, the topdressed nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer were applied to the root zone of the sugarcane, and then earthing-up was carried out with a large sugarcane ridger.

[0058] 2.3.6 Management of Ratoon Sugarcane

[0059] On March 2, 2024, the sugarcane leaves in the non-sugarcane leaf incorporation area were removed, the sugarcane leaves in the sugarcane leaf incorporation area were shredded with a leaf shredding machine and evenly spread in the plot. On March 11, a fertilization ditch with a depth of 15 cm was opened on both sides of the sugarcane rows with a ditch-opening machine, and the basal fertilizer was applied; on May 19, the topdressed nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer were applied to the root zone of the sugarcane, and then earthing-up was carried out with a large sugarcane ridger. The fertilization amounts for each stage are shown in Table 1.

[0060] 2.4 Soil Investigation Items:

[0061] 2.4.1 Basic Soil:

[0062] Sampling method: 15 soil spot samples were collected in the test area according to the "S" type sampling method, and after being evenly mixed, 2 kg of samples were retained by the quartering method. The items measured for the basic soil were: total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, soil organic matter, pH.

[0063] 2.4.2 Soil of Each Plot at the Harvesting Stage:

[0064] After the two-year experiment ended, in the experimental plots, two soil sampling points were collected on each planting row in the sugarcane root zone, avoiding the fertilization points. After mixing evenly, two 100-g samples and one 2-kg fresh soil sample were separated by the quartering method. The 100-g samples were stored in a refrigerator at 4°C. One was used to measure the activities of soil urease, phosphatase, sucrase, and catalase; the other was used to measure soil microbial biomass. After the 2-kg sample was naturally air-dried, the total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium, organic matter, and pH chemical indexes of the soil were detected. At the same time, the drying method, core cutter method, compactness meter method, hydrometer method, and Kachinsky method were used to measure soil moisture, bulk density, compactness, texture, and soil aggregate structure, respectively.

[0065] 2.5 Investigation and Observation of Sugarcane Agronomic Traits:

[0066] (1) Emergence rate: 45 days after sowing;

[0067] (2) Tillering: Investigated twice in May;

[0068] (3) From June to December, plant height was investigated monthly;

[0069] (4) Before harvest, stem diameter, stem length, Bx of field cane juice, sugar content per mu, and theoretical yield were measured;

[0070] (5) The actual yield of sugarcane in the plot was measured.

[0071] Implementation time: March 1, 2023 - December 15, 2023

[0072] Table 1 is as follows:

[0073]

[0074] Table 2 is as follows:

[0075]

[0076] In summary, the present invention was implemented as described above during the experimental planting of sugarcane in the same year, and the sugarcane was harvested at the end of 2023. It can be seen from the 10 treatment areas and Tables 1 - 2 that after using this modifier, the acidity of the sugarcane root zone soil increased by about 0.6; the sugarcane yield per mu of sugarcane field increased by 16.62%. Therefore, the modifier for acidic sugarcane field soil designed by the present invention has great significance for being put into use and popularized.

[0077] The above is only the preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, makes equivalent substitutions or changes, and all should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil conditioner for acidic sugarcane fields, characterized by: The improver is prepared from the following components by weight: 100-120 parts of sucrose sludge, 10-15 parts of fertilizer, 40-50 parts of earthworm castings.

2. The root zone conditioner for acidic sugarcane fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fertilizers include 15-15-15 compound fertilizer, potassium chloride and calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer.

3. The root zone improver for acidic sugarcane fields according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mass ratio of the fertilizer is as follows: 15-15-15 compound fertilizer: potassium chloride: calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer mixed in the ratio of 5.4:1:9.

4.

4. The root zone improver for acidic sugarcane fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following components by weight: 100 parts of sucrose sludge, 10 parts of fertilizer and 40 parts of earthworm castings.

5. The root zone improver for acidic sugarcane fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following components by weight: 120 parts of sucrose sludge, 15 parts of fertilizer and 50 parts of earthworm castings.

6. The root zone improver for acidic sugarcane fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The invention is prepared from the following components by weight: 110 parts of sucrose sludge, 12 parts of fertilizer and 45 parts of earthworm castings.

7. The root zone improver for acidic sugarcane fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The improver also includes returning sugarcane leaves to the field. The returning sugarcane leaves to the field is to use a leaf crusher to crush the remaining sugarcane leaves into 5-10 cm after the sugarcane is harvested in the previous season, and then use a machine to evenly mix the sugarcane leaves with the soil.

8. A method for preparing a root zone conditioner for acidic sugarcane fields, characterized in that: The preparation method comprises: mixing the above-mentioned finished product raw materials.

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