Replaceable crushing tooth cap and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of alloy smelting, and provides a replaceable crushing tooth cap and a preparation method thereof. The replaceable crushing tooth cap is prepared from the following components in percentage by weight: 0.30 percent to 0.35 percent of C, 1.3 percent to 1.5 percent of Si, 0.7 percent to 0.85 percent of Mn, 1.5 percent to 1.8 percent of Cr, 0.05 percent to 0.08 percent of Ni, 0.35 percent to 0.4 percent of Mo, 0.016 percent to 0.019 percent of P, 0.008 percent to 0.009 percent of S, 0.03 percent to 0.04 percent of Cu, 0.01 percent to 0.1 percent of V and the balance of Fe. The weight ratio of V to Ni is 1: (0.5-5), and the balance is iron and inevitable impurities. By means of the technical scheme, the problem that in the prior art, a crushing tooth cap is poor in abrasion resistance is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of alloy smelting, and specifically, to a replaceable crushing tooth cap and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The sizing crusher is mainly used for the primary crushing of large pieces of materials. It has a large feeding particle size and a high crushing strength, and has extremely high requirements for the wear resistance of the crushing teeth. The crushing teeth are the core components directly involved in the material crushing, and at the same time are vulnerable parts. At present, the toothed rolls of sizing crushers mainly adopt the toothed ring type. The toothed ring type structure: usually integrally cast, it is difficult to replace after wear, and the toothed roll needs to be disassembled from the equipment and returned to the factory for repair, resulting in high replacement costs and long downtime, seriously affecting production efficiency. And the traditional toothed ring type crushing teeth are generally cast with high manganese steel, with high cost and cumbersome process, requiring steps such as phosphorus control, and the wear resistance of high manganese steel is insufficient, and it wears quickly when there are more gangue in the crushed materials. Therefore, it is of great significance to develop a highly wear-resistant replaceable crushing tooth cap. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a replaceable crushing tooth cap and a preparation method thereof, which solve the problem of poor wear resistance of the crushing tooth cap in the related art.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is as follows: The present invention provides a replaceable crushing tooth cap, which is composed of the following components by weight percentage: C 0.30% - 0.35%, Si 1.3% - 1.5%, Mn 0.7% - 0.85%, Cr 1.5% - 1.8%, Ni 0.05% - 0.08%, Mo 0.35% - 0.4%, P 0.016% - 0.019%, S 0.008% - 0.009%, Cu 0.03% - 0.04%, V 0.01% - 0.1%; the weight ratio of V to Ni is 1:0.5 - 5, and the rest is iron and inevitable impurities.

[0005] As a further technical solution, the weight ratio of V to Ni is 1:1.5 - 3.

[0006] In the present invention, vanadium has a strong affinity with carbon and is easy to form vanadium carbide. Vanadium carbide has high hardness. Vanadium carbide particles in alloy steel can hinder dislocation movement, greatly improve the strength and hardness of steel, effectively resist friction and impact of materials, and reduce surface wear. In the process of forming vanadium carbide, vanadium will promote the grain refinement of steel. Small grains have a larger grain boundary area, and the ability of grain boundaries to hinder dislocation movement is stronger, thereby improving the strength and hardness of steel; the addition of nickel can help refine the grains and improve the uniformity of the steel's organizational structure. The synergistic effect of vanadium and nickel further enhances the grain refinement effect. The fine grain structure not only improves the ability of the tooth cap surface to resist wear, but also enhances the fatigue performance of the material.

[0007] The present invention also provides a method for preparing a replaceable crushing tooth cap, which is used to prepare the replaceable crushing tooth cap, comprising the following steps: S1, after preparing the ingredients, heating to obtain alloy liquid; S2. After adding a deoxidizer into the alloy liquid, a replaceable crushing tooth cap is obtained through casting, quenching and tempering.

[0008] As a further technical solution, the heating temperature is 1600~1700℃.

[0009] As a further technical solution, the deoxidizer is aluminum chips.

[0010] In the present invention, the aluminum element in the aluminum chips has a very strong deoxidizing ability. During the refining process, the aluminum reacts chemically with the oxygen in the alloy liquid to generate aluminum oxide, which is suspended in the steel liquid in the form of fine particles and then removed by floating, thereby greatly reducing the oxygen content in the steel liquid.

[0011] As a further technical solution, the amount of the deoxidizer added is 0.5-2 kg per ton of alloy liquid.

[0012] As a further technical solution, the cooling in the quenching includes a first cooling and a second cooling, and the first cooling and the second cooling are performed in different ways.

[0013] As a further technical solution, the quenching temperature is 800-850° C., and the quenching time is 1-2 hours.

[0014] As a further technical solution, the first cooling method is oil cooling, and the second cooling method is air cooling.

[0015] In the present invention, graded quenching (oil cooling first and then air cooling) is adopted to avoid excessive internal stress and cracking risks caused by water cooling. The first cooling adopts oil cooling, which has a moderate cooling speed, can make the stress distribution inside the tooth cap relatively uniform, avoiding early failure caused by stress concentration; the second cooling adopts air cooling, which has a relatively slow cooling speed, can make the formed structure finer and more uniform, and has a stronger ability to hinder dislocation movement, further improving the hardness and wear resistance of the crushing tooth cap.

[0016] As a further technical solution, the temperature of the oil cooling is 500-600°C, for example, it can be 500°C, 520°C, 540°C, 550°C, 570°C, 590°C, 600°C, and preferably 550°C.

[0017] In the present invention, the temperature of oil cooling is 500-600°C, and during the oil cooling process, it can be transformed into a finer and more uniform structure. The fine structure has higher strength and toughness, and can better withstand the impact and friction in the crushing operation; after the oil is cooled to 500-600°C, it is placed in the air and slowly cooled to room temperature, so that the atoms inside the crushing tooth cap have more time to diffuse and rearrange, thereby more fully releasing the residual stress after oil cooling, and further improving the strength and toughness of the crushing tooth cap.

[0018] As a further technical solution, at least one of the following technical features is included: The tempering temperature is 150-250°C, for example, 150°C, 200°C, 250°C; the tempering time is 1-2h, for example, 1h, 1.5h, 2h; The tempering process also includes shot peening.

[0019] In the present invention, the quenching process will cause a large amount of lattice distortion and dislocation to form inside the tooth cap, generating huge quenching stress, while by low-temperature tempering, atoms gain a certain amount of energy and start to move, the lattice distortion can be partially restored, and the dislocations are rearranged, thereby reducing the internal stress concentration. Low-temperature tempering can also effectively relieve stress and reduce the risk of cracks.

[0020] During the shot peening process, high-speed projectiles continuously hit the surface of the gear cap, causing plastic deformation of the surface metal. The deformation process generates residual compressive stress on the surface of the gear cap, which can reduce the possibility of cracks on the surface of the gear cap due to tensile stress concentration. The impact of the projectile will also cause the grains on the surface of the gear cap to be severely deformed and broken, forming a finer and more uniform grain structure. The fine grain structure has a larger grain boundary area, which ensures the strength and hardness of the material.

[0021] The working principle and beneficial effects of the present invention are: In the present invention, alloy steel is used as the casting material, and its comprehensive mechanical properties are better. By adding alloying elements such as chromium, molybdenum, nickel, and vanadium to the alloy steel and adjusting the ratio of each element, the weight ratio of V to Ni is limited to 1:0.5 - 5, which improves the wear resistance of the alloy steel and can still maintain high wear resistance under low-impact or non-impact working conditions, meeting the diverse working condition requirements of the crushing teeth. Specific Embodiments

[0022] The following will combine the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] In the following embodiments and comparative examples: Ferrosilicon alloy, silicon content 75wt%; ferromolybdenum alloy, molybdenum content 70wt%; ferrovanadium alloy, vanadium content 50wt%; ferromanganese alloy, manganese content 68wt%; ferrochrome alloy, chromium content 60wt%.

[0024] Example 1 A replaceable crushing tooth cap, by weight percentage, consists of the following components: C 0.30%, Si 1.3%, Mn 0.7%, Cr 1.5%, Ni 0.05%, Mo 0.35%, P 0.016%, S 0.008%, Cu 0.03%, V 0.1%; the weight ratio of V to Ni is 2:1, and the rest is iron and inevitable impurities; The preparation method of the replaceable crushing tooth cap includes the following steps: S1. After proportioning carbon powder, ferrosilicon alloy, ferromanganese alloy, ferrochrome alloy, nickel powder, ferromolybdenum alloy, ferrovanadium alloy, and copper powder, heat to 1600°C to obtain alloy liquid; S2. Add 0.5 kg / t of aluminum chips based on the mass of the alloy liquid to the alloy liquid, then cast it into a sand mold to obtain a blank. Quench the blank at 800°C for 2 h, then cool it to room temperature by oil cooling, then temper it at 150°C for 2 h, and then perform shot peening treatment to obtain the replaceable crushing tooth cap.

[0025] Example 2 A replaceable crushing tooth cap, by weight percentage, consists of the following components: C 0.32%, Si 1.4%, Mn 0.8%, Cr 1.6%, Ni 0.08%, Mo 0.38%, P 0.017%, S 0.008%, Cu 0.03%, V 0.02%; the weight ratio of V to Ni is 1:4, and the rest is iron and inevitable impurities; Preparation method of replaceable crushing tooth cap, comprising the following steps: S1. After proportioning carbon powder, ferrosilicon alloy, ferromanganese alloy, ferrochromium alloy, nickel powder, ferromolybdenum alloy, ferrovanadium alloy, and copper powder, heat to 1650 °C to obtain alloy liquid; S2. Add 1.5 kg / t of aluminum chips based on the mass of the alloy liquid to the alloy liquid, then cast it into a sand mold to obtain a blank. Quench the blank at 820 °C for 2 h, then cool it to room temperature by oil cooling, then temper at 200 °C for 2 h, and then perform shot peening treatment to obtain a replaceable crushing tooth cap.

[0026] Example 3 A replaceable crushing tooth cap, by weight percentage, consists of the following components: C 0.35%, Si 1.5%, Mn 0.85%, Cr 1.8%, Ni 0.05%, Mo 0.4%, P 0.019%, S 0.009%, Cu 0.04%, V 0.01%; the weight ratio of V to Ni is 1:5, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities; Preparation method of replaceable crushing tooth cap, comprising the following steps: S1. After proportioning carbon powder, ferrosilicon alloy, ferromanganese alloy, ferrochromium alloy, nickel powder, ferromolybdenum alloy, ferrovanadium alloy, and copper powder, heat to 1700 °C to obtain alloy liquid; S2. Add 2 kg / t of aluminum chips based on the mass of the alloy liquid to the alloy liquid, then cast it into a sand mold to obtain a blank. Quench the blank at 850 °C for 1 h, then cool it to room temperature by oil cooling, then temper at 250 °C for 1 h, and then perform shot peening treatment to obtain a replaceable crushing tooth cap.

[0027] Example 4 Compared with Example 2, this example is only different in that a replaceable crushing tooth cap, by weight percentage, consists of the following components: C 0.32%, Si 1.4%, Mn 0.8%, Cr 1.6%, Ni 0.05%, Mo 0.38%, P 0.017%, S 0.008%, Cu 0.03%, V 0.05%; the weight ratio of V to Ni is 1:1, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities.

[0028] Example 5 Compared with Example 2, this example is only different in that a replaceable crushing tooth cap, by weight percentage, consists of the following components: C 0.32%, Si 1.4%, Mn 0.8%, Cr 1.6%, Ni 0.06%, Mo 0.38%, P 0.017%, S 0.008%, Cu 0.03%, V 0.04%; the weight ratio of V to Ni is 2:3, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities.

[0029] Example 6 This example is only different from Example 2 in that a replaceable crushing tooth cap is composed of the following components by weight percentage: C 0.32%, Si 1.4%, Mn 0.8%, Cr 1.6%, Ni 0.075%, Mo 0.38%, P 0.017%, S 0.008%, Cu 0.03%, V 0.025%; the weight ratio of V to Ni is 1:3, and the rest is iron and inevitable impurities.

[0030] Example 7 This example is only different from Example 6 in that in step S2: after adding 1.5 kg / t of aluminum chips based on the mass of the alloy liquid to the alloy liquid, it is cast into a sand mold to obtain a blank. After quenching the blank at 820 °C for 2 h, it is cooled in oil to 700 °C and then cooled in water to room temperature, and then tempered at 200 °C for 2 h, and then shot peened to obtain a replaceable crushing tooth cap.

[0031] Example 8 This example is only different from Example 6 in that in step S2: after adding 1.5 kg / t of aluminum chips based on the mass of the alloy liquid to the alloy liquid, it is cast into a sand mold to obtain a blank. After quenching the blank at 820 °C for 2 h, it is cooled in oil to 700 °C and then air-cooled to room temperature, and then tempered at 200 °C for 2 h, and then shot peened to obtain a replaceable crushing tooth cap.

[0032] Example 9 This example is only different from Example 8 in that after being cooled in oil to 400 °C and then air-cooled to room temperature.

[0033] Example 10 This example is only different from Example 8 in that after being cooled in oil to 500 °C and then air-cooled to room temperature.

[0034] Example 11 This example is only different from Example 8 in that after being cooled in oil to 550 °C and then air-cooled to room temperature.

[0035] Example 12 This example is only different from Example 8 in that after being cooled in oil to 600 °C and then air-cooled to room temperature.

[0036] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example is different from Example 1 only in that a replaceable crushing tooth cap is composed of the following components by weight percentage: C 0.30%, Si 1.3%, Mn 0.7%, Cr 1.5%, Ni 0.08%, Mo 0.35%, P 0.016%, S 0.008%, Cu 0.03%, V 0.16%; the weight ratio of V to Ni is 2:1, and the rest is iron and inevitable impurities.

[0037] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example is different from Example 1 only in that a replaceable crushing tooth cap is composed of the following components by weight percentage: C 0.30%, Si 1.3%, Mn 0.7%, Cr 1.5%, Ni 0.08%, Mo 0.35%, P 0.016%, S 0.008%, Cu 0.03%, V 0.01%; the weight ratio of V to Ni is 1:8, and the rest is iron and inevitable impurities.

[0038] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example is different from Example 1 only in that a replaceable crushing tooth cap is composed of the following components by weight percentage: C 0.30%, Si 1.3%, Mn 0.7%, Cr 1.5%, Mo 0.35%, P 0.016%, S 0.008%, Cu 0.03%, V 0.15%, and the rest is iron and inevitable impurities.

[0039] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example is different from Example 1 only in that a replaceable crushing tooth cap is composed of the following components by weight percentage: C 0.30%, Si 1.3%, Mn 0.7%, Cr 1.5%, Ni 0.15%, Mo 0.35%, P 0.016%, S 0.008%, Cu 0.03%, and the rest is iron and inevitable impurities.

[0040] Experimental Example 1 The replaceable crushing tooth caps prepared in Examples 1 - 6 and Comparative Examples 1 - 4 were tested for mass wear according to the method described in GB / T 12444 - 2006 "Test Method for Wear of Metallic Materials - Ring - Block Sliding Wear Test". The pressure was 70 N, the grinding wheel speed was 200 rpm, the total number of revolutions was 2000 r, and the time was 10 min. The test results are shown in Table 1.

[0041] Table 1 Test Results of Wear Resistance of Replaceable Crushing Tooth Caps

[0042] As can be seen from Table 1, the mass wear of the replaceable crushing tooth caps prepared in Examples 1 to 6 is lower than that in Comparative Examples 1 to 4, indicating that adding V and Ni simultaneously and adjusting the ratio between them can improve the wear resistance of the replaceable crushing tooth caps.

[0043] Experimental Example 2 The tensile strength of the replaceable crushing tooth caps prepared in Examples 6 to 12 was tested according to the method described in GB / T 228.1-2021 "Metallic materials - Tensile testing - Part 1: Method of test at room temperature". The test results are shown in Table 2.

[0044] Table 2 Tensile strength test results of replaceable crushing tooth caps

[0045] As can be seen from Table 2, the tensile strength of the replaceable crushing tooth caps prepared in Examples 10 to 12 is higher than that in Examples 6 to 9, indicating that oil cooling to 500 - 600 °C first and then air cooling to room temperature during quenching can improve the tensile strength of the replaceable crushing tooth caps.

[0046] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A replaceable crushing tooth cap, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following components in weight percentage: C 0.30%~0.35%, Si 1.3%~1.5%, Mn 0.7%~0.85%, Cr 1.5%~1.8%, Ni 0.05%~0.08%, Mo 0.35%~0.4%, P0.016%~0.019%, S 0.008%~0.009%, Cu 0.03%~0.04%, V 0.01%~0.1%; the weight ratio of V to Ni is 1:0.5~5, and the rest is iron and unavoidable impurities.

2. A replaceable crushing tooth cap according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the V to the Ni is 1:1.5-3.

3. A method for preparing a replaceable crushing tooth cap, used for preparing a replaceable crushing tooth cap as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 2, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1, after preparing the ingredients, heating to obtain alloy liquid; S2. After adding a deoxidizer into the alloy liquid, a replaceable crushing tooth cap is obtained through casting, quenching and tempering.

4. The method for preparing a replaceable crushing tooth cap according to claim 3, characterized in that: The heating temperature is 1600-1700°C.

5. The method for preparing a replaceable crushing tooth cap according to claim 3, characterized in that: The deoxidizer is aluminum chips.

6. The method for preparing a replaceable crushing tooth cap according to claim 5, characterized in that: The amount of the deoxidizer added is 0.5-2 kg per ton of alloy liquid.

7. The method for preparing a replaceable crushing tooth cap according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cooling in the quenching includes a first cooling and a second cooling, and the first cooling and the second cooling are performed in different ways.

8. The method for preparing a replaceable crushing tooth cap according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first cooling method is oil cooling, and the second cooling method is air cooling.

9. The method for preparing a replaceable crushing tooth cap according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature of the oil cooling is 500-600°C.

10. The method for preparing a replaceable crushing tooth cap according to claim 3, characterized in that: Include at least one of the following technical features: The tempering temperature is 150-250°C, and the tempering time is 1-2h; The tempering process also includes shot peening.

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