Anti-flooding underwater rescue capsule for hydropower station and pumped storage power station

Abstract

The invention discloses an anti-flooding underwater rescue capsule for a hydropower station and a pumped storage power station. The anti-flooding underwater rescue capsule comprises a capsule body, a first drainage pipeline, a ventilation pipeline and a water supplementing and pressure balancing valve, a transition cabin and a survival cabin are arranged in the cabin body, the transition cabin and the survival cabin are separated through a partition plate, the transition cabin is provided with a first cabin door communicated with the inside and the outside, and the partition plate is provided with a second cabin door communicated with the transition cabin and the survival cabin; the first drainage pipeline comprises a first water pipe communicating the transition cabin and the survival cabin, and a first water valve arranged on the first water pipe and located in the transition cabin. The ventilation pipeline comprises an air pipe communicating the transition cabin and the survival cabin, and a first air valve arranged on the air pipe and located in the transition cabin. The water pump is arranged on the outer side of the transition cabin and used for conveying external water into the transition cabin. The rescue capsule can tolerate a high-pressure water environment, and deformation and sealing failure are prevented; multi-batch personnel can enter the cabin continuously, and the rescue efficiency is improved; temperature control in the cabin is accurate and stable, functional partition intensive design is adopted, the space utilization rate and the rescue response speed are optimized, and the risk avoiding and survival requirements of flooding accidents are met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of life-saving cabins, and particularly to an underwater life-saving cabin for preventing waterlogging in hydropower stations and pumped-storage power stations. Background Art

[0002] Flooding of the powerhouse, fire, and collapse are major safety accidents in underground powerhouses. The production powerhouse of a hydropower station (pumped-storage power station) is located deep underground and is the main place where personnel work and equipment operates intensively. However, due to factors such as geographical conditions, abnormal operation of mechanical equipment, and valve failures, various safety accidents may occur. Among them, flooding of the powerhouse is one of the major safety accidents in hydropower stations. In a relatively enclosed large underground chamber group, once personnel encounter a powerhouse flooding accident, the survival probability of the trapped personnel is extremely low in the absence of effective passive escape devices.

[0003] According to the requirements of the energy industry standard NB35074-2015 "Design Code for Labor Safety and Industrial Hygiene in Hydropower Projects", mobile life-saving cabins or fixed refuge chambers should be set up in large underground chamber groups. Currently, the widely used mine rescue cabins are mainly designed for scenarios such as mine gas explosions and fires, and there are significant gaps between their pressure resistance capabilities, entry cabin logics, and functional systems and the requirements of hydropower station flooding accidents. The main problems are as follows:

[0004] Insufficient pressure resistance: Most of the cabin bodies of mine rescue cabins adopt a plate welding structure, and the pressure resistance is usually ≤0.1 MPa. In a high-pressure water environment, the cabin body is prone to deformation and even seal failure due to external pressure, and it cannot meet the strict requirements of external pressure ≥0.3 MPa in hydropower station flooding accidents.

[0005] Single entry cabin limitation: Mine rescue cabins adopt a single-stage transition cabin design. After entering the cabin, it is necessary to close and drain water and balance the air pressure, and it cannot provide an escape passage for subsequent personnel; moreover, the volume of its transition cabin is limited, and it is difficult to adapt to the continuous refuge needs of multiple people.

[0006] Insufficient functional adaptability: The oxygen supply and drainage pipelines of mine rescue cabins highly rely on external compressed air pipelines. Once the pipelines are damaged, the oxygen reserve in the cabin (per capita <0.5 m 3 / h) can only maintain short-term refuge; in addition, it lacks an efficient drainage and pressure balance design for a flooded environment and cannot cope with the working condition where the cabin door can still be effectively opened after being submerged by water. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To overcome the defects in the prior art, an embodiment of the present invention provides an underwater life-saving cabin for preventing waterlogging in a hydropower station and a pumped-storage power station. This life-saving cabin can withstand a high-pressure water environment, effectively prevent the deformation of the cabin body or the failure of the seal; support multiple batches of personnel to enter the cabin continuously for taking shelter, break through the limitation of the traditional life-saving cabin for single entry, and significantly improve the rescue efficiency; the temperature control system in the cabin is accurate and stable, maintaining a comfortable temperature range for the human body; the cabin adopts an intensive design of functional zoning, and the layout of the environmental monitoring, life support, and emergency supplies modules is compact and reasonable, with a simple and efficient operation process, maximizing the utilization rate of space and the rescue response speed, and fully meeting the safety shelter and survival needs in the waterlogging accident.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an underwater life-saving cabin for preventing waterlogging in a hydropower station and a pumped-storage power station, including:

[0009] A cabin body, in which a transition cabin and a survival cabin are provided. The transition cabin and the survival cabin are separated by a partition. The transition cabin is provided with a first cabin door communicating with its inside and outside, and the partition is provided with a second cabin door communicating with the transition cabin and the survival cabin;

[0010] A first drainage pipeline, including a first water pipe communicating the transition cabin and the survival cabin, and a first water valve provided on the first water pipe and located in the transition cabin;

[0011] A ventilation pipeline, including an air pipe communicating the transition cabin and the survival cabin, and a first air valve provided on the air pipe and located in the transition cabin;

[0012] A make-up water and pressure equalizing valve, provided outside the transition cabin, which can convey external water into the transition cabin.

[0013] The cabin body is divided into a transition cabin and a survival cabin by a partition. Combining the hierarchical protection design of the first cabin door and the second cabin door, the transition cabin serves as a dynamic pressure adjustment area, and the survival cabin serves as a stable shelter area. Then, in combination with the first drainage pipeline to drain the water in the transition cabin into the survival cabin, the ventilation pipeline balances the air pressure difference between the two cabins through gas reflux, and the make-up water and pressure equalizing valve adjusts the water pressure inside and outside the transition cabin to ensure the normal opening and closing of the first cabin door under high water pressure. The multi-party cooperation realizes the recycling of the life-saving cabin, supports multiple batches of personnel to take shelter continuously, breaks through the limitation of the traditional life-saving cabin for single entry, and is especially suitable for emergency shelter in waterlogging accidents in enclosed spaces such as underground powerhouses of hydropower stations.

[0014] The first hatch is normally kept open daily to ensure that the first batch of personnel can quickly enter the transition cabin. The second hatch is normally kept closed daily to prevent water from flowing into the survival cabin. After the first batch of personnel enter the transition cabin, since the air pressure inside and outside the transition cabin is in a balanced state at this time, the hatch of the transition cabin can be quickly closed. However, due to the sealing structures such as the partition board and the second hatch, the transition cabin and the survival cabin are divided into two independent spaces. At this time, the air pressures in the transition cabin and the survival cabin are not balanced, and the second hatch cannot be opened, so the personnel cannot enter the survival cabin. By opening the first water valve and air valve on the side of the transition cabin, the gas in the survival cabin enters the transition cabin, and the water in the transition cabin flows to the survival cabin through the first water pipe under the action of pressure and gravity. When the transition cabin is drained, the air pressure in the survival cabin increases due to the rising water level, and the high-pressure gas naturally flows back to the transition cabin through the air exchange pipe, gradually making the air pressures on both sides balanced, ensuring that the second hatch can be smoothly opened after drainage, and the first batch of personnel can enter the survival cabin. That is: Personnel enter the transition cabin → Close the first hatch → Open the first water valve to drain water to the survival cabin → The air exchange pipe balances the air pressure → Open the second hatch and transfer to the survival cabin.

[0015] When the first batch of personnel have completed entering the survival cabin, at this time, both the first hatch and the second hatch are in a closed state. At this time, when the second batch of personnel want to enter the transition cabin, the first hatch needs to be opened. It is necessary to first ensure the balance of the water pressures inside and outside the transition cabin. When the water pressures inside and outside are not balanced, the water pressure inside and outside the transition cabin is adjusted through the water filling and pressure balancing valve. Thus, it is ensured that the first hatch can be opened and the second batch of personnel can enter the transition cabin. After entering the transition cabin, repeat the adjustment of the above first drainage pipeline and the air exchange pipeline to balance the pressures of the transition cabin and the survival cabin, and ensure that the second batch of personnel enter the survival cabin. When subsequent personnel enter, repeat the above operations. That is: Inject water into the transition cabin through the water filling and pressure balancing valve → Balance the internal and external pressures → Open the first hatch → Personnel enter the transition cabin → Close the first hatch → Open the first water valve to drain water to the survival cabin → The air exchange pipe balances the air pressure → Open the second hatch and transfer to the survival cabin.

[0016] Preferably, the cabin body adopts a design of a cylindrical barrel and an elliptical head, which improves the compressive capacity and reduces the water flow resistance. The inside of the cabin body is divided into a transition cabin and a survival cabin by a vertically arranged partition board. The partition board can be a flat plate or a corrugated plate structure with reinforcing ribs. When the partition board is a corrugated plate structure, the bending stiffness is enhanced through the geometric shape of the wave crests and wave troughs, and at the same time, the occupation of the internal space of the cabin by the reinforcing ribs is avoided. The pressure resistance of the partition board is equivalent to the underwater pressure resistance limit of the human body, which not only ensures the utilization rate of the internal space of the life-saving cabin, but also ensures that when there are people taking shelter and surviving, the partition board is not damaged by water pressure.

[0017] Preferably, the water inlet of the first water pipe is located in the lower area of the transition cabin, specifically, it can be set below the second hatch, so that the water in the transition cabin flows into the survival cabin through the first water pipe under the action of pressure and gravity. When the water level in the transition cabin is higher than that in the survival cabin and the second hatch cannot be opened, by opening the first water valve and air valve on the side of the transition cabin, the gas in the survival cabin enters the transition cabin, and the water in the transition cabin flows to the survival cabin through the first water pipe under the action of pressure and gravity. This process reduces the dependence on the water pump and lowers the energy consumption. Further preferably, the first water pipe adopts an inclined pipeline design, which slopes downward from one side of the transition cabin to the other side of the survival cabin. The inclined pipeline design ensures smooth water flow, avoids water backflow, and ensures the reliability of unidirectional drainage. A detachable filter screen is installed at the water inlet of the first water pipe to intercept particulate matter and facilitate cleaning and maintenance, ensuring unobstructed drainage.

[0018] Preferably, the first drainage pipeline includes two independent first water pipes, and first water valves respectively arranged on the first water pipes and located in the transition cabin. When one of the water pipes is blocked, the drainage capacity can still be maintained at 50%, ensuring the reliability of the rescue process.

[0019] Preferably, there are two make-up water and pressure equalizing valves, which are respectively arranged on both sides of the first hatch. By setting multiple make-up water and pressure equalizing valves, the make-up water speed is increased, and thus the speed of entering the cabin is increased.

[0020] Preferably, a second drainage pipeline is further included. The second drainage pipeline includes a second water pipe connecting the survival cabin and the transition cabin, and a first water pump arranged on the second water pipe and located in the survival cabin. When the first water pump operates, it can actively pump the accumulated water in the survival cabin back to the transition cabin through the second water pipe, quickly empty the accumulated water in the survival cabin to maintain the available space, and create conditions for the subsequent batches of personnel to enter the cabin. By draining water into the transition cabin and cooperating with the make-up water and pressure equalizing valves to dynamically adjust the pressure difference inside and outside the transition cabin, pressure balance conditions are created for the second batch of personnel to enter the cabin. When the second batch of personnel need to enter the transition cabin, the water injected back into the transition cabin and the water input into the transition cabin through the make-up water and pressure equalizing valves jointly adjust the pressure, shortening the balancing time, and thus accelerating the entry process of the subsequent batches. The first water pump is fixedly installed in the dry area of the survival cabin to avoid the risk of equipment erosion caused by the water immersion environment in the transition cabin and ensure the operation reliability under emergency conditions.

[0021] Preferably, a third drainage pipeline is further included. The third drainage pipeline includes a drainage port arranged in the bottom area of the survival cabin, a third water pipe connected to the drainage port, and a second water pump arranged on the third water pipe. The second water pump is fixed in the dry area of the survival cabin and is used to pump the residual accumulated water in the survival cabin or the transition cabin to the outside through the third water pipe. Further preferably, a detachable protective net is arranged at the drainage port of the third water pipe to intercept sundries and prevent blockage, ensuring the use reliability.

[0022] Preferably, a third hatch communicating the inside and outside is provided at the top of the survival cabin. The third hatch is a pressure-resistant hatch that opens outwards. It can be set to be circular, and a sealing structure is provided at the edge to ensure the sealing effect. The third hatch can be used for emergency escape, and the personnel in the survival cabin can evacuate in batches through the third hatch at the top. The first hatch can be a circular waterproof and pressure-resistant door that opens outwards, and the second hatch can be a square waterproof and pressure-resistant door that opens towards the transition cabin side.

[0023] Preferably, it further includes a compressed air supply and return air system, which includes: a supply air pipe, one end of which extends to the high altitude outside, and the other end is connected to the inside of the survival cabin. A second air valve is provided on the supply air pipe for inputting external gas into the survival cabin; a return air pipe, one end of which extends to the high altitude outside, and the other end is connected to the inside of the survival cabin. A third air valve is provided on the return air pipe for discharging the gas in the survival cabin to the outside. Specifically, the air supply port of the supply air pipe and the air return port of the return air pipe can be provided above the side of the survival cabin. Through the supply air pipe and the return air pipe extending to the high altitude outside, the air circulation in the cabin is ensured to meet the survival needs of personnel taking shelter. The return air volume in the return air pipe is the same as the supply air volume in the supply air pipe to ensure that the pressure in the survival cabin is always at normal pressure.

[0024] Preferably, it further includes a liquid food supply system, which includes a liquid food pipe. One end of the liquid food pipe extends to the external liquid food supply end, and the other end is connected to the inside of the survival cabin. A control valve is provided on the liquid food pipe. Specifically, the liquid food pipe can form a liquid food supply interface above the side of the survival cabin. When the external liquid food pipeline is intact, the control valve is opened to convey liquid food or drinking water into the cabin to ensure the basic survival needs of the shelter-seeking personnel.

[0025] Preferably, the following are provided in the transition cabin:

[0026] A compressed air storage device, the outlet of which is connected to the survival cabin through a supply air pipe for conveying compressed air to the survival cabin. Multiple air cylinders can be selected for the compressed air storage device. The number of air cylinders is determined by the net volume of the transition cabin and is used to maintain the pressure balance in the cabin when the life-saving cabin drains water outwards.

[0027] An oxygen storage device, the outlet of which is connected to the survival cabin through a supply air pipe for conveying oxygen to the survival cabin. Multiple oxygen cylinders can be selected for the oxygen storage device. The number of oxygen cylinders is determined according to the rated protection number and time of the life-saving cabin. When the compressed air supply and return air system cannot be used normally, it supplies the oxygen required for the survival of the shelter-seeking personnel.

[0028] Specifically, the outlets of the air cylinders and oxygen cylinders are connected to the survival cabin through a manifold. A pressure reducing valve is provided on the manifold to control the pressure range of the air and oxygen through the pressure reducing valve.

[0029] An air bottle and an oxygen bottle are independently arranged inside the transfer cabin. The dual-gas supply system can still maintain the oxygen supply inside the cabin when the external pipeline is damaged, increasing the emergency survival duration.

[0030] On both sides near the second hatch inside the survival cabin, there are provided a pressure air supply and return air end control box, a liquid food end control box, a compressed oxygen supply end control box, an external drainage control box, an internal drainage control box, and an internal ventilation control box, facilitating necessary survival guarantee operations when personnel take shelter in the survival cabin. The pressure air supply and return air end control box is used to control the second air valve and the third air valve of the pressure air supply and return air system. When the oxygen in the survival cabin is insufficient, the second air valve and the third air valve can be quickly opened, and oxygen is transported into the survival cabin through the air supply pipe and the return air pipe leading to a high altitude outside the workshop. The liquid food end control box is used to control the control valve of the liquid food supply system. By opening the control valve, liquid food is transported into the survival cabin through the liquid food pipe leading to the outside. With external oxygen and liquid food, theoretically, personnel can have an infinite survival duration inside the cabin. The compressed oxygen supply end control box is used to control the opening and closing of the compressed air storage device and the oxygen storage device inside the transfer cabin. The external drainage control box is used to control the opening and closing of the second water pump of the third drainage pipeline. The internal drainage control box is used to control the opening and closing of the first water pump of the second drainage pipeline. The internal ventilation control box is used to control the opening and closing of the air valve of the ventilation pipeline.

[0031] Preferably, the survival cabin includes a first housing, a second housing, and a support member. The second housing is nested inside the first housing, and a sandwich gap is formed between the second housing and the first housing. The support member is arranged in the sandwich gap and is fixedly connected to the first housing and the second housing at both ends respectively. The space inside the sandwich gap is air. Optionally, the first housing is a pressure-bearing layer, made of alloy steel with a pressure resistance ≥ 1.2 MPa to ensure that it can withstand a relatively high external pressure. The second housing is made of 304 stainless steel plate, taking advantage of its good corrosion resistance. The air sandwich formed between the first housing and the second housing can play a role in heat insulation and temperature preservation, effectively maintaining a stable temperature environment inside the survival cabin.

[0032] Further preferably, the support member can be selected as a T-shaped reinforcing rib, which is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the life-saving cabin. Through the arrangement of the reinforcing ribs, the life-saving cabin will not deform even when the external water pressure is high, greatly improving the external pressure resistance strength, enhancing the stability and reliability of the overall structure of the life-saving cabin, and better coping with harsh working conditions such as high-pressure water environments. Further preferably, observation windows are provided on the survival cabin and between the T-shaped reinforcing ribs, facilitating shelter-seeking personnel to observe the external environmental conditions during the shelter-seeking stage.

[0033] Further preferably, a heat-insulating layer is provided at the connection between the support member and the second shell, which blocks the cold bridge effect and prevents the surface temperature of the second shell from being lower than the dew point of the air in the cabin, thereby preventing the occurrence of condensation and ensuring the dryness and safety of the internal environment of the survival cabin. The heat-insulating layer can be made of rubber, plastic, or polyethylene. Other materials with good heat-insulating properties can also be selected according to actual needs and working conditions.

[0034] More preferably, a fan is provided on the second shell, and the airflow channel of the fan is connected to the interlayer gap. When the water temperature outside the cabin is high or the heat load inside the cabin is large, the fan is turned on to force convection of the air in the interlayer between the first shell and the second shell to discharge the heat inside the cabin, thereby ensuring that the temperature inside the cabin is controlled within the temperature range of the human comfort zone. This design adapts to the alternating high and low temperature environment through the synergistic effect of passive insulation (air interlayer insulation) and active heat dissipation (fan forced convection heat dissipation), effectively ensuring the thermal safety of the sheltered personnel.

[0035] Still more preferably, the area below the interlayer gap forms a water storage area, and the bottom area of ​​the second shell or the area of ​​the side wall near the bottom is provided with a through hole. The water storage area below the second shell of the survival cabin is used to temporarily store water that flows into the survival cabin after personnel enter the survival cabin through the transition cabin and the second protective door is opened. Specifically, through holes can be provided below both sides of the survival cabin, on the one hand, to allow the water flowing into the survival cabin to smoothly enter the water storage area below the second shell; on the other hand, during active temperature control, it serves as a return air outlet for the convection circulation of the interlayer air between the second shell and the first shell, further optimizing the environmental regulation function inside the survival cabin.

[0036] Preferably, the survival cabin is provided with an integrated air purification and dehumidification machine, including a water storage tank, a deflector, a purification module and a fan, and the components are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The purification module includes a frame, and a plurality of purification units arranged at intervals in the frame, and a gas flow channel is formed between adjacent purification units. The purification units are installed inside the frame in a vertically equidistant arrangement. Air circulation channels are left between the purification units so that the air can fully sweep and contact the purification units through the channel gaps, which can not only ensure efficient air purification and dehumidification effects, but also effectively reduce air flow resistance. The function of the deflector is to divert the water generated by the purification module to the water storage tank, and the fan is used to drive the airflow through the gas flow channel and finally discharge the purified air.

[0037] Further preferably, the purification module includes a dehumidification module, a CO2 purification module and a CO purification module which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction. The dehumidification module is arranged at the top, which is convenient for dehumidification and drainage, and can also provide protection for the CO module which is susceptible to water poisoning. In order to ensure that the performance of the purification module is not affected by environmental factors, the purification module is vacuum packed when placed daily.

[0038] Preferably, the air purifier and dehumidifier is located at the end of the bulkhead of the survival cabin away from the partition, and is centrally arranged along the longitudinal center axis of the cabin; the air purifier and dehumidifier is provided with a return air outlet at the bottom and an air supply outlet at the top; an environmental monitoring module and a battery pack are provided on one side of the air purifier and dehumidifier, and a locker is provided on the other side. Of course, it is conceivable that the positions of the environmental monitoring module, the battery pack, and the locker can be flexibly adjusted according to actual conditions to fully improve the space utilization of each system. The locker is filled with compressed biscuits, water, a medicine box, a resuscitator, a foldable toilet and other materials needed for survival, so as to meet the basic living and emergency needs of the people taking shelter in the survival cabin.

[0039] Preferably, a cable interface is provided on the cabin body of the survival capsule. For example, four cable interfaces are provided at the lower side of the tail of the survival capsule. A waterproof and pressure-resistant water depth sensor can be configured through the cable interface, through which the water pressure and submergence height outside the cabin can be obtained. An all-in-one detection device can be equipped through the cable interface, which is used for the transmission of cabin temperature and humidity, oxygen concentration, CO concentration, CO2 concentration monitoring signals, and video and voice signal transmission. Signal transmission can convert the signal signal into an optical signal through the photoelectric conversion device in the cabin, and transmit it to the outside of the cabin through a waterproof and pressure-resistant female connector. The outside of the cabin is equipped with a male connector. After the connector is docked, the signal is transmitted to the emergency command center. The location and survival status of the people in the lifeboat cabin can be intuitively seen through the escape system, providing decision-making assistance for emergency commanders. At the same time, these cable interfaces are also used for charging and discharging the battery pack in the cabin to ensure the stable operation of the power system in the survival capsule.

[0040] Preferably, the transition cabin and the survival cabin are detachably connected via a connection structure provided on the transition cabin. Specifically, the transition cabin and the survival cabin can be connected by an inner flange, and the flange connection surface is located on the side of the transition cabin. This detachable cabin body design, on the one hand, ensures the convenience of the movement and installation process; on the other hand, it can isolate the potential leakage point of the flange from the survival cabin, effectively ensuring the safety of the people taking shelter in the survival cabin.

[0041] Preferably, a signal light is provided on the top of the lifeboat, a water signal switch is provided on the bottom of the transition cabin, and the signal light is electrically connected to the water signal switch. When the water signal switch is submerged in water, the signal light flashes. When the escapees cannot evacuate safely, the flashing signal light guides the escapees to quickly escape to the lifeboat, providing them with clear direction instructions in a dangerous environment, thereby increasing the probability of successful escape.

[0042] Preferably, the bottom of the life-saving cabin is provided with a support connected to the ground, and lifting lugs are provided on the transition cabin and the survival cabin. By providing lifting lugs on the tops of the transition cabin and the survival cabin respectively, it is convenient for the movement and installation of the cabin body. A support is provided at the bottom of the life-saving cabin, and the support and the bottom surface can be connected by expansion bolts to prevent the life-saving cabin from tipping over under the action of buoyancy and water flow impact.

[0043] Due to the application of the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0044] 1. The cabin body adopts a cylindrical barrel and an oval head design, combined with a double-shell nested structure and T-shaped stiffening ribs for support, improving the pressure resistance strength and effectively coping with the harsh environment of the hydropower station flooding accident.

[0045] 2. Through the partition design of the transition cabin and the survival cabin, combined with the dynamic coordination of air pressure balance, gravity drainage, air exchange pipeline and make-up water pressure regulating valve, pressure balance and cabin space reset are realized, supporting multiple batches of personnel to cycle and take shelter, breaking through the limitation of the traditional life-saving cabin for single entry.

[0046] 3. The transition cabin is equipped with a double gas source of compressed air cylinders and oxygen cylinders, and the survival cabin integrates an air purification and dehumidification machine. Through the dehumidification, CO2 / CO purification module and forced convection fan, the air quality in the cabin is guaranteed; the compressed air supply and return air system and the liquid food supply interface ensure long-term survival even when external resources are interrupted.

[0047] 4. The cabin body is provided with a cable interface, supporting real-time transmission of data such as water pressure, temperature and humidity, and gas concentration inside and outside the cabin, and equipped with video and voice communication functions, providing decision-making support for emergency command.

[0048] 5. The gap between the double shells is combined with the insulation layer and the forced convection of the fan to realize the coordination of passive heat insulation and active heat dissipation; the functional modules (environment monitoring, battery, storage cabinet) in the survival cabin are intensively arranged, maximizing the space utilization rate and operation convenience.

[0049] 6. The flange is detachably connected to isolate the leakage risk, the signal lamp is linked with the water signal switch to guide the shelter path, and the design of the bottom support and the lifting lug takes into account both anti-overturning and convenient movement, fully adapting to the complex working conditions of the underground power house.

[0050] To make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specific preferred embodiments are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and are described in detail as follows. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0051] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0052] Figure 1 It is the overall schematic diagram of the life pod in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 2 It is the external schematic diagram of the survival pod in the first embodiment of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0054] Figure 3 It is the external schematic diagram of the survival pod in the first embodiment of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0055] Figure 4 It is the internal schematic diagram of the survival pod in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 5 It is the schematic diagram of the partition board in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 6 It is the front schematic diagram of the layout at the tail of the survival pod in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 7 It is the back schematic diagram of the layout at the tail of the survival pod in the first embodiment of the present invention.

[0059] Reference numerals in the above drawings: 1, cabin body; 101, transition cabin; 102, survival cabin; 2, partition board; 3, first cabin door; 4, second cabin door; 5, third cabin door; 6, support; 7, lifting lug; 8, signal lamp; 9, inner flange; 201, first water pipe; 202, first water valve; 203, water inlet; 301, air pipe; 302, first air valve; 401, make-up water and pressure equalizing valve; 501, second water pipe; 502, water outlet; 601, drain outlet; 701, air supply port; 702, air return port; 801, liquid food supply interface; 901, air bottle; 902, oxygen bottle; 903, manifold; 1101, air supply and return end control box for compressed air; 1102, liquid food end control box; 1103, compressed oxygen supply end control box; 1201, first housing; 1202, second housing; 1203, support member; 1204, fan; 1205, water storage area; 1206, through hole; 1301, environmental monitoring module; 1302, battery pack; 1303, air purification and dehumidification integrated machine; 1304, storage locker; 1305, return port; 1306, air supply port; 1307, cable interface; 1401, water storage tank; 1402, fairing; 1403, dehumidification module; 1404, CO2 purification module; 1405, CO purification module; 1406, fan. Detailed implementation manners

[0060] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0061] Embodiment 1: Refer to Figures 1 to 7 As shown in the figure, an underwater life-saving cabin for preventing waterlogging in a hydropower station and a pumped-storage power station includes a cabin body 1. The cabin body 1 is divided into a transition cabin 101 and a survival cabin 102 by a partition board 2. The transition cabin 101 is provided with a first cabin door 3 communicating with the inside and outside thereof. The partition board 2 is provided with a second cabin door 4 communicating the transition cabin 101 and the survival cabin 102. The top of the survival cabin 102 is provided with a third cabin door 5 communicating with the inside and outside thereof. A first drainage pipeline and an air exchange pipeline are provided in the life-saving cabin. The first drainage pipeline is used for the water in the transition cabin 101 to flow into the survival cabin 102. The air exchange pipeline is used for balancing the pressure between the transition cabin 101 and the survival cabin 102. A make-up water and pressure equalizing valve 401 is provided outside the transition cabin 101 for conveying external water into the transition cabin 101 to balance the water pressure inside and outside the transition cabin 101.

[0062] Refer to Figure 1As shown, in an alternative embodiment, the cabin 1 is designed with a cylindrical barrel and an elliptical head. The interior of the cabin 1 is divided into a transition cabin 101 and a survival cabin 102 by a vertically arranged partition 2. The partition 2 is a flat plate, and reinforcing ribs are provided on the flat plate. A support 6 connected to the ground is provided at the bottom of the survival cabin, and the support 6 is connected to the ground by expansion bolts to prevent the survival cabin from tipping over under the action of buoyancy and water flow impact. Lifting lugs 7 are provided on the transition cabin 101 and the survival cabin 102 to facilitate the movement and installation of the cabin 1.

[0063] In an alternative embodiment, a signal lamp 8 is provided at the top of the survival cabin, and a water signal switch is provided at the bottom of the transition cabin 101. The signal lamp 8 is electrically connected to the water signal switch. When the water signal switch is submerged in water, the signal lamp 8 flashes. When the escape personnel cannot evacuate safely, the flashing signal lamp 8 guides the refuge-seeking personnel to quickly flee to the survival cabin, providing them with a clear direction indication in a dangerous environment and increasing the probability of successful refuge.

[0064] See Figure 2 , 3 As shown, in an alternative embodiment, the transition cabin 101 and the survival cabin 102 are connected by an internal flange 9, and the flange connection surface is located on the side of the transition cabin 101. This connection method ensures the convenience of the movement and installation process on the one hand; on the other hand, it can isolate the potential leakage points of the flange from the survival cabin 102, effectively guaranteeing the safety of the refuge-seeking personnel in the survival cabin 102.

[0065] In an alternative embodiment, the first hatch 3 is a circular waterproof and pressure-resistant door that opens outwards, and the second hatch 4 is a square waterproof and pressure-resistant door that opens towards the transition cabin 101. The third hatch 5 is a circular pressure-resistant hatch that opens outwards. The third hatch 5 can be used for emergency escape, and the personnel in the survival cabin 102 can evacuate in batches through the third hatch 5 at the top.

[0066] See Figures 2 to 4As shown in the figure, the first drainage pipeline includes a first water pipe 201 connecting the transition cabin 101 and the survival cabin 102, and a first water valve 202 provided on the first water pipe 201 and located in the transition cabin 101. The ventilation pipeline includes an air pipe 301 connecting the transition cabin 101 and the survival cabin 102, and a first air valve 302 provided on the air pipe 301 and located in the transition cabin 101. When the first hatch 3 is in the closed state, by opening the first water valve 202 and the first air valve 302 on the side of the transition cabin 101, the water in the transition cabin 101 flows through the first water pipe 201 to the survival cabin 102. When the transition cabin 101 is drained, the air pressure in the survival cabin 102 increases due to the rising water level, and the high-pressure gas naturally flows back to the transition cabin 101 through the air pipe 301, gradually making the air pressures on both sides balanced, ensuring that the second hatch 4 can be smoothly opened after drainage, and the first batch of personnel can enter the survival cabin 102.

[0067] In an alternative embodiment, the water inlet 203 of the first water pipe 201 is located below the second hatch 4, so that the water in the transition cabin 101 flows into the survival cabin 102 through the first water pipe 201 under the action of pressure and gravity. When the water level in the transition cabin 101 is higher than that in the survival cabin 102, the water automatically flows into the survival cabin 102 through the first water pipe 201 under the drive of gravity, reducing the dependence on the water pump and lowering the energy consumption.

[0068] See Figure 1 As shown in the figure, in an alternative embodiment, there are two make-up water and pressure equalizing valves 401, which are respectively provided on both sides of the first hatch 3. By arranging multiple make-up water and pressure equalizing valves 401, the make-up water speed is increased, and thus the speed of entering the cabin is increased. The make-up water and pressure equalizing valves 401 are normally closed in the normal state. When the second batch and subsequent personnel need to enter the transition cabin 101, if the first hatch 3 of the transition cabin 101 cannot be opened due to the difference in air pressure inside and outside the cabin at this time, the refuge personnel can manually open the make-up water and pressure equalizing valves 401. At this time, under the drive of the water pressure difference, water will be quickly injected into the transition cabin 101, thereby achieving the balance of the internal and external water pressures and meeting the opening conditions of the transition cabin hatch for the refuge personnel.

[0069] See Figures 2 to 4As shown, in an optional embodiment, a second drainage pipeline is further included. The second drainage pipeline includes a second water pipe 501 connecting the survival cabin 102 and the transition cabin 101. The second water pipe 501 forms a water outlet 502 under the second hatch 4, and a first water pump is provided on the second water pipe 501 and located inside the survival cabin 102. When the first water pump operates, the accumulated water in the survival cabin 102 can be actively pumped back to the transition cabin 101 through the second water pipe 501, quickly emptying the accumulated water in the survival cabin 102 to maintain the available space and creating conditions for the subsequent batches of personnel to enter the cabin. By draining water to the transition cabin 101 and cooperating with the make-up water pressure regulating valve 401 to dynamically adjust the pressure difference inside and outside the transition cabin 101, pressure balance conditions are created for the second batch of personnel to enter the cabin. When the second batch of personnel need to enter the transition cabin 101, the water injected back into the transition cabin 101 and the water input into the transition cabin 101 through the make-up water pressure regulating valve 401 jointly regulate the pressure, shortening the balancing time and thus accelerating the subsequent cabin entry process. The first water pump is fixedly installed in the dry area inside the survival cabin 102, avoiding the erosion risk of the equipment in the waterlogged environment of the transition cabin 101 and ensuring the operation reliability under emergency conditions.

[0070] In an optional embodiment, a third drainage pipeline is further included. The third drainage pipeline includes a drainage port 601 provided in the bottom area of the survival cabin 102, a third water pipe connected to the drainage port 601, and a second water pump provided on the third water pipe. The second water pump is fixed in the dry area inside the survival cabin 102 and is used to pump the residual accumulated water in the survival cabin 102 or the transition cabin 101 to the outside through the third water pipe. A detachable protective net is provided at the drainage port 601 of the third water pipe to intercept sundries and prevent blockage, ensuring the use reliability.

[0071] The life-saving cabin further includes a compressed air supply and return air system. The compressed air supply and return air system includes: a supply air pipe, one end of which extends to the high altitude outside, and the other end forms a supply air port 701 above the side of the survival cabin 102 for inputting external gas into the survival cabin 102; a return air pipe, one end of which extends to the high altitude outside, and the other end forms a return air port 702 above the side of the survival cabin 102. A third air valve is provided on the return air pipe for discharging the gas inside the survival cabin 102 to the outside. Through the supply air pipe and the return air pipe extending to the high altitude outside, the air circulation inside the cabin is ensured to meet the survival needs of personnel taking shelter. The return air volume in the return air pipe is the same as the supply air volume in the supply air pipe, ensuring that the pressure inside the survival cabin 102 is always in the normal pressure state.

[0072] In an alternative embodiment, the life-saving capsule further includes a liquid food supply system, which includes a liquid food pipe. One end of the liquid food pipe extends to the external liquid food supply end, and the other end forms a liquid food supply interface 801 above the side of the survival capsule 102. When the external liquid food pipeline is intact, liquid food or drinking water is conveyed into the capsule by opening the control valve to ensure the basic survival needs of the refuge-seeking personnel.

[0073] In an alternative embodiment, an air cylinder 901 and an oxygen cylinder 902 are provided in the transition capsule 101. The outlet of the air cylinder 901 is connected to the survival capsule 102 through a manifold 903 for conveying compressed air to the survival capsule 102. The number of the air cylinders 901 is determined by the net volume of the transition capsule 101 and is used to maintain the pressure balance in the capsule when the life-saving capsule drains water outwards. The outlet of the oxygen cylinder 902 is connected to the survival capsule 102 through a manifold 903 for conveying oxygen to the survival capsule 102. Multiple oxygen cylinders 902 can be selected as the oxygen storage device. The number of the oxygen cylinders 902 is determined according to the rated protection number and time of the life-saving capsule. A pressure reducing valve is provided on the manifold 903 for adjusting the pressure ranges of the compressed air and the compressed oxygen. When the compressed air supply and return air system cannot be used normally, oxygen required for the survival of the refuge-seeking personnel is supplied.

[0074] See Figure 5 As shown, on both sides of the survival capsule 102 near the second hatch 4, there are provided a compressed air supply and return air end control box 1101, a liquid food end control box 1102, a compressed oxygen supply end control box 1103, an external drainage control box, an internal drainage control box, and an internal ventilation control box, which facilitate necessary survival guarantee operations when personnel enter the survival capsule 102 for refuge. The compressed air supply and return air end control box 1101 is used to control the second air valve and the third air valve of the compressed air supply and return air system. When the oxygen in the survival capsule 102 is insufficient, the second air valve and the third air valve can be quickly opened, and oxygen is conveyed into the survival capsule 102 through the air supply pipe and the return air pipe leading to a high altitude outside the workshop. The liquid food end control box 1102 is used to control the control valve of the liquid food supply system. By opening the control valve, liquid food is conveyed into the survival capsule 102 through the liquid food pipe leading to the outside. Through the external oxygen and liquid food, theoretically, the personnel can survive indefinitely in the capsule. The compressed oxygen supply end control box 1103 is used to control the opening and closing of the compressed air storage device and the oxygen storage device in the transition capsule 101. The external drainage control box is used to control the opening and closing of the second water pump of the third drainage pipeline. The internal drainage control box is used to control the opening and closing of the first water pump of the second drainage pipeline. The internal ventilation control box is used to control the opening and closing of the air valve of the ventilation pipeline.

[0075] See Figure 4As shown, the survival capsule 102 includes a first housing 1201, a second housing 1202, and a support member 1203. The second housing 1202 is nested within the first housing 1201, and an interlayer gap is formed between the second housing 1202 and the first housing 1201. The support member 1203 is disposed within the interlayer gap and is fixedly connected to the first housing 1201 and the second housing 1202 at both ends. The interlayer gap is filled with air.

[0076] In an alternative embodiment, the first housing 1201 is a pressure-bearing layer made of alloy steel with a pressure resistance of ≥ 1.2 MPa to ensure that it can withstand high external pressure. The second housing 1202 is made of 304 stainless steel plate, taking advantage of its good corrosion resistance. The air interlayer formed between the first housing 1201 and the second housing 1202 can play a role in heat insulation and keep warm, effectively maintaining a stable temperature environment inside the survival capsule 102.

[0077] In an alternative embodiment, the support member 1203 is a T-shaped reinforcing rib, which is arranged at intervals along the length direction of the life-saving capsule. The setting of the reinforcing rib can prevent the life-saving capsule from deforming even when the external water pressure is high, greatly improving the external pressure resistance strength, enhancing the stability and reliability of the overall structure of the life-saving capsule, and better coping with harsh working conditions such as high-pressure water environments. An observation window is provided on the survival capsule 102 and located between the T-shaped reinforcing ribs, facilitating the refuge personnel to observe the external environmental conditions during the refuge stage.

[0078] In an alternative embodiment, a heat-insulating layer is provided at the connection between the support member 1203 and the second housing 1202. By blocking the cold bridge effect, it is avoided that the surface temperature of the second housing 1202 is lower than the dew point of the air inside the capsule, thereby preventing the occurrence of condensation phenomena and ensuring the dryness and safety of the internal environment of the survival capsule 102.

[0079] In an alternative embodiment, a fan 1204 is provided on the second housing 1202, and the air flow channel of the fan 1204 is communicated with the interlayer gap. When the water temperature outside the capsule is relatively high or the heat load inside the capsule is relatively large, the fan 1204 is turned on, promoting forced convection of the air in the interlayer between the first housing 1201 and the second housing 1202, and discharging the heat inside the capsule, so as to ensure that the temperature inside the capsule is controlled within the temperature range of the human comfort zone. This design combines passive heat insulation (air interlayer heat insulation and heat preservation) with active heat dissipation (fan forced convection heat dissipation) to adapt to high and low temperature alternating environments, effectively guaranteeing the thermal safety of the refuge personnel.

[0080] In an optional embodiment, a water storage area 1205 is formed in the area below the interlayer gap, and through holes 1206 are provided in the area of the side wall of the second housing 1202 near the bottom. The water storage area 1205 below the second housing 1202 of the survival capsule 102 is used for temporarily storing the water that flows into the survival capsule 102 after the personnel enter the survival capsule 102 through the transition capsule 101 and the second protective door is opened. The through holes 1206 are used, on the one hand, to enable the water flowing into the survival capsule 102 to smoothly enter the water storage area 1205 below the second housing 1202; on the other hand, during active temperature control, as the return air outlet for the convective circulation of the interlayer air between the second housing 1202 and the first housing 1201, it further optimizes the environmental regulation function inside the survival capsule 102.

[0081] See Figure 6 As shown, in an optional embodiment, an environmental monitoring module 1301, a battery pack 1302, an air purification and dehumidification integrated machine 1303, and a storage locker 1304 are arranged at the tail of the survival capsule 102. The air purification and dehumidification integrated machine 1303 is arranged at the center position at the tail of the survival capsule 102. A return port 1305 is provided at the bottom of the air purification and dehumidification integrated machine 1303, and an air supply port 1306 is provided at the top. An environmental monitoring module 1301 and a battery pack 1302 are arranged on one side of the air purification and dehumidification integrated machine 1303, and a storage locker 1304 is arranged on the other side. Compressed biscuits, water, medical kits, resuscitators, foldable toilets and other materials required for survival during emergencies are placed in the storage locker 1304 to meet the basic living and emergency needs of the emergency personnel in the survival capsule 102.

[0082] See Figure 7 As shown, in an optional embodiment, the air purification and dehumidification integrated machine 1303 includes a water storage tank 1401, a diversion cover 1402, a purification module and a fan 1406, and the components are arranged in sequence from bottom to top. The purification module includes a frame and a plurality of purification units arranged at intervals within the frame, and a gas flow channel is formed between adjacent purification units. The purification units are installed inside the frame in a vertically equidistant arrangement. An air circulation channel is left between the purification units, enabling air to fully sweep and contact the purification units through the channel gaps, which can not only ensure efficient air purification and dehumidification effects but also effectively reduce the air flow resistance. The diversion cover 1402 is used to divert the water generated by the purification module to the water storage tank 1401, and the fan is used to drive the air flow through the gas flow channel and finally discharge the purified air.

[0083] The purification module includes a dehumidification module 1403, a CO2 purification module 1404 and a CO purification module 1405 which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in the vertical direction. The dehumidification module is arranged at the top, which is convenient for dehumidification and drainage, and can also provide protection for the CO module which is susceptible to water poisoning. In order to ensure that the performance of the purification module is not affected by environmental factors, the purification module is vacuum packed when placed daily.

[0084] In an optional embodiment, four cable interfaces 1307 are provided on the cabin body 1 of the survival cabin 102. A waterproof and pressure-resistant water depth sensor is configured through the cable interface 1307, through which the water pressure and submergence height outside the cabin can be obtained. An all-in-one detection device is equipped through the cable interface 1307, which is used for the transmission of monitoring signals for temperature and humidity, oxygen concentration, CO concentration, and CO2 concentration in the cabin, and for the transmission of video and voice signals. The signal transmission can convert the signal signal into an optical signal through the photoelectric conversion device in the cabin, and transmit it to the outside of the cabin through a waterproof and pressure-resistant female connector. The outside of the cabin is equipped with a male connector. After the connector is docked, the signal is transmitted to the emergency command center. The location and survival status of the people in the lifeboat cabin can be intuitively seen through the escape system, providing decision-making assistance for emergency command personnel. At the same time, these cable interfaces 1307 are also used for charging and discharging the battery pack 1302 in the cabin to ensure the stable operation of the power system in the survival cabin 102.

[0085] The present invention uses specific embodiments to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of the present invention. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method of the present invention and its core idea. At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the idea of ​​the present invention, there will be changes in the specific implementation methods and application scope. In summary, the content of this specification should not be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

Claims

1. An underwater lifeboat for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station, characterized in that: include: A cabin body, wherein a transition cabin and a survival cabin are arranged in the cabin body, the transition cabin and the survival cabin are separated by a partition, the transition cabin is provided with a first door connecting the inside and the outside, and the partition is provided with a second door connecting the transition cabin and the survival cabin; A first drainage pipeline includes a first water pipe connecting the transition chamber and the survival chamber, and a first water valve provided on the first water pipe and located in the transition chamber; A ventilation pipeline, comprising an air pipe connecting the transition cabin and the survival cabin, and a first air valve provided on the air pipe and located in the transition cabin; The water replenishment and pressure relief valve is arranged outside the transition tank and can transport external water into the transition tank.

2. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water inlet of the first water pipe is located in the lower area of ​​the transition cabin, so that the water in the transition cabin flows into the survival cabin through the first water pipe under the action of pressure and gravity.

3. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second drainage pipeline, which includes a second water pipe connecting the survival chamber and the transition chamber, and a first water pump arranged on the second water pipe and located in the survival chamber.

4. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a third drainage pipeline, which includes a drainage port arranged in the bottom area of ​​the survival cabin, a third water pipe connected to the drainage port, and a second water pump arranged on the third water pipe.

5. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A third hatch connecting the inside and outside of the survival capsule is provided on the top of the survival capsule.

6. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a compressed air supply and return air system, the compressed air supply and return air system includes: An air supply pipe, one end of which extends to the outside sky, and the other end of which is connected to the survival cabin, and a second air valve is provided on the air supply pipe for inputting external air into the survival cabin; The return air duct has one end extending to the outside sky and the other end connected to the survival cabin. The return air duct is provided with a third air valve for discharging the gas in the survival cabin to the outside.

7. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a liquid food supply system, which includes a liquid food pipe, one end of which extends to an external liquid food supply end, and the other end is connected to the survival cabin, and a control valve is provided on the liquid food pipe.

8. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition cabin is provided with: A compressed air storage device, the outlet of which is connected to the survival cabin through an air supply pipe, for delivering compressed air to the survival cabin; An oxygen storage device, whose outlet is connected to the survival cabin through an air supply pipe, is used to transport oxygen to the survival cabin.

9. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The survival capsule comprises: a first shell; a second shell, wherein the second shell is nested in the first shell, and a sandwich gap is formed between the second shell and the first shell; A support member is disposed in the interlayer gap and has two ends fixedly connected to the first shell and the second shell respectively.

10. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 9, characterized in that: A heat-insulating layer is provided at the connection between the support member and the second shell.

11. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 9, characterized in that: The second shell is provided with a fan, and the air flow channel of the fan is communicated with the interlayer gap.

12. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 9, characterized in that: The area below the interlayer gap forms a water storage area, and the bottom area of ​​the second shell or the area of ​​the side wall close to the bottom is provided with a through hole.

13. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The survival cabin is provided with an air purification and dehumidification integrated machine, which includes a water storage tank, a deflector, a purification module and a fan, which are arranged in sequence from bottom to top; The purification module includes a frame, and a plurality of purification units arranged at intervals within the frame, and a gas flow channel is formed between adjacent purification units; The deflector is used to guide the water generated by the purification module to the water storage tank, and the fan is used to drive the air flow through the gas flow channel and discharge the purified air.

14. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 13, characterized in that: The purification module comprises a dehumidification module, a CO2 purification module and a CO purification module which are arranged in sequence from top to bottom in a vertical direction.

15. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 13, characterized in that: The air purifier and dehumidifier is located at the end of the wall of the survival cabin away from the partition, and is centered along the longitudinal center axis of the cabin; the air purifier and dehumidifier is provided with a return air outlet at the bottom and an air supply outlet at the top; environmental monitoring modules, battery packs and storage cabinets are provided on both sides of the air purifier and dehumidifier.

16. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cable interface is provided on the cabin body of the survival cabin, and the cable interface is used for monitoring the water pressure and water temperature outside the cabin, transmitting the temperature and humidity, oxygen concentration, CO concentration, and CO2 concentration monitoring signals inside the cabin, transmitting video and voice signals, and charging and discharging the battery pack inside the cabin.

17. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transition cabin and the survival cabin are detachably connected via a connecting structure arranged on the transition cabin.

18. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A signal light is arranged on the top of the lifeboat, a water signal switch is arranged on the bottom of the transition cabin, and the signal light is electrically connected to the water signal switch.

19. The underwater rescue capsule for preventing flooding in a hydropower station or a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support connected to the ground is provided at the bottom of the lifeboat, and lifting ears are provided on the transition cabin and the survival cabin.

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