Building vibration real-time monitoring and early warning method based on communication optical fiber

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of communication early warning, in particular to a building vibration real-time monitoring and early warning method based on a communication optical fiber, and the method comprises the steps: selecting the communication optical fiber, knocking a building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collecting a vibration signal generated by the knocking of each branch point, and carrying out the early warning of the building vibration. Recording the vibration time and the vibration place of each branch point, and establishing a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signals and the vibration places through time synchronization and feature comparison of the optical fiber signals and the vibration signals; correcting the initial calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration place through delay attenuation hybrid positioning, and confirming the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration place; and monitoring optical fiber signals in the building in real time, analyzing whether the optical fiber signals are abnormal optical fiber signals or not, positioning the vibration place corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signals based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signals and the vibration place, and performing early warning. According to the invention, possible illegal decoration behaviors can be identified in time, so that potential safety hazards of buildings can be effectively prevented.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of communication warning technologies, and particularly to a method for real-time monitoring and warning of building vibrations based on communication optical fibers. Background Art

[0002] With the development of communication technologies and construction projects, most modern buildings have widely laid communication optical fiber networks, where the communication optical fibers are mainly for meeting data transmission requirements. In such buildings, structural safety is of crucial importance. The structural safety of a building not only relates to the overall stability of the building but also directly affects the daily lives of residents.

[0003] However, illegal decoration behaviors in the above-mentioned buildings occur from time to time, such as demolishing load-bearing walls, enlarging openings, or carrying out other destructive construction works. Such illegal decoration behaviors may seriously affect the structural safety of the building and thus trigger safety accidents. Currently, it is usually after the illegal decoration is completed or potential safety hazards have occurred that problems are discovered by relying on manual inspections or post-event analyses, which belongs to a post-event response method and is difficult to prevent building safety risks in a timely manner. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides a method for real-time monitoring and warning of building vibrations based on communication optical fibers, which can monitor abnormal optical fiber signals occurring in a building in real time, trigger a warning by locating the position of the abnormal vibration source, and timely identify possible illegal decoration behaviors, thereby effectively preventing building safety hazards. This application provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a method for real-time monitoring and warning of building vibrations based on communication optical fibers, and the method includes:

[0006] Select a communication optical fiber in the building, and set a laser and a receiving module on the communication optical fiber. The laser and the receiving module cooperate to collect optical fiber signals.

[0007] Tap the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collect the vibration signals generated by tapping at each branch point, and record the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point, where the vibration signals of each branch point are different.

[0008] Establish a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through time synchronization and feature comparison of the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal.

[0009] Correct the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through delay attenuation hybrid positioning to confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location.

[0010] Monitor the optical fiber signals in the building in real time and analyze whether they are abnormal optical fiber signals. If an abnormal optical fiber signal appears, locate the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location and issue a warning.

[0011] In a specific feasible implementation, the selection of communication optical fibers in the building includes:

[0012] Select the communication optical fiber with the largest coverage in the building as the monitoring backbone optical fiber.

[0013] In a specific feasible implementation, the steps of knocking on the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collecting the vibration signals generated by knocking at each branch point, and recording the vibration time and vibration location at each branch point include:

[0014] For each branch point position of the communication optical fiber, by adjusting the knocking intensity and knocking frequency at each branch point, make the vibration signals generated by knocking at each branch point position have differences in physical characteristics;

[0015] Knock on the building in sequence at each branch point position of the selected communication optical fiber, and collect the vibration signals generated by knocking through an acceleration sensor;

[0016] Combined with the networking function and the time synchronization module, record the vibration time and vibration location each time in real time, and transmit the time synchronization information to the receiving module.

[0017] In a specific feasible implementation, the establishment of a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through time synchronization and feature comparison of the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal includes:

[0018] When knocking on the selected communication optical fiber, the receiving module synchronously collects the optical fiber signals generated by vibration in the communication optical fiber;

[0019] Confirm the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal generated at the same time through the time synchronization information, and compare whether the signal characteristics of the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal generated at the same time are consistent;

[0020] If the signal characteristics of the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal are consistent, establish a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location recorded by the vibration signal.

[0021] In a specific feasible implementation, the correction of the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through delay attenuation hybrid positioning to confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location includes:

[0022] Calculate the round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse within the time window when each knock or excitation occurs;

[0023] Combining the time delay and attenuation information, calculate the positioning distance x as follows:

[0024]

[0025] v g = c / n

[0026] where v g is the group velocity in the optical fiber, obtained by dividing the speed of light in vacuum c by the refractive index n of the optical fiber; k is the attenuation correction coefficient obtained through on-site calibration; A0 is the standard peak value during calibration, and A is the real-time peak value during operation;

[0027] Calculate the positioning error δ i as follows:

[0028] δ i = |x - L i |

[0029] where L i is the axial distance of the branch point i on the optical fiber. Compare the calculated positioning error δ i with the preset error. If the positioning error δ i is less than or equal to the preset error, then confirm that the optical fiber signal corresponds to the branch point i; if the positioning error δ i is greater than the preset error, then re-confirm the corresponding branch point j of the optical fiber signal according to the maximum likelihood method as follows:

[0030] j = argmin k δ k

[0031] Among the error values δ k corresponding to all branch points k, select the number j of the branch point with the minimum error, and consider that the position corresponding to this number best conforms to the current hybrid positioning result.

[0032] In a specific feasible implementation, the round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse within the time window when each tapping or excitation occurs includes:

[0033] The round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse is calculated using the cross-correlation function as follows:

[0034]

[0035] where S(t) is the scattered signal collected by the receiving module within the time window [T0, T1], R(t) is the reference pulse injected by the laser during the excitation stage, and τ is the time offset.

[0036] In a specific feasible implementation, the method for real-time monitoring of optical fiber signals in a building and analyzing whether they are abnormal optical fiber signals. If an abnormal optical fiber signal appears, locating the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location and giving an early warning includes:

[0037] Extract the features of the optical fiber signals collected in real time, compare the extracted features with the features of normal vibration signals, and identify whether there is abnormal vibration by whether the difference in signal features exceeds a preset threshold. If it is identified that there is abnormal vibration, it is determined that an abnormal optical fiber signal appears;

[0038] Through the established final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location, associate with the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal, and locate the position of the abnormal vibration source;

[0039] Automatically trigger an alarm and send the position of the abnormal vibration source and the analysis result of the abnormal optical fiber signal to the management department for processing and intervention through the networking module.

[0040] In a second aspect, the present application provides a real-time monitoring and early warning system for building vibration based on communication optical fibers, adopting the following technical solutions:

[0041] A real-time monitoring and early warning system for building vibration based on communication optical fibers, comprising:

[0042] A communication optical fiber layout module, configured to select a communication optical fiber in a building, and set a laser and a receiving module on the communication optical fiber. The laser and the receiving module cooperate to collect optical fiber signals;

[0043] A vibration signal generation module, configured to knock on the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collect the vibration signals generated by knocking at each branch point, and record the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point, where the vibration signals of each branch point are different;

[0044] A calibration relationship establishment module, configured to establish a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through time synchronization and feature comparison between the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal;

[0045] A calibration relationship correction module, configured to correct the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through delayed attenuation hybrid positioning to confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location;

[0046] A real-time monitoring and early warning module, configured to real-time monitor the optical fiber signals in a building and analyze whether they are abnormal optical fiber signals. If an abnormal optical fiber signal appears, locate the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location and give an early warning.

[0047] In a third aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, which includes a processor and a memory; a program is stored in the memory, and the program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement a method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fibers as described in the first aspect.

[0048] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, it is used to implement a method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fibers as described in the first aspect.

[0049] In summary, the beneficial effects of the present application at least include:

[0050] 1) The present application utilizes the existing communication optical fiber network in the building without laying additional sensing optical fibers, thus significantly reducing the construction cost of the system. As an infrastructure, the communication optical fiber itself has covered all areas of the building. By converting it into a medium for vibration monitoring, the system maximizes the utilization efficiency of existing resources and avoids unnecessary hardware investment.

[0051] 2) By setting a receiving module in the communication optical fiber in the building and combining with a calibration method, the system can establish a high-precision correspondence between the vibration signal and the building space position. Each vibration point corresponds to a unique optical fiber signal feature. When the system detects an abnormal signal, it can accurately locate the specific vibration source position, thereby quickly identifying potential illegal decoration behaviors and improving the accuracy and response speed of abnormal event detection.

[0052] 3) During the implementation of the system, there is no need to carry out large-scale renovation or excavation of the building. Only a small number of devices need to be installed on the existing communication optical fiber. The setting process of devices such as lasers and receiving modules is simple and fast, with strong adaptability. It can easily combine with the existing building structure, reduce the interference to residents or the daily operation of the building, and avoid the high cost and complex construction problems that may be brought by traditional monitoring systems.

[0053] Based on the existing communication optical fiber network, after installing a laser and a receiving module on a pre-selected communication optical fiber, and tapping on the communication optical fiber, various vibration signals generated by tapping at each branch point on the communication optical fiber are collected, and the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point are recorded. Subsequently, through time synchronization and feature comparison between the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal, a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location is established. Then, the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location is corrected through delayed attenuation hybrid positioning. By double comparison with the preliminary calibration position and using the principle of minimum error, false alarms caused by misregistration and noise interference can be effectively reduced. Finally, it is monitored in real time whether there is an abnormal optical fiber signal in the building. If an abnormal optical fiber signal appears, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is located based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location. Compared with the prior art's ex post response to building illegal decoration behaviors, it can monitor the abnormal optical fiber signals that appear in the building in real time, and by locating the position of the abnormal vibration source and triggering an early warning, it can timely identify possible illegal decoration behaviors, thereby effectively preventing building safety hazards.

[0054] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of this application. In order to be able to more clearly understand the technical means of this application and can be implemented in accordance with the content of the description, the following takes the preferred embodiments of this application and combines with the drawings to elaborate in detail as follows. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0055] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber in an embodiment of this application.

[0056] Figure 2 is a structural block diagram of a system for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber in an embodiment of this application.

[0057] Figure 3 is a block diagram of an electronic device for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Embodiment

[0058] The following combines the drawings and embodiments to further describe in detail the specific implementation manners of this application. The following embodiments are used to illustrate this application, but do not limit the scope of this application.

[0059] Optionally, this application takes the method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber provided in each embodiment as an example for illustration in an electronic device. The electronic device is a terminal or a server. The terminal can be a mobile phone, a computer, a tablet computer, etc. The type of the electronic device is not limited in this embodiment.

[0060] Refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic flowchart of a method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber provided by an embodiment of the present application. The method at least includes the following steps:

[0061] Step S101: Select a communication optical fiber in the building, and set a laser and a receiving module on the communication optical fiber. The laser and the receiving module cooperate to collect optical fiber signals.

[0062] In implementation, first, select the communication optical fiber with the largest coverage area in the building as the monitoring backbone optical fiber, so as to ensure to a certain extent that the communication optical fiber can monitor the vibration signals that may exist in the building to the greatest extent. Subsequently, install the laser and the receiving module at one end of the selected communication optical fiber. The laser injects a high-intensity and narrow-bandwidth optical signal into the communication optical fiber as the excitation source of the optical fiber signal. When the optical signal propagates in the communication optical fiber, due to the influence of external vibration or strain and other factors, it will cause changes in the microscopic structure of the optical fiber, and phenomena such as Rayleigh scattering and Brillouin scattering will occur in the optical fiber. The scattered optical signal contains the information of the physical quantity change received by the communication optical fiber and returns to the receiving module installed at the same end of the communication optical fiber through the optical fiber. The receiving module captures the returned scattered optical signal and converts it into an electrical signal, and the electrical signal is the optical fiber signal. The change of the optical fiber signal reflects the change of the external physical quantity distributed along the communication optical fiber, such as the amplitude and frequency of vibration. Subsequently, through the signal processing unit using time-domain reflectometry or frequency-domain analysis methods, the intensity, frequency or phase characteristics of the optical fiber signal can be analyzed, so as to extract the information related to vibration, and finally realize the collection of the optical fiber signal and the acquisition of vibration characteristics.

[0063] Optionally, the receiving module in the present application is a high-sensitivity optical detector.

[0064] Step S102: Tap the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collect the vibration signals generated by tapping at each branch point, and record the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point. The vibration signals of each branch point are different.

[0065] In implementation, the operator uses a handheld vibration excitation device to tap the wall or floor of the building at the position of each branch point of the selected communication optical fiber in turn, and collects the vibration signals generated by the tapping through an acceleration sensor, and at the same time needs to ensure that the vibration signals generated by each branch point are different.

[0066] Specifically, for each branch point of the communication optical fiber, a pre-planned knocking scheme is designed. By adjusting the knocking intensity and knocking frequency of each branch point, the vibration signals generated by knocking at each branch point position are different in physical characteristics, such as signal frequency, waveform or amplitude. At the same time, combined with the networking function and the high-precision time synchronization module, the vibration time and vibration location are recorded in real time, and the time synchronization information is transmitted to the receiving module.

[0067] Optionally, the branch points of the communication optical fiber in this application are allocated in units of households in the building, that is, each branch point of the communication optical fiber represents a household in the building.

[0068] Step S103: Establish a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through time synchronization and feature comparison of the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal.

[0069] In step S103, when the operator knocks on the selected communication optical fiber, the receiving module synchronously collects the optical fiber signal generated by vibration in the communication optical fiber, confirms the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal generated in the same time window through the time synchronization information, and compares whether the signal characteristics of the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal generated in the same time window are consistent, such as whether the signal frequency, waveform and amplitude are the same. If the signal characteristics of the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal are consistent, since the vibration location corresponding to the vibration signal has been recorded before, the calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location corresponding to the vibration signal is established. Through the above operations, the preliminary calibration relationship between all optical fiber signals and vibration locations is finally established.

[0070] It should be noted that one optical fiber signal can correspond to one vibration location because each optical fiber branch point has a unique position in the building. By knocking on the building at each branch point to generate a vibration signal, the vibration will cause changes in the microscopic structure of the optical fiber, thereby triggering a specific scattering phenomenon in the optical fiber. Due to the different physical positions of the optical fiber branch points, the generated vibration signals are different in characteristics (such as frequency, amplitude and waveform). Therefore, through time synchronization and comparison of the characteristics of the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal, a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the specific vibration location can be established, so as to achieve accurate vibration source positioning.

[0071] Step S104: Calibrate the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through delayed attenuation hybrid positioning to confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location.

[0072] In step S104, after the preliminary calibration is completed, the time window [T0, T1] when each tapping or excitation occurs is known, that is, the start and end times recorded by the high-precision time synchronization module. For example, when the operator taps at a certain optical fiber branch point, the high-precision time synchronization module records the start time and end time of this event. Then, within the time window [T0, T1], the scattered signal collected by the receiving module and the reference pulse injected by the laser during the excitation stage are extracted, and the round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse is calculated using the cross-correlation function as follows:

[0073]

[0074] Among them, S(t) is the scattered signal collected by the receiving module within the time window [T0, T1], R(t) is the reference pulse injected by the laser during the excitation stage, τ is the time offset. The above formula is to slide the reference pulse R(t) backward or forward on the time axis to see which alignment mode results in the maximum product integral with the scattered signal S(t) within the same time window. Finally, the time offset τ that maximizes the above integral value is found, which exactly corresponds to the round-trip time delay between the emission of the excitation light and the best match of the scattered signal. Since all data are recorded under the same time reference, the physical meaning of the round-trip delay Δt is the total time for light to travel from the injection point to the scattering point and then back to the detector.

[0075] After calculating the round-trip delay Δt, envelope detection is performed on the scattered signal S(t) collected by the receiving module. Specifically, after taking the absolute value and performing low-pass filtering, the envelope curve E(t) is obtained, and the maximum value of the envelope curve within the time window [T0, T1] is taken to obtain the current amplitude A. At the same time, during the preliminary calibration stage, a standard excitation with a unified energy is applied to each branch point (for example, using a handheld impactor of the same size and method to strike), and the scattered signal is collected by the receiving module within the time window of this known excitation; after envelope processing of this signal, its peak value is taken to obtain the reference amplitude A0 of this branch point. A0 is a reference value measured under controllable and repeatable standard conditions. During subsequent real-time operation, whenever a new scattered signal envelope peak value A is collected, A can be compared with the previously recorded A0. A0 is the standard peak value during calibration, while A is the real-time peak value during operation, and the two are not the same. Therefore, attenuation correction can be performed according to their ratio.

[0076] Subsequently, combining the time delay and attenuation information, the positioning distance x is calculated as follows:

[0077]

[0078] Among them, v g is the group velocity in the optical fiber, which is obtained by dividing the speed of light c in vacuum by the refractive index n of the optical fiber; k is the attenuation correction coefficient obtained through on-site calibration, It is the traditional time-delay positioning, which is equal to the round-trip distance of light in the optical fiber divided by 2; It is the correction term. According to the ratio of the current scattering amplitude to the reference amplitude, the time-delay positioning is finely adjusted through the attenuation correction coefficient to eliminate the time-delay error caused by optical fiber loss or multipath scattering.

[0079] Finally, calculate the positioning error δ i as follows:

[0080] δ i = |x - L i |

[0081] where L i is the axial distance of the branch point i on the optical fiber. Compare the calculated positioning error δ i with the preset error. If the positioning error δ i is less than or equal to the preset error, then confirm that the optical fiber signal corresponds to the branch point i. If the positioning error δ i is greater than the preset error, then re-confirm the corresponding branch point j of the optical fiber signal according to the maximum likelihood method as follows:

[0082] j = argmin k δ k

[0083] among the error values δ k corresponding to all branch points k, select the number j of the branch point with the smallest error, and consider that the position corresponding to this number most conforms to the current hybrid positioning result. Calibrate the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signals of all branch points and the vibration location in the above manner, so as to confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signals and the vibration location.

[0084] In implementation, the hybrid positioning and maximum likelihood confirmation methods have the following advantages: First, the traditional time-delay positioning is expected to only provide a rough position at the branch level. After adding attenuation correction, the formula can automatically compensate for the time-delay deviation caused by local optical fiber loss and multipath scattering, improving the positioning accuracy to the meter level or even better; Second, through the double comparison with the preliminary calibration position and using the principle of the smallest error, it can effectively reduce false alarms caused by misalignment and noise interference; Finally, when there are multiple suspicious branches, the maximum likelihood method can quickly and automatically select the most likely vibration location, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system during long-term operation.

[0085] Through the above delay-attenuation hybrid positioning and correction mechanism, this application can significantly suppress the positioning error introduced by factors such as uneven optical fiber laying, local coupling change, or long-term environmental drift, ensuring high-precision and high-robust vibration anomaly detection and positioning capabilities during long-term operation in a complex building environment.

[0086] Step S105: Monitor the optical fiber signals in the building in real time and analyze whether they are abnormal optical fiber signals. If an abnormal optical fiber signal appears, locate the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location and issue a warning.

[0087] In implementation, first, the optical fiber signals in the building are monitored in real time to analyze whether abnormal optical fiber signals appear. Specifically, feature extraction is performed on the real-time collected optical fiber signals, such as signal amplitude, frequency, or waveform. The extracted features are compared with the features of normal vibration signals. Whether there is abnormal vibration is identified by whether the difference in signal features exceeds a preset threshold. If it is identified that there is abnormal vibration, it is determined that an abnormal optical fiber signal appears, that is, there may be illegal decoration behavior. Subsequently, through the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location established previously, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is associated, so as to accurately locate the position of the abnormal vibration source. Finally, the alarm is automatically triggered, and the position of the abnormal vibration source and the analysis result of the abnormal optical fiber signal are sent to the management department for processing and intervention through the networking module.

[0088] In summary, based on the existing communication optical fiber network, after installing a laser and a receiving module on the pre-selected communication optical fiber, knocking is performed on the communication optical fiber to collect the different vibration signals generated by knocking at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, and the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point are recorded. Subsequently, through time synchronization and feature comparison between the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal, a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location is established. Then, the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location is corrected through delay attenuation hybrid positioning. By double comparison with the preliminary calibration position and using the principle of minimum error, false alarms caused by misregistration and noise interference can be effectively reduced. Finally, it is monitored in real time whether abnormal optical fiber signals appear in the building. If an abnormal optical fiber signal appears, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is located based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location. Compared with the prior art's ex post response to building illegal decoration behavior, it can monitor the abnormal optical fiber signals that appear in the building in real time, locate the position of the abnormal vibration source and trigger a warning, timely identify possible illegal decoration behavior, and thus effectively prevent building safety hazards.

[0089] In implementation, the existing communication optical fiber network within the building is utilized, eliminating the need to lay additional sensing optical fibers, thereby significantly reducing the construction cost of the system. As an infrastructure, the communication optical fibers already cover all areas of the building. By converting them into a medium for vibration monitoring, the utilization efficiency of existing resources is maximized, avoiding unnecessary hardware investment. At the same time, there is no need for large-scale renovation or excavation of the building. Only a small number of devices need to be installed on the existing communication optical fibers. The setup process of devices such as lasers and receiving modules is simple, fast, and highly adaptable, enabling easy integration with the existing building structure, reducing interference with residents or the daily operation of the building, and avoiding the high costs and complex construction problems that may be brought by traditional monitoring systems.

[0090] In addition, this application has good scalability and can further integrate other types of optical fiber sensing modules as needed, such as temperature sensing modules, deformation sensing modules, etc., to expand the monitoring function and achieve multi-dimensional building safety monitoring. This modular design enables the solution to adapt to different building safety requirements, facilitating future upgrades and function expansions, and ensuring the long-term applicability and sustainable development of the technology.

[0091] Figure 2 It is the structural block diagram of a real-time building vibration monitoring and early warning system based on communication optical fibers provided by an embodiment of this application. The system at least includes the following modules:

[0092] The communication optical fiber layout module is used to select communication optical fibers within the building, set up lasers and receiving modules on the communication optical fibers, and the lasers and receiving modules work together to achieve the acquisition of optical fiber signals.

[0093] The vibration signal generation module is used to strike the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collect the vibration signals generated by the strikes at each branch point, and record the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point, where the vibration signals of each branch point are different.

[0094] The calibration relationship establishment module is used to establish a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through time synchronization and feature comparison of the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal.

[0095] The calibration relationship correction module is used to correct the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through delay attenuation hybrid positioning to confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location.

[0096] The real-time monitoring and early warning module is used to monitor the optical fiber signals in the building in real time and analyze whether they are abnormal optical fiber signals. If abnormal optical fiber signals appear, it locates the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signals based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location and issues an early warning.

[0097] For relevant details, refer to the method embodiments above.

[0098] Figure 3 FIG. is a block diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. The device at least includes a processor 301 and a memory 302.

[0099] The processor 301 may include one or more processing cores, such as: a 4-core processor, an 8-core processor, etc. The processor 301 may be implemented in at least one hardware form of DSP (Digital Signal Processing), FPGA (Field-Programmable Gate Array), and PLA (Programmable Logic Array). The processor 301 may also include a main processor and a coprocessor. The main processor is a processor for processing data in the wake state, also known as the CPU (Central Processing Unit); the coprocessor is a low-power processor for processing data in the standby state. In some embodiments, the processor 301 may be integrated with a GPU (Graphics Processing Unit), and the GPU is responsible for rendering and drawing the content to be displayed on the display screen. In some embodiments, the processor 301 may further include an AI (Artificial Intelligence) processor, and the AI processor is used to process computational operations related to machine learning.

[0100] The memory 302 may include one or more computer-readable storage media, and the computer-readable storage media may be non-transitory. The memory 302 may also include high-speed random access memory and non-volatile memory, such as one or more disk storage devices and flash storage devices. In some embodiments, the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium in the memory 302 is used to store at least one instruction, and the at least one instruction is used to be executed by the processor 301 to implement the method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fibers provided by the method embodiments of the present application.

[0101] In some embodiments, the electronic device may further optionally include: a peripheral device interface and at least one peripheral device. The processor 301, the memory 302, and the peripheral device interface may be connected through a bus or signal lines. Each peripheral device may be connected to the peripheral device interface through a bus, signal lines, or a circuit board. Schematically, the peripheral devices include but are not limited to: a radio frequency circuit, a touch display screen, an audio circuit, and a power supply, etc.

[0102] Of course, the electronic device may also include fewer or more components, which are not limited in this embodiment.

[0103] Optionally, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a program that is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber in the above method embodiment.

[0104] Optionally, the present application also provides a computer product including a computer-readable storage medium storing a program that is loaded and executed by a processor to implement the method for real-time monitoring and early warning of building vibration based on communication optical fiber in the above method embodiment.

[0105] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of concise description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as the scope recorded in this specification.

[0106] The above embodiments only represent several implementation manners of the present application, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present application, several modifications and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the patent of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber, characterized in that: The method comprises: Select a communication optical fiber in the building, set a laser and a receiving module on the communication optical fiber, and the laser and the receiving module work together to collect optical fiber signals; knocking on the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collecting vibration signals generated by the knocking of each branch point, and recording the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point, wherein the vibration signals of each branch point are different; Through time synchronization and feature comparison between optical fiber signal and vibration signal, a preliminary calibration relationship between optical fiber signal and vibration location is established; Correcting the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location by delay attenuation hybrid positioning to confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location; The optical fiber signal in the building is monitored in real time and analyzed to see if it is an abnormal optical fiber signal. If an abnormal optical fiber signal appears, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is located based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location, and an early warning is issued.

2. The real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The selecting of communication optical fiber in the building comprises: The communication optical fiber with the largest coverage in the building is selected as the monitoring trunk optical fiber.

3. The real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The step of knocking on the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collecting the vibration signal generated by knocking on each branch point, and recording the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point includes: For each branch point of the communication optical fiber, the knocking intensity and knocking frequency of each branch point are adjusted so that the vibration signal generated by knocking at each branch point has differences in physical characteristics; The building is knocked in turn at each branch point of the selected communication optical fiber, and the vibration signal generated by the knocking is collected by an acceleration sensor; By combining the networking function and the time synchronization module, the vibration time and vibration location of each time are recorded in real time, and the time synchronization information is transmitted to the receiving module.

4. The real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The establishment of a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through time synchronization and feature comparison between the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal includes: When the selected communication optical fiber is struck, the receiving module synchronously collects the optical fiber signal generated by the vibration in the communication optical fiber; Confirm the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal generated at the same time through the time synchronization information, and compare whether the signal characteristics of the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal generated at the same time are consistent; If the signal characteristics of the vibration signal and the optical fiber signal are consistent, a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location recorded by the vibration signal is established.

5. The real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The method of correcting the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location by delay attenuation hybrid positioning to confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location includes: The round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse in the time window of each tap or excitation is calculated; Combining the delay and attenuation information, the positioning distance x is calculated as follows: v g =c / n Among them, v g is the group velocity in the optical fiber, which is obtained by dividing the vacuum light speed c by the optical fiber refractive index n; k is the attenuation correction coefficient obtained by field calibration; A0 is the standard peak value during calibration, and A is the real-time peak value during operation; Calculate the positioning error δ i as follows: d i =|x―L i | Among them, L i is the axial distance of the branch point i on the optical fiber, and the calculated positioning error δ i Compare with the preset error. If the positioning error is δ i If the positioning error is less than or equal to the preset error, then the optical fiber signal corresponds to the branch point i; if the positioning error is δ i If the error is greater than the preset error, the corresponding branch point j of the optical fiber signal is reconfirmed according to the maximum likelihood method as follows: j=argmin k d k The error value δ corresponding to all branch points k k In , the number j of the branch point with the smallest error is selected, and it is considered that the position corresponding to this number is most consistent with the current hybrid positioning result.

6. The real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The calculation of the round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse within the time window of each knock or excitation comprises: The round-trip delay Δt of the scattered light signal relative to the reference pulse is calculated using the cross-correlation function as follows: Among them, S(t) is the scattered signal collected by the receiving module in the time window [T0, T1], R(t) is the reference pulse injected by the laser during the excitation phase, and τ is the time offset.

7. The real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The real-time monitoring of the optical fiber signal in the building and analyzing whether it is an abnormal optical fiber signal, if an abnormal optical fiber signal occurs, locating the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location and issuing an early warning includes: Extract features from the optical fiber signal collected in real time, compare the extracted features with the features of the normal vibration signal, and identify whether there is abnormal vibration by checking whether the difference in the signal features exceeds a preset threshold. If abnormal vibration is detected, it is determined that an abnormal optical fiber signal exists; By using the established final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is associated to locate the position of the abnormal vibration source; An alarm is automatically triggered and the location of the abnormal vibration source and the abnormal optical fiber signal analysis results are sent to the management department for processing and intervention through the networking module.

8. A real-time monitoring and early warning system for building vibration based on communication optical fiber, characterized in that: include: A communication optical fiber arrangement module is used to select a communication optical fiber in a building, and to arrange a laser and a receiving module on the communication optical fiber. The laser and the receiving module work together to collect optical fiber signals. A vibration signal generating module, used for knocking the building at each branch point of the communication optical fiber, collecting the vibration signal generated by knocking each branch point, and recording the vibration time and vibration location of each branch point, wherein the vibration signal of each branch point is different; A calibration relationship establishment module is used to establish a preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through time synchronization and feature comparison between the optical fiber signal and the vibration signal; A calibration relationship correction module, used to correct the preliminary calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location through delayed attenuation hybrid positioning, and confirm the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location; The real-time monitoring and early warning module is used to monitor the optical fiber signal in the building in real time and analyze whether it is an abnormal optical fiber signal. If an abnormal optical fiber signal appears, the vibration location corresponding to the abnormal optical fiber signal is located and an early warning is issued based on the final calibration relationship between the optical fiber signal and the vibration location.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: The device includes a processor and a memory; a program is stored in the memory, and the program is loaded and executed by the processor to implement a real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a program, which, when executed by a processor, is used to implement a real-time monitoring and early warning method for building vibration based on communication optical fiber as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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