System and method for detecting optical cable special for logging based on big data

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optical cable detection, in particular to a system and method for detecting an optical cable special for logging based on big data. The method comprises the steps of measuring a pressure value borne by an optical cable deployed in an oil-gas well based on a pressure sensor, and performing segmented labeling on the optical cable based on the pressure value to obtain labeled segments; based on the optical cable azimuth information data, calculating to obtain an outside-sleeve optical cable azimuth angle change value, and based on the azimuth angle change value, judging whether the marked segmented optical cable meets the azimuth angle change requirement of the logging optical cable or not; analyzing and processing the optical time domain reflection data to obtain the total power of reflected light of the marked segments of the optical cable, and judging whether the marked segments of the optical cable are damaged or not based on the total power of the reflected light of the optical cable; the environment state characterization value is generated based on the environment data, whether the environment where the marked and segmented optical cable is located meets the optical cable working environment requirement or not is judged based on the environment state characterization value, the optical cable detection efficiency can be improved, the detection comprehensiveness is improved, and the detection real-time performance is enhanced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of optical cable detection, and particularly to a special optical cable detection system and method for logging based on big data. Background Art

[0002] During the exploration and development of oil and gas wells, as an important medium for information transmission, the optical cable undertakes key tasks such as data transmission, monitoring, and control. However, the environment of oil and gas wells is complex and changeable. The optical cable in the well is not only affected by extreme conditions such as high pressure and high temperature, but may also be subjected to mechanical effects such as external force extrusion and stretching, resulting in a decline in its performance or even damage. Therefore, it is particularly important to monitor and evaluate the status of the optical cable in the oil and gas well in real time.

[0003] Traditionally, the monitoring of the optical cable in the oil and gas well mainly relies on manual inspection and regular detection. This method not only has low efficiency, but also is difficult to reflect the actual status of the optical cable in real time, resulting in problems such as incomplete monitoring indicators and insufficient real-time performance.

[0004] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a special optical cable detection system and method for logging based on big data to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special optical cable detection system and method for logging based on big data, which solves the technical problems of low detection efficiency, incomplete detection, and insufficient real-time performance of the optical cable detection in the prior art due to the mainly reliance on manual inspection and regular detection of the optical cable in the oil and gas well.

[0006] The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0007] On the one hand, a special optical cable detection system for logging based on big data, the system includes:

[0008] A segmented annotation module, which is used to measure the pressure value of the optical cable deployed in the oil and gas well based on a pressure sensor, and segment and annotate the optical cable based on the pressure value to obtain an annotated segment;

[0009] An optical cable azimuth angle determination module, which is used to obtain the optical cable azimuth information data of the annotated segment, calculate the change value of the optical cable azimuth angle outside the casing based on the optical cable azimuth information data, and determine whether the optical cable of the annotated segment meets the requirements of the optical cable azimuth angle change for logging based on the change value of the azimuth angle;

[0010] An optical cable damage determination module, which is used to obtain the optical time domain reflectance data corresponding to the optical cable of the annotated segment, analyze and process the optical time domain reflectance data to obtain the total reflected light power of the optical cable of the annotated segment, and determine whether there is damage to the optical cable of the annotated segment based on the total reflected light power of the optical cable;

[0011] An optical cable environment determination module is used to obtain environmental data corresponding to the marked segmented optical cable, generate an environmental state characterization value based on the environmental data, and determine whether the environment where the marked segmented optical cable is located meets the requirements of the optical cable working environment based on the environmental state characterization value.

[0012] Further, segmenting and marking the optical cable based on the pressure value to obtain the marked segments specifically includes the following process:

[0013] Set each acquisition moment at time interval T, obtain the pressure values of the optical cable at N acquisition moments, obtain the absolute values of the pressure differences at N - 1 adjacent acquisition moments, and select the adjacent acquisition moments N i 、N i-1 where the absolute value change range is greater than the preset range value, and set the time period between N i 、N i-1 as the (i - 1)-th time period. Among them, N ≥ 2 and is a positive integer;

[0014] Segment and mark the optical cable according to the optical cable length values corresponding to each time period to obtain the marked segments.

[0015] Further, calculating the azimuth angle change value of the outer-sheath optical cable based on the optical cable azimuth information data specifically includes the following process:

[0016] The optical cable azimuth information data includes the gravity azimuth data collected by GMR sensors distributed in the marked segments. Select the gravity azimuth of any one GMR sensor as the 0° initial azimuth, and this 0° azimuth is determined by the hardware receiving the azimuth of the sensor at the calibration position in the sensor array. Determine the azimuth of each sensor relative to the initial azimuth according to the spatial distribution of 32 GMR sensors;

[0017] Taking the ground of the oil and gas well as the reference, calculate the azimuth differences of adjacent GMR sensors from top to bottom in turn, number the differences from top to bottom to obtain the numbered values, construct a rectangular coordinate system with the numbered values as the X-axis and the azimuth differences of the numbered values as the Y-axis, mark all the azimuth differences in the form of points in the rectangular coordinate system, connect the adjacent points in the rectangular coordinate system to generate an azimuth difference curve, draw perpendicular lines from both ends of the azimuth difference curve to the X-axis to obtain two starting and ending line segments, and form a closed figure by the azimuth difference curve, the two starting and ending line segments and the X-axis, and calculate the total area of the closed figure;

[0018] Set a preset azimuth line, obtain the tangent slope of the first intersection of the preset azimuth line and the azimuth difference curve, calculate the product value of the tangent slope and the total area, and record the product value as the azimuth angle change value of the outer-sheath optical cable.

[0019] Further, determining whether the optical cable of the marked segment meets the requirements of the logging optical cable azimuth angle change based on the azimuth angle change value specifically includes the following process:

[0020] Load the azimuth angle change threshold. The azimuth angle change threshold is stored in the system and its value is set by the system. Determine whether the azimuth angle change value exceeds the azimuth angle change threshold. If so, it is determined that the marked segmented optical cable does not meet the requirements for the azimuth angle change of the logging optical cable. If not, it is determined that the marked segmented optical cable meets the requirements for the azimuth angle change of the logging optical cable.

[0021] Further, analyzing and processing the optical time domain reflectometry data to obtain the total reflected optical power of the marked segmented optical cable specifically includes the following process:

[0022] Light undergoes a Fresnel reflection at each of the two interfaces at the break. Let P f represent the total Fresnel reflected optical power of interfaces 1 and 2 formed after the optical cable break. The refractive index of the optical fiber core corresponding to interface 1 is n1, the refractive index of the optical fiber core corresponding to interface 2 is n2, and the refractive index of the air gap at the break is n0;

[0023] Calculate the optical power P f1 reflected back by interface 1:

[0024]

[0025] where P l is the optical power of the incident optical signal;

[0026] After the reflection generated by interface 2 and then transmitted through interface 1, the optical power entering the optical fiber corresponding to interface 1 is represented by P f2 :

[0027]

[0028] Denote the sum of P f1 and P f2 as P f , and denote P f as the total reflected optical power of the marked segmented optical cable.

[0029] Further, determining whether there is damage to the marked segmented optical cable based on the total reflected optical power of the optical cable specifically includes the following process:

[0030] Obtain the total reflected optical power of the optical cable without damage, and determine whether the total reflected optical power of the optical cable without damage is the same as the total reflected optical power of the marked segmented optical cable. If so, it is determined that there is no damage to the marked segmented optical cable. If not, it is determined that there is damage to the marked segmented optical cable.

[0031] Further, generating an environmental state characterization value based on the environmental data specifically includes the following process:

[0032] Set multiple environmental information detection nodes in the marked segment;

[0033] Detect the first environmental data, the second environmental data up to the Gth environmental data. Among them, the first environmental data includes the first temperature difference, the first pressure difference, and the first vibration frequency difference. The Gth environmental data includes the Gth temperature difference, the Gth pressure difference, and the Gth vibration frequency difference. The temperature difference is the difference between the environmental temperature value where the optical cable of the current environmental detection node is located and the preset temperature value. The pressure difference is the difference between the pressure value received by the optical cable of the current environmental detection node and the preset pressure value. The vibration frequency difference is the difference between the vibration frequency of the optical cable of the current environmental detection node and the preset vibration frequency;

[0034] Sum the first temperature difference, the first pressure difference, and the first vibration frequency difference to obtain the first node characterization coefficient until the Gth node characterization coefficient is obtained;

[0035] Sum all the node characterization coefficients to obtain the environmental state characterization value.

[0036] Further, judging whether the environment where the optical cable in the marked segment is located meets the requirements of the optical cable working environment based on the environmental state characterization value specifically includes the following process:

[0037] Load the environmental state characterization threshold. The environmental state characterization threshold is stored in the system, and its value is set by the system. Judge whether the environmental state characterization value exceeds the environmental state characterization threshold. If so, it is determined that the environment where the optical cable in the marked segment is located does not meet the requirements of the optical cable working environment. If not, it is determined that the environment where the optical cable in the marked segment is located meets the requirements of the optical cable working environment.

[0038] On the other hand, a logging special optical cable detection method based on big data, the method includes:

[0039] Measure the pressure value received by the optical cable deployed in the oil and gas well based on the pressure sensor, and segment and mark the optical cable based on the pressure value to obtain the marked segment;

[0040] Obtain the optical cable azimuth information data of the marked segment, calculate the change value of the optical cable azimuth angle outside the casing based on the optical cable azimuth information data, and judge whether the optical cable in the marked segment meets the requirements of the logging optical cable azimuth angle change based on the azimuth angle change value;

[0041] Obtain the optical time domain reflectance data corresponding to the optical cable in the marked segment, analyze and process the optical time domain reflectance data to obtain the total reflected optical power of the optical cable in the marked segment, and judge whether there is any damage to the optical cable in the marked segment based on the total reflected optical power of the optical cable;

[0042] Obtain the environmental data corresponding to the marked segmented optical cable, generate an environmental status characterization value based on the environmental data, and determine whether the environment where the marked segmented optical cable is located meets the working environmental requirements of the optical cable.

[0043] Compared with the existing solutions, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0044] Comprehensive monitoring and evaluation:

[0045] The present invention combines various technical means such as pressure sensors, optical time domain reflectometers, and environmental sensors to achieve comprehensive monitoring and evaluation of the optical cable in the oil and gas well. It not only considers the pressure value received by the optical cable, but also analyzes the azimuth angle change, damage condition, and the state of the environment where the optical cable is located, providing more comprehensive and accurate optical cable status information.

[0046] Real-time performance and accuracy:

[0047] By collecting and analyzing various sensor data in real time, the present invention can timely detect abnormal states of the optical cable, such as excessive force, abnormal azimuth angle change, damage, or deterioration of environmental conditions. This greatly improves the real-time performance and accuracy of monitoring, helps to take timely measures to prevent damage or failure of the optical cable, and ensures the normal operation of the oil and gas well.

[0048] Improve efficiency and reduce costs:

[0049] The present invention realizes automatic monitoring and evaluation of the optical cable status, reducing the frequency and cost of manual inspections and regular detections. At the same time, by accurately positioning the abnormal section of the optical cable, more targeted maintenance and replacement can be carried out, improving work efficiency and reducing maintenance costs.

[0050] Enhance safety and reliability:

[0051] The environment of the oil and gas well is complex and changeable. Damage or failure of the optical cable may lead to serious consequences such as data transmission interruption and monitoring out of control. By real-time monitoring the optical cable status, the present invention can timely detect and handle potential safety hazards, enhancing the safety and reliability of the oil and gas well. Description of the drawings

[0052] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0053] Figure 1 It is a system block diagram of a special optical cable detection system for well logging based on big data according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 2 It is the flowchart of the first well logging special optical cable detection system based on big data in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 3 It is the flowchart of the second well logging special optical cable detection system based on big data in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 4 It is the flowchart of a well logging special optical cable detection method based on big data in the embodiments of the present invention. Specific implementation manners

[0057] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0058] In addition, the described features, structures or characteristics can be combined in any suitable manner in one or more example embodiments. In the following description, many specific details are provided to give a full understanding of the example embodiments of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will realize that the technical solutions of the present disclosure can be practiced by omitting one or more of the specific details, or by using other methods, components, steps, etc. In other cases, well-known structures, methods, implementations or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring the various aspects of the present disclosure.

[0059] This embodiment provides a well logging special optical cable detection system based on big data, Figure 1 which is the system block diagram of a well logging special optical cable detection system based on big data in the embodiments of the present invention. As Figure 1 shown, the system includes:

[0060] A segmented annotation module, configured to measure the pressure value of the optical cable deployed in the oil and gas well based on a pressure sensor, and perform segmented annotation on the optical cable based on the pressure value to obtain an annotated segment;

[0061] An optical cable azimuth angle determination module, configured to obtain the optical cable azimuth information data of the annotated segment, calculate the change value of the optical cable azimuth angle outside the casing based on the optical cable azimuth information data, and determine whether the optical cable of the annotated segment meets the requirements of the well logging optical cable azimuth angle change based on the azimuth angle change value;

[0062] An optical cable damage determination module, configured to obtain the optical time domain reflectance data corresponding to the labeled segmented optical cable, analyze and process the optical time domain reflectance data to obtain the total reflected optical power of the labeled segmented optical cable, and determine whether there is damage to the labeled segmented optical cable based on the total reflected optical power of the optical cable;

[0063] An optical cable environment determination module, configured to obtain the environmental data corresponding to the labeled segmented optical cable, generate an environmental state characterization value based on the environmental data, and determine whether the environment where the labeled segmented optical cable is located meets the working environment requirements of the optical cable based on the environmental state characterization value.

[0064] In summary, the present invention measures the pressure value of the optical cable deployed in the oil and gas well based on the pressure sensor, segments and labels the optical cable based on the pressure value to obtain labeled segments; calculates the change value of the azimuth angle of the optical cable outside the casing based on the optical cable azimuth information data, and determines whether the labeled segmented optical cable meets the requirement of the azimuth angle change of the logging optical cable based on the azimuth angle change value; analyzes and processes the optical time domain reflectance data to obtain the total reflected optical power of the labeled segmented optical cable, and determines whether there is damage to the labeled segmented optical cable based on the total reflected optical power of the optical cable; generates an environmental state characterization value based on the environmental data, and determines whether the environment where the labeled segmented optical cable is located meets the working environment requirements of the optical cable, which can improve the detection efficiency of the optical cable, enhance the comprehensiveness of the detection, and enhance the real-time performance of the detection.

[0065] In some embodiments, segmenting and labeling the optical cable based on the pressure value to obtain labeled segments specifically includes the following process:

[0066] Set each acquisition moment at a time interval T, obtain the pressure values of the optical cable at N acquisition moments, obtain the absolute values of the pressure differences between N - 1 adjacent acquisition moments, and select the adjacent acquisition moments N i 、N i-1 where the absolute value change range is greater than the preset range value, and set the time period between the two acquisition moments N i 、N i-1 as the (i - 1)-th time period, where N≥2 and is a positive integer;

[0067] Segment and label the optical cable according to the optical cable length values corresponding to each time period to obtain labeled segments.

[0068] In some embodiments, Figure 2 is the flowchart of the operation of the first logging special optical cable detection system based on big data according to the embodiments of the present invention. As Figure 2 shown, calculating the change value of the azimuth angle of the optical cable outside the casing based on the optical cable azimuth information data specifically includes the following process:

[0069] Step S201: The optical cable azimuth information data includes the gravity azimuth data collected by GMR sensors distributed in the marked segments. Select the gravity azimuth of any one GMR sensor as the 0° initial azimuth, which is determined by the hardware receiving the azimuth of the sensor at the calibration position in the sensor array. Determine the azimuth of each sensor relative to the initial azimuth according to the spatial distribution of 32 GMR sensors.

[0070] It should be noted that the working principle of the GMR sensor is based on the giant magnetoresistance effect, that is, the external magnetic field can cause a huge change in the resistance of the magnetic material thin layer through the giant magnetoresistance effect. By measuring the direction and magnitude of the gravitational acceleration, the tilt angle or gravity azimuth of the object can be deduced.

[0071] Step S202: Taking the ground of the oil and gas well as the reference, calculate the azimuth difference between adjacent GMR sensors from top to bottom in turn, number the differences from top to bottom to obtain the numbered values. Construct a rectangular coordinate system with the numbered values as the X-axis and the azimuth differences of the numbered values as the Y-axis. Mark all the azimuth differences in the form of points in the rectangular coordinate system, connect the adjacent points in the rectangular coordinate system to generate an azimuth difference curve, draw perpendicular lines from both ends of the azimuth difference curve to the X-axis to obtain two starting and ending line segments. The closed figure is composed of the azimuth difference curve, the two starting and ending line segments and the X-axis, and calculate the total area of the closed figure.

[0072] Step S203: Set a preset azimuth line, obtain the tangent slope of the first intersection of the preset azimuth line and the azimuth difference curve, calculate the product value of the tangent slope and the total area, and record the product value as the azimuth angle change value of the optical cable outside the casing.

[0073] Further, judging whether the optical cable in the marked segment meets the requirements of the logging optical cable azimuth angle change based on the azimuth angle change value specifically includes the following process:

[0074] Load the azimuth angle change threshold, where the azimuth angle change threshold is stored in the system and its value is set by the system. Judge whether the azimuth angle change value exceeds the azimuth angle change threshold. If so, it is determined that the optical cable in the marked segment does not meet the requirements of the logging optical cable azimuth angle change. If not, it is determined that the optical cable in the marked segment meets the requirements of the logging optical cable azimuth angle change.

[0075] In some embodiments, analyzing and processing the optical time domain reflectance data to obtain the total reflected light power of the optical cable in the marked segment specifically includes the following process:

[0076] Light undergoes a Fresnel reflection at each of the two interfaces at the fracture. Let P f represent the total Fresnel reflected light power of interface 1 and interface 2 formed after the optical cable is broken. The refractive index of the optical fiber core corresponding to interface 1 is n1, the refractive index of the optical fiber core corresponding to interface 2 is n2, and the refractive index of the air gap at the fracture is n0.

[0077] Calculate the optical power P reflected by interface 1 f1 :

[0078]

[0079] Among them, P l is the optical power of the incident optical signal;

[0080] After the reflection generated by interface 2 is transmitted through interface 1, the optical power entering the optical fiber corresponding to interface 1 is represented by P f2 :

[0081]

[0082] Add the values of P f1 and P f2 , and denote the sum as P f , and denote P f as the total optical power of the reflected light of the marked segmented optical cable.

[0083] Furthermore, judging whether the marked segmented optical cable is damaged based on the total optical power of the reflected light of the optical cable specifically includes the following process:

[0084] Obtain the total optical power of the reflected light of the optical cable without damage, and judge whether the total optical power of the reflected light of the optical cable without damage is the same as that of the marked segmented optical cable. If so, it is determined that the marked segmented optical cable is not damaged. If not, it is determined that the marked segmented optical cable is damaged.

[0085] In some embodiments, Figure 3 is the flowchart of the operation of the second well logging special optical cable detection system based on big data according to the embodiments of the present invention. As Figure 3 shown, generating an environmental state characterization value based on environmental data specifically includes the following process:

[0086] Step S301: Set multiple environmental information detection nodes in the marked segment;

[0087] Step S302: Detect the first environmental data, the second environmental data until the Gth environmental data;

[0088] Among them, the first environmental data includes the first temperature difference, the first pressure difference and the first vibration frequency difference, the Gth environmental data includes the Gth temperature difference, the Gth pressure difference and the Gth vibration frequency difference. The temperature difference is the difference between the environmental temperature value of the optical cable at the current environmental detection node and the preset temperature value. The pressure difference is the difference between the pressure value received by the optical cable at the current environmental detection node and the preset pressure value. The vibration frequency difference is the difference between the vibration frequency of the optical cable at the current environmental detection node and the preset vibration frequency;

[0089] Step S303: Sum the first temperature difference, the first pressure difference, and the first vibration frequency difference to obtain a first node characterization coefficient until the G-th node characterization coefficient is obtained;

[0090] Step S304: Sum all the node characterization coefficients to obtain an environmental state characterization value.

[0091] In some embodiments, determining whether the environment where the marked segmented optical cable is located meets the optical cable working environment requirements based on the environmental state characterization value specifically includes the following process:

[0092] Load the environmental state characterization threshold, which is stored in the system and its value is set by the system. Determine whether the environmental state characterization value exceeds the environmental state characterization threshold. If so, it is determined that the environment where the marked segmented optical cable is located does not meet the optical cable working environment requirements. If not, it is determined that the environment where the marked segmented optical cable is located meets the optical cable working environment requirements.

[0093] In some embodiments, the present invention also provides a special optical cable detection method for logging based on big data, Figure 4 which is a flowchart of the working process of a special optical cable detection method for logging based on big data according to an embodiment of the present invention, as Figure 4 shown. The method includes the following steps:

[0094] Step S401: Measure the pressure value of the optical cable deployed in the oil and gas well based on a pressure sensor, and segment and mark the optical cable based on the pressure value to obtain marked segments;

[0095] Step S402: Obtain the optical cable azimuth information data of the marked segment, calculate the change value of the optical cable azimuth angle outside the casing based on the optical cable azimuth information data, and determine whether the optical cable of the marked segment meets the logging optical cable azimuth angle change requirement based on the change value of the azimuth angle;

[0096] Step S403: Obtain the optical time domain reflection data corresponding to the optical cable of the marked segment, analyze and process the optical time domain reflection data to obtain the total reflected optical power of the optical cable of the marked segment, and determine whether there is damage to the optical cable of the marked segment based on the total reflected optical power of the optical cable;

[0097] Step S404: Obtain the environmental data corresponding to the optical cable of the marked segment, generate an environmental state characterization value based on the environmental data, and determine whether the environment where the optical cable of the marked segment is located meets the optical cable working environment requirements based on the environmental state characterization value.

[0098] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer programs are loaded or executed on a computer, the processes or functions described in the embodiments of the present application are generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center by wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) means. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more collections of available media. The available media can be magnetic media (such as floppy disks, hard disks, magnetic tapes), optical media (such as DVDs), or semiconductor media. The semiconductor media can be a solid-state drive.

[0099] Those of ordinary skill in the art will realize that the units and algorithm steps of the examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or in a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are executed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. A professional technician can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

[0100] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices, and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments and will not be described herein again.

[0101] In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is only for some logical function divisions, and there can be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed couplings, direct couplings, or communication connections to each other can be through some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communication connections of devices or units can be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0102] The unit described as a separation component may or may not be physically separated. The component shown as a unit may or may not be a physical unit, that is, it may be located in one place or distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0103] As mentioned above, the above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application can easily think of changes or substitutions, which should all be covered within the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A well logging optical cable detection system based on big data, characterized in that: The system includes: A segmentation marking module is used to measure the pressure value of the optical cable deployed in the oil and gas well based on the pressure sensor, and to mark the optical cable in segments based on the pressure value to obtain marked segments; The optical cable azimuth angle determination module is used to obtain the optical cable azimuth information data of the marked segment, calculate the azimuth angle change value of the outer optical cable based on the optical cable azimuth information data, and determine whether the optical cable of the marked segment meets the azimuth angle change requirement of the well logging optical cable based on the azimuth angle change value; The optical cable damage judgment module is used to obtain the optical time domain reflection data corresponding to the marked segmented optical cable, analyze and process the optical time domain reflection data, obtain the total power of reflected light of the marked segmented optical cable, and judge whether the marked segmented optical cable is damaged based on the total power of reflected light of the optical cable; The optical cable environment determination module is used to obtain the environmental data corresponding to the marked segmented optical cable, generate an environmental state characterization value based on the environmental data, and determine whether the environment where the marked segmented optical cable is located meets the optical cable working environment requirements based on the environmental state characterization value.

2. The logging-specific optical cable detection system based on big data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The optical cable is segmented and marked based on the pressure value, and the segmentation is specifically marked including the following processes: Set each acquisition time at a time interval T, obtain the pressure value of the optical cable at N acquisition times, obtain the absolute value of the pressure difference at N-1 adjacent acquisition times, and select the adjacent acquisition time N corresponding to the absolute value change range greater than the preset range value. i 、N i-1 , and N i 、N i-1 The period between two acquisition moments is set as the i-1th period, where N ≥ 2 and is a positive integer; The optical cable is segmented and marked according to the optical cable length values ​​corresponding to each time period to obtain marked segments.

3. The logging-specific optical cable detection system based on big data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation based on the optical cable azimuth information data to obtain the change value of the outer cable azimuth angle specifically includes the following process: The optical cable orientation information data includes the gravity orientation data collected by the GMR sensors distributed in the marked segments. The gravity orientation of any GMR sensor is selected as the 0° initial orientation. The 0° orientation is determined by the orientation of the sensor at the calibrated position in the hardware receiving sensor array. The orientation of each sensor relative to the initial orientation is determined according to the spatial distribution of the 32 GMR sensors. Taking the oil and gas well surface as a reference, calculate the azimuth difference values ​​of adjacent GMR sensors from top to bottom, number the difference values ​​from top to bottom to obtain the numbered value, construct a rectangular coordinate system with the numbered value as the X-axis and the azimuth difference value of the numbered value as the Y-axis, mark all the azimuth difference values ​​in the rectangular coordinate system in the form of points, connect the adjacent points in the rectangular coordinate system to generate an azimuth difference curve, draw perpendicular lines from both ends of the azimuth difference curve to the X-axis to obtain two start and end line segments, form a closed figure with the azimuth difference curve, the two start and end line segments and the X-axis, and calculate the total area of ​​the closed figure; Set a preset azimuth straight line, obtain the tangent point slope of the first intersection of the preset azimuth straight line and the azimuth difference curve, calculate the product of the tangent point slope and the total area, and record the product as the azimuth angle change value of the outer optical cable.

4. The logging-specific optical cable detection system based on big data according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Judging whether the optical cable of the marked segment meets the azimuth angle change requirements of the logging optical cable based on the azimuth angle change value specifically includes the following processes: Load the azimuth angle change threshold, where the azimuth angle change threshold is stored in the system and its value is set by the system. Determine whether the azimuth angle change value exceeds the azimuth angle change threshold. If so, determine that the marked segmented optical cable does not meet the azimuth angle change requirement of the logging optical cable. If not, determine that the marked segmented optical cable meets the azimuth angle change requirement of the logging optical cable.

5. The logging-specific optical cable detection system based on big data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The analysis and processing of the optical time domain reflectometry data to obtain the total reflected light power of the optical cable of the marked segment specifically includes the following processes: The light undergoes a Fresnel reflection at each of the two interfaces at the fracture, and the f It represents the total Fresnel reflected optical power of interface 1 and interface 2 after the cable is broken. The refractive index of the cable core corresponding to interface 1 is n1, the refractive index of the cable core corresponding to interface 2 is n2, and the refractive index of the air gap at the break is n0; Calculate the optical power P reflected from interface 1 f1 : Among them, P l is the optical power of the incident optical signal; After the reflection generated by interface 2 is transmitted through interface 1, the optical power entering the corresponding optical fiber of interface 1 is expressed as P f2 express: P f1 and P f2 The sum of the values ​​is denoted as P f , P f Recorded as the total power of the optical cable reflected light in the marked segment.

6. The logging-specific optical cable detection system based on big data according to claim 5 is characterized in that: Judging whether the marked segmented optical cable is damaged based on the total power of reflected light from the optical cable specifically includes the following process: Obtain the total power of reflected light from the undamaged optical cable, and determine whether the total power of reflected light from the undamaged optical cable is the same as the total power of reflected light from the marked segmented optical cable. If so, determine that the marked segmented optical cable is not damaged; if not, determine that the marked segmented optical cable is damaged.

7. The logging-specific optical cable detection system based on big data according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Generating environmental status representation values ​​based on environmental data specifically includes the following processes: Setting a plurality of environmental information detection nodes in the annotation segment; Detect and obtain first environmental data, second environmental data, and up to G-th environmental data, wherein the first environmental data includes a first temperature difference, a first pressure difference, and a first vibration frequency difference, and the G-th environmental data includes a G-th temperature difference, a G-th pressure difference, and a G-th vibration frequency difference, the temperature difference is the difference between the ambient temperature value of the optical cable of the current environmental detection node and a preset temperature value, the pressure difference is the difference between the pressure value to which the optical cable of the current environmental detection node is subjected and a preset pressure value, and the vibration frequency difference is the difference between the vibration frequency of the optical cable of the current environmental detection node and a preset vibration frequency; The first temperature difference, the first pressure difference and the first vibration frequency difference are summed to obtain the first node characterization coefficient, until the Gth node characterization coefficient is obtained; The environmental state representation value is obtained by summing up all the node representation coefficients.

8. The logging-specific optical cable detection system based on big data according to claim 7 is characterized in that: Based on the environmental status characterization value, it is determined whether the environment where the marked segmented optical cable is located meets the requirements of the optical cable working environment. The process includes: Load the environmental state characterization threshold value, which is stored in the system and set by the system. Determine whether the environmental state characterization value exceeds the environmental state characterization threshold value. If so, determine that the environment where the marked segmented optical cable is located does not meet the optical cable working environment requirements. If not, determine that the environment where the marked segmented optical cable is located meets the optical cable working environment requirements.

9. A method for detecting optical cables for well logging based on big data, characterized in that: A well logging optical cable detection system based on big data applicable to any one of claims 1 to 8, the method comprising: The pressure sensor measures the pressure value of the optical cable deployed in the oil and gas well, and marks the optical cable in sections based on the pressure value to obtain marked sections; Obtaining the optical cable azimuth information data of the marked segment, calculating the azimuth angle change value of the outer optical cable based on the optical cable azimuth information data, and judging whether the optical cable of the marked segment meets the azimuth angle change requirement of the well logging optical cable based on the azimuth angle change value; Obtain optical time domain reflection data corresponding to the marked segmented optical cable, analyze and process the optical time domain reflection data to obtain the total reflected light power of the marked segmented optical cable, and determine whether the marked segmented optical cable is damaged based on the total reflected light power of the optical cable; Obtain environmental data corresponding to the marked segmented optical cable, generate an environmental state characterization value based on the environmental data, and determine whether the environment where the marked segmented optical cable is located meets the optical cable working environment requirements based on the environmental state characterization value.

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