Full-link testing and calibration method and device for vertical directional millimeter wave ceilometer

Abstract

The invention discloses a full-link test and calibration method and device for a vertical directional millimeter wave ceilometer, and relates to the technical field of millimeter wave ceilometer detection, and the method comprises the steps: completing the internal test and calibration of the transmission power and system dynamic range of the millimeter wave ceilometer based on the set working parameters of the millimeter wave ceilometer, and obtaining a full-link test result of the millimeter wave ceilometer; adjusting the millimeter wave ceilometer to be in an observation state; adjusting the plane position of the unmanned aerial vehicle in the air until a reflection signal of the millimeter wave ceilometer has a maximum value, and obtaining power spectrum data and base data of the current position; based on the power spectrum data and the base data, the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter wave ceilometer is calculated; the millimeter wave ceilometer horizontal channel echo intensity is calibrated, parameter setting is performed on the millimeter wave ceilometer based on the calibrated echo intensity, observation data of different positions can be acquired within an effective detection distance, the observation data and theoretical data are compared and analyzed, and requirements of calibration feasibility and accuracy can be considered at the same time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of millimeter-wave cloud detectors, and particularly to a full-link test and calibration method and device for a vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector. Background Art

[0002] Since the vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector cannot rotate its antenna, during calibration, an aircraft with higher-precision positioning is required to position a metal sphere within the detection beam of the millimeter-wave cloud detector and keep it at a fixed position so that the millimeter-wave cloud detector can obtain effective data. However, foreign scholars have not carried out actual research and analysis on this type of millimeter-wave cloud detector. The development and application of millimeter-wave cloud detectors in China started relatively late. The calibration of millimeter-wave cloud detectors is mainly carried out by analyzing the parameters of a certain weather phenomenon detected by the millimeter-wave cloud detector and comparing them with the theoretical model. However, the variation ranges of the echo intensity, velocity, and spectral width corresponding to a certain typical weather phenomenon are very large, and the calibration results of millimeter-wave cloud detectors based on mathematical models or statistical analyses cannot accurately reflect the cloud structures of different underlying surface types. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present application is to provide a full-link test and calibration method and device for a vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector, which can obtain observation data at different positions within the effective detection range, compare and analyze them with theoretical data, and can simultaneously meet the requirements of calibration feasibility and accuracy.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present application provides a full-link test and calibration method for a vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector. The full-link test and calibration method for a vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector includes:

[0006] Set the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0007] Based on the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, control the millimeter-wave cloud detector to emit a horizontal electromagnetic wave with a preset width and operate in a single-transmission and double-reception state of horizontal transmission and simultaneous horizontal and vertical reception. After completing the internal test and calibration of the transmission power and system dynamic range of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, adjust the millimeter-wave cloud detector to the observation state.

[0008] Control the drone to fly directly above the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, so that the center of the metal ball is at a preset distance from the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector and in a stable state. Then, adjust the planar position of the drone in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter-wave cloud detector reaches the maximum value, and obtain the power spectrum data and basic data at the current position. The metal ball is connected to the drone by a long rope. The power spectrum data includes: the parameters and status information of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, and the data of the power change with frequency during the transmission and reception processes of the radar. The basic data includes: the transmission power, the echo signal intensity, the radial velocity, and the velocity spectrum width.

[0009] Based on the power spectrum data and the basic data, calculate the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0010] Calibrate the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector to obtain the calibrated echo intensity.

[0011] Based on the calibrated echo intensity, set the parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0012] Optionally, before the step of setting the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, the full-link test and calibration method for the vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector further includes:

[0013] Check the functions and status of the transmission, reception, and data processing components of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. After confirming that the status of each component is normal, turn on the device and run it, collect data to test the clutter interference situation around, and eliminate the areas where the clutter interference is greater than the preset threshold.

[0014] Optionally, before the step of setting the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, the full-link test and calibration method for the vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector further includes:

[0015] According to the observation data and products of the ground meteorological station, wind profiler radar, and meteorological sensors carried by the drone, select a weather condition with calm wind on the ground and calm wind in the lower atmosphere for calibration.

[0016] Optionally, before the step of setting the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, the full-link test and calibration method for the vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector further includes:

[0017] Check whether the battery power of the drone meets the flight requirements, perform various inspections before the drone takes off, calibrate the geomagnetic angle, and set the return point; according to the GPS information of the drone, plan the flight route of the drone.

[0018] Optionally, control the drone to fly directly above the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. After the center of the metal ball is at a preset distance from the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector and in a stable state, adjust the planar position of the drone in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter-wave cloud detector reaches the maximum value, and obtain the power spectrum data and base data at the current position, specifically including:

[0019] Control the drone to fly directly above the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. After the center of the metal ball is at the lowest calibration height from the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector and in a stable state, adjust the planar position of the drone in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter-wave cloud detector reaches the maximum value, and obtain the power spectrum data and base data at the current position.

[0020] Control the drone to vertically ascend by a preset height, and return to the step of "adjust the planar position of the drone in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter-wave cloud detector reaches the maximum value, and obtain the power spectrum data and base data at the current position" until the center of the metal ball is at the maximum height from the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0021] When the center of the metal ball is at the maximum height from the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, control the drone to vertically descend by a preset height, and return to the step of "adjust the planar position of the drone in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter-wave cloud detector reaches the maximum value, and obtain the power spectrum data and base data at the current position" until the center of the metal ball is at the lowest calibration height from the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0022] Optionally, the calculation formula for the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector is:

[0023]

[0024] where dBZ is the logarithmic form of the echo intensity; λ is the emission wavelength; P t is the transmission power; G is the antenna gain; θ is the azimuth resolution; is the elevation resolution; τ is the transmission pulse width; P r is the received signal power; L is the system feeder loss; R is the distance between the center of the metal ball and the millimeter-wave cloud detector; K r is the atmospheric two-way attenuation; c is the speed of light; π is the pi; |K| 2 is the dielectric constant; ψ is the filling coefficient.

[0025] Optionally, the calculation formula for the calibrated echo intensity is:

[0026] K co = Z0 / Z 测 ;

[0027] 10logK co = dBZ0 - dBZ 测;

[0028] Among them, K co is a correction coefficient; Z0 is the theoretical value of the equivalent reflectivity factor of the metal sphere reflection cross-sectional area; Z 测 is the measured value of the echo intensity of the metal sphere in the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector; dBZ0 is the logarithmic form of the theoretical value of the equivalent reflectivity factor of the metal sphere reflection cross-sectional area, that is, the echo intensity after calibration; dBZ 测 is the logarithmic form of the measured value of the echo intensity of the metal sphere in the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0029] In a second aspect, the present application provides a computer device, including: a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor executes the computer program to implement the full-link test and calibration method of the vertical-pointing millimeter-wave cloud detector described in any one of the above.

[0030] In a third aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the full-link test and calibration method of the vertical-pointing millimeter-wave cloud detector described in any one of the above.

[0031] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the full-link test and calibration method of the vertical-pointing millimeter-wave cloud detector described in any one of the above.

[0032] According to the specific embodiments provided by the present application, the following technical effects are disclosed by the present application:

[0033] The present application provides a full-link testing and calibration method and device for a vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector. First, set the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector; based on the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, control the millimeter-wave cloud detector to emit horizontal electromagnetic waves with a preset width and operate in a single-transmission and dual-reception state of horizontal transmission and simultaneous horizontal and vertical reception. After completing the internal testing and calibration of the transmission power and system dynamic range of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, adjust the millimeter-wave cloud detector to the observation state; secondly, control the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to fly directly above the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. After the center of the metal ball is at a preset distance from the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector and in a stable state, adjust the planar position of the UAV in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter-wave cloud detector appears at its maximum value, and obtain the power spectrum data and base data at the current position; thus, observation data at different positions can be obtained, improving the reliability of the data; finally, based on the power spectrum data and the base data, calculate the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector; calibrate the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector to obtain the calibrated echo intensity; based on the calibrated echo intensity, the parameter settings of the millimeter-wave cloud detector can be made. The present application uses the method of suspending a standard target by an aircraft for full-link calibration, which can obtain observation data at different positions within the effective detection range and compare and analyze them with theoretical data, and can simultaneously meet the requirements of calibration feasibility and accuracy. Description of the Drawings

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0035] Figure 1 It is an application environment diagram of a full-link testing and calibration method for a vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 2 It is a flowchart of a full-link testing and calibration method for a vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the testing and calibration of a millimeter-wave cloud detector with a balloon as the carrier provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the testing and calibration of a millimeter-wave cloud detector with a multi-rotor UAV as the carrier provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a computer device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0040] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0041] To make the above objects, features, and advantages of the present application more obvious and understandable, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific implementation manners.

[0042] For a vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector, the method of hanging a standard target by an aircraft is used for full-link calibration. Within the effective detection range, observation data at different positions are obtained and compared and analyzed with the theoretical data, which can simultaneously meet the requirements of calibration feasibility and accuracy. Therefore, carrying out this calibration work has very important practical value.

[0043] The full-link test and calibration method for the vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector provided by the embodiments of the present application can be applied, for example, to Figure 1In the application environment shown. Among them, the terminal 102 communicates with the server 104 through the network. The data storage system can store the data that the server 104 needs to process. The data storage system can be set separately, integrated on the server 104, placed on the cloud or other servers. The terminal 102 can send the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector to the server 104. After receiving the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, the server 104, based on the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, controls the millimeter-wave cloud detector to emit a horizontal electromagnetic wave with a preset width and operate in a single-transmission and double-reception state of horizontal transmission, horizontal and vertical simultaneous reception. After completing the internal test and calibration of the transmission power and system dynamic range of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, the millimeter-wave cloud detector is adjusted to the observation state; the drone is controlled to fly directly above the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. After the center of the metal ball is at a preset distance from the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector and in a stable state, the plane position of the drone in the air is adjusted until the maximum value of the reflected signal of the millimeter-wave cloud detector appears, and the power spectrum data and basic data of the current position are obtained; the metal ball is connected to the drone through a long rope; the power spectrum data includes: the parameters and status information of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, and the data of the power change with frequency during the transmission and reception of the radar; the basic data includes: transmission power, echo signal intensity, radial velocity, and velocity spectrum width; based on the power spectrum data and the basic data, the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector is calculated; the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector is calibrated to obtain the calibrated echo intensity; based on the calibrated echo intensity, the parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector are set. The server 104 can feedback the obtained calibrated echo intensity to the terminal 102. In addition, in some embodiments, the full-link test and calibration method of the vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector can also be implemented separately by the server 104 or the terminal 102. For example, the terminal 102 can directly perform the full-link test and calibration of the vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector for the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, or the server 104 can obtain the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector from the data storage system and perform the full-link test and calibration of the vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector for the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0044] Among them, the terminal 102 can be, but is not limited to, various desktop computers, laptop computers, smart phones, and tablet computers. The server 104 can be implemented by an independent server or a server cluster composed of multiple servers, and can also be a cloud server.

[0045] In an exemplary embodiment, such as Figure 2As shown, a full-link test and calibration method for a vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector is provided. This method is executed by a computer device, which can be specifically executed by a computer device such as a terminal or a server alone, or jointly executed by a terminal and a server. In the embodiments of the present application, taking the application of this method to Figure 1 server 104 in

[0046] S1: Set the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector;

[0047] S2: Based on the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, control the millimeter-wave cloud detector to emit a horizontally electromagnetic wave with a preset width and operate in a single-shot dual-receive state of horizontal transmission and simultaneous horizontal and vertical reception. After completing the internal test and calibration of the transmission power and system dynamic range of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, adjust the millimeter-wave cloud detector to the observation state.

[0048] S3: Control the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to fly directly above the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. After the center of the metal ball is at a preset distance from the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector and in a stable state, adjust the plane position of the UAV in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter-wave cloud detector appears at its maximum value, and obtain the power spectrum data and basic data at the current position; the metal ball is connected to the UAV by a long rope; the power spectrum data includes: the parameters and status information of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, and the data of the power change with frequency during the transmission and reception of the radar; the basic data includes: the transmission power, the echo signal intensity, the radial velocity, and the velocity spectrum width.

[0049] S4: Based on the power spectrum data and the basic data, calculate the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0050] S5: Calibrate the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector to obtain the calibrated echo intensity.

[0051] S6: Based on the calibrated echo intensity, perform parameter setting on the millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0052] By implementing the above steps S1 to S6, the present application uses the method of suspending a standard target by an aircraft for full-link calibration, obtains the observation data at different positions within the effective detection distance, and compares and analyzes it with the theoretical data, which can simultaneously meet the requirements of calibration feasibility and accuracy.

[0053] As an optional implementation manner, before step S1, the full-link test and calibration method for the vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector further includes: preparation of the millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0054] Check the functions and status of the transmitting, receiving, and data - processing components of the millimeter - wave cloud detector. After confirming that the status of each component is normal, power on and run, collect data to test the clutter interference situation around, and eliminate the areas where the clutter interference is greater than the preset threshold.

[0055] As an alternative implementation, before step S1, the full - link test and calibration method for the vertically - directed millimeter - wave cloud detector further includes: selecting appropriate flight meteorological conditions.

[0056] The metal sphere is easily affected by the horizontal wind. The farther the metal sphere is from the millimeter - wave cloud detector and the greater the wind speed, the greater the swing amplitude of the metal sphere. To ensure the accuracy and stability of the calibration data, according to the observation data and products of the ground meteorological station, wind profiler radar, and meteorological sensors carried by the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV), the calibration is carried out on a windless ground and calm lower - layer atmosphere day.

[0057] As an alternative implementation, before step S1, the full - link test and calibration method for the vertically - directed millimeter - wave cloud detector further includes: preparing the UAV.

[0058] Check whether the battery power of the UAV meets the flight requirements, perform various inspections before the UAV takes off, geomagnetic angle calibration, and set the return point; according to the UAV's GPS information, plan the UAV flight route.

[0059] As an alternative implementation, in step S3, it specifically includes:

[0060] S31: Control the UAV to fly directly above the antenna of the millimeter - wave cloud detector. After the center of the metal sphere is at the lowest calibration height from the antenna of the millimeter - wave cloud detector and in a stable state, adjust the UAV's horizontal position in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter - wave cloud detector reaches the maximum value, and obtain the power - spectrum data and basic data at the current position.

[0061] S32: Control the UAV to vertically ascend a preset height, and return to the step of "adjust the UAV's horizontal position in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter - wave cloud detector reaches the maximum value, and obtain the power - spectrum data and basic data at the current position" until the center of the metal sphere is at the maximum height from the antenna of the millimeter - wave cloud detector.

[0062] S33: When the center of the metal sphere is at the maximum height from the antenna of the millimeter - wave cloud detector, control the UAV to vertically descend a preset height, and return to the step of "adjust the UAV's horizontal position in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter - wave cloud detector reaches the maximum value, and obtain the power - spectrum data and basic data at the current position" until the center of the metal sphere is at the lowest calibration height from the antenna of the millimeter - wave cloud detector.

[0063] In another exemplary embodiment of the present application, during the flight calibration process, it specifically includes the following steps:

[0064] (1) According to the relationship between the backscattering cross-section of the metal sphere and the wavelength of the millimeter-wave cloud radar, that is, the radius a of the metal sphere and the wavelength of the millimeter-wave cloud radar should conform to a linear relationship. In practice, in order to reduce the interference of external factors on calibration, generally, πa >> 10λ is selected. At the same time, considering the factors of the drone's load and endurance, an aluminum metal sphere with a diameter of 26 cm and a roundness of 99.95% is selected, so that the backscattering cross-section of the metal sphere is distributed in the geometric optical scattering region. At the same time, a long rope with a length exceeding twice the distance resolution (30 m) of the millimeter-wave cloud radar is connected under the drone to ensure that the drone and the metal sphere are not in the same distance bin of the millimeter-wave cloud radar in the vertical direction, reducing the interference of the drone on the echo signal of the millimeter-wave cloud radar. The metal sphere is equipped with a real-time positioning device to obtain the longitude, latitude, and altitude information of the metal sphere in real time. When the change angles of the longitude, latitude, and dimension of the metal sphere are less than 1° and the altitude change is less than 1 m within 60 s, it is considered that the metal sphere is in a stable state, and the longitude, latitude, and altitude information of the center of the metal sphere at this time are measured and recorded.

[0065] (2) Power on each subsystem of the millimeter-wave cloud radar, open the signal processing software of the millimeter-wave cloud radar, set the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud radar, control the millimeter-wave cloud radar to emit horizontal electromagnetic waves with a width of 0.2 us, and work in the single-shot dual-receive state of horizontal transmission, horizontal and vertical simultaneous reception. After completing the internal test and calibration of the transmission power and system dynamic range of the millimeter-wave cloud radar, adjust the millimeter-wave cloud radar to the observation state. The specific settings of the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud radar are shown in Table 1:

[0066] Table 1 Working Parameters of Millimeter-Wave Cloud Radar

[0067]

[0068]

[0069] (3) Control the drone to fly directly above the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. The center of the metal ball is at a height of 1000 meters from the ground. At the same time, slightly adjust the horizontal position of the drone in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter-wave cloud detector reaches the maximum value. Keep the drone hovering at this position for 30 seconds. Meanwhile, close the signal processing software, open the main control software, control the millimeter-wave cloud detector to work with a 0.2 μs emission waveform, and record the power spectrum data and basic data. The beam width of the millimeter-wave cloud detector is 0.4°. The beam width gradually widens with height. The farther the metal ball is from the millimeter-wave cloud detector, the easier it is to be within the main beam of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. Considering factors such as the drone's battery life and near-ground interference, select a height of 730 m from the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector as the lowest calibration height. After controlling the drone to fly so that the center of the metal ball is 730 m away from the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector and is in a stable state, until the reflected signal of the millimeter-wave cloud detector reaches the maximum value, keep the drone hovering at this position for 30 seconds. Meanwhile, close the signal processing software, open the main control software, control the millimeter-wave cloud detector to work with a 0.2 μs emission waveform, and record the power spectrum data and basic data; then control the drone to rise vertically, hover stably for 30 seconds every 30 meters to obtain the data at this height until the center of the metal ball reaches the maximum height from the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. To increase the sample and credibility of the data, control the drone to descend every 30 meters from the maximum height at intervals of 30 meters and obtain the observation data at the same heights as above again.

[0070] (4) Process the power spectrum data and basic data, and calculate the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. The definition of the echo intensity is the sum of the sixth powers of the diameters of cloud and precipitation particles per unit volume. Assume that N(D) is the rain (cloud) drop spectrum distribution per unit volume (N(D) is the number density of particles with diameters between D and D + dD), that is, the functional relationship between the number of particles per unit volume and the particle diameter. Obtain the calculation formula for the echo intensity with respect to the drop spectrum distribution:

[0071]

[0072] where D is the diameter of the number density of particles; i is the i-th particle; λ is the emission wavelength; P t is the transmission power; G is the antenna gain; θ is the azimuth resolution; is the elevation angle resolution; τ is the transmission pulse width; P r is the received signal power; L is the system feeder loss; R is the distance between the center of the metal ball and the millimeter-wave cloud detector; K r is the atmospheric two-way attenuation; c is the speed of light; π is the ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter; |K| 2 is the dielectric constant; ψ is the filling coefficient.

[0073] Its logarithmic expression (the calculation formula for the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector) is:

[0074]

[0075] The meanings of the parameters are shown in Table 2. Among them, parameters such as emission wavelength, emission pulse width, emission power, antenna gain, azimuth resolution, elevation resolution, system feeder loss, and distance are all obtained through actual tests, while parameters such as two-way atmospheric attenuation, speed of light, pi, and dielectric constant all adopt fixed constants.

[0076] Table 2 Parameter Table of the Millimeter-Wave Cloud Detector Equation

[0077]

[0078] According to formula (2), data such as the ranging, echo intensity, and velocity of the millimeter-wave cloud detector are retrieved from the power spectrum data and the base data. The theoretical value Z0 of the equivalent reflectivity factor of the metal sphere's reflection cross-sectional area and the measured value Z of the echo intensity in the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector are compared. 测 , and the standard expression and logarithmic expression (the calculation formula for the calibrated echo intensity) between the two are respectively:

[0079] K co = Z0 / Z 测 (3);

[0080] 10logK co = dBZ0 - dBZ 测 (4);

[0081] Among them, K co is the correction coefficient; Z0 is the theoretical value of the equivalent reflectivity factor of the metal sphere's reflection cross-sectional area; Z 测 is the measured value of the echo intensity of the metal sphere in the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector; dBZ0 is the logarithmic form of the theoretical value of the equivalent reflectivity factor of the metal sphere's reflection cross-sectional area, that is, the calibrated echo intensity; dBZ 测 is the logarithmic form of the measured value of the echo intensity of the metal sphere in the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0082] Adding the correction coefficient of 10logK 测 to the actually measured dBZ co realizes the calibration of the echo intensity of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, and accordingly corrects the parameter settings of the echo intensity of the millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0083] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, where Ra represents the radius of the metal sphere and R represents the distance from the center of the metal sphere to the center of the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. The specific operation process is as follows:

[0084] After the balloon is inflated, it ascends with a radiosonde and a metal ball. The radiosonde is used to obtain atmospheric information such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, and wind direction. After the metal ball reaches a certain height, the balloon is fixed with a long rope under the metal ball. The millimeter-wave cloud detector obtains the signal strength of the metal ball. By adjusting the release height of the balloon, the position of the metal ball is adjusted, and the signal values of the metal balls at different positions are obtained to complete the test and calibration of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. The balloon moves passively with the wind speed and wind direction of the atmosphere and cannot be accurately positioned. Moreover, the hardness of the rope cannot ensure that the balloon stays suspended for a long time, thus affecting the accuracy of the test and calibration data.

[0085] In an exemplary embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, where ΔR represents the distance between the center of the metal ball and the drone, and H represents the distance between the center of the metal ball and the center of the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. The longitude, latitude, and altitude information of the metal ball are obtained in real time and fed back to the ground receiving device. This information is used to reconfigure the relevant parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector to accurately obtain the position of the metal ball and the test signal. The specific operation process is as shown above and will not be elaborated here.

[0086] The advantages and disadvantages of using a balloon and a drone as carriers of the metal ball are compared in Table 3.

[0087] Table 3 Comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of using a balloon and a drone as carriers of the metal ball

[0088] Balloon solution Drone solution Radar tracking difficulty Large Small Hover time Long Short Cost (construction cost) High Average Environmental requirements High Average Site requirements Average Low

[0089] The present application also provides an application scenario, which applies the above-mentioned full-link test and calibration method for a vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector. Specifically: The full-link test and calibration method for a vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector provided in this embodiment can be applied to the detection scenario of a millimeter-wave cloud detector. The detection scenario of a millimeter-wave cloud detector includes: the working parameter setting link of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, the observation state adjustment link of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, the position adjustment link, the echo intensity calculation link, the calibration link, and the parameter setting link; First, set the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector; Based on the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, control the millimeter-wave cloud detector to emit a horizontally polarized electromagnetic wave with a preset width and operate in a single-transmission and double-reception state of horizontal transmission and simultaneous horizontal and vertical reception. After completing the internal test and calibration of the transmission power and system dynamic range of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, adjust the millimeter-wave cloud detector to the observation state; Secondly, control the unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) to fly directly above the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. After the center of the metal sphere is at a preset distance from the antenna of the millimeter-wave cloud detector and in a stable state, adjust the plane position of the UAV in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter-wave cloud detector reaches the maximum value, and obtain the power spectrum data and basic data at the current position; The metal sphere is connected to the UAV by a long rope; The power spectrum data includes: the parameters and status information of the millimeter-wave cloud detector, and the data of the power change with frequency during the transmission and reception of the radar; The basic data includes: transmission power, echo signal intensity, radial velocity, and velocity spectrum width; Finally, based on the power spectrum data and the basic data, calculate the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector; Calibrate the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter-wave cloud detector to obtain the calibrated echo intensity; Based on the calibrated echo intensity, set the parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0090] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is provided. The computer device can be a server or a terminal, and its internal structure diagram can be as Figure 5As shown in the figure. The computer device includes a processor, a memory, an input / output interface (Input / Output, abbreviated as I / O), and a communication interface. Among them, the processor, the memory, and the input / output interface are connected through a system bus, and the communication interface is connected to the system bus through the input / output interface. Among them, the processor of the computer device is used to provide computing and control capabilities. The memory of the computer device includes a non-volatile storage medium and an internal memory. The non-volatile storage medium stores an operating system, a computer program, and a database. The internal memory provides an environment for the operation of the operating system and the computer program in the non-volatile storage medium. The database of the computer device is used to store the working parameters of the millimeter-wave cloud detector. The input / output interface of the computer device is used to exchange information between the processor and external devices. The communication interface of the computer device is used to communicate with an external terminal through a network connection. When the computer program is executed by the processor, it implements a full-link test and calibration method for a vertically directed millimeter-wave cloud detector.

[0091] Those skilled in the art can understand that Figure 5 the structure shown in the figure is only a block diagram of some structures related to the solution of the present application, and does not constitute a limitation on the computer device to which the solution of the present application is applied. The specific computer device may include more or fewer components than those shown in the figure, or combine some components, or have different component arrangements.

[0092] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer device is further provided, including a memory and a processor. A computer program is stored in the memory, and when the processor executes the computer program, the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0093] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, storing a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0094] In an exemplary embodiment, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the above-mentioned method embodiments are implemented.

[0095] It should be noted that the user information (including but not limited to user device information, user personal information, etc.) and data (including but not limited to data for analysis, stored data, displayed data, etc.) involved in the present application are all information and data authorized by the user or fully authorized by all parties, and the collection, use, and processing of relevant data need to comply with relevant regulations.

[0096] Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a non-volatile computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed, it can include the processes of the embodiments of the above methods. Among them, any reference to a memory, database, or other medium used in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memories. Non-volatile memory can include read-only memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash memory, optical memory, high-density embedded non-volatile memory, resistive random access memory (ReRAM), magnetoresistive random access memory (MRAM), ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM), phase change memory (PCM), graphene memory, etc. Volatile memory can include random access memory (RAM) or external cache memory, etc. By way of illustration and not limitation, RAM can be in various forms, such as static random access memory (SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (DRAM), etc.

[0097] The databases involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can include at least one of relational databases and non-relational databases. Non-relational databases can include distributed databases based on blockchain, etc., without limitation. The processors involved in the embodiments provided in the present application can be general-purpose processors, central processors, graphics processors, digital signal processors, programmable logic devices, data processing logics based on quantum computing, etc., without limitation.

[0098] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered to be within the scope described in this specification.

[0099] Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principles and implementation manners of the present application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of the present application; at the same time, for those of ordinary skill in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there will be changes in the specific implementation manners and application scopes. In summary, the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.

Claims

1. A full-link test and calibration method for a vertically pointing millimeter-wave cloud meter, characterized in that: The full-link test and calibration method of the vertically pointing millimeter wave cloud meter includes: Set the millimeter wave cloud meter working parameters; Based on the working parameters of the millimeter wave cloud meter, the millimeter wave cloud meter is controlled to transmit horizontal electromagnetic waves of a preset width, and to work in a single-transmit dual-receive state of horizontal transmission and horizontal and vertical simultaneous reception, and after completing internal testing and calibration of the transmission power and system dynamic range of the millimeter wave cloud meter, the millimeter wave cloud meter is adjusted to be in an observation state; The drone is controlled to fly to the sky directly above the millimeter wave cloud meter antenna, so that the center of the metal ball is at a preset distance from the millimeter wave cloud meter antenna and is in a stable state, and then the plane position of the drone in the air is adjusted until the reflection signal of the millimeter wave cloud meter reaches a maximum value, and the power spectrum data and base data of the current position are obtained; the metal ball is connected to the drone through a long rope; the power spectrum data includes: millimeter wave cloud meter parameters and status information, and data on the power change of the radar with frequency during the transmission and reception process; the base data includes: transmission power, echo signal strength, radial velocity and velocity spectrum width; Based on the power spectrum data and the base data, the echo intensity of the millimeter wave cloud meter horizontal channel is calculated; Calibrate the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter wave cloud meter to obtain the calibrated echo intensity; Based on the calibrated echo intensity, parameters of the millimeter wave cloud meter are set.

2. The full-link test and calibration method of a vertically pointing millimeter wave cloud meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before the step of setting the millimeter wave cloud meter working parameters, the vertical pointing millimeter wave cloud meter full-link test and calibration method further includes: Check the functions and status of the millimeter wave cloud meter's transmitting, receiving and data processing components. After confirming that each component is in normal status, start the machine and run it. Collect data to test the surrounding clutter interference and eliminate areas where the clutter interference is greater than the preset threshold.

3. The full-link test and calibration method of a vertically pointing millimeter wave cloud meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before the step of setting the millimeter wave cloud meter working parameters, the vertical pointing millimeter wave cloud meter full-link test and calibration method further includes: Based on the observation data and products from ground meteorological stations, wind profiler radars and meteorological sensors carried by drones, calibration is carried out in weather with no wind on the ground and calm wind in the lower atmosphere.

4. The full-link test and calibration method of a vertically pointing millimeter wave cloud meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Before the step of setting the millimeter wave cloud meter working parameters, the vertical pointing millimeter wave cloud meter full-link test and calibration method further includes: Check whether the power level of the drone battery meets the flight requirements, perform various inspections before the drone takes off, calibrate the geomagnetic angle, and set the return point; plan the drone flight route based on the drone GPS information.

5. The full-link test and calibration method of a vertically pointing millimeter wave cloud meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The drone is controlled to fly directly above the millimeter wave cloud meter antenna, so that the center of the metal ball is at a preset distance from the millimeter wave cloud meter antenna and is in a stable state, and the plane position of the drone in the air is adjusted until the reflected signal of the millimeter wave cloud meter reaches a maximum value, and the power spectrum data and base data of the current position are obtained, specifically including: Control the drone to fly directly above the millimeter wave cloud meter antenna, so that the center of the metal ball is at a minimum calibration height from the millimeter wave cloud meter antenna and is in a stable state, adjust the plane position of the drone in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter wave cloud meter reaches a maximum value, and obtain power spectrum data and base data at the current position; Control the drone to rise vertically to a preset height, and return to the step of "adjusting the plane position of the drone in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter-wave cloud meter reaches a maximum value, and obtaining the power spectrum data and base data of the current position", until the center of the metal ball is at the maximum height from the millimeter-wave cloud meter antenna; When the center of the metal ball is at the maximum height with the millimeter wave cloud meter antenna, the UAV is controlled to vertically descend to a preset height, and the process returns to the step of "adjusting the plane position of the UAV in the air until the reflected signal of the millimeter wave cloud meter reaches a maximum value, and obtaining the power spectrum data and base data at the current position" until the center of the metal ball is at the minimum calibrated height with the millimeter wave cloud meter antenna.

6. The full-link test and calibration method of a vertically pointing millimeter wave cloud meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the echo intensity of the horizontal channel of the millimeter wave cloud meter is: Wherein, dBZ is the logarithmic form of echo intensity; λ is the emission wavelength; P t is the transmission power; G is the antenna gain; θ is the azimuth resolution; is the pitch angle resolution; τ is the transmit pulse width; P r is the received signal power; L is the system feeder loss; R is the distance between the center of the metal ball and the millimeter wave cloud meter; K r is the atmospheric two-way attenuation; c is the speed of light; π is the circumference of a circle; |K| 2 is the dielectric constant; ψ is the filling coefficient.

7. The full-link testing and calibration method of a vertically pointing millimeter wave cloud meter according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The calculation formula of the echo intensity after calibration is: K co =Z0 / Z 测 ; 10logK co =dBZ0-dBZ 测 ; Among them, K co is the correction coefficient; Z0 is the theoretical value of the equivalent reflectivity factor of the metal sphere reflection cross-sectional area; Z 测 is the echo intensity measurement value of the metal ball in the horizontal channel of the millimeter wave cloud meter; dBZ0 is the logarithmic form of the theoretical value of the equivalent reflectivity factor of the reflection cross-sectional area of ​​the metal ball, that is, the echo intensity after calibration; dBZ 测 It is the logarithmic form of the echo intensity measurement value of the metal ball in the horizontal channel of the millimeter wave cloud meter.

8. A computer device comprising: A memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the full-link test and calibration method for a vertically pointing millimeter-wave cloud meter as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the full-link test and calibration method of the vertically pointing millimeter-wave cloud meter described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer program product, comprising a computer program, characterized in that When the computer program is executed by a processor, the full-link test and calibration method of the vertically pointing millimeter-wave cloud meter described in any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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