Modularized laparoscope training examination system

Abstract

The invention discloses a modular laparoscope training and checking system, and belongs to the technical field of medical teaching or demonstration tools. The puncture outfit comprises a puncture outfit module, the puncture outfit module comprises a puncture needle and a sleeve arranged on the puncture needle in a sleeving mode, and the sleeve comprises a flexible sleeve with the variable hole diameter; the abdominal cavity module adopts a simulated human body abdominal cavity model, and the abdomen of the human body abdominal cavity model is composed of a memory alloy net which is arranged on the inner layer and used for supporting and a replaceable silica gel sheet which covers the surface of the memory alloy net. The puncture outfit module with the variable hole diameter is adopted, puncture outfits with different hole diameters can be simulated by means of one puncture outfit, the puncture requirements of a multi-hole laparoscope and a single-hole laparoscope are met, and the hole diameter can be rapidly enlarged in a clinical operation to take out a cut sample; a memory alloy net is adopted in the inner layer of the abdominal cavity module, muscle layer supporting force is simulated, the requirement for providing a laparoscopic surgery operation space under the pneumoperitoneum-free condition is met, and meshes of the memory alloy net can be expanded and automatically recovered.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a modular laparoscopic training and assessment system, belonging to the technical field of medical teaching or demonstration tools. Background Art

[0002] Laparoscopic surgery is a minimally invasive surgery that requires surgeons to have precise operation skills and rich practical experience. The content of laparoscopic training and assessment covers the basic operations of laparoscopic surgery and multiple aspects of complex surgeries, aiming to help surgeons improve their operation ability through a simulated environment. The main training items include techniques such as abdominal cavity puncturing, laparoscopic instrument operation, intestinal resection and anastomosis, tissue separation and cutting, laparoscopic suture and ligation, etc.

[0003] Although existing laparoscopic training models can simulate the surgical environment to a certain extent, their simulation degree is still not high. For example, the current simulation human structure is difficult to support puncture holes being opened at any position. Traditional laparoscopic training models usually preset fixed puncture hole positions and perforation sizes, which cannot be flexibly adjusted, restricting the adaptability of trainees to different operation positions. In reality, laparoscopic surgery may require multiple puncture operations at different abdominal positions, and the opening size generally ranges from 12 to 60 mm. Therefore, a more realistic laparoscopic training abdominal human model is needed. In addition, it is also difficult to evaluate the anastomosis degree in the training of intestinal resection and anastomosis. This is because existing training simulation systems do not have a mechanism to check the anastomosis degree of the sutured intestinal tube, lacking real-time detection and feedback on the anastomosis quality. This makes it impossible for trainees to effectively understand whether the anastomosis meets the standard requirements during intestinal anastomosis operations, thus affecting the training effect and the improvement of operation skills.

[0004] Therefore, designing a modular laparoscopic training and assessment system, which improves the simulation degree of laparoscopic training and increases assessment feedback, can significantly improve the training effect of trainees. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is: to provide a modular laparoscopic training and assessment system, which solves the problem that the simulation degree of the current laparoscopic training model needs to be further improved.

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0007] A modular laparoscopic training and assessment system, which includes:

[0008] A trocar module, the trocar module includes a trocar needle and a cannula sleeved on the trocar needle, the cannula includes a flexible cannula with a variable aperture, and a regulator for adjusting the aperture size of the flexible cannula;

[0009] The abdominal cavity module adopts a simulated human abdominal cavity model, and the abdomen of the human abdominal cavity model is composed of an inner layer memory alloy mesh for support and a replaceable silicone skin covering the surface of the memory alloy mesh.

[0010] Preferably, the flexible sleeve is a silicone sleeve, and a plurality of metal rods are pre-buried in the tube body of the silicone sleeve along the axial direction. The regulator drives all the metal rods to gather or spread to change the aperture of the flexible sleeve.

[0011] Preferably, the regulator comprises a hollow shell, a fixed ring fixed to the bottom of the shell, a rotating ring coaxially suspended above the fixed ring, and a plurality of identical sector blocks arranged between the fixed ring and the rotating ring and assembled into a circular ring, a driving rod being vertically fixed to one side of the sector block, a follower rod being vertically fixed to the middle of the other side of the sector block, and the metal rod being vertically fixed near the tip, the rotating ring is provided with first sliding grooves which are the same in number as the sector blocks and gradually move away from the center, the driving rod is placed in the first sliding groove, the fixed ring is provided with second sliding grooves which are the same in number as the sector blocks and gradually move away from the center, the follower rod is placed in the second sliding groove The rotating ring is driven to rotate forward and reversely by adjusting the driving mechanism in the groove. When the rotating ring presses the driving rod away from the center through the first sliding groove, the follower rod is forced to gradually move away from the center in the second sliding groove, and the tips of all the sector blocks are deflected and away from the center, the center hole surrounded by the sector blocks becomes larger, and the aperture of the flexible sleeve surrounded by the metal rods becomes larger accordingly. When the rotating ring presses the driving rod close to the center through the first sliding groove, the follower rod is forced to gradually move closer to the center in the second sliding groove, and the tips of all the sector blocks are therefore rotated and close to the center, the center hole surrounded by the sector blocks becomes smaller, and the aperture of the flexible sleeve surrounded by the metal rods becomes smaller accordingly.

[0012] Preferably, the adjustment drive mechanism adopts a fastening bolt, the shell is provided with a scale slot corresponding to the position of the rotating ring, the edge of the scale slot is provided with an aperture size scale, and the fastening bolt passes through the scale slot and is screwed and fixed to the side of the internal rotating ring.

[0013] Preferably, the memory alloy mesh is formed by weaving a plurality of wavy memory metal strips, and every two adjacent wavy memory metal strips are symmetrically contacted and connected at the contact point.

[0014] Preferably, the cross section of the wavy memory metal strip is rectangular, and when the memory alloy mesh is laid flat, the cross section of the wavy memory metal strip has a vertical length greater than a horizontal width.

[0015] Preferably, an assessment module is installed in the abdominal cavity of the human abdominal cavity model, and the assessment module includes a simulated intestinal tract for intestinal resection and anastomosis training, an air-liquid conduit sealed and connected to the end of the simulated intestinal tract and used to ventilate or liquid the simulated intestinal tract, and an intestinal tract driving mechanism for driving the peristalsis of the simulated intestinal tract.

[0016] Preferably, the intestinal tube driving mechanism includes a motor, a rotating wheel, an eccentric shaft, a connecting rod, and a pair of hollow intestinal tube fixing seats. The pair of hollow intestinal tube fixing seats are symmetrically and hingedly fixed inside the abdominal cavity of the human abdominal cavity model. The two ends of the simulated intestinal tube are respectively and hermetically connected to the hollow intestinal tube fixing seats. The two ends of the simulated intestinal tube are respectively connected to the gas-liquid conduit through the hollow intestinal tube fixing seats. One end of the connecting rod is fixed on the hollow intestinal tube fixing seat, and a long circular hole is provided at the other end of the connecting rod. The motor is fixed inside the abdominal cavity of the human abdominal cavity model, a rotating wheel is fixed on the rotating shaft of the motor, and an eccentric shaft is arranged on the rotating wheel. The eccentric shaft is movably installed in the long circular hole of the connecting rod.

[0017] Preferably, a liquid storage tray is arranged at the bottom between the pair of hollow intestinal tube fixing seats.

[0018] Preferably, the gas-liquid conduit at one end of the simulated intestinal tube is connected to a gas pump or a liquid pump capable of providing a stable output pressure, and the gas-liquid conduit at the other end of the simulated intestinal tube is connected to a damper for simulating the pressure of the human intestinal tube.

[0019] Preferably, a pressure gauge is connected to the gas-liquid conduit.

[0020] Preferably, a video acquisition module is installed on the human abdominal cavity model. The video acquisition module includes at least one camera installed inside the abdominal cavity of the human abdominal cavity model and a display screen installed outside the abdominal cavity for displaying the images captured by the camera.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] (1) By adopting the trocar module with variable apertures, different aperture trocars can be simulated by relying on a set of trocars, meeting the requirements of multi-port and single-port laparoscopic punctures. In clinical operations, the aperture can also be quickly enlarged to remove the excised samples, and can be quickly restored after the aperture is reduced.

[0023] (2) The inner layer of the abdominal cavity module adopts a shape memory alloy mesh to simulate the supporting force of the muscle layer, meeting the requirement of providing a space for laparoscopic surgery under the condition of non-pneumoperitoneum. Moreover, the mesh holes of the shape memory alloy mesh can be expanded and automatically restored. The outer layer of the abdominal cavity module is covered with a medical silicone skin to simulate the touch of the real abdominal wall, and can be punctured and sutured. The silicone skin can be detached and replaced. The double-layer abdominal cavity module not only has a high degree of simulation, but also can perform abdominal cavity puncture training and assessment at any position.

[0024] (3) The assessment module includes intestinal resection and anastomosis. The intestinal tube driving mechanism is used to drive the simulated intestinal tube to peristalsis, and the anastomosis degree is checked through the gas-liquid conduit.

[0025] (4) Through real-time video recording by the video acquisition module, leakage detection is carried out to provide an objective assessment standard for subsequent scoring. Description of the Drawings

[0026] Figure 1Schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic structural diagram of a human abdominal cavity model;

[0028] Figure 3 Exploded schematic structural diagram of a trocar module regulator;

[0029] Figure 4 Schematic structural diagram of the assembled trocar module regulator;

[0030] Figure 5 Schematic structural diagram when the trocar module is performing puncture;

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic internal structural diagram of the trocar module regulator;

[0032] Figure 7 Schematic structural diagram of the flexible cannula of the trocar module after the aperture is enlarged;

[0033] Figure 8 Top view schematic structural diagram of the regulator in the minimum central hole state;

[0034] Figure 9 Bottom view schematic structural diagram of the regulator in the minimum central hole state;

[0035] Figure 10 Schematic structural diagram of the assembly of the flexible cannula and the metal rod;

[0036] Figure 11 Schematic structural diagram of the assembly of the flexible cannula, the metal rod and the regulator;

[0037] Figure 12 Internal schematic structural diagram of the regulator in the minimum central hole state with the fixing ring hidden;

[0038] Figure 13 Internal schematic structural diagram of the regulator with the fixing ring hidden and the central hole gradually enlarged;

[0039] Figure 14 Top view schematic structural diagram of the regulator in the maximum central hole state;

[0040] Figure 15 Schematic structural diagram of the assessment module located inside the human abdominal cavity model;

[0041] Figure 16 Schematic structural diagram of the intestinal drive mechanism.

[0042] In the figure:

[0043] 1. Trocar module; 101. Puncture needle; 102. Flexible cannula; 103. Metal rod; 104. Flexible film ring; 105. Mounting ring

[0044] 2. Abdominal cavity module; 201. Human abdominal cavity model; 202. Shape memory alloy mesh; 203. Silicone skin; 204. Liquid storage tray;

[0045] 3. Assessment module; 301. Simulated intestinal tube; 302. Gas-liquid conduit;

[0046] 4. Video acquisition module; 401. Camera;

[0047] 5. Regulator; 501. Housing; 502. Fixed ring; 503. Rotating ring; 504. Sector block; 505. Driving rod; 506. Follow-up rod; 507. First chute; 508. Second chute; 509. Scale chute;

[0048] 6. Intestinal tube driving mechanism; 601. Motor; 602. Rotating wheel; 603. Eccentric shaft; 604. Connecting rod; 605. Hollow intestinal tube fixing seat; 606. Elongated circular hole;

[0049] 7. Adjusting driving mechanism; 701. Tightening bolt. Detailed implementation mode

[0050] In order to clearly understand the technical means, creative features, achieved purposes and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below with reference to specific drawings.

[0051] As Figure 1 shown, this modular laparoscopic training and assessment system includes a trocar module 1 and an abdominal cavity module 2.

[0052] As Figure 2 shown, the abdominal cavity module 2 adopts a simulated human abdominal cavity model 201. The abdomen of the human abdominal cavity model 201 is composed of an inner shape memory alloy mesh 202 for support and a replaceable silicone skin 203 covering the surface of the shape memory alloy mesh 202.

[0053] The inner layer of the abdominal cavity module 2 uses a shape memory alloy mesh 202 to simulate the supporting force of the muscle layer, providing a space for laparoscopic surgery operation under the condition of no pneumoperitoneum. Moreover, the mesh holes of the shape memory alloy mesh 202 can be expanded and automatically restored. The outer layer of the abdominal cavity module 2 is covered with a medical silicone skin 203 to simulate the touch of the real abdominal wall, and can be punctured and sutured. The silicone skin 203 is detachable and replaceable. The double-layer abdominal cavity module 2 not only has a high degree of simulation, but also can perform abdominal puncture training and assessment at any position.

[0054] As Figures 3 - 14 shown, the trocar module 1 includes a trocar needle 101 and a cannula sleeved on the trocar needle 101. The cannula includes a flexible cannula 102 with a variable aperture and a regulator 5 for adjusting the aperture size of the flexible cannula 102.

[0055] The flexible sleeve 102 is a silicone sleeve, and a plurality of metal rods 103 are pre-buried in the tube body of the silicone sleeve along the axial direction. The regulator 5 drives all the metal rods 103 to gather or spread to change the aperture of the flexible sleeve 102 .

[0056] The regulator 5 includes a hollow shell 501, a fixed ring 502 fixed to the bottom of the shell 501, a rotating ring 503 coaxially suspended above the fixed ring 502, and a plurality of identical sector blocks 504 arranged between the fixed ring 502 and the rotating ring 503 and assembled into a circular ring. A driving rod 505 is vertically fixed to one side of the sector block 504, a follower rod 506 is vertically fixed to the middle of the other side of the sector block 504, and a metal rod 103 is vertically fixed near the tip. The rotating ring 503 is provided with first sliding grooves 507 which are the same number as the sector blocks 504 and gradually move away from the center. The driving rod 505 is placed in the first sliding groove 507. The fixed ring 502 is provided with second sliding grooves 508 which are the same number as the sector blocks 504 and gradually move away from the center. The follower rod 506 is placed in the second sliding groove 508. The rotating ring 503 is driven to rotate forward and reversely by adjusting the driving mechanism 7.

[0057] When the rotating ring 503 presses the driving rod 505 away from the center through the first slide groove 507, the follower rod 506 is forced to gradually move away from the center in the second slide groove 508, so that the tips of all the sector blocks 504 are deflected and move away from the center, the central hole surrounded by the sector blocks 504 becomes larger, and the aperture of the flexible sleeve 102 surrounded by the metal rod 103 becomes larger accordingly.

[0058] When the rotating ring 503 presses the driving rod 505 to approach the center through the first slide groove 507, the follower rod 506 is forced to gradually approach the center in the second slide groove 508, so that the tips of all the sector blocks 504 rotate and approach the center, the central hole surrounded by the sector blocks 504 becomes smaller, and the aperture of the flexible sleeve 102 surrounded by the metal rod 103 becomes smaller accordingly.

[0059] The adjustment drive mechanism 7 adopts a fastening bolt 701, and a scale slot 509 corresponding to the position of the rotating ring 503 is opened on the shell 501. The edge of the scale slot 509 is set with an aperture size scale. The fastening bolt 701 passes through the scale slot 509 and is screwed and fixed to the side of the internal rotating ring 503.

[0060] To isolate the internal structure of the regulator 5 with the flexible sleeve 102, the sleeve further includes a flexible film ring 104 and a mounting ring 105. The upper end of the flexible sleeve 102 is hermetically connected to the inner ring of the hollow flexible film ring 104, and the outer ring of the flexible film ring 104 is hermetically fixed in the housing 501 through the mounting ring 105. Medical sealant can be used to adhesively fix the flexible film ring 104, the mounting ring 105, and the inner wall of the housing 501. The flexible sleeve 102 and the flexible film ring 104 are both made of silica gel, and the mounting ring 105 is made of medical plastic, forming an integrally sealed surgical channel to prevent the puncture needle 101 and other surgical instruments from contaminating the internal structure of the regulator 5 when withdrawing from the surgical channel.

[0061] In some embodiments, the regulator 5 can also use a plurality of micro electric rods radially distributed in the housing 501 to drive the metal rod 103 to contract or expand radially, so as to achieve the purpose of adjusting the aperture of the flexible sleeve 102. The plurality of micro electric rods can synchronously drive the metal rod 103 to contract or expand, always maintaining a circular aperture surgical channel; or they can be adjusted asynchronously according to the shape of the surgical instruments and surgical removal objects entering and leaving the surgical channel, so that the flexible sleeve 102 forms a non-circular surgical channel shape adapted to the needs, which is beneficial for the passage of larger and irregular objects.

[0062] As Figure 15 、 Figure 16 shown, the assessment module 3 is installed in the abdominal cavity of the human abdominal cavity model 201. The assessment module 3 includes a simulated intestinal tube 301 for intestinal resection anastomosis training, a gas-liquid conduit 302 that is hermetically connected to the end of the simulated intestinal tube 301 and is used to ventilate or liquidify the simulated intestinal tube 301, and an intestinal tube driving mechanism 6 that drives the peristalsis of the simulated intestinal tube 301.

[0063] One end of the gas-liquid conduit 302 of the simulated intestinal tube 301 is connected to a gas pump or a liquid pump that can provide a stable output pressure. The gas-liquid conduit 302 at the other end of the simulated intestinal tube 301 is connected with a damper (not shown in the figure) for simulating the pressure of the human intestinal tube 301. Among them, if a liquid pump is used, the discharge end of the damper is connected back to the circulating water tank of the liquid pump through a drain conduit. A pressure gauge (not shown in the figure) is connected to the gas-liquid conduit 302.

[0064] As Figure 15 shown, the video acquisition module 4 includes at least one camera 401 installed in the abdominal cavity of the human abdominal cavity model 201, and a display screen installed outside the abdominal cavity for displaying the images captured by the camera 401. Real-time video recording is carried out through the video acquisition module 4 for leakage detection, providing an objective assessment standard for subsequent scoring.

[0065] This modular laparoscopic training and assessment system can at least assess the following items.

[0066] Puncture items:

[0067] (1)Puncture point selection. The corresponding puncture point can be selected on the replaceable silicone skin 203 as needed.

[0068] (2)Simulate pneumoperitoneum and perform puncture. Use the shape memory alloy mesh 202 in the abdominal cavity module 2 that supports the silicone skin 203 to form a supporting force to simulate the pneumoperitoneum pressure. Use the puncture needle 101 of the puncture device module 1 and the cannula (flexible cannula 102) sleeved on the puncture needle 101 to puncture the silicone skin 203 of the abdominal cavity module 2. After the puncture is completed, remove the puncture needle 101, and retain the flexible cannula 102 with variable aperture as the surgical channel. The regulator 5 is used to adjust the aperture size of the flexible cannula 102.

[0069] (3)Dilate the aperture of the puncture hole. Use this puncture device module 1 to simulate different puncture apertures so that different types of instruments can enter the abdominal cavity for practical operation assessment.

[0070] The aperture adjustment steps of this puncture device module 1 are as follows:

[0071] First, slightly loosen the fastening bolt 701. By moving the fastening bolt 701 along the scale chute 509, drive the rotating ring 503 to rotate. Use the first chute 507 on the rotating ring 503 to drive the driving rod 505 on the sector block 504 to move. The follower rod 506 on the other side of the sector block 504 moves along the second chute 508. The first chute 507 and the second chute 508 are arranged in an alternating manner, forming a swinging motion of the sector block 504 (similar to the opening and closing of an aperture). The metal rod 103 fixed to the tip of the sector block 504 will move away from or close to the center, thereby driving the flexible cannula 102 to become thicker or thinner radially. According to the position of the corresponding aperture scale of the scale chute 509 where the fastening bolt 701 is located, adjust the aperture size of the flexible cannula 102, and then lock the fastening bolt 701 so that the aperture size of the flexible cannula 102 is fixed.

[0072] Relying on a set of puncture device modules 1 with variable apertures can simulate multiple sets of puncture devices with different apertures, meeting the requirements of multi-port and single-port laparoscopic simulation punctures. It can also be applied in clinical surgeries to quickly expand the aperture to remove the excised sample. After reducing the aperture, the rotating ring 503 can be rotated in the reverse direction to quickly restore the aperture of the flexible cannula 102.

[0073] Simulate intestinal anastomosis item:

[0074] (1)Intestinal tube alignment and traction. Use the flexible cannula 102 with variable aperture as the surgical channel. Use surgical forceps to pull the two cut ends of the simulated intestinal tube 301 closer together, align the mesenteric edges, and avoid torsion. Drive the simulated intestinal tube 301 to peristalsis through the intestinal tube driving mechanism 6, making it more conform to the actual intestinal peristalsis of the patient.

[0075] (2) Suture. Use the traction thread to suture the joint of the stump.

[0076] (3) Anastomosis inspection. Use a gas pump or a liquid pump that can provide a stable output pressure and a gas-liquid conduit 302 for connection to introduce gas or liquid into one end of the simulated intestinal tube 301. The gas-liquid conduit 302 at the other end of the simulated intestinal tube 301 is connected to a damper for simulating the pressure of the human intestinal tube 301. Check for leakage by observing the reading of the pressure gauge connected to the gas-liquid conduit 302. Specifically, according to the constant output pressure of the gas pump or the liquid pump and the damping condition of the damper, a pressure preset value with good anastomosis is obtained through preliminary experiments. When the reading of the pressure gauge is less than the pressure preset value, it indicates leakage, and the smaller the reading, the more serious the leakage; when the reading of the pressure gauge is greater than or equal to the pressure preset value, it indicates good anastomosis and no leakage.

[0077] In some embodiments, the shape memory alloy mesh 202 is formed by weaving multiple wavy shape memory metal strips, and each adjacent pair of wavy shape memory metal strips are symmetrically in contact and connected at the contact point.

[0078] The mesh holes of the shape memory alloy mesh 202 made in this way have good expandability. When the puncture needle 101 penetrates into a certain mesh hole, it can smoothly enter the abdominal cavity by utilizing the expandability deformation of the mesh hole. If the puncture needle 101 pierces the shape memory alloy mesh 202, by slowly screwing in, the tip of the puncture needle 101 squeezes the shape memory metal strip of the shape memory alloy mesh 202 to one side, and finally the puncture needle 101 will still fall into the mesh hole.

[0079] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the wavy shape memory metal strip is rectangular, and when the shape memory alloy mesh 202 is placed flat, the length of the cross-section of the wavy shape memory metal strip in the vertical direction is greater than the width in the horizontal direction.

[0080] The cross-section of the wavy shape memory metal strip adopts a rectangular structure with a long vertical direction and a narrow horizontal direction, which is beneficial to providing better support force (simulating pneumoperitoneum pressure) in the vertical direction and also beneficial to the mesh holes being easily deformed by extrusion in the horizontal direction, having good expandability in the horizontal direction.

[0081] In some embodiments, the intestinal tube driving mechanism 6 includes a motor 601, a runner 602, an eccentric shaft 603, a connecting rod 604, and a pair of hollow intestinal tube fixing seats 605. The hollow intestinal tube fixing seat 605 is a fixing seat with an air / liquid-permeable middle part for fixing the end of the simulated intestinal tube 301. The pair of hollow intestinal tube fixing seats 605 are symmetrically and hingedly fixed in the abdominal cavity of the human abdominal cavity model 201. The two ends of the simulated intestinal tube 301 are respectively sealed and connected to the hollow intestinal tube fixing seats 605. The two ends of the simulated intestinal tube 301 are respectively connected to the air / liquid conduit 302 through the hollow intestinal tube fixing seats 605. One end of the connecting rod 604 is fixed to the hollow intestinal tube fixing seat 605, and a long circular hole 606 is provided at the other end of the connecting rod 604. The motor 601 is fixed in the abdominal cavity of the human abdominal cavity model 201, and a runner 602 is fixed on the rotating shaft of the motor 601. An eccentric shaft 603 is arranged on the runner 602, and the eccentric shaft 603 is movably installed in the long circular hole 606 at the end of the connecting rod 604.

[0082] By rotating the motor 601, the eccentric shaft 603 on the runner 602 makes an eccentric rotation. The eccentric shaft 603 is inserted into the long circular hole 606 at the end of the connecting rod 604, driving the connecting rod 604 to make a reciprocating swing. The hollow intestinal tube fixing seat 605 connected to the connecting rod 604 swings accordingly, and the simulated intestinal tube 301 sealed and connected to the hollow intestinal tube fixing seat 605 also swings accordingly, thus simulating the peristalsis of the real intestinal tube. The peristalsis degree of the simulated intestinal tube 301 is changed by the rotation speed of the motor 601.

[0083] In some embodiments, a liquid storage tray 204 is provided at the bottom between the pair of hollow intestinal tube fixing seats 605.

[0084] When detecting the anastomosis degree of the simulated intestinal tube 301, the liquid storage tray 204 is used to catch the leaked liquid.

[0085] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited by the above embodiments. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope claimed by the present invention. The scope claimed by the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A modular laparoscopic training and assessment system, characterized in that: It includes: A puncture module (1), the puncture module (1) comprising a puncture needle (101) and a sleeve sleeved on the puncture needle (101), the sleeve comprising a flexible sleeve (102) with a variable aperture, and an adjuster (5) for adjusting the aperture size of the flexible sleeve (102); An abdominal cavity module (2) is provided, wherein the abdominal cavity module (2) adopts a simulated human abdominal cavity model (201), wherein the abdomen of the human abdominal cavity model (201) is composed of an inner layer memory alloy mesh (202) for support and a replaceable silicone skin (203) covering the surface of the memory alloy mesh (202).

2. A modular laparoscopic training and assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible sleeve (102) is a silicone sleeve, and a plurality of metal rods (103) are pre-buried in the tube body of the silicone sleeve along the axial direction. The regulator (5) drives all the metal rods (103) to gather or spread to change the aperture of the flexible sleeve (102).

3. A modular laparoscopic training and assessment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The regulator (5) comprises a hollow shell (501), a fixed ring (502) fixed at the bottom of the shell (501), a rotating ring (503) coaxially suspended above the fixed ring (502), and a plurality of identical sector blocks (504) arranged between the fixed ring (502) and the rotating ring (503) and assembled into a circular ring, wherein a driving rod (505) is vertically fixed on one side of the sector block (504), a follower rod (506) is vertically fixed in the middle of the other side of the sector block (504), and the metal rod (103) is vertically fixed near the tip, the rotating ring (503) is provided with first sliding grooves (507) which are the same number as the sector blocks (504) and gradually move away from the center, the driving rod (505) is placed in the first sliding grooves (507), the fixed ring (502) is provided with second sliding grooves (508) which are the same number as the sector blocks (504) and gradually move away from the center, the follower rod (506) is placed in In the second slide groove (508), the rotating ring (503) is driven to rotate forward and reversely by adjusting the driving mechanism (7). When the rotating ring (503) presses the driving rod (505) away from the center through the first slide groove (507), the follower rod (506) is forced to gradually move away from the center in the second slide groove (508), and the tips of all the sector blocks (504) are deflected and away from the center. The central hole surrounded by the sector blocks (504) becomes larger, and the metal rod (103) The aperture of the flexible sleeve (102) formed thereby becomes larger. When the rotating ring (503) presses the driving rod (505) to approach the center through the first slide groove (507), the follower rod (506) is forced to gradually approach the center in the second slide groove (508). As a result, the tips of all the sector blocks (504) rotate and approach the center. The central hole formed by the sector blocks (504) becomes smaller, and the aperture of the flexible sleeve (102) formed by the metal rod (103) becomes smaller accordingly.

4. A modular laparoscopic training and assessment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The adjustment drive mechanism (7) adopts a fastening bolt (701), and the housing (501) is provided with a scale slide groove (509) corresponding to the position of the rotating ring (503). The edge of the scale slide groove (509) is provided with a hole diameter scale, and the fastening bolt (701) passes through the scale slide groove (509) and is screwed and fixed to the side of the rotating ring (503) inside.

5. A modular laparoscopic training and assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The memory alloy net (202) is formed by weaving a plurality of wavy memory metal strips, and each two adjacent wavy memory metal strips are symmetrically contacted and connected at the contact point.

6. A modular laparoscopic training and assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the wavy memory metal strip is rectangular. When the memory alloy net (202) is laid flat, the cross section of the wavy memory metal strip has a vertical length greater than a horizontal width.

7. A modular laparoscopic training and assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An assessment module (3) is installed in the abdominal cavity of the human abdominal cavity model (201), and the assessment module (3) comprises a simulated intestinal tube (301) for intestinal resection and anastomosis training, an air-liquid conduit (302) sealed and connected to the end of the simulated intestinal tube (301) and used to ventilate or liquid the simulated intestinal tube (301), and an intestinal tube driving mechanism (6) for driving the peristalsis of the simulated intestinal tube (301).

8. A modular laparoscopic training and assessment system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The intestinal tube driving mechanism (6) comprises a motor (601), a rotating wheel (602), an eccentric shaft (603), a connecting rod (604), and a pair of cavitary intestinal tube fixing seats (605). The pair of cavitary intestinal tube fixing seats (605) are symmetrically and hingedly fixed in the abdominal cavity of the human abdominal cavity model (201). The two ends of the simulated intestinal tube (301) are respectively sealed and connected to the cavitary intestinal tube fixing seats (605). The two ends of the simulated intestinal tube (301) are respectively connected to the gas flow through the cavitary intestinal tube fixing seats (605). The connecting rod (604) is connected to the liquid conduit (302), one end of the connecting rod (604) is fixed on the jejunal intestinal tube fixing seat (605), the other end of the connecting rod (604) is provided with an oblong hole (606), the motor (601) is fixed in the abdominal cavity of the human abdominal cavity model (201), a rotating wheel (602) is fixed on the rotating shaft of the motor (601), an eccentric shaft (603) is provided on the rotating wheel (602), and the eccentric shaft (603) is movably installed in the oblong hole (606) of the connecting rod (604).

9. A modular laparoscopic training and assessment system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gas-liquid conduit (302) at one end of the simulated intestinal tube (301) is connected to a gas pump or a liquid pump capable of providing a stable output pressure, and the gas-liquid conduit (302) at the other end of the simulated intestinal tube (301) is connected to a damper for simulating the intestinal pressure of the human body.

10. The modular laparoscopic training and assessment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The human abdominal cavity model (201) is provided with a video acquisition module (4), wherein the video acquisition module (4) comprises at least one camera (401) installed in the abdominal cavity of the human abdominal cavity model (201), and a display screen installed outside the abdominal cavity and capable of displaying images captured by the camera (401).

Images