Multi-stage stretching structure deformation superposition physical simulation experiment device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a multi-stage stretching structure deformation superposition physical simulation experiment device and method.The experiment device comprises a linkage connecting mechanism and a base stretching mechanism, the linkage connecting mechanism is fixed to a fixing plate through a fixing base, a plurality of layers of connecting rods are arranged on the fixing base, each layer of connecting rod is connected with the fixing mechanism on one side, and the base stretching mechanism is connected with the linkage connecting mechanism. A limiting sliding rod connected with the electric cylinders on the two sides is arranged on the connecting rod on the uppermost layer; the base stretching mechanism comprises a plurality of supporting columns, a stretchable bottom plate is arranged above the supporting columns, and the supporting columns are connected with the fixing mechanism in a sliding and rotating mode; the device is used for simulating the stretching deformation process of the geologic structure in a laboratory environment, and especially in the aspect of deformation of the multi-stage superposed geologic structure, the stretching deformation process of the geologic structure is simulated by adjusting the connection mode of the linkage connection mechanism and the supporting column and adjusting the position and stretching direction of the electric cylinder at the same time. Therefore, superposition of the multi-stage stretching structures and arbitrary adjustment of the relative angle between the stretching directions of the multi-stage stretching structures are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a physical simulation experiment device and method, and in particular to a multi-stage extension structure deformation superposition physical simulation experiment device and method. Background Art

[0002] There are various fault structures widely developed in the crust, among which extensional structures are one of the most common structural systems in the crust. Extensional structures refer to structural systems formed by horizontal extension of rock strata. Extensional structural systems usually contain a series of normal faults that strike perpendicular to the extension direction, which combine to form structural styles of different scales, such as grabens, horsts, extensional basins, continental or oceanic rifts. The evolution of extensional structures is closely related to the study of seismic activity, oil and gas migration and storage, and plate movement, and has important practical and theoretical significance.

[0003] In nature, due to the influence of various geological and tectonic factors, extensional structures may not be completed in one go, but may go through multiple extension processes. Extensional deformation at different times may also have problems such as changes in extension direction and uneven horizontal extension rates. Therefore, studying the superposition of multi-stage extensional structures is of great significance for understanding regional tectonic evolution. At present, research on the superposition of multi-stage extensional structures mainly focuses on theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, but lacks verification of physical models.

[0004] Existing research on multi-stage extensional structural deformation has certain technical limitations, mainly manifested in the inability to achieve the superposition of multi-stage extensional structures and the arbitrary adjustment of the relative angles between multi-stage extensional structures. When conducting multi-stage deformation, the existing technology can often only achieve deformation in a single direction or at a fixed angle, which limits the flexibility and diversity of the experiment. In addition, when superimposing multi-stage extensional structures, it is impossible to ensure that each part stretches evenly during the deformation process, which is often accompanied by the problem of shrinkage and narrowing of the middle part, which not only reduces the experimental effect, but may also cause unnecessary damage to the structure. Summary of the invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: The purpose of the invention is to provide a multi-stage extensional structure deformation superposition physical simulation experimental device to achieve the superposition of multi-stage extensional structures and the arbitrary adjustment of the relative angles between multi-stage extensional structures. On the other hand, it provides a multi-stage extensional structure deformation superposition physical simulation experimental method.

[0006] Technical solution: The simulation experiment device described in the present invention comprises a linkage connection mechanism and a base extension mechanism, wherein the linkage connection mechanism is fixed to a fixed plate through a fixed seat, and the fixed seat is provided with a plurality of layers of connection rods, each layer of connection rods is connected to a fixed mechanism on one side, and the uppermost layer of connection rods is provided with a limit sliding rod connected to electric cylinders on both sides;

[0007] The base stretching mechanism includes a number of support columns, above which there is an extendable bottom plate, and the support columns are slidably and rotatably connected to the fixing mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, the test bench further includes electric cylinder seats on both sides, and the electric cylinders are arranged above the electric cylinder seats.

[0009] Preferably, the fixing plate is located on the test bench.

[0010] Preferably, sliding guide rails are also provided on the test bench, and the electric cylinder seats are slidably fixed on the sliding guide rails.

[0011] Preferably, linkage rods are also provided on both sides of the fixed seat, the connecting rod and the fixing mechanism.

[0012] Preferably, transmission mechanisms are also provided on both sides of the fixed seat, the connecting rod and the fixing mechanism.

[0013] The simulation experiment method of the present invention includes the following steps: placing the experimental materials on the extendable bottom plate, controlling the heights of the fixed seat and the limit sliding rod to remain unchanged, and causing horizontal movement due to mutual limitation between the connecting rods of different layers; the electric cylinder drives the horizontal sliding of the limit sliding rod, causing the linkage rod to rotate around the fixed seat, and the transmission mechanism drives the horizontal movement of the connecting rods of different layers, and the horizontal movement of the support rods in different rows, resulting in relative discrete movement, and the overall extension and deformation of the extendable bottom plate, so that the experimental materials are deformed, thereby realizing the simulation of the extension structure deformation; adjusting the heights of the connecting rods of each layer and the spacing between the transmission mechanisms, and at the same time adjusting the position and extension direction of the electric cylinder, so as to realize the next-stage superposition of the extension structure, and the extension orientation can be adjusted arbitrarily.

[0014] Preferably, when the spacing between the transmission mechanisms is equal and the heights of the connecting rods at different levels are the same, the overall extension rate of the bottom plate is equal everywhere; when adjusting the heights of the connecting rods of each layer and the spacing between the transmission mechanisms, the extension rates are not equal everywhere.

[0015] Preferably, the connecting rod at a higher level is connected to a row of support rods closer to the electric cylinder.

[0016] Preferably, the support columns can be arranged in rows from at least two directions, and the arrangement angle between the two directions can be adjusted in advance according to the experiment to realize the superposition of any angles of multi-stage extension deformation.

[0017] Advantageous effects: Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following remarkable advantages: 1. By realizing the uniform or non-uniform deformation of the base of the extension structure, the adjustment of the multi-stage extension direction, and further simulating the complex extension deformation history of the earth's crust in nature and the development of the multi-stage superimposed extension structure controlled thereby, as well as the arbitrary adjustment of the relative angle between the multi-stage extension structures; 2. The structure of the device is simple and easy to operate, and is easy to implement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is a front view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is a side view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is a top view schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the implementation principle of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

[0022] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] As Figures 1-3 shown, the present invention provides a physical simulation experiment device for multi-stage extensional tectonic deformation superposition, including an experimental table 1, a fixing plate 2 fixed above the experimental table 1; electric cylinder seats 5 arranged on both sides of the experimental table 1, an electric cylinder 6 is arranged above the electric cylinder seat 5, a sliding guide rail 7 is further arranged on the experimental table 1, and the electric cylinder seat 5 is slidably fixed on the sliding guide rail 7; a linkage connection mechanism 3 and a base extension mechanism 4 are arranged above the fixing plate 2; the linkage connection mechanism 3 includes a limit sliding rod 306 connected to the electric cylinder 6, a fixed seat 301 fixed on the fixing plate 2, there are several layers of connecting rods 303 between the fixed seat 301 and the limit sliding rod 306, and the connecting rods 303 are connected to all fixing mechanisms 305 arranged in a specific arrangement on one side; linkage rods 302 are arranged on both sides of the connecting rods 303, the limit sliding rod 306 and the fixed seat 301, and a transmission mechanism 304 is further arranged.

[0024] The base extension mechanism 4 includes several independent support columns 401, an extendable bottom plate 402 is arranged above the support columns 401, the fixing mechanism 305 is slidably and rotatably connected to the support columns 401, and the extendable bottom plate 402 uses an elastic cloth.

[0025] As Figure 4 shown, the working principle of the experimental method of the present invention is as follows:

[0026] The fixing mechanism 305 in the linkage connection mechanism 3 is slidably and rotatably connected to the independent support columns 401, an elastic cloth is arranged above the independent support columns 401 to form a discrete extendable bottom plate 402, and experimental materials are placed on the extendable bottom plate 402; the connecting rods at higher levels are connected to the rows of independent support columns 401 closer to the electric cylinder 6, so as to realize extension between different rows of independent support columns 401 without extrusion; and the independent support columns 401 can be arranged in rows from at least two directions to facilitate connecting the connecting rods 303 to the fixing mechanism 305 when realizing extensional deformation of different stages.

[0027] During the experiment, the heights of the fixed base 301 and the limit sliding rod 306 are kept unchanged. At the same time, the connecting rods 303 at different levels are mutually limited, so that the heights of the connecting rods 303 at each level remain unchanged, and only horizontal relative movement occurs. The electric cylinder 6 drives and controls the horizontal sliding of the limit sliding rod 306, so that the linkage rod 302 rotates around the fixed base 301, and drives the connecting rods 303 at different levels to move horizontally through the transmission mechanism 304. Due to the rotational movement of the linkage rod 302 around the fixed base 301, the greater the height of the different transmission mechanisms 304 from the fixed base 301, that is, the greater the radius of rotation, the greater the linear velocity obtained. Therefore, the horizontal movement speeds of the connecting rods 303 at different levels are different, so that the horizontal movement speeds of the independent support columns 401 in different rows are different, and the higher the level of the connecting rod 303, the higher the horizontal movement speed. The closer the row of independent support columns 401 driven by the connecting rod 303 at a higher level is to the electric cylinder 6, the higher the horizontal movement speed, resulting in relative discrete movement, realizing the overall extension of the extensible bottom plate, and the experimental material is deformed, thereby simulating the deformation of the extensional structure; when the distances between the transmission mechanisms 304 are equal and the heights of the connecting rods 303 at different levels are the same, the overall extension rate is equal everywhere; by adjusting the heights of the connecting rods 303 at each level and the distances between the transmission mechanisms 304, different extension rates at different positions can be achieved.

[0028] During a certain stage of deformation, the independent support columns 401 move along a fixed direction; the combined action of the independent support columns 401 enables the extensible bottom plate 402 to extend only in a certain direction, without causing the middle to shrink and narrow due to the extension; by adjusting the connection method between the linkage connection mechanism and the independent support columns 401, and at the same time adjusting the position and extension direction of the electric cylinder 6, the next-stage superposition of the extensional structure can be realized, and its extension orientation can be adjusted arbitrarily.

[0029] When the experiment is paused to adjust the extension direction, the support columns 401 can be temporarily fixed on the fixed plate 2, then rotate the linkage connection mechanism 3 and the electric cylinder seat 5 to a new orientation, then adjust the position and reinstall the components of the linkage connection mechanism, and then release the temporary fixation of the support columns 401 and continue the experiment.

[0030] Except that Figure 4 the angle between the two-direction arrangements of the support columns 401 shown in the top view is 90 degrees, the angle between the two-direction arrangements can be adjusted in advance according to the experiment to realize the superposition of arbitrary angles of multi-stage extensional deformation.

Claims

1. A multi-stage extensional structural deformation superposition physical simulation experimental device, comprising an experimental table (1), characterized in that: The invention comprises a linkage connection mechanism (3) and a base extension mechanism (4), wherein the linkage connection mechanism (3) is fixed to a fixed plate (2) via a fixed seat (301), and the fixed seat (301) is provided with a plurality of layers of connection rods (303), each layer of connection rods (303) is connected to a fixed mechanism (305) on one side, and the uppermost layer of connection rods (303) is provided with a limit sliding rod (306) connected to electric cylinders (6) on both sides; The base extension mechanism (4) comprises a plurality of support columns (401), an extendable bottom plate (402) is provided above the support columns (401), and the support columns (401) are slidably and rotatably connected to the fixing mechanism (305).

2. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental platform (1) also includes electric cylinder seats (5) located on both sides, and the electric cylinder (6) is arranged above the electric cylinder seats (5).

3. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fixing plate (2) is located on the experimental table (1).

4. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The experimental table (1) is also provided with a sliding guide rail (7), and the electric cylinder seat (5) is slidably fixed on the sliding guide rail (7).

5. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Linkage rods (302) are also provided on both sides of the fixing seat (301), the connecting rod (303) and the fixing mechanism (305).

6. The experimental device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Transmission mechanisms (304) are also provided on both sides of the fixing seat (301), the connecting rod (303) and the fixing mechanism (305).

7. A multi-stage extensional structural deformation superposition physical simulation experimental method, characterized in that: The method comprises the following steps: placing the experimental material on the extendable bottom plate, controlling the height of the fixed seat and the limit sliding rod to remain unchanged, and limiting the connection rods of different layers to each other and causing horizontal movement; the electric cylinder drives the limit sliding rod to slide horizontally, so that the linkage rod rotates around the fixed seat, the transmission mechanism drives the connection rods of different layers to move horizontally, and the support rods of different rows to move horizontally, so that relatively discrete movement occurs, and the extendable bottom plate is extended and deformed as a whole, so that the experimental material is deformed, thereby realizing the simulation of deformation of the extendable structure; adjusting the height of the connection rods of each layer and the spacing between the transmission mechanisms, and adjusting the position of the electric cylinder and the extend direction at the same time, so as to realize the next stage of superposition of the extendable structure, and the extend direction can be adjusted arbitrarily.

8. The experimental method according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the spacing between the transmission mechanisms is equal and the heights of the connecting rods at different levels are the same, the overall extension rate of the base plate is equal everywhere; when the heights of the connecting rods at each level and the spacing between the transmission mechanisms are adjusted, the extension rate is unequal everywhere.

9. The experimental method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The connecting rod with a higher layer is connected to a row of supporting rods that is closer to the electric cylinder.

10. The experimental method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The support columns can be arranged in rows from at least two directions, and the arrangement angle between the two directions can be pre-adjusted according to experiments to achieve the superposition of multiple-stage stretching deformations at any angle.

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