High-gain end-on-fire antenna based on phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-gain end-on-fire antenna based on phase reversal artificial surface plasmon, which belongs to the field of antennae and comprises a dielectric substrate, and a first metal layer and a second metal layer are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate respectively. Each of the first metal layer and the second metal layer comprises a feed transition structure, a phase reversal artificial surface plasmon transmission line and a gradual transition structure which are connected in sequence; the phase reversal artificial surface plasmon transmission line comprises a first U-shaped unit, a first phase reversal unit, a second U-shaped unit and a second phase reversal unit which are connected in sequence and are periodically distributed, and the opening direction of the first U-shaped unit is opposite to the opening direction of the second U-shaped unit; the first phase inversion unit and the second phase inversion unit are used for generating 180-degree phase delay; the projection of the first metal layer on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and the second metal layer are of a symmetrical structure, so that the gain of the antenna can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to a high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-inverted artificial surface plasmons. Background Art

[0002] An end-fire antenna refers to an antenna whose maximum radiation direction of the antenna beam is parallel to the structural axis (or plane). Due to the low-profile characteristic of the planar end-fire antenna, it has small air resistance, light weight, and does not affect the carrying capacity and maneuverability of the carrier aircraft, and has been widely used in airborne (or vehicle-mounted) radar and communication equipment.

[0003] Currently, the common end-fire antenna is the Yagi antenna. The Yagi antenna consists of an active element, a passive reflector, and several passive directors. The electromagnetic wave is reflected by the passive reflector, and the electromagnetic wave is guided to a specific direction by several passive directors, which can improve the performance of the antenna. However, the gain of the traditional Yagi antenna is limited and cannot meet the usage requirements of high gain. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-inverted artificial surface plasmons. The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are realized through the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-inverted artificial surface plasmons, including a dielectric substrate. A first metal layer and a second metal layer are respectively provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate. Both the first metal layer and the second metal layer include a feed transition structure, a phase-inverted artificial surface plasmon transmission line, and a tapered transition structure that are connected in sequence.

[0006] The phase-inverted artificial surface plasmon transmission line includes a first U-shaped unit, a first phase-inverted unit, a second U-shaped unit, and a second phase-inverted unit that are connected in sequence and are distributed periodically. The opening directions of the first U-shaped unit and the second U-shaped unit are opposite, and the first phase-inverted unit and the second phase-inverted unit are used to generate a 180° phase delay.

[0007] The projection of the first metal layer on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and the second metal layer are in a symmetric structure.

[0008] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first U-shaped unit includes a first transverse branch and at least two first longitudinal branches. The first transverse branch is arranged along the length direction of the dielectric substrate, and the first longitudinal branches are connected to the first transverse branch and are perpendicular to the first transverse branch.

[0009] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second U-shaped unit includes a second transverse branch and at least two second longitudinal branches. The second transverse branch is arranged along the length direction of the dielectric substrate. The second longitudinal branches are connected to the second transverse branch and are perpendicular to the second transverse branch.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first phase inversion unit includes a first connecting branch and a first inclined branch. The first end of the first connecting branch is connected to the first transverse branch, the second end is connected to the second transverse branch, and the first inclined branch is connected to the first connecting branch and is inclined.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first end of the first connecting branch protrudes from the first transverse branch, and the second end of the first connecting branch protrudes from the second transverse branch;

[0012] The inclination angle of the first inclined branch is 45°.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, the second phase inversion unit includes a second connecting branch and a second inclined branch. The first end of the second connecting branch is connected to the second transverse branch, the second end is connected to the first transverse branch of the next first U-shaped unit, and the second inclined branch is connected to the second connecting branch and is inclined.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the first end of the second connecting branch protrudes from the second transverse branch, and the second end of the second connecting branch protrudes from the first transverse branch of the next first U-shaped unit;

[0015] The inclination angle of the second inclined branch is 45°.

[0016] In an embodiment of the present invention, the feeding transition structure includes a first tapered transmission line. The first tapered transmission line includes a first transverse section and a plurality of first longitudinal sections. The first end of the first transverse section is used to be connected to an external feeding wire, the second end of the first transverse section is connected to the phase inversion artificial surface plasmon transmission line, and the plurality of first longitudinal sections are all connected to the first transverse section and are parallel to each other. From the first end to the second end of the first transverse section, the length of the first longitudinal section gradually increases.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present invention, the feeding transition structure further includes a flared metal ground plate. The flared metal ground plate is an arc structure. From the first end to the second end of the first transverse section, the distance between the flared metal ground plate and the transverse section gradually increases.

[0018] In an embodiment of the present invention, the gradual transition structure includes a second gradual transmission line. The second gradual transmission line includes a second transverse segment and a plurality of second longitudinal segments. The first end of the second transverse segment is used to be connected to an external feeding wire, the second end of the second transverse segment is connected to a phase-reversed artificial surface plasmon transmission line, and the plurality of second longitudinal segments are all connected to the second transverse segment and are parallel to each other. From the first end to the second end of the second transverse segment, the lengths of the second longitudinal segments gradually increase.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0020] In the above solution of the present application, the high-gain end-fire antenna includes a dielectric substrate. A first metal layer and a second metal layer are respectively provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate. Both the first metal layer and the second metal layer include a feeding transition structure, a phase-reversed artificial surface plasmon transmission line, and a gradual transition structure that are connected in sequence; the phase-reversed artificial surface plasmon transmission line includes a first U-shaped unit, a first phase-reversed unit, a second U-shaped unit, and a second phase-reversed unit that are connected in sequence and are periodically distributed. The opening directions of the first U-shaped unit and the second U-shaped unit are opposite, and the first phase-reversed unit and the second phase-reversed unit are used to generate a 180° phase delay; the projection of the first metal layer on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate and the second metal layer are symmetric structures. With this structure, the feeding of the antenna can be realized by using the feeding transition structure; the first U-shaped unit and the second U-shaped unit that are connected in sequence and are periodically distributed can form an artificial surface plasmon, so that the characteristics of the artificial surface plasmon can be used to transmit electromagnetic waves, thereby improving the gain of the antenna. The first phase-reversed unit and the second phase-reversed unit are spaced apart and generate a 180° phase delay, which can realize the phase adjustment of electromagnetic waves, so that while realizing a specific radiation pattern, the gain of the antenna can be further improved, enabling the antenna to meet the usage requirements of high gain; the gradual transition structure can realize the smooth transition of electromagnetic waves, thereby reducing reflection and loss and improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0021] The following will further describe the present invention in detail with reference to the drawings and embodiments. Description of the Drawings

[0022] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the high-gain end-fire antenna provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the phase-reversed artificial surface plasmon transmission line in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is a graph of the return loss of the high-gain end-fire antenna in the simulation and test of the embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4It is the far-field radiation pattern of the high-gain end-fire antenna in the simulation and testing of the embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is the gain schematic diagram of the high-gain end-fire antenna in the simulation and testing of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0027] Reference numerals: 1 - dielectric substrate, 2 - first metal layer, 3 - second metal layer, 4 - feeding transition structure, 5 - phase-reversed artificial surface plasmon transmission line, 51 - first U-shaped unit, 52 - first phase-reversed unit, 53 - second U-shaped unit, 54 - second phase-reversed unit, 6 - tapered transition structure. Specific embodiments

[0028] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto.

[0029] The phase-reversal technology is an electromagnetic wave regulation technology. Its core principle is to periodically cross-transform two parallel transmission lines, causing a 180-degree phase reversal of the electromagnetic wave on each transmission line. This technology has important application value in device design and can flexibly regulate the electromagnetic characteristics of materials, such as significantly reducing the guided wave wavelength and increasing the radiation unit density under the same size. In addition, the phase-reversal technology can effectively improve the gain performance of the antenna and reduce its profile height.

[0030] In order to extend surface plasmons from the optical band to the microwave and terahertz bands, researchers proposed the concept of artificial surface plasmons (SSPPs). Artificial surface plasmons achieve electromagnetic wave transmission through sub-wavelength periodic structures. Currently, various structural forms have been developed, including basic configurations such as rectangular, H-shaped, and U-shaped. However, the simple artificial surface plasmon structure has limitations in practical applications and needs to be combined with traditional transmission line structures to exert its advantages. For this reason, researchers developed a tapered transition structure, realizing the efficient conversion of traditional microstrip transmission lines to artificial surface plasmons. This breakthrough has greatly expanded the application prospects of artificial surface plasmons in the fields of transmission lines and antenna technologies. It should be noted that applying artificial surface plasmon transmission lines to the design of phase-reversal antennas not only further broadens the application scope of artificial surface plasmons but also significantly enhances the radiation performance of phase-reversal antennas, providing a new research direction for future high-performance antenna design.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, an embodiment of the present invention provides a high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-reversed spoof surface plasmon polaritons, which includes a dielectric substrate 1. A first metal layer 2 and a second metal layer 3 are respectively provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1. Both the first metal layer 2 and the second metal layer 3 include a feeding transition structure 4, a phase-reversed spoof surface plasmon polariton transmission line 5, and a tapered transition structure 6 that are connected in sequence. The phase-reversed spoof surface plasmon polariton transmission line 5 includes a first U-shaped unit 51, a first phase-reversal unit 52, a second U-shaped unit 53, and a second phase-reversal unit 54 that are connected in sequence and are periodically distributed. The opening directions of the first U-shaped unit 51 and the second U-shaped unit 53 are opposite, and the first phase-reversal unit 52 and the second phase-reversal unit 54 are used to generate a 180° phase delay. The projection of the first metal layer 2 on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and the second metal layer 3 are symmetric structures.

[0032] In some embodiments of the present application, the length of the dielectric substrate 1 is 220.5 mm, the width is 34.91 mm, the thickness is 1 mm, the dielectric constant is 2.65, and the loss tangent is 0.002.

[0033] In some embodiments of the present application, the total length of the feeding transition structure 4 is 25.5 mm.

[0034] In some embodiments of the present application, the phase-reversed spoof surface plasmon polariton transmission line 5 includes 10 sequentially connected periodic structures, and each periodic structure is composed of a first U-shaped unit 51, a first phase-reversal unit 52, a second U-shaped unit 53, and a second phase-reversal unit 54 that are connected in sequence. Among them, the first U-shaped unit 51 and the second U-shaped unit 53 form a spoof surface plasmon polariton structure, the first phase-reversal unit 52 and the second phase-reversal unit 54 form a phase-reversal structure, and the total length of the phase-reversed spoof surface plasmon polariton transmission line 5 is 179 mm.

[0035] It can be understood that spoof surface plasmon polaritons (SSPPs) are an electromagnetic mode that propagates on the surface of artificial structures and can simulate the characteristics of surface plasmon polaritons (SPPs) on metal surfaces, especially performing well in lower frequencies (such as the microwave and terahertz bands).

[0036] In some embodiments of the present application, the tapered transition structure 6 can transition the spoof surface plasmon polariton waveguide into a parallel strip line to match a 50-ohm load resistor, and the total length of the tapered transition structure 6 is 19 mm.

[0037] In some embodiments of the present application, the above high-gain end-fire antenna can achieve a maximum gain of 17.1 dBi.

[0038] In some embodiments of the present application, the first metal layer 2 and the second metal layer 3 have the same structure and size.

[0039] In the above solution of the present application, the high-gain end-fire antenna includes a dielectric substrate 1. The first metal layer 2 and the second metal layer 3 are respectively disposed on the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1. The first metal layer 2 and the second metal layer 3 both include a feeding transition structure 4, a phase-reversed artificial surface plasmon transmission line 5, and a tapered transition structure 6 that are connected in sequence. The phase-reversed artificial surface plasmon transmission line 5 includes a first U-shaped unit 51, a first phase-reversed unit 52, a second U-shaped unit 53, and a second phase-reversed unit 54 that are connected in sequence and are periodically distributed. The opening directions of the first U-shaped unit 51 and the second U-shaped unit 53 are opposite. The first phase-reversed unit 52 and the second phase-reversed unit 54 are used to generate a 180° phase delay. The projection of the first metal layer 2 on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate 1 and the second metal layer 3 are symmetric structures. With this structure, the feeding of the antenna can be realized by using the feeding transition structure 4. The first U-shaped unit 51 and the second U-shaped unit 53 that are connected in sequence and are periodically distributed can form artificial surface plasmons, so that the characteristics of artificial surface plasmons can be used to transmit electromagnetic waves, thereby improving the gain of the antenna. The first phase-reversed unit 52 and the second phase-reversed unit 54 are spaced apart and generate a 180° phase delay, which can realize the phase adjustment of electromagnetic waves, so that while realizing a specific radiation pattern, the gain of the antenna can be further improved, enabling the antenna to meet the usage requirements of high gain. The tapered transition structure 6 can realize the smooth transition of electromagnetic waves, thereby reducing reflection and loss and improving the radiation efficiency of the antenna.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present application, the first U-shaped unit 51 includes a first transverse branch and at least two first longitudinal branches. The first transverse branch is disposed along the length direction of the dielectric substrate 1. The first longitudinal branches are connected to the first transverse branch and are perpendicular to the first transverse branch. With this structure, a U-shaped artificial surface plasmon can be formed by the first transverse branch and at least two first longitudinal branches, so that the characteristics of artificial surface plasmons can be used to transmit electromagnetic waves.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present application, the second U-shaped unit 53 includes a second transverse branch and at least two second longitudinal branches. The second transverse branch is disposed along the length direction of the dielectric substrate 1. The second longitudinal branches are connected to the second transverse branch and are perpendicular to the second transverse branch. With this structure, a U-shaped artificial surface plasmon can be formed by the second transverse branch and at least two second longitudinal branches, so that the characteristics of artificial surface plasmons can be used to transmit electromagnetic waves.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present application, the first lateral branch and the second lateral branch have the same size, and the widths of both the first lateral branch and the second lateral branch are 0.6 mm.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present application, the first longitudinal branch and the second longitudinal branch have the same size, and the widths of both the first longitudinal branch and the second longitudinal branch are 0.9 mm, and the lengths are both 4.1 mm.

[0044] In some embodiments of the present application, the first phase inversion unit 52 includes a first connecting branch and a first inclined branch. The first end of the first connecting branch is connected to the first lateral branch, the second end is connected to the second lateral branch, and the first inclined branch is connected to the first connecting branch and is inclined. With this structure, a phase inversion unit can be formed by the first connecting branch and the first inclined branch, thereby enabling the phase adjustment of electromagnetic waves.

[0045] In some embodiments of the present application, the first end of the first connecting branch protrudes from the first lateral branch, the second end of the first connecting branch protrudes from the second lateral branch, and the inclination angle of the first inclined branch is 45°. With this structure, the return loss at the phase inversion structure can be reduced by setting the chamfer.

[0046] In some embodiments of the present application, the second phase inversion unit 54 includes a second connecting branch and a second inclined branch. The first end of the second connecting branch is connected to the second lateral branch, the second end is connected to the first lateral branch of the next first U-shaped unit 51, and the second inclined branch is connected to the second connecting branch and is inclined. With this structure, a phase inversion unit can be formed by the second connecting branch and the second inclined branch, thereby enabling the phase adjustment of electromagnetic waves.

[0047] In some embodiments of the present application, the first end of the second connecting branch protrudes from the second lateral branch, the second end of the second connecting branch protrudes from the first lateral branch of the next first U-shaped unit 51, and the inclination angle of the second inclined branch is 45°. With this structure, the return loss at the phase inversion structure can be reduced by setting the chamfer.

[0048] In some embodiments of the present application, the first inclined branch is inclined upward, and the second inclined branch is inclined downward.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present application, the first phase inversion unit 52 and the second phase inversion unit 54 have the same size. The lateral size of both the first phase inversion unit 52 and the second phase inversion unit 54 is 0.7 mm. The longitudinal spacing between the first U-shaped unit 51 and the second U-shaped unit 53 is 0.7 mm. The first connecting branch is used to connect the first U-shaped unit 51 and the second U-shaped unit 53 in one periodic structure, and the second connecting branch is used to connect the second U-shaped unit 53 in the previous periodic structure and the first U-shaped unit 51 in the next periodic structure.

[0050] In some embodiments of the present application, the feeding transition structure 4 includes a first tapered transmission line. The first tapered transmission line includes a first transverse section and a plurality of first longitudinal sections. The first end of the first transverse section is used to connect to an external feeding wire, and the second end of the first transverse section is connected to the phase inversion artificial surface plasmon transmission line 5. The plurality of first longitudinal sections are all connected to the first transverse section and are parallel to each other. From the first end to the second end of the first transverse section, the length of the first longitudinal section gradually increases. With this structure, the tapered transition of feeding can be realized through the first tapered transmission line, so as to achieve efficient energy transmission and impedance matching between different transmission lines or devices, reduce the reflection loss of electromagnetic waves during the transmission process, and improve the energy transmission efficiency.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present application, the feeding transition structure 4 further includes a flared metal ground plane. The flared metal ground plane is an arc structure. From the first end to the second end of the first transverse section, the distance between the flared metal ground plane and the transverse section gradually increases. With this structure, the transmission characteristics of electromagnetic waves can be further improved by using the flared metal ground plane, the radiation performance can be enhanced, and the impedance matching can be optimized, thereby further improving the performance of the antenna.

[0052] In some embodiments of the present application, the lateral distance between the flared metal ground plane and the left edge of the dielectric substrate 1 is 1.5 mm, the gap width between the flared metal ground plane and the first transverse section is 0.06 mm, the lengths of both the flared metal ground plane and the first transverse section are 5 mm, and the functional relationship of the arc part in the flared metal ground plane is:

[0053] y = C1e kx + C2

[0054] wherein, both c1 and c2 are constant terms, and k is 0.15.

[0055] In some embodiments of the present application, the gradient transition structure 6 includes a second gradient transmission line. The second gradient transmission line includes a second transverse segment and a plurality of second longitudinal segments. The first end of the second transverse segment is used to be connected to an external feeding wire, the second end of the second transverse segment is connected to the phase-inverting artificial surface plasmon transmission line 5, and the plurality of second longitudinal segments are all connected to the second transverse segment and are parallel to each other. From the first end to the second end of the second transverse segment, the lengths of the second longitudinal segments gradually increase. With this structure, through the gradient transition of the second transverse segment and the plurality of second longitudinal segments, the artificial surface plasmon waveguide can be smoothly transitioned into a parallel strip line, so as to match the 50-ohm load resistor.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present application, the above high-gain end-fire antenna is simulated and tested. Figure 3 The echo loss curve diagram of the high-gain end-fire antenna during simulation and testing is shown. From Figure 3 the test results, it can be known that the operating frequency band of the antenna is 7.6 GHz - 8.6 GHz. Figure 4 The far-field radiation pattern of the high-gain end-fire antenna during simulation and testing is shown. Figure 4 (a) is the E-plane pattern at 8 GHz. Figure 4 (b) is the H-plane pattern at 8 GHz. From Figure 4 it can be known that the high-gain end-fire antenna of the present application has a good end-fire pattern, and the simulation and measurement results are in good agreement. Figure 5 The gain schematic diagram of the high-gain end-fire antenna during simulation and testing is shown. Corresponding to Figure 4 the highest gain in the operating frequency band is 17.1 dBi. From Figure 5 it can be known that the high-gain end-fire antenna of the present application has good radiation characteristics. Therefore, the above high-gain end-fire antenna structure of the present application is simple, easy to process, low in cost, and has a high gain. Its far-field radiation pattern is relatively stable within the operating bandwidth and can be applied to integrated communication systems that require high-gain antennas.

[0057] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0058] In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means two or more unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0059] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the first feature being "above" or "below" the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but in contact through additional features therebetween. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "over" and "on" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is higher than that of the second feature. The first feature being "under", "beneath" and "underneath" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or merely indicating that the horizontal height of the first feature is less than that of the second feature.

[0060] The above content is a further detailed description of the present invention in combination with specific preferred embodiments, and it cannot be determined that the specific implementation of the present invention is only limited to these descriptions. For those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which the present invention pertains, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several simple deductions or substitutions can still be made, and all should be regarded as belonging to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon, characterized in that: It comprises a dielectric substrate, wherein the upper surface and the lower surface of the dielectric substrate are respectively provided with a first metal layer and a second metal layer, and the first metal layer and the second metal layer both comprise a feeding transition structure, a phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon transmission line and a gradual transition structure which are connected in sequence; The phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon transmission line comprises a first U-shaped unit, a first phase-reversal unit, a second U-shaped unit and a second phase-reversal unit which are sequentially connected and periodically distributed, the opening direction of the first U-shaped unit is opposite to the opening direction of the second U-shaped unit, and the first phase-reversal unit and the second phase-reversal unit are used to generate a phase delay of 180°; The projection of the first metal layer on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate is symmetrical to the second metal layer.

2. The high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first U-shaped unit includes a first transverse branch and at least two first longitudinal branches, the first transverse branch is arranged along the length direction of the dielectric substrate, and the first longitudinal branch is connected to the first transverse branch and is perpendicular to the first transverse branch.

3. The high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second U-shaped unit includes a second transverse branch and at least two second longitudinal branches, the second transverse branches are arranged along the length direction of the dielectric substrate, and the second longitudinal branches are connected to the second transverse branches and are perpendicular to the second transverse branches.

4. The high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first phase inversion unit includes a first connecting branch and a first inclined branch, wherein the first end of the first connecting branch is connected to the first transverse branch, and the second end is connected to the second transverse branch, and the first inclined branch is connected to the first connecting branch and is inclinedly arranged.

5. The high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first end of the first connecting branch protrudes from the first transverse branch node, and the second end of the first connecting branch protrudes from the second transverse branch node; The inclination angle of the first inclined branch is 45°.

6. The high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second phase inversion unit includes a second connecting branch and a second inclined branch, the first end of the second connecting branch is connected to the second transverse branch, the second end is connected to the first transverse branch of the next first U-shaped unit, and the second inclined branch is connected to the second connecting branch and is inclined.

7. The high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first end of the second connecting branch protrudes from the second transverse branch node, and the second end of the second connecting branch protrudes from the first transverse branch node of the next first U-shaped unit; The inclination angle of the second inclined branch is 45°.

8. The high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding transition structure includes a first tapered transmission line, which includes a first transverse segment and a plurality of first longitudinal segments, wherein the first end of the first transverse segment is used to be connected to an external feeding wire, the second end of the first transverse segment is connected to the phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon transmission line, and the plurality of first longitudinal segments are all connected to the first transverse segment and are parallel to each other, and the length of the first longitudinal segment gradually increases from the first end to the second end of the first transverse segment.

9. The high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feed transition structure further includes a flared metal grounding plate, which is an arc-shaped structure. From the first end to the second end of the first transverse section, the distance between the flared metal grounding plate and the transverse section gradually increases.

10. The high-gain end-fire antenna based on phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon according to claim 9, characterized in that: The gradual transition structure includes a second gradual transmission line, the second gradual transmission line includes a second transverse segment and a plurality of second longitudinal segments, the first end of the second transverse segment is used to be connected to an external feeding wire, the second end of the second transverse segment is connected to the phase-reversal artificial surface plasmon transmission line, the plurality of second longitudinal segments are all connected to the second transverse segment and are parallel to each other, and the length of the second longitudinal segment gradually increases from the first end to the second end of the second transverse segment.

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