Threshing and cleaning test bed

Abstract

The invention discloses a threshing and cleaning test bed which comprises a rack, a feeding assembly and a threshing assembly. The cleaning assembly is divided into an upper cleaning screen located at the downstream end of the threshing assembly in the process and a lower cleaning screen located at the downstream end of the conveying belt in the process, the lower cleaning screen is used for receiving mixed threshing objects of grains and tiny impurities conveyed by the conveying belt, and the upper cleaning screen receives grain mixtures generated after separation and mixed with large-size impurities. A grain collecting funnel is arranged below the cleaning lower sieve; the test bed further comprises a cleaning fan, and an air outlet of the cleaning fan faces the lower cleaning screen. The threshing cylinder is provided with a threshing cylinder rotating speed detection sensor, the cleaning fan is provided with a cleaning fan rotating speed detection sensor, and an air outlet of the cleaning fan is provided with an air speed detection sensor. According to the test bed, the rotating speed of the threshing cylinder, the rotating speed of the fan and the vibration frequency of the cleaning sieve can be adaptively adjusted in real time through the PLC in the control table, so that the grain loss amount is reduced, and the accuracy of breeding test data is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a threshing and cleaning test bench. Background Art

[0002] The threshing and cleaning test bench can simulate the threshing, separation and cleaning processes. By observing and analyzing the phenomena such as unthreshed grains, entrainment, stem and grain breakage, and cracks generated during the threshing and cleaning processes, the threshing and cleaning performance of the equipment can be evaluated, and the design scheme of the threshing and cleaning device can be optimized.

[0003] By studying the influence of the gap between the threshing rasp bar and the concave screen on threshing damage through the threshing test bench, the optimal threshing gap can be determined; by studying the influence laws of the rotational speed of the cleaning fan and the vibration frequency of the vibrating cleaning screen on the threshing loss rate, threshing damage rate, and threshing impurity content through the threshing test bench, the optimal data combination of the rotational speed of the cleaning fan and the vibration frequency of the vibrating cleaning screen can be determined.

[0004] The threshing and cleaning test bench can also provide accurate and efficient threshing and cleaning tools for seed companies and research institutions, which is helpful for the work of scientific research personnel. By precisely controlling the loss rate and seed purity during the threshing process, the accuracy and comparability of test data can be ensured. However, the existing threshing and cleaning test benches have problems such as the unadjustable rotational speeds of the threshing roller and the cleaning fan, incomplete threshing and cleaning of grains, and high seed breakage rate, making it difficult to meet the usage requirements of scientific research personnel.

[0005] In the prior art, a Chinese invention patent named "A New Type of Multifunctional Grain Threshing Test Bench" with the authorization announcement number of CN115362833B overcomes the problems of the existing grain threshing test bench lacking control of the grain feeding amount, inability to adjust the horizontal inclination angle of the threshing roller and the rotational speed of the threshing roller, lack of the function of collecting and weighing grains in different zones, inability to collect threshing debris for threshing effect evaluation, and difficulty in moving. However, this test bench has a poor impurity removal effect and cannot be used for breeding scientific research work.

[0006] Therefore, based on the above technical problems, those skilled in the art urgently need to develop a threshing and cleaning test bench. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a threshing and cleaning test bench. Rotational speed sensors are installed at the threshing drum shaft and the fan shaft of the test bench of the present invention, a wind speed detection sensor is installed at the fan outlet, and a grain loss monitoring sensor is installed at the end of the lower cleaning sieve. According to the amount of grain loss, the rotational speed of the threshing drum, the rotational speed of the fan, and the vibration frequency of the cleaning sieve can be adaptively adjusted in real time through the PLC controller in the control console, thereby reducing the amount of grain loss, ensuring the accuracy of breeding test data, adopting a conveyor belt type conveying device, reducing the probability of seed storage in the threshing bin, and improving the conveying efficiency of the threshed materials.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0009] A threshing and cleaning test bench of the present invention, the test bench comprising:

[0010] A frame;

[0011] A feeding assembly integrated at one end of the tail of the frame, the feeding assembly conveying the grains input into the feeding assembly to the downstream of the process through a feeding belt group;

[0012] A threshing assembly located at the downstream end of the process of the feeding assembly and receiving the grains conveyed by the feeding assembly, the threshing assembly comprising a threshing cylinder and a concave sieve located below the threshing cylinder, a conveyor belt is arranged below the concave sieve, and the mixture of grains and minute impurities (broken leaves, glumes, sediment) separated by the threshing assembly is conveyed to the downstream of the process by the conveyor belt;

[0013] A cleaning assembly, the cleaning assembly is divided into an upper cleaning sieve located at the downstream end of the process of the threshing assembly and a lower cleaning sieve located at the downstream end of the process of the conveyor belt, the lower cleaning sieve is used to receive the grains conveyed by the conveyor belt, the upper cleaning sieve receives the mixture of grains mixed with larger-sized impurities (bracts, broken stalks, cob core fragments) generated after separation, and a grain collecting funnel is arranged below the lower cleaning sieve;

[0014] The test bench further comprises:

[0015] A cleaning fan, the air outlet of the cleaning fan faces the lower cleaning sieve;

[0016] The threshing cylinder is provided with a threshing cylinder rotation speed detection sensor, the cleaning fan is provided with a cleaning fan rotation speed detection sensor, and the air outlet of the cleaning fan is provided with a wind speed detection sensor.

[0017] Further, the feeding assembly comprises:

[0018] A feeding push plate capable of moving along a push plate slide rail; and

[0019] The feeding belt group;

[0020] The grains input into the feeding assembly are pushed to the feeding belt group by the feeding push plate, the feeding belt group comprises two feeding belts arranged at a certain angle, and the space between the two feeding belts is a grain feeding channel, and the grain discharge end of the grain feeding channel faces the feed inlet of the threshing cylinder.

[0021] Further, the edge of the threshing cylinder of the threshing assembly has threshing rasp bars;

[0022] The threshing drum is driven to rotate by a belt through a threshing drum motor integrated in the frame;

[0023] Both ends of the concave plate screen are assembled with the threshing bin shell through threshing gap adjusting screws;

[0024] The space between the threshing drum and the concave screen is a grain threshing space, and the grains obtained after separation pass through the concave screen and fall onto the conveyor belt;

[0025] A draft-pulling wheel is integrated on one side of the downstream end of the threshing drum, and the draft-pulling wheel is used to throw the threshed grain mixture mixed with larger impurities (husks, broken stems, and ear core fragments) to the cleaning upper screen;

[0026] The draft wheel is driven to rotate by a draft wheel motor integrated in the frame.

[0027] Furthermore, a concave screen front curtain is provided at the end of the concave screen to prevent the grains from sliding to the outside of the device through the concave screen front curtain.

[0028] Furthermore, the cleaning upper screening is divided into an upper screening first section and an upper screening second section which are arranged in sequence along the process flow;

[0029] The first section of the upper screen is located above the conveyor belt, and the second section of the upper screen is located above the cleaning lower screen;

[0030] When the seed mixture mixed with larger impurities (husks, broken stems, and cob core fragments) is transported in the first section of the upper screen, the seeds pass through the first section of the upper screen and fall onto the conveyor belt;

[0031] When the seed mixture mixed with larger impurities (husks, broken stems, and cob core fragments) is transported on the second stage of the upper screen, the short stems mixed with the long stems fall into the lower cleaning screen;

[0032] A grain loss monitoring sensor is installed at the end of the cleaning lower screen.

[0033] Further, the two ends of the cleaning lower screen are respectively provided with a lower screen inclination front adjustment plate and a lower screen inclination rear adjustment plate, and the lower screen inclination front adjustment plate and the lower screen inclination rear adjustment plate are respectively provided with a plurality of mounting long slots, and the inclination of the cleaning lower screen is adjusted by the cooperation of the fastening seat and the different mounting long slots;

[0034] A front air guide plate is arranged below the cleaning lower screen and cooperates with the air outlet of the cleaning fan to form an airflow guide.

[0035] Further, a threshing drum pulley is installed at the end of the threshing drum, a feeding belt driving roller of the feeding belt is installed with a feeding belt driving roller gear and a feeding belt pulley, and a feeding belt driven roller of the feeding belt is installed with a feeding belt driven roller gear;

[0036] The threshing drum pulley is driven by a belt and the feeding belt pulley to drive the feeding belt driving roller gear to rotate, and the feeding belt driven roller gear is meshed with the feeding belt driving roller gear to be driven to rotate by the feeding belt driving roller gear.

[0037] Furthermore, the cleaning upper screen and the cleaning lower screen are driven to move by a transmission rocker assembly;

[0038] The transmission rocker assembly comprises:

[0039] A driving connecting rod with one end hinged to the threshing drum pulley, and the other end of the driving connecting rod is hinged to the driving rocker;

[0040] The driving rocker is transmission-connected with a driving crossbar, and one end of the driving crossbar away from the driving rocker is connected to the upper screen long connecting rod through a mounting block;

[0041] Both ends of the upper screen long connecting rod are connected with an upper screen rotating rod;

[0042] The lower cleaning screen is connected with a lower screen horizontal connecting rod, a lower screen rear rocking rod and a lower screen front rocking rod. The lower screen front rocking rod is hinged with the lower screen horizontal connecting rod, one end of the lower screen rear rocking rod is connected with the lower screen horizontal connecting rod, and the upper end of the lower screen rear rocking rod is connected with an upper screen rotating rod close to it through an upper screen rotating rod.

[0043] In the above technical solution, the threshing and cleaning test bench provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0044] The test bench of the present invention is equipped with rotation speed sensors at the threshing drum shaft and the fan shaft, a wind speed detection sensor is installed at the fan outlet, and a grain loss monitoring sensor is installed at the end of the cleaning lower screen. According to the amount of grain loss, the threshing drum rotation speed, the fan rotation speed and the cleaning screen vibration frequency can be adaptively adjusted in real time through a PLC controller in the control console, thereby reducing the amount of grain loss and ensuring the accuracy of breeding test data. A conveyor belt conveying device is adopted to reduce the probability of seeds being stored in the threshing bin and improve the conveying efficiency of the separated objects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0046] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the main mechanism distribution of a threshing and cleaning test bench disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of a threshing and cleaning test bench disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 3 Front view of a threshing and cleaning test bench disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the lower cleaning sieve of a threshing and cleaning test bench disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the transmission component of a threshing and cleaning test bench disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the positions of the various detection sensors of a threshing and cleaning test bench disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] Explanation of the reference numerals:

[0053] A, feeding component; B, threshing component; C, cleaning component; D, conveying component; E, grain collecting component; F, console assembly;

[0054] 1, feeding push plate; 2, feeding belt; 3, threshing cylinder; 4, front curtain of concave sieve; 5, concave sieve; 6, straw walker; 7, conveyor belt; 8, upper cleaning sieve; 9, cleaning fan; 10, lower cleaning sieve; 11, front air guide plate; 12, frame; 13, grain collecting funnel; 14, straw walker motor; 15, threshing cylinder motor; 16, cleaning fan motor; 17, threshing gap adjusting screw; 18, rear adjusting plate for lower sieve inclination; 19, fastening seat; 20, front adjusting plate for lower sieve inclination; 21, driven roller gear of feeding belt; 22, driving roller gear of feeding belt; 23, belt pulley of feeding belt; 24, belt pulley of threshing cylinder; 25, driving connecting rod; 26, driving rocker; 27, driving cross bar; 28, long connecting rod of upper sieve; 29, front rocker of lower sieve; 30, cross connecting rod of lower sieve; 31, rear rocker of lower sieve; 32, rotating rod of upper sieve; 33, threshing cylinder speed detection sensor; 34, cleaning fan speed detection sensor; 35, wind speed detection sensor; 36, grain loss monitoring sensor. Detailed implementation manners

[0055] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the present invention will be further introduced in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0056] See Figures 1 to 6 as shown;

[0057] A threshing and cleaning test bench according to this embodiment, the test bench comprising:

[0058] A frame 12;

[0059] A feeding component A integrated at one end of the tail of the frame 12, the feeding component A conveying the grains input into the feeding component A to the downstream of the process through a feeding belt group;

[0060] A threshing component B located at the downstream end of the process of the feeding component A and receiving the grains conveyed by the feeding component A, the threshing component B comprising a threshing cylinder 3 and a concave sieve 5 located below the threshing cylinder 3, a conveyor belt 7 being provided below the concave sieve 5, and the grains separated by the threshing component B being conveyed to the downstream of the process by means of the conveyor belt 7;

[0061] A cleaning component C, the cleaning component C being divided into an upper cleaning sieve 8 located at the downstream end of the process of the threshing component B and a lower cleaning sieve 10 located at the downstream end of the conveyor belt process, the lower cleaning sieve 10 being used to receive the mixed discharged materials of the grains and minute impurities (broken leaves, glumes, sediment) conveyed by the conveyor belt 7, the upper cleaning sieve 8 receiving the grain mixture mixed with larger-sized impurities (bracts, broken stalks, cob core fragments) generated after separation, and a grain collecting funnel 13 being provided below the lower cleaning sieve 10;

[0062] The test bench further comprises:

[0063] A cleaning fan 9, the air outlet of the cleaning fan 9 facing the lower cleaning sieve 10;

[0064] The threshing cylinder 3 is provided with a threshing cylinder rotation speed detection sensor 33, the cleaning fan 9 is provided with a cleaning fan rotation speed detection sensor 34, and a wind speed detection sensor 35 is provided at the air outlet of the cleaning fan 9.

[0065] Specifically, this embodiment discloses a new type of threshing and cleaning test bench, which is divided into a feeding component A, a threshing component B, a conveyor belt 7, a cleaning component C, and detection instruments for the corresponding equipment. Among them, after the feeding component A inputs grains, the grains are pushed into the threshing component B through the feeding component A. The threshing component B in this embodiment performs threshing operations through a threshing cylinder 3 and a concave sieve 5. Secondly, the conveyor belt 7 is used as the conveying structure for the grains, and the grains are conveyed to the lower cleaning sieve 10 downstream of the process. The cleaning component C in this embodiment further includes an upper cleaning sieve 8, which is mainly used to receive the large impurity mixture that still contains grains after threshing. The grains mixed in the long stalks are separated and conveyed to the conveyor belt 7 through the upper cleaning sieve 8, while the tiny impurity mixture in the long stalks is directly conveyed into the lower cleaning sieve 10. In this embodiment, a threshing cylinder speed detection sensor 33 is installed at the threshing cylinder 3, a cleaning fan speed detection sensor 34 is installed on the cleaning fan 9, and a wind speed detection sensor 35 is installed at the air outlet of the cleaning fan 9. The selection of several sensors is not unique, as long as the usage requirements are met, and the sensors are all connected to the equipment controller to transmit corresponding information.

[0066] Preferably, the feeding component A of this embodiment includes a feeding push plate 1 that can move along the push plate slide rail and a feeding belt group;

[0067] The grains input into the feeding component A are pushed to the feeding belt group through the feeding push plate 1. The feeding belt group includes two feeding belts 2 arranged at a certain angle, and the space between the two feeding belts 2 is the grain feeding channel, and the grain discharge end of the grain feeding channel faces the feed inlet of the threshing cylinder 3.

[0068] First of all, this embodiment further defines the composition of the feeding component A, which includes a feeding push plate 1 and a feeding belt 2. The feeding push plate 1 is installed in the feeding component A through the push plate slide rail. By pushing the feeding push plate 1, the grains can be pushed between the two feeding belts 2 with a certain inclination angle at the front end, and the grains are conveyed to the separating component B through the clamping and conveying of the two feeding belts 2 with a certain inclination angle.

[0069] Preferably, the edge of the threshing cylinder 3 of the threshing component B in this embodiment has threshing stripper bars; the threshing cylinder 3 is driven to rotate by a threshing cylinder motor 15 integrated on the frame 12 through a belt; both ends of the concave sieve 5 are assembled with the threshing bin housing through threshing gap adjusting screws 17; the space between the threshing cylinder 3 and the concave sieve 5 is the grain threshing space, and the grains obtained after separation pass through the concave sieve and fall onto the conveyor belt 7; on one side of the downstream end of the process of the threshing cylinder 3, a straw walker 6 is integrated, and the straw walker 6 is used to throw the grain mixture mixed with larger-sized impurities (bracts, broken stalks, cob core fragments) after threshing onto the upper cleaning sieve 8; the straw walker 6 is driven to rotate by a straw walker motor 14 integrated on the frame 12.

[0070] The concave screen 5 of the present embodiment is provided with a concave screen front curtain 4 at the end thereof, so as to prevent the seeds from sliding to the outside of the device through the concave screen front curtain 4 .

[0071] When grains are fed into the threshing assembly B through the feeding assembly A, the threshing assembly B of this embodiment is composed of a threshing drum 3 and a concave plate screen 5. The grains are impacted by the threshing rods for many times in the threshing assembly B, and most of the grains are removed at the front end of the concave plate screen 5. As the threshing gap gradually becomes smaller, and the grains near the surface of the concave plate screen 5 move slowly, while the grains near the rods move quickly, the grains are kneaded more and more strongly, and move toward the outlet in an undulating state, while generating high-frequency vibrations to remove the remaining grains. Below the concave plate screen 5 of this embodiment is a conveyor belt 7, which is used to transport the removed grains and transport them to the cleaning lower screen 10 downstream of the process. The concave screen 10 is equipped with a front curtain 4 to prevent the detached grains from falling out of the machine. At the same time, a draft-pulling wheel 6 is installed in front of the threshing drum 3 of this embodiment. The functions of the draft-pulling wheel 6 are: first, to throw the crop stems to the cleaning upper screen 8; second, to prevent the threshing drum 3 from bringing the crop stems back; third, to hit the crop stems after threshing to loosen them and facilitate the separation of grains and stems. The long stems after threshing are thrown to the cleaning upper screen 8 by the draft-pulling wheel 6.

[0072] In addition, the cleaning upper screen 8 of the present embodiment is divided into an upper screen first section and an upper screen second section which are arranged in sequence along the process flow; wherein, the upper screen first section is located above the conveyor belt 7, and the upper screen second section is located above the cleaning lower screen 10; when the grain mixture mixed with larger-sized impurities (bract leaves, broken stems, and fruit ear core fragments) is transmitted by the upper screen first section, the grains pass through the upper screen first section and fall onto the conveyor belt 7; when the grain mixture mixed with larger-sized impurities (bract leaves, broken stems, and fruit ear core fragments) is transmitted by the upper screen second section, the short stems mixed in the long stems fall into the cleaning lower screen 10; a grain loss monitoring sensor 36 is installed at the end of the cleaning lower screen 10.

[0073] Under the throwing action of the upper cleaning screen 8, part of the grains entrained in the stems of the grain mixture mixed with larger impurities (husks, broken stems, and fruit ear core fragments) are separated from the stems and fall onto the conveyor belt 7, while short stems fall onto the lower cleaning screen 10. The long stems are discharged out of the machine by the upper cleaning screen 8 and fall to the ground. The cleaning fan 9 is installed below the conveyor belt 7. Through the cleaning action of the cleaning fan 9, the short stems in the grains entrained on the lower cleaning screen 10 are discharged out of the machine. A grain collecting funnel 13 is installed below the lower cleaning screen 10, and the cleaned grains are collected into the grain storage box through the grain collecting funnel 13.

[0074] Preferably, the two ends of the cleaning lower screen 10 of this embodiment are respectively provided with a lower screen inclination front adjustment plate 20 and a lower screen inclination rear adjustment plate 18, and the lower screen inclination front adjustment plate 20 and the lower screen inclination rear adjustment plate 18 are respectively provided with a plurality of mounting long grooves, and the inclination angle of the cleaning lower screen 10 is adjusted by the cooperation of the fastening seat 19 and the different mounting long grooves;

[0075] A front air guide plate 11 is arranged below the cleaning lower screen 10 and cooperates with the air outlet of the cleaning fan 9 to form an airflow guide.

[0076] The frame 12 of the present embodiment is fixedly mounted with a threshing drum motor 15 and a cleaning fan motor 16, which are used to drive the threshing drum 3 and the cleaning fan impeller to rotate respectively through a belt. The concave plate screen 5 of the present embodiment is fixedly mounted on the threshing bin housing through a threshing gap adjusting screw 17, and the size of the threshing gap can be further adjusted by threshing with the threshing gap adjusting screw. The front end of the cleaning lower screen 10 of the present embodiment is mounted with a lower screen inclination front adjustment plate 20, and the end is mounted with a lower screen inclination rear adjustment plate 18. The lower screen is mounted on the lower screen horizontal connecting rod 30 described below in the present embodiment through a fastening seat 19. At the same time, the fastening seat 19 is connected to the different installation slots of the inclination adjustment plate to adjust the inclination of the cleaning lower screen 10.

[0077] Preferably, a threshing drum pulley 24 is installed at the end of the threshing drum 3 of the present embodiment, a feeding belt driving roller gear 22 and a feeding belt pulley 23 are installed on the feeding belt driving roller of the feeding belt 2, and a feeding belt driven roller gear 21 is installed on the feeding belt driven roller of the feeding belt 2;

[0078] The threshing drum pulley 24 is driven by a belt and a feeding belt pulley 23 to drive the feeding belt driving roller gear 22 to rotate, and the feeding belt driven roller gear 21 is meshed with the feeding belt driving roller gear 22 to be driven to rotate by the feeding belt driving roller gear 22.

[0079] Preferably, the cleaning upper screen 8 and the cleaning lower screen 10 of this embodiment are driven to move by a transmission rocker assembly;

[0080] The transmission rocker assembly includes:

[0081] A driving connecting rod 25 having one end hinged to the threshing drum pulley 24, and the other end of the driving connecting rod 25 hinged to the driving rocker 26;

[0082] The driving rocker 26 is connected to the driving cross bar 27, and the end of the driving cross bar 27 away from the driving rocker 26 is connected to the upper screen long connecting rod 28 through a mounting block;

[0083] Both ends of the upper screen long connecting rod 28 are connected to the upper screen rotating rod 32;

[0084] The cleaning lower sieve 10 is connected with a lower sieve horizontal connecting rod 30, a lower sieve rear rocker 31, and a lower sieve front rocker 29. The lower sieve front rocker 29 is hinged to the lower sieve horizontal connecting rod 30. One end of the lower sieve rear rocker 31 is connected to the lower sieve horizontal connecting rod 30, and the upper end of the lower sieve rear rocker 31 is connected to a nearby upper sieve rotating rod 32 through an upper sieve rotating rod 32.

[0085] Preferably, a grain loss monitoring sensor 36 is installed at the end of the cleaning lower sieve 10 in this embodiment. The piezoelectric material of the grain loss monitoring sensor generates an electrical signal, and the grain loss amount is calculated according to the grain loss monitoring model, so as to detect the grain loss amount on the cleaning lower sieve 10. Speed sensors are installed on one side of the shafts of the cleaning fan 9 and the threshing cylinder 3, and a wind speed detection sensor 35 is installed at the air outlet of the cleaning fan 9. When the grain loss monitoring sensor 36 detects that the loss amount is too large, the grain loss monitoring sensor 36 feeds back the grain loss amount information, the speed sensor feeds back the speed information, and the wind speed detection sensor feeds back the wind speed information to the PLC controller in the console. The PLC controller makes a decision according to the amount of loss and issues a control instruction to change the speed of the threshing cylinder 3, adjust the vibration frequencies of the cleaning upper sieve 8 and the cleaning lower sieve 10, and change the speed of the cleaning fan 9 to adjust the wind speed of the cleaning fan 9, so as to ensure that the grain loss amount of the threshed material meets the national standard requirements.

[0086] In the above technical solution, a threshing and cleaning test bench provided by the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0087] For the test bench of the present invention, speed sensors are installed at the threshing cylinder shaft and the fan shaft, a wind speed detection sensor 35 is installed at the fan outlet, and a grain loss monitoring sensor 36 is installed at the end of the cleaning lower sieve 10. According to the amount of grain loss, the PLC controller in the console can adaptively adjust the speed of the threshing cylinder 3, the fan speed, and the vibration frequency of the cleaning sieve in real time, so as to reduce the grain loss amount and ensure the accuracy of the breeding test data. The belt conveyor type conveying device is adopted, which reduces the probability of storing seeds in the threshing bin and improves the conveying efficiency of the threshed material.

[0088] Only some exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described by way of illustration above. Undoubtedly, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, the above drawings and descriptions are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A threshing and cleaning test bench, characterized in that: The test bench comprises: Rack (12); A feeding assembly (A) integrated at one end of the rear portion of the frame (12), wherein the feeding assembly (A) transports the grains fed into the feeding assembly (A) to a downstream process via a feeding belt assembly (A); a threshing assembly (B) located at the process downstream end of the feeding assembly (A) and receiving the grains transported by the feeding assembly (A), the threshing assembly (B) comprising a threshing drum (3) and a concave plate screen (5) located below the threshing drum (3), a conveyor belt (7) being arranged below the concave plate screen (5), and the grains separated by the threshing assembly (B) are transported to the process downstream by means of the conveyor belt (7); A cleaning component (C), the cleaning component (C) is divided into an upper cleaning screen (8) located at the process downstream end of the threshing component (B) and a lower cleaning screen (10) located at the process downstream end of the conveyor belt (7), the lower cleaning screen (10) is used to receive the mixed product of grains and tiny impurities transmitted by the conveyor belt (7), the upper cleaning screen (8) receives the mixture of grains mixed with larger impurities produced after separation, and a grain collecting funnel (13) is arranged below the lower cleaning screen (10); The test bench also includes: a cleaning fan (9), wherein the air outlet of the cleaning fan (9) is directed toward the cleaning lower screen; The threshing drum (3) is provided with a threshing drum speed detection sensor (33), the cleaning fan (9) is provided with a cleaning fan speed detection sensor (34), and the air outlet of the cleaning fan (9) is provided with a wind speed detection sensor (35).

2. A threshing and cleaning test bench according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding assembly (A) comprises: A feed push plate (1) capable of moving along a push plate slide rail; and The feeding belt group; The grains fed into the feeding assembly are pushed to the feeding belt group by the feeding push plate (1), and the feeding belt group comprises two feeding belts (2) arranged at a certain angle, and the space between the two feeding belts (2) is a grain feeding channel, and the grain discharge end of the grain feeding channel faces the feed port of the threshing drum (3).

3. A threshing and cleaning test bench according to claim 2, characterized in that: The edge of the threshing drum (3) of the threshing assembly (B) is provided with a threshing rod; The threshing drum (3) is driven to rotate by a belt through a threshing drum motor (15) integrated in the frame (12); Both ends of the concave plate screen (5) are assembled with the threshing bin housing via a threshing gap adjusting screw (17); The space between the threshing drum (3) and the concave screen (5) is a grain threshing space, and the grains obtained after separation pass through the concave screen (5) and fall onto the conveyor belt (7); A knocking wheel (6) is integrated on one side of the downstream end of the threshing drum (3), and the knocking wheel (6) is used to throw the threshed seed mixture mixed with larger impurities onto the cleaning upper screen (8); The draft-pulling wheel (6) is driven to rotate by a draft-pulling wheel motor (14) integrated in the frame (12).

4. A threshing and cleaning test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: A concave screen front baffle curtain (4) is provided at the end of the concave screen (5) so as to prevent the seeds from sliding to the outside of the device through the concave screen front baffle curtain (4).

5. A threshing and cleaning test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: The cleaning upper screen (8) is divided into an upper screen first section and an upper screen second section which are arranged in sequence along the process flow; The first section of the upper screen is located above the conveyor belt (7), and the second section of the upper screen is located above the cleaning lower screen (10); When the seed mixture mixed with larger-sized impurities is transported on the first section of the upper screen, the seeds pass through the first section of the upper screen and fall onto the conveyor belt (7); When the seed mixture mixed with larger impurities is transported on the second stage of the upper screen, the short stems mixed with the long stems fall into the cleaning lower screen (10); A seed loss monitoring sensor (36) is installed at the end of the cleaning lower screen (10).

6. A threshing and cleaning test bench according to claim 5, characterized in that: The two ends of the cleaning lower screen (10) are respectively provided with a lower screen inclination front adjustment plate (20) and a lower screen inclination rear adjustment plate (18), and the lower screen inclination front adjustment plate (20) and the lower screen inclination rear adjustment plate (18) are respectively provided with a plurality of mounting long slots, and the inclination of the cleaning lower screen (10) is adjusted by the cooperation of the fastening seat (19) and the different mounting long slots; A front air guide plate (11) is provided below the cleaning lower screen (10) and cooperates with the air outlet of the cleaning fan (9) to form an airflow guide.

7. A threshing and cleaning test bench according to claim 3, characterized in that: A threshing drum pulley (24) is installed at the end of the threshing drum (3), a feeding belt driving roller of the feeding belt (2) is installed with a feeding belt driving roller gear (22) and a feeding belt pulley (23), and a feeding belt driven roller of the feeding belt (2) is installed with a feeding belt driven roller gear (21); The threshing drum pulley (24) is driven by a belt and the feeding belt pulley (23) to drive the feeding belt driving roller gear (22) to rotate, and the feeding belt driven roller gear (21) is meshed with the feeding belt driving roller gear (22) to be driven to rotate by the feeding belt driving roller gear (22).

8. A threshing and cleaning test bench according to claim 7, characterized in that: The cleaning upper screen (8) and the cleaning lower screen (10) are driven to move by a transmission rocker assembly; The transmission rocker assembly comprises: A driving connecting rod (25) having one end hinged to the threshing drum pulley (24), and the other end of the driving connecting rod (25) hinged to a driving rocking arm (26); The driving rocker (26) is connected to a driving crossbar (27) in a transmission manner, and one end of the driving crossbar (27) away from the driving rocker (26) is connected to an upper screen long connecting rod (28) through a mounting block; Both ends of the upper screen long connecting rod (28) are connected to upper screen rotating rods (32); The cleaning lower screen (10) is connected with a lower screen transverse connecting rod (30), a lower screen rear rocking rod (31), and a lower screen front rocking rod (32); the lower screen front rocking rod (29) is hinged to the lower screen transverse connecting rod (30); one end of the lower screen rear rocking rod (31) is connected to the lower screen transverse connecting rod (30); and the upper end of the lower screen rear rocking rod (31) is connected to an upper screen rotating rod (32) adjacent to the lower screen via an upper screen rotating rod (32).

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