Corn grit grading crushing device

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of crushing devices, and discloses a corn grit grading crushing device which comprises a machine frame fixedly provided with a shell and a driving unit, a feeding hopper and a discharging hopper are fixed to the shell, a rolling unit, a crushing unit and a screening unit are sequentially arranged in the shell from top to bottom, a screening plate is arranged in the screening unit, and a crushing unit is arranged in the screening plate. A plurality of through holes are formed in the sieve plate, elastic cylinders are fixed in the through holes, sieve holes are formed in the centers of the elastic cylinders, annular cavities are formed in the cylinder walls of the elastic cylinders, and an upper adjusting mechanism and a lower adjusting mechanism which are the same in structure are fixed in the annular cavities; the upper adjusting mechanism comprises a plurality of magnetic repulsion pieces arranged in the circumferential direction of the annular cavity, each magnetic repulsion piece comprises an electromagnet and a magnetic block which are matched in a magnetic repulsion mode, an outer groove and an inner groove which are opposite are formed in the inner wall of the annular cavity, the electromagnets are fixedly embedded in the outer grooves, and the magnetic blocks are fixedly embedded in the inner grooves; according to the invention, the aperture size of the sieve pores can be adjusted according to actual needs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of crushing devices, and particularly relates to a corn grit classification and crushing device. Background Art

[0002] In the process of corn grit processing, first, the corn needs to be crushed, and then the crushed corn is screened through a filter screen. The corn kernels that meet the required size pass through the filter screen and are collected, while the corn kernels that do not meet the required size remain above the filter screen and continue to be crushed until the required corn kernel size is reached. However, the filter holes of the filter screen in general crushing devices have fixed pore sizes. When different specifications of corn kernel sizes are required, the crushing device needs to be stopped first, and then the filter screen needs to be replaced. This method is undoubtedly rather cumbersome. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above situation, to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a corn grit classification and crushing device, which effectively solves the problem that the filter holes of the filter screen in general crushing devices have fixed pore sizes. When different specifications of corn kernel sizes are required, the crushing device needs to be stopped first, and then the filter screen needs to be replaced. This method is undoubtedly rather cumbersome.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A corn grit classification and crushing device includes a frame fixed with a housing and a driving unit. A feed hopper and a discharge hopper are fixed on the housing. Inside the housing, a rolling unit, a crushing unit, and a screening unit are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. A sieve plate is arranged inside the screening unit. A plurality of through holes are formed on the sieve plate. Elastic cylinders are fixed in the plurality of through holes. A sieve hole is formed at the center of the elastic cylinder. An annular cavity is formed on the cylinder wall of the elastic cylinder. An upper adjusting mechanism and a lower adjusting mechanism with the same structure are fixed in the annular cavity. The upper adjusting mechanism includes a plurality of magnetic repulsion members arranged circumferentially along the annular cavity. The magnetic repulsion member includes an electromagnet and a magnetic block with mutually repulsive magnetic properties. Opposite outer grooves and inner grooves are formed on the inner wall of the annular cavity. The electromagnet is fixedly embedded in the outer groove, and the magnetic block is fixedly embedded in the inner groove.

[0005] Preferably, when the top aperture of the sieve hole is equal to the bottom aperture of the sieve hole, the repulsive force between the electromagnet and the magnetic block in the upper adjusting mechanism is equal to the repulsive force between the electromagnet and the magnetic block in the lower adjusting mechanism. When the top aperture of the sieve hole is larger than the bottom aperture of the sieve hole, the repulsive force between the electromagnet and the magnetic block in the upper adjusting mechanism is smaller than the repulsive force between the electromagnet and the magnetic block in the lower adjusting mechanism.

[0006] When the top aperture of the sieve hole is smaller than the bottom aperture of the sieve hole, the repulsive force between the electromagnet and the magnetic block in the upper adjustment mechanism is greater than the repulsive force between the electromagnet and the magnetic block in the lower adjustment mechanism.

[0007] Preferably, the structures at the upper and lower ends of the elastic cylinder are symmetrically distributed, and the thickness dimension from the inner top wall of the annular cavity to the outer top wall of the elastic cylinder is smaller than the thickness dimension from the inner side wall of the annular cavity to the outer side wall of the elastic cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, a side opening is provided on the outer wall of the feed hopper, a baffle is slidably arranged inside the side opening, and the baffle is in an L shape.

[0009] Preferably, the rolling unit includes a rolling motor, two rolling rollers and two transmission gears. The two rolling rollers are both rotatably arranged in the shell, the two transmission gears are respectively fixed on the two rolling rollers and are meshed with each other, and the rolling motor is fixed on the outer wall of the shell and is used to drive one of the rolling rollers.

[0010] Preferably, the crushing unit includes a central shaft and a plurality of crushing mechanisms. The central shaft is rotatably arranged in the shell, the plurality of crushing mechanisms are all fixed on the central shaft, the crushing mechanism includes a disc body and a plurality of crushing knives, the disc body is fixed on the central shaft, and the plurality of crushing knives are all rotatably arranged at the edge of the disc body; crushing teeth are formed on both sides of the edge of the disc body and the crushing knives, and the shape of the crushing teeth is triangular.

[0011] Preferably, the driving unit includes a driving motor, a transmission belt and two belt pulleys. The driving motor is fixed on the frame, the two belt pulleys are respectively fixed on the output shaft of the driving motor and the central shaft, and the two belt pulleys are connected by the transmission belt.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of elastic support parts are fixed in the middle of the annular cavity, and the plurality of elastic support parts are all located between the upper adjustment mechanism and the lower adjustment mechanism.

[0013] Preferably, the screening unit includes a plurality of supports, a plurality of springs, a sieve plate and a vibration motor. The plurality of supports are all fixed in the shell, and the plurality of supports are fixed to the sieve plate through a plurality of springs, and the vibration motor is fixed on the sieve plate.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. During operation, through the cooperation of the elastic cylinder, the upper adjustment mechanism and the lower adjustment mechanism, etc., the aperture size of the sieve hole can be adjusted according to actual needs, so as to realize the adjustment of the sieve hole without stopping the machine.

[0015] 2. During operation, when the aperture of the sieve hole is basically equal up and down, the screening requirements of corn kernels of different specifications can be met.

[0016] 3. During operation, when the aperture of the sieve hole is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, the entrance end is wider, which is conducive to the rapid entry of materials into the sieve hole. It is mainly suitable for dry materials with good fluidity. Its structure can maintain a high screening accuracy and is suitable for scenes with strict requirements on particle size classification.

[0017] 4. During operation, when the aperture of the sieve is small at the top and large at the bottom, the wider outlet reduces the clogging problem and may allow some particles close to the size of the sieve to pass through. This is suitable for working conditions that require a higher processing volume and relatively loose requirements on accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The accompanying drawings are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. They are used to explain the present invention together with the embodiments of the present invention and do not constitute a limitation of the present invention.

[0019] In the attached picture: Figure 1 This is one of the structural schematic diagrams of a corn grits grading and crushing device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a second structural schematic diagram of a corn grits grading and crushing device of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the central axis installation structure of the present invention; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 The enlarged structural diagram at A in the middle; Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the sieve plate structure of the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 5 The enlarged structural diagram at B in the middle; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the elastic tube of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1. frame; 2. shell; 3. feed hopper; 4. discharge hopper; 5. sieve plate; 6. through hole; 7. elastic cylinder; 8. sieve hole; 9. annular cavity; 10. electromagnet; 11. magnetic block; 12. outer groove; 13. inner groove; 14. side opening; 15. baffle plate; 16. rolling roller; 17. transmission gear; 18. center axis; 19. disc; 20. crushing knife; 21. crushing teeth; 22. driving motor; 23. transmission belt; 24. pulley; 25. elastic support; 26. support; 27. spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] In the process of grits processing, first, the corn needs to be crushed, and then the crushed corn is screened through a filter screen, so that the corn kernels meeting the required size pass through the filter screen and are collected, while the corn kernels not meeting the required size remain above the filter screen and continue to be crushed until the required corn kernel size is reached. However, the filter holes of the filter screen in general crushing devices have fixed pore sizes. When different specifications of corn kernel sizes are required, the crushing device needs to be stopped first, and then the filter screen needs to be replaced. This method is undoubtedly rather cumbersome, so this technical problem needs to be solved.

[0023] It is Figures 1-7 shown that the present invention relates to a grits grading and crushing device, which includes a frame 1 fixed with a housing 2 and a driving unit. A feed hopper 3 and a discharge hopper 4 are fixed on the housing 2. Inside the housing 2, a rolling unit, a crushing unit, and a screening unit are successively arranged from top to bottom. A sieve plate 5 is arranged inside the screening unit. A plurality of through holes 6 are formed on the sieve plate 5. Elastic cylinders 7 are fixed in the plurality of through holes 6. A sieve hole 8 is formed at the center of the elastic cylinder 7. An annular cavity 9 is formed on the cylinder wall of the elastic cylinder 7. An upper adjusting mechanism and a lower adjusting mechanism with the same structure are fixed in the annular cavity 9; With such a design, the corn is put into the interior of the housing 2 through the feed hopper 3, so that the corn falls above the screening unit. During this period, the corn is rolled by the rolling unit to facilitate improving the crushing rate of the subsequent crushing unit on the corn. Then, the crushed corn is crushed by the crushing unit. The generated corn kernels after crushing fall above the screening unit. The qualified corn kernels can pass through the sieve plate 5 in the screening unit and be discharged through the discharge hopper 4, while the unqualified corn kernels remain above the sieve plate 5 and continue to be crushed by the crushing unit.

[0024] Specifically, in this device, the corn kernels are screened through the sieve holes 8 at the center of the elastic cylinders 7. When the aperture size of the sieve holes 8 needs to be changed, only the upper and lower aperture sizes of the sieve holes 8 need to be adjusted respectively by the upper adjusting mechanism and the lower adjusting mechanism, so that the aperture size of the sieve holes 8 can be set reasonably according to actual needs to obtain different specifications of corn kernels. Among them, the elastic cylinders 7 are made of wear-resistant rubber or silica gel and other materials.

[0025] Specifically, the upper adjusting mechanism includes a plurality of magnetic repulsion members arranged circumferentially along the annular cavity 9. The magnetic repulsion members include an electromagnet 10 and a magnetic block 11 that are magnetically repelled and cooperated with each other. Opposite outer grooves 12 and inner grooves 13 are formed in the inner wall of the annular cavity 9. The electromagnet 10 is fixedly embedded in the outer groove 12, and the magnetic block 11 is fixedly embedded in the inner groove 13.

[0026] With such a design, when the electromagnet 10 is energized, the magnetism generated by it repels the magnetism of the magnetic block 11. Thus, under the action of the magnetic force, the top aperture of the elastic cylinder 7 becomes smaller, thereby changing the screening aperture of the sieve hole 8. In short, by controlling the magnitude of the current passing through the electromagnet 10, the magnitude of the magnetic force generated by the electromagnet 10 is controlled, so as to achieve the adjustment of the screening aperture of the sieve hole 8.

[0027] It should be noted that the magnitude of the current in the electromagnet 10 can be controlled by controlling a switch or a sliding rheostat, etc. This is an existing technology, so it will not be elaborated too much.

[0028] In this device, there are three specific states of the sieve hole 8, which are as follows: The first state: When the top aperture of the sieve hole 8 is equal to the bottom aperture of the sieve hole 8, the repulsive force between the electromagnet 10 and the magnetic block 11 in the upper adjusting mechanism is equal to the repulsive force between the electromagnet 10 and the magnetic block 11 in the lower adjusting mechanism.

[0029] With such a design, the aperture of the sieve hole 8 is basically equal up and down, and its overall shape is roughly cylindrical. By adjusting the current in the electromagnet 10 in the upper adjusting mechanism and the electromagnet 10 in the lower adjusting mechanism, the aperture adjustment at both ends of the sieve hole 8 can be realized, so as to meet the screening requirements of different specifications of corn kernels.

[0030] The second state: When the top aperture of the sieve hole 8 is greater than the bottom aperture of the sieve hole 8, the repulsive force between the electromagnet 10 and the magnetic block 11 in the upper adjusting mechanism is less than the repulsive force between the electromagnet 10 and the magnetic block 11 in the lower adjusting mechanism.

[0031] With such a design, since the aperture of the sieve hole 8 is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom, the inlet end is wider, which is beneficial to the rapid entry of materials into the sieve hole 8. It is mainly applicable to dry and highly fluid materials, and its structure can maintain a high screening accuracy, which is suitable for scenarios with strict requirements for particle size classification.

[0032] The third state: When the top aperture of the sieve hole 8 is less than the bottom aperture of the sieve hole 8, the repulsive force between the electromagnet 10 and the magnetic block 11 in the upper adjusting mechanism is greater than the repulsive force between the electromagnet 10 and the magnetic block 11 in the lower adjusting mechanism.

[0033] With such a design, the aperture of the sieve hole 8 is smaller at the upper end and larger at the lower end. Since the outlet end is wider, the blockage problem is reduced. It may allow some particles close to the size of the sieve hole 8 to pass through, and is suitable for working conditions that require a relatively high throughput and relatively loose precision requirements.

[0034] It should be noted that this device can not only set the sieve holes 8 in different states according to actual needs, but also adjust the effective screening aperture of the sieve holes 8 in different states according to actual needs to adapt to the requirements of different specifications of corn kernels.

[0035] In order to facilitate the adjustment of the aperture sizes at both ends of the sieve hole 8, the structures at the upper and lower ends of the elastic cylinder 7 are symmetrically distributed, and the thickness dimension from the inner top wall of the annular cavity 9 to the outer top wall of the elastic cylinder 7 is smaller than the thickness dimension from the inner side wall of the annular cavity 9 to the outer side wall of the elastic cylinder 7.

[0036] With such a design, through a special thickness design, the elastic cylinder 7 is more easily deformed radially, thus facilitating the adjustment of the aperture sizes at both ends of the sieve hole 8.

[0037] Considering that if the feeding rate of corn is too fast, it will affect the crushing rate of the crushing unit for corn. A side opening 14 is provided on the outer wall of the feeding hopper 3, and a baffle 15 is slidably arranged inside the side opening 14, and the shape of the baffle 15 is L-shaped.

[0038] With such a design, by pulling the baffle 15, the effective passing area of the corn in the feeding hopper 3 can be adjusted, thereby adjusting the feeding rate of the corn to ensure the crushing effect of the crushing unit.

[0039] Specifically, the rolling unit includes a rolling motor, two rolling rollers 16 and two transmission gears 17. The two rolling rollers 16 are both rotatably arranged in the housing 2. The two transmission gears 17 are respectively fixed on the two rolling rollers 16 and are meshed with each other. The rolling motor is fixed on the outer wall of the housing 2 and is used to drive one of the rolling rollers 16.

[0040] With such a design, by driving one of the rolling rollers 16 to rotate through the rolling motor, under the action of the two transmission gears 17, the two rolling rollers 16 rotate synchronously to perform a rolling operation on the passing corn, so as to facilitate the subsequent crushing operation of the crushing unit; the two transmission gears 17 can be surrounded by a protective shell to isolate them, or the two transmission gears 17 can be directly arranged outside the housing 2.

[0041] Specifically, the crushing unit includes a central shaft 18 and multiple crushing mechanisms. The central shaft 18 is rotatably arranged in the shell 2, and the multiple crushing mechanisms are all fixed on the central shaft 18. The crushing mechanism includes a disc body 19 and multiple crushing knives 20. The disc body 19 is fixed on the central shaft 18, and the multiple crushing knives 20 are all rotatably arranged on the edge of the disc body 19; crushing teeth 21 are formed on the edge of the disc body 19 and on both sides of the crushing knives 20, and the shape of the crushing teeth 21 is triangular.

[0042] In this design, the central shaft 18 is driven by the driving unit, the central shaft 18 drives the disk body 19 thereon to rotate, the disk body 19 drives the crushing knife 20 thereon to rotate, the corn is crushed by the crushing knife 20, and the crushing teeth 21 are set to improve the crushing effect of the corn and speed up the crushing operation.

[0043] Specifically, the driving unit includes a driving motor 22, a transmission belt 23 and two pulleys 24. The driving motor 22 is fixed on the frame 1. The two pulleys 24 are respectively fixed on the output shaft of the driving motor 22 and the central shaft 18. The two pulleys 24 are connected by the transmission belt 23.

[0044] In this design, the driving motor 22 drives the pulley 24 thereon to rotate, and the pulley 24 drives another pulley 24 to rotate through the transmission belt 23, thereby driving the central shaft 18 to rotate.

[0045] In order to improve the effective strength of the middle portion of the annular cavity 9 , a plurality of elastic support portions 25 are fixed in the middle portion of the annular cavity 9 , and the plurality of elastic support portions 25 are all located between the upper adjustment mechanism and the lower adjustment mechanism.

[0046] Specifically, the screening unit includes multiple supports 26 , multiple springs 27 , a sieve plate 5 and a vibration motor. The multiple supports 26 are all fixed in the shell 2 , and the multiple supports 26 are fixed to the sieve plate 5 through the multiple springs 27 , and the vibration motor is fixed on the sieve plate 5 .

[0047] With this design, the vibration motor and the spring 27 cooperate to make the screen plate 5 vibrate when starting, and the screen plate 5 drives the corn thereon to vibrate, thereby increasing the contact probability between the corn and the crushing knife 20, thereby increasing the crushing rate of the corn.

[0048] It should be noted that in this text, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprising", "including" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device comprising a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0049] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A corn grits grading and crushing device, comprising a frame (1) fixed with a housing (2) and a driving unit, wherein a feed hopper (3) and a discharge hopper (4) are fixed on the housing (2), and it is characterized in that, Inside the said housing (2), there are successively arranged a rolling unit, a crushing unit and a screening unit from top to bottom. A sieve plate (5) is arranged inside the screening unit. A plurality of through holes (6) are formed in the sieve plate (5). Elastic cylinders (7) are fixed in each of the plurality of through holes (6). A sieve hole (8) is formed at the center of the elastic cylinder (7). An annular cavity (9) is formed on the cylinder wall of the elastic cylinder (7). An upper adjusting mechanism and a lower adjusting mechanism with the same structure are fixed in the annular cavity (9). The upper adjusting mechanism includes a plurality of magnetic repulsion members arranged circumferentially along the annular cavity (9). The magnetic repulsion member includes an electromagnet (10) and a magnetic block (11) which are magnetically repulsively matched. Opposite outer grooves (12) and inner grooves (13) are formed on the inner wall of the annular cavity (9). The electromagnet (10) is fixedly embedded in the outer groove (12), and the magnetic block (11) is fixedly embedded in the inner groove (13).

2. The corn grits grading and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the top aperture of the said sieve hole (8) is equal to the bottom aperture of the sieve hole (8), the repulsive force between the electromagnet (10) and the magnetic block (11) in the upper adjusting mechanism is equal to the repulsive force between the electromagnet (10) and the magnetic block (11) in the lower adjusting mechanism.

3. The corn grits grading and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the top aperture of the said sieve hole (8) is larger than the bottom aperture of the sieve hole (8), the repulsive force between the electromagnet (10) and the magnetic block (11) in the upper adjusting mechanism is smaller than the repulsive force between the electromagnet (10) and the magnetic block (11) in the lower adjusting mechanism. When the top aperture of the sieve hole (8) is smaller than the bottom aperture of the sieve hole (8), the repulsive force between the electromagnet (10) and the magnetic block (11) in the upper adjusting mechanism is larger than the repulsive force between the electromagnet (10) and the magnetic block (11) in the lower adjusting mechanism.

4. A corn grits grading and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The structures at the upper and lower ends of the said elastic cylinder (7) are symmetrically distributed, and the thickness dimension from the inner top wall of the annular cavity (9) to the outer top wall of the elastic cylinder (7) is smaller than the thickness dimension from the inner side wall of the annular cavity (9) to the outer side wall of the elastic cylinder (7).

5. A corn grits grading and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, A side opening (14) is formed on the outer wall of the said feed hopper (3). A baffle plate (15) is slidably arranged inside the side opening (14), and the baffle plate (15) is in an L shape.

6. A corn grits grading and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The said rolling unit includes a rolling motor, two rolling rollers (16) and two transmission gears (17). The two rolling rollers (16) are both rotatably arranged inside the housing (2). The two transmission gears (17) are respectively fixed on the two rolling rollers (16) and are meshed with each other. The rolling motor is fixed on the outer wall of the housing (2) and is used to drive one of the rolling rollers (16).

7. A corn grits grading and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The said crushing unit includes a central shaft (18) and a plurality of crushing mechanisms. The central shaft (18) is rotatably arranged inside the housing (2). The plurality of crushing mechanisms are all fixed on the central shaft (18). The crushing mechanism includes a disc body (19) and a plurality of crushing knives (20). The disc body (19) is fixed on the central shaft (18). The plurality of crushing knives (20) are all rotatably arranged at the edge of the disc body (19). Crushing teeth (21) are formed on both sides of the edge of the disc body (19) and the crushing knives (20). The shape of the crushing teeth (21) is triangular.

8. A corn grits grading and crushing device according to claim 7, characterized in that, The driving unit includes a driving motor (22), a transmission belt (23) and two belt pulleys (24). The driving motor (22) is fixed on the frame (1), and the two belt pulleys (24) are respectively fixed on the output shaft of the driving motor (22) and the central shaft (18). The two belt pulleys (24) are drivingly connected by the transmission belt (23).

9. The corn grits grading and crushing device according to claim 1, wherein A plurality of elastic support portions (25) are fixed in the middle of the annular cavity (9), and the plurality of elastic support portions (25) are all located between the upper adjustment mechanism and the lower adjustment mechanism.

10. The corn grits grading and crushing device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The screening unit includes a plurality of supports (26), a plurality of springs (27), a sieve plate (5) and a vibration motor. The plurality of supports (26) are all fixed in the housing (2), and the plurality of supports (26) are fixed to the sieve plate (5) through the plurality of springs (27). The vibration motor is fixed on the sieve plate (5).

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