Process for grading garnet powder through screening and electric separation combined process

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of mining industry recovery, and particularly relates to a process for grading garnet powder through a screening and electric separation combined process. According to the invention, ultrasonic pretreatment is carried out on to-be-treated placer, so that particle agglomeration can be prevented; the materials can be graded according to particle sizes through screening, so that the particle sizes of the materials are uniform, and the conductivity among particles can be improved; by heating and electrically separating the oversize product and the undersize product, the conductivity of the ilmenite is enhanced, so that the ilmenite is better separated from the powder garnet in an electric field, and the recovery rate of the powder garnet is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of mining recovery, and in particular relates to a process for separating powdered garnet by a screening and electric separation combined process. Background Art

[0002] Coastal sand mines are rich in valuable minerals such as titanium, zirconium, rutile, monazite, etc., which are important raw materials for manufacturing titanium alloys, zirconium products, special alloys, refractory materials, ceramics, glass, etc. Therefore, the recovery of valuable minerals in coastal sand mines is of great significance to ensure the country's resource security and strategic reserves.

[0003] According to the magnetic difference between ilmenite and powder garnet, the prior art mostly uses magnetic separation to select powder garnet. For example, the Chinese patent CN 101722103 B uses a two-stage high-gradient magnetic separation method to improve the recovery of ilmenite; another example is that the Chinese patent CN 111304394 A reasonably combines gravity separation, magnetic separation, and direct reduction operations to improve the efficiency of recovering ilmenite. However, due to the similar magnetic properties of some ilmenite and powder garnet, the above schemes are difficult to sort or have a long construction period, which not only leads to serious mutual entrainment of ilmenite and powder garnet, but also leads to high energy consumption and loss of economic value. Therefore, on the basis of simplifying the process flow, improving the recovery rate of powder garnet is a problem to be solved in this field. Summary of the invention

[0004] The invention aims to provide a screening and electrostatic separation combined process for separating powdered garnet, which has the characteristics of simple operation and high recovery rate.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for separating powdered garnet by a screening and electro-separation combined process, comprising the following steps:

[0006] The sand ore to be treated is subjected to ultrasonic stirring treatment to obtain treated sand ore;

[0007] Screening the treated sand ore to obtain an oversize and an undersize;

[0008] The oversize material and undersize material are heated and electrostatically separated in sequence to obtain powdered garnet.

[0009] Preferably, the parameters of the ultrasonic agitation treatment include:

[0010] The frequency is 20-21kHz, the temperature is 22-28℃, the time is 180-240min, and the stirring speed is 1200-1300r / min.

[0011] Preferably, the oversize material is successively subjected to first preheating, second heating, first electrostatic separation on the screen, second electrostatic separation on the screen, and third electrostatic separation on the screen to obtain oversize tailings and oversize powdered garnet;

[0012] The parameters of the first preheating include: temperature 50 - 55°C, time 5 - 10 min.

[0013] Preferably, the parameters of the second heating include: temperature 80 - 100°C, time 10 - 20 min.

[0014] Preferably, the parameters of the first electrostatic separation on the screen include: voltage 55 - 58 kv, rotation speed 130 - 135 r / min;

[0015] The parameters of the second electrostatic separation on the screen include: voltage 48 - 52 kv, rotation speed 140 - 145 r / min;

[0016] The parameters of the third electrostatic separation on the screen include: voltage 40 - 45 kv, rotation speed 150 - 155 r / min.

[0017] Preferably, the undersize material is successively subjected to heating, first electrostatic separation under the screen, second electrostatic separation under the screen, and third electrostatic separation under the screen to obtain undersize tailings and undersize powdered garnet;

[0018] The parameters of the heating include: temperature 60 - 78°C, time 20 - 30 min.

[0019] Preferably, the parameters of the first electrostatic separation under the screen include: voltage 26 - 28 kv, rotation speed 135 - 140 r / min;

[0020] The parameters of the second electrostatic separation under the screen include: voltage 30 - 34 kv, rotation speed 125 - 130 r / min;

[0021] The parameters of the third electrostatic separation under the screen include: voltage 36 - 42 kv, rotation speed 115 - 120 r / min.

[0022] Preferably, the placer ore includes: littoral placers.

[0023] Preferably, the screening includes: passing the treated placer ore through a 100 - 120 mesh sieve.

[0024] Preferably, the powdered garnet includes: undersize powdered garnet and oversize powdered garnet.

[0025] Beneficial effects:

[0026] The present invention provides a method for screening and separating fine garnet by an electrostatic separation combined process, comprising the following steps: subjecting the ore sand to be processed to ultrasonic stirring treatment to obtain the processed ore sand; screening the processed ore sand to obtain oversize and undersize materials; and separately heating and subjecting the oversize and undersize materials to electrostatic separation to obtain fine garnet. By subjecting the ore sand to ultrasonic pretreatment, it is beneficial to disperse the particles in the pulp and prevent particle agglomeration; by screening, the materials can be classified according to particle size to ensure uniform particle size of the materials; by separately heating and subjecting the oversize and undersize materials to electrostatic separation, it helps the ilmenite to better separate from the fine garnet in the electric field, thereby improving the recovery rate. Description of the Drawings

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0028] Figure 1 It is the electrostatic separation flow chart provided by the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0029] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the raw materials, equipment and methods used are all conventional selections.

[0030] In order to further illustrate the present invention, the following will describe in detail the solutions provided by the present invention in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments, but they cannot be understood as limiting the protection scope of the present invention.

[0031] The dosage of the coastal placer ore raw material in the examples and comparative examples is 1 t.

[0032] Example 1

[0033] A method for screening and separating fine garnet by an electrostatic separation combined process, the steps are as follows:

[0034] (1) Ultrasonic pretreatment

[0035] At 25 - 26 °C, 20 kHz, and 1250 r / min, the coastal placer ore (recorded as the feed material, the grade of TiO2 in the feed material is 12.45%, and the yield is recorded as 100%) is subjected to ultrasonic stirring for 180 min to obtain the processed ore sand;

[0036] (2) Screening

[0037] The processed placer ore is screened through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the oversize and the undersize. During the experiment, the model of the screening machine is YC1500-2S, the dry screening mode is adopted, the feeding method is continuous in and out, and the processing capacity of each screening machine is 10 tons per day.

[0038] (3) The oversize is heated and subjected to electrostatic separation in sequence. The flow chart is shown in Figure 1 .

[0039] At 52 °C, the oversize is preheated for the first time for 10 min to obtain the first preheated product;

[0040] At 80 °C, the first preheated product is heated for the second time for 20 min using an electrode wire to obtain the heated oversize. Through the two heating steps, it is beneficial to enhance the conductivity of ilmenite, and further helps ilmenite to better separate from garnet powder in the electric field subsequently.

[0041] At a voltage of 58 kv and 135 r / min, the heated oversize is subjected to the first electrostatic separation to obtain the first titanium-containing tailing and the first concentrate;

[0042] At a voltage of 52 kv and 140 r / min, the first concentrate is subjected to the second electrostatic separation to obtain the second titanium-containing tailing and the second concentrate;

[0043] At a voltage of 45 kv and 150 r / min, the second concentrate is subjected to the third electrostatic separation to obtain the garnet powder of the oversize and the third titanium-containing tailing;

[0044] The first titanium-containing tailing, the second titanium-containing tailing and the third titanium-containing tailing are combined to obtain the titanium-containing tailing of the oversize.

[0045] (4) The undersize is heated and subjected to electrostatic separation in sequence. The flow chart is shown in Figure 1 .

[0046] At 60 °C, the undersize is heated for 20 min using an electrode wire to obtain the heated undersize;

[0047] At a voltage of 28 kv and 135 r / min, the heated undersize is subjected to the first electrostatic separation to obtain the first titanium-containing tailing and the first concentrate;

[0048] At a voltage of 34 kv and 130 r / min, the first concentrate is subjected to the second electrostatic separation to obtain the second titanium-containing tailing and the second concentrate;

[0049] At a voltage of 42 kv and 120 r / min, the second concentrate is subjected to the third electrostatic separation to obtain the third titanium-containing tailing and the garnet powder of the undersize;

[0050] The first titanium-containing tailing, the second titanium-containing tailing and the third titanium-containing tailing are combined to obtain the titanium-containing tailing of the undersize;

[0051] Combine the titanium-bearing tailings of the undersize fraction and the titanium-bearing tailings of the oversize fraction to obtain titanium-bearing tailings;

[0052] Combine the powdered garnet of the undersize fraction and the powdered garnet of the oversize fraction to obtain powdered garnet.

[0053] Comparative Example 1

[0054] The difference from Example 1 is only that the process of step (1) is omitted.

[0055] Comparative Example 2

[0056] The difference from Example 1 is only that in step (2), screening is carried out through a 80-mesh sieve.

[0057] Comparative Example 3

[0058] A method for separating powdered garnet by a screening and electrostatic separation combined process, the steps are as follows:

[0059] (1) Ultrasonic pretreatment

[0060] At 25-26 °C, 20 kHz, and 1250 r / min, ultrasonically stir the coastal placer for 180 min to obtain the treated placer;

[0061] (2) Screening

[0062] Pass the treated placer through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the oversize fraction and the undersize fraction;

[0063] (3) The oversize fraction is sequentially heated and electrostatically separated

[0064] At a voltage of 58 kv and 135 r / min, perform the first electrostatic separation on the oversize fraction to obtain the first titanium-bearing tailings and the first concentrate (here, the customer needs to check carefully whether it can correspond to the flow chart);

[0065] At a voltage of 52 kv and 140 r / min, perform the second electrostatic separation on the first concentrate to obtain the second titanium-bearing tailings and the second concentrate;

[0066] At a voltage of 45 kv and 150 r / min, perform the third electrostatic separation on the second concentrate to obtain the powdered garnet of the oversize fraction and the third titanium-bearing tailings;

[0067] Combine the first titanium-bearing tailings, the second titanium-bearing tailings, and the third titanium-bearing tailings to obtain the titanium-bearing tailings of the oversize fraction.

[0068] (4) The undersize fraction is sequentially heated and electrostatically separated

[0069] At 60 °C, use the electrode wire to heat the undersize fraction for 100 min to obtain the heated undersize fraction;

[0070] At a voltage of 28 kV and 135 r / min, the screened material after heating is subjected to the first electrostatic separation to obtain the first titanium-containing tailings and the first concentrate.

[0071] At a voltage of 34 kV and 130 r / min, the first concentrate is subjected to the second electrostatic separation to obtain the second titanium-containing tailings and the second concentrate.

[0072] At a voltage of 42 kV and 120 r / min, the second concentrate is subjected to the third electrostatic separation to obtain the third titanium-containing tailings and the screened garnet.

[0073] The first titanium-containing tailings, the second titanium-containing tailings, and the third titanium-containing tailings are combined to obtain the titanium-containing tailings of the screened material.

[0074] The titanium-containing tailings of the screened material and the titanium-containing tailings of the oversize material are combined to obtain the titanium-containing tailings.

[0075] The screened garnet and the oversize garnet are combined to obtain the garnet.

[0076] Comparative Example 4

[0077] A method for separating garnet by a combined screening and electrostatic separation process, the steps are as follows:

[0078] (1) Ultrasonic pretreatment

[0079] At 25 - 26 °C, 20 kHz, and 1250 r / min, the coastal placer is ultrasonically stirred for 180 min to obtain the treated placer.

[0080] (2) Screening

[0081] The treated placer is screened through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the oversize material and the screened material.

[0082] (3) The oversize material is sequentially heated and electrostatically separated

[0083] At 52 °C, the oversize material is preheated for the first time for 10 min to obtain the first preheated material.

[0084] At 80 °C, the first preheated material is heated for the second time for 120 min using electrode wires to obtain the heated oversize material; through the two heating steps, it is beneficial to enhance the conductivity of ilmenite, and thus helps ilmenite to be better separated from garnet in the electric field subsequently.

[0085] At a voltage of 52 kV and 150 r / min, the heated oversize material is subjected to the first electrostatic separation to obtain the first titanium-containing tailings and the first concentrate (here, the customer needs to conduct key verification to see if it can correspond to the flow chart).

[0086] At a voltage of 52 kv and a speed of 140 r / min, the first concentrate is subjected to a second electrostatic separation to obtain a second titanium-containing tailing and a second concentrate;

[0087] At a voltage of 52 kv and a speed of 140 r / min, the second concentrate is subjected to a third electrostatic separation to obtain powdery garnet of the oversize product and a third titanium-containing tailing;

[0088] The first titanium-containing tailing, the second titanium-containing tailing and the third titanium-containing tailing are combined to obtain a titanium-containing tailing of the oversize product.

[0089] (4) The undersize product is heated and then subjected to electrostatic separation

[0090] At 60 °C, the undersize product is heated by electrode wires for 100 min to obtain the heated undersize product;

[0091] At a voltage of 28 kv and a speed of 135 r / min, the heated undersize product is subjected to a first electrostatic separation to obtain a first titanium-containing tailing and a first concentrate;

[0092] At a voltage of 34 kv and a speed of 130 r / min, the first concentrate is subjected to a second electrostatic separation to obtain a second titanium-containing tailing and a second concentrate;

[0093] At a voltage of 42 kv and a speed of 120 r / min, the second concentrate is subjected to a third electrostatic separation to obtain a third titanium-containing tailing and powdery garnet of the undersize product;

[0094] The first titanium-containing tailing, the second titanium-containing tailing and the third titanium-containing tailing are combined to obtain a titanium-containing tailing of the undersize product;

[0095] The titanium-containing tailing of the undersize product and the titanium-containing tailing of the oversize product are combined to obtain a titanium-containing tailing;

[0096] The powdery garnet of the undersize product and the powdery garnet of the oversize product are combined to obtain garnet.

[0097] Comparative Example 5

[0098] A method for separating garnet by a combined screening and electrostatic separation process, the steps are as follows:

[0099] (1) Ultrasonic pretreatment

[0100] At 25-26 °C, 20 kHz and 1250 r / min, the littoral placer is ultrasonically stirred for 180 min to obtain the treated placer;

[0101] (2) Screening

[0102] The treated placer is screened through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain an oversize product and an undersize product;

[0103] (3) The oversize product is heated and then subjected to electrostatic separation

[0104] At 52 °C, the oversize material is preheated for the first time for 10 min to obtain the first preheated material;

[0105] At 80 °C, the first preheated material is heated for the second time for 20 min using an electrode wire to obtain the heated oversize material; Through the two - stage heating, it is beneficial to enhance the conductivity of ilmenite, and further helps the subsequent better separation of ilmenite from garnet powder in the electric field.

[0106] At a voltage of 58 kv and 135 r / min, the heated oversize material is subjected to the first electrostatic separation to obtain the first titanium - containing tailings and the first concentrate (here, the customer needs to check carefully whether it can correspond to the flow chart);

[0107] At a voltage of 52 kv and 140 r / min, the first concentrate is subjected to the second electrostatic separation to obtain the second titanium - containing tailings and the second concentrate;

[0108] At a voltage of 45 kv and 150 r / min, the second concentrate is subjected to the third electrostatic separation to obtain the garnet powder of the oversize material and the third titanium - containing tailings;

[0109] The first titanium - containing tailings, the second titanium - containing tailings and the third titanium - containing tailings are combined to obtain the titanium - containing tailings of the oversize material.

[0110] (4) The undersize material is heated and electrostatically separated successively

[0111] At 60 °C, the undersize material is heated for 100 min using an electrode wire to obtain the heated undersize material;

[0112] At a voltage of 34 kv and 130 r / min, the heated undersize material is subjected to the first electrostatic separation to obtain the first titanium - containing tailings and the first concentrate;

[0113] At a voltage of 34 kv and 130 r / min, the first concentrate is subjected to the second electrostatic separation to obtain the second titanium - containing tailings and the second concentrate;

[0114] At a voltage of 34 kv and 120 r / min, the second concentrate is subjected to the third electrostatic separation to obtain the third titanium - containing tailings and the garnet powder of the undersize material;

[0115] The first titanium - containing tailings, the second titanium - containing tailings and the third titanium - containing tailings are combined to obtain the titanium - containing tailings of the undersize material;

[0116] The titanium - containing tailings of the undersize material and the titanium - containing tailings of the oversize material are combined to obtain the titanium - containing tailings;

[0117] The garnet powder of the undersize material and the garnet powder of the oversize material are combined to obtain the garnet powder.

[0118] Comparative Example 6

[0119] A method for screening and separating powdered garnet by an electrostatic separation combined process, the steps are as follows:

[0120] (1) Grinding

[0121] Grind the coastal placer ore to obtain materials with a particle size < 100 mesh;

[0122] (2) Heating and electrostatic separation of the materials

[0123] Heat the materials at 80 °C for 20 min to obtain the heated materials;

[0124] At a voltage of 58 kv and 135 r / min, perform the first electrostatic separation on the heated materials to obtain the first titanium-containing tailings and the first concentrate;

[0125] At a voltage of 52 kv and 140 r / min, perform the second electrostatic separation on the first concentrate to obtain the second titanium-containing tailings and the second concentrate;

[0126] At a voltage of 45 kv and 150 r / min, perform the third electrostatic separation on the second concentrate to obtain powdered garnet and the third titanium-containing tailings.

[0127] Combine the first titanium-containing tailings, the second titanium-containing tailings and the third titanium-containing tailings to obtain the titanium-containing tailings.

[0128] Comparative Example 7

[0129] A method for magnetic separation of powdered garnet, the steps are as follows:

[0130] Pass the beach placer ore through a 100-mesh sieve to obtain the undersize;

[0131] At a magnetic field intensity of 5000 Oe and 40 rpm, perform weak magnetic separation on the undersize to obtain weak magnetic tailings and weak magnetic concentrate;

[0132] At a magnetic field intensity of 8000 Oe and 40 rpm, perform strong magnetic separation on the weak magnetic concentrate to obtain strong magnetic tailings and strong magnetic concentrate;

[0133] The strong magnetic concentrate gives powdered garnet; combine the weak magnetic tailings and the strong magnetic tailings to obtain the titanium-containing tailings.

[0134] Application Example 1

[0135] Statistically analyze the grades and yields of TiO2 in the titanium-containing tailings and powdered garnet obtained in Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-7 respectively, and the results are shown in Table 1.

[0136] Table 1 Grades and yields of TiO2 in different treatments

[0137]

[0138] As can be seen from the data in Table 1, when using the production process of the present invention to process pink garnet, with the TiO2 content of the selected raw material being 12.45%, pink garnet with a final TiO2 content of 0.83% and titanium-containing tailings with a TiO2 content of 42.32% can be obtained, and the useful minerals are fully recovered and utilized. It can be seen that the technical solution of the present invention can better separate pink garnet with similar magnetism from ilmenite. At the same time, the process flow is simple and easy to be popularized on a large scale, providing a practical recovery path for the separation of pink garnet with similar magnetism from ilmenite.

[0139] Although the above embodiments have described the present invention in detail, they are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. People can also obtain other embodiments based on this embodiment without creative efforts, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for separating powdered garnet by a combined screening and electrostatic separation process, characterized in that: The steps include: The sand ore to be treated is subjected to ultrasonic stirring treatment to obtain treated sand ore; Screening the treated sand ore to obtain an oversize and an undersize; The oversize material and undersize material are heated and electrostatically separated in sequence to obtain powdered garnet.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The parameters of the ultrasonic agitation treatment include: The frequency is 20-21kHz, the temperature is 22-28℃, the time is 180-240min, and the stirring speed is 1200-1300r / min.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The oversize material is sequentially subjected to a first preheating, a second heating, a first oversize electrostatic separation, a second oversize electrostatic separation and a third oversize electrostatic separation to obtain oversize tailings and oversize powdered garnet; The parameters of the first preheating include: temperature of 50-55° C. and time of 5-10 min.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The parameters of the second heating include: temperature of 80-100° C. and time of 10-20 min.

5. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The parameters of the first electrostatic separation on the sieve include: voltage of 55-58kv, speed of 130-135r / min; The parameters of the second electrostatic separation on the screen include: voltage of 48-52kv, speed of 140-145r / min; The parameters of the third electrostatic separation on the screen include: voltage of 40-45kv, rotation speed of 150-155r / min.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The undersize material is sequentially heated, subjected to a first undersize electro-separation, a second undersize electro-separation and a third undersize electro-separation to obtain undersize tailings and undersize powdered garnet; The heating parameters include: temperature of 60-78° C. and time of 20-30 min.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The parameters of the first under-screen electrostatic separation include: voltage of 26-28 kv, speed of 135-140 r / min; The parameters of the second under-screen electrostatic separation include: voltage of 30-34 kv, speed of 125-130 r / min; The parameters of the third under-screen electrostatic separation include: voltage of 36-42 kv, rotation speed of 115-120 r / min.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sand mine includes: coastal sand mine.

9. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The screening comprises: passing the treated sand ore through a 100-120 mesh sieve.

10. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The powder garnet includes: undersize powder garnet and oversize powder garnet.

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