Broaching equipment

Abstract

The invention provides broaching equipment which comprises a machining table top, a guide assembly, a broaching assembly and a driving assembly, the broaching assembly at least comprises a cutter, a clamping part and a first mounting plate, and the clamping part is fixedly assembled on the side, close to the machining table top, of the first mounting plate; a first clamping device for clamping the cutter is arranged at the end of the clamping part, the first clamping device comprises a first guide sleeve and a clamping arm, and the projection of the first guide sleeve in the guide direction of the guide assembly is located in the clamping center of the clamping arm; and an air guide channel facing the end part of the cutter is arranged in the first guide sleeve. According to the device, air can be blown outwards through the first guide sleeve, and a cutter and a machining table top are cleaned.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of machining, and in particular, to a hole broaching device. Background Art

[0002] Broaching equipment is mainly used for the machining of some workpieces with grooved holes. Through broaching, high dimensional accuracy and small surface roughness can be obtained. It is mainly a machine tool that uses a broach as a tool to machine through holes, planes, and formed surfaces of workpieces.

[0003] During the working process of broaching equipment, there will be a situation where broaching debris adheres to the tool body. When the debris accumulates to a certain extent, it is easy to cause damage to the broach or poor machining accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this application is to provide a hole broaching device, aiming to clean the debris on the broach tool body in a timely manner and improve the broaching accuracy of the hole broaching device.

[0005] This application mainly provides a hole broaching device convenient for chip cleaning, including a broaching assembly and an air intake system. The broaching assembly includes a tool and a clamping part. The clamping part includes a first clamping device. The first clamping device includes a first guide sleeve and at least two clamping arms. The clamping arms are evenly arranged around the first guide sleeve. The first guide sleeve has an air guide channel, and the air guide channel communicates with the air intake system. The air guide channel includes an air outlet, and the axis of the air outlet coincides with the distribution center line of the clamping arms.

[0006] An air guide channel is arranged in the first guide sleeve of the clamping part, and air supply is carried out through the end of the air guide channel connected to the air inlet pipeline of the device, so as to blow air out along the air guide channel. Since the first guide sleeve is located at the center of the clamping device, it can not only assist in clamping and positioning, but also guide the blown air flow to carry away the debris on the tool body surface, ensuring that the end face at the corresponding position of the clamping part remains clean before clamping, and avoiding the presence of debris on the clamping surface between the clamping part and the tool, which affects the machining accuracy of the workpiece. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0007] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0008] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the loading tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0009] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the broaching tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0010] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the clamping part tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of this application;

[0011] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the broaching part tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0012] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the dust cover tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0013] Figure 7 Partial enlarged schematic diagram of the dust cover tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0014] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the cleaning component tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application;

[0015] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the waste chip collection tooling structure of the hole broaching device shown in an embodiment of the present application.

[0016] Reference numerals:

[0017] 1 - Hole broaching device, 2 - Processing table, 3 - Broaching component, 4 - Guide component, 5 - Driving component, 6 - Cleaning component;

[0018] 21 - Feeding track, 22 - Placing table, 23 - Loading position, 24 - Processing position, 25 - First avoidance opening, 26 - Second avoidance opening;

[0019] 31 - Clamping part, 32 - Broaching part, 33 - First guide sleeve, 34 - Second guide sleeve, 331 - Air guide channel, 341 - Chip discharge port, 35 - Clamping device, 351 - First clamping device, 352 - Second clamping device, 36 - Clamping arm, 37 - Fixing part, 38 - Broach;

[0020] 41 - Main guide shaft group, 42 - Sub - guide shaft group, 43 - Guide shaft, 431 - First mounting plate, 432 - Second mounting plate, 44 - Driving plate, 45 - Support plate, 46 - Limiting device;

[0021] 51 - First driving part, 511 - First mounting body, 512 - First driving shaft, 52 - Second driving part, 521 - Second mounting body, 522 - Second driving shaft, 53 - Third driving part, 54 - Fourth driving part;

[0022] 61 - Frame, 62 - Machine cover, 63 - Dust cover, 64 - Chip collection box, 65 - Blowing pipe, 651 - First pipeline, 652 - Second pipeline, 66 - Brush, 67 - Photoelectric sensing device. Specific embodiments

[0023] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, and examples thereof are shown in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the present application. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the present application as detailed in the appended claims.

[0024] It should be understood that the terms "first", "second" and similar terms used in the specification and claims of the present application do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Similarly, terms such as "a" or "an" do not denote a quantity limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one; "several" means a quantity of two or more, unless otherwise specified. The directional terms such as up, down, left, right, front, back, inner, outer, top, bottom, etc. mentioned or likely to be mentioned in the text are defined relative to the structure shown in the corresponding drawings. They are relative concepts and may therefore change accordingly depending on their different positions and usage states. Therefore, these or other directional terms should not be construed as restrictive terms. The terms "comprising" or "including" and similar terms mean that the elements or items appearing before "comprising" or "including" cover the elements or items listed after "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or items.

[0025] The reaming device of the exemplary embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Without conflict, the features in the following embodiments and implementation manners can be mutually supplemented or combined.

[0026] As Figure 1 shown, the reaming device 1 includes a processing table 2, a driving assembly 5, a guiding assembly 4 and a broaching assembly 3. The driving assembly 5 can drive the broaching assembly 3 to reciprocate axially along the guiding assembly 4 to complete the reaming process of the workpiece. Among them, the broaching assembly 3 includes a clamping portion 31 located on one side of the processing table 2 and a broaching portion 32 located on the other side of the processing table 2.

[0027] During an operation process, the driving component 5 drives the clamping part 31 to move towards the processing table 2. In some embodiments, the clamping part 31, the processing table 2, and the broaching part 32 are arranged in the vertical direction. Along the vertical direction, the clamping part 31 is located above the processing table 2, and the broaching part 32 is located below the processing table 2. When the clamping part 31 drives the tool to move downward in the vertical direction, the tool penetrates into the hole part of the workpiece to be processed from above, and part of the tool penetrates out from below the workpiece, so that the broaching part 32 can clamp the tool from below. After the broaching part 32 successfully clamps the tool, the driving component 5 drives the broaching part 32 to move downward, that is, move in the direction away from the processing table 2. At this time, the tool performs cutting processing on the hole part of the workpiece.

[0028] It can be understood that the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32 are coaxially arranged. They can be respectively fixed on the sliding plate, and the sliding plate is directly penetrated through the guiding component 4 and slides axially relative to each other.

[0029] As Figure 2 described, the broaching component 3 further includes a first mounting plate 431 and a second mounting plate 432. Among them, the first mounting plate 431 is located above the processing table 2, and the second mounting plate 432 is located below the processing table 2. The first mounting plate 431 is penetrated through the shaft body of the guiding component 4 and can move axially along the guiding component 4. The second mounting plate 432 is fixed at the shaft end of part of the guiding component 4 and can move relative to the processing table 2 following the guiding component 4.

[0030] In some embodiments, the guiding component 4 includes a main guiding shaft group 41 and a secondary guiding shaft group 42. The lower end of the main guiding shaft group 41 is fixedly connected to the processing table 2. The secondary guiding shaft group 42 is penetrated through the processing table 2 and the first mounting plate 431, and the lower end of the secondary guiding shaft group 42 is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate 432. It can be understood that the main guiding shaft group 41 is fixed relative to the processing table 2, and the secondary guiding shaft group 42, the first mounting plate 41, and the second mounting plate 432 can be movably arranged relative to the processing table 2.

[0031] The driving component 5 includes a first driving part 51 and a second driving part 52. During an operation process, the first driving part 51 can drive the secondary guiding shaft group 42 to move relative to the main guiding shaft group 41, and the second driving part 52 can drive the first mounting plate 431 to move relative to the second mounting plate 432.

[0032] As Figure 3 shown, the clamping part 31 is fixedly assembled on one side of the first mounting plate 431 facing the processing table 2, and the broaching part 32 is fixedly assembled on one side of the second mounting plate 432 facing the processing table 2. The two are arranged vertically opposite to each other along the axis of the guiding component 4.

[0033] In one embodiment, the clamping part 31 includes a first clamping device 351 disposed on the first mounting plate 431, and the broaching part 32 includes a second clamping device 352 disposed on the second mounting plate 432. Among them, the first mounting plate 431 and the second mounting plate 432 are simultaneously inserted through the guiding assembly 4. The first mounting plate 431 is horizontally disposed above the processing table 2, and the second mounting plate 432 is horizontally disposed below the processing table 2. The clamping centers of the first clamping device 351 and the second clamping device 352 are on the same axis.

[0034] It can be understood that the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32 further include fixing members 37 located between the first mounting plate 431 and the first clamping device 351, and between the second mounting plate 432 and the second clamping device 352. Through the transitional connection of the fixing members 37, the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32 are respectively integrally and firmly arranged with the first mounting plate 431 and the second mounting plate 432.

[0035] Combined with the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32 shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5 The clamping device 35 fixed on the fixing member 37 includes a plurality of clamping arms 36 evenly distributed around the clamping center. It can also be said that the clamping device 35 includes at least two clamping arms 36 evenly distributed along the axis of the clamping device 35. The fourth driving part 54 drives the clamping arms 36 to tighten inward to clamp and fix the tool.

[0036] In one embodiment, the clamping device 35 includes a clamping arm 36 and a cylinder for driving the clamping arm 36. Specifically, the clamping device 35 has a three-jaw structure, and the clamping arm 36 can be simultaneously ejected by the cylinder to clamp the tool shaft. Specifically, the clamping arm 36 is three jaws symmetrically distributed around the axis center, and the adjacent clamping arms 36 are arranged at an angle of 120° to each other in the circumferential direction.

[0037] It can be understood that the number of the clamping arms 36 can also be 4, 6 or others symmetrically distributed around the axis center. There is no specific limitation here, and it can be adaptively adjusted according to the actual workpiece or tool situation, as long as it is circumferentially uniform and centrosymmetric.

[0038] In addition, a guiding sleeve is also provided at the center of the clamping device 35. The guiding sleeve is a hollow structure. Before the clamping arm 36 clamps the tool, the end of the tool shaft can be first inserted into the guiding sleeve, and the tool shaft is centered and guided by the guiding sleeve. On this basis, the tool is clamped and fixed by the clamping arm 36, which can further improve the centering accuracy of the tool shaft and is convenient for alignment and installation.

[0039] The clamping part 31 includes a first guiding sleeve 33, and the broaching part 32 includes a second guiding sleeve 34. The first guiding sleeve 33 and the second guiding sleeve 34 are coaxially arranged. Specifically, the first guiding sleeve 33 and the second guiding sleeve 34 are respectively located at the clamping centers of the first clamping device 351 and the second clamping device 352. It can also be said that the clamping arms 36 are evenly arranged around the first guiding sleeve 33 or the second guiding sleeve 34. In some embodiments, the projections of the first guiding sleeve 33 and the second guiding sleeve 34 in the guiding direction of the guiding assembly 4 are located at the clamping centers of the clamping arms 36, and the minimum distance from the processing table 2 is greater than the minimum distance from the processing table 2 at the position where the clamping arms 36 clamp the tool.

[0040] By clamping and positioning the tool simultaneously with the first guiding sleeve 33 and the first clamping device 351, on the one hand, the first guiding sleeve 33 can assist in centering the end of the tool during clamping, and at the same time, it can also make the clamping point of the first clamping device 351 closer to the inside, correspondingly shortening the force arm during the broaching of the tool and increasing the optimization and improvement space for the tool length and broaching height; on the other hand, the tool positioning axis can be determined by the cooperation of the inner cylinder and the clamping positioning point, improving the centering accuracy of the clamped tool. Moreover, the first guiding sleeve 33 and the first clamping device 351 are fixed relative to the first mounting plate structure 431, which can further strengthen the consistency between the tool and the guiding shaft 43 and enhance the reliability of tool centering.

[0041] Preferably, the inside of the guiding sleeve is a hollow structure, and the diameter of the guiding sleeve is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the end of the tool shaft, so that the end of the tool shaft can more easily extend into the guiding sleeve. In some embodiments, the guiding sleeve can also be provided with a chamfer to guide the tool shaft to smoothly insert into the guiding sleeve through the chamfer.

[0042] In addition, the inside of the air guiding sleeve 33 can be connected to the air circuit system of the broaching device 1, and air flow is blown out along the inner wall channel of the guiding sleeve.

[0043] It can be understood that the air circuit system is arranged on the clamping part 31. A connection port is provided inside the first guiding sleeve 33 on the clamping part 31. A gas guiding channel 34 is provided inside the first guiding sleeve 33. The gas guiding channel 34 is connected to the intake system. The axis of the first guiding sleeve 33 coincides with the distribution center line of the clamping arms 36. Here, the "distribution center line" means that the clamping arms 36 are evenly distributed around the first guiding sleeve 33, and air flow can be blown out from the inside to the outside along the gas guiding channel 34.

[0044] Preferably, there are at least two air blowing and cleaning operations during the finish broaching process, corresponding to before the clamping part 31 clamps the tool shaft and after the clamping part 31 delivers the tool to the broaching part 32 for release respectively.

[0045] In one embodiment, before the tool is about to extend into the first guiding sleeve 33, the air circuit system controls the air circuit to blow out air flow along the first guiding sleeve 33. The inner wall of the first guiding sleeve 33 and the surface of the tool are subjected to the first chip cleaning treatment through the air flow, ensuring that there is no residual machining waste on the inner wall of the first guiding sleeve 33, the clamping arm 36 and the surface of the tool, reducing the situation of chip support under the hard contact clamping condition of the tool, improving the centering accuracy of the tool shaft and the machining accuracy of the workpiece end face, and at the same time, it can also reduce scratching the surface of the tool or the workpiece under the abnormal clamping state.

[0046] In another embodiment, the unclamped end of the tool is passed through the aperture of the workpiece by the clamping part 31. After being clamped by the broaching part 32, the clamping jaws of the clamping part 31 start to release the tool shaft. When the end of the tool leaves the guiding sleeve of the clamping part 31, the valve assembly continues to control the air blowing pipe to blow out air flow along the inner wall of the sleeve. At the same time, the broaching part 32 starts to drive the tool to continue to move downward to start broaching finish machining. Since the clamping part 31 is located above the broaching part 32 and is arranged opposite to it, the air flow blown out here can further clean the broaching machining part, guide the broaching chips to be blown out in the same direction, and avoid the chips flying into the electric control box to interfere with the circuit. In addition, when the air flow passes over the broaching part, while taking away the chips to protect the machining end face, it can also take away part of the heat generated during the machining of the tool and the workpiece, and extend the service life of the tool.

[0047] Furthermore, the broaching part 32 further includes a chip discharge port 341 provided on the second guiding sleeve 34. It can be understood that the second guiding sleeve 34 is located below the air blowing port of the first guiding sleeve 33 on the clamping part 31, and a through chip discharge port 341 is provided on the side. The chips inside the sleeve can be directly blown out from the chip discharge port 341 through the air flow of the first guiding sleeve 33.

[0048] In one embodiment, the first guiding sleeve 33 and the second guiding sleeve 34 are approximately columnar structures. Among them, the air guiding channel 34 is located inside the first guiding sleeve 33, and the chip discharge port 341 is located on the side of the second guiding sleeve 34. Specifically, when the first guiding sleeve 33 located above starts to blow out gas, since the second guiding sleeve 34 is located below the first guiding sleeve 33 and is arranged opposite to it, there is a part of the air flow in the direct flow direction that can rush into the hollow sleeve of the second guiding sleeve 34. After hitting the bottom of the sleeve, it starts to refract to both sides. At this time, it can flow out through the lateral chip discharge port 341, so as to take out the chips inside the second guiding sleeve 34.

[0049] It can be understood that the second guiding sleeve 34 is located below the tool. Since the waste chips are easily received due to the action of gravity and it is also located downstream in the direction of cutting the material during the broaching process, the problem of chip accumulation is more likely to occur. And because the sleeve is relatively deep, it greatly increases the cleaning difficulty for the operator. However, if the waste chips in the sleeve cannot be cleared, problems such as tool axis eccentricity or scratching are often caused when clamping the tool. Therefore, by using the air-blowing function of the first guiding sleeve 33 to clear the chips, not only can the waste chips in the sleeve be easily taken out from the inside to the outside, but also the accuracy of the sleeve centering before and after broaching the hole can be ensured for the tool.

[0050] In addition, the processing table 2 at least includes an avoidance opening penetrating along the guiding direction, and at least the projections of the first guiding sleeve 33 and the second guiding sleeve 34 in the extending direction fall into the avoidance opening, and the avoidance opening can at least allow the tool axis to penetrate the processing table 2.

[0051] Combined with Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown in the schematic diagram of the tooling structure, the broaching device 1 further includes a loading tooling located on the processing table 2. The guiding components 4 are symmetrically arranged around the avoidance opening. There is a feeding track 21 for lateral feeding and a placement table 22 in the middle of the guiding components 4, and the placement table 22 can transport the workpiece along the feeding track 21 to above the avoidance opening.

[0052] Specifically, the table surface of the processing table 2 includes a placement table 22 for placing the workpiece and a feeding track 21 for transporting the placement table 22. The placement table 22 can be transported along the feeding track 21 to above the avoidance opening. The feeding track 21 at least includes a processing position 24 at the axial positions of the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32, and a loading position 23 that is axially offset from the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32 and has an open upper space.

[0053] During an operation process, when the workpiece is being broached, the placement table 22 can slide back and forth along the chute on the feeding track 21. Specifically, first, the placement table 22 is transported to the loading position 23 through the feeding track 21, and then the workpiece to be processed is placed on the placement table 22 for positioning. Then, the placement table 22 with the workpiece is sent to the processing position 24 between the clamping part 31 and the broaching part 32 through the feeding track 21, waiting for the axial movement of the tool to perform fine machining on the inner hole of the workpiece.

[0054] In an embodiment, the feeding track 21 includes two guide rails arranged in parallel on the processing table 2. The guide rails are provided with guide grooves for laterally limiting the placement table 22. The placement table 22 is bridged on the left and right guide rails and slides back and forth along the direction of the guide rails. It can be understood that the workpiece is fixedly assembled on the table surface of the placement table 22 between the two guide rails, and the workpiece can move back and forth with the placement table 22.

[0055] Combined with Figures 6 - 7The dust cover 63 tooling of the shown broaching equipment 1, a chip removal mechanism is further arranged on the processing table 2, and the chip removal mechanism includes a dust cover 63 that at least partially covers the outside of the placement table 22, and the dust cover 63 is correspondingly located between adjacent side guide rails.

[0056] In one embodiment, the dust cover 63 is at least located at the processing position 24 of the feeding track 21, and the dust cover 63 is provided with an open space that axially penetrates and laterally encloses. Specifically, when the broaching part 32 starts to clamp the tool and drives the tool to broach downward, the broaching part of the tool enters the dust cover 63 after passing through the placement table 22, and at the same time, the pulled waste chips are scattered into the dust cover 63, avoiding the irregular splashing of the chips out of the workpiece hole diameter and interfering with the electric box, resulting in potential safety hazards.

[0057] Preferably, the dust cover 63 further includes a first pipeline 651 and a second pipeline 652 that communicate with the blowing pipe 65. The first pipeline 651 and / or the second pipeline 652 include an extension section and a derivation section. The extension section horizontally extends along the inner wall direction of the dust cover 63 around the broach 38, and the derivation section extends along the direction facing the broach 38. The air flow of the blowing pipe 65 enters along the extension sections of the first pipeline 651 and the second pipeline 652 and blows out from the derivation section. For example, after the blowing pipe 65 enters the dust cover 63, it is branched through a three-way adapter or a connection hole is opened on the original pipeline to form two first pipelines 651 and second pipelines 652 that extend in different directions. The two conducting pipelines extend along the inner wall of the dust cover 63 and the extension ends are both arranged facing the side of the tool body. The blowing directions of the first pipeline 651 and the second pipeline 652 are arranged at an angle. Specifically, the blowing directions of the first pipeline 651 and the second pipeline 652 can be arranged at an angle of 120° or 135°.

[0058] Among them, after the workpiece to be processed is broached at the processing position 24, it will return to the loading position 23 to wait for the replacement and assembly of the next round of workpieces to be processed. Before that, the cleaning assembly 6 further includes an inner hole cleaning mechanism arranged on the processing table 2, such as Figure 8 As shown, the processing step further includes cleaning the processed hole after rotor broaching by driving the inner hole cleaning mechanism.

[0059] Preferably, the inner hole cleaning mechanism includes a brush 66 arranged below the loading position 23 and a third driving part 53 that drives the brush 66 to move axially. When the workpiece returns to the loading position 23, the movement stroke of the brush 66 correspondingly penetrates the processed hole of the workpiece.

[0060] There are multiple avoidance openings provided on the processing table 2 along the direction of the feeding track 21, including at least a first avoidance opening 25 and a second avoidance opening 26. The first avoidance opening 25 is axially aligned with the processing position 24, and the second avoidance opening 26 is axially aligned with the loading position 23. In some embodiments, the first avoidance opening 25 is located on the axial movement stroke of the broaching tool, and the second avoidance opening 26 is located on the axial movement stroke of the brush 66. When the workpiece is at the processing position 24, the projection of the workpiece processing hole in the guiding direction correspondingly falls into the first avoidance opening 25, and the tool can pass through the first avoidance opening 25 unidirectionally to broach the workpiece; when the workpiece is at the loading position 23, the projection of the workpiece processing hole in the guiding direction correspondingly falls into the second avoidance opening 26, and the brush can pass through the second avoidance opening 26 unidirectionally to clean the workpiece processing hole.

[0061] It can also be understood that the second avoidance opening 26 and the brush 66 are not limited to being arranged at the loading position 23, and can also be arranged at other positions perpendicular to the processing table 2 along the direction of the feeding track 21 for cleaning. In addition to the processing position 24, there can be multiple other cleanable positions. In some embodiments, the other cleanable positions are located between the loading position 23 and the processing position 24. After the workpiece leaves the processing position, it needs to be cleaned at the cleanable position first, and then slide to the loading position 23 for workpiece replacement.

[0062] It can also be understood that the placement table 22 can place multiple workpieces to be processed for parallel processing at the same time. Multiple support rails are provided below the processing table, and the workpieces to be processed move on the center line between any two rails. Preferably, each group of workpieces to be processed can slide back and forth on the center line between two adjacent rails until they reach the designated position and then perform corresponding processing. For example, workpiece replacement and cleaning are performed at the loading position 23, and finish broaching of the hole is performed at the processing position 24.

[0063] Combined with Figures 6 - 8 the content, the broaching device 1 is further provided with a photoelectric sensing device 67 for detecting the position of the tool, which respectively corresponds to identifying the processing position 24 and the loading position 23.

[0064] In one embodiment, a photoelectric emission device and a photoelectric receiving device are provided in the dust cover 63 for detecting the position of the tool at the processing position 23. Among them, the connecting line between the emission device and the receiving device has an intersection with the axial movement direction of the broach. When the broach moves to the intersection position, the opposed optical fiber is blocked by the broach, and the position of the broach is identified through the signal change of the receiving device, and the feeding cylinder is correspondingly controlled to be relatively stationary to avoid the risk of shearing when the broach retracts or ejects.

[0065] In yet another embodiment, a photoelectric sensing device 67 for sensing the position of the brush 66 is also provided at the loading position 23. The transmitting device and the receiving device are respectively arranged on the guide shafts 43 on the left and right sides of the guiding assembly 4. The optical fiber is blocked by the brush 66 to control the reciprocating movement of the brush 66 to clean the aperture of the workpiece. It can also be understood that a magnetic sensing device can be used to replace the sensing of the position of the brush 66.

[0066] Specifically, a third driving part 53 for driving the brush 66 and a fixing bracket for fixing the third driving part 53 are respectively provided on the upper and lower end faces of the processing table 2. It can be understood that the third driving part 53 is a telescopic cylinder arranged in the axial direction of the brush 66. The transmitting end and the receiving end of the photoelectric sensing device 67 are symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the bracket respectively. In some embodiments, the third driving part 53 is arranged below the processing table 2 to drive the brush 66 to move up and down, and other driving parts for pressing the workpiece are further included on the fixing bracket above it.

[0067] Combined with Figure 1 and Figure 3 the content, the broaching tooling and the cleaning tooling on the upper and lower sides of the processing table 2 are fixedly assembled through the plate surface structure, and the broaching tooling and the cleaning tooling are driven to slide up and down along the guiding assembly 4 by driving the plate surface to complete the finish broaching. Among them, the guiding assembly 4 includes a main guiding shaft group 41 and a secondary guiding shaft group 42, and the main guiding shaft group 41 and the secondary guiding shaft group 42 are staggered to meet the requirements of the relative movement and simultaneous movement processing scenarios of the tooling parts.

[0068] Among them, on one side of the processing table 2, the tooling plate surface of the broaching device 1 respectively includes a support plate 45 fixedly integrated with the processing table 2, a driving plate 44 moving up and down relative to the support plate 45, and a first mounting plate 431 moving up and down relative to the driving plate 44. On the other side of the processing table 2, a second mounting plate 432 following the driving plate 44 to move synchronously is further included.

[0069] In one embodiment, at least part of the main guiding shaft group 41 and the secondary guiding shaft group 42 are overlapped and arranged. The first mounting plate 431 for fixing the clamping part 31 is simultaneously arranged to slide up and down through the main guiding shaft group 41 and the secondary guiding shaft group 42. Specifically, the end parts of the main guiding shaft group 41 are respectively fixed on the processing table 2 and the support plate 45. Between the processing table 2 and the support plate 45, a driving plate 44 and a first mounting plate 431 arranged on the main guiding shaft group 41 are further included; the end parts of the secondary guiding shaft group 42 are respectively fixed on the driving plate 44 and the second mounting plate 432. Between the driving plate 44 and the second mounting plate 432, a first mounting plate 431 and the processing table 2 arranged on the secondary guiding shaft group 42 are further included.

[0070] It can be understood that the reaming device 1 passes through the support plate 45, the driving plate 44, the first mounting plate 431, the processing table 2, and the second mounting plate 432 in sequence from top to bottom through the guiding component 4, and slides up and down along the main guiding shaft group 41 and the sub-guiding shaft group 42.

[0071] Preferably, the main and sub-guiding shafts of the guiding component 4 are respectively arranged on both sides of the feeding track 21 to balance the forces on both sides of the processing table 2.

[0072] In an embodiment, the main guiding shaft group 41 is composed of 4 mutually parallel main guiding shafts, and the sub-guiding shaft group 41 is composed of 4 mutually parallel sub-guiding shafts, which are evenly arranged on both sides of the feeding track 21 respectively. Among them, 2 sub-guiding shafts on the same side are located between 2 main guiding shafts, and the guiding shafts on the opposite sides are symmetrically distributed around the midline of the processing table 2.

[0073] It can be understood that the broaching processing position 24 on the processing table 2 is located within the plane area enclosed by the main and sub-guiding shafts.

[0074] In addition, the driving component 5 on the reaming device 1 includes a first driving part 51 and a second driving part 52. The first driving part 51 includes a driving plate 44 and a support plate 45. The driving plate 44 is located on the side of the clamping part 31 away from the broaching part 32, and the support plate 45 is located on the side of the driving plate 44 away from the clamping part 31; one end of the main guiding shaft group 41 is fixedly connected to the support plate 44, and the other end is fixedly connected to the processing table 2. One end of the sub-guiding shaft group 42 is fixedly connected to the driving plate 44, and the other end is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate 432.

[0075] Preferably, the first driving part 51 adopts a direct-connected electric cylinder, and the second driving part 52 adopts a pen-shaped air cylinder. The output shaft of the first driving part 51 is connected to the driving plate 44, and the output shaft of the second driving part 52 is connected to the first mounting plate 431. The end of the electric cylinder shaft of the first driving part 51 abuts and is fixed to the upper end surface of the driving plate 44, and the end of the shaft cylinder of the electric cylinder is fixedly connected to the support plate 45. Since the position of the support plate 45 is relatively fixed with respect to the processing table 2, the telescopic direction of the electric cylinder shaft is the same as the direction of the movable degree of freedom of the driving plate 44. Therefore, the driving plate 44 can be directly driven to slide up and down along the main guiding shaft group 41 by the telescopic movement of the electric cylinder shaft; the shaft cylinder of the second driving part 52 is fixedly arranged on the driving plate 44, and the output end of the air cylinder shaft is directly connected to the first mounting plate 431. Therefore, the first mounting plate 431 can be further driven to slide up and down relative to the driving plate 44 along the guiding component 4 by the telescopic movement of the air cylinder shaft of the pen-shaped air cylinder.

[0076] In one embodiment, the first driving part 51 further includes a first mounting body 511 and a first driving shaft 512. The output end of the first driving shaft 512 is fixedly connected to the driving plate 44, and the first mounting body 511 is fixedly arranged on the support plate 45; the second driving part 52 includes a second mounting body 521 and a second driving shaft 522. The output end of the second driving shaft 522 is fixedly connected to the first mounting plate 431, and the second mounting body 521 is fixedly arranged on the driving plate 44.

[0077] It can be understood that when the second driving part 52 does not act, the driving plate 44 is relatively stationary with the first mounting plate 431 and the second mounting plate 432, and the three can slide up and down relative to the processing table 2 along the main guide shaft group 41 synchronously by the power of the first driving part 51; when the first driving part 51 does not act, the driving plate 44 and the second mounting plate 432 are relatively stationary with the processing table 2, and the first mounting part 431 can slide up and down relative to the processing table 2 by the power of the second driving part 52.

[0078] Preferably, the first driving part 51 and the second driving part 52 can be arranged at the center of the guiding component 4, or symmetrically distributed around the center of gravity of the guiding component 4. For example, the electric cylinder shaft is fixedly connected to the center of the driving plate 44, and two pen-shaped cylinders are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the electric cylinder shaft respectively.

[0079] The driving plate 44 is fixedly connected to the second mounting plate 432. When the electric cylinder is used for driving, the output force is stable and the moving speed is adjustable, which can further ensure the accuracy of tool hole drawing and the efficiency during cutting. The first mounting plate 431 is responsible for transmitting the tool, and the force acting on it is relatively small, but the coaxiality requirement for the tool is relatively high. Therefore, the symmetric distribution can greatly balance the force uniformity on the plate surface and ensure the centering requirement of the clamping part 31.

[0080] Specifically, the guiding component 4 includes a plurality of guiding shafts 43. The guiding shafts 43 that form the main guiding shaft group 41 and the auxiliary guiding shaft group 42 are all along the same direction.

[0081] Furthermore, a limiting device 46 is also arranged on the guiding shaft 43. The projection of the limiting device 46 along the axial direction at least partially overlaps with the first mounting plate 431 or the second mounting plate 432. It can not only limit the driving stroke of the plate surface in time to ensure the consistency of each stroke, but also match the stroke according to the tool length to avoid the risk of tool breakage due to tool interference. In addition, the limiting support can also provide a block in case of an emergency of equipment collapse, avoiding the violent impact of the overall structure on the workpiece, die and other structures, and avoiding potential safety hazards as much as possible.

[0082] The limiting device 46 includes a limiting ring disposed on the guiding shaft 43, and the limiting ring is fixedly locked in the circumferential direction of the guiding shaft 43. In some embodiments, a plurality of limiting rings are provided, respectively sleeved on each guiding shaft 43 of the guiding assembly 4, and the limiting rings are located in the same plane in the axial direction and act together to form a limiting end face.

[0083] It can be understood that the vertical projection in the axial direction of the limiting ring and the slidable carriage can at least partially overlap. Therefore, when the carriage passes through the limiting ring, a position interference will inevitably occur, and the carriage is axially limited by blocking through the limiting ring.

[0084] Preferably, the limiting ring is fixedly arranged on the secondary guiding shaft group 42 and is located between the first mounting plate 431 and the processing table 2.

[0085] In yet another embodiment, the limiting device 46 further includes limiting posts separately arranged on the processing table 2 and the adjacent carriage. Specifically, the limiting device 46 includes an upper limiting post and a lower limiting post. The upper limiting post and the lower limiting post are arranged in the same axial direction, and are respectively fixed on the lower end face of the first mounting plate 431 and the upper end face of the processing table 2. The upper limiting post can move up and down following the first mounting plate 431, and the distance between the upper limiting post and the lower limiting post is less than the distance from the clamping portion 31 to the workpiece. When an emergency such as weightlessness or detachment of the carriage occurs, the upper limiting post and the lower limiting post can abut and support each other axially to prevent the entire first mounting plate 431 from colliding with the processing table 2 and damaging the equipment.

[0086] Combined with Figure 9 According to the structural schematic diagram of the waste chip collection tooling shown in the content, the broaching machine further includes a machine cover 62 covering the outside of the broaching device 1, and a machine frame 61 for supporting the processing table 2 and the guiding assembly 4 is arranged below the machine cover 62. Wherein, a waste chip collection mechanism located below the broaching assembly 3 is further arranged inside the machine frame 61, and the vertical projection of the broaching assembly 3 along the guiding direction falls into the chip collection box 64 of the waste chip collection mechanism.

[0087] In one embodiment, the waste chip collection mechanism is a chip collection box 64 arranged below the broaching assembly 3, and the cutting scraps of the broaching assembly 3 directly fall into the chip collection box 64. Specifically, an opening is provided at the top of the chip collection box 64, and the opening corresponds to and communicates with the dust-proof cover 63 above; the bottom is at least partially inwardly contracted in a funnel shape, and a chip extraction channel for communicating with an external dust suction device is provided on the bottom wall.

[0088] It can be understood that by collecting waste chips through the waste chip collection funnel mechanism and then sucking them away by a vacuum cleaner, only the inner tank of the dust suction device needs to be cleaned regularly, which greatly improves the cleaning portability of the equipment and maintains a good processing environment inside.

[0089] In addition, for the convenience of internal debugging of the broaching device 1, a sealable door is provided on the side of the chip collection box 64. The sealable door is in a closed state during the working state and can be covered on the side wall of the chip collection box 64 through an adjustable locking structure; while in the non-working state, the broaching device 1 can be at least partially opened by adjusting the locking structure.

[0090] The present application also provides a control method for a broaching device, providing a tool adapted to the above-mentioned broaching device 1. The tool includes a first end and a second end. The control method includes:

[0091] Fix the first end of the tool through the clamping part, and drive the clamping part to drive the second end of the tool to penetrate through the workpiece hole.

[0092] Replace the clamping part with the broaching part, fix the second end of the tool, and continue to drive the broaching part to drive the first end of the tool to penetrate through the workpiece hole.

[0093] The present application can maintain the consistency of the cutting direction through the broaching device, so that the smoothness of the cutting surface can be significantly improved, which can not only improve the processing efficiency, but also make the processed end face of the workpiece more beautiful and reduce burrs.

[0094] In addition, the air flow direction blown out from the first guide sleeve and the tool axis are generally consistent with the guiding direction of the guiding component, which can make the flying direction of the debris carried away by the air flow more concentrated, reducing the uneven flying of the debris. Moreover, compared with the cleaning methods of direct blowing or oblique blowing from the side, blowing air out from the first guide sleeve can increase the coverage area of the air flow on the tool surface, reduce the chip cleaning dead angle, and there is no need to separately increase too many blowing directions, which can simplify the overall structure of the broaching device, greatly improve the cleaning area and cleaning efficiency of the tool body surface, and also make the space utilization efficiency of the broaching component higher.

[0095] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention and do not limit the technical solutions described in the present invention. Although the present specification has described the present invention in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that those skilled in the art can still modify the present invention or make equivalent substitutions, and all technical solutions and their improvements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hole drawing device, characterized in that: It includes a broaching assembly and an air intake system, the broaching assembly includes a tool and a clamping part, the clamping part includes a first clamping device, the first clamping device includes a first guide sleeve and at least two clamping arms, the clamping arms are evenly arranged around the first guide sleeve, the first guide sleeve has an air guide channel, the air guide channel is connected to the air intake system, the air guide channel includes an air outlet, and the axis of the air outlet coincides with the distribution center line of the clamping arm.

2. The hole pulling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The broaching assembly also includes a broaching portion, a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate, wherein the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate are distributed on both sides of the processing table, the clamping portion is fixed to a side of the first mounting plate close to the processing table, and the broaching portion is fixed to a side of the second mounting plate close to the processing table, and the broaching portion includes a second clamping device, and the axes of the first clamping device and the second clamping device coincide.

3. The hole drawing device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second clamping device also includes a second guide sleeve, and a side wall of the second guide sleeve is provided with a chip removal opening.

4. The hole pulling device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The processing table includes an air outlet channel connected to the air intake system, the air outlet channel includes at least two air outlets, the air outlets of the air outlet channel are arranged close to the tool, and the air outlets are arranged along the circumference of the tool.

5. The hole pulling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hole pulling equipment includes a dust cover, a first pipeline and a second pipeline, at least part of the first pipeline and the second pipeline are located in the dust cover, the channel formed by the first pipeline and the second pipeline is an air outlet channel, one end of the first pipeline and the second pipeline are connected, and the other end is arranged close to the axis of the tool, and the axis of the air outlet of the first pipeline intersects with the axis of the air outlet of the second pipeline.

6. The hole drawing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing table is provided with a first avoidance opening that can at least avoid the tool, the guide assembly is arranged around both sides of the first avoidance opening, a feeding track and a storage table for lateral feeding are reserved in the middle of the guide assembly, the storage table can transport the workpiece to above the first avoidance opening along the feeding track, the feeding track also includes a loading position away from the first avoidance opening, the hole pulling equipment also includes a cleaning assembly and a third driving unit, the cleaning assembly includes a brush facing the axial hole of the workpiece when located at the loading position, and the third driving unit drives the brush to clean the processing hole of the workpiece.

7. The hole pulling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The hole-drawing equipment also includes a machine cover arranged above the processing table and a frame arranged below the processing table. A chip collecting box with a downwardly contracted bottom is arranged in the frame, and the projections of the drawing assembly in the vertical direction all fall into the chip collecting box.

8. The hole pulling device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The driving assembly includes a first driving part and a support plate fixedly connected to the end of the guide assembly. The end of the output shaft of the first driving part is connected to a driving plate that slides along the guide assembly. The first driving part drives the driving plate to move up and down with the support plate as a fulcrum.

9. The hole drawing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The guide assembly includes a main guide shaft group and a secondary guide shaft group. The two ends of the main guide shaft group are respectively fixed on the support plate and the processing table, and the two ends of the secondary guide shaft group are respectively fixed on the driving plate and the second mounting plate.

10. The hole drawing device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A second driving part is further arranged between the driving plate and the first mounting plate, and the second driving part can control the first mounting plate to move relative to the driving plate.

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