Opening and closing system, vehicle head and rail vehicle

Abstract

The invention discloses an opening and closing system, a vehicle head and a rail vehicle, and relates to the technical field of rail traffic, an upper head cover device of the opening and closing system comprises an upper head cover moving assembly and an upper head cover overturning assembly arranged on the upper head cover moving assembly, and the upper head cover moving assembly is used for driving the upper head cover overturning assembly to return; a first driving mechanism of the upper hood overturning assembly is used for driving an upper hood to overturn; the lower head cover device comprises a lower head cover moving assembly and a lower head cover overturning assembly arranged on the lower head cover moving assembly, the lower head cover moving assembly is used for driving the lower head cover overturning assembly to return, a second driving mechanism of the lower head cover overturning assembly is used for driving the lower head cover to overturn, and the overturning direction of the lower head cover is opposite to that of the upper head cover. According to the opening and closing system, the upper head cover and the lower head cover are opened and closed in a split moving and overturning mode, and the problems that the opening and closing space of the lower head cover of a flat type vehicle head structure is limited, and actions are difficult to achieve are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rail transit, and particularly relates to an opening and closing system, a locomotive head, and a rail vehicle. Background Art

[0002] In the design of high-speed multiple units, the opening and closing system of the locomotive head is a key component for realizing train coupling, traction, and optimizing aerodynamic performance. The cowls of traditional multiple units mostly adopt the left-right rotation opening and closing method, and the opening and closing of the cowl are realized through a single rotation action.

[0003] However, with the continuous increase in the designed speed of trains, the structure of the locomotive head is also continuously optimized. For example, the CR450 multiple unit adopts a flat locomotive head structure, and the front end width of the car body is relatively large. It is difficult to achieve a reasonable layout in space and the operation difficulty is relatively high by using the mature left-right rotation cowl technology. Since an anti-climbing and energy-absorbing device is designed at the front end of the locomotive head, the internal space of the cowl is further compressed, so that the cowl needs to avoid the anti-climbing and energy-absorbing device during the movement process, and the traditional single rotation movement method is difficult to meet this requirement. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present application is to provide an opening and closing system, which effectively solves the problems of limited opening and closing space and difficult operation realization of the cowl under the flat locomotive head structure by adopting a split movement and flipping opening and closing method for the upper cowl and the lower cowl. Another purpose of the present application is to provide a locomotive head and a rail vehicle.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides an opening and closing system, including:

[0006] An upper cowl device, including an upper cowl moving component and an upper cowl flipping component arranged on the upper cowl moving component. The upper cowl moving component is used to drive the upper cowl flipping component to retract. The upper cowl flipping component includes an upper cowl and a first driving mechanism connected to the upper cowl. The first driving mechanism is used to drive the upper cowl to flip;

[0007] A lower cowl device, including a lower cowl moving component and a lower cowl flipping component arranged on the lower cowl moving component. The lower cowl moving component is used to drive the lower cowl flipping component to retract. The lower cowl flipping component includes a lower cowl and a second driving mechanism connected to the lower cowl. The second driving mechanism is used to drive the lower cowl to flip, and the flipping direction of the lower cowl is opposite to that of the upper cowl.

[0008] In some embodiments, the first driving mechanism includes a first driving component. The output end of the first driving component is connected to a second connecting rod. The second connecting rod is hinged to a first connecting rod. The first connecting rod is connected to the upper cowl through a transmission component;

[0009] Before the upper hood flips, the second link can rotate to a first position parallel to the first link, and the extending directions of the second link and the first link are parallel to the direction of the external force applied to the upper hood; and / or,

[0010] After the upper hood flips, the second link can rotate to a second position parallel to the first link, and the extending directions of the second link and the first link are parallel to the direction of the external force applied to the upper hood.

[0011] In some embodiments, the transmission component includes a slide rail, on which a first sliding plate and a second sliding plate are provided. The first sliding plate is hinged to a first connecting member, the first connecting member is connected to the upper hood, the second sliding plate is connected to a support plate, the support plate is hinged to the first link, the support plate is also hinged to a third link, and the third link is hinged to the first connecting member.

[0012] In some embodiments, the transmission component further includes a first limiting block located on the movement path of the first sliding plate. Before the first sliding plate contacts the first limiting block, the upper hood retracts along the slide rail driven by the third link. After the first sliding plate contacts the first limiting block, the upper hood flips around the hinge point between the first connecting member and the first sliding plate driven by the third link.

[0013] In some embodiments, the upper hood flipping assembly includes a first mounting structure, on which the first driving component, the slide rail, the first limiting block and a first lock seat are provided. A first lock is provided on the second sliding plate. When the upper hood completes retraction and flipping, the first lock engages with the first lock seat.

[0014] In some embodiments, the first driving mechanism includes a second limiting block and a third limiting block. The second limiting block is used to limit the second link from moving around a first direction in the first position, and the third limiting block is used to limit the second link from moving around a second direction in the second position. The included angle between the second limiting block and the third limiting block is 180°.

[0015] In some embodiments, the second driving mechanism includes a second driving component. The output end of the second driving component is connected to a fourth link, the fourth link is hinged to a fifth link, the fifth link is hinged to a second connecting member, and the second connecting member is connected to the lower hood; the lower hood flipping assembly includes a second mounting structure, the second driving component is provided on the second mounting structure, and the second connecting member is rotatably connected to the second mounting structure;

[0016] Before the lower cowl flips, the fourth link can rotate to a third position parallel to the fifth link, and the extending directions of the fourth link and the fifth link are parallel to the direction of the external force applied to the lower cowl.

[0017] In some embodiments, the second driving mechanism includes a fourth limit block, and the fourth limit block is used to limit the movement of the fourth link around a first direction in the third position.

[0018] In some embodiments, the upper cowl moving assembly includes a third driving mechanism and a third mounting structure. The third driving mechanism is disposed on the third mounting structure. The third driving mechanism includes a third driving member, the output end of the third driving member is connected to a first lead screw, a first nut is provided on the first lead screw, and the first nut is connected to the upper cowl flipping assembly;

[0019] The lower cowl moving assembly includes a fourth driving mechanism and a fourth mounting structure. The fourth driving mechanism is disposed on the fourth mounting structure. The fourth driving mechanism includes a fourth driving member, the output end of the fourth driving member is connected to a second lead screw, a second nut is provided on the second lead screw, and the second nut is connected to the lower cowl flipping assembly.

[0020] In some embodiments, the upper cowl moving assembly includes a second latch seat and a second latch. The second latch seat is disposed on the third mounting structure, and the second latch is disposed on the upper cowl flipping assembly. When the upper cowl flipping assembly finishes retracting, the second latch engages with the second latch seat.

[0021] In some embodiments, the upper cowl flipping assembly includes a first driving member, the lower cowl flipping assembly includes a second driving member, the upper cowl moving assembly includes a third driving member, and the lower cowl moving assembly includes a fourth driving member. The first driving member, the second driving member, the third driving member, and the fourth driving member are all provided with a driving part, a speed reducer, and a clutch. The output end of the driving part is connected to the input end of the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is connected to the input end of the clutch, and the clutch is provided with an output end. The coupling and decoupling of the input end and the output end of the clutch are controlled through the clutch.

[0022] This application also provides a vehicle head including the above opening and closing system.

[0023] This application also provides a rail vehicle including the above vehicle head.

[0024] Compared with the above-mentioned background art, the opening and closing system provided by the present application mainly includes an upper cowl device and a lower cowl device. The upper cowl device includes an upper cowl moving component and an upper cowl flipping component provided on the upper cowl moving component. The upper cowl moving component is used to drive the upper cowl flipping component to retract. The upper cowl flipping component includes an upper cowl and a first driving mechanism connected to the upper cowl. The first driving mechanism is used to drive the upper cowl to flip. The lower cowl device includes a lower cowl moving component and a lower cowl flipping component provided on the lower cowl moving component. The lower cowl moving component is used to drive the lower cowl flipping component to retract. The lower cowl flipping component includes a lower cowl and a second driving mechanism connected to the lower cowl. The second driving mechanism is used to drive the lower cowl to flip. The flipping direction of the lower cowl is opposite to that of the upper cowl.

[0025] In the design of high-speed multiple units, the opening and closing system of the train head is a key component for realizing train coupling, traction, and optimizing aerodynamic performance. However, with the continuous increase in the designed speed of the train, the structure of the train head is also constantly optimized. For example, the CR450 multiple units adopt a flat train head structure, and the width of the front end of the car body is relatively large. In this structure, it is difficult to achieve a reasonable layout in space with the traditional left-right rotating cowl technology, and the operation difficulty is relatively high. In addition, since an anti-climbing and energy-absorbing device is designed at the front end of the train head, the internal space of the cowl is further compressed, so that the cowl needs to avoid the anti-climbing and energy-absorbing device during the movement process. The traditional single rotation movement mode is difficult to meet this requirement.

[0026] In view of the above problems, the present application provides an innovative opening and closing system. The system mainly includes an upper cowl device and a lower cowl device. The upper cowl device includes an upper cowl moving component and an upper cowl flipping component. The upper cowl moving component is used to drive the upper cowl flipping component to retract, and the upper cowl flipping component includes an upper cowl and a first driving mechanism connected to the upper cowl. The first driving mechanism is used to drive the upper cowl to flip upward. This design enables the upper cowl to not only adjust its position through the moving component but also change its angle through the flipping component, thereby completing complex opening and closing actions within a limited space.

[0027] The design of the lower cowl device is similar to that of the upper cowl device, including a lower cowl moving component and a lower cowl flipping component. The lower cowl moving component is used to drive the lower cowl flipping component to retract. The lower cowl flipping component includes a lower cowl and a second driving mechanism connected to the lower cowl. The second driving mechanism is used to drive the lower cowl to flip downward. The flipping direction of the lower cowl is opposite to that of the upper cowl, that is, the upper cowl flips upward and the lower cowl flips downward. This design with opposite flipping directions enables the upper and lower cowls to better coordinate their actions during the opening and closing process, avoid mutual interference, and better adapt to the spatial layout at the front end of the train head.

[0028] Because the upper hood and the lower hood can not only achieve the flipping action, but also further retract on the basis of flipping. This retracting function further enhances the opening and closing function of the opening and closing system, enabling the hood to better avoid the anti-climbing and energy-absorbing device at the front end of the locomotive head during the opening and closing process, so as to achieve a smooth opening and closing action within a limited space.

[0029] Combined with the above structure and process description, it can be seen that the opening and closing system has at least the following beneficial effects: By adopting the split-type movement and flipping opening and closing method of the upper hood and the lower hood, the opening and closing system effectively solves the problems of limited opening and closing space and difficult action implementation of the hood under the flat locomotive head structure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained according to the provided drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the opening and closing system provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the upper hood flipping assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the upper hood flipping assembly and the lower hood flipping assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the upper hood moving assembly provided by the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the opening and closing system provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 2 ;

[0036] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the opening and closing system provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 3 ;

[0037] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the opening and closing system provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 4 ;

[0038] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the clutch provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0039] Among them:

[0040] Upper hood device 1,

[0041] Upper hood moving component 11,

[0042] Third driving mechanism 111, third mounting structure 112, second latch seat 113, second latch 114, third travel switch 115, fourth travel switch 116,

[0043] Third driving part 1111, first lead screw 1112, first nut 1113,

[0044] Third driving member 11111, third reducer 11112, third clutch 11113,

[0045] Upper hood flipping component 12,

[0046] Upper hood 121, first driving mechanism 122, first mounting structure 123, first latch seat 124, first latch 125, first travel switch 126, second travel switch 127,

[0047] First driving part 1221, first connecting rod 1222, second connecting rod 1223, transmission part 1224,

[0048] First driving member 12211, first reducer 12212, first clutch 12213,

[0049] Slide rail 12241, first sliding plate 12242, second sliding plate 12243, first connecting piece 12244, support plate 12245, third connecting rod 12246, first limiting block 12247,

[0050] Lower hood device 2,

[0051] Lower hood moving component 21,

[0052] Fourth driving mechanism 211, fourth mounting structure 212, seventh travel switch 213, eighth travel switch 214,

[0053] Fourth driving part 2111, second lead screw 2112, second nut 2113,

[0054] Fourth driving member 21111, fourth reducer 21112, fourth clutch 21113,

[0055] Lower hood flipping component 22,

[0056] Lower hood 221, second driving mechanism 222, second mounting structure 223, fifth travel switch 224, sixth travel switch 225,

[0057] Second driving part 2221, fourth connecting rod 2222, fifth connecting rod 2223, second connecting piece 2224,

[0058] The second driving member 22211, the second speed reducer 22212, the second clutch 22213,

[0059] the input gear shaft 31, the output gear shaft 32, and the clutch gear shaft 33. Specific embodiments

[0060] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present application without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0061] To enable those skilled in the art of the present technology to better understand the solutions of the present application, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing system provided by the embodiment of the present application Figure 1 .

[0063] In the first specific embodiment, the opening and closing system provided by the implementation solution of the present application mainly includes an upper hood device 1 and a lower hood device 2. The upper hood device 1 includes an upper hood moving assembly 11 and an upper hood flipping assembly 12 provided on the upper hood moving assembly 11. The upper hood moving assembly 11 is used to drive the upper hood flipping assembly 12 to retract. The upper hood flipping assembly 12 includes an upper hood 121 and a first driving mechanism 122 connected to the upper hood 121. The first driving mechanism 122 is used to drive the upper hood 121 to flip. The lower hood device 2 includes a lower hood moving assembly 21 and a lower hood flipping assembly 22 provided on the lower hood moving assembly 21. The lower hood moving assembly 21 is used to drive the lower hood flipping assembly 22 to retract. The lower hood flipping assembly 22 includes a lower hood 221 and a second driving mechanism 222 connected to the lower hood 221. The second driving mechanism 222 is used to drive the lower hood 221 to flip, and the flipping direction of the lower hood 221 is opposite to that of the upper hood 121.

[0064] In the design of high-speed EMUs, the opening and closing system of the train head is a key component for train coupling, traction, and aerodynamic performance optimization. However, with the continuous increase in the designed speed of the train, the head structure is also constantly optimized. For example, the CR450 EMU adopts a flat head structure with a relatively large width at the front end of the car body. In this structure, it is difficult to achieve a reasonable spatial layout with the traditional left-right rotating cowl technology, and the operation difficulty is relatively high. In addition, due to the anti-climbing and energy-absorbing device designed at the front end of the head, the internal space of the cowl is further compressed, making it necessary for the cowl to avoid the anti-climbing and energy-absorbing device during movement. The traditional single rotating motion mode is difficult to meet this requirement.

[0065] To address the above problems, the present application provides an innovative opening and closing system. The system mainly includes an upper cowl device 1 and a lower cowl device 2. The upper cowl device 1 includes an upper cowl moving component 11 and an upper cowl flipping component 12. The upper cowl moving component 11 is used to drive the upper cowl flipping component 12 to retract, and the upper cowl flipping component 12 includes an upper cowl 121 and a first driving mechanism 122 connected to the upper cowl 121. The first driving mechanism 122 is used to drive the upper cowl 121 to flip upward. This design enables the upper cowl 121 to not only adjust its position through the upper cowl moving component 11 but also change its angle through the upper cowl flipping component 12, thereby completing complex opening and closing actions within a limited space.

[0066] The design of the lower cowl device 2 is similar to that of the upper cowl device 1, including a lower cowl moving component 21 and a lower cowl flipping component 22. The lower cowl moving component 21 is used to drive the lower cowl flipping component 22 to retract. The lower cowl flipping component 22 includes a lower cowl 221 and a second driving mechanism 222 connected to the lower cowl 221. The second driving mechanism 222 is used to drive the lower cowl 221 to flip downward. The flipping direction of the lower cowl 221 is opposite to that of the upper cowl 121, that is, when the upper cowl 121 flips upward, the lower cowl 221 flips downward. This design with opposite flipping directions enables the upper and lower cowls to better coordinate their actions during the opening and closing process, avoiding mutual interference, and also better adapting to the spatial layout at the front end of the head.

[0067] Since the upper cowl 121 and the lower cowl 221 can not only perform flipping actions but also further retract on the basis of flipping, this retracting function further enhances the opening and closing function of the opening and closing system, enabling the cowl to better avoid the anti-climbing and energy-absorbing device at the front end of the head during the opening and closing process, and thus achieving smooth opening and closing actions within a limited space.

[0068] Combined with the above structure and process description, it can be seen that the opening and closing system has at least the following beneficial effects: By adopting a split-type movement and flipping opening and closing method for the upper hood 121 and the lower hood 221, the opening and closing system effectively solves the problems of limited opening and closing space and difficult movement implementation for the hood under the flat front structure.

[0069] Please refer to Figures 2 to 7 , where Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the upper hood flipping assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the upper hood flipping assembly and the lower hood flipping assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the upper hood moving assembly provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing system provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure 2 , Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing system provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure 3 , Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the opening and closing system provided by an embodiment of the present application Figure 4 .

[0070] In some embodiments, the first driving mechanism 122 includes a first driving component 1221. The output end of the first driving component 1221 is connected to the second connecting rod 1223. The second connecting rod 1223 is hinged to the first connecting rod 1222. The first connecting rod 1222 is connected to the upper hood 121 through a transmission component 1224;

[0071] Before the upper hood 121 flips, the second connecting rod 1223 can rotate to a first position parallel to the first connecting rod 1222. The extending directions of the second connecting rod 1223 and the first connecting rod 1222 are parallel to the direction of the external force received by the upper hood 121.

[0072] In this embodiment, the first driving mechanism 122 adopts a unique mechanical structure design to achieve the stable flipping and locking functions of the upper hood 121. The first driving mechanism 122 includes a first driving component 1221, whose output end is connected to the second connecting rod 1223. The second connecting rod 1223 is hinged to the first connecting rod 1222, and the first connecting rod 1222 is connected to the upper hood 121 through a transmission component 1224. This structural layout enables the movement of the upper hood 121 to be precisely controlled through the transmission of the link mechanism.

[0073] When the opening and closing system is closed, that is, before the upper hood 121 is flipped, the second link 1223 can rotate to a first position parallel to the first link 1222. At this time, the extending directions of the second link 1223 and the first link 1222 are parallel to the direction of the external force applied to the upper hood 121. Since the second link 1223 and the first link 1222 are horizontally installed, a vertical force is required to rotate them. However, the direction of the external force applied to the upper hood 121 is parallel to the horizontal direction of the links, so the component of the external force in the vertical direction is zero, and the second link 1223 and the first link 1222 cannot be rotated. This design cleverly utilizes the dead center principle of the mechanical structure, enabling the opening and closing system to be locked by the dead center when closed, thereby achieving a stable locking function and ensuring that the upper hood 121 remains fixed in the closed state and will not be accidentally opened by external forces.

[0074] In some embodiments, after the upper hood 121 is flipped, the second link 1223 can rotate to a second position parallel to the first link 1222, and the extending directions of the second link 1223 and the first link 1222 are parallel to the direction of the external force applied to the upper hood 121.

[0075] It should be noted that the second position and the first position are two different positions that the second link 1223 can move to. The angle between the second link 1223 in the second position and the second link 1223 in the first position is 180°, and the second link 1223 is horizontal with the first link 1222 both in the first position and the second position.

[0076] In this embodiment, the design of the opening and closing system not only utilizes the mechanical dead center to ensure stability when closed, but also realizes the double dead center function through a clever structural design during the opening process, further enhancing the reliability and safety of the system.

[0077] When the opening and closing system switches from the closed state to the open state, the first driving member 1221 starts to work, controlling the second link 1223 to rotate out from the first position parallel to the first link 1222. This action first releases the dead center of the opening and closing system when it is closed, enabling the system to enter the moving state from the locked state. With the continuous driving of the first driving member 1221, the second link 1223 continues to rotate from the first position to the second position. When the second link 1223 reaches the second position, it is parallel to the first link 1222 again, and the extending directions of both are parallel to the direction of the external force applied to the upper hood 121.

[0078] At this time, the opening and closing system has not only completed the opening action but also formed a new dead point. The formation of this dead point means that in the open state, the system can also utilize the characteristics of the mechanical structure to maintain stability and prevent unexpected movement of the cowl due to accidental external forces. In this way, the opening and closing system realizes the dead point locking function in both the closed and open key states, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system in different working states. This design of dual dead points not only improves the safety of the system but also reduces the potential failure risk caused by external force interference, providing a more reliable guarantee for the operation of high-speed multiple units.

[0079] In some embodiments, the transmission component 1224 includes a slide rail 12241, on which a first sliding plate 12242 and a second sliding plate 12243 capable of sliding are provided. The first sliding plate 12242 is hinged to a first connecting member 12244, and the first connecting member 12244 is connected to the upper cowl 121. The second sliding plate 12243 is connected to a support plate 12245, and the support plate 12245 is hinged to a first connecting rod 1222. The support plate 12245 is also hinged to a third connecting rod 12246, and the third connecting rod 12246 is hinged to the first connecting member 12244.

[0080] In this embodiment, the design of the transmission component 1224 provides diverse implementation methods for the movement of the upper cowl 121, enabling it to complete complex opening and closing actions. The transmission component 1224 includes a slide rail 12241, on which a first sliding plate 12242 and a second sliding plate 12243 are provided. The first sliding plate 12242 is hinged to a first connecting member 12244, and the first connecting member 12244 is further connected to the upper cowl 121. The second sliding plate 12243 is connected to a support plate 12245, and the support plate 12245 is hinged to a first connecting rod 1222. Moreover, the support plate 12245 is also hinged to a third connecting rod 12246, and the third connecting rod 12246 is hinged to the first connecting member 12244.

[0081] This structural design enables the upper cowl 121 not only to achieve a flipping action driven by the third connecting rod 12246 but also to perform a retracting movement along the slide rail 12241. Specifically, when the opening and closing system needs to be opened, the upper cowl 121 first retracts along the slide rail 12241 driven by the third connecting rod 12246. This retracting action enables the upper cowl 121 to be initially unfolded in space, creating conditions for the subsequent flipping action. Subsequently, the upper cowl 121 is further driven by the third connecting rod 12246 to achieve flipping, completing the opening process of the opening and closing system. Through this combined effect of retracting and flipping, the upper cowl 121 can enter the open state more smoothly and can also better avoid structures such as the anti-climbing and energy-absorbing devices at the front end of the locomotive head, strengthening the function and reliability of the opening and closing system in the open state.

[0082] In some embodiments, the transmission component 1224 further includes a first limit block 12247. The first limit block 12247 is located on the movement path of the first sliding plate 12242. Before the first sliding plate 12242 contacts the first limit block 12247, the upper hood 121 is retracted horizontally along the slide rail 12241 driven by the third connecting rod 12246. After the first sliding plate 12242 contacts the first limit block 12247, the upper hood 121 is flipped at the hinge point of the first connecting member 12244 and the first sliding plate 12242 driven by the third connecting rod 12246.

[0083] In this embodiment, the design of the transmission component 1224 further refines the implementation methods of the horizontal retraction and flipping actions of the upper hood 121. By introducing the first limit block 12247, the conversion mechanism of these two movements is clarified.

[0084] The transmission component 1224 includes a slide rail 12241, a first sliding plate 12242, a second sliding plate 12243, a support plate 12245, and a third connecting rod 12246. At the same time, a first limit block 12247 is additionally provided. The first limit block 12247 is located on the movement path of the first sliding plate 12242 and plays a key role in movement conversion.

[0085] In the retraction stage, the power of the third connecting rod 12246 is transmitted to the first sliding plate 12242 through the first connecting member 12244. At this time, the first sliding plate 12242 slides freely on the slide rail 12241, driving the upper hood 121 to retract horizontally along the slide rail 12241. This process enables the upper hood 121 to move backward in the horizontal direction, creating spatial conditions for the subsequent flipping action.

[0086] When the first sliding plate 12242 contacts the first limit block 12247, the retraction movement stops. At this time, the first sliding plate 12242 is restricted by the first limit block 12247 and remains stationary. Subsequently, the power of the third connecting rod 12246 drives the first connecting member 12244 to rotate around the hinge point of the first sliding plate 12242 and the first connecting member 12244. This rotational movement drives the upper hood 121 to achieve a flipping action, completing the transformation from the closed state to the open state.

[0087] Through this design, the transmission component 1224 not only realizes the horizontal retraction and flipping actions of the upper hood 121, but also precisely controls the conversion timing of these two movements through the first limit block 12247. This precise movement control method makes the actions of the opening and closing system more stable and reliable, and also improves the overall performance and safety of the system.

[0088] It should be noted that before the first sliding plate 12242 contacts the first limiting block 12247, the flipping effect of the third connecting rod 12246 on the upper hood 121 is offset by the gravity of the upper hood 121. At this time, only the first sliding plate 12242 slides, and the first connecting member 12244 does not rotate. It is not until after the first sliding plate 12242 contacts the first limiting block 12247 that the first sliding plate 12242 is fixed, the flipping effect of the third connecting rod 12246 on the upper hood 121 is enhanced, overcoming the gravity of the upper hood 121, and the first connecting member 12244 rotates, thereby realizing the flipping of the upper hood 121 driven by the third connecting rod 12246.

[0089] In some embodiments, the upper hood flipping assembly 12 includes a first mounting structure 123, on which a first driving member 1221, a slide rail 12241, a first limiting block 12247 and a first latch seat 124 are provided. A first latch 125 is provided on the second sliding plate 12243. After the upper hood 121 completes the flat retraction and flipping, the first latch 125 engages with the first latch seat 124.

[0090] In this embodiment, the design of the upper hood flipping assembly 12 further improves the locking mechanism of the opening and closing system, ensuring that the upper hood 121 can be stably held in the open state after completing the flat retraction and flipping actions.

[0091] The upper hood flipping assembly 12 includes a first mounting structure 123, which integrates multiple key components, including a first driving member 1221, a slide rail 12241, a first limiting block 12247 and a first latch seat 124. These components work together to ensure the realization of the movement and locking functions of the upper hood 121. In addition, a first latch 125 is provided on the second sliding plate 12243, and this latch is used in cooperation with the first latch seat 124 to play a locking role.

[0092] After the upper hood 121 completes the flat retraction and flipping actions, the first latch 125 engages with the first latch seat 124. This engaging process not only ensures the stability of the upper hood 121 in the open state but also prevents accidental closing caused by external forces or vibrations. Through this locking mechanism, the opening and closing system can be reliably fixed in the open state, providing safety guarantees for the coupling or other operations of the train.

[0093] This design realizes the precise control of the movement of the upper hood 121 and the reliable locking function by integrating multiple functional components on the first mounting structure 123, further improving the overall performance and reliability of the opening and closing system.

[0094] In some embodiments, the first driving mechanism 122 includes a second limiting block and a third limiting block. The second limiting block is used to limit the movement of the second connecting rod 1223 around the first direction at the first position, and the third limiting block is used to limit the movement of the second connecting rod 1223 around the second direction at the second position. The included angle between the second limiting block and the third limiting block is 180°.

[0095] In this embodiment, the design of the first driving mechanism 122 further optimizes the motion control and stability of the opening and closing system by introducing the second limiting block and the third limiting block. The setting of these two limiting blocks ensures the precise position control of the second connecting rod 1223 in different working states, and at the same time enhances the reliability of the system by utilizing the dead point principle.

[0096] Specifically, the second limiting block in the first driving mechanism 122 is used to limit the movement of the second connecting rod 1223 around the first direction (such as the clockwise direction) at the first position. When the opening and closing system is in the closed state, the second connecting rod 1223 forms a stable dead point at the first position. The formation of this dead point is achieved through the limiting effect of the second limiting block, which prevents the second connecting rod 1223 from excessive movement in the closed state, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the opening and closing system in the closed state.

[0097] On the other hand, the third limiting block is used to limit the movement of the second connecting rod 1223 around the second direction (such as the counterclockwise direction) at the second position. When the opening and closing system is in the open state, the second connecting rod 1223 also forms a stable dead point at the second position. The formation of this dead point is achieved through the limiting effect of the third limiting block, which prevents the second connecting rod 1223 from excessive movement in the open state, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the opening and closing system in the open state.

[0098] It should be noted that the movement range of the second connecting rod 1223 is limited by the second limiting block and the third limiting block. The movement range of the second connecting rod 1223 is 180° between the two limiting blocks, that is, the two positions from 0° to 180° respectively correspond to the two dead point positions. This design not only ensures the stability of the second connecting rod 1223 at the two key positions, but also avoids system failures or damages caused by excessive movement by restricting its movement range.

[0099] In some embodiments, the second driving mechanism 222 includes a second driving component 2221. The output end of the second driving component 2221 is connected to a fourth connecting rod 2222. The fourth connecting rod 2222 is hinged to a fifth connecting rod 2223. The fifth connecting rod 2223 is hinged to a second connecting member 2224. The second connecting member 2224 is connected to the lower head cover 221; the lower head cover flipping assembly 22 includes a second mounting structure 223. The second driving component 2221 is disposed on the second mounting structure 223. The second connecting member 2224 is rotatably connected to the second mounting structure 223;

[0100] Before the lower cowl 221 flips, the fourth link 2222 can rotate to a third position parallel to the fifth link 2223, and the extending directions of the fourth link 2222 and the fifth link 2223 are parallel to the direction of the external force applied to the lower cowl 221.

[0101] In this embodiment, the design of the second driving mechanism 222 ingeniously utilizes the principle of mechanical dead center to ensure the stability and reliability of the lower cowl 221 during the flipping process. This design realizes the stable locking of the lower cowl 221 in different working states through the precise layout of the link mechanism.

[0102] The second driving mechanism 222 includes a second driving component 2221, whose output end is connected to the fourth link 2222. The fourth link 2222 is hinged to the fifth link 2223, the fifth link 2223 is further hinged to the second connecting member 2224, and the second connecting member 2224 is connected to the lower cowl 221. The design of this link mechanism enables the movement of the lower cowl 221 to be precisely controlled by the driving of the second driving component 2221.

[0103] The lower cowl flipping assembly 22 further includes a second mounting structure 223, and the second driving component 2221 is mounted on this structure. The movement transmission between the second connecting member 2224 and the second mounting structure 223 is achieved through a rotational connection. This design not only ensures the movement flexibility of the lower cowl 221 but also realizes stable control through the layout of the link mechanism.

[0104] Before the lower cowl 221 flips, the fourth link 2222 can rotate to a third position parallel to the fifth link 2223. At this time, the extending directions of the fourth link 2222 and the fifth link 2223 are parallel to the direction of the external force applied to the lower cowl 221, and the fourth link 2222 and the fifth link 2223 are horizontal. This layout utilizes the principle of mechanical dead center: due to the parallel arrangement of the links, the component of any external force attempting to rotate the links in the vertical direction is zero, so the links cannot be driven to move. This means that before the lower cowl 221 flips, the system achieves a stable locked state through the mechanical dead center, preventing accidental movement caused by external forces.

[0105] This design not only improves the stability of the lower cowl 221 in the closed state but also ensures the overall reliability of the opening and closing system through the precise mechanical layout. By utilizing the principle of mechanical dead center, the second driving mechanism 222 can lock the lower cowl 221 when needed to prevent it from accidentally moving due to external forces, thus providing higher safety protection for the operation of high-speed multiple units.

[0106] In some embodiments, the second driving mechanism 222 includes a fourth limiting block 2225, and the fourth limiting block 2225 is used to limit the movement of the fourth connecting rod 2222 around the first direction at the third position.

[0107] In this embodiment, the design of the second driving mechanism 222 further optimizes the movement control and stability of the lower head cover 221. By introducing the fourth limiting block 2225, the stability and reliability of the fourth connecting rod 2222 at a specific position are ensured.

[0108] Specifically, the second driving mechanism 222 includes a fourth limiting block 2225, and the function of this limiting block is to limit the movement of the fourth connecting rod 2222 around the first direction (such as the clockwise direction) at the third position. When the opening and closing system is in the closed state, the fourth connecting rod 2222 forms a stable dead point at the third position. The formation of this dead point is achieved through the limiting effect of the fourth limiting block 2225, which prevents the fourth connecting rod 2222 from excessive movement in the closed state, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the opening and closing system in the closed state.

[0109] In some embodiments, the upper head cover moving assembly 11 includes a third driving mechanism 111 and a third mounting structure 112. The third driving mechanism 111 is disposed on the third mounting structure 112. The third driving mechanism 111 includes a third driving member 1111, the output end of the third driving member 1111 is connected to a first lead screw 1112, a first nut 1113 is provided on the first lead screw 1112, and the first nut 1113 is connected to the upper head cover flipping assembly 12;

[0110] The lower head cover moving assembly 21 includes a fourth driving mechanism 211 and a fourth mounting structure 212. The fourth driving mechanism 211 is disposed on the fourth mounting structure 212. The fourth driving mechanism 211 includes a fourth driving member 2111, the output end of the fourth driving member 2111 is connected to a second lead screw 2112, a second nut 2113 is provided on the second lead screw 2112, and the second nut 2113 is connected to the lower head cover flipping assembly 22.

[0111] In this embodiment, the designs of the upper head cover moving assembly 11 and the lower head cover moving assembly 21 provide an accurate implementation method for the complex movement of the opening and closing system. Through the transmission mechanism of the lead screw and the nut, the functions of the head cover's flat retraction, flipping, and inclined retraction are realized.

[0112] The upper hood moving assembly 11 includes a third driving mechanism 111 and a third mounting structure 112, and the third driving mechanism 111 is mounted on the third mounting structure 112. The core of the third driving mechanism 111 is a third driving component 1111, and its output end is connected to a first lead screw 1112. A first nut 1113 is provided on the first lead screw 1112, and the first nut 1113 is connected to the upper hood flipping assembly 12. This design enables the upper hood flipping assembly 12 to perform a retracting action of the upper hood 121 under the drive of the third driving component 1111.

[0113] The design of the lower hood moving assembly 21 is similar to that of the upper hood moving assembly 11. It includes a fourth driving mechanism 211 and a fourth mounting structure 212, and the fourth driving mechanism 211 is mounted on the fourth mounting structure 212. The core of the fourth driving mechanism 211 is a fourth driving component 2111, and its output end is connected to a second lead screw 2112. A second nut 2113 is provided on the second lead screw 2112, and the second nut 2113 is connected to the lower hood flipping assembly 22. This design enables the lower hood flipping assembly 22 to perform a retracting action of the lower hood 221 under the drive of the fourth driving component 2111.

[0114] It should be noted that the first lead screw 1112 and the second lead screw 2112 can be installed obliquely, forming a certain positive and negative angle with the horizontal plane respectively. For example, in the retracting direction, the first lead screw 1112 is inclined upward, while the second lead screw 2112 is inclined downward. This inclined installation method enables the upper hood 121 and the lower hood 221 to perform an oblique retracting action during the retracting process. Specifically, based on the flat retraction and flipping, the upper hood 121 realizes the oblique retraction through the inclined installation of the first lead screw 1112; based on the flipping, the lower hood 221 realizes the oblique retraction through the inclined installation of the second lead screw 2112.

[0115] Through this design, the opening and closing system can not only perform the flat retraction and flipping actions of the upper hood 121 and the lower hood 221, but also realize the oblique retraction function through the inclined installation of the lead screws. This multi-functional motion implementation method provides a reliable solution for the complex motion of the opening and closing system in a limited space, further improving the flexibility and adaptability of the system.

[0116] In some embodiments, the upper hood moving assembly 11 includes a second latch seat 113 and a second latch 114. The second latch seat 113 is provided on the third mounting structure 112, and the second latch 114 is provided on the upper hood flipping assembly 12. After the upper hood flipping assembly 12 completes the retraction, the second latch 114 engages with the second latch seat 113.

[0117] In this embodiment, the design of the upper hood moving component 11 further improves the locking mechanism of the opening and closing system, ensuring that the upper hood 121 can be stably maintained at the designated position after completing the retraction action. This design is achieved by introducing the second latch seat 113 and the second latch 114.

[0118] Specifically, the second latch seat 113 is installed on the third installation structure 112, while the second latch 114 is installed on the upper hood flipping component 12. After the upper hood flipping component 12 completes the retraction action, the second latch 114 engages with the second latch seat 113. This engagement mechanism not only ensures the stability of the upper hood 121 in the retracted state but also prevents accidental movement caused by external forces or vibrations.

[0119] During the operation of the opening and closing system, especially in the complex environment of train operation, it may be affected by various external forces, such as vibrations and impacts. Through the engagement of the second latch 114 with the second latch seat 113, the upper hood 121 can be firmly fixed in the retracted position, ensuring the reliability and safety of the opening and closing system in the closed state.

[0120] In some embodiments, the upper hood flipping component 12 includes a first driving component 1221, the lower hood flipping component 22 includes a second driving component 2221, the upper hood moving component 11 includes a third driving component 1111, and the lower hood moving component 21 includes a fourth driving component 2111. The first driving component 1221, the second driving component 2221, the third driving component 1111, and the fourth driving component 2111 are all provided with a driving member, a speed reducer, and a clutch. The output end of the driving member is connected to the input end of the speed reducer, the output end of the speed reducer is connected to the input end of the clutch, and the clutch is provided with an output end. The coupling and decoupling of the input end and the output end of the clutch are controlled through the clutch.

[0121] In this embodiment, the upper hood flipping component 12, the lower hood flipping component 22, the upper hood moving component 11, and the lower hood moving component 21 are respectively equipped with the first driving component 1221, the second driving component 2221, the third driving component 1111, and the fourth driving component 2111. These driving components all adopt a triple cooperation mode of a driving member, a speed reducer, and a clutch to achieve precise power transmission and control.

[0122] Specifically, each driving component includes a motor (such as a brake motor) as the driving member, and the output end of the motor is connected to the input end of the speed reducer. The function of the speed reducer is to reduce the speed of the motor and increase the torque, thereby providing sufficient power support for the movement of the hood. The output end of the speed reducer is further connected to the input end of the clutch, and the clutch is provided with an output end. The coupling and decoupling of its input end and output end can be controlled through the clutch.

[0123] This design has important functional advantages. First, the motor provides power during normal operation to ensure the smooth execution of actions such as the flat retraction, flipping, and inclined retraction of the hood. When the system loses power, the motor automatically locks, and this locking mechanism keeps the moving positions of the upper hood 121 and the lower hood 221 unchanged, thus realizing the power-off self-locking function. This function ensures that the hood will not move accidentally due to external forces in the power-off state, improving the safety and reliability of the system.

[0124] In addition, if manual operation is required, the clutch can be decoupled. After decoupling, the drive chain of the motor is cut off, and the operator can drive the upper hood 121 and the lower hood 221 manually without being restricted by the motor. This design not only improves the flexibility of the system but also enhances its operability in special situations (such as power failure or emergency).

[0125] Through this design, the opening and closing system can not only achieve various movement modes of the upper hood 121 and the lower hood 221 but also realize power-off self-locking through the locking function of the motor during power failure, and at the same time achieve manual control through the decoupling function of the clutch. This multi-functional drive and control mechanism provides a strong guarantee for the stable operation of the opening and closing system in a complex environment, and also improves the overall performance and operation convenience of the system.

[0126] In a specific implementation manner, the upper hood device 1 includes an upper hood moving component 11 and an upper hood flipping component 12, and the lower hood device 2 includes a lower hood moving component 21 and a lower hood flipping component 22. The movement in place is feedback by setting travel switches, which is specifically described as follows.

[0127] There are a total of eight travel switches, as follows. When the switch is touched, it means that the movement has reached this state. The first travel switch 126 is triggered when the upper hood's flat retraction and flipping are closed in place, the second travel switch 127 is triggered when the upper hood's flat retraction and flipping are opened in place, the third travel switch 115 is triggered when the upper hood's inclined retraction is closed in place, the fourth travel switch 116 is triggered when the upper hood's inclined retraction is opened in place, the fifth travel switch 224 is triggered when the lower hood's flipping is closed in place, the sixth travel switch 225 is triggered when the lower hood's flipping is opened in place, the seventh travel switch 213 is triggered when the lower hood's inclined retraction is closed in place, and the eighth travel switch 214 is triggered when the lower hood's inclined retraction is opened in place.

[0128] In the initial closed state, the first travel switch 126, the third travel switch 115, the fifth travel switch 224, and the seventh travel switch 213 are triggered, while the second travel switch 127, the fourth travel switch 116, the sixth travel switch 225, and the eighth travel switch 214 are not triggered.

[0129] The overall automatic opening process includes: the upper hood's flat retraction and flipping movement, the upper hood's inclined retraction movement, the lower hood's flipping movement, and the lower hood's inclined retraction movement.

[0130] Step 1: The upper hood flipping assembly 12 operates, driving the upper hood 121 to move horizontally to the left through the third connecting rod 12246. At this time, the third travel switch 115, the fifth travel switch 224, and the seventh travel switch 213 are triggered, while the first travel switch 126, the second travel switch 127, the fourth travel switch 116, the sixth travel switch 225, and the eighth travel switch 214 are not triggered. When the first sliding plate 12242 touches the first limit block 12247, it stops. At this time, the upper hood flipping assembly 12 continues to operate, the second sliding plate 12243 continues to move to the left, and the third connecting rod 12246 drives the upper hood 121 to rotate upward until the second travel switch 127 is triggered. At this time, the upper hood flipping assembly 12 stops operating, completing the flat retraction and flipping action of the upper hood.

[0131] Step 2: After the second travel switch 127 is triggered, the upper hood moving assembly 11 operates, driving the upper hood flipping assembly 12 to perform an inclined retraction movement along the first lead screw 1112. The state of the travel switches at this time is that the second travel switch 127, the fifth travel switch 224, and the seventh travel switch 213 are triggered, while the first travel switch 126, the third travel switch 115, the fourth travel switch 116, the sixth travel switch 225, and the eighth travel switch 214 are not triggered. When the upper hood flipping assembly 12 moves to trigger the fourth travel switch 116, the upper hood moving assembly 11 stops operating, completing the inclined retraction action of the upper hood.

[0132] Step 3: After the fourth travel switch 116 is triggered, the lower hood flipping assembly 22 operates, causing the fourth connecting rod 2222 and the fifth connecting rod 2223 to start rotating, driving the lower hood 221 to perform a downward flipping action. The state of the travel switches at this time is that the second travel switch 127, the fourth travel switch 116, and the seventh travel switch 213 are triggered, while the first travel switch 126, the third travel switch 115, the fifth travel switch 224, the sixth travel switch 225, and the eighth travel switch 214 are not triggered. When the sixth travel switch 225 is triggered, the lower hood flipping assembly 22 stops operating, completing the flipping process of the lower hood.

[0133] Step 4: After the sixth travel switch 225 is triggered, the lower hood moving assembly 21 operates, driving the lower hood flipping assembly 22 to perform an inclined retraction movement along the second lead screw 2112. The state of the travel switches at this time is that the second travel switch 127, the fourth travel switch 116, and the sixth travel switch 225 are triggered, while the first travel switch 126, the third travel switch 115, the fifth travel switch 224, the seventh travel switch 213, and the eighth travel switch 214 are not triggered. When the lower hood flipping assembly 22 moves to trigger the eighth travel switch 214, the lower hood moving assembly 21 stops operating, completing the inclined retraction process of the lower hood. At this time, the opening of the upper and lower hoods is completed.

[0134] Step 5: When it is necessary to close, do the opposite. First, perform the oblique retreat and flip of the lower hood, and then perform the oblique retreat, flip, and horizontal retreat of the upper hood.

[0135] The manual and automatic processes are similar; manual opening and closing is used when there is a power supply failure on the train and it is necessary to open or close the upper and lower hoods, that is, manual opening and closing operations are performed manually. The key to achieving manual operation is the clutch. Each motor is equipped with a worm and worm gear reducer and a clutch.

[0136] Principle of operation of the clutch: During normal electric operation, three gears are meshed together and installed in the clutch box. The motor drives the reducer, and the shaft gear on the reducer drives the other two gears for transmission. When the train loses power, the motor and the reducer are locked by the brake. At this time, in order to be able to open and close the upper and lower covers normally, it is necessary to use the clutch for manual operation.

[0137] First, manually open the upper hood: Manually pull the clutch gear shaft of the first clutch 12213, drive the upper gear to disengage from the other two gears, unlock the motor, manually pull the first link 1222 and the second link 1223, and unlock the 180° dead point; complete the unlocking of the double locking. Then, push outside the upper hood 121, and the upper hood 121 retreats horizontally. After the horizontal retreat is in place, the first sliding plate 12242 reaches the limit. Use your hand to hold the edge of the upper hood 121 and exert force obliquely upward to achieve the flipping action of the upper hood 121. When the flipping is in place, the first lock seat 124 and the first lock 125 give a locking feedback. At this time, return the first clutch 12213 to its original position, that is, reset the clutch gear shaft of the first clutch 12213, lock the motor, and the worm and worm gear are self-locking. Manually pull the clutch gear shaft of the third clutch 11113 to unlock. Push obliquely upward. When the oblique retreat is in place, the second lock seat 113 and the second lock 114 give a locking feedback. At this time, return the third clutch 11113 to its original position, that is, reset the clutch gear shaft of the third clutch 11113, lock the motor, and the worm and worm gear are self-locking.

[0138] Secondly, manually open the lower hood: Manually pull the clutch gear shaft of the second clutch 22213, drive the upper gear to disengage from the other two gears, and unlock the motor. Pull the fourth link 2222 and the fifth link 2223, and unlock the 180° dead point; complete the unlocking of the double locking. Push outside the lower hood 221, and the lower hood 221 performs a flipping action. When the flipping is in place, return the second clutch 22213 to its original position at this time, that is, reset the clutch gear shaft of the second clutch 22213, lock the motor, and the worm and worm gear are self-locked, double locking. Manually pull the clutch gear shaft of the second clutch 22213, drive the upper gear to disengage from the other two gears, and unlock the motor. Push obliquely downward. When the oblique retreat is in place, return the clutch to its original position at this time, that is, reset the clutch gear shaft of the clutch, lock the motor, and the worm and worm gear are self-locked, double locking.

[0139] Manual closing of the upper and lower hoods: Refer to the electric closing sequence and the manual opening method.

[0140] In a specific embodiment, taking the upper hood device 1 as an example, both the upper hood moving assembly 11 and the upper hood flipping assembly 12 in the upper hood device 1 are provided in two groups, forming a left-right symmetric layout. The symmetric two sides are defined as the first side and the second side.

[0141] Both the first side and the second side are powered, equivalent to a bilateral symmetric drive mechanism. In addition, it can also be a unilateral drive, equivalent to using a guide rail slider as the driven side on the other side. The overall movement process of the mechanism is the same as that of the bilateral drive process, and it should also belong to the scope of description of this application.

[0142] In a specific embodiment, taking the bilateral symmetric drive mechanism as an example, for the upper hood device 1, there are a first drive member 12211 and a third drive member 11111 on the first side, and there are also a first drive member 12211 and a third drive member 11111 on the second side. The first drive member 12211 on the first side and the first drive member 12211 on the second side are connected to the first driver, and the third drive member 11111 on the first side and the third drive member 11111 on the second side are connected to the second driver.

[0143] For the lower hood device 2, there are a second drive component 2221 and a fourth drive member 21111 on the first side, and there are also a second drive component 2221 and a fourth drive member 21111 on the second side. The second drive component 2221 on the first side and the second drive component 2221 on the second side are connected to the third driver, and the fourth drive member 21111 on the first side and the fourth drive member 21111 on the second side are connected to the fourth driver.

[0144] The drive members all adopt motors, and the selected motors are equipped with encoders to enable position feedback of the motor movement. The driver collects the motor position information and feeds it back to the PLC module. The selected PLC module has a linear interpolation function, which can ensure the synchronous movement of the motors on the symmetric sides. The train network acts as the host computer and can directly send signals for opening and closing the hood to the driver controller. After receiving the train network signal, the driver controller performs corresponding actions.

[0145] The selected driver uses one-to-two. A single driver can directly control two motors at the symmetric positions of the hood. The driver uses the EnterCat protocol. After receiving the action signal from the driver controller, it can simultaneously send signals to the motors on the symmetric sides and drive the two motors to act simultaneously to ensure the consistency of the initial actions.

[0146] The selected drive controller has a linear interpolation module. The motor encoder information collected by the drive is fed back to the drive controller. Through linear interpolation, the drive controller can adjust the movement speeds of the two motors in real time, thereby ensuring the synchronization of the movement positions of the two motors and ensuring smooth operation without jamming during the opening and closing process of the hood.

[0147] The Canopen protocol is adopted between the train network and the drive controller, which can monitor the status of the motor and the drive in real time and collect the fault information of the motor and the drive.

[0148] Please refer to Figure 8 , Figure 8 which is a schematic diagram of the clutch provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0149] In some embodiments, the first clutch 12213, the second clutch 22213, the third clutch 11113, and the fourth clutch 21113 are all provided with an input gear shaft 31, an output gear shaft 32, and a clutch gear shaft 33. The clutch gear shaft 33 is located between the input gear shaft 31 and the output gear shaft 32. By changing the position of the clutch gear shaft 33, the coupling and decoupling between the input gear shaft 31 and the output gear shaft 32 are realized.

[0150] In this embodiment, the first clutch 12213, the second clutch 22213, the third clutch 11113, and the fourth clutch 21113 all adopt a unique gear shaft structure to achieve precise power transmission and control. Each clutch is provided with an input gear shaft 31, an output gear shaft 32, and a clutch gear shaft 33. The clutch gear shaft 33 is located between the input gear shaft 31 and the output gear shaft 32. By changing the position of the clutch gear shaft 33, the coupling and decoupling between the input gear shaft 31 and the output gear shaft 32 can be realized.

[0151] Specifically, when the clutch gear shaft 33 meshes with the input gear shaft 31 and the output gear shaft 32, the power of the input gear shaft 31 can be transmitted to the output gear shaft 32 through the clutch gear shaft 33, thereby realizing the transmission of the driving force or the transmission of the self-locking force of the driving part. At this time, the clutch is in the coupled state. On the contrary, when the clutch gear shaft 33 is separated from the input gear shaft 31 and the output gear shaft 32, the power transmission is cut off or the transmission chain is unlocked, and the clutch is in the decoupled state. This design enables the clutch to quickly switch the power transmission state when needed, improving the flexibility and reliability of the system.

[0152] The position of the clutch gear shaft 33 can be changed by manual pulling. For example, when decoupling is required, the operator can pull the clutch gear shaft 33 to separate it from the input gear shaft 31 and the output gear shaft 32; when coupling is required, the clutch gear shaft 33 can be released to re-engage it with the input gear shaft 31 and the output gear shaft 32. To improve the convenience and reliability of operation, a spring can also be sleeved on the clutch gear shaft 33. The function of the spring is to automatically reset the clutch gear shaft 33 to the engaged state when it is released, thereby realizing the automatic coupling function.

[0153] In addition to the input gear shaft 31, the output gear shaft 32, and the clutch gear shaft 33, the clutch can also include a housing and a base. The housing and the base are used to install and fix the above-mentioned gear shafts to ensure the structural stability and operation reliability of the clutch. This design not only improves the overall performance of the clutch but also facilitates the maintenance and replacement of components.

[0154] In some cases, the reducer adopts a worm and worm gear reducer, and the lead screw adopts a ball screw. The reducer can also adopt a harmonic reducer. The harmonic reducer can achieve a large reduction ratio in a smaller space, can provide a larger torque, and at the same time, the backlash of the harmonic reducer is smaller, and the overall movement clearance of the mechanism is smaller.

[0155] In some cases, the third drive component 1111 and the fourth drive component 2111 can remove the reducer to reduce the occupied space.

[0156] In some embodiments, both the first latch seat 124 and the second latch seat 113 are provided with a base, a latch seat, and an elastic member. The latch seat is movably connected to the base, and the elastic member is disposed between the base and the latch seat. Both the first latch 125 and the second latch 114 are provided with a latch head, and the latch head cooperates with the latch seat.

[0157] In this embodiment, both the first latch seat 124 and the second latch seat 113 adopt a structural design including a base, a latch seat, and an elastic member. The latch seat is movably connected to the base, and the elastic member is disposed between the base and the latch seat. This design enables the latch seat to move to a certain extent within the base, while the elastic member provides the necessary elastic support. Both the first latch 125 and the second latch 114 are provided with a latch head, and a tight fit can be achieved between the latch head and the latch seat.

[0158] Specifically, the elastic member can be springs symmetrically distributed on both sides of the latch seat. This symmetric distribution design not only ensures the stability of the latch seat during movement but also enables the latch seat to be evenly subjected to the elastic force of the springs when subjected to an external force. The movable connection between the latch seat and the base can be a rotational connection, and this connection method enables the latch seat to rotate within the base by a certain angle, thereby better adapting to the insertion and extraction movements of the latch head.

[0159] Due to the adoption of a spring structure, the lock head and the lock seat exhibit unique mechanical properties when they cooperate. When the lock head enters the lock seat, it is mainly affected by the elastic force of the spring. This elastic force enables the lock head to enter the lock seat relatively easily and complete the locking action. However, when the lock head is pulled out of the lock seat, it is necessary to overcome not only the elastic force of the spring but also the frictional force between the lock head and the lock seat. This design makes it relatively easy for the lock head to enter the lock seat, while it is relatively difficult to pull it out of the lock seat, thus forming a locking method that is easy to enter and relatively difficult to come out. This locking method not only improves the reliability of locking but also enhances the security of the system, preventing the accidental separation of the lock head and the lock seat due to accidental external forces.

[0160] In some cases, the third mounting structure 112 and the fourth mounting structure 212 can select side plates fixed by aluminum profiles. The third mounting structure 112 and the fourth mounting structure 212 can also adopt a sheet metal structure, be connected to the fixed cover of the vehicle head, and use the method of staggering planes to fix the lead screw part of the opening and closing mechanism, which can more conveniently arrange the position of the mechanism and prevent occupying the coupler space.

[0161] In some embodiments, the opening and closing system further includes a backup power source, which is electrically connected to the electrical parts in the upper hood device 1 and the lower hood device 2. The backup power source can adopt a 24V power source. If an accidental power failure occurs and the head hood needs to be opened and closed to replace the train power supply, the opening and closing action can be carried out as normal. If an accidental power failure occurs and the motor is damaged and cannot move through the backup power source, the clutch gear shaft 33 of the clutch can be pulled by a steel wire rope to unlock the transmission chain, and the head hood can be manually pushed and pulled to achieve the opening and closing action.

[0162] This application also provides a vehicle head, including the above-mentioned opening and closing system.

[0163] In this embodiment, the opening and closing system can realize the opening and closing actions of the upper and lower split-seam head hoods, specifically including the flat retraction, flipping, and inclined retraction actions of the upper head hood 121 and the flipping and inclined retraction actions of the lower head hood 221. Through the combination of these actions, the opening and closing system can meet the operation requirements of the vehicle head under different working conditions.

[0164] The opening and closing mechanism at the front end of the vehicle head has the functions of automatic opening, closing, and locking. In the normal working state, this mechanism can automatically complete the opening and closing actions and maintain the locked state through mechanical locking. This design ensures that even in the case of losing the power source, the opening and closing mechanism can still remain in the locked state, thus effectively preventing potential safety hazards caused by accidental unlocking.

[0165] In addition, the opening and closing mechanism also has the function of manual opening and closing in an emergency state. In special cases, such as power system failures or the need for emergency rescue, the operator can manually operate to open and close the opening and closing mechanism. This function provides guarantee for the emergency handling of the locomotive head in extreme situations, ensuring that even when the automatic system fails to work properly, necessary operations can be completed through manual intervention, thus guaranteeing the safe operation of the locomotive head and the smooth progress of the rescue work.

[0166] This application also provides a rail vehicle, including the above-mentioned locomotive head.

[0167] This rail vehicle should have all the beneficial technical effects of the above-mentioned locomotive head, which will not be elaborated one by one here.

[0168] It should be noted that many components mentioned in this application are common standard components or components known to those skilled in the art, and their structures and principles can be learned by those skilled in the art through technical manuals or obtained through conventional experimental methods.

[0169] It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities.

[0170] The above has introduced the opening and closing system, locomotive head and rail vehicle provided by this application in detail. Specific examples are used in this article to elaborate on the principle and implementation manner of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only used to help understand the method and its core idea of this application. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art in this technical field, without departing from the principle of this application, several improvements and modifications can still be made to this application, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. An opening and closing system, characterized in that: include: An upper head cover device comprises an upper head cover moving assembly and an upper head cover flipping assembly arranged on the upper head cover moving assembly, wherein the upper head cover moving assembly is used to drive the upper head cover flipping assembly to retract, and the upper head cover flipping assembly comprises an upper head cover and a first driving mechanism connected to the upper head cover, wherein the first driving mechanism is used to drive the upper head cover to flip; The lower head cover device includes a lower head cover moving assembly and a lower head cover flipping assembly arranged on the lower head cover moving assembly, the lower head cover moving assembly is used to drive the lower head cover flipping assembly to retract, the lower head cover flipping assembly includes a lower head cover and a second driving mechanism connected to the lower head cover, the second driving mechanism is used to drive the lower head cover to flip, and the flipping direction of the lower head cover is opposite to that of the upper head cover.

2. The opening and closing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism comprises a first driving component, the output end of the first driving component is connected to the second connecting rod, the second connecting rod is hinged to the first connecting rod, and the first connecting rod is connected to the upper head cover through a transmission component; Before the upper head cover is turned over, the second connecting rod can be rotated to a first position parallel to the first connecting rod, and the extension direction of the second connecting rod and the first connecting rod is parallel to the direction of the external force applied to the upper head cover; and / or, After the upper head cover is flipped, the second connecting rod can rotate to a second position parallel to the first connecting rod, and the extending direction of the second connecting rod and the first connecting rod is parallel to the direction of the external force applied to the upper head cover.

3. The opening and closing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission component includes a slide rail, on which a first sliding plate and a second sliding plate are provided, the first sliding plate is hinged to a first connecting member, the first connecting member is connected to the upper head cover, the second sliding plate is connected to a support plate, the support plate is hinged to the first connecting rod, the support plate is also hinged to a third connecting rod, and the third connecting rod is hinged to the first connecting member.

4. The opening and closing system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The transmission component also includes a first limit block, which is located on the movement path of the first sliding plate. Before the first sliding plate contacts the first limit block, the upper head cover is driven by the third connecting rod to retreat along the sliding rail. After the first sliding plate contacts the first limit block, the upper head cover is driven by the third connecting rod to flip over at the hinge point between the first connecting member and the first sliding plate.

5. The opening and closing system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The upper head cover flipping assembly includes a first mounting structure, on which the first driving component, the slide rail, the first limit block and the first locking seat are provided, and the first locking catch is provided on the second sliding plate. When the upper head cover completes retreat and flipping, the first locking catch engages with the first locking catch seat.

6. The opening and closing system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first driving mechanism includes a second limit block and a third limit block, the second limit block is used to limit the second connecting rod from moving around the first direction at the first position, and the third limit block is used to limit the second connecting rod from moving around the second direction at the second position, and the angle between the second limit block and the third limit block is 180°.

7. The opening and closing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second driving mechanism includes a second driving component, the output end of the second driving component is connected to the fourth connecting rod, the fourth connecting rod is hinged to the fifth connecting rod, the fifth connecting rod is hinged to the second connecting member, and the second connecting member is connected to the lower head cover; the lower head cover flip assembly includes a second mounting structure, the second driving component is arranged on the second mounting structure, and the second connecting member is rotatably connected to the second mounting structure; Before the lower head cover is turned over, the fourth connecting rod can be rotated to a third position parallel to the fifth connecting rod, and the extending directions of the fourth connecting rod and the fifth connecting rod are parallel to the direction of the external force applied to the lower head cover.

8. The opening and closing system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The second driving mechanism includes a fourth limit block, and the fourth limit block is used to limit the fourth connecting rod from moving around the first direction at the third position.

9. The opening and closing system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper head cover moving assembly includes a third driving mechanism and a third mounting structure, the third driving mechanism is arranged on the third mounting structure, the third driving mechanism includes a third driving component, the output end of the third driving component is connected to the first lead screw, the first lead screw is provided with a first nut, and the first nut is connected to the upper head cover flipping assembly; The lower head cover moving assembly includes a fourth driving mechanism and a fourth mounting structure, the fourth driving mechanism is arranged on the fourth mounting structure, the fourth driving mechanism includes a fourth driving component, the output end of the fourth driving component is connected to the second lead screw, the second lead screw is provided with a second nut, and the second nut is connected to the lower head cover flipping assembly.

10. The opening and closing system according to claim 9, characterized in that: The upper head cover moving assembly includes a second locking seat and a second locking catch, the second locking seat is arranged on the third mounting structure, and the second locking catch is arranged on the upper head cover flipping assembly. When the upper head cover flipping assembly completes the retraction, the second locking catch engages with the second locking seat.

11. A vehicle head, characterized in that: Comprising an opening and closing system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.

12. A rail vehicle, characterized in that: Comprising the vehicle head as claimed in claim 11.

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