Combined type heavy crane steel rail formed by recycling waste steel rail

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined type heavy crane steel rail formed by recycling waste steel rails. The combined type heavy crane steel rail comprises a crane rail base, a first steel rail tread high-alloy working layer and a second steel rail tread high-alloy working layer. The first steel rail tread high-alloy working layers are installed at the two ends of the crane rail base through the elastic connecting pieces and the elastic cylindrical pins, and the second steel rail tread high-alloy working layer is arranged between the first steel rail tread high-alloy working layers and installed on the crane rail base. Compared with the prior art, the outer sides of the two ends of the steel rail base are flexibly connected with the tread working layer, so that adjustment of an expansion joint between the tread working layer and the crane rail base is achieved, and replacement and disassembly of the tread working layer are facilitated; and the working layers of the steel rail tread are connected by adopting 60-degree inclined planes, and a certain expansion joint is reserved on the outer side, so that mounting and dismounting are convenient, and rigid impact is relieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of crane rails, and particularly relates to a combined heavy-duty crane rail for recycling waste rails. Background Art

[0002] During the long-term use of a crane, the contact stress in the contact area between the rail tread and the wheel tread is relatively large, resulting in rolling friction wear. The impact and sliding friction wear between the wheel flange and the rail side may cause wear on the rail side. When the wear depth of the rail reaches or exceeds 10% of the rail head size, it must be replaced immediately to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the crane and prevent failures and safety accidents caused by excessive rail wear.

[0003] Light railway rails (GB / T 11264-1989), 9 kg / m - 30 kg / m, with the rail head height ranging from 16 mm to 30 mm, are often used for the trolleys of medium and small cranes. For heavy-duty crane rails, crane rails (YB / T 5055-1993) QU70-QU120 are often used for large machinery, with the rail head height ranging from 32.5 mm to 45 mm. Therefore, for crane rails that reach the scrapping condition, only a small part of the rail head is worn, and the part of the crane rail with intact functions remains more than 90%. The direct scrapping of these worn-out rails increases the maintenance cost of the crane. In addition, the length of general crane rails reaches more than 9 m. For local uneven wear or local problems of the rails, the entire rail has to be replaced. The disassembly, hoisting, and installation of such extra-long special parts as rails will cause a large amount of consumption of manpower and material resources.

[0004] Therefore, the hardness and wear resistance of the working layer of the crane rail determine the service life and replacement cycle of the rail. Moreover, the hardness matching between the crane wheel and the rail also has a great influence on rail wear. The wear of the rail will not only affect the running stability of the crane but may also cause faults such as rail biting and deviation of the crane. In addition, the over-worn rail will reduce the load-bearing capacity of the crane and increase the maintenance cost of the equipment. Therefore, timely replacement of severely worn rails is of great significance for maintaining the good performance of the crane and extending the service life of the equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a combined heavy-duty crane rail for the reuse of waste rails. That is, the working layer of the tread of the crane rail is separately forged and heat-treated with the material of discarded Cr2 and Cr3 support rolls from the steel mill, so as to realize the hardness regulation of the rail, make its hardness slightly lower than that of the wheel, and process the discarded crane rail into a specific shape and then assemble the working layer of the rail tread together to obtain a combined crane rail. In this way, not only can the wear resistance of the working layer of the rail tread be improved, but also the wear of the wheel can be reduced by controlling the hardness of the rail. When a certain part of the working layer of the rail tread wears to the limit, the local working layer can be quickly replaced online without disassembling and hoisting the rail. Therefore, only a small amount of manpower is required and the downtime is effectively reduced, which can greatly improve the maintenance efficiency of the rail and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0006] At the same time, this patent also designs a buffer automatic lubrication polyurethane strip, and lubricating oil is filled through a direct injection oil cup. When the wheel and the track move axially along the wheel, the polyurethane buffer strip contacts the wheel flange, and after being extruded, the lubricating oil sprays out through the slit to perform fixed-point lubrication on the side of the rail and the wheel flange (the wheel tread and the track tread cannot be lubricated, otherwise the wheel will slip on the track). It can effectively reduce the sliding friction coefficient between the wheel flange and the side of the crane track, and has an obvious effect on alleviating the severe dry sliding friction and wear between the flange and the side of the rail.

[0007] This new combined rail is completely processed and manufactured with waste materials from iron and steel enterprises, without purchasing new wheels, realizing the recycling of materials and green manufacturing, and can reduce costs and increase efficiency for enterprises. In addition, the assembly and disassembly of this combined wheel are simple, fast and efficient, which can greatly reduce the working hours for wheel replacement and downtime, and greatly reduce the maintenance and repair costs of the crane.

[0008] The technical solution to realize the present invention is: a combined heavy-duty crane rail for the reuse of waste rails, including a crane track base, a first high-alloy working layer of the rail tread, and a second high-alloy working layer of the rail tread; the first high-alloy working layer of the rail tread is installed at both ends of the crane track base through elastic connectors and elastic cylindrical pins, and the second high-alloy working layer of the rail tread is arranged between the first high-alloy working layers of the rail tread and is installed on the crane track base.

[0009] Furthermore, the bottom of the first high-alloy working layer of the rail tread is in sliding groove fit with the top of the crane track base and is connected through an elastic cylindrical pin for realizing the installation and guiding between the two.

[0010] Further, the elastic connecting member includes: a screw, an internally threaded spring bracket, a cylindrical helical compression spring, and a hole-type snap ring; the cylindrical helical compression spring is installed in the counterbores on both sides of the high-alloy working layer of the first rail tread, and one end is fixed to the bottom surface of the counterbore, and the other end is fixedly connected to the internally threaded spring bracket; the hole-type snap ring is fixed at the opening of the counterbore on both sides of the high-alloy working layer of the first rail tread, and is located on the side of the internally threaded spring bracket away from the cylindrical helical compression spring; the screw passes through the threaded holes at the outer ends on both sides of the crane rail base, the through holes of the hole-type snap ring, and finally cooperates with the internally threaded hole of the internally threaded spring bracket.

[0011] Further, multiple groups of the high-alloy working layer of the second rail tread are provided according to the length of the track.

[0012] Further, each group of the high-alloy working layer of the second rail tread and the crane rail base are fixed by internally threaded taper pins and elastic cylindrical pins.

[0013] Further, the pin holes of the crane rail base are machined into an oval shape to provide a moving space for the high-alloy working layer of the second rail tread on the crane rail base along the rail direction, thereby reducing rigid impact.

[0014] Further, a gap is left at the bottom of the connection between the high-alloy working layer of the second rail tread, the high-alloy working layer of the first rail tread and the crane rail base (1) for adding grease.

[0015] Further, between the high-alloy working layer of the first rail tread and the high-alloy working layer of the second rail tread, and between adjacent high-alloy working layers of the second rail tread, 60° inclined surfaces are used for connection, and a telescopic joint is left on the outside for relieving rigid impact.

[0016] Further, the crane rail further includes a buffer and automatic lubrication and antifriction strip and a straight-through grease cup; longitudinal slots and grease injection holes are machined on both sides of the crane rail base; the buffer and automatic lubrication and antifriction strip is installed in the longitudinal slot, and the straight-through grease cup is installed in the grease injection hole; the buffer and automatic lubrication and antifriction strip is used for lubricating the side of the rail and the wheel flange part; the straight-through grease cup is used for injecting lubricating oil into the automatic lubrication and antifriction strip.

[0017] Further, an oil storage cavity is left in the middle of the buffer and automatic lubrication and antifriction strip, and oil outlet slits are provided on the side wall of the buffer and automatic lubrication and antifriction strip.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the remarkable advantages of the present invention are:

[0019] 1. The rail bases and the working layers of the rail treads (the first high-alloy working layer of the rail tread and the second high-alloy working layer of the rail tread) of large casting cranes are all processed from waste rails and waste supporting rolls (Cr2 and Cr3 forged supporting rolls) of iron and steel enterprises, belonging to green manufacturing and remanufacturing. This can revitalize the enterprise's fixed assets, reduce the maintenance costs of the crane for the enterprise, and achieve cost reduction and efficiency improvement for the enterprise.

[0020] 2. The present invention uses the first high-alloy working layer of the rail tread arranged at the end and multiple groups of the second high-alloy working layer of the rail tread. Furthermore, the working layer of the rail tread of each combined rail of the large casting crane is divided into several small components with a length of 500 - 600 mm for installation. As a result, it is very convenient to replace the local working layer of the rail tread. Only one operator can achieve rapid on-line replacement, greatly improving the maintenance efficiency and effectively reducing the maintenance investment.

[0021] 3. The crane rail base of the present invention is processed with longitudinal slots and oil injection holes, and a buffer automatic lubrication polyurethane strip (with an oil storage cavity in the middle) is installed, and lubricating oil is filled through a direct injection oil cup. When the wheel and the track move axially along the wheel, the polyurethane buffer strip contacts the wheel flange. After being squeezed, the lubricating oil sprays out through the slit to perform fixed-point lubrication on the side of the rail and the wheel flange (the wheel tread and the rail tread cannot be lubricated, otherwise the wheel will slip on the track). It can effectively reduce the sliding friction coefficient between the wheel flange and the side of the crane track, and has an obvious effect on alleviating the severe dry sliding friction and wear between the flange and the side of the rail.

[0022] 4. The outer sides at both ends of the rail base are flexibly connected to the working layer of the rail tread (the first high-alloy working layer 4 of the rail tread and the second high-alloy working layer 8 of the rail tread) to realize the adjustment of the expansion joint between the working layer of the rail tread and the crane rail base, facilitating the replacement and disassembly of the working layer of the rail tread; and the working layers of the rail tread are connected by a 60° inclined plane, with a certain expansion joint left on the outside, which is convenient for installation and disassembly and can relieve the rigid impact. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 is the two-dimensional top view of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 is the partial cross-sectional view of the A - A two-dimensional main view of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 is the partial enlarged view of the A - A two-dimensional cross-sectional view;

[0027] Figure 5 is the B - B two-dimensional cross-sectional view;

[0028] Figure 6 It is a partially enlarged view of the two-dimensional main view of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the crane rail base;

[0030] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the high-alloy working layer of the first rail tread (outer fixed end);

[0031] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the high-alloy working layer of the second rail tread (middle);

[0032] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the buffer and automatic lubrication antifriction strip (polyurethane);

[0033] Figure 11 It is a schematic diagram of the straight-through grease cup GB1152-89;

[0034] Figure 12 It is a schematic diagram of the internal thread taper pin GB / T118-2000;

[0035] Figure 13 It is a schematic diagram of the internal hexagon socket head cap screw GB / T70.1-2008;

[0036] Reference numerals:

[0037] Crane rail base 1, cylindrical helical compression spring 2, internal hexagon socket head cap screw 3, high-alloy working layer of the first rail tread (outer fixed end) 4, hole retaining ring 5, internal thread spring bracket 6, spring pin 7, high-alloy working layer of the second rail tread (middle) 8, buffer and automatic lubrication antifriction strip (polyurethane) 9, lubricating oil 10, lubricating grease 11, internal thread taper pin 12, straight-through grease cup 13. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The following further introduces the present invention in conjunction with the attached Figures 1-13 drawings and specific embodiments.

[0039] The present invention is a combined heavy-duty crane rail for recycling waste rails. It can realize processing the scrapped crane rails into a specific shape and then assembling the working layers of the rail treads together to obtain a combined crane rail, which can improve the wear resistance of the working layer of the rail tread, and can reduce the wear of the wheels by controlling the hardness of the rail. Only a small amount of manpower input is required and the downtime is effectively reduced, which can greatly improve the maintenance efficiency of the rail and reduce the maintenance cost.

[0040] A combined heavy-duty crane rail for the reuse of waste rails, comprising a crane rail base 1, a first high-alloy working layer of the rail tread (outer fixed end) 4, a second high-alloy working layer of the rail tread (middle) 8, a buffer and automatic lubrication and antifriction strip (polyurethane) 9, a straight-through grease cup 13, and other general parts.

[0041] The first high-alloy working layer 4 of the rail tread is connected to the crane rail base 1 through elastic connectors and elastic cylindrical pins 7.

[0042] At the middle position of the bottom of the first high-alloy working layer 4 of the rail tread, there is a trapezoidal protrusion, and at the middle position of the top of the crane rail base 1, there is a trapezoidal depression. The trapezoidal protrusion and the trapezoidal depression cooperate to be used for the cooperation and guidance between the first high-alloy working layer 4 of the rail tread and the crane rail base 1.

[0043] The trapezoidal protrusion of the first high-alloy working layer 4 of the rail tread is connected to the trapezoidal depression at the top of the crane rail base 1 through an elastic cylindrical pin 7.

[0044] Among them, the elastic cylindrical pin 7 is a straight-groove heavy-duty elastic cylindrical pin. Under a relatively small pressure, the elastic cylindrical pin 7 can produce a large elastic deformation and is suitable for occasions requiring elastic connection; and the straight-groove heavy-duty elastic cylindrical pin has a high load-bearing capacity and good anti-shear performance and is suitable for working conditions with high loads and high speeds.

[0045] The elastic connectors include: a cylindrical helical compression spring 2, an internal hexagonal socket head screw 3, a hole-type elastic retaining ring 5, and an internal-thread spring bracket 6.

[0046] The cylindrical helical compression spring 2 is installed in the counterbored holes on both sides of the first high-alloy working layer 4 of the rail tread, and one end is fixed to the bottom surface of the counterbored hole, and the other end is fixedly connected to the internal-thread spring bracket 6. The hole-type elastic retaining ring 5 is fixed at the opening of the counterbored holes on both sides of the first high-alloy working layer 4 of the rail tread and is located on the side of the internal-thread spring bracket 6 away from the cylindrical helical compression spring 2. The internal hexagonal socket head screw 3 passes through the threaded holes at the outer ends on both sides of the crane rail base 1, the through holes of the hole-type elastic retaining ring 5, and finally cooperates with the internal-threaded hole of the internal-thread spring bracket 6.

[0047] During installation, when the first high-alloy working layer 4 of the rail tread is connected to the crane rail base 1 through the elastic cylindrical pin 7, the internal hexagonal socket head screws 3 are respectively cooperated with the crane rail base 1 and the internal-thread spring bracket 6. Then, the internal-thread spring bracket 6 compresses the cylindrical helical compression spring 2, and the cylindrical helical compression spring 2 generates a reverse force on the internal hexagonal socket head screw 3. Then, the internal hexagonal socket head screw 3 generates a force on the crane rail base 1, generating a force for the first high-alloy working layer 4 of the rail tread and the crane rail base 1 to move away from each other, thereby realizing a micro-adjustment of the expansion joint between the two, and thereby reducing the impact force.

[0048] In addition, when disassembling and assembling the high-alloy working layer 4 of the first rail tread and the crane rail base 1, the hexagon socket head cap screw 3 is screwed out, and the high-alloy working layer 4 of the first rail tread is pulled outward, which facilitates the replacement and disassembly of the working layer.

[0049] Multiple groups of the high-alloy working layer 8 of the second rail tread are provided according to the length of the track. Each group of the high-alloy working layer 8 of the second rail tread is connected to the crane rail base 1 through the internal-threaded taper pins 12 on both sides and the spring pins 7 at the bottom.

[0050] Among them, the middle position at the bottom of the high-alloy working layer 8 of the second rail tread is a trapezoidal protrusion, which is matched with the trapezoidal depression at the middle position of the top of the crane rail base 1 for the cooperation and guiding of the high-alloy working layer 8 of the second rail tread and the crane rail base 1.

[0051] The trapezoidal protrusion of the high-alloy working layer 8 of the second rail tread is connected to the trapezoidal depression at the top of the crane rail base 1 through the spring pin 7.

[0052] The pin holes on both sides of the crane rail base 1 are machined into ellipses, which can allow the high-alloy working layer 8 of the second rail tread to have a certain movement along the rail direction on the crane rail base 1, effectively avoiding rigid impact.

[0053] A certain gap is left at the bottom of the connection between the high-alloy working layer 8 of the second rail tread, the high-alloy working layer 4 of the first rail tread and the crane rail base 1 for adding the lubricating grease 11, which can reduce the friction coefficient between the two.

[0054] Longitudinal slots and oil injection holes are machined on both sides of the crane rail base 1. The longitudinal slots are used to install the buffer and automatic lubrication and anti-friction strip (made of polyurethane) 9. There is an oil storage cavity in the middle of the buffer and automatic lubrication and anti-friction strip 9, and oil outlet slits are arranged on the side wall of the buffer and automatic lubrication and anti-friction strip; when the wheel and the track move axially along the wheel, the buffer and automatic lubrication and anti-friction strip 9 first comes into contact with the wheel flange, and after being squeezed, the lubricating oil sprays out through the oil outlet slits to perform fixed-point lubrication on the side of the rail and the wheel flange part.

[0055] The straight-through grease cups 13 are installed in the oil injection holes below the slots, 6 on each side. The straight-through grease cups 13 are connected to the oil outlet cavity in the middle of the buffer and automatic lubrication and anti-friction strip 9 for injecting lubricating oil into the buffer and automatic lubrication and anti-friction strip 9.

[0056] Such as Figure 2 and Figure 6As shown, a 60° inclined plane connection is adopted between the first high-alloy working layer 4 of the rail tread and the second high-alloy working layer 8 of the rail tread, and also between adjacent second high-alloy working layers 8 of the rail tread. A certain expansion joint is left on the outside, which is convenient for installation and disassembly, and can relieve the rigid impact to a certain extent.

[0057] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of this invention. This invention is not limited by the above embodiments. What is described in the above embodiments and the specification only illustrates the principles of this invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of this invention, this invention will have various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of this invention claimed. The scope of protection of this invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A combined heavy crane rail for recycling waste rails, characterized in that: The invention comprises a crane rail base (1), a first rail tread high-alloy working layer (4), and a second rail tread high-alloy working layer (8); the first rail tread high-alloy working layer (4) is installed at two ends of the crane rail base (1) via elastic connectors and elastic cylindrical pins, and the second rail tread high-alloy working layer (8) is arranged between the first rail tread high-alloy working layer (4) and installed on the crane rail base (1).

2. The combined heavy crane rail for recycling waste rails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the first rail tread high alloy working layer (4) and the top of the crane rail base (1) are matched with a slide groove and connected by an elastic cylindrical pin, so as to realize installation and guidance between the two.

3. The combined heavy crane rail for recycling waste rails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic connecting member comprises: a screw, an internally threaded spring bracket (6), a cylindrical helical compression spring (2), and a hole elastic retaining ring (5); the cylindrical helical compression spring (2) is installed in the countersunk holes on both sides of the high alloy working layer (4) of the first rail tread, and one end is fixed to the bottom surface of the countersunk hole, and the other end is fixedly connected to the internally threaded spring bracket (6); the hole elastic retaining ring (5) is fixed to the countersunk hole openings on both sides of the high alloy working layer (4) of the first rail tread, and is located on the side of the internally threaded spring bracket (6) away from the cylindrical helical compression spring (2); the screw passes through the outer end threaded holes on both sides of the crane rail base, the through hole of the hole elastic retaining ring (5), and finally matches with the internal threaded hole of the internally threaded spring bracket (6).

4. The combined heavy crane rail for recycling waste rails according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The second rail tread high alloy working layer (8) is arranged in multiple groups according to the length of the rail.

5. The combined heavy crane rail for recycling waste rails according to claim 3 is characterized in that: Each set of second rail tread high alloy working layers (8) is fixed to the crane rail base (1) via an internal threaded conical pin (12) and an elastic cylindrical pin (7).

6. The combined heavy crane rail for recycling waste rails according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The pin hole of the crane rail base (1) is processed into an elliptical shape, so as to provide a moving space for the second rail tread high alloy working layer (8) on the crane rail base (1) along the rail direction, thereby reducing rigid impact.

7. The combined heavy crane rail for recycling scrap rails according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap is left at the bottom of the connection between the second rail tread high alloy working layer (8), the first rail tread high alloy working layer (4) and the crane rail base (1) for adding lubricating grease (11).

8. The combined heavy crane rail for recycling waste rails according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first rail tread high alloy working layer (4) and the second rail tread high alloy working layer (8), and the adjacent second rail tread high alloy working layers (8) are connected by a 60° inclined surface, and expansion joints are left on the outside to alleviate rigid impact.

9. The combined heavy crane rail for recycling waste rails according to claim 1, characterized in that: The crane rail also includes a buffer and automatic lubrication and friction reduction strip and a straight-through pressure injection oil cup; longitudinal slots and oil injection holes are processed on both sides of the crane rail base (1); the buffer and automatic lubrication and friction reduction strip is installed in the longitudinal slot, and the straight-through pressure injection oil cup is installed in the oil injection hole; the buffer and automatic lubrication and friction reduction strip is used to lubricate the side of the rail and the wheel rim; the straight-through pressure injection oil cup is used to inject lubricating oil into the automatic lubrication and friction reduction strip.

10. The combined heavy crane rail for recycling waste rails according to claim 1, characterized in that: An oil storage cavity is reserved in the middle of the buffer and automatic lubrication and friction reduction strip, and an oil outlet slit is arranged on the side wall of the buffer and automatic lubrication and friction reduction strip.

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