Special fertilizer for full-artificial light cultivation of strawberries and use method of special fertilizer
By providing strawberries with special water-soluble fertilizer formulas for different growth stages, the problem of soil salt accumulation caused by excessive strawberry fertilizer investment in the entire artificial light plant factory is solved, and the goal of high yield and high quality of strawberries is achieved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510205172.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-02-24
- Publication Date
- 2025-07-01
AI Technical Summary
In all artificial light plant factories, strawberry planting requires continuous investment of a large amount of fertilizer, which leads to soil salt accumulation and secondary salinization, affecting strawberry yield and quality.
Provide a special fertilizer for fully artificial light-cultured strawberries, including six kinds of water-soluble fertilizers (A, B, C, D, E, F). Each water-soluble fertilizer is formulated according to the nutritional needs of different growth stages of strawberries, and is balanced fertilized at different growth stages through the mixture of liquids I, II, and III.
This special fertilizer can ensure the normal growth of strawberries at different growth stages under all artificial light conditions, improve the quality of strawberries, and solve the problem of shortage of integrated water and fertilizer formulas.
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Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of fertilizers, and particularly relates to a special fertilizer for cultivating strawberries under full artificial light and a method for using the same. Background Art
[0002] Strawberry ( Fragaria ananassa Duch) is a perennial herbaceous plant of the genus Fragaria in the Rosaceae family. It is loved by people for its bright color, sweet taste and rich nutritional value. As an important cash crop, strawberries are planted and sold globally. In full artificial light cultivation, strawberries generally go through three growth stages: seedling stage to flowering stage, green fruit stage to white fruit stage, and color-changing stage to maturity stage. Strawberry production usually mainly relies on greenhouse cultivation, and a large amount of fertilizers need to be continuously input throughout the growth period to meet the requirements of vegetative growth and reproductive growth. The input of a large amount of fertilizers will not only reduce the quality of strawberries and shorten the storage time of strawberries, but also cause soil salt accumulation, and continuous planting over the years will cause secondary salinization of the soil. Especially in some old strawberry production areas, the problem of secondary salinization of the soil is becoming increasingly prominent, which not only causes serious damage to the soil environment, but also has a huge impact on the yield and quality of strawberries, resulting in serious impacts on the income of strawberry growers. Therefore, selecting the appropriate fertilizer ratio, making the most of various nutrient elements in the fertilizer, and reasonably fertilizing according to different growth stages of strawberries are the key factors to improve the yield and quality of strawberries. Summary of the Invention
[0003] Existing strawberry fertilizers on the market need to be irrigated with a full-element nutrient solution in combination with an intelligent water and fertilizer integrated machine under the cultivation mode of a full artificial light plant factory; that is, they contain all the elements required by plants except C, H, O, and Cl. After being mixed by the water and fertilizer integrated machine, they are used for irrigation, and the effective cultivation time is up to 1 year. In view of the foregoing problems and the different requirements for nutrient elements at different growth stages of strawberry cultivation, the present invention provides a special fertilizer for cultivating strawberries under full artificial light. This special fertilizer can ensure the normal growth of strawberries at different growth stages under full artificial light conditions and also improve the quality of strawberries.
[0004] Specifically, in order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A special fertilizer for cultivating strawberries under full artificial light, comprising water-soluble fertilizer A, water-soluble fertilizer B, water-soluble fertilizer C, water-soluble fertilizer D, water-soluble fertilizer E and water-soluble fertilizer F; each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer A is composed of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, and EDTA-Fe in a mass ratio of (5.8~5.85):(7.1~7.3):1; each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer B is composed of KNO3, NH4H2PO4, (NH4)2HPO4, MgSO4·7H2O, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, EDTA-Mo in a mass ratio of (10.3~10.8):(51.4~51.8):(6.5~7.0):(24.5~24.8):(7.8~8.2):1:(0.75~0.8):(0.06~0.07):(0.024~0.028):(0.0072~0.0076); each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer C is composed of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-Fe in a mass ratio of (16.5~17.0):(2.0~2.2):(2.8~3.0):1; each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer D is composed of KNO3, K2SO4, KH2PO4, NH4H2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, EDTA-Mo in a mass ratio of (5.0~5.5):(34.5~35.0):(27.0~27.5):(22.5~23.5):(48~50):(23~25):1:(0.75~0.8):(0.06~0.07):(0.024~0.028):(0.0072~0.0076); each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer E is composed of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, EDTA-Fe in a mass ratio of (19.5~20.5):(1.2~1.3):1; each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer F is composed of K2SO4, KH2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, KNO3, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, EDTA-Mo in a mass ratio of (4.2~4.5):(74.5~75.0):(49.0~49.5):(31.0~31.5):1:(0.75~0.8):(0.06~0.07):(0.024~0.028):(0.0072~0.0076).
[0005] In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, and EDTA-Fe in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer A is 5.83:7.16:1.
[0006] In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of KNO3, NH4H2PO4, (NH4)2HPO4, MgSO4·7H2O, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, and EDTA-Mo in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer B is 38.5:51.6:6.8:24.6:8.0:1:0.77:0.066:0.026:0.0075.
[0007] In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, EDTA-Ca, and EDTA-Fe in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer C is 16.8:2.17:2.86:1.
[0008] In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of KNO3, K2SO4, KH2PO4, NH4H2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, and EDTA-Mo in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer D is 5.2:34.6:27.2:23.0:49.0:24.0:1:0.77:0.066:0.026:0.0075.
[0009] In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, and EDTA-Fe in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer E is 20.17:1.26:1.
[0010] In a preferred embodiment, the mass ratio of K2SO4, KH2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, KNO3, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, and EDTA-Mo in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer F is 4.4:74.8:49.2:31.4:1:0.77:0.066:0.026:0.0075.
[0011] The present invention also provides a method for using the special fertilizer for fully artificial light-cultivated strawberries described in any of the above embodiments, comprising the following steps: S1. Dissolve the water-soluble fertilizer A, the water-soluble fertilizer B, the water-soluble fertilizer C, the water-soluble fertilizer D, the water-soluble fertilizer E, and the water-soluble fertilizer F separately and fully in reverse osmosis water. Filter each solution to remove impurities, make up the volume, adjust the pH to acidic, and then store each solution separately. The concentration of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer A is 20.3 - 20.5 g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 24.9 - 25.6 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Fe is 3.5 g / L. The concentration of KNO3 in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer B is 5.2 - 5.4 g / L, the concentration of NH4H2PO4 is 25.7 - 25.9 g / L, the concentration of (NH4)2HPO4 is 3.3 - 3.5 g / L, the concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 12.3 - 12.4 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Ca is 3.9 - 4.1 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-B is 0.5 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Mn is 0.38 - 0.4 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Zn is 0.03 - 0.035 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Cu is 0.012 - 0.014 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Mo is 0.0036 - 0.0038 g / L. The concentration of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer C is 57.8 - 59.5 g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 7.0 - 7.7 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Ca is 9.8 - 10.5 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Fe is 3.5 g / L. The concentration of KNO3 in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer D is 2.5 - 2.8 g / L, the concentration of K2SO4 is 17.3 - 17.5 g / L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is 13.5 - 13.8 g / L, the concentration of NH4H2PO4 is 11.3 - 11.8 g / L, the concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 24.0 - 25.0 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Ca is 11.5 - 12.5 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-B is 0.5 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Mn is 0.38 - 0.4 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Zn is 0.03 - 0.035 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Cu is 0.012 - 0.014 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Mo is 0.0036 - 0.0038 g / L. The concentration of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer E is 68.3 - 71.8 g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 4.2 - 4.6 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Fe is 3.5 g / L. The concentration of K2SO4 in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer F is 2.1 - 2.3 g / L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is 37.3 - 37.5 g / L, the concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 24.5 - 24.8 g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 15.5 - 15.8 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-B is 0.5 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Mn is 0.38 - 0.4 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Zn is 0.03 - 0.035 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Cu is 0.012 - 0.014 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Mo is 0.0036 - 0.0038 g / L;. S2. When cultivating strawberries using all artificial light, during the growth stage from the seedling stage to the flowering stage of strawberries, take equal volumes of the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer A and the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer B, mix them evenly to obtain the mixture I, control the conductivity of the mixture I to be 600 - 800 mS / cm, and the dosage of the mixture I is 150 - 180 mL / plant / day; during the growth stage from the green fruit stage to the white fruit stage of strawberries, take equal volumes of the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer C and the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer D, mix them evenly to obtain the mixture II, control the conductivity of the mixture II to be 1000 - 1200 mS / cm, and the dosage of the mixture II is 180 - 200 mL / plant / day; during the growth stage from the color-changing stage to the maturity stage of strawberries, take equal volumes of the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer E and the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer F, mix them evenly to obtain the mixture III, control the conductivity of the mixture III to be 1200 - 1400 mS / cm, and the dosage of the mixture III is 100 - 150 mL / plant / day.
[0012] In the preferred embodiment, the pH of each solution in step S1 is adjusted to 3 - 4.
[0013] In the preferred embodiment, in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer A in step S1, the concentration of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O is 20.4 g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 25.05 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Fe is 3.5 g / L.
[0014] In the preferred embodiment, in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer B in step S1, the concentration of KNO3 is 5.25 g / L, the concentration of NH4H2PO4 is 25.8 g / L, the concentration of (NH4)2HPO4 is 3.4 g / L, the concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 12.3 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Ca is 4.0 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-B is 0.5 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Mn is 0.385 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Zn is 0.033 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Cu is 0.013 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Mo is 0.00375 g / L.
[0015] In the preferred embodiment, in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer C in step S1, the concentration of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O is 58.8 g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 7.6 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Ca is 10.0 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Fe is 3.5 g / L.
[0016] In a preferred embodiment, in the solution of water-soluble fertilizer D in step S1, the concentration of KNO3 is 2.6 g / L, the concentration of K2SO4 is 17.3 g / L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is 13.6 g / L, the concentration of NH4H2PO4 is 11.5 g / L, the concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 24.5 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Ca is 12.0 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-B is 0.5 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Mn is 0.385 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Zn is 0.033 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Cu is 0.013 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Mo is 0.00375 g / L.
[0017] In a preferred embodiment, in the solution of water-soluble fertilizer E in step S1, the concentration of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O is 70.6 g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 4.4 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Fe is 3.5 g / L.
[0018] In a preferred embodiment, in the solution of water-soluble fertilizer F in step S1, the concentration of K2SO4 is 2.2 g / L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is 37.4 g / L, the concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 24.6 g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 15.7 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-B is 0.5 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Mn is 0.385 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Zn is 0.033 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Cu is 0.013 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Mo is 0.00375 g / L.
[0019] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution of the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) The water-soluble fertilizer formula provided in the present invention is formulated according to the different nutritional requirements of strawberries at different growth stages, and can ensure the nutrient elements required for strawberry growth at different times.
[0020] (2) The present invention provides a method for using water-soluble fertilizer, which provides balanced nutrition for the growth of strawberries in a fully artificial light environment. On the premise of ensuring the normal growth of strawberries, the goal of high quality and high yield is achieved, and the problem of shortage of water and fertilizer integration formula for strawberries in a fully artificial light environment is solved. Detailed Embodiments
[0021] The following content describes the technical solution of the present application clearly and completely in combination with embodiments, so that those skilled in the art can fully understand the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some preferred embodiments of the present application, rather than all embodiments. Any equivalent transformation or substitution made by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts to the following embodiments shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
[0022] A specific embodiment of the present invention provides a special fertilizer for cultivating strawberries under full artificial light, which includes water-soluble fertilizer A, water-soluble fertilizer B, water-soluble fertilizer C, water-soluble fertilizer D, water-soluble fertilizer E, and water-soluble fertilizer F; the water-soluble fertilizer A and the water-soluble fertilizer B are used for the growth stage of strawberry seedlings to the flowering stage (seedling stage ~ flowering stage), the water-soluble fertilizer C and the water-soluble fertilizer D are used for the growth stage of strawberry green fruit stage to white fruit stage (green fruit stage ~ white fruit stage), and the water-soluble fertilizer E and the water-soluble fertilizer F are used for the growth stage of strawberry color-changing stage to maturity stage (color-changing stage ~ maturity stage); Each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer A is composed of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, and EDTA-Fe in a mass ratio of (5.8~5.85):(7.1~7.3):1; Each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer B is composed of KNO3, NH4H2PO4, (NH4)2HPO4, MgSO4·7H2O, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, and EDTA-Mo in a mass ratio of (10.3~10.8):(51.4~51.8):(6.5~7.0):(24.5~24.8):(7.8~8.2):1:(0.75~0.8):(0.06~0.07):(0.024~0.028):(0.0072~0.0076); Each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer C is composed of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, EDTA-Ca, and EDTA-Fe in a mass ratio of (16.5~17.0):(2.0~2.2):(2.8~3.0):1; Each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer D is composed of KNO3, K2SO4, KH2PO4, NH4H2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, and EDTA-Mo in a mass ratio of (5.0~5.5):(34.5~35.0):(27.0~27.5):(22.5~23.5):(48~50):(23~25):1:(0.75~0.8):(0.06~0.07):(0.024~0.028):(0.0072~0.0076); Each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer E is composed of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, and EDTA-Fe in a mass ratio of (19.5~20.5):(1.2~1.3):1; Each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer F is composed of K2SO4, KH2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, KNO3, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, and EDTA-Mo in a mass ratio of (4.2~4.5):(74.5~75.0):(49.0~49.5):(31.0~31.5):1:(0.75~0.8):(0.06~0.07):(0.024~0.028):(0.0072~0.0076).
[0023] As an example, the mass ratios of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, and EDTA-Fe in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer A are 5.8:7.1:1, 5.8:7.2:1, 5.8:7.3:1, 5.83:7.1:1, 5.83:7.16:1, 5.85:7.1:1, 5.85:7.2:1, or 5.85:7.3:1.
[0024] As an example, the mass ratios of KNO3, NH4H2PO4, (NH4)2HPO4, MgSO4·7H2O, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, and EDTA-Mo in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer B are 38.3:51.8:6.5:24.5:7.8:1:0.75:0.06:0.024:0.0072, 38.5:51.6:6.8:24.6:8.0:1:0.77:0.066:0.026:0.0075, or 38.8:51.4:7.0:24.8:8.2:1:0.8:0.07:0.028:0.0076.
[0025] As an example, the mass ratios of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, EDTA-Ca, and EDTA-Fe in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer C are 16.5:2.0:3.0:1, 16.8:2.17:2.86:1, 16.9:2.15:2.86:1, or 17.0:2.2:2.8:1.
[0026] As an example, for each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer D, the mass ratio of KNO3, K2SO4, KH2PO4, NH4H2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, and EDTA-Mo is 5.0:35.0:27.5:22.5:50.0:23.0:1:0.75:0.06:0.024:0.0072, 5.2:34.6:27.2:23.0:49.0:24.0:1:0.77:0.066:0.026:0.0075, or 5.5:34.5:27.0:23.5:48.0:25.0:1:0.8:0.07:0.028:0.0076.
[0027] As an example, for each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer E, the mass ratio of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, and EDTA-Fe is 19.5:1.2:1, 19.5:1.25:1, 19.5:1.3:1, 20.2:1.25:1, 20.17:1.26:1, or 20.5:1.3:1.
[0028] As an example, for each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer F, the mass ratio of K2SO4, KH2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, KNO3, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, and EDTA-Mo is 4.2:75.0:49.0:31.0:1:0.75:0.06:0.024:0.0072, 4.4:74.8:49.2:31.4:1:0.77:0.066:0.026:0.0075, or 4.5:74.5:49.5:31.5:1:0.8:0.07:0.028:0.0076.
[0029] The method for using the special fertilizer for fully artificial light cultivation of strawberries includes the following steps: S1. Take 2 portions each of the water-soluble fertilizer A, the water-soluble fertilizer B, the water-soluble fertilizer C, the water-soluble fertilizer D, the water-soluble fertilizer E, and the water-soluble fertilizer F, and dissolve them separately in 15 L of RO water (reverse osmosis water). Stir well until fully dissolved, filter out impurities, and make up the volume to 20 L. Adjust the pH to 3 - 4, and store each solution separately; S2. When cultivating strawberries using all artificial light, during the growth stage from the seedling stage to the flowering stage of strawberries, take equal volumes of the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer A and the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer B, mix them evenly to obtain the mixture I, control the conductivity of the mixture I to be 600 - 800 mS / cm, and the dosage of the mixture I is 150 - 180 mL / plant / day; during the growth stage from the green fruit stage to the white fruit stage of strawberries, take equal volumes of the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer C and the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer D, mix them evenly to obtain the mixture II, control the conductivity of the mixture II to be 1000 - 1200 mS / cm, and the dosage of the mixture II is 180 - 200 mL / plant / day; during the growth stage from the color-changing stage to the maturity stage of strawberries, take equal volumes of the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer E and the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer F, mix them evenly to obtain the mixture III, control the conductivity of the mixture III to be 1200 - 1400 mS / cm, and the dosage of the mixture III is 100 - 150 mL / plant / day.
[0030] In a preferred embodiment, the mixture I, the mixture II, and the mixture III are all used to irrigate strawberries in the form of drip irrigation.
[0031] As an example, the conductivity of the mixture I is 600 mS / cm, 610 mS / cm, 650 mS / cm, 700 mS / cm, 750 mS / cm, 800 mS / cm.
[0032] As an example, the conductivity of the mixture II is 1000 mS / cm, 1010 mS / cm, 1020 mS / cm, 1050 mS / cm, 1080 mS / cm, 1100 mS / cm, 1120 mS / cm, 1150 mS / cm, 1180 mS / cm or 1200 mS / cm.
[0033] As an example, the conductivity of the mixture III is 1200 mS / cm, 1220 mS / cm, 1240 mS / cm, 1250 mS / cm, 1300 mS / cm, 1330 mS / cm, 1350 mS / cm, 1370 mS / cm, 1380 mS / cm or 1400 mS / cm.
[0034] As an example, the dosage of the mixture I is 150 mL / plant / day, 160 mL / plant / day, 170 mL / plant / day, 180 mL / plant / day.
[0035] As an example, the dosage of the mixture II is 180 mL / plant / day, 185 mL / plant / day, 190 mL / plant / day, 195 mL / plant / day, 200 mL / plant / day.
[0036] As an example, the dosage of the mixed solution III is 100 mL / plant / day, 110 mL / plant / day, 120 mL / plant / day, 130 mL / plant / day, 140 mL / plant / day, 150 mL / plant / day.
[0037] Example 1 A special fertilizer for fully artificial light-cultivated strawberries includes water-soluble fertilizer A, water-soluble fertilizer B, water-soluble fertilizer C, water-soluble fertilizer D, water-soluble fertilizer E, and water-soluble fertilizer F. Water-soluble fertilizer A and water-soluble fertilizer B are used for the growth stage of strawberry seedlings to the flowering stage, water-soluble fertilizer C and water-soluble fertilizer D are used for the growth stage of strawberry green fruit stage to white fruit stage, and water-soluble fertilizer E and water-soluble fertilizer F are used for the growth stage of strawberry color-changing stage to maturity stage. Among them, the composition of water-soluble fertilizer A, water-soluble fertilizer B, water-soluble fertilizer C, water-soluble fertilizer D, water-soluble fertilizer E, and water-soluble fertilizer F is shown in Table 1.
[0038] Table 1 Composition of the special fertilizer for fully artificial light-cultivated strawberries in Example 1
[0039] Comparative Example 1 This comparative example provides a water and fertilizer for strawberry cultivation, including water-soluble fertilizer E and water-soluble fertilizer F. During the growth stage of strawberry seedlings to the flowering stage, the green fruit stage to the white fruit stage, and the color-changing stage to the maturity stage, water-soluble fertilizer E and water-soluble fertilizer F are used for irrigation. The composition of water-soluble fertilizer E and water-soluble fertilizer F is shown in Table 1.
[0040] Comparative Example 2 This comparative example provides a water and fertilizer for strawberry cultivation, including water-soluble fertilizer A and water-soluble fertilizer B. During the growth stage of strawberry seedlings to the flowering stage, the green fruit stage to the white fruit stage, and the color-changing stage to the maturity stage, water-soluble fertilizer A and water-soluble fertilizer B are used for irrigation. The composition of water-soluble fertilizer A and water-soluble fertilizer B is shown in Table 1.
[0041] Comparative Example 3 This comparative example provides a water and fertilizer for strawberry cultivation, including water-soluble fertilizer C and water-soluble fertilizer D. During the growth stage of strawberry seedlings to the flowering stage, the green fruit stage to the white fruit stage, and the color-changing stage to the maturity stage, water-soluble fertilizer C and water-soluble fertilizer D are used for irrigation. The composition of water-soluble fertilizer C and water-soluble fertilizer D is shown in Table 1.
[0042] Comparative Example 4 This comparative example provides a water-soluble fertilizer for strawberry cultivation, including water-soluble fertilizer A1, water-soluble fertilizer B1, water-soluble fertilizer C, water-soluble fertilizer D1, water-soluble fertilizer E, and water-soluble fertilizer F. Water-soluble fertilizer A1 and water-soluble fertilizer B1 are used for the growth stage of strawberry seedlings to the flowering stage, water-soluble fertilizer C and water-soluble fertilizer D1 are used for the growth stage of strawberry green fruit stage to white fruit stage, and water-soluble fertilizer E and water-soluble fertilizer F are used for the growth stage of strawberry color-changing stage to maturity stage. Among them, the composition components of water-soluble fertilizer A1, water-soluble fertilizer B1, water-soluble fertilizer C, water-soluble fertilizer D1, water-soluble fertilizer E, and water-soluble fertilizer F are shown in Table 2.
[0043] Table 2 Composition of the water-soluble fertilizer for strawberry cultivation in Comparative Example 4
[0044] Comparative Example 5 This comparative example provides a water-soluble fertilizer for strawberry cultivation, including water-soluble fertilizer A, water-soluble fertilizer B, water-soluble fertilizer C1, water-soluble fertilizer D2, water-soluble fertilizer E, and water-soluble fertilizer F. Water-soluble fertilizer A and water-soluble fertilizer B are used for the growth stage of strawberry seedlings to the flowering stage, water-soluble fertilizer C1 and water-soluble fertilizer D2 are used for the growth stage of strawberry green fruit stage to white fruit stage, and water-soluble fertilizer E and water-soluble fertilizer F are used for the growth stage of strawberry color-changing stage to maturity stage. Among them, the composition components of water-soluble fertilizer A, water-soluble fertilizer B, water-soluble fertilizer C1, water-soluble fertilizer D2, water-soluble fertilizer E, and water-soluble fertilizer F are shown in Table 3.
[0045] Table 3 Composition of the water-soluble fertilizer for strawberry cultivation in Comparative Example 5
[0046] Comparative Example 6 This comparative example provides a water-soluble fertilizer for strawberry cultivation, including water-soluble fertilizer A, water-soluble fertilizer B, water-soluble fertilizer C, water-soluble fertilizer D, water-soluble fertilizer E1, and water-soluble fertilizer F. Water-soluble fertilizer A and water-soluble fertilizer B are used for the growth stage of strawberry seedlings to the flowering stage, water-soluble fertilizer C and water-soluble fertilizer D are used for the growth stage of strawberry green fruit stage to white fruit stage, and water-soluble fertilizer E1 and water-soluble fertilizer F are used for the growth stage of strawberry color-changing stage to maturity stage. Among them, the composition components of water-soluble fertilizer A, water-soluble fertilizer B, water-soluble fertilizer C, water-soluble fertilizer D, water-soluble fertilizer E1, and water-soluble fertilizer F are shown in Table 4.
[0047] Table 4 Composition of the water-soluble fertilizer for strawberry cultivation in Comparative Example 6
[0048] Comparative Example 7 This comparative example provides a water-soluble fertilizer for strawberry cultivation, including water-soluble fertilizer A, water-soluble fertilizer B, water-soluble fertilizer C2, water-soluble fertilizer D3, water-soluble fertilizer E2, and water-soluble fertilizer F1. Water-soluble fertilizer A and water-soluble fertilizer B are used for the growth stage of strawberry seedlings to the flowering stage, water-soluble fertilizer C2 and water-soluble fertilizer D3 are used for the growth stage of strawberry from the green fruit stage to the white fruit stage, and water-soluble fertilizer E2 and water-soluble fertilizer F1 are used for the growth stage of strawberry from the color-changing stage to the mature stage. Among them, the composition components of water-soluble fertilizer A, water-soluble fertilizer B, water-soluble fertilizer C2, water-soluble fertilizer D3, water-soluble fertilizer E2, and water-soluble fertilizer F1 are shown in Table 5.
[0049] Table 5 Composition of the water-soluble fertilizer for strawberry cultivation in Comparative Example 7
[0050] Comparative Example 8 This comparative example provides a water-soluble fertilizer for strawberry cultivation, including water-soluble fertilizer A, water-soluble fertilizer B, water-soluble fertilizer C3, water-soluble fertilizer D, water-soluble fertilizer E3, and water-soluble fertilizer F2. Water-soluble fertilizer A and water-soluble fertilizer B are used for the growth stage of strawberry seedlings to the flowering stage, water-soluble fertilizer C3 and water-soluble fertilizer D are used for the growth stage of strawberry from the green fruit stage to the white fruit stage, and water-soluble fertilizer E3 and water-soluble fertilizer F2 are used for the growth stage of strawberry from the color-changing stage to the mature stage. Among them, the composition components of water-soluble fertilizer A, water-soluble fertilizer B, water-soluble fertilizer C3, water-soluble fertilizer D, water-soluble fertilizer E3, and water-soluble fertilizer F2 are shown in Table 6.
[0051] Table 6 Composition of the water-soluble fertilizer for strawberry cultivation in Comparative Example 8
[0052] Example 2 Taking Black Pearl strawberries (seedlings purchased from Yantai Yangguangxiu Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.) as the experimental object, and using Yamazaki strawberry nutrient solution as the fertilizer for Control Group 1, the special fertilizer for full artificial light cultivation of strawberries in Control Group 1, Example 1, and the water-soluble fertilizers for strawberry cultivation in Comparative Examples 1 - 8 were used to cultivate strawberries according to the following methods respectively: Take 2 parts each of water-soluble fertilizer A, the said water-soluble fertilizer B, the said water-soluble fertilizer C, the said water-soluble fertilizer D, the said water-soluble fertilizer E, and the said water-soluble fertilizer F in Example 1, and dissolve them separately in 15 L of RO water (reverse osmosis water). Stir well until fully dissolved, filter out impurities, and make up the volume to 20 L. Adjust the pH to 3 - 4, and store each solution separately. Take equal volumes of water-soluble fertilizer A and water-soluble fertilizer B and mix them evenly to obtain a mixed solution I for irrigation. During the growth stage of strawberry from the green fruit stage to the white fruit stage, take equal volumes of water-soluble fertilizer C and water-soluble fertilizer D and mix them evenly to obtain a mixed solution II. During the growth stage of strawberry from the color-changing stage to the mature stage, take equal volumes of water-soluble fertilizer E and water-soluble fertilizer F and mix them evenly to obtain a mixed solution III. The water-soluble fertilizers for strawberry cultivation in Comparative Examples 1 - 8 were prepared according to the same method as described above.
[0053] During the three growth stages of strawberries (seedling stage to flowering stage, green fruit stage to white fruit stage, color-changing stage to maturity stage), the fertilizers for each stage were subjected to three treatments, with three replicates for each treatment, 30 plants for each treatment, and carried out under the same light duration (12 - 13 h), light flux density (340 - 380 μmol / m²s), temperature (10 - 25 °C), humidity (60% - 99%), and carbon dioxide concentration (800 - 1200 ppm) in the same planting room.
[0054] The experimental strawberries were planted in the Intelligent Technology Planting Garden of Wuhan Plant Ark in Wuhan, Hubei Province on May 12, 2024. The seedling stage to flowering stage was from May to July, controlling the electrical conductivity of the fertilizer to be 600 - 800 mS / cm, the irrigation amount to be 150 mL / plant / day, and the drainage amount was not counted. The green fruit stage to white fruit stage was from July to August, controlling the electrical conductivity of the fertilizer to be 1000 - 1200 mS / cm, the irrigation amount to be 180 mL / plant / day, and the drainage amount was not counted. The color-changing stage to maturity stage was from August to November, controlling the electrical conductivity of the fertilizer to be 1200 - 1400 mS / cm, the irrigation amount to be 100 mL / plant / day, and the drainage amount was not counted. The fertilizers for each growth stage of the strawberries in each treatment were irrigated daily in the form of drip irrigation. The experiment ended on November 15, 2024. Control group 2 also used the special fertilizer for fully artificial light-cultivated strawberries in Example 1 and carried out the experiment in the same method as above. The difference was that during the color-changing stage to maturity stage of strawberries, the irrigation amount of the fertilizer was 200 mL / plant / day, and the drainage amount was not counted. The stoppage rate, yield, soluble solid content, and average diameter of the strawberries were statistically analyzed, and the statistical results are listed in Table 7.
[0055] Table 7 Statistical results of the quality of strawberries cultivated with different fertilizers after 6 months of cultivation
[0056] As can be seen from Table 7, the yield of Example 1 (282 g / plant) is significantly higher than that of most comparative examples and the control group. In particular, compared with Comparative Example 5 (160.5 g / plant), the difference is relatively large. This indicates that Example 1 may have significant advantages in increasing yield. The soluble solid content of Comparative Example 2 (12.6 wt%) is significantly higher than that of other examples and comparative examples, especially much higher than that of Comparative Example 4 (8.7 wt%); this indicates that the solution of Comparative Example 2 may have a significant effect on improving the sweetness of strawberries, but the yield in Comparative Example 2 is too low. The average diameters of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 5 and 7 are relatively large (2.4 cm and 2.5 cm), while the average diameter of Comparative Example 3 is relatively small (1.8 cm), which indicates that Example 1 and Comparative Examples 5 and 7 may have significant effects on promoting plant growth, but the yields of Comparative Examples 5 and 7 are significantly reduced compared with Example 1, and the soluble solid content in Comparative Example 5 is also significantly reduced. Compared with Example 1 and other comparative examples, the core-stopping rates of Comparative Examples 3, 8 and Control Group 1 are relatively high (3.3%, 3.3% and 3.7% respectively), indicating that the solutions of Comparative Examples 3 and 8 are not suitable for strawberry cultivation under full artificial light conditions. By comprehensively comparing indicators such as core-stopping rate, yield, soluble solid content, and stem thickness, the solution of Example 1 has the best overall performance, and the solutions of Comparative Examples 1-8 each have significant disadvantages. This indicates that there is no core-stopping situation for strawberries grown under full artificial light using the water-soluble fertilizer provided in this application, and both the yield and soluble solid content are significantly increased, and the plant stem thickness is also relatively large. However, fertilizers with other formulations obtained by adjusting on the basis of the water-soluble fertilizer of the present invention or using the same fertilizer at different growth stages of strawberries cannot achieve the effects of no core-stopping, high yield, high soluble solid content, and thick plant diameter at the same time. Example 1 ensures a high yield and also has good quality and a healthy growth state, laying a foundation for ensuring subsequent yield and quality. The strawberry planting cycle in a full artificial light plant factory is as long as 1 year, and the ability of the plant to have stable fruit quality and high yield is more important than the planting mode in other scenarios.
[0057] The above-described embodiments are only the preferred embodiments of the present application and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present application. For any person skilled in the art, various changes and modifications can be made to the present application. Any simple equivalent changes and modifications made based on the protection scope and the content of the specification of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Claims
1. A special fertilizer for cultivating strawberries under full artificial light, characterized in that: The invention comprises water-soluble fertilizer A, water-soluble fertilizer B, water-soluble fertilizer C, water-soluble fertilizer D, water-soluble fertilizer E and water-soluble fertilizer F; each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer A comprises Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3 and EDTA-Fe in a mass ratio of (5.8-5.85):(7.1-7.3):1; each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer B comprises KNO3, NH4H2PO4, (NH4)2HPO4, MgSO4·7H2O, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu and EDTA-Mo in a mass ratio of (10.3-10.8):(51.4-51. 8):(6.5~7.0):(24.5~24.8):(7.8~8.2):1:(0.75~0.8):(0.06~0.07):(0.024~0.028):(0.0072~0.0076); each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer C is composed of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-Fe in a mass ratio of (16.5~17.0):(2.0~2.2):(2.8~3.0):1; each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer D is composed of KNO3, K2SO4, KH2PO4, NH4H2PO4, Mg SO4·7H2O, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, EDTA-Mo are composed according to the mass ratio (5.0~5.5):(34.5~35.0):(27.0~27.5):(22.5~23.5):(48~50):(23~25):1:(0.75~0.8):(0.06~0.07):(0.024~0.028):(0.0072~0.0076); each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer E is composed of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, EDTA-Fe According to the mass ratio of (19.5~20.5):(1.2~1.3):1; each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer F is composed of K2SO4, KH2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, KNO3, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, EDTA-Mo according to the mass ratio of (4.2~4.5):(74.5~75.0):(49.0~49.5):(31.0~31.5):1:(0.75~0.8):(0.06~0.07):(0.024~0.028):(0.0072~0.0076).
2. The special fertilizer for cultivating strawberries under full artificial light according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, and EDTA-Fe in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer A is 5.83:7.16:1; or / and the mass ratio of KNO3, NH4H2PO4, (NH4)2HPO4, MgSO4·7H2O, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, and EDTA-Mo in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer B is 38.5:51.6:6.8:24.6:8.0:1:0.77:0.066:0.026:0.0075.
3. The special fertilizer for cultivating strawberries under full artificial light according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, EDTA-Ca, and EDTA-Fe in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer C is 16.8:2.17:2.86:1; or / and the mass ratio of KNO3, K2SO4, KH2PO4, NH4H2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, EDTA-Ca, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, and EDTA-Mo in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer D is 5.2:34.6:27.2:23.0:49.0:24.0:1:0.77:0.066:0.026:0.0075.
4. The special fertilizer for cultivating strawberries under full artificial light according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mass ratio of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O, KNO3, and EDTA-Fe in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer E is 20.17:1.26:1; or / and the mass ratio of K2SO4, KH2PO4, MgSO4·7H2O, KNO3, EDTA-B, EDTA-Mn, EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Cu, and EDTA-Mo in each portion of the water-soluble fertilizer F is 4.4:74.8:49.2:31.4:1:0.77:0.066:0.026:0.0075.
5. The method for using the special fertilizer for cultivating strawberries under full artificial light according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. The water-soluble fertilizer A, the water-soluble fertilizer B, the water-soluble fertilizer C, the water-soluble fertilizer D, the water-soluble fertilizer E and the water-soluble fertilizer F are fully dissolved in reverse osmosis water, each solution is filtered to remove impurities, the volume is fixed, the pH is adjusted to acidic, and then each solution is stored separately; the concentration of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer A is 20.3~20.5g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 24.9~25.6g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Fe is 3.5g / L; the concentration of KNO3 in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer B is 5.2~5.4g / L, the concentration of NH4H2PO4 is 25.7~25.9g / L, and the concentration of (NH4)2HPO4 is 3.3~3.5g / L , the concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 12.3~12.4g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Ca is 3.9~4.1g / L, the concentration of EDTA-B is 0.5g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Mn is 0.38~0.4g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Zn is 0.03~0.035g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Cu is 0.012~0.014g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Mo is 0.0036~0.0038g / L; the concentration of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O in the water-soluble fertilizer C solution is 57.8~59.5g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 7.0~7.7g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Ca is 9.8~10.5g / L. L, the concentration of EDTA-Fe is 3.5g / L; the concentration of KNO3 in the water-soluble fertilizer D solution is 2.5~2.8g / L, the concentration of K2SO4 is 17.3~17.5g / L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is 13.5~13.8g / L, the concentration of NH4H2PO4 is 11.3~11.8g / L, the concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 24.0~25.0g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Ca is 11.5~12.5g / L, the concentration of EDTA-B is 0.5g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Mn is 0.38~0.4g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Zn is 0.03~0.035g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Cu is 0.0 12~0.014g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Mo is 0.0036~0.0038g / L; the concentration of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer E is 68.3~71.8g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 4.2~4.6g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Fe is 3.5g / L; the concentration of K2SO4 in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer F is 2.1~2.3g / L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is 37.3~37.5g / L, the concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 24.5~24.8g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 15.5~15.8g / L, the concentration of EDTA-B is 0.5g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Mn is 0.38~0.4g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Zn is 0.03~0.035g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Cu is 0.012~0.014g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Mo is 0.0036~0.0038g / L;. S2, when adopting full artificial light to cultivate strawberry, in the growth stage from strawberry seedling stage to flowering stage, take an equal volume of the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer A and the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer B and mix them to obtain a mixed solution I, and the conductivity of the mixed solution I is controlled to be 600 ~ 800mS / cm, and the consumption of the mixed solution I is 150 ~ 180mL / plant / day; in the growth stage from strawberry green fruit stage to ginkgo stage, take an equal volume of the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer C and the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer D and mix them to obtain a mixed solution II, controlling the conductivity of the mixed solution II to 1000-1200 mS / cm, and the dosage of the mixed solution II to 180-200 mL / plant / day; in the growth stage from the color change period to the maturity period of the strawberry, taking equal volumes of the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer E and the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer F and mixing them evenly to obtain a mixed solution III, controlling the conductivity of the mixed solution III to 1200-1400 mS / cm, and the dosage of the mixed solution III to 100-150 mL / plant / day.
6. The method of use according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the pH of each solution is adjusted to 3-4.
7. The method of use according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the concentration of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer A is 20.4 g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 25.05 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Fe is 3.5 g / L; or / and, the concentration of KNO3 in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer B is 5.25 g / L, the concentration of NH4H2PO4 is 25.8 g / L, the concentration of (NH4)2HPO4 is 3.4 g / L, the concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 12.3 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Ca is 4.0 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-B is 0.5 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Mn is 0.385 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Zn is 0.033 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Cu is 0.013 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Mo is 0.00375 g / L.
8. The method of use according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the concentration of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer C is 58.8 g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 7.6 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Ca is 10.0 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Fe is 3.5 g / L; or / and, the concentration of KNO3 in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer D is 2.6 g / L, the concentration of K2SO4 is 17.3 g / L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is 13.6 g / L, and the concentration of N The concentration of H4H2PO4 is 11.5 g / L, the concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 24.5 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Ca is 12.0 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-B is 0.5 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Mn is 0.385 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Zn is 0.033 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Cu is 0.013 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Mo is 0.00375 g / L.
9. The method of use according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step S1, the concentration of Ca(NO3)2·4H2O in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer E is 70.6 g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 4.4 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Fe is 3.5 g / L; or / and, the concentration of K2SO4 in the solution of the water-soluble fertilizer F is 2.2 g / L, the concentration of KH2PO4 is 37.4 g / L, the concentration of MgSO4·7H2O is 24.6 g / L, the concentration of KNO3 is 15.7 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-B is 0.5 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Mn is 0.385 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Zn is 0.033 g / L, the concentration of EDTA-Cu is 0.013 g / L, and the concentration of EDTA-Mo is 0.00375 g / L.