A pumped storage power station water inlet / outlet structure and arrangement method thereof

Abstract

The present invention provides a pumped-storage power station inlet / outlet structure and its arrangement method, relating to the technical field of pumped-storage power station inlet / outlet design. The pumped-storage power station inlet / outlet structure is used for water inlet / outlet between the pumped-storage power station intake tower and the upper reservoir of a cascade reservoir power station. The structure comprises, from nearest to the pumped-storage power station intake tower, an inlet / outlet, a rock sill, a slope bottom channel, and an energy dissipation device. The inlet / outlet bottom plate is at the same elevation as the pumped-storage power station intake tower, and the inlet / outlet bottom plate is located between the dead water level and the normal water level of the upper reservoir. The pumped-storage power station dead water level of the pumped-storage power station intake tower is higher than the dead water level of the upper reservoir and lower than the normal water level of the upper reservoir. The top of the rock sill is higher than the inlet / outlet bottom plate. The energy dissipation device is located below the dead water level of the upper reservoir. The two ends of the slope bottom channel are connected to the top of the rock sill and the energy dissipation device, respectively. The present invention has the beneficial effect of enabling a pumped storage water intake tower constructed by utilizing cascade reservoirs to operate stably under different water level working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of water inlet / outlet design of a pumped storage power station, and in particular to a water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station and a layout method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Pumped-storage power stations are energy-saving and environmentally friendly power facilities that play a key role in power systems, including peak-shaving, valley-filling, frequency regulation, phase modulation, energy storage, and emergency backup. Pumped-storage power stations utilize excess electricity during periods of low power system load to pump water from a lower reservoir to a higher reservoir for storage. During periods of peak power demand, water from the higher reservoir is released to the lower reservoir, driving turbines to generate electricity, converting the water's potential energy into electricity and feeding it back into the grid. Utilizing existing cascade reservoirs to construct pumped-storage power stations eliminates the cost of building new upper and lower reservoirs, thus saving investment.

[0003] In the related art, in order to facilitate power generation and water pumping, a flat-bottomed canal is provided between the pumped-storage power station constructed using cascade reservoirs and the existing upper reservoir as an inlet / outlet structure. Since the upper reservoir is an annual regulation reservoir with a large water level fluctuation depth, in order to ensure that the pumped-storage power station is in a pressurized flow state during power generation, the inlet / outlet of the upper reservoir and the corresponding inlet / outlet canal bottom plates are all set below the dead water level of the upper reservoir. The above arrangement causes a large difference between the maximum pumping head and the minimum power generation head of the pumped-storage water intake tower, resulting in unstable water flow under different water level conditions, resulting in a large difference in head loss, increasing the pumping energy consumption of the power station, and having an adverse effect on the smooth operation of the pumped-storage water intake tower. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The problem solved by the present invention is how to make the pumped storage water intake tower using cascade reservoirs operate stably under different water level conditions.

[0005] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station and a layout method thereof.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a water inlet / outlet structure for a pumped storage power station, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0007] A pumped storage power station water inlet / outlet structure is used for water inlet / outlet between a pumped storage water inlet tower and an upper reservoir of a cascade reservoir power station, and comprises, from near to far distance from the pumped storage water inlet tower, a water inlet / outlet, a rock sill, a slope bottom water channel and an energy dissipation device;

[0008] The inlet / outlet bottom plate has the same elevation as the top surface of the foundation of the pumped storage water inlet tower, and the elevation of the inlet / outlet bottom plate is located between the dead water level and the normal water level of the upper reservoir;

[0009] The dead water level of the pumped storage power generation of the pumped storage water intake tower is higher than the dead water level of the upper reservoir and lower than the normal water level of the upper reservoir;

[0010] The top of the rock sill is higher than the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet;

[0011] The energy dissipation device is located below the dead water level of the upper reservoir;

[0012] The two ends of the slope bottom water channel are respectively communicated with the top of the rock step and the energy dissipation device.

[0013] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: utilizing the gradient difference of the existing cascade reservoirs, setting the elevation of the pumped storage water intake tower and the inlet / outlet between the dead water level and the normal water storage level of the upper reservoir, and setting a rock step, a slope bottom channel and an energy dissipation device between the inlet / outlet and the upper reservoir.

[0014] When the water level of the upper reservoir is between the normal water storage level and the dead water level of pumped-storage power generation, the pumped-storage generator set can switch between power generation conditions and normal pumping conditions. Since the water level submerges the entire inlet / outlet structure at this time, the water level of the upper reservoir and the inlet / outlet is the same, so that the upper reservoir is directly connected to the pumped-storage generator set, and the water in the upper reservoir can flow into the pumped-storage generator set in the form of submerged outflow; when switching to normal pumping conditions, the direction of water flow changes, and it still flows from the pumped-storage generator set into the upper reservoir in the form of submerged outflow, thereby avoiding the scouring effect of water flow on the open channel due to changes in height difference. When the water level of the upper reservoir is lower than the elevation of the inlet / outlet bottom plate and the pumped-storage generator set, the pumped-storage generator set can only pump water at a low water level. At this time, the pumped-storage generator set transmits water to the upper reservoir through the inlet / outlet structure. At this time, the water flows over the rock step and flows down along the slope bottom channel into the upper reservoir. The energy dissipation device at the bottom of the slope bottom channel can dissipate energy in advance before the water flows into the upper reservoir, allowing the water to flow into the upper reservoir in a smoother flow state.

[0015] Compared to the flat-bottomed canals used in related technologies, this invention reduces the head difference between the maximum pumping head and the minimum generating head of the pumped-storage generator set by raising the elevation of the pumped-storage inlet and outlet. This improves the operating conditions of the unit's pumps and turbines, facilitating stable operation of the pumped-storage generator set under various operating conditions. Furthermore, since the construction of the inlet and outlet structures and the pumped-storage generator set requires excavation, raising the elevation of the inlet and outlet and the pumped-storage generator set can reduce earthwork excavation, saving construction time and costs.

[0016] Optionally, the elevation of the top of the rock sill is consistent with the elevation of the pumped storage dead water level of the pumped storage intake tower.

[0017] Optionally, a water storage forepool is provided between the water inlet / outlet and the rock sill.

[0018] Optionally, the volume of the water storage forepool is not less than the water storage capacity required for the pumped storage water intake tower to fully discharge for 3 to 5 minutes.

[0019] Optionally, the water storage forepool is connected to the rock sill via a slope, and the water storage forepool is at the same elevation as the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet.

[0020] Optionally, the energy dissipation device is one of a scoop, a stilling pool or a stilling pier.

[0021] Optionally, a diffusion angle is formed between the side wall of the slope bottom water channel and the axis of the slope bottom water channel.

[0022] Optionally, a water transfer tunnel is further included, wherein the water transfer tunnel is used to connect the water inlet / outlet with the lower reservoir of the pumped storage power station.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for arranging the water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station, which adopts the following technical solution:

[0024] A method for arranging a water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station is used to design the water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station, the method comprising the following steps:

[0025] Based on the corresponding relationship between the site topography and geological conditions, the drawdown depth D of the cascade reservoirs and the maximum head ratio S of the pumped storage intake tower, the operating water level for pumping and power generation of the pumped storage power station is proposed:

[0026] D = normal water level of pumped storage power generation - dead water level of pumped storage power generation;

[0027] S=maximum pumping head / minimum generating head;

[0028] According to the operating water level, the elevation of the inlet / outlet floor of the pumped storage power station is formulated, and the plane position of the inlet / outlet is formulated based on factors such as foundation bearing capacity and hub layout coordination;

[0029] The elevation of the top of the rock sill is determined based on the dead water level of the pumped storage power generation system, and the slope ratio of the bottom plate of the slope channel is determined based on the construction requirements and stable operation requirements in the relevant specifications;

[0030] A hydraulic model is established for experiments, different condition parameters are set, the energy dissipation efficiency of the model under different body condition parameters is compared, and a set of body condition parameters with the highest energy dissipation efficiency is selected for the actual construction of the inlet / outlet structure.

[0031] The beneficial effects of the arrangement method of the water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station provided by the present invention compared with the prior art are the same as those of the water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station, so the beneficial effects of the arrangement method of the water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped-storage power station are not repeated here.

[0032] Optionally, when the water inlet / outlet structure is provided with a water storage forebay, the volume V of the water storage forebay is calculated to meet the water volume requirement of the pumped storage generator set for 3 to 5 minutes, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0033] V=(3~5)n*T*Q;

[0034] n is the number of pumped storage generator sets;

[0035] Q is the rated power generation flow of the pumped storage unit, in cubic meters per second (m 3 / s);

[0036] T is the shutdown time of the generator, in seconds (s). BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station in related technology.

[0038] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the power generation operation of the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the normal pumping operation of the inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the low-water-level pumping operation of the inlet / outlet structure of a pumped-storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic plan view of the water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 7 This is a flow chart of a method for arranging the water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Description of reference numerals:

[0045] 10. Pumped-storage water intake tower; 20. Upper reservoir; 30. Flat-bottomed channel; 40. Natural slope; 50. Original ground line; 1. Inlet / outlet; 2. Rock slope; 3. Slope-bottomed channel; 4. Energy dissipation device; 5. Water storage forebay; 6. Slope; 7. Diffusion angle; 8. Water diversion tunnel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although certain embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described herein. Instead, these embodiments are provided to provide a more thorough and complete understanding of the present invention. It should be understood that the drawings and embodiments of the present invention are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0047] The Z-axis in the accompanying drawings represents the vertical direction, that is, the up-down position, with the positive direction of the Z-axis representing the top and the reverse direction of the Z-axis representing the bottom. The X-axis in the accompanying drawings represents the horizontal direction and is designated as the left-right position, with the positive direction of the X-axis representing the right side and the reverse direction of the X-axis representing the left side. The Y-axis in the accompanying drawings represents the front-to-back position, with the positive direction of the Y-axis representing the front side and the reverse direction of the Y-axis representing the rear side. It should also be noted that the aforementioned Z-axis, Y-axis, and X-axis are merely for the purpose of facilitating the description of the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention.

[0048] The term "including" and its variations used in this document are open inclusions, that is, "including but not limited to"; the term "based on" means "based at least in part on"; the term "one embodiment" means "at least one embodiment"; the term "another embodiment" means "at least one other embodiment"; the term "some embodiments" means "at least some embodiments"; the term "optionally" means "optional embodiments". The relevant definitions of other terms will be given in the following description. It should be noted that the concepts of "first", "second", etc. mentioned in the present invention are only used to distinguish different devices, modules or units, and are not used to limit the order or interdependence of the functions performed by these devices, modules or units.

[0049] It should be noted that the modifications of "one" and "multiple" mentioned in the present invention are illustrative rather than restrictive. Those skilled in the art should understand that unless otherwise clearly indicated in the context, it should be understood as "one or more".

[0050] Reference Figure 1In the related art, the inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station is mostly a flat-bottomed canal 30, and the arrow in the figure indicates the direction of water flow. In the cascade reservoir, since the upper reservoir 20 is an annual regulation reservoir, the water level drop depth is relatively large. In order to ensure that the pumped storage power station is in a pressurized flow state during power generation, the inlet / outlet of the upper reservoir 20 and the corresponding inlet / outlet canal bottom plate are usually set at a lower elevation, even below the dead water level of the upper reservoir 20. The above arrangement easily causes a large difference between the maximum pumping head and the minimum power generation head of the pumped storage water intake tower 10, resulting in unstable water flow under different water level conditions, resulting in a large difference in head loss, increasing the pumping energy consumption of the power station, and having an adverse effect on the smooth operation of the pumped storage water intake tower 10. If the existing inlet / outlet structure and the pumped storage water intake tower 10 are raised as a whole, a natural slope 40 will be generated between the end of the flat-bottomed canal 30 and the upper reservoir 20, such as Figure 1 When the water level of the upper reservoir 20 is lower than the bottom elevation of the flat-bottomed channel 30, the pumped-storage water intake tower 10 is in a low-water-level pumping condition. When water flows from the flat-bottomed channel 30 to the upper reservoir 20, the increased height difference will be converted into greater kinetic energy, thereby causing strong scouring at the end of the flat-bottomed channel 30, which will have an adverse impact on the durability and safety of the water inlet / outlet structure.

[0051] In addition, the construction of the pumped-storage power station and its inlet / outlet structures requires excavation downward from the original ground line 50. Arranging the pumped-storage water intake tower 10 and the inlet / outlet structures at a lower elevation will increase the amount of earth excavation and the difficulty of construction, resulting in a long construction period and high economic costs.

[0052] In response to the problems existing in the above-mentioned related technologies, the present invention provides a water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station and a layout method thereof.

[0053] Reference Figure 2 The embodiment of the present invention provides a pumped storage power station water inlet / outlet structure, which is used for water inlet / outlet between a pumped storage water inlet tower 10 and an upper reservoir 20 of a cascade reservoir power station. The structure includes, from near to far distance from the pumped storage water inlet tower 10, a water inlet / outlet 1, a rock sill 2, a slope bottom water channel 3, and an energy dissipation device 4.

[0054] The bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet 1 is at the same elevation as the top surface of the foundation of the pumped storage water inlet tower 10, and the elevation of the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet 1 is between the dead water level and the normal water level of the upper reservoir 20;

[0055] The dead water level of the pumped storage power generation of the pumped storage water inlet tower 10 is higher than the dead water level of the upper reservoir 20 and lower than the normal water level of the upper reservoir 20;

[0056] The top of the rock sill 2 is higher than the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet 1;

[0057] The energy dissipation device 4 is located below the dead water level of the upper reservoir 20;

[0058] The two ends of the slope bottom water channel 3 are respectively connected to the top of the rock sill 2 and the energy dissipation device 4.

[0059] Specifically, by utilizing the gradient difference of existing cascade reservoirs, the elevation of the pumped-storage water intake tower 10 and the inlet / outlet 1 is set between the dead water level and the normal water level of the upper reservoir 20, and a rock sill 2, a slope bottom channel 3, and an energy dissipation device 4 are provided between the inlet / outlet 1 and the upper reservoir 20. Compared to the related art method of setting the inlet / outlet at a lower elevation, even below the dead water level of the upper reservoir 20, the present invention reduces the head difference between the maximum pumping head and the minimum generating head of the pumped-storage generator set by raising the elevation of the pumped-storage water intake tower 10 and the inlet / outlet 1, thereby improving the operating conditions of the unit's pump and turbine, and facilitating the stable operation of the pumped-storage generator set under different operating conditions.

[0060] Reference Figure 3 、 Figure 4 , the arrow in the figure indicates the direction of water flow, and the normal water level of the reservoir is the same as the normal water level of the pumped-storage power generation. When the water level of the upper reservoir 20 is between the normal water level and the dead water level of the pumped-storage power generation, the pumped-storage generator set can switch between the power generation condition and the normal pumping condition. Since the water level at this time submerges the entire inlet / outlet structure, the water level of the upper reservoir 20 is the same as that of the inlet / outlet 1, so that the upper reservoir 20 is directly connected to the pumped-storage generator set, and the water in the upper reservoir 20 can flow into the pumped-storage generator set in the form of submerged outflow; when switching to the normal pumping condition, the direction of the water flow changes, and it still flows from the pumped-storage generator set to the upper reservoir 20 in the form of submerged outflow, thereby preventing the water flow from scouring the open channel due to the change in height difference.

[0061] Reference Figure 5 When the water level of the upper reservoir 20 is lower than the elevation of the bottom plate of the inlet / outlet 1 and the pumped-storage generator set, the pumped-storage generator set can only pump water at a low water level. At this time, the pumped-storage generator set transmits water to the upper reservoir 20 through the inlet / outlet structure. At this time, the water flows over the rock sill 2 and flows downward along the slope bottom channel 3 into the upper reservoir 20. The energy dissipation device 4 at the bottom end of the slope bottom channel 3 can dissipate energy in advance before the water flows into the upper reservoir 20, allowing the water to flow into the upper reservoir 20 in a more gentle flow state.

[0062] In addition, when constructing the water inlet / outlet structure and the pumped-storage generator set, it is necessary to excavate the mountain. Raising the elevation of the water inlet / outlet 1 and the pumped-storage generator set can also reduce the amount of earth excavation, saving construction time and construction costs.

[0063] Reference Figure 6 Optionally, a diffusion angle 7 is formed between the side wall of the slope bottom water channel 3 and the axis of the slope bottom water channel 3.

[0064] Specifically, the dotted line in the figure represents a reference line parallel to the axis of the slope bottom channel 3. The diffusion angle 7 can facilitate the water flow to be concentrated into the pumped storage generator set under power generation conditions, thereby increasing the momentum. At the same time, it can also play a role in slowing down the water flow and stabilizing the flow state under pumping conditions, ensuring the horizontal diffusion of the outlet water flow, reducing the scouring effect of the water flow on the open channel when flowing downward, thereby reducing the impact of water flow transportation on the terrain and existing buildings, reducing maintenance costs, and ensuring the safe operation of the unit.

[0065] In this embodiment, the diffusion angle 7 is preferably 3° to 5°. By establishing a hydraulic model and conducting simulation tests under different diffusion angle 7 parameters, it is found that the diffusion angle 7 has the best effect when it is in the range of 3° to 5°.

[0066] Reference Figure 2 Optionally, the elevation of the top of the rock sill 2 is consistent with the dead water level elevation of the pumped storage power generation unit of the pumped storage water intake tower 10.

[0067] Specifically, aligning the top elevation of sill 2 with the deadwater level of the pumped-storage generator ensures that water flows continuously in a submerged outflow state during power generation. If the top of sill 2 were higher than the deadwater level of the pumped-storage generator, when the pumped-storage generator water level approaches the deadwater level, water would need external force to flow upward over sill 2 to enter the pumped-storage generator set. However, aligning the top elevation of sill 2 with the deadwater level of the pumped-storage generator set allows the pumped-storage generator set to be elevated as much as possible while maintaining the height of sill 2. This minimizes excavation during construction while maximizing its effectiveness, achieving a balanced and economical balance between the efficiency of the inlet and outlet structures.

[0068] Reference Figure 2 Optionally, a water storage forepool 5 is provided between the water inlet / outlet 1 and the rock sill 2 .

[0069] Specifically, the water storage forepool 5 can store water on a small scale. The water storage forepool 5 is directly connected to the pumped storage generator set to supply water in time to prevent the pumped storage generator set from idling and being damaged at the beginning of operation, which helps the unit to operate smoothly and extend its service life.

[0070] Optionally, the volume of the water storage forepool 5 is not less than the water storage capacity required for the pumped storage water intake tower 10 to fully discharge for 3 minutes to 5 minutes.

[0071] Specifically, according to structural calculations, the volume of the water storage front pool 5 is sufficient to store water for the pumped storage water intake tower 10 to be fully discharged for three to five minutes. During this time period, it is sufficient to transport water between the upper reservoir 20 and the pumped storage water intake tower 10 through the inlet / outlet structure.

[0072] Optionally, the water storage forepool 5 is connected to the rock sill 2 via a slope 6 , and the water storage forepool 5 is at the same elevation as the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet 1 .

[0073] Specifically, the forebay 5 is connected to the rock sill 2 via a slope 6. The floor of the forebay 5 is aligned with the floor of the inlet / outlet 1. This simplifies the construction of the inlet / outlet structure, reduces construction difficulty, and saves time and money. During power generation, the forebay 5 is filled with water, which assists in energy dissipation.

[0074] Optionally, the energy dissipation device 4 is one of a scoop, a stilling pool or a stilling pier.

[0075] Specifically, the scoop, the stilling basin and the stilling pier are all common energy dissipation devices 4 , which are simple to construct and economical and practical.

[0076] In this embodiment, the energy dissipation device 4 is preferably a scoop. The use of the scoop ensures that under pumping conditions, the water discharged from the inlet / outlet 1 enters the upper reservoir 20 as an underflow or surface flow. The scoop propels the discharged rapids toward the downstream water surface to form a surge. A scoop vortex forms upstream of the surge, a surface vortex forms downstream, and a bottom vortex forms below the main flow, dissipating excess energy and thus maintaining the stability of the slopes on both sides of the slope bottom channel 3.

[0077] Optionally, the water inlet / outlet structure further includes a water conveyance tunnel 8, and the water conveyance tunnel 8 is used to connect the water inlet / outlet 1 with the lower reservoir of the cascade reservoir power station.

[0078] Specifically, the water transfer tunnel 8 penetrates the mountain and is connected to the lower reservoir, utilizing the inherent structure of the cascade reservoir to form a height difference in the water flow, thereby facilitating power generation or water pumping.

[0079] Reference Figure 7 An embodiment of the present invention provides a method for arranging the water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station, which is used to design the water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station as described above. The method includes the following steps:

[0080] Based on the corresponding relationship between the site topography and geological conditions, the drawdown depth D of the cascade reservoirs and the maximum head ratio S of the pumped storage intake tower 10, the operating water level for pumping and power generation of the pumped storage power station is formulated:

[0081] D = normal water level of pumped storage power generation - dead water level of pumped storage power generation;

[0082] S=maximum pumping head / minimum generating head;

[0083] According to the operating water level, the elevation of the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet 1 of the pumped storage power station is formulated, and the plane position of the water inlet / outlet 1 is formulated according to factors such as foundation bearing capacity and hub layout coordination;

[0084] The top elevation of the rock sill 2 is determined according to the dead water level of the pumped storage power generation, and the slope ratio of the bottom plate of the slope bottom channel 3 is determined according to the construction requirements and stable operation requirements in the relevant specifications;

[0085] A hydraulic model is established for experiments, different condition parameters are set, the energy dissipation efficiency of the model under different body condition parameters is compared, and a set of body condition parameters with the highest energy dissipation efficiency is selected for the actual construction of the inlet / outlet structure.

[0086] The arrangement method of the water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station of this embodiment has the same beneficial effects as the above-mentioned water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station relative to the prior art, and will not be described in detail here.

[0087] Optionally, when the water inlet / outlet structure is provided with a water storage forepool 5, the volume V of the water storage forepool 5 is calculated to meet the water volume requirement of the pumped storage generator set for 3 to 5 minutes, and the calculation formula is as follows:

[0088] V=(3~5)n*T*Q;

[0089] n is the number of pumped storage generator sets;

[0090] Q is the rated power generation flow of the pumped storage unit, in cubic meters per second (m 3 / s);

[0091] T is the shutdown time of the generator, in seconds (s).

[0092] Specifically, accurately designing the volume of the water storage forebay 5 can minimize the construction cost and the use cost of the water storage forebay 5 while still meeting the functional requirements.

[0093] Although the present invention is disclosed as above, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station, characterized in that: Used for water inlet / outlet between a pumped storage water inlet tower (10) and an upper reservoir (20) of a cascade reservoir power station, and comprising, from near to far, a water inlet / outlet (1), a rock sill (2), a slope bottom water channel (3), and an energy dissipation device (4); The bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet (1) is at the same elevation as the top surface of the foundation of the pumped storage water inlet tower (10), and the elevation of the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet (1) is located between the dead water level and the normal water level of the upper reservoir (20); The pumped storage dead water level of the pumped storage water intake tower (10) is higher than the dead water level of the upper reservoir (20) and lower than the normal water level of the upper reservoir (20); The top of the rock sill (2) is higher than the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet (1); The energy dissipation device (4) is located below the dead water level of the upper reservoir (20); The two ends of the slope bottom water channel (3) are respectively connected to the top of the rock step (2) and the energy dissipation device (4).

2. The water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elevation of the top of the rock sill (2) is consistent with the elevation of the dead water level of the pumped storage power generation of the pumped storage water intake tower (10).

3. The water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A water storage forepool (5) is provided between the water inlet / outlet (1) and the rock sill (2).

4. The water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The volume of the water storage forepool (5) is not less than the water storage capacity required for the pumped storage water intake tower (10) to fully discharge for 3 to 5 minutes.

5. The water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station according to claim 3, characterized in that: The water storage forepool (5) and the rock sill (2) are connected via a slope (6), and the water storage forepool (5) and the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet (1) are at the same elevation.

6. The water inlet / outlet structure of the pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: The energy dissipation device (4) is one of a scoop, a stilling pool or a stilling pier.

7. The water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: A diffusion angle (7) is formed between the side wall of the slope bottom water channel (3) and the axis of the slope bottom water channel (3).

8. The water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a water conveyance tunnel (8), which is used to connect the water inlet / outlet (1) and the lower reservoir of the cascade reservoir power station.

9. A method for arranging the water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station, characterized in that: The method for designing a water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises the following steps: Based on the corresponding relationship between the site topography and geological conditions, the drawdown depth D of the cascade reservoirs and the maximum head ratio S of the pumped storage intake tower (10), the operating water level for pumping and power generation of the pumped storage power station is proposed: D = normal water level of pumped storage power generation - dead water level of pumped storage power generation; S=maximum pumping head / minimum generating head; According to the operating water level, the elevation of the bottom plate of the water inlet / outlet (1) of the pumped storage power station is formulated, and the plane position of the water inlet / outlet (1) is formulated according to the bearing capacity of the foundation and the coordination factors of the hub layout; The top elevation of the rock sill (2) is determined according to the dead water level of the pumped storage power generation, and the slope ratio of the bottom plate of the slope bottom channel (3) is determined according to the construction requirements and stable operation requirements in the relevant specifications; A hydraulic model is established for experiments, different condition parameters are set, the energy dissipation efficiency of the model under different body condition parameters is compared, and a set of body condition parameters with the highest energy dissipation efficiency is selected for the actual construction of the inlet / outlet structure.

10. The method for arranging the water inlet / outlet structure of a pumped storage power station according to claim 9, characterized in that: When the water inlet / outlet structure is provided with a water storage forebay (5), the volume V of the water storage forebay (5) is calculated to meet the water volume requirement of the pumped storage generator set for 3 to 5 minutes, and the calculation formula is as follows: V=(3~5)n*T*Q; n is the number of pumped storage generator sets; Q is the rated power generation flow of the pumped storage unit, in cubic meters per second (m 3 / s); T is the shutdown time of the generator, in seconds (s).

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