A pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device

Abstract

The present application provides a pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device, which relates to the field of drilling technology. The device includes a sleeve and a transmission shaft, one end of the sleeve is used to connect to a drill rod; the first end of the transmission shaft is used to connect to a drill bit, the second end of the transmission shaft is inserted into a receiving cavity of the sleeve, and an air storage space is provided between the transmission shaft and the sleeve; a limiting portion is provided on the inner wall of the receiving cavity, and a limiting member is provided on the transmission shaft, and the limiting portion and the limiting member are used to limit the engagement when the air storage space is filled with gas; during drilling, the drill rod drives the sleeve to slide relative to the transmission shaft in a first direction to compress the inert gas in the air storage space, so that the transmission shaft continuously pushes the drill bit. With this arrangement, during drilling, the drill bit can be continuously pushed by gas pressure, thereby improving the matching degree between drilling speed and cutting efficiency, and preventing excessive gas from being filled into the air storage space, ensuring that the air pressure meets the requirements, and ensuring a dynamic balance between efficient cutting and rock wall reaction force.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of drilling technology, and in particular to a pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device. Background Art

[0002] Drilling is the engineering technique of drilling or sinking a well underground or into rock formations using mechanical equipment to obtain geological information, mineral resources, oil and gas resources, or to conduct engineering operations. Forward expansion drilling is a technique that simultaneously expands the borehole during the drilling process. This involves expanding the wellbore using reaming tools while the drill bit is drilling, thereby reducing the number of subsequent expansion operations and improving drilling efficiency. Forward expansion drilling is a key development direction for future intelligent drilling and is widely used in oil and gas drilling, geological exploration and scientific drilling, and mining and tunneling engineering.

[0003] Drilling equipment consists of a drill rig, drill pipe, and drill bit. The drill rig is connected to the drill bit through the drill pipe. During forward expansion drilling, the drill rig transmits propulsion force and torque to the drill bit through the drill pipe. The propulsion force keeps the drill bit in contact with the rock formation, providing sufficient cutting force. The torque causes the drill bit to rotate and cut the rock.

[0004] However, due to the large aspect ratio of the drill rod, the drill rod easily accumulates elastic potential energy; at the moment of rock breaking, the elastic potential energy of the drill rod is quickly released, resulting in a sudden drop in the contact force between the drill bit and the rock wall, which in turn leads to a high degree of mismatch between drilling speed and cutting efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device, which can limit the sliding stroke of the transmission shaft along the first direction during the process of inflating the air storage space, prevent excessive gas from being filled into the air storage space, and ensure that the air pressure in the air storage space meets the requirements; during the drilling process, the drill bit can be continuously pushed by relying on the gas pressure to offset the tendency of the drill bit to separate from the rock wall, thereby improving the matching degree between the drilling speed and the cutting efficiency, and the air pressure meets the requirements, ensuring the dynamic balance between efficient cutting and the reaction force of the rock wall.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present application provides a pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device, comprising:

[0008] A sleeve extending along a first direction, one end of the sleeve being connected to a drill rod, and the sleeve being provided with an accommodating cavity;

[0009] a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft extending along the first direction, the first end of the transmission shaft being connected to the drill bit, the second end of the transmission shaft being inserted into the accommodating cavity, the transmission shaft being slidably engaged with the sleeve, an air storage space being provided between the transmission shaft and the sleeve, and the air storage space being filled with an inert gas;

[0010] A limiting portion is provided on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, and a limiting member is provided on the transmission shaft. The limiting portion and the limiting member are configured to cooperate with each other in a limiting manner when the gas storage space is filled with gas, so as to limit the sliding stroke of the transmission shaft relative to the sleeve member along the first direction.

[0011] When the drill rod moves under the drive of the power device, the drill rod drives the sleeve to slide along the first direction relative to the transmission shaft to compress the inert gas in the gas storage space. Under the action of the gas pressure of the inert gas, the transmission shaft continuously pushes the drill bit to move along the first direction.

[0012] In some possible implementations, the inner wall of the accommodating cavity is provided with a shaft sleeve portion, and the transmission shaft is inserted into the shaft sleeve portion and slidingly and sealingly engaged with the shaft sleeve portion;

[0013] The limiting member surrounds the outer circumference of the transmission shaft, and the outer circumference of the limiting member is slidably sealed with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity. The sleeve portion, the limiting member and the limiting portion are distributed in sequence along the first direction, and the space between the sleeve portion and the limiting member is the air storage space.

[0014] In some possible implementations, the limiting member is fastened to the transmission shaft, and the limiting member is in sealing cooperation with the transmission shaft.

[0015] In some possible implementations, a first sealing ring is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the limiting member and the transmission shaft are sealed together through the first sealing ring;

[0016] An avoidance chamfer is provided at the end of the position-limiting member. When the position-limiting member is installed on the transmission shaft, the avoidance chamfer avoids the first sealing ring to prevent damage to the first sealing ring.

[0017] In some possible implementations, the limiting portion has a first limiting surface, and the limiting member has a second limiting surface. When the gas storage space is filled with gas, the first limiting surface of the limiting portion abuts and cooperates with the second limiting surface of the limiting member.

[0018] In some possible implementations, one of the transmission shaft and the sleeve is provided with a sliding key extending along the first direction, and the other of the transmission shaft and the sleeve is provided with a key slot extending along the first direction, and the sliding key and the key slot are in sliding fit;

[0019] During the sliding of the transmission shaft relative to the sleeve along the first direction, when the gas storage space is filled with gas and the matching length of the sliding key and the keyway reaches a threshold, the limiting portion and the limiting member are limitedly matched.

[0020] In some possible implementations, the sleeve is provided with a ventilation channel, one end of the ventilation channel is connected to the outside, and the other end of the ventilation channel is connected to the air storage space;

[0021] The ventilation channel is used to connect to the gas source. A one-way valve is provided in the ventilation channel. The one-way valve is used to open when the gas source fills the gas storage space with inert gas and prevent the inert gas in the gas storage space from being discharged from the ventilation channel.

[0022] In some possible implementations, the ventilation channel has a first section and a second section, a step surface is provided between the first section and the second section, the one-way valve is provided in the first section, and a set screw is detachably installed in the second section, and one end of the set screw presses against the step surface.

[0023] In some possible implementations, a ventilation gap is provided between one end of the ventilation channel and the transmission shaft, the ventilation gap is arranged in a circumferential direction of the transmission shaft, and the ventilation channel is connected to the air storage space through the ventilation gap.

[0024] In some possible implementations, the sleeve includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve, one end of the first sleeve is detachably connected to the second sleeve, and the other end of the first sleeve is used to connect to the drill rod.

[0025] It can be seen from the above technical solution that this application has at least the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device provided by the present application has the following characteristics: during the process of filling the gas storage space with inert gas, the drive shaft slides relative to the sleeve in a first direction; when the gas storage space is filled with inert gas and reaches a preset pressure, the limit member of the drive shaft cooperates with the limit portion of the sleeve to limit the sliding stroke of the drive shaft in the first direction, prevent excessive gas from being filled into the gas storage space, and ensure that the gas pressure in the gas storage space meets the requirements; during the drilling process, the drill rod drives the sleeve to slide relative to the drive shaft in the first direction, the volume of the gas storage space decreases, and the inert gas in the gas storage space is compressed. Under the action of the gas pressure of the inert gas, the drive shaft continuously pushes the drill bit, offsetting the tendency of the drill bit to separate from the rock wall, preventing the drill bit from drilling empty holes, improving the matching degree between drilling speed and cutting efficiency, and thereby improving drilling efficiency. In addition, the gas pressure in the gas storage space meets the requirements, preventing excessive gas pressure from causing imbalance in the cutting force of the drill bit on the rock, preventing chipping and drill sticking, thereby ensuring the cutting stability of the drill bit on the rock, and ensuring a dynamic balance between efficient cutting and the reaction force of the rock wall. At the same time, due to the limiting cooperation between the limiting member and the limiting portion, the transmission shaft and the sleeve member can be prevented from being separated.

[0027] It should be understood that the description of technical features, technical solutions, beneficial effects or similar language in this application does not imply that all features and advantages can be achieved in any single embodiment. On the contrary, it is understood that the description of a feature or beneficial effect means that a specific technical feature, technical solution or beneficial effect is included in at least one embodiment. Therefore, the description of a technical feature, technical solution or beneficial effect in this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the technical features, technical solutions and beneficial effects described in the present embodiment can also be combined in any appropriate manner. Those skilled in the art will understand that the embodiment can be implemented without one or more specific technical features, technical solutions or beneficial effects of a specific embodiment. In other embodiments, additional technical features and beneficial effects can also be identified in a specific embodiment without all embodiments being present. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device provided in the present application in a specific embodiment, wherein the air storage space is in an uninflated state;

[0029] Figure 2 for Figure 1 sectional view of , wherein the limiting member is in a first position in the accommodating cavity;

[0030] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device provided in the present application in a specific embodiment, wherein the air storage space is in an inflated state;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3sectional view of , wherein the limiting member is in the second position in the accommodating cavity;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of an explosion of a pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device provided in this application in a specific embodiment;

[0033] Figure 6 for Figure 2 The enlarged view of point I in the middle;

[0034] Figure 7 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of point II in the middle.

[0035] Figure markings: 10-sleeve; 11-limiting portion; 12-sleeve portion; 13-keyway; 14-ventilation channel; 141-first section; 142-second section; 143-step surface; 15-ventilation gap; 161-first sleeve; 162-second sleeve; 20-transmission shaft; 21-first end; 22-second end; 23-sliding key; 24-second abutting portion; 25-annular limiting protrusion; 30-limiting member; 31-avoidance chamfer; 32-first abutting portion; 40-air storage space; 51-first sealing ring; 52-second sealing ring; 53-third sealing ring; X-first direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] The terms "first", "second" and "third" in this application specification and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish different objects rather than to limit a specific order.

[0037] In the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be interpreted as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner.

[0038] To make the description of the following embodiments clear and concise, a brief introduction to the related technologies is first given:

[0039] Drilling is the engineering technique of drilling holes or sinking wells underground or into rock formations using mechanical equipment. The goal is to obtain geological information, mineral resources, oil and gas resources, or to perform engineering operations. Forward expansion drilling, a technique that simultaneously expands the hole during drilling, is widely used in oil and gas drilling, geological exploration and scientific drilling, and mining and tunneling engineering.

[0040] Drilling equipment consists of a drill rig, drill pipe, and drill bit. The drill rig is connected to the drill bit through the drill pipe. During forward expansion drilling, the drill rig transmits propulsion force and torque to the drill bit through the drill pipe. The propulsion force keeps the drill bit in contact with the rock formation, providing sufficient cutting force. The torque causes the drill bit to rotate and cut the rock.

[0041] However, due to the large aspect ratio of the drill rod, the drill rod easily accumulates elastic potential energy; at the moment of rock breaking, the elastic potential energy of the drill rod is quickly released, resulting in a sudden drop in the contact force between the drill bit and the rock wall, which in turn leads to a high degree of mismatch between drilling speed and cutting efficiency.

[0042] In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device. During the process of filling the gas storage space with inert gas, the drive shaft slides relative to the sleeve in a first direction. When the gas storage space is filled with inert gas and reaches a preset pressure, the limiter of the drive shaft cooperates with the limiter of the sleeve to limit the sliding stroke of the drive shaft in the first direction, thereby preventing excessive gas from being filled into the gas storage space and ensuring that the gas pressure in the gas storage space meets the requirements. During the drilling process, the drill rod drives the sleeve to slide relative to the drive shaft in the first direction, reducing the volume of the gas storage space to compress the inert gas in the gas storage space. Under the action of the gas pressure of the inert gas, the drive shaft continuously pushes the drill bit, offsetting the tendency of the drill bit to separate from the rock wall, preventing the drill bit from drilling empty holes, improving the matching degree between drilling speed and cutting efficiency, and thereby improving drilling efficiency. In addition, the gas pressure in the gas storage space meets the requirements, preventing excessive gas pressure from causing an imbalance in the cutting force of the drill bit on the rock, preventing chipping and drill sticking, thereby ensuring the cutting stability of the drill bit on the rock and ensuring a dynamic balance between efficient cutting and the reaction force of the rock wall.

[0043] At the same time, due to the limiting cooperation between the limiting member and the limiting portion, the transmission shaft and the sleeve member can be prevented from being separated.

[0044] The following describes the pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device provided in the embodiment of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

[0045] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device includes a socket 10 and a transmission shaft 20. The socket 10 extends along the first direction X, one end of the socket 10 is used to connect with the drill rod, and the socket 10 is provided with an accommodating cavity; the transmission shaft 20 extends along the first direction X, the first end 21 of the transmission shaft 20 is used to connect with the drill bit, and the second end 22 of the transmission shaft 20 is inserted into the accommodating cavity. The transmission shaft 20 and the socket 10 are slidably matched, and an air storage space 40 is provided between the transmission shaft 20 and the socket 10, and the air storage space 40 is filled with inert gas.

[0046] Among them, a limiting portion 11 is provided on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, and a limiting member 30 is provided on the transmission shaft 20. The limiting portion 11 and the limiting member 30 are used to cooperate in a limiting manner when the gas storage space 40 is filled with gas, so as to limit the sliding stroke of the transmission shaft 20 relative to the socket 10 along the first direction X.

[0047] When the drill rod moves under the drive of the power device, the drill rod drives the sleeve 10 to slide relative to the transmission shaft 20 along the first direction X to compress the inert gas in the gas storage space 40. Under the action of the gas pressure of the inert gas, the transmission shaft 20 continuously pushes the drill bit to move along the first direction X.

[0048] like Figure 1-2 As shown, a ventilation channel 14 is provided on the sleeve 10 , one end of the ventilation channel 14 is connected to the gas storage space 40 , and the other end of the ventilation channel 14 is used to be connected to a gas source to fill the gas storage space 40 with inert gas.

[0049] like Figure 2 As shown, when the gas storage space 40 is not filled with inert gas, the limiting member 30 on the transmission shaft 20 is located in the first position in the accommodating cavity of the sleeve 10 .

[0050] During the process of filling the gas storage space 40 with inert gas, the transmission shaft 20 is pushed to slide relative to the sleeve 10 along the first direction X under the action of the inert gas pressure, and the limit member 30 moves along the first direction X following the transmission shaft 20; when the gas storage space 40 is filled with gas and reaches the preset pressure, Figure 4 As shown, the limiting member 30 on the transmission shaft 20 is located in the second position in the accommodating cavity, and the limiting member 30 on the transmission shaft 20 is limitedly matched with the limiting portion 11 in the accommodating cavity of the socket 10, and the transmission shaft 20 stops sliding along the first direction X. At this time, the air storage space 40 can no longer be filled with inert gas, and the pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device is in a waiting state.

[0051] The pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drill device in the working state is installed between the drill rod and the drill bit. During drilling, the drill bit is pressed against the rock wall, and the power device provides propulsion and torque to the drill rod, which is then transmitted to the drill bit through the pneumatic buffering device, causing the drill bit to exert force on the rock wall.

[0052] Under the action of the propulsion force, the drill rod drives the sleeve 10 to slide relative to the transmission shaft 20 along the first direction X, and the volume of the air storage space 40 is reduced to compress the inert gas in the air storage space 40. The inert gas expands to generate thrust, which continuously pushes the transmission shaft 20, so that the transmission shaft 20 continuously pushes the drill bit, offsets the tendency of the drill bit to separate from the rock wall, prevents the drill bit from drilling empty, reduces the drill bit slip rate, improves the matching degree between the drilling speed and the cutting efficiency, and thus improves the drilling efficiency. Moreover, the air pressure in the air storage space 40 meets the requirements, preventing the air pressure from being too high, resulting in an imbalance in the cutting force of the drill bit on the rock wall, preventing chipping and drill sticking, and thus ensuring the cutting stability of the drill bit on the rock wall, and ensuring the dynamic balance between efficient cutting and the reaction force of the rock wall.

[0053] Moreover, during the process of the transmission shaft 20 sliding relative to the socket 10 along the first direction X, when the sliding stroke of the transmission shaft 20 reaches the maximum, the limit member 30 and the limit part 11 are engaged, and the transmission shaft 20 stops sliding along the first direction X, preventing the transmission shaft 20 from detaching from the socket 10, thereby ensuring construction safety.

[0054] like Figure 3-4 As shown, the first end 21 of the transmission shaft 20 is provided with an annular limiting protrusion 25. When the socket 10 slides relative to the transmission shaft 20 along the first direction X, the annular limiting protrusion 25 is used to cooperate with the socket 10 to limit the sliding stroke of the socket 10 relative to the transmission shaft 20 along the first direction X, thereby preventing the socket 10 from separating from the transmission shaft 20 and ensuring construction safety.

[0055] Specifically, the use of this pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drill device in drilling operations can reduce the drill bit's sticking rate from 15% to 3%, or even lower; and increase the average drilling efficiency by 35%, or even higher. Furthermore, by continuously pushing the drill bit through compressed inert gas, compared to pushing the drill bit through a hydraulic or electric system, it avoids the risk of leakage and the difficulty in meeting coal mine explosion-proof requirements with electricity usage, and can reduce maintenance costs by 57%, or even lower.

[0056] In a specific embodiment, Figure 2 、 Figure 7 As shown, the inner wall of the accommodating cavity is provided with a shaft sleeve portion 12, the transmission shaft 20 is inserted into the shaft sleeve portion 12, and is slidingly sealed with the shaft sleeve portion 12; the limiting member 30 surrounds the outer periphery of the transmission shaft 20, and the outer periphery of the limiting member 30 is slidingly sealed with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, the shaft sleeve portion 12, the limiting member 30 and the limiting portion 11 are distributed in sequence along the first direction X, and the space between the shaft sleeve portion 12 and the limiting member 30 is the air storage space 40.

[0057] like Figure 2 As shown, the transmission shaft 20 is inserted into the shaft sleeve portion 12, and the transmission shaft 20 can move relative to the shaft sleeve portion 12. Figure 2 Horizontal sliding in Figure 7 As shown, a second sealing ring 52 is provided between the sleeve portion 12 and the transmission shaft 20. The sleeve portion 12 and the transmission shaft 20 are sealed together through the second sealing ring 52. The second sealing ring 52 is a dynamic sealing ring, which ensures the sealing of the mutual cooperation position of the transmission shaft 20 and the sleeve portion 12 during the relative sliding process, thereby ensuring the sealing of the air storage space 40.

[0058] like Figure 2 As shown, when the transmission shaft 20 is in the sleeve 10 along Figure 2 When the transmission shaft 20 slides in the horizontal direction, the limiting member 30 is driven by the transmission shaft 20 to move along the accommodating cavity of the sleeve 10. Figure 2 Slide horizontally as shown; Figure 6 As shown, a third sealing ring 53 is provided between the limit member 30 and the inner wall of the accommodating chamber. The limit member 30 and the inner wall of the accommodating chamber are sealed together through the third sealing ring 53. The third sealing ring 53 is a dynamic sealing ring, which ensures the sealing of the position of the limit member 30 and the two in the process of sliding in the accommodating chamber, thereby ensuring the sealing of the air storage space 40.

[0059] During the process of inflating the air storage space 40, the limit member 30 slides in a direction away from the shaft sleeve portion 12 under the action of air pressure; when the air storage space 40 is filled with gas, the limit member 30 and the limit portion 11 are limited and cooperated, and the limit member 30 stops sliding.

[0060] In this embodiment, the limit member 30 is in sliding and sealing cooperation with the accommodating cavity of the socket member 10, the transmission shaft 20 is in sliding and sealing cooperation with the shaft sleeve portion 12, and the limit member 30 and the shaft sleeve portion 12 are separated in the accommodating cavity to form an air storage space 40; the limit member 30 slides in a direction away from the shaft sleeve portion 12, and the air storage space 40 increases, and the limit member 30 slides in a direction close to the shaft sleeve portion 12, and the air storage space 40 decreases; the limit member 30 realizes the sealing of one end of the air storage space 40, and the movement of the limit member 30 in the accommodating cavity can adjust the air pressure in the air storage space 40. When the limit member 30 is in limiting cooperation with the limiting portion 11 in the socket member 10, it can more accurately prevent excessive gas from being filled.

[0061] Specifically, the limiting member 30 is fastened to the transmission shaft 20 , and the limiting member 30 and the transmission shaft 20 are sealed together.

[0062] In a specific embodiment, the limit member 30 is provided with an internal threaded hole, and the transmission shaft 20 is provided with an external thread. The limit member 30 is screwed onto the transmission shaft 20, and the two are connected by threads; the limit member 30 and the transmission shaft 20 are sealed together to prevent the gas in the gas storage space 40 from leaking from the threaded connection, thereby ensuring sealing.

[0063] like Figure 6As shown, a first sealing ring 51 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 20, and the limiting member 30 and the transmission shaft 20 are sealed together through the first sealing ring 51; an avoidance chamfer 31 is provided at the end of the limiting member 30, and when the limiting member 30 is installed on the transmission shaft 20, the avoidance chamfer 31 avoids the first sealing ring 51 to prevent damage to the first sealing ring 51.

[0064] like Figure 6 As shown, an avoidance chamfer 31 is provided on one end of the limiting member 30 facing the limiting portion 11 , and the avoidance chamfer 31 is located on the side of the limiting member 30 facing the transmission shaft 20 .

[0065] When the limit member 30 is sleeved on the drive shaft 20 and the limit member 30 is screwed to the corresponding position of the drive shaft 20, the setting of the avoidance chamfer 31 makes it easier to screw on the drive shaft 20, which can improve the assembly efficiency; and in the process of the limit member 30 being installed on the drive shaft 20, the avoidance chamfer 31 avoids the first sealing ring 51 to prevent damage to the first sealing ring 51, thereby ensuring the sealing between the limit member 30 and the drive shaft 20 and preventing the gas in the gas storage space 40 from leaking from the connection between the limit member 30 and the drive shaft 20.

[0066] like Figure 6 As shown, the limit member 30 is provided with a first abutment portion 32, and the transmission shaft 20 is provided with a second abutment portion 24. When the limit member 30 and the transmission shaft 20 are threaded into place, the first abutment portion 32 and the second abutment portion 24 abut against each other, and the limit member 30 stops being screwed on the transmission shaft 20, preventing the thread from being excessively stressed and causing slippage, deformation, etc.

[0067] One end of the limiting member 30 is provided with an inner hexagonal connecting hole. Use an inner hexagonal wrench to match the inner hexagonal connecting hole of the limiting member 30 to screw the limiting member 30 to the corresponding position of the transmission shaft 20, which is easy to operate.

[0068] In a specific embodiment, the limiting portion 11 has a first limiting surface, and the limiting member 30 has a second limiting surface. When the gas storage space 40 is filled with gas, the first limiting surface of the limiting portion 11 abuts against the second limiting surface of the limiting member 30.

[0069] In this embodiment, the first limiting surface of the limiting portion 11 abuts and cooperates with the second limiting surface of the limiting member 30 to form a rigid mechanical stop, and the limiting reliability is high.

[0070] Specifically, the limiting portion 11 is an annular limiting portion 11 extending circumferentially along the inner wall of the accommodating cavity; the limiting member 30 is an annular limiting member 30, and the annular limiting member 30 surrounds the outer circumference of the transmission shaft 20; the first limiting surface is arranged on the side of the annular limiting portion 11 facing the annular limiting member 30, and the second limiting surface is arranged on the side of the annular limiting member 30 facing the annular limiting portion 11.

[0071] In this embodiment, the first limiting surface is annular, and the second limiting surface is annular. An annular contact surface is formed at the abutment point between the first limiting surface and the second limiting surface, so that the limiting force is evenly distributed along the circumference, avoiding deflection or jamming of the transmission shaft 20 caused by unilateral force, and ensuring smooth sliding.

[0072] In a specific embodiment, one of the transmission shaft 20 and the socket 10 is provided with a sliding key 23 extending along the first direction X, and the other of the transmission shaft 20 and the socket 10 is provided with a key slot 13 extending along the first direction X, and the sliding key 23 and the key slot 13 are slidably matched; in the process of the transmission shaft 20 sliding relative to the socket 10 along the first direction X, when the gas storage space 40 is filled with gas and the matching length of the sliding key 23 and the key slot 13 reaches a threshold value, the limit portion 11 is limitedly matched with the limit member 30.

[0073] like Figure 5 As shown, a sliding key 23 is provided on the transmission shaft 20, and a keyway 13 is provided in the accommodating cavity of the socket 10. The sliding key 23 and the keyway 13 slide together, which not only realizes the axial relative sliding between the transmission shaft 20 and the socket 10, but also transmits the torque, so that the propulsion force and torque on the drill rod are transmitted to the drill bit through the pneumatic buffer device.

[0074] In other embodiments, a keyway 13 is provided on the transmission shaft 20 , and a sliding key 23 is provided on the socket 10 .

[0075] During the relative sliding of the transmission shaft 20 and the socket 10, the fitting length of the sliding key 23 and the key slot 13 will decrease; in order to meet the requirements of torque transmission, it is necessary to set the minimum fitting length of the sliding key 23 and the key slot 13, and the minimum fitting length is the threshold of the fitting length of the sliding key 23 and the key slot 13.

[0076] During the process of filling the air storage space 40 with inert gas, under the action of air pressure, the transmission shaft 20 slides relative to the socket 10 along the first direction X, the fitting length of the sliding key 23 and the key slot 13 gradually decreases, and the volume of the air storage space 40 gradually increases; when the air storage space 40 is filled with gas and the fitting length of the sliding key 23 and the key slot 13 reaches a threshold value, the limit portion 11 and the limit member 30 are fitted, and the transmission shaft 20 stops sliding along the first direction X. At this time, the air pressure in the air storage space 40 meets the requirements, and the fitting length of the sliding key 23 and the key slot 13 meets the requirements for transmitting torque.

[0077] Specifically, a plurality of sliding keys 23 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the transmission shaft 20, and the plurality of sliding keys 23 form a spline; a plurality of key grooves 13 are evenly arranged along the circumference of the socket 10, and the plurality of key grooves 13 form a spline groove 13; the splines and the spline grooves 13 slide together, which can transmit greater torque and rotational power, and maintain a high coaxiality between the transmission shaft 20 and the socket 10, reducing eccentricity or vibration.

[0078] like Figure 1 、 Figure 7 As shown, a ventilation channel 14 is provided on one side of the sleeve 10. When filling the gas storage space 40 with inert gas, an air inlet nozzle is installed at the end of the ventilation channel 14 away from the gas storage space 40, and the gas source is introduced into the gas storage space 40 through the air inlet nozzle. Since the ventilation channel 14 is provided on one side of the sleeve 10, there is no interference from other parts when installing or removing the air inlet nozzle, and the operating space is larger, making it easier to install or remove the air inlet nozzle.

[0079] Specifically, a one-way valve is provided in the ventilation channel 14 , and the one-way valve is used to open when the gas source fills the gas storage space 40 with inert gas, and prevent the inert gas in the gas storage space 40 from being discharged from the ventilation channel 14 .

[0080] In this embodiment, the one-way valve opens only when the gas source inflates the gas storage space 40, allowing inert gas to enter the gas storage space 40 while preventing gas from leaking back, thereby ensuring inflation efficiency; the one-way valve automatically closes after inflation is completed, blocking the inert gas in the gas storage space 40 from leaking out through the ventilation channel 14, thereby maintaining the pressure environment of the gas storage space 40 for a long time.

[0081] The one-way valve is detachably installed in the ventilation channel 14 . When the gas in the gas storage space 40 needs to be discharged, the one-way valve can be removed from the ventilation channel 14 .

[0082] like Figure 7 As shown, the ventilation channel 14 has a first section 141 and a second section 142, a step surface 143 is provided between the first section 141 and the second section 142, a one-way valve is provided in the first section 141, and a set screw is detachably installed in the second section 142, one end of the set screw presses against the step surface 143.

[0083] In the ventilation channel 14, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second section 142 is larger than that of the first section 141, and a step surface 143 is provided between the second section 142 and the first section 141; when inflating the air storage space 40, the air inlet nozzle is installed in the second section 142; after the inflation is completed, the air inlet nozzle is removed, and the set screw is screwed into the second section 142, with one end of the set screw against the step surface 143.

[0084] While the one-way valve seals the first section 141 of the ventilation channel 14 , the set screw provides auxiliary sealing for the second section 142 , thereby enhancing the overall sealing performance of the ventilation channel 14 .

[0085] In a specific embodiment, a ventilation gap 15 is provided between one end of the ventilation channel 14 and the transmission shaft 20 . The ventilation gap 15 is arranged around the circumference of the transmission shaft 20 . The ventilation channel 14 is connected to the air storage space 40 through the ventilation gap 15 .

[0086] like Figure 7 As shown, a spaced area spaced apart from the transmission shaft 20 is provided on one side of the sleeve portion 12 ; one end of the ventilation channel 14 passes through the sleeve portion 12 and communicates with the spaced area, and the spaced area forms a ventilation gap 15 .

[0087] like Figure 1-5 As shown, the sleeve 10 includes a first sleeve 161 and a second sleeve 162 . One end of the first sleeve 161 is detachably connected to the second sleeve 162 , and the other end of the first sleeve 161 is used to connect to the drill rod.

[0088] In this embodiment, the first sleeve 161 and the second sleeve 162 are connected to form the socket 10. The first sleeve 161 and the second sleeve 162 are manufactured separately, which reduces the manufacturing difficulty caused by the long overall length of the socket 10.

[0089] Specifically, one end of the first sleeve 161 extends into the second sleeve 162 , and the two are connected by a tapered thread, thereby achieving a sealing effect at the connection without the need for a separate sealing component.

[0090] The above description is only a specific implementation method of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device, characterized in that: include: A sleeve extending along a first direction, one end of the sleeve being connected to a drill rod, and the sleeve being provided with an accommodating cavity; a transmission shaft, the transmission shaft extending along the first direction, the first end of the transmission shaft being connected to the drill bit, the second end of the transmission shaft being inserted into the accommodating cavity, the transmission shaft being slidably engaged with the sleeve, an air storage space being provided between the transmission shaft and the sleeve, and the air storage space being filled with an inert gas; A limiting portion is provided on the inner wall of the accommodating cavity, and a limiting member is provided on the transmission shaft. The limiting portion and the limiting member are configured to cooperate with each other in a limiting manner when the gas storage space is filled with gas, so as to limit the sliding stroke of the transmission shaft relative to the sleeve member along the first direction. When the drill rod is driven by the power device to move, the drill rod drives the sleeve to slide relative to the transmission shaft in the first direction to compress the inert gas in the gas storage space. Under the action of the gas pressure of the inert gas, the transmission shaft continuously pushes the drill bit to move in the first direction. The inner wall of the accommodating cavity is provided with a shaft sleeve portion, and the transmission shaft is inserted into the shaft sleeve portion and slidingly and sealingly matched with the shaft sleeve portion; The limiting member surrounds the outer circumference of the transmission shaft, and the outer circumference of the limiting member is in sliding and sealing cooperation with the inner wall of the accommodating cavity. The shaft sleeve portion, the limiting member, and the limiting portion are sequentially distributed along the first direction, and the space between the shaft sleeve portion and the limiting member is the air storage space; The limiting portion has a first limiting surface, and the limiting member has a second limiting surface. When the gas storage space is filled with gas, the first limiting surface of the limiting portion abuts and cooperates with the second limiting surface of the limiting member. The sleeve is provided with a ventilation channel, one end of which is connected to the outside world, and the other end of which is connected to the air storage space; The ventilation channel is used to connect to the gas source, and a one-way valve is provided in the ventilation channel. The one-way valve is used to open when the gas source fills the gas storage space with inert gas and prevent the inert gas in the gas storage space from being discharged from the ventilation channel; The sleeve connector includes a first sleeve and a second sleeve, one end of the first sleeve is detachably connected to the second sleeve, and the other end of the first sleeve is used to connect to the drill rod; During the process of filling the gas storage space with inert gas, under the action of the gas pressure of the inert gas, the transmission shaft is pushed to slide relative to the sleeve member in the first direction, and the limit member moves along the first direction with the transmission shaft; when the gas storage space is filled with gas and reaches a preset gas pressure, the limit member on the transmission shaft is located in the second position in the accommodating cavity, and the limit member on the transmission shaft is limitedly engaged with the limit portion in the accommodating cavity of the sleeve member, and the transmission shaft stops sliding in the first direction. At this time, the gas storage space can no longer be filled with inert gas, and the pneumatic buffer drilling stabilization device is in a standby state; The pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drill device in a standby state is installed between the drill rod and the drill bit. During drilling, the drill bit presses against the rock wall, and the power device provides propulsion and torque to the drill rod. The propulsion and torque are then transmitted to the drill bit through the pneumatic buffering device, causing the drill bit to exert force on the rock wall. Under the action of the propulsion force, the drill rod drives the sleeve to slide in the first direction relative to the transmission shaft, and the volume of the gas storage space is reduced to compress the inert gas in the gas storage space. The inert gas expands to generate thrust, which continuously pushes the transmission shaft, so that the transmission shaft continuously pushes the drill bit, offsetting the tendency of the drill bit to separate from the rock wall, preventing the drill bit from drilling empty, reducing the drill bit slip rate, and improving the matching degree between the drilling speed and cutting efficiency, thereby improving the drilling efficiency. Moreover, the air pressure in the gas storage space meets the requirements, preventing the air pressure from being too high, resulting in an imbalance in the cutting force of the drill bit on the rock wall, preventing chipping and drill sticking, thereby ensuring the cutting stability of the drill bit on the rock wall, and ensuring the dynamic balance between the cutting and rock wall reaction forces.

2. The pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting member is fastened to the transmission shaft, and the limiting member is in sealing cooperation with the transmission shaft.

3. The pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first sealing ring is sleeved on the transmission shaft, and the limiting member and the transmission shaft are sealed together through the first sealing ring; An avoidance chamfer is provided at the end of the position-limiting member. When the position-limiting member is installed on the transmission shaft, the avoidance chamfer avoids the first sealing ring to prevent damage to the first sealing ring.

4. The pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One of the transmission shaft and the sleeve is provided with a sliding key extending along the first direction, and the other of the transmission shaft and the sleeve is provided with a key slot extending along the first direction, and the sliding key and the key slot are in sliding fit; During the sliding of the transmission shaft relative to the sleeve along the first direction, when the gas storage space is filled with gas and the matching length of the sliding key and the keyway reaches a threshold, the limiting portion and the limiting member are limitedly matched.

5. The pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ventilation channel has a first section and a second section, a step surface is provided between the first section and the second section, the one-way valve is provided in the first section, and a set screw is detachably installed in the second section, and one end of the set screw presses against the step surface.

6. The pneumatic buffering and stabilizing drilling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A ventilation gap is provided between one end of the ventilation channel and the transmission shaft. The ventilation gap is arranged in a circumferential direction of the transmission shaft. The ventilation channel is communicated with the air storage space through the ventilation gap.

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