Telescopic grouting pipe-bag-electrode system and use method

Abstract

The invention discloses a telescopic grouting pipe-bag-electrode system and a using method, and belongs to the technical field of underground geotechnical engineering and tunnel engineering. The system comprises a grouting pipe, the grouting pipe is in a hollow cylinder shape and comprises a grouting pipe tail section, a grouting pipe middle section and a grouting pipe top section which are fixedly connected in sequence, and a grouting hole is formed in the grouting pipe middle section; the sliding mechanism is arranged on the tail section of the grouting pipe in a sleeving mode and can slide in the axis direction of the tail section of the grouting pipe; the grouting pipe is sleeved with the silicone rubber bag, one end of the silicone rubber bag is fixed to the top section of the grouting pipe, and the other end of the silicone rubber bag is fixed to the sliding mechanism to drive the silicone rubber bag to stretch out and draw back through the sliding mechanism; and the carbon fiber cloth electrode is attached to the outer side surface of the silicon rubber bag. According to the method, the bag expansion-electroosmosis method technology is combined, the reinforcing effect of the soft soil layer is improved, and foundation settlement is effectively controlled; and a sliding mechanism is further arranged, so that the installation problem caused by the fact that the diameter of a reserved grouting hole of the tunnel segment is small in the original reinforcement technology is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of underground geotechnical engineering and tunnel engineering, and particularly relates to a telescopic grouting pipe - bladder - electrode system and a using method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Grouting reinforcement is a commonly used technique for controlling foundation settlement and is widely applied in scenarios such as settlement control of shield tunnel structures. However, traditional grouting techniques still have the following technical difficulties in soft clay strata: (1) The fluidity of the grout is uncontrollable. Excessive grouting pressure is likely to cause formation fracturing and disordered diffusion of the grout, thereby reducing the efficiency of foundation settlement control; (2) The dissipation of excess pore pressure is slow. Grouting expansion disturbs the formation and generates excess pore pressure. After grouting, the continuous dissipation of excess pore pressure causes re - settlement of the foundation, resulting in repeated foundation deformation; (3) The effect of foundation reinforcement is insufficient. The diffusion of grout in low - permeability soft clay strata is limited, and it fails to effectively compact, but may instead cause relatively large shear strain and structural damage, with limited improvement in soil mechanical properties.

[0003] Therefore, the bladder expansion - electro - osmosis method is proposed to achieve more efficient soft soil reinforcement. Through the restraint of the bladder, the ultra - long slow - setting grout forms a stable and controllable cylindrical structure, effectively preventing the disordered diffusion of the grout. After the electrodes are energized, the electro - osmosis effect promotes the flow of water from the anode to the cathode, reduces the water content of the soil, helps dissipate the excess pore pressure and reinforce the soil. At the same time, the expansion of the bladder can squeeze the soil to make up for the settlement caused by electro - osmotic drainage, thereby improving the reinforcement efficiency and reducing formation deformation.

[0004] In addition, in actual construction, the existing bladder expansion reinforcement technology often faces the problems of a relatively small diameter of the reserved grouting holes in tunnel segments and a relatively large initial diameter of the bladder and electrode system in the grouting section. It is necessary to develop a system and operation method that can reduce the installation diameter while ensuring the expansion amount of the bladder to ensure the simplicity of system installation and avoid damage to the tunnel structure. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a telescopic grouting pipe - bladder - electrode system, which combines the "bladder expansion - electro - osmosis method" technology, aiming to improve the reinforcement effect of soft soil layers and effectively control foundation settlement; in addition, by setting a sliding mechanism, it solves the installation problem caused by the relatively small diameter of the reserved grouting holes in tunnel segments in the original reinforcement technology.

[0006] To solve the above - mentioned technical problems, the present invention is implemented as follows: The embodiments of the present invention provide a telescopic grouting pipe - bladder - electrode system, including: A grouting pipe, the grouting pipe is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, including a grouting pipe tail section, a grouting pipe middle section, and a grouting pipe top section that are fixedly connected in sequence, and the grouting pipe middle section is provided with grouting holes; A sliding mechanism is sleeved on the tail section of the grouting pipe and can slide along the axial direction of the tail section of the grouting pipe; A silicone rubber bladder is sleeved on the grouting pipe, with one end fixed to the top section of the grouting pipe and the other end fixed to the sliding mechanism to drive the telescopic movement of the silicone rubber bladder through the sliding mechanism. The silicone rubber bladder is used for injecting extra-long setting-retarding slurry; A carbon fiber cloth electrode is attached to the outer surface of the silicone rubber bladder.

[0007] Optionally, the tail section of the grouting pipe and the middle section of the grouting pipe, as well as the middle section of the grouting pipe and the top section of the grouting pipe, are fixedly connected by threads.

[0008] Optionally, the tail section of the grouting pipe is provided with an iron core pipe communicating with the middle section of the grouting pipe. One end of the iron core pipe is connected to a soft core pipe through a conversion joint, and the other end of the soft core pipe is connected to a grouting pump.

[0009] Optionally, the sliding mechanism includes a sleeve sleeved on the tail section of the grouting pipe, a grouting pipe hoop for fixing the sleeve on the tail section of the grouting pipe, a vertical waterproof gasket arranged between the sleeve and the tail section of the grouting pipe, a bladder hoop for fixing the silicone rubber bladder on the sleeve, an expansion bolt for fixing the sliding mechanism to the tunnel lining, a metal gasket arranged between the expansion bolt and the sleeve, and a horizontal waterproof gasket arranged between the sleeve and the tunnel lining.

[0010] Optionally, one end of the carbon fiber cloth electrode is fixed to the top section of the grouting pipe through a bladder hoop, and the other end is fixed to the sliding mechanism through a bladder hoop; the carbon fiber cloth electrode is woven from multiple layers of intertwined carbon fiber cloth.

[0011] Optionally, the extra-long setting-retarding slurry is prepared by the following method: Provide water, cement, bentonite, and fly ash, and mix them in a mass ratio of 10:5:3:3 to obtain a mixture; Add 0.45%-0.60% of carboxyethylidene diphosphonic acid based on the mass of the mixture as a setting retarder to the mixture, and mix evenly to obtain the extra-long setting-retarding slurry.

[0012] The present invention also provides a method for using the telescopic grouting pipe-bladder-electrode system, including the following steps: Step S1, assemble the telescopic grouting pipe-bladder-electrode system, specifically including the following steps: Step S11, connect the top section of the grouting pipe, the middle section of the grouting pipe, and the tail section of the grouting pipe by threads, and sleeve the sliding mechanism; Step S12: Move the sliding mechanism to a proper position according to the preset length of the installation section of the silicone rubber bladder, and tighten the grouting pipe hoop to fix the sliding mechanism. Step S13: Put on the silicone rubber bladder, and use the bladder hoop to tighten one end of the silicone rubber bladder to the top section of the grouting pipe and the other end to the sliding mechanism respectively. Step S14: Cut the carbon fiber cloth electrode into sections and connect it to the wire. Fix both ends of the carbon fiber cloth electrode to the top section of the grouting pipe and the sliding mechanism through the bladder hoop respectively, and fold the middle part and attach it to the outer surface of the silicone rubber bladder. Step S15: Connect the wire connecting the carbon fiber cloth electrode to the power supply through the reserved wire outlet pipeline and the reserved hole; connect the iron core pipe to one end of the soft core pipe through the adapter, and connect the other end of the soft core pipe to the grouting pump. Step S2: Install the telescopic grouting pipe - bladder - electrode system, and the specific steps are as follows: Step S21: Use a drill rig to form a hole and put the grouting pipe into the predetermined grouting hole, or use a penetration device to press the grouting pipe into the predetermined grouting hole. Step S22: Fix the sliding mechanism on the tunnel lining through expansion bolts. Step S23: Loosen the grouting pipe hoop, pull out a certain length of the grouting pipe upward, adjust the installation section of the silicone rubber bladder to the preset length, and then tighten the grouting pipe hoop again for fixation. Step S24: Inject the ultra-long setting retarder slurry through the grouting hole, and monitor the grouting pressure, grouting speed and grouting volume in real time. Step S25: Turn on the power supply for electroosmosis while grouting, and monitor the power supply voltage and current in real time.

[0013] Optionally, in Step S14, use water-soluble tape to fix the carbon fiber cloth electrode segments on the outer surface of the silicone rubber bladder.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: (1) Significantly improve the foundation reinforcement effect: By combining the silicone rubber bladder and the carbon fiber cloth electrode to form an integrated grouting system, it can not only achieve grouting expansion but also effectively promote electroosmotic drainage of the soil. The dual effects of bladder expansion and electroosmotic drainage accelerate the dissipation of excess pore pressure and compact the soil layer, greatly improving the foundation reinforcement effect. In addition, the foundation settlement and uplift caused by electroosmotic drainage and bladder expansion offset each other, reducing the foundation deformation, thereby achieving the effect of micro-disturbance reinforcement.

[0015] (2) Optimize the construction process and reduce the installation difficulty: By adopting the sliding mechanism design, the diameter of the grouting pipe - bladder - electrode combination is smaller when not expanded, which is convenient for installation. At the same time, it can reach the required diameter after expansion. This design effectively reduces the construction difficulty, avoids the damage of the tunnel lining, and ensures the stability of the system.

[0016] (3) Enhance the operation flexibility and durability of the system: By using ultra-long setting-retarding slurry, the operation time during the expansion of the bladder and electroosmotic drainage is extended, avoiding the problems of premature slurry solidification and pipe blockage, and increasing the flexibility of the construction process. At the same time, the combination of silicone rubber bladder and inert carbon fiber electrode effectively avoids the damage of the bladder due to friction or sharp objects during the construction process, enhancing the stability and durability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings, where: Figure 1 is the overall structural schematic diagram of the telescopic grouting pipe - bladder - electrode system provided by the present invention; Figure 2 is Figure 1 the structural schematic diagram of the telescopic grouting pipe - bladder - electrode system after grouting as shown; Figure 3 is the structural schematic diagram of the sliding mechanism provided by the present invention; Figure 4 is the state diagram of the grouting pipe hoop locked by the present invention; Figure 5 is the state diagram of the carbon fiber cloth electrode cracked by the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0019] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the description and claims of the present invention are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances, so that the embodiments of the present invention can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are generally of the same category, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the description and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / ", generally represents an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a telescopic grouting pipe-sac-electric electrode system, including a grouting pipe 1, a sliding mechanism 2, a silicone rubber sac 3, and a carbon fiber cloth electrode 4.

[0021] The grouting pipe 1 is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, and includes a grouting pipe tail section 11, a grouting pipe middle section 12, and a grouting pipe top section 13 that are fixedly connected in sequence.

[0022] The grouting pipe tail section 11 and the grouting pipe middle section 12, and the grouting pipe middle section 12 and the grouting pipe top section 13 are fixedly connected by threads to ensure stability.

[0023] The grouting pipe tail section 11 is provided with an iron core pipe 111 communicating with the grouting pipe middle section 12. The iron core pipe 111 is connected to one end of a soft core pipe 15 through a conversion joint 14, and the other end of the soft core pipe 15 is connected to a grouting pump (not shown).

[0024] The grouting pipe middle section 12 is provided with grouting holes 121, and the hole shape can be plum blossom shape, etc., to ensure uniform injection of the slurry into the soil layer.

[0025] The front end of the grouting pipe top section 13 is designed as a conical shape, and the outer diameter is slightly larger than other parts, which is convenient for inserting into the soil body, reduces friction, and avoids damage to the silicone rubber sac 3 and the carbon fiber cloth electrode 4.

[0026] The sliding mechanism 2 is sleeved on the grouting pipe tail section 11 and can slide along the axial direction of the grouting pipe tail section 11.

[0027] Combined with Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown in the figure, the sliding mechanism 2 includes a sleeve 21 sleeved on the tail section 11 of the grouting pipe, a grouting pipe hoop 22 for fixing the sleeve 21 to the tail section 11 of the grouting pipe, a vertical waterproof gasket 23 arranged between the sleeve 21 and the tail section 11 of the grouting pipe, a bladder hoop 24 for fixing the silicone rubber bladder 3 to the sleeve 21, an expansion bolt 25 for fixing the sliding mechanism 2 to the tunnel lining 5, a metal gasket 26 arranged between the expansion bolt 25 and the sleeve 21, and a horizontal waterproof gasket 27 arranged between the sleeve 21 and the tunnel lining 5.

[0028] The silicone rubber bladder 3 is oval, sleeved on the grouting pipe 1, and one end is fixed to the top section 13 of the grouting pipe, and the other end is fixed to the sliding mechanism 2 to drive the telescopic movement of the silicone rubber bladder 3 through the sliding mechanism 2. Specifically, one end of the silicone rubber bladder 3 is fixed to the sleeve 21 through the bladder hoop 24 to ensure the stability of the silicone rubber bladder 3 during the grouting process.

[0029] The silicone rubber bladder 3 is used to inject the ultra-long setting retarder slurry 16, and the ultra-long setting retarder slurry 16 is prepared by the following method: Provide water, cement, bentonite, and fly ash, and mix them according to a mass ratio of 10:5:3:3 to obtain a mixture; Add 0.45%-0.60% of carboxyethylidene diphosphonic acid based on the mass of the mixture as a setting retarder to the mixture, and mix evenly to obtain the ultra-long setting retarder slurry 16.

[0030] Since carboxyethylidene diphosphonic acid is used as the setting retarder, the initial setting time of the slurry can reach 80 hours, avoiding the pipe blockage phenomenon caused by premature solidification of the slurry, and effectively ensuring the flexibility and adjustability of the grouting process.

[0031] Combined with Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the carbon fiber cloth electrode 4 is attached to the outer surface of the silicone rubber bladder 3.

[0032] One end of the carbon fiber cloth electrode 4 is fixed to the top section 13 of the grouting pipe through the bladder hoop 24, and the other end is fixed to the sleeve 21 of the sliding mechanism 2 through the bladder hoop 24. The middle part of the carbon fiber cloth electrode 4 is folded and attached to the surface of the silicone rubber bladder 3. After grouting, as the bladder expands, the electrode automatically unfolds to ensure the continuous progress of the electroosmotic effect.

[0033] The carbon fiber cloth electrode 4 is woven from multiple layers of intertwined carbon fiber cloth, has good corrosion resistance and low voltage loss, and shows excellent electroosmotic performance in practical applications.

[0034] The working principle of the telescopic grouting pipe - bladder - electrode system provided by the present invention is as follows: Through the dual effects of electroosmosis and bladder expansion, the dissipation of excess pore pressure in the foundation is accelerated, the water content of the soil mass is reduced, and the soil layer is extruded by the expansion of the bladder, thereby greatly improving the reinforcement effect of the foundation and effectively reducing settlement and formation deformation. After the electrodes are energized, the electroosmosis effect causes the soil moisture to flow from the anode to the cathode, further accelerating the foundation reinforcement process. At the same time, the bladder expansion can compensate for the formation settlement caused by electroosmotic drainage, improve the final reinforcement efficiency and reduce the formation deformation caused by reinforcement, ensuring the safety of adjacent structures.

[0035] The present invention also provides a method for using the telescopic grouting pipe-bladder-electrode system, comprising the following steps: Step S1, assembling the telescopic grouting pipe-bladder-electrode system, specifically including the following steps: Step S11, threadedly connecting the top section 13 of the grouting pipe, the middle section 12 of the grouting pipe, and the tail section 11 of the grouting pipe, and sleeving the sliding mechanism 2; Step S12, according to the preset length of the installation section of the silicone rubber bladder 3, move the sliding mechanism 2 to a suitable position, and tighten the grouting pipe hoop 23 to fix the sliding mechanism 2; Step S13, sleeving the silicone rubber bladder 3, and respectively tightening one end of the silicone rubber bladder 3 with the top section 13 of the grouting pipe and the other end with the sliding mechanism 2 through the bladder hoop 24; Step S14, cut the carbon fiber cloth electrode 4 into sections and connect it to the wire, and fix both ends of the carbon fiber cloth electrode 4 to the top section 13 of the grouting pipe and the sliding mechanism 2 through the bladder hoop 24 respectively, and fold the middle part and attach it to the outer surface of the silicone rubber bladder 3; Step S15, connect the wire connecting the carbon fiber cloth electrode 4 to the power supply through the outlet pipeline and the reserved hole; connect one end of the iron core pipe 111 to the soft core pipe 15 through the adapter 14, and connect the other end of the soft core pipe 15 to the grouting pump; Step S2, installing the telescopic grouting pipe-bladder-electrode system, the specific steps are as follows: Step S21, use a drill rig to form a hole and place the grouting pipe 1 into the predetermined grouting hole, or press the grouting pipe into the predetermined grouting hole through a penetration device; Step S22, fix the sliding mechanism 2 on the tunnel lining through the expansion bolt 25; Step S23, loosen the grouting pipe hoop 23 to release the lock, pull out a certain length of the grouting pipe 1 upward, adjust the installation section of the silicone rubber bladder to the preset length, and then tighten the grouting pipe hoop 23 again for fixation; Step S24, inject the ultra-long slow-setting slurry 16 through the grouting hole 121, and monitor the grouting pressure, grouting speed and grouting volume in real time; Step S25, turn on the power supply for electroosmosis while grouting, and monitor the power supply voltage and current in real time.

[0036] In step S14, a water-soluble tape is used to segmentally fix the carbon fiber cloth electrode 4 on the outer surface of the silicone rubber bladder 3, which improves the penetrability of the grouting pipe 1 and at the same time avoids damage to the silicone rubber bladder 3 due to soil friction or sharp objects during the penetration process. After the grouting pipe penetrates the soil and grouting is carried out, the electrode unfolds as the diameter of the bladder increases.

[0037] Among them, the water-soluble tape includes but is not limited to water-soluble tape, paper-based tape, starch-based tape, etc.

[0038] It should be noted that in this article, the term "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including a..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article or device including that element.

[0039] In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the method and system in the embodiments of the present invention is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed. It may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described method may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0040] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms without departing from the spirit and scope protected by the present invention and the claims, and all of them fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A telescopic grouting pipe - bladder - electrode system, characterized in that, Comprising: A grouting pipe, which is in the shape of a hollow cylinder, including a grouting pipe tail section, a grouting pipe middle section, and a grouting pipe top section that are fixedly connected in sequence. The grouting pipe middle section is provided with grouting holes; A sliding mechanism, sleeved on the grouting pipe tail section and capable of sliding along the axial direction of the grouting pipe tail section; A silicone rubber bladder, sleeved on the grouting pipe, with one end fixed to the grouting pipe top section and the other end fixed to the sliding mechanism to drive the silicone rubber bladder to expand and contract through the sliding mechanism. The silicone rubber bladder is used for injecting ultra-long setting-retarding slurry; A carbon fiber cloth electrode, attached to the outer surface of the silicone rubber bladder.

2. The retractable grouting pipe - bladder - electrode system according to claim 1, wherein The grouting pipe tail section and the grouting pipe middle section, as well as the grouting pipe middle section and the grouting pipe top section, are fixedly connected by threads.

3. The retractable grouting pipe - bladder - electrode system according to claim 2, wherein, The grouting pipe tail section is provided with an iron core pipe communicating with the grouting pipe middle section. The iron core pipe is connected to one end of a soft core pipe through a conversion joint, and the other end of the soft core pipe is connected to a grouting pump.

4. The retractable grouting pipe - bladder - electrode system according to claim 3, wherein The sliding mechanism includes a sleeve sleeved on the grouting pipe tail section, a grouting pipe hoop for fixing the sleeve on the grouting pipe tail section, a vertical waterproof gasket arranged between the sleeve and the grouting pipe tail section, a bladder hoop for fixing the silicone rubber bladder on the sleeve, an expansion bolt for fixing the sliding mechanism to the tunnel lining, a metal gasket arranged between the expansion bolt and the sleeve, and a horizontal waterproof gasket arranged between the sleeve and the tunnel lining.

5. The retractable grouting pipe-sac-electrode system according to claim 4, wherein One end of the carbon fiber cloth electrode is fixed to the grouting pipe top section through a bladder hoop, and the other end is fixed to the sliding mechanism through a bladder hoop; the carbon fiber cloth electrode is woven from multiple layers of intertwined carbon fiber cloth.

6. The retractable grouting pipe - bladder - electrode system according to claim 5, wherein The ultra-long setting-retarding slurry is prepared by the following method: Providing water, cement, bentonite, and fly ash, and mixing them in a mass ratio of 10:5:3:3 to obtain a mixture; Adding 0.45%-0.60% of carboxyethylidene diphosphonic acid by mass of the mixture as a setting retarder to the mixture and mixing evenly to obtain the ultra-long setting-retarding slurry.

7. A method for using a telescopic grouting pipe-sac-electrode system according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step S1, assembling the telescopic grouting pipe-bladder-electrode system, specifically including the following steps: Step S11, connecting the grouting pipe top section, the grouting pipe middle section, and the grouting pipe tail section by threads and sleeving the sliding mechanism; Step S12, moving the sliding mechanism to a suitable position according to the preset length of the installation section of the silicone rubber bladder, and tightening the grouting pipe hoop to fix the sliding mechanism; Step S13, sleeving the silicone rubber bladder, and tightening one end of the silicone rubber bladder with the grouting pipe top section and the other end with the sliding mechanism respectively through bladder hoops; Step S14, cutting the carbon fiber cloth electrode into sections and connecting it to an electric wire, and fixing both ends of the carbon fiber cloth electrode to the grouting pipe top section and the sliding mechanism respectively through bladder hoops, with the middle part folded and attached to the outer surface of the silicone rubber bladder; Step S15, connecting the electric wire connecting the carbon fiber cloth electrode to a power source through a reserved wire outlet pipeline and a reserved hole; connecting the iron core pipe to one end of a soft core pipe through a conversion joint, and connecting the other end of the soft core pipe to a grouting pump; Step S2, install the retractable grouting pipe-sac-electrode system, and the specific steps are as follows: Step S21, drill a hole through a drill rig and place the grouting pipe into the predetermined grouting hole, or press the grouting pipe into the predetermined grouting hole through a penetration device; Step S22, fix the sliding mechanism on the tunnel lining through expansion bolts; Step S23, loosen the grouting pipe hoop, pull out a certain length of the grouting pipe upward, adjust the installation section of the silicone rubber sac to the preset length, and then tighten the grouting pipe hoop again for fixation; Step S24, inject the extra-long slow-setting grout through the grouting hole, and monitor the grouting pressure, grouting speed and grouting volume in real time; Step S25, turn on the power supply for electroosmosis while grouting, and monitor the power supply voltage and current in real time.

8. The usage method according to claim 7, characterized in that, In step S14, use water-soluble tape to fix the carbon fiber cloth electrodes in segments on the outer surface of the silicone rubber sac.

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