Soil sampling equipment for ecological environment monitoring

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of soil sampling, in particular to soil sampling equipment for ecological environment monitoring. The invention discloses soil sampling equipment for ecological environment monitoring. The soil sampling equipment comprises a sampling barrel, a sampling head, a bearing plate, a sample tube and the like, the sampling barrel is screwed with a sampling head; the sampling head is of a big-end-up structure; the sampling head is fixedly connected with a bearing plate; the bearing plate is detachably connected with a sample tube. By arranging the umbrella-shaped air bag, the umbrella-shaped air bag is controlled to be opened and is inflated before soil sampling of places such as wetland and marsh, so that the contact area of the equipment and the soil is increased, the pressure of the equipment on marsh and wetland sludge soil is reduced through the buoyancy of the umbrella-shaped air bag, and the situation that in the sampling process, the equipment is not damaged is avoided. Due to vibration generated in the operation process of parts in the equipment, the equipment falls into soil, the sampling equipment is influenced to transfer for multi-point sampling, and the sampling efficiency is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of soil sampling, and in particular to a soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring. Background Art

[0002] Marsh wetlands, known as the "kidneys of the earth", are a key part of the wetland ecosystem. They are characterized by long-term surface water accumulation or overly wet soil in a silt-like state, with unique preparation and soil conditions. They play an indispensable and important role in regulating the climate, conserving water sources, regulating runoff, flood storage and drought prevention, degrading pollutants, and protecting biodiversity.

[0003] Human economic activities have had a significant impact on the formation of marshes. Through the ecological monitoring of marsh wetlands, the health and stability of the wetland ecosystem are ensured, soil pollution is prevented, biodiversity is protected, and the assessment and early warning of the wetland ecological environment are supported.

[0004] In order to protect the ecological environment of marsh wetlands and reduce the impact of humans on marsh wetlands, generally, a sampling device is transported to a sampling point for soil sampling by means of a remote control vehicle or a drone. The transportation by a remote control vehicle still has a greater impact on marsh wetlands, while the transportation by a drone has a smaller impact on marsh wetlands. The existing Chinese patent (CN117451411A), a wetland soil sampling device, proposes that in a marsh environment, surrounded by marsh soil, a vacuum state is formed around the sampling cylinder, and a certain suction force is generated on the sampling cylinder, resulting in the sampling cylinder being unable to be taken out smoothly. By squeezing the inner wall of the outer shell contacted by the extrusion plate, a gap is formed between the marsh soil and the outer shell, reducing the suction force of the marsh soil on the outer shell. However, when the sampling device is performing silt soil sampling work, due to the vibration during the operation of the device not being considered, the viscosity of the non-Newtonian fluid marsh wetland silt soil decreases sharply and the fluidity increases, making the sampler easy to sink into the soil and difficult to extract from the soil. The transfer efficiency of the sampling device is low, affecting the efficiency of multi-point sampling. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the shortcomings that during sampling, due to the vibration during the operation of the device, the sampler is easy to sink into the soil and difficult to extract from the soil, the present invention provides a soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring.

[0006] The technical implementation solution of the present invention is: an ecological environment monitoring soil sampling device, including a sampling cylinder and a sampling head; the sampling cylinder is rotatably connected with the sampling head; the sampling head has a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom; it also includes a bearing plate, a sample tube, a sampling tube, a sealing plate and a vacuum pump; the sampling head is fixedly connected with the bearing plate; the bearing plate is detachably connected with the sample tube; the bearing plate is connected with the sampling tube; the sampling tube is provided with a barb portion; the upper end of the sampling tube extends into the sample tube, and the lower end of the sampling tube passes through the sampling head; the upper part of the sampling cylinder is fixedly connected with the sealing plate; the sealing plate is equipped with a vacuum pump; the sampling cylinder is divided into a lower cavity and an upper cavity by the sealing plate; several exhaust ports are opened on the side wall of the upper cavity of the sampling cylinder; the suction port of the vacuum pump is communicated with the lower cavity.

[0007] Further, the barb portion of the sampling tube is made of rubber material.

[0008] Further, it also includes a DD motor installed in the sampling head; the rotating part of the DD motor is connected with the sampling tube; the sampling head is fixedly connected with a support plate; the support plate is located between the DD motor and the bearing plate; the support plate is equipped with two electric actuators; the telescopic parts of the two electric actuators are jointly fixedly connected with a first connecting rod; the first connecting rod is rotatably connected with a connecting ring; the connecting ring is fixedly connected with the sampling tube; several sample tubes are annularly and arrayedly distributed on the bearing plate.

[0009] Further, the lower parts of all the sample tubes are in contact with the inner wall of the sampling head for positioning the sample tubes.

[0010] Further, it also includes two electric guide rails installed on the outside of the sampling cylinder; each electric guide rail is slidably connected with an electric slider; the two electric sliders are jointly fixedly connected with a sliding ring; the sliding ring is slidably connected with the sampling cylinder; the sliding ring is movably connected with several second connecting rods; the sampling cylinder is connected with an umbrella-shaped airbag; the umbrella-shaped airbag is movably connected with all the second connecting rods.

[0011] Further, it also includes two air pumps installed on the sealing plate; each air pump is communicated with a trachea; all the tracheas are buried in the side wall of the sampling cylinder; the umbrella-shaped airbag is provided with a cavity; all the tracheas are communicated with the cavity.

[0012] Further, the edge of the umbrella-shaped airbag is provided with an annular flange portion.

[0013] Further, it also includes a drone body detachably connected to the sampling cylinder.

[0014] Further, it also includes an extension tube detachably connected to the lower part of the sampling tube.

[0015] Further, it also includes a filter head detachably connected to the lower part of the extension tube; the filter head is provided with a spherical filter screen.

[0016] The present invention has the following advantages: 1. The present invention sets an umbrella-shaped airbag. Before taking soil samples in wetlands and swamps, the umbrella-shaped airbag is controlled to be expanded and air is inflated into the umbrella-shaped airbag, thereby increasing the contact area between the device and the soil. The buoyancy of the umbrella-shaped airbag reduces the pressure of the device on the silt soil of the swamp wetland, thereby avoiding the device from sinking into the soil due to vibrations generated during the operation of parts in the device during the sampling process, affecting the transfer of the sampling device for multi-point sampling and reducing the sampling efficiency.

[0017] 2. By pumping out negative pressure in the lower cavity and utilizing the characteristics of the muddy soil in the wetland swamp, the negative pressure in the lower cavity can suck the soil in and collect it into the sample tube, thus completing the soil sampling.

[0018] 3. By detachably connecting a filter head to the sampling tube or extension tube, the spherical filter can not only intercept stones in the wetland swamp, but also, compared with the general flat filter, the stones can only partially contact the spherical filter and cannot completely block the tube mouth of the sampling tube or extension tube, so that the soil sampling process can be carried out smoothly and orderly, ensuring efficient soil sampling. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a first viewing angle stereoscopic structure of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a second viewing angle stereoscopic structure of the present invention; Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sampling tube of the present invention; Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the sampling head of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the extension tube of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the filter head of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the installation position of the umbrella-shaped airbag of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the umbrella-shaped airbag of the present invention in an open state; Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the folded state of the umbrella-shaped airbag of the present invention.

[0020] Meanings of the reference numerals in the figures: 1 - UAV body, 2 - sampling cylinder, 3 - sampling head, 4 - bearing plate, 5 - sample tube, 6 - sampling pipe, 7 - sealing plate, 8 - vacuum pump, 9 - DD motor, 10 - support plate, 11 - electric actuator, 12 - first connecting rod, 13 - connecting ring, 14 - extension pipe, 15 - filter head, 16 - electric guide rail, 17 - electric slider, 18 - sliding ring, 19 - second connecting rod, 20 - umbrella-shaped airbag, 21 - air pump, 22 - air pipe, 2001 - lower cavity, 2002 - upper cavity, 2003 - exhaust port, 6001 - barb portion, 201 - airbag cavity, 202 - flange portion. Specific embodiments

[0021] Reference to an embodiment in this text means that a specific feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment can be included in at least one embodiment of the present invention. The phrase appears in various places in the specification and does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it an independent or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. Those skilled in the art explicitly and implicitly understand that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0022] The 1st embodiment A soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring, according to Figures 1 - 9 as shown, includes a sampling cylinder 2 and a sampling head 3; the sampling cylinder 2 is screwed to the lower part of the sampling head 3; the sampling head 3 has a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom; also includes a bearing plate 4, a sample tube 5, a sampling pipe 6, a sealing plate 7 and a vacuum pump 8; the upper part of the sampling head 3 is fixedly connected with a bearing plate 4; the bearing plate 4 is detachably connected with a sample tube 5; the bearing plate 4 is connected with a sampling pipe 6; the sampling pipe 6 is provided with a barb portion 6001 for guiding soil into the corresponding sample tube 5; the upper end of the sampling pipe 6 extends into the sample tube 5, and the lower end of the sampling pipe 6 passes through the sampling head 3; the upper part of the sampling cylinder 2 is fixedly connected with a sealing plate 7; a vacuum pump 8 is installed in the middle of the sealing plate 7; the sampling cylinder 2 is divided into a lower cavity 2001 and an upper cavity 2002 by the sealing plate 7; several exhaust ports 2003 are opened on the side wall of the upper cavity 2002 of the sampling cylinder 2; the suction port of the vacuum pump 8 is communicated with the lower cavity 2001.

[0023] The barb portion 6001 of the sampling pipe 6 is made of rubber.

[0024] It further includes a DD motor 9, a support plate 10, an electric actuator 11, a first connecting rod 12 and a connecting ring 13; a DD motor 9 is installed at the lower part of the sampling head 3; the rotating part of the DD motor 9 is connected to the sampling tube 6; the lower part of the sampling head 3 is fixedly connected with a support plate 10; the support plate 10 is located between the DD motor 9 and the bearing plate 4; two electric actuators 11 distributed left and right are installed on the support plate 10; the electric actuator 11 is an electric push rod; the telescopic parts of the two electric actuators 11 are fixedly connected with the first connecting rod 12; the middle part of the first connecting rod 12 is rotatably connected with a connecting ring 13; the connecting ring 13 is fixedly connected with the sampling tube 6; a plurality of sample tubes 5 are distributed in a circular array on the bearing plate 4.

[0025] The lower parts of all the sample tubes 5 are in contact with the inner wall of the sampling head 3 to prevent the sample tubes 5 from tilting.

[0026] It further includes an electric guide rail 16, an electric slider 17, a sliding ring 18, a second connecting rod 19 and an umbrella-shaped airbag 20; two electric guide rails 16 distributed front and back are installed on the outside of the sampling cylinder 2; each electric guide rail 16 is slidably connected with an electric slider 17; the two electric sliders 17 are fixedly connected with a sliding ring 18; the sliding ring 18 is slidably connected with the sampling cylinder 2; the sliding ring 18 is hinged with a plurality of second connecting rods 19; the lower part of the sampling cylinder 2 is connected with an umbrella-shaped airbag 20; the umbrella-shaped airbag 20 is hinged with all the second connecting rods 19.

[0027] It further includes an air pump 21 and an air pipe 22; two air pumps 21 distributed left and right are installed on the sealing plate 7; each air pump 21 is communicated with an air pipe 22; all the air pipes 22 are buried in the side wall of the sampling cylinder 2; an air cavity 201 is arranged in the umbrella-shaped airbag 20; all the air pipes 22 are communicated with the air cavity 201.

[0028] The edge of the umbrella-shaped airbag 20 is provided with an annular flange part 202 to prevent water from overflowing the umbrella-shaped airbag 20 when the umbrella-shaped airbag 20 expands.

[0029] It further includes a drone body 1; the upper part of the sampling cylinder 2 is detachably connected with the drone body 1.

[0030] The working steps of the above embodiment are as follows: First, the staff unscrews and removes the sampling head 3 from the sampling tube 2, and then inserts each sample tube 5 into the supporting plate 4 in turn, and the lower part of the sample tube 5 contacts the inner wall of the sampling head 3, so that all the sample tubes 5 are placed vertically, and the rubber barb on the upper part of the sampling tube 6 extends into one of the sample tubes 5, and then the sampling head 3 is screwed back into the sampling tube 2, and then the operator installs the sampling tube 2 on the bottom of the drone body 1. After the operator controls the drone body 1 to reach the designated location of the swamp or wetland, the operator controls the drone body 1 to descend, so that the sampling head 3 is slowly inserted into the silt. At this time, the drone body 1 is in a hovering state, and then the two electric sliders 17 are controlled to move downward, synchronously driving the sliding ring 18 to move downward, and the sliding ring 18 opens the umbrella-shaped airbag 20 downward through each second connecting rod 19. Figure 1 As shown, the contact area between the sampling device and the silt is increased to prevent the device from sinking deeper when sampling soil in wetland swamp areas. Then, the two air pumps 21 are controlled to start, and air is pumped into the bag cavity 201 through the air pipe 22, so that the umbrella-shaped airbag 20 expands to support the entire weight of the device. The buoyancy of the umbrella-shaped airbag 20 reduces the pressure of the device on the swamp wetland silt soil, slowing down the sinking speed of the device when working, and then the drone body 1 is controlled to be closed, and the edge of the umbrella-shaped airbag 20 is also provided with a flange portion 202, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, after the umbrella-shaped airbag 20 is opened like an umbrella, the upwardly turned flange 202 blocks the water in the wetland swamp from passing through the edge of the umbrella-shaped airbag 20 and entering the connection position between the umbrella-shaped airbag 20 and the sampling tube 2, thereby avoiding increasing the weight of the device, reducing the overall buoyancy of the device, and making the device easily sink into the wetland swamp during the sampling process.

[0031] Then, the vacuum pump 8 is controlled to start, and the vacuum pump 8 extracts the air in the lower cavity 2001, so that the lower cavity 2001 has a negative pressure. At this time, the sampling tube 6 is inserted into the soil of the wetland swamp, and the negative pressure lower cavity 2001 sucks the silt soil through the sampling tube 6, and then the soil is transferred from the sampling tube 6 to the sample tube 5, so that the soil sampling work at this point is realized, and then the vacuum pump 8 is controlled to stop sucking air. After the air pressure in the lower cavity 2001 is balanced, the two electric actuators 11 are controlled to start. The two electric actuators 11 The control unit 10 controls the first connecting rod 12 and the corresponding parts thereon to move upward, so that the sampling tube 6 moves upward, so that the upper end of the sampling tube 6 is higher than the tube mouth of the sample tube 5, and then controls the DD motor 9 to start, and synchronously drives the sampling tube 6 to rotate, so that the upper end of the sampling tube 6 rotates to above the tube mouth of the adjacent sample tube 5, controls the DD motor 9 to be closed, and then controls the two electric actuators 11 to contract, so that the sampling tube 6 moves downward, and the upper end of the sampling tube 6 enters the sample tube 5, and then the next soil sampling can be started.

[0032] Then, control the UAV body 1 to start, and control its output power to gradually increase, so that the lift of the UAV body 1 is gradually increased. At the same time, control the two electric sliders 17 to move upward, synchronously driving the sliding ring 18 and the corresponding parts thereon to move upward, so that the umbrella-shaped airbag 20 is retracted, as Figure 9 shown in the figure. After the umbrella-shaped airbag 20 is completely retracted, the lift of the UAV body 1 reaches the maximum, and the UAV body 1 drives the corresponding parts thereon to fly, so that the sampling head 3 and the sampling tube 6 are extracted from the soil. Then, control the UAV body 1 to transfer to another sampling point in the wetland swamp by remote control. Then, repeat the above operations until each sample tube 5 is filled with soil samples, and then control the UAV body 1 to fly back and land on the corresponding takeoff and landing platform. The operator can then take out the sample tube 5.

[0033] The second embodiment On the basis of the first embodiment, according to Figures 1 - 6 shown in the figure, it further includes an extension tube 14; the lower part of the sampling tube 6 is detachably connected with the extension tube 14.

[0034] It further includes a filter head 15; the lower part of the extension tube 14 is detachably connected with the filter head 15; a spherical filter screen is arranged on the filter head 15.

[0035] The working steps of the above embodiment are as follows: On the basis of the first embodiment, considering that when taking soil samples in the wetland swamp, the soil is in a silt state, and at this time the fluidity of the soil is relatively large. Therefore, when taking soil samples at a single depth position, there are certain errors in the composition of the soil. Therefore, at the same sampling point, soil samples should be taken at different depth positions. For the silt-like soil, when taking samples of it, there is no need to overcome a large resistance, and the sampling tube 6 can be inserted into the soil. At this time, modular improvement is carried out on the sampling tube 6, that is, extension tubes 14 of different lengths are connected in a screwed manner. Thus, sampling can be carried out according to the needs of different sampling depths, and it also avoids the need for the UAV body 1 to set additional power components, which affects the endurance of the UAV body 1.

[0036] Considering that there are stones in addition to silt in the swamp wetland, when sampling through the sampling tube 6 or the extension tube 14, the pipe orifice is easily blocked by stones, which affects the sampling progress. Therefore, a detachable filter head 15 is provided at the pipe orifice of the sampling tube 6 or the extension tube 14. This filter head 15 is fixed to the sampling tube 6 or the extension tube 14 in a screwed connection manner. When replacing the extension tube 14, the filter head 15 can be removed and installed on the new extension tube 14. The filter screen of the filter head 15 is set to a spherical shape, which can not only intercept the stones in the wetland swamp, but also, compared with a general flat filter screen, the stones can only contact a part of the spherical filter screen and cannot completely block the pipe orifice of the sampling tube 6 or the extension tube 14, enabling the soil sampling process to proceed smoothly and orderly and ensuring the efficient soil sampling.

[0037] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention rather than to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention can be modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the essence and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring, comprising a sampling cylinder (2) and a sampling head (3); the sampling cylinder (2) is screwed with the sampling head (3); the sampling head (3) has a structure that is larger at the top and smaller at the bottom; characterized in that: It further includes a carrier plate (4), a sample tube (5), a sampling tube (6), a sealing plate (7) and a vacuum pump (8); the sampling head (3) is fixedly connected to the carrier plate (4); the carrier plate (4) is detachably connected to the sample tube (5); the carrier plate (4) is connected to the sampling tube (6); the sampling tube (6) is provided with a barb portion (6001); the upper end of the sampling tube (6) extends into the sample tube (5), and the lower end of the sampling tube (6) passes through the sampling head (3); the upper part of the sampling cylinder (2) is fixedly connected to the sealing plate (7); the sealing plate (7) is equipped with a vacuum pump (8); the sampling cylinder (2) is divided into a lower cavity (2001) and an upper cavity (2002) by the sealing plate (7); a plurality of exhaust ports (2003) are formed in the side wall of the upper cavity (2002) of the sampling cylinder (2); the suction port of the vacuum pump (8) is communicated with the lower cavity (2001).

2. An ecological environment monitoring soil sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The barb portion (6001) of the sampling tube (6) is made of rubber material.

3. The soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring according to claim 2, characterized in that: It further includes a DD motor (9) installed in the sampling head (3); the rotating part of the DD motor (9) is connected to the sampling tube (6); the sampling head (3) is fixedly connected to a support plate (10); the support plate (10) is located between the DD motor (9) and the carrier plate (4); the support plate (10) is equipped with two electric actuators (11); the telescopic parts of the two electric actuators (11) are fixedly connected to a first connecting rod (12); the first connecting rod (12) is rotatably connected to a connecting ring (13); the connecting ring (13) is fixedly connected to the sampling tube (6); a plurality of sample tubes (5) are distributed in an annular array on the carrier plate (4).

4. The soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring according to claim 3, characterized in that: The lower parts of all the sample tubes (5) are in contact with the inner wall of the sampling head (3) for positioning the sample tubes (5).

5. An ecological environment monitoring soil sampling device according to claim 4, characterized in that: It further includes two electric guide rails (16) installed outside the sampling cylinder (2); each electric guide rail (16) is slidably connected to an electric slider (17); the two electric sliders (17) are fixedly connected to a sliding ring (18); the sliding ring (18) is slidably connected to the sampling cylinder (2); the sliding ring (18) is movably connected to a plurality of second connecting rods (19); the sampling cylinder (2) is connected to an umbrella-shaped airbag (20); the umbrella-shaped airbag (20) is movably connected to all the second connecting rods (19).

6. An ecological environment monitoring soil sampling device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It further includes two air pumps (21) installed on the sealing plate (7); each air pump (21) is communicated with a trachea (22); all the tracheas (22) are buried in the side wall of the sampling cylinder (2); the umbrella-shaped airbag (20) is provided with a cavity (201); all the tracheas (22) are communicated with the cavity (201).

7. An ecological environment monitoring soil sampling device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The edge of the umbrella-shaped airbag (20) is provided with an annular flange portion (202).

8. The soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring according to claim 7, characterized in that: It further includes a drone body (1); the sampling cylinder (2) is detachably connected to the drone body (1).

9. A soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: It further includes an extension tube (14) detachably connected to the lower part of the sampling tube (6).

10. The soil sampling device for ecological environment monitoring according to claim 9, characterized in that: It further includes a filter head (15) detachably connected to the lower part of the extension tube (14); the filter head (15) is provided with a spherical filter screen.

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