Nuclide emission detection tool signal processing system and method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of nuclear radiation detection, and discloses a nuclide emission detection tool signal processing system and method.The nuclide emission detection tool signal processing system comprises a high-resolution Na < l > detector, a data processing display module, an automatic sampling and analysis module, a cloud-based data storage and analysis platform, an intelligent alarm module and a well-type sampling tank; the high-resolution Na < l > detector is used for measuring gamma ray signals of nuclide emission; the data processing display module is used for processing and analyzing signals output by the detector; the automatic sampling and analyzing module is used for automatically sampling from liquid to be detected and carrying out real-time nuclide concentration analysis; and the cloud-based data storage and analysis platform is used for real-time monitoring, remote control and data management. Through the cooperation of the high-resolution Na < l > detector and the unit modules, the structure is clear, the technical performance is excellent, the environmental adaptability is high, and the problem of low-activity nuclide measurement in a high-temperature and high-radioactivity environment state can be effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of nuclear radiation detection, and particularly to a signal processing system and method for a nuclide emission detection tool. Background Art

[0002] During the normal operation or accident state of a nuclear power plant, radioactive waste liquid is inevitably generated. A signal processing system for a nuclide emission detection tool is used to measure the activity concentration of radioactive waste liquid in a WLS waste liquid storage tank, and the measurement results are used to evaluate whether the waste liquid in the WLS waste liquid storage tank is suitable for external discharge.

[0003] In conventional detection means, ionization chamber detectors are commonly used for dose rate monitoring. The measurement results are measured according to the total electric charge generated by a radiation source in a sensitive gas, and single radioactive events cannot be recorded. When monitoring activity, the activity of rays is inferred by recording the number of counts caused by rays in the detector. Therefore, ionization chamber detectors cannot be used for activity measurement; G-M tube detectors have high sensitivity, large pulse amplitudes, and are not affected by external electromagnetic fields. They can record pulse events caused by rays in the sensitive area, but do not have nuclide resolution ability; common room-temperature semiconductor detectors used in semiconductor detectors have small sensitive volumes and are commonly used for β-ray and α-ray measurements. Since γ-rays (especially medium and high-energy γ-rays) are not easily deposited with energy in semiconductor detectors, they are not used for γ-ray measurement; high-purity germanium detectors need to work under low-temperature conditions and cannot be used as on-site instruments.

[0004] Scintillation detectors have characteristics such as high equivalent atomic number, high detection efficiency, large sensitive volume, and nuclide resolution ability, and are commonly used in the fields of low radioactive activity monitoring and low dose rate monitoring. NaI(Tl) is a commonly used scintillation detector, which can achieve characteristics such as high temperature resistance and high long-term operation stability, and is widely used in laboratory measurements and nuclear power plant building radiation monitoring systems.

[0005] However, due to the high detection efficiency of NaI scintillation detectors, when measuring high radioactivity, NaI detectors with unreasonable designs are extremely prone to saturation and cannot be used normally. At the same time, it is very difficult to identify nuclides with low activity concentrations in a high-radioactivity environment, and traditional detectors do not have the functions of automatic sampling and analysis, which will cause certain harm to sampling personnel during the sampling process. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a signal processing system and method for a nuclide emission detection tool, which solves the problems of the limitations of current detection means, the saturation problem in high-radioactivity measurement, the difficulty in identifying nuclides with low activity concentrations, and the certain danger of manual sampling.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A signal processing system and method for a nuclide emission detection tool, including a high-resolution NaI detector, a data processing and display module, an automated sampling and analysis module, a cloud-based data storage and analysis platform, an intelligent alarm module, and a well-type sampling tank. The high-resolution NaI detector is used to measure the γ-ray signal of nuclide emissions;

[0008] The data processing and display module is used to process and analyze the signals output by the detector;

[0009] The automated sampling and analysis module is used to automatically sample from the liquid to be measured and perform real-time nuclide concentration analysis;

[0010] The cloud-based data storage and analysis platform is used for real-time monitoring, remote control, and data management, providing more convenient data processing and system management;

[0011] The intelligent alarm module is used to monitor whether the nuclide emission level exceeds a preset threshold and issue an alarm to notify relevant personnel when the threshold is exceeded;

[0012] The well-type sampling tank is used to store the liquid to be measured and perform concentration measurement.

[0013] Preferably, the high-resolution NaI detector includes a NaI crystal, a photomultiplier tube, a preamplifier, a power supply unit, and a push-pull circuit. The NaI crystal is used to measure the γ-ray signal of nuclide emissions;

[0014] The photomultiplier tube is used to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal and amplify the electrical signal through a multiplication effect for signal processing and analysis;

[0015] The preamplifier is used to reduce the interference of noise on the measurement results;

[0016] The push-pull circuit is used to improve the driving ability of the preamplifier for the signal;

[0017] The power supply unit is used to provide the power supply required by the system and implement the functions of internal communication, high-voltage generation and control, analog voltage sampling conversion, and digital voltage sampling conversion;

[0018] The main amplifier is used to amplify and process the signals output by the photomultiplier tube so that the signals generated by 80keV γ photons can exceed the set threshold.

[0019] Preferably, the data processing and display module includes a detector coupling unit, a data processing unit, an energy spectrum analysis unit, a measurement value display unit, an acoustic-optic indication unit, a touch screen control and query unit, a remote transmission interface unit, a fault detection unit, an adaptive filtering unit, a peak position search unit, a peak position calibration function, an energy calibration correction, and a peak position correction unit. The detector coupling unit is used to physically connect the NaI crystal and the photomultiplier tube assembly and transmit optical signals to ensure efficient optical signal capture and transmission;

[0020] The data processing unit is responsible for receiving, processing, and analyzing the electrical or optical signals obtained from the detector and the photomultiplier tube, and performing digital signal processing, including operations such as filtering, amplification, and sampling;

[0021] The energy spectrum analysis unit is used to perform energy spectrum analysis on the γ-ray signals received by the detector, distinguish γ-rays of different energies, and record their counts;

[0022] The measurement value display unit is used to visually display the γ-ray intensity and energy information emitted by the measured nuclide, facilitating user observation and analysis;

[0023] The acoustic-optic indication unit is used to issue alarms or indications through sound and optical signals to alert the operator about the system status, abnormal conditions, or detection results;

[0024] The touch screen control and query unit is used to provide control, setting, and query functions for the system through the touch screen interface, facilitating user operation and configuration of system parameters;

[0025] The remote transmission interface unit is used to provide a connection interface with external devices or networks to achieve remote data transmission, monitoring, and control;

[0026] The fault detection unit is used to monitor the operating status of the system, detect faults, and issue alarms to ensure the stability and reliability of the system;

[0027] The adaptive filtering unit is used to automatically adjust the filter parameters according to different application scenarios and requirements to improve signal quality and reduce noise interference;

[0028] The peak position search unit is used to search for and identify peaks in the energy spectrum, find the peak positions, and calculate their corresponding energy values;

[0029] The peak position calibration function is used to calibrate the peak positions in the energy spectrum based on a known standard energy source and establish an energy calibration relationship;

[0030] The energy calibration correction and peak position correction unit is used to correct the energy calibration in the energy spectrum to improve the accuracy and precision of energy measurement.

[0031] Preferably, the automatic sampling and analysis module includes a liquid level sensor, a liquid pump, and a nuclide concentration analyzer. The liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level height or liquid level change.

[0032] The liquid pump is used to transfer the liquid from one container or location to another container or location.

[0033] The nuclide concentration analyzer is used to monitor and measure the concentration of nuclide emissions in the liquid.

[0034] Preferably, both the NaI crystal and the photomultiplier tube use models that can withstand high temperatures of 120°C. The NaI crystal and the photomultiplier tube are integrated, and a spring to prevent thermal expansion and contraction is installed at the top of its package.

[0035] Preferably, the preamplifier uses a charge-sensitive preamplifier with stable output, large conversion gain, high counting efficiency, and good stability.

[0036] Preferably, the data processing and display module is a nuclear pulse signal processing unit.

[0037] A signal processing method for a nuclide emission detection tool includes the following steps:

[0038] S1. Initialization and preparation of the signal processing system for the nuclide emission detection tool;

[0039] S2. Measurement of nuclide emissions and signal processing

[0040] Preferably, the specific steps for initialization and preparation in step S1 are as follows:

[0041] S1-1. Install and connect the NaI crystal and the photomultiplier tube in a high-resolution NaI detector, ensure that it has high-temperature resistance and can withstand a working temperature of at least 120°C, install a spring to prevent thermal expansion and contraction at the top of the crystal package, place the preamplifier close to the photomultiplier tube to reduce the interference of noise on the measurement results, and at the same time, a push-pull circuit built with triodes is used after the second-stage amplifier section of the preamplifier to improve the driving ability of the preamplifier for the signal, so that the transmission distance can reach more than 80m;

[0042] S1-2. Connect the well-type sampling tank to the system and ensure that its capacity is about 45L, which is used to store the liquid to be measured and perform concentration measurement;

[0043] S1-3. Connect the data processing and display module and confirm that it has functions such as adaptive filtering, peak position search and peak position scaling, detector coupling, data processing, energy spectrum analysis, measurement value display, sound and light indication, touch screen control and query, remote transmission interface, and fault detection, etc., to improve the accuracy and stability of signal processing;

[0044] S1-4. Start the cloud-based data storage and analysis platform and ensure its ability to monitor in real time, remotely control, and manage data, providing convenient data processing and system management.

[0045] Preferably, the specific steps of measuring nuclide emissions and signal processing in the S2 step are as follows:

[0046] S2-1. Measure nuclide emissions by the step-by-step "differential" method. First, measure the γ activity concentration value of the environmental background and record it as BG. Then, measure the total γ activity concentration value of the liquid to be measured and record it as TS.

[0047] S2-2. Perform differential processing to obtain the γ activity concentration value of the liquid to be measured. Calculate the γ activity concentration value of the liquid to be measured as CS, that is, CS = TS - BG.

[0048] S2-3. Use functions such as adaptive filtering, peak search, and peak scaling to process and analyze nuclear pulse signals, improving the accuracy and stability of signal processing.

[0049] S2-4. And perform energy scale calibration and peak position correction on the energy spectrum image output by the detector through the data processing and display module to improve the accuracy of the measurement results.

[0050] S2-5. In the automatic sampling and analysis module, use a liquid level sensor to monitor the liquid level height and automatically sample the liquid to be measured into a well-type sampling tank through a liquid pump.

[0051] S2-6. In the nuclide concentration analyzer, perform real-time nuclide concentration analysis on the liquid sample obtained from the well-type sampling tank.

[0052] S2-7. If the nuclide emission level exceeds the preset threshold, the intelligent alarm system will issue an alarm to notify relevant personnel.

[0053] The present invention provides a signal processing system and method for a nuclide emission detection tool. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0054] 1. Through the cooperation of multiple unit modules such as a high-resolution NaI detector, a data processing and display module, an automatic sampling and analysis module, a cloud-based data storage and analysis platform, and an intelligent alarm module, the present invention not only has a clear structure, but also has excellent technical performance, strong environmental adaptability, and can effectively solve the problem of measuring low-activity nuclides in high-temperature and high-radioactivity environmental states, thus effectively solving the limitations of current detection means, the saturation problem of high-radioactivity measurement, and the difficulty of identifying low-activity concentration nuclides.

[0055] 2. Through the high-resolution NaI detector and the data processing and display unit of the present invention, the γ-ray signals emitted by nuclides can be accurately measured and processed, improving the accuracy of measurement results.

[0056] 3. By introducing an automated sampling and analysis module, the present invention can automatically sample from the liquid to be tested and perform real-time nuclide concentration analysis, reducing manual operations, improving efficiency and accuracy, and reducing the risk of detection experiments.

[0057] 4. By setting up a cloud-based data storage and analysis platform, the present invention realizes real-time monitoring, remote control, and data management, thereby providing convenient data processing and system management, and facilitating users to perform data analysis and decision-making.

[0058] 5. Through the additional intelligent alarm module, it can monitor whether the nuclide emission level exceeds a preset threshold, and promptly issue an alarm to notify relevant personnel to ensure the safety of monitoring. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0059] Figure 1 is a framework diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0060] Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the high-resolution NaI detector of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the system of the present invention;

[0062] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission of the measurement detector of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the data processing and display module of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 6 is a framework diagram of the high-resolution NaI detector of the present invention;

[0065] Figure 7 is a framework diagram of the data processing and display module of the present invention;

[0066] Figure 8 is a framework diagram of the automated sampling and analysis module of the present invention.

[0067] Wherein: 1. NaI crystal; 2. Photomultiplier tube; 3. Spring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0068] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0069] Embodiment:

[0070] Please refer to the attached Figure 1 and the attached Figure 3 , the embodiment of the present invention provides a signal processing system for a nuclide emission detection tool, including a high-resolution NaI detector, a data processing and display module, an automatic sampling and analysis module, a cloud-based data storage and analysis platform, an intelligent alarm module, and a well-type sampling tank. The high-resolution NaI detector is used to measure the γ-ray signal of nuclide emissions;

[0071] The data processing and display module is used to process and analyze the signals output by the detector;

[0072] The automatic sampling and analysis module is used to automatically sample from the liquid to be measured and perform real-time nuclide concentration analysis;

[0073] The cloud-based data storage and analysis platform is used for real-time monitoring, remote control, and data management, providing more convenient data processing and system management;

[0074] The intelligent alarm module is used to monitor whether the nuclide emission level exceeds a preset threshold and issue an alarm to notify relevant personnel when the threshold is exceeded;

[0075] The well-type sampling tank is used to store the liquid to be measured and perform concentration measurement.

[0076] Specifically, the automatic sampling and analysis module can automatically sample from the liquid to be measured and perform real-time nuclide concentration analysis, enabling rapid, accurate nuclide measurement, saving labor and time costs, and improving the reliability of measurement; the cloud-based data storage and analysis platform is connected to the cloud to achieve real-time monitoring, remote control, and data management of data. This can facilitate users' remote monitoring and control, while providing more convenient data processing and system management, providing support for subsequent data analysis and decision-making; the intelligent alarm module is used to monitor whether the nuclide emission level exceeds a preset threshold and issue an alarm to notify relevant personnel when the threshold is exceeded. This can promptly detect abnormal situations and take corresponding measures to ensure environmental safety and personnel health.

[0077] Please refer to the attached Figure 4 and the attached Figure 6, the high-resolution NaI detector includes a NaI crystal 1, a photomultiplier tube 2, a preamplifier, a power supply unit, a main amplifier, a spring 3, and a push-pull circuit. The NaI crystal 1 is used to measure the γ-ray signals emitted by nuclides;

[0078] The photomultiplier tube 2 is used to convert optical signals into electrical signals and amplify the electrical signals through the multiplication effect for signal processing and analysis;

[0079] The preamplifier is used to reduce the interference of noise on the measurement results;

[0080] The push-pull circuit is used to improve the driving ability of the preamplifier for signals;

[0081] The power supply unit is used to provide the power supply required by the system and implement the functions of internal communication, high-voltage generation and control, analog voltage sampling conversion, and digital voltage sampling conversion;

[0082] The main amplifier is used to amplify and process the signals output by the photomultiplier tube 2 so that the signals generated by 80keV γ photons can exceed the set threshold;

[0083] The spring 3 is used to prevent thermal expansion and contraction.

[0084] Specifically, the NaI crystal has high sensitivity and energy spectrum resolution and can accurately measure the ray signals of low-activity nuclides; the photomultiplier tube converts optical signals into electrical signals and amplifies the electrical signals through the multiplication effect for subsequent signal processing and analysis. The photomultiplier tube has the characteristics of high gain and fast response and can improve the sensitivity and accuracy of signals; the preamplifier can amplify weak signals and improve the signal-to-noise ratio, thereby improving the accuracy of measurement; the push-pull circuit can enhance the output ability of signals and ensure the stability and reliability of signal transmission; the power supply unit provides stable and reliable power support for the normal operation of the system; the main amplifier can further amplify signals and perform filtering and adjustment to meet the requirements of subsequent signal processing and analysis; the introduction of the spring can keep the relative position between the NaI crystal and the photomultiplier tube stable in a high-temperature environment and ensure the accuracy and reliability of measurement.

[0085] Please refer to Appendix Figure 5 and Appendix Figure 7 , the data processing and display module includes a detector coupling unit, a data processing unit, an energy spectrum analysis unit, a measurement value display unit, an acoustic-optic indication unit, a touch screen control and query unit, a remote transmission interface unit, a fault detection unit, an adaptive filtering unit, a peak position search unit, a peak position scaling function, an energy scale correction, and a peak position correction unit. The detector coupling unit is used to physically connect the NaI crystal 1 and the photomultiplier tube 2 assembly and transfer optical signals to ensure efficient optical signal capture and transmission;

[0086] The data processing unit is responsible for receiving, processing, and analyzing the electrical or optical signals obtained from the detector and the photomultiplier tube 2, and performing digital signal processing, including operations such as filtering, amplification, and sampling;

[0087] The energy spectrum analysis unit is used to perform energy spectrum analysis on the γ-ray signals received by the detector, distinguish γ-rays of different energies, and record their counts;

[0088] The measurement value display unit is used to display the γ-ray intensity and energy information emitted by the measured nuclide in a visual form, facilitating users' observation and analysis;

[0089] The acoustic-optic indication unit is used to issue alarms or indications through sound and light signals to alert operators about the system status, abnormal situations, or detection results;

[0090] The touch screen control and query unit is used to provide control, setting, and query functions for the system through the touch screen interface, facilitating users to operate and configure system parameters;

[0091] The remote transmission interface unit is used to provide a connection interface with external devices or networks to achieve remote data transmission, monitoring, and control;

[0092] The fault detection unit is used to monitor the operating status of the system, detect faults, and issue alarms to ensure the stability and reliability of the system;

[0093] The adaptive filtering unit is used to automatically adjust the filter parameters according to different application scenarios and requirements to improve the signal quality and reduce noise interference;

[0094] The peak position search unit is used to search for and identify the peaks in the energy spectrum, find the peak positions, and calculate their corresponding energy values;

[0095] The peak position calibration function is used to calibrate the peak positions in the energy spectrum based on a known standard energy source and establish an energy calibration relationship;

[0096] The energy calibration correction and peak position correction unit is used to correct the energy calibration in the energy spectrum to improve the accuracy and precision of energy measurement.

[0097] Specifically, through the collaborative work of the above unit parts, the data processing and display module can receive, process, analyze, and display the γ-ray signals emitted by the nuclide, provide accurate measurement results, and have the functions of real-time monitoring and control. Functions such as the touch screen interface, acoustic-optic indication, and remote transmission interface increase the convenience of user operation and the scalability of the system. At the same time, functions such as adaptive filtering, peak position search, and energy calibration correction improve the accuracy and precision of signal processing and energy spectrum analysis, making the signal processing system of the nuclide emission detection tool more reliable and efficient.

[0098] Please refer to the attached Figure 8 , the automated sampling and analysis module includes a liquid level sensor, a liquid pump, and a radionuclide concentration analyzer. The liquid level sensor is used to detect the level height or level change of the liquid;

[0099] The liquid pump is used to transfer the liquid from one container or location to another container or location;

[0100] The radionuclide concentration analyzer is used to monitor and measure the concentration of radionuclide emissions in the liquid.

[0101] Specifically, through the collaborative work of the above components, the automated sampling and analysis module can achieve automatic sampling and concentration analysis of the liquid, ensure the accuracy and stability of sampling, and provide the measurement results of the radionuclide concentration.

[0102] Please refer to the attached Figure 2 , both the NaI crystal 1 and the photomultiplier tube 2 use models that can withstand high temperatures of 120 °C. The NaI crystal 1 and the photomultiplier tube 2 are integrated, and a spring 3 for preventing thermal expansion and contraction is installed at the top of their package.

[0103] The preamplifier uses a charge-sensitive preamplifier with stable output, large conversion gain, high counting efficiency, and good stability.

[0104] Specifically, the signal from the photomultiplier tube is transmitted to the preamplifier. The current pulse signal undergoes coupled I-F conversion to convert the current pulse into a voltage signal. The signal amplified by the first stage is further voltage-amplified by the second stage after band-pass filtering so that the signal generated by 80 keV γ photons is amplified above the threshold of the main amplifier 7. In order to reduce the attenuation during signal transmission, an emitter follower is used after the second-stage amplification section of the preamplifier to improve the driving ability of the preamplifier for the signal. The 8065 chip with a relatively large pulse width is used as the follower, which is not easily affected by cable noise during transmission, and the transmission distance can reach more than 80 m

[0105] The data processing and display module is a nuclear pulse signal processing module.

[0106] Specifically, the high-temperature resistance design of the NaI crystal and the photomultiplier tube, the performance optimization of the preamplifier, and the functions of the nuclear pulse signal processing module all contribute to improving the performance and reliability of the signal processing system of the radionuclide emission detection tool.

[0107] A signal processing method for a radionuclide emission detection tool includes the following steps:

[0108] S1, initialization and preparation of the signal processing system of the radionuclide emission detection tool;

[0109] S2, measurement and signal processing of radionuclide emissions.

[0110] The specific steps for initialization and preparation in step S1 are as follows:

[0111] Install and connect the Na I crystal 1 and the photomultiplier tube 2 in the high-resolution Na I detector, ensuring that it has high-temperature resistance and can withstand a working temperature of at least 120 °C. A spring 3 for preventing thermal expansion and contraction is installed on the top of the crystal package. The preamplifier is placed close to the photomultiplier tube 2 to reduce the interference of noise on the measurement results. At the same time, a push-pull circuit built with triodes is adopted after the second-stage amplification section of the preamplifier to improve the driving ability of the preamplifier for signals, enabling the transmission distance to reach more than 80 m;

[0112] S1-2. Connect the well-type sampling tank to the system and ensure that its capacity is about 45 L, which is used to store the liquid to be measured and conduct concentration measurement;

[0113] S1-3. Connect the data processing and display module and confirm that it has functions such as adaptive filtering, peak position search and peak position scaling, detector coupling, data processing, energy spectrum analysis, measurement value display, sound and light indication, touch screen control and query, remote transmission interface, and fault detection, etc., to improve the accuracy and stability of signal processing;

[0114] S1-4. Start the cloud-based data storage and analysis platform and ensure that it can monitor in real time, remotely control, and manage data, providing convenient data processing and system management.

[0115] The specific steps for nuclide emission measurement and signal processing in step S2 are as follows:

[0116] S2-1. Measure the nuclide emission through the step-by-step "differential" method. First, measure the γ activity concentration value of the environmental background and record it as BG. Then, measure the total γ activity concentration value of the liquid to be measured and record it as TS;

[0117] S2-2. Conduct differential processing to obtain the γ activity concentration value of the liquid to be measured. Calculate the γ activity concentration value of the liquid to be measured as CS, that is, CS = TS - BG;

[0118] S2-3. Use functions such as adaptive filtering, peak position search, and peak position scaling to process and analyze the nuclear pulse signal to improve the accuracy and stability of signal processing;

[0119] S2-4. And perform energy scale calibration and peak position correction on the energy spectrum image output by the detector through the data processing and display module to improve the accuracy of the measurement results;

[0120] S2-5. In the automatic sampling and analysis module, use a liquid level sensor to monitor the liquid level height, and automatically sample the liquid to be measured into the well-type sampling tank through a liquid pump;

[0121] S2-6. In the nuclide concentration analyzer, perform real-time nuclide concentration analysis on the liquid sample obtained from the well-type sampling tank.

[0122] S2-7. If the nuclide emission level exceeds the preset threshold, the intelligent alarm system will issue an alarm to notify relevant personnel.

[0123] Comparison experiment and its experimental result data:

[0124] Experimental objective: Evaluate the effectiveness of the signal processing system and method of the nuclide emission detection tool in measuring low-activity nuclides in high-temperature and high-radioactivity environments compared to traditional methods.

[0125] Experimental setup:

[0126] Samples: Select a series of standard samples with known nuclide concentrations, including low-activity nuclides. At the same time, prepare the liquid samples to be measured, which contain unknown nuclide concentrations.

[0127] Environmental conditions: Simulate high-temperature and high-radioactivity environments to ensure that the experimental conditions meet the requirements.

[0128] Measurement methods:

[0129] Traditional method: Use traditional low-activity nuclide measurement methods, including conventional radioactive measurement equipment and techniques.

[0130] Signal processing system of the nuclide emission detection tool: Use this system to measure low-activity nuclides, including high-resolution NaI detectors, data processing and display modules, etc.

[0131] Experimental steps:

[0132] Sample preparation: Prepare standard samples and liquid samples to be measured.

[0133] Measurement using the traditional method: Use the traditional method to measure the samples, and record the measurement results and measurement errors.

[0134] Measurement using the signal processing system of the nuclide emission detection tool: Use the signal processing system of the nuclide emission detection tool to measure the samples, and record the measurement results and measurement errors.

[0135] Experimental data table:

[0136]

[0137] Data analysis: Compare the measurement results and measurement errors of the two methods. Calculate the relative error and conduct statistical analysis.

[0138] Summary of experimental results: In this table, each sample has a number, and the nuclide concentrations measured using the traditional method and the signal processing system of the nuclide emission detection tool are listed. The traditional method measurement error and the signal processing system measurement error columns show the relative error under each method, expressed as a percentage.

[0139] By comparing the nuclide concentrations and measurement errors, the effectiveness of the signal processing system of the nuclide emission detection tool can be evaluated relative to the traditional method in measuring low-activity nuclides in high-temperature and high-radiation environments. Among these samples, if the signal processing system of the nuclide emission detection tool can provide measurement results closer to the true value and has smaller measurement errors compared to the traditional method, it indicates that the system effectively solves the problem of measuring low-activity nuclides in high-temperature and high-radiation environments.

[0140] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A signal processing system for a nuclide emission detection tool, characterized in that, It includes a high-resolution Nal detector, a data processing and display module, an automated sampling and analysis module, a cloud-based data storage and analysis platform, an intelligent alarm module, and a well-type sampling tank. The high-resolution Nal detector is used to measure the γ-ray signal emitted by nuclides; The data processing and display module is used to process and analyze the signals output by the detector; The automated sampling and analysis module is used to automatically sample the liquid to be measured and perform real-time nuclide concentration analysis; The cloud-based data storage and analysis platform is used for real-time monitoring, remote control, and data management, providing more convenient data processing and system management; The intelligent alarm module is used to monitor whether the nuclide emission level exceeds a preset threshold and issue an alarm to notify relevant personnel when the threshold is exceeded; The well-type sampling tank is used to store the liquid to be measured and perform concentration measurement.

2. The signal processing system of a nuclide emission detection tool according to claim 1, wherein The high-resolution Nal detector includes a NaI crystal (1), a photomultiplier tube (2), a preamplifier, a power supply unit, a main amplifier, a spring (3), and a push-pull circuit. The Nal crystal (1) is used to measure the γ-ray signal emitted by nuclides; The photomultiplier tube (2) is used to convert the optical signal into an electrical signal and amplify the electrical signal through the multiplication effect for signal processing and analysis; The preamplifier is used to reduce the interference of noise on the measurement result; The push-pull circuit is used to improve the driving ability of the preamplifier for signals; The power supply unit is used to provide the power supply required by the system and implement the functions of internal communication, high-voltage generation and control, analog voltage sampling conversion, and digital voltage sampling conversion; The main amplifier is used to amplify and process the signals output by the photomultiplier tube (2) so that the signals generated by 80keV γ photons can exceed the set threshold; The spring (3) is used to prevent thermal expansion and contraction.

3. The signal processing system of a nuclide emission detection tool according to claim 1, wherein, The data processing and display module includes a detector coupling unit, a data processing unit, an energy spectrum analysis unit, a measurement value display unit, an acoustic-optic indication unit, a touch screen control and query unit, a remote transmission interface unit, a fault detection unit, an adaptive filtering unit, a peak position search unit, a peak position scaling function, an energy scale correction, and a peak position correction unit. The detector coupling unit is used to physically connect the NaI crystal (1) and the photomultiplier tube (2) assembly and transmit the optical signal to ensure efficient optical signal capture and transmission; The data processing unit is responsible for receiving, processing, and analyzing the electrical or optical signals obtained from the detector and the photomultiplier tube (2), and performing digital signal processing, including operations such as filtering, amplification, and sampling; The energy spectrum analysis unit is used to perform energy spectrum analysis on the γ-ray signals received by the detector, distinguish γ rays of different energies, and record their counts; The measurement value display unit is used to visually display the measured γ-ray intensity and energy information of nuclide emissions for convenient observation and analysis by users; The acoustic-optic indication unit is used to issue an alarm or indication through sound and optical signals to remind the operator of the system status, abnormal conditions, or detection results; The touch screen control and query unit is used to provide control, setting, and query functions for the system through the touch screen interface, facilitating user operation and configuration of system parameters; The remote transmission interface unit is used to provide a connection interface with external devices or networks, enabling remote data transmission, monitoring, and control; The fault detection unit is used to monitor the operating state of the system, detect faults, and issue alarms to ensure the stability and reliability of the system; The adaptive filtering unit is used to automatically adjust the filter parameters according to different application scenarios and requirements to improve signal quality and reduce noise interference; The peak position search unit is used to search for and identify peaks in the energy spectrum, find the peak positions, and calculate their corresponding energy values; The peak position calibration function is used to calibrate the peak positions in the energy spectrum based on a known standard energy source and establish an energy calibration relationship; The energy calibration correction and peak position correction unit is used to correct the energy calibration in the energy spectrum to improve the accuracy and precision of energy measurement.

4. The signal processing system of a nuclide emission detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The automatic sampling and analysis module includes a liquid level sensor, a liquid pump, and a radionuclide concentration analyzer. The liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level height or liquid level change; The liquid pump is used to transfer liquid from one container or location to another container or location; The radionuclide concentration analyzer is used to monitor and measure the concentration of radionuclide emissions in the liquid.

5. A signal processing system for a nuclide emission detection tool according to claim 2, wherein Both the NaI crystal (1) and the photomultiplier tube (2) use models that can withstand high temperatures of 120°C. The NaI crystal (1) and the photomultiplier tube (2) are integrated, and a spring (3) to prevent thermal expansion and contraction is installed on the top of its package.

6. The signal processing system of a nuclide emission detection tool according to claim 2, wherein The preamplifier uses a charge-sensitive preamplifier with stable output, large conversion gain, high counting efficiency, and good stability.

7. The signal processing system of a nuclide emission detection tool according to claim 1, wherein The data processing and display module is a nuclear pulse signal processing module.

8. A signal processing method for a nuclide emission detection tool, characterized in that, A radionuclide emission detection tool signal processing system according to any one of claims 1-7 includes the following steps: S1. Initialization and preparation of the radionuclide emission detection tool signal processing system; S2. Measurement and signal processing of radionuclide emissions.

9. The signal processing method of a radionuclide emission detection tool according to claim 8, characterized in that, The specific steps of initialization and preparation in step S1 are as follows: Install and connect the NaI crystal (1) and the photomultiplier tube (2) in a high-resolution NaI detector, ensuring that it has high-temperature resistance and can withstand a working temperature of at least 120°C. A spring (3) to prevent thermal expansion and contraction is installed on the top of the crystal package. At the same time, place the preamplifier close to the photomultiplier tube (2) to reduce the interference of noise on the measurement results. A push-pull circuit built with triodes is used after the second-stage amplification section of the preamplifier to improve the driving ability of the preamplifier for signals, enabling the transmission distance to reach more than 80m; S1-2. Connect the well-type sampling tank to the system and ensure that its capacity is approximately 45L, which is used to store the liquid to be measured and perform concentration measurements; S1-3. Connect the data processing and display module and confirm that it has functions such as adaptive filtering, peak position search and calibration, detector coupling, data processing, energy spectrum analysis, measurement value display, sound and light indication, touch screen control and query, remote transmission interface, and fault detection to improve the accuracy and stability of signal processing; S1-4. Start the cloud-based data storage and analysis platform and ensure its ability to monitor in real time, remotely control, and manage data, providing convenient data processing and system management.

10. A signal processing method for a radionuclide emission detection tool according to claim 8, characterized in that, In the S2 step, the specific steps for measuring nuclide emissions and signal processing are as follows: S2-1. Measure nuclide emissions through a step-by-step "differential" method. First, measure the γ activity concentration value of the environmental background and record it as BG. Then, measure the total γ activity concentration value of the liquid to be measured and record it as TS. S2-2. Perform differential processing to obtain the γ activity concentration value of the liquid to be measured. Calculate the γ activity concentration value of the liquid to be measured as CS, that is, CS = TS - BG. S2-3. Use functions such as adaptive filtering, peak position search, and peak position calibration to process and analyze nuclear pulse signals, improving the accuracy and stability of signal processing. S2-4. And perform energy scale calibration and peak position correction on the energy spectrum image output by the detector through the data processing and display module to improve the accuracy of the measurement results. S2-5. In the automatic sampling and analysis module, use a liquid level sensor to monitor the liquid level height, and automatically sample the liquid to be measured into a well-type sampling tank through a liquid pump. S2-6. In the nuclide concentration analyzer, perform real-time nuclide concentration analysis on the liquid sample obtained from the well-type sampling tank. S2-7. If the nuclide emission level exceeds the preset threshold, the intelligent alarm system will issue an alarm to notify relevant personnel.

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