Chicago rain pattern comprehensive rain peak coefficient calculation method based on geometric morphology of rainstorm process

Abstract

The invention provides a Chicago rain pattern comprehensive rain peak coefficient calculation method based on geometric morphology of a rainstorm process, and aims to provide a theoretical basis and a calculation method system for Chicago rain pattern analysis in urban outdoor drainage design. According to the method, a comprehensive rain peak position coefficient of different rainfall durations is calculated by statistically analyzing a rain peak position coefficient of the rainfall durations and combining the same-frequency characteristics of the Chicago rain pattern, so that a traditional calculation method based on the early-stage influence rainfall and the rainfall duration weight is optimized. The method not only improves the efficiency of rainwater design work, but also adapts to the trend of improvement of urban drainage waterlogging prevention standards, and has important practical value and theoretical significance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of outdoor drainage design, and particularly relates to a calculation method for the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric shape of the rainstorm process. Background Art

[0002] The analysis of the design storm rain pattern is the basis of urban outdoor drainage design work, and its core lies in the reasonable planning of the temporal distribution of the total rainfall. The Chicago method rain pattern (Keifer and Chu rain pattern), as a classic model rain pattern, has been widely used in China because it is based on the storm intensity formula and has the advantage of the same frequency for different duration design rainfalls. For example, in national standards and specifications such as the "Standard for Design of Outdoor Drainage" (GB50014-2021) and the "Technical Guidelines for Compiling Urban Storm Intensity Formulas and Determining Design Rain Patterns", it is clearly required that the Chicago method should be used to determine the short-duration storm rain pattern. According to the instantaneous rainfall intensity formula of the Chicago method rain pattern, the calculation of its design storm process is determined by the parameters of the storm intensity formula and the rain peak coefficient. Therefore, the determination of the rain peak coefficient becomes the key to whether the Chicago design rain pattern meets the rainwater design requirements.

[0003] For the determination of the rain peak coefficient for a single rainfall duration, by statistically analyzing the rain peak coefficients of typical storm processes and taking the arithmetic mean, it can be directly used for the design of the storm process of this duration. For the Chicago rain pattern applicable to multiple rainfall durations, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the rain peak coefficients of different durations. Currently, the common method is to use the antecedent precipitation or rainfall duration as the weight to perform weighted averaging on the rain peak coefficients of different durations. The influence mechanism of the antecedent precipitation on the runoff process is relatively clear, but there is a lack of theoretical support for its influence on the rainfall peak position. On the other hand, for short-duration storm processes, the weight of the antecedent precipitation is relatively large; for long-duration storm processes, the influence is small, and even the weight is zero. This weakens the statistical value of long-duration typical storm processes, which is contrary to the continuously improving standards of urban drainage and flood prevention in China. Using the rainfall duration as the weight can make up for the deficiencies of the antecedent precipitation method. However, due to the complexity of the storm formation mechanism, the relationship between the storm peak position and the duration has not been clearly defined so far, resulting in doubts about the scientific basis of this method.

[0004] Therefore, in the context of frequent extreme weather and continuously improving drainage and flood prevention standards, it is necessary to propose and establish a calculation method for the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric shape of the rainstorm process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a calculation method for the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric morphology of the rainstorm process, which can effectively strengthen the theoretical basis of the Chicago rain pattern analysis and improve the method system for calculating and designing rainstorms and rain pattern analysis. This method not only has good practical value but also has a strong theoretical basis.

[0006] To achieve the above object and technical effects, the present invention is implemented by the following technical solutions:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention provides a calculation method for the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric morphology of the rainstorm process, including the following steps:

[0008] Year by year, statistically analyze the rainfall processes corresponding to the annual maximum rainfall within each rainfall duration, record the start time, peak time, and end time, and calculate the rain peak position coefficient to obtain the single-duration rain peak position coefficients for each year of each rainfall duration; the rainfall durations include 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min, 150 min, and 180 min.

[0009] Screen the single-duration rain peak position coefficients for each year of each rainfall duration to obtain the screened single-duration rain peak position coefficients for each year of each rainfall duration.

[0010] According to the screened single-duration rain peak position coefficients for each year of each rainfall duration, calculate the arithmetic mean of the single-duration rain peak position coefficients for each rainfall duration.

[0011] According to the arithmetic mean of the single-duration rain peak position coefficients for each rainfall duration, calculate the comprehensive rain peak position coefficient according to the following formula:

[0012]

[0013] Where: is the rainfall duration, which is generally taken as 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 according to the "Outdoor Drainage Design Standard"; is the number of rainfall durations; represents the arithmetic mean of the single-duration rain peak position coefficients of the rainfall duration; represents the arithmetic mean of the single-duration rain peak position coefficients at the rainfall duration of 180 min; represents the relative rain peak position coefficient in the design rainfall process at the rainfall duration of 180 min.

[0014] This comprehensive rain peak position coefficient is the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric morphology of the rainstorm process.

[0015] Furthermore, statistically analyze the rainfall processes corresponding to the annual maximum rainfall amounts for each rainfall duration year by year, including:

[0016] For a single rainfall duration , within a year, use the minute-by-minute sliding statistical method to select the rainfall process corresponding to the annual maximum rainfall amount for this rainfall duration;

[0017] The total number of years for recording the statistical data of the rainfall amounts for each rainfall duration is greater than or equal to 20 years.

[0018] Furthermore, the calculation formula for the rain peak position coefficient is:

[0019]

[0020] Among them, , , are the start time, peak time, and end time respectively.

[0021] Furthermore, screen the rain peak position coefficients for each year of each rainfall duration, including:

[0022] Screen according to the standard that the annual maximum rainfall amount is less than the design rainfall amount with a frequency of 99%.

[0023] Furthermore, when calculating the single-duration rain peak position coefficient, in accordance with the "Technical Guidelines for the Compilation of Urban Rainstorm Intensity Formulas and the Determination of Design Rainstorm Rain Patterns", calculate the single-duration rain peak position coefficients for rainfall durations of 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min, 150 min, and 180 min in sequence, denoted as , where takes 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180.

[0024] Furthermore, the method also includes:

[0025] Substitute the calculated comprehensive rain peak position coefficient into the Chicago rain pattern instantaneous rainfall intensity formula , and then the Chicago design rainstorm process can be calculated.

[0026] In the formula, , , , are the design rainstorm intensity formulas obtained from rainstorm frequency analysis; is the design rainstorm recurrence period, with the unit of year; is the design peak time, calculated from the formula ; is the rain peak division ratio. When , , when When 。

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a device for calculating the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric morphology of the rainstorm process, including a processor and a storage medium;

[0028] The storage medium is used for storing instructions;

[0029] The processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the method according to the first aspect.

[0030] In a third aspect, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to the first aspect are realized.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention:

[0032] 1. Based on the proportional relationship of the geometric morphology of the design rainstorm process, the present invention designs a method for calculating the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern. Compared with the existing calculation method based on the antecedent precipitation and rainfall duration as weights, the present invention takes the relative position of the rain peak position coefficient in the 180-minute duration process as the calculation principle, overcoming the problem of weak theoretical basis of the existing method.

[0033] 2. The present invention derives a formula for calculating the comprehensive rain peak position coefficient, 。This formula can be directly applied to the analysis and calculation of the design rainstorm rain pattern, effectively simplifying the calculation method of the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric morphology of the rainstorm process, thereby optimizing the steps of theoretical application. This innovation significantly improves the work efficiency of rainwater design workers and makes the process more convenient.

[0034] 3. In the above formula for calculating the comprehensive rain peak position coefficient derived by the present invention, the weight of the rain peak position coefficient corresponding to the statistical rainfall duration is 。This weight increases correspondingly with the increase of the statistical rainfall duration, which is consistent with the trend of the continuous improvement of the urban drainage and waterlogging prevention standards in China. This design can effectively meet the needs of the future upgrade of the urban drainage system standard, reflecting the forward-looking consideration of the future development of the urban drainage system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] Figure 1 It is a frequency example diagram of the rain peak position coefficient for a rainfall duration of 180 minutes;

[0036] Figure 2 It is a superposition diagram of the rainfall duration and the 180-minute design rainfall process;

[0037] Figure 3It is a geometric fusion diagram of the designed rainfall process with a rainfall duration of 180 minutes;

[0038] Figure 4 It is a diagram showing the hourly distribution process of the Chicago design storm rainfall pattern with a rainfall duration of 180 minutes and a return period of 20 years in a certain city;

[0039] Figure 5 It is a flow chart for calculating the comprehensive rainfall peak coefficient of the Chicago rainfall pattern based on the geometric shape of the storm process. Specific implementation mode

[0040] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are only used to more clearly illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and should not be used to limit the protection scope of the present invention.

[0041] As Figure 5 shown, the present invention provides a method for calculating the comprehensive rainfall peak coefficient of the Chicago rainfall pattern based on the geometric shape of the storm process, which can effectively strengthen the theoretical basis of the Chicago rainfall pattern analysis and improve the method system for calculating the design storm and rainfall pattern analysis. The specific steps are as follows:

[0042] 1. For a single rainfall duration , within one year, using the sliding statistical method minute by minute, select the rainfall process corresponding to the annual maximum rainfall of this rainfall duration, and record the start time, peak time, and end time as , , respectively. Then the rainfall peak occurrence duration of this rainfall process is , and the rainfall peak position coefficient is .

[0043] All settings need to be counted. T is generally not set by oneself, and generally 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 minutes are selected.

[0044] 2. For the rainfall data of n years, according to the above method, calculate the rainfall peak position coefficient of the maximum rainfall process of the rainfall duration year by year. Calculate the rainfall peak position coefficient r of each year according to the method in step 1, and for a total of n years, form a time series composed of n different rainfall peak position coefficients r.

[0045] According to the "Outdoor Drainage Design Standard", when the annual maximum value method is adopted, the total number of years of the statistical data of the rainfall of each rainfall duration is greater than or equal to 20 years.

[0046] 3. For the annual rainfall peak position coefficients , screen out m years of valid data according to a certain standard (such as, the annual maximum rainfall is less than the design rainfall with a frequency of 99%). Therefore, for this single rainfall duration , and its rain peak position coefficient is calculated by arithmetic mean, that is, ,in , .

[0047] For a rainfall duration, the maximum rainfall process of each year corresponds to an annual maximum rainfall (i.e. the total rainfall of the process) and a rain peak position (the peak position of the process). These correspond one to one.

[0048] The smaller the annual maximum rainfall value, the greater its frequency of occurrence (99% here), and the smaller the reference value of the corresponding process (rain peak position) for outdoor drainage design (the "Outdoor Drainage Design Standard" (GB50014-2021) uses the heavy rain intensity formula application scenario of the annual maximum value method, and the minimum design recurrence period is 2 years). Therefore, the rain peak position coefficient corresponding to the annual maximum rainfall with excessive frequency is removed to reduce the impact of invalid data.

[0049] Therefore, the rain peak position coefficient of the annual maximum rainfall corresponding to the annual maximum rainfall with a rainfall frequency greater than 99% is eliminated.

[0050] In other words, the design rainfall with a calculation frequency of 99% is used, and the rain peak position coefficient corresponding to the annual maximum rainfall greater than the threshold is retained, while that less than the threshold is eliminated.

[0051] This approach has been reflected in existing research (Ma Jingjin, Song Lili, Zhang Xiaojing. Comparative study of two different sampling methods of Pilgrim & Cordery design rainfall patterns [J]. Heavy Rain Disasters, 2016, 35(3):7. DOI:10.3969 / j.issn.1004-9045.2015.03.004.), in which the threshold value was once a year.

[0052] The frequency corresponding to "once in a year" is 100%, which is a deterministic event, which contradicts the random basis of the heavy rain frequency analysis based on the annual maximum method. Therefore, in this method, it is changed to 99% frequency (the design rainfall is numerically close to once in a year).

[0053] 4. Repeat the above method and calculate the single-duration rain peak position coefficients of 30 minutes, 60 minutes, 90 minutes, 120 minutes, 150 minutes and 180 minutes in accordance with the Technical Guidelines for the Preparation of Urban Rainstorm Intensity Formula and Determination of Rainstorm Type Design, and record them as ,in Choose 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180.

[0054] According to the "Technical Guidelines for the Preparation of Urban Rainstorm Intensity Formulas and the Determination of Design Rain Patterns" (Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development, 2014), the rainfall process samples adopt the annual maximum samples calculated by sliding minute by minute. That is, within a year, according to the rainfall duration, the rainfall amount for any continuous period is cumulatively calculated; then the rainfall amounts are sorted, and the process corresponding to the maximum rainfall amount is selected as the annual maximum process sample for that duration in that year.

[0055] 5. According to the same-frequency characteristics of the Chicago design rain pattern, for a determined rain peak position coefficient, in this design rain pattern, the rain peak position coefficients of the maximum rainfall processes for any duration are the same. Taking the rain peak position coefficient of 180 min as an example, when calculating the Chicago design rain pattern, for any duration less than 180 min within the design rain pattern process, its rain peak position coefficient is equal to , within Figure 1 it is expressed as . Among them, ; denoted as , representing the duration corresponding to the maximum rainfall process for any duration less than 180 min. Here, take 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, , , respectively represent the start time, peak time, and end time of this process.

[0056] 6. In the Chicago design rain pattern with a rainfall duration of 180 min, , draw the design rainfall process with a duration of and a rain peak position coefficient of between (the orange solid line in Figure 2 ). In Figure 2 , .

[0057] 7. Splice the part before and the part after in the 180-min duration design rainfall process with the design rainfall process with a duration of to form a new curve that integrates the rain pattern process characteristics of 180 min and rainfall durations (see the red wavy line part in Figure 3 ).

[0058] 8. Calculate the rain peak position coefficient of the rainfall peak time in the 180-min rainfall duration. The specific derivation process is as follows.

[0059] The numerator part:

[0060]

[0061] Substitute into the formula, we get:

[0062]

[0063] Where: is the rainfall duration, generally taking 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180 according to the "Outdoor Drainage Design Standard"; is the number of rainfall durations; represents the rainfall duration average value of the rain peak position coefficient of the annual maximum rainfall process over the years; represents the average value of the rain peak position coefficient of the annual maximum rainfall process at a rainfall duration of 180 min; represents relative rain peak position coefficient in the design rainfall process with a rainfall duration of 180 min.

[0064] After verification, regardless of , the relative position at any time, the above formula holds.

[0065] 9. According to the above formula, calculate the relative rain peak position coefficients of the rain peak position coefficients with rainfall durations of 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min, and 150 min in the design rainfall process with a rainfall duration of 180 min , , , , . At the same time, it can be seen from the above formula that .

[0066] 10. Under the condition of the same rainfall duration, the comprehensive rain peak position coefficient can be calculated by arithmetic mean, that is , where takes 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180. This comprehensive rain peak position coefficient is the Chicago rain type comprehensive rain peak coefficient based on the geometric shape of the rainstorm process.

[0067] 11. Substitute the above comprehensive rain peak position coefficient into the Chicago rain type instantaneous rainfall intensity formula , and the Chicago design rainstorm process can be calculated. In the formula, , , , is the design rainstorm intensity formula, obtained from rainstorm frequency analysis; is the design rainstorm recurrence period, with the unit of year; is the design peak time, from formula Calculated; is the rain peak segmentation ratio. When then When then .

[0068] Example 1:

[0069] This embodiment of the present invention is illustrated by taking the analysis and calculation of the design storm rain pattern in a certain city as an example.

[0070] 1. Implementation environment

[0071] This method can be implemented by deploying on a computer.

[0072] Hardware requirements: The main frequency of the central processing unit (CPU) ≥ 1 GHz. It is recommended that the memory configuration ≥ 4G DDR4 memory. The hard disk should use a mechanical / solid state drive of more than 128 GB.

[0073] System software requirements: The operating system is Windows 8.1 or above. The deployed application software can choose Microsoft Excel 2016 or above version, or can also choose a programming environment of Python 3.8 or above.

[0074] 2. Applicable scenarios

[0075] This method is mainly applicable to the determination of the comprehensive rain peak position coefficient in the urban design storm rain pattern formula (Chicago method). Based on this parameter, the distribution process of the design rainfall during the rainfall duration is realized, which can be applied to the design and optimization of the scale of municipal drainage facilities; it can be used as the input of the urban waterlogging hydrological model to evaluate the urban flood risk and guide flood control emergency response; it can also be used for the design of rainwater resource recycling to calculate the timing and quantity of rainwater collection, so as to determine the capacity of rainwater collection facilities.

[0076] 3. Overall concept

[0077] Aiming at the shortcomings of the traditional calculation of the comprehensive rain peak position coefficient, the present invention makes full use of the characteristics of the same frequency of the Chicago design rain pattern; calculates the long-duration design rain pattern according to the long-duration rain peak position coefficient; on this basis, determines the short-duration rainfall occurrence period on this rainfall process (determined by the same frequency method), calculates the design rain pattern within this period by using the short-duration rain peak position coefficient obtained by statistical analysis, and stitches it with the part outside this period of the original long-duration design rain pattern to form a new long-duration design rain pattern, and calculates its rain peak position coefficient; finally, on the unified long rainfall duration, arithmetic average all the rain peak position coefficients as the Chicago rain pattern comprehensive rain peak position coefficient based on the geometric shape of the storm process; the present invention also deduces the comprehensive calculation formula.

[0078] The specific method includes, for example Figure 5 as shown in

[0079] Step 1: According to the sliding statistical method per minute, select the rainfall process corresponding to the annual maximum rainfall of this rainfall duration, eliminate the rainfall process corresponding to the annual maximum rainfall with a rainfall frequency greater than 99%, and then calculate the rain peak position coefficient for each year and each duration according to the formula The results are as follows.

[0080] Table 1 Rain peak position coefficient of rainstorm processes with rainfall frequency less than 99% at typical rainfall stations in a certain city

[0081]

[0082] Table 1 - Continued Rain peak position coefficient of rainstorm processes with rainfall frequency less than 99% at typical rainfall stations in a certain city - Continued

[0083]

[0084] Step 2: Calculate the average of the rain peak position coefficients of the maximum growth samples of the same duration for each year, and the following table can be obtained.

[0085] Table 2 Rain peak position coefficient of different statistical rainfall durations in a certain city

[0086]

[0087] Step 3: Calculate the comprehensive rain peak position coefficient according to the formula designed in the present invention It can be obtained that is 0.438.

[0088] Step 4: The parameters of the design storm intensity formula in this city , , , are 77.287, 0.994, 29.7, 1.102 respectively. Substitute the above five parameters into the instantaneous rainfall intensity formula of the Chicago rain pattern, and the design storm rain pattern for any duration and return period can be obtained. Taking the rainfall duration of 180 min and the return period of 20 years as an example, with a time interval of 5 min, the Chicago design storm rain pattern is shown in the following figure.

[0089] Example 2:

[0090] This example provides a Chicago rain pattern comprehensive rain peak coefficient calculation device based on the geometric shape of the rainstorm process, including a processor and a storage medium;

[0091] The storage medium is used to store instructions;

[0092] The processor is configured to operate according to the instructions to perform the steps of the method according to Embodiment 1.

[0093] Embodiment 3:

[0094] This embodiment provides a computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, and when the program is executed by a processor, the steps of the method according to Embodiment 1 are implemented.

[0095] Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as a method, a system, or a computer program product. Therefore, the present application can take the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present application can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0096] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatuses (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or block in the flowchart and / or block diagram can be implemented by computer program instructions, and the combination of the flows and / or blocks in the flowchart and / or block diagram can also be implemented. These computer program instructions can be provided to the processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing devices to generate a machine, such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing devices generate means for implementing the functions specified in one Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one block or multiple blocks.

[0097] These computer program instructions can also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory generate a manufactured article including instruction means that implement the functions specified in one Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one block or multiple blocks.

[0098] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, such that a series of operation steps are performed on the computer or other programmable device to generate a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one Figure 1 one flow or multiple flows and / or blocks Figure 1 one block or multiple blocks.

[0099] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A calculation method for the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric morphology of the rainstorm process, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: Statistically analyze the rainfall processes corresponding to the annual maximum rainfall amounts within each year for each rainfall duration year by year, record the start time, peak time, and end time, and calculate the rain peak position coefficient to obtain the single-duration rain peak position coefficients for each year of each rainfall duration; the rainfall durations include 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min, 150 min, and 180 min; Screen the single-duration rain peak position coefficients for each year of each rainfall duration to obtain the screened single-duration rain peak position coefficients for each year of each rainfall duration; Calculate the arithmetic mean of the single-duration rain peak position coefficients for each rainfall duration based on the screened single-duration rain peak position coefficients for each year of each rainfall duration; According to the arithmetic mean of the single-duration rain peak position coefficients for each rainfall duration, calculate the comprehensive rain peak position coefficient according to the following formula : ； Wherein: is the rainfall duration; is the number of rainfall durations; represents the rainfall duration arithmetic mean of the single-duration rainfall peak position coefficients; represents the arithmetic mean of the single-duration rainfall peak position coefficients at a rainfall duration of 180 min; represents relative rainfall peak position coefficient in the design rainfall process at a rainfall duration of 180 min.

2. The method for calculating the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric morphology of the rainstorm process according to claim 1, wherein Statistically analyze the rainfall processes corresponding to the annual maximum rainfall amounts within each year for each rainfall duration year by year, including: For a single rainfall duration , within one year, the rainfall process corresponding to the annual maximum rainfall amount of this rainfall duration is selected by using the minute-by-minute sliding statistical method; The total number of years of record of the rainfall amount statistical data for each rainfall duration is greater than or equal to 20 years.

3. The calculation method of the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric morphology of the rainstorm process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The calculation formula for the rain peak position coefficient r is: ； Among them, , , are the start time, the peak time, and the end time respectively, and t is the peak duration.

4. The method for calculating the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric morphology of the rainstorm process according to claim 1, wherein Screen the rain peak position coefficients for each year of each rainfall duration, including: Eliminate the rain peak position coefficients corresponding to the annual maximum rainfall amounts with an annual maximum rainfall less than the design rainfall amount with a frequency of 99%.

5. The method for calculating the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric morphology of the rainstorm process according to claim 1, wherein When calculating the single-duration rain peak position coefficient, in accordance with the Technical Guidelines for the Compilation of Urban Rainstorm Intensity Formulas and the Determination of Design Rainstorm Rain Patterns, calculate the single-duration rain peak position coefficients for rainfall durations of 30 min, 60 min, 90 min, 120 min, 150 min, and 180 min in sequence, denoted as , where Take 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180.

6. The calculation method of the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric morphology of the rainstorm process according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: Substitute the calculated comprehensive rain peak position coefficient into the instantaneous rainfall intensity formula of the Chicago rainfall pattern , and then the Chicago design storm process can be calculated; In the formula, is the instantaneous rainfall intensity of the Chicago rainfall pattern, , , , are the design parameters of the design rainstorm intensity formula, obtained from the rainstorm frequency analysis; is the design rainstorm recurrence period, with the unit of year; is the design peak moment; is the rain peak division ratio, t is the real-time rainfall duration, when , , when , .

7. A device for calculating the comprehensive rain peak coefficient of the Chicago rain pattern based on the geometric morphology of the rainstorm process, characterized in that, It includes a processor and a storage medium; The storage medium is used to store instructions; The processor is used to operate according to the instructions to execute the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

8. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that, When the program is executed by the processor, it implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 6.

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