New working medium Brayton cycle system multifunctional comprehensive experiment platform and experiment method

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional comprehensive experimental platform and experimental method for a new working medium Brayton cycle system, and belongs to the technical field of thermal engineering experiments. The problem that an experimental device for researching unknown transient characteristics such as start / stop / power change of a new working medium Brayton cycle system, unknown transient safety characteristics under various typical accident conditions, a reliable start / stop / accident safety control strategy and composite control strategy thermal safety characteristics is lacked is solved. The device comprises a new working medium gas charging and discharging system, a Brayton cycle main loop system, a circulating cooling water system, a simulated crevasse system, a measuring instrument system and a power distribution cabinet, the simulation crevasse system comprises a first manual stop valve, a first crevasse test point, a movable crevasse eruption collecting device and the like which are located on a branch near an inlet of the temperature and pressure reducing device and connected in sequence. The device is mainly used for experimental research of the new working medium Brayton cycle system.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of thermal engineering experiments, and particularly relates to a multi-functional integrated experimental platform and experimental method for a new working fluid Brayton cycle system. Background Art

[0002] Remote islands are severely lacking in electric energy due to their remoteness from the mainland and lack of infrastructure, which seriously restricts the development and construction of the islands. The gas-cooled reactor combined with the direct Brayton cycle energy conversion method has the advantages of simple system, easy construction, small volume and mass, and high power generation efficiency. In addition, the hot side temperature of the cooler in the high-temperature gas-cooled reactor Brayton cycle system is relatively high, and its waste heat has the possibility of being reused as a heat supply source for indoor heating of the whole island. For gas-cooled reactors, helium is usually used as the circulating working fluid for the direct Brayton cycle. However, relevant research shows that the use of new working fluids such as supercritical carbon dioxide, helium, and nitrogen can significantly reduce the size of the reactor system and lower the construction cost and difficulty of island nuclear power plants. Therefore, the new working fluid Brayton cycle reactor system has broad application prospects in power / electricity / heat supply in island scenarios.

[0003] In recent years, China has also accelerated the relevant R & D process, and relevant universities, research institutions and industrial departments in the country have jointly carried out valuable demonstration and research work. The relevant research in China is in its infancy and faces the lack of experimental means for the new working fluid Brayton cycle system with high precision, multi-function and scientific rationality. In addition, for problems such as the unclear transient characteristics of the new working fluid Brayton cycle system during startup / shutdown / power change, the unclear transient safety characteristics under various typical accident conditions, the lack of reliable startup / shutdown / accident safety control strategies, and the unclear thermal safety characteristics of the composite control strategy, there is an urgent need to build a multi-functional integrated experimental platform for the new working fluid Brayton cycle system. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, in order to solve the problem of the lack of experimental devices for studying the unclear transient characteristics of the new working fluid Brayton cycle system during startup / shutdown / power change, the unclear transient safety characteristics under various typical accident conditions, the lack of reliable startup / shutdown / accident safety control strategies, and the unclear thermal safety characteristics of the composite control strategy. A multi-functional integrated experimental platform and experimental method for a new working fluid Brayton cycle system are proposed to assist relevant experimental research.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A multi-functional integrated experimental platform for a new working fluid Brayton cycle system, comprising a new working fluid gas charging and discharging system, a Brayton cycle main loop system, a circulating cooling water system, a simulated break system, and a measuring instrument system;

[0006] The new working fluid gas charging and discharging system is used to provide experimental gases;

[0007] The Brayton cycle main loop system includes a first electric heater, a second Venturi flowmeter, a first Venturi flowmeter, a desuperheating and pressure reducing device, a recuperator, a pipeline mixer, a cooler, a first Coriolis flowmeter, a compressor, a second electric heater, a second Coriolis flowmeter, and a buffer tank connected in sequence. The outlet of the buffer tank is connected to the inlet of the cold side of the recuperator, and the outlet of the cold side of the recuperator is connected to the inlet of the first electric heater to form a circulation loop;

[0008] The circulating cooling water system includes a chiller, a cooler, a compressor, and a desuperheating and pressure reducing device. The cooler, the compressor, and the desuperheating and pressure reducing device are respectively connected in series with the chiller. A third electric control valve is provided between the chiller and the desuperheating and pressure reducing device, a fourth electric control valve is provided between the chiller and the compressor, and a fifth electric control valve is provided between the chiller and the cooler;

[0009] The simulated break system includes a first manual stop valve and a first break test point connected in sequence on a branch road near the inlet of the desuperheating and pressure reducing device, a second manual stop valve and a second break test point connected in sequence on a branch road near the outlet of the desuperheating and pressure reducing device, a third manual stop valve and a third break test point connected in sequence on a branch road near the inlet of the compressor, a fourth manual stop valve and a fourth break test point connected in sequence on a branch road near the outlet of the second electric heater, and a movable break eruption collection device;

[0010] The measuring instrument system is arranged on the Brayton cycle main loop system for measuring and monitoring the temperature and pressure of the Brayton cycle main loop system.

[0011] Furthermore, a vacuum pumping device is provided. The vacuum pumping device includes a fifth manual stop valve and a vacuum pump, and the buffer tank, the fifth manual stop valve, and the vacuum pump are connected in sequence.

[0012] Furthermore, the new working fluid gas charging and discharging system includes a high-pressure gas cylinder group, a low-pressure gas cylinder group, and a buffer tank. The buffer tank is respectively connected to the high-pressure gas cylinder group and the low-pressure gas cylinder group. A first manual diaphragm valve is provided between the high-pressure gas cylinder group and the buffer tank, and a third manual diaphragm valve is provided between the low-pressure gas cylinder group and the buffer tank;

[0013] An inflation bypass is also provided between the high-pressure gas cylinder group and the buffer tank. A second manual diaphragm valve and an air pump are provided on the inflation bypass

[0014] A safety valve is provided at the top of the buffer tank.

[0015] Furthermore, an emergency cooling safety protection system is also provided. The emergency cooling safety protection system includes a cooling water tank, a first cooling sleeve, and a second cooling sleeve. The cooling water tank is respectively connected to the first cooling sleeve and the second cooling sleeve. A first electric gate valve is provided between the cooling water tank and the first cooling sleeve, and a second electric gate valve is provided between the cooling water tank and the second cooling sleeve. The first cooling sleeve is located on the inlet pipeline of the first electric heater, and the second cooling sleeve is located on the outlet pipeline of the hot side of the cooler.

[0016] Furthermore, the measuring instrument system includes a thermocouple, a pressure transmitter, and a differential pressure transmitter.

[0017] Furthermore, the desuperheating and pressure reducing device includes an electric pressure reducing valve and a heat exchanger connected in sequence. The heat exchangers of the regenerator, the cooler, and the desuperheating and pressure reducing device all adopt printed circuit board heat exchangers.

[0018] Furthermore, the movable break eruption collection device includes a sixth manual stop valve, a third electric gate valve, a third venturi flowmeter, and an air bottle connected in sequence.

[0019] Furthermore, the Brayton cycle main loop system further includes a first bypass control pipeline, a second bypass control pipeline, and a third bypass control pipeline;

[0020] The inlet end of the first bypass control pipeline is located on the connecting pipeline between the first venturi flowmeter and the second venturi flowmeter, and the outlet end is connected to the pipeline mixer;

[0021] The inlet end of the second bypass control pipeline is located on the connecting pipeline between the first Coriolis flowmeter and the compressor, and the outlet end is located on the connecting pipeline between the cold side outlet of the regenerator and the inlet of the first electric heater;

[0022] The inlet end of the third bypass control pipeline is located on the connecting pipeline between the second electric heater and the second Coriolis flowmeter, and the outlet end is connected to the pipeline mixer;

[0023] A first electric regulating valve is provided on the first bypass control pipeline, a second electric regulating valve and a check valve are provided on the second bypass control pipeline, and a sixth electric regulating valve is provided on the third bypass control pipeline.

[0024] Furthermore, it also includes a power distribution cabinet. The power distribution cabinet is connected to the measuring instrument system and all the electric control equipment of the experimental platform, supplies power and controls them, and simultaneously realizes data information interaction; a PLC is provided inside the power distribution cabinet, and the computer controls the experiment through the PLC.

[0025] For the experimental method of the above-mentioned multifunctional comprehensive experimental platform for a new working fluid Brayton cycle system, the start-up experiment of the new working fluid Brayton cycle system is carried out, including the following steps:

[0026] S1. Before the experiment, calibrate the measurement instrument system to ensure that all valves are in the closed state;

[0027] S2. Add deionized water to the circulating cooling water system circuit so that the water storage capacity in the water tank of the chiller meets the experimental requirements;

[0028] S3. Charge the working fluid gas into the experimental circulation circuit through the new working fluid gas charging and discharging system so that the pressure of the experimental circulation circuit reaches 1 MPa;

[0029] S4. Open the third electric control valve, the fourth electric control valve and the fifth electric control valve, and increase their opening degrees to 100%, and then start the water pump of the chiller;

[0030] S5. Start the compressor and regulate the rotational speed of the compressor to the maximum;

[0031] S6. Regulate the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device so that the inlet pressure of the pressure reduction unit is twice the outlet pressure;

[0032] S7. Increase the electric power of the first electric heater so that the outlet temperature of the first electric heater reaches 600 °C;

[0033] S8. Reduce the opening degree of the third electric control valve so that the outlet temperature of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device rises to 420 °C. During this period, regulate the electric power of the first electric heater to maintain the outlet temperature of the first electric heater at 600 °C;

[0034] S9. Increase the electric power of the second electric heater so that the power of the second electric heater is equal to the cooling power of the compressor;

[0035] S10. If the outlet pressure of the compressor is greater than 4 MPa at this time, discharge the gaseous working fluid in the experimental circulation circuit through the new working fluid gas charging and discharging system so that the outlet pressure of the compressor is reduced to 4 MPa. If the outlet pressure of the compressor is less than 4 MPa at this time, charge the gaseous working fluid into the experimental circulation circuit through the new working fluid gas charging and discharging system so that the outlet pressure of the compressor is increased to 4 MPa;

[0036] S11. Regulate the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device so that the inlet pressure of the pressure reduction unit is twice the outlet pressure, and complete the start-up experiment.

[0037] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the experimental device and experimental method of the Brayton cycle reactor system described in the present invention are as follows:

[0038] 1. For the new working fluid Brayton cycle system, the present invention scientifically and reasonably designs a comprehensive experimental platform that can be used for the study of the steady-state and transient characteristics of the new working fluid Brayton cycle system, increasing the choice of experimental devices for related research.

[0039] 2. The comprehensive experimental platform provided by the present invention has high accuracy, and the measuring points of the measuring instrument system are very comprehensive, which can ensure that the key system parameters such as temperature, pressure, power and flow are all in a detectable state.

[0040] 3. The new working fluid gas filling and exhaust system of the present invention can accurately control the system pressure at the set value.

[0041] 4. The buffer tank safety valve and emergency cooling safety protection system of the present invention can realize pressure and temperature safety protection of the experimental platform. The circulating cooling water system recycles water resources, eliminates water resource waste, and is highly environmentally friendly.

[0042] 5. The experimental platform of the present invention can conduct experimental research on the system under normal operating transient conditions such as start-up, shutdown, power regulation, various typical accident transient conditions, various bypass control transient conditions and breach spraying extreme transient conditions, as well as natural circulation related experimental research.

[0043] 6. The main experimental equipment of the experimental platform of the present invention are all electronic control equipment, which can be remotely controlled by computer through PLC, making the experimental platform more advanced and intelligent. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The accompanying drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0045] Figure 1 The overall structural connection circuit diagram of the experimental platform of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 It is the connection circuit diagram of the circulating cooling water system of the experimental platform of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the installation position of the measuring instrument system of the experimental platform of the present invention

[0048] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a movable breach eruption collection device for a simulated breach system of the experimental platform of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional model of the experimental platform of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 It is a top view of the three-dimensional model of the experimental platform of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 7 This is a front view of the three-dimensional model of the experimental platform of the present invention;

[0052] Figure 8 The three-dimensional model of the experimental platform of the present invention Figure 7Partial enlarged view at location A in the [Chinese context].

[0053] In the figure: 1 - First electric heater; 2 - Cooling water tank; 3 - First cooling sleeve; 4 - Regenerator; 5 - Pipeline mixer; 6 - Cooler; 7 - Chiller; 8 - Compressor; 9 - Second electric heater; 10 - Buffer tank; 11 - Vacuum pump; 12 - Air pump; 13 - Temperature and pressure reducing device; 15 - Power distribution cabinet; 17 - Second cooling sleeve; 18 - High-pressure gas cylinder group; 19 - Low-pressure gas cylinder group; 20 - First rupture test point; 21 - Second rupture test point; 22 - Third rupture test point; 23 - Fourth rupture test point; 24 - Air bottle;

[0054] FT1 - First Venturi flowmeter; FT2 - Second Venturi flowmeter; FT3 - Third Venturi flowmeter;

[0055] FR1 - First Coriolis flowmeter; FR2 - Second Coriolis flowmeter;

[0056] JV1 - First manual globe valve; JV2 - Second manual globe valve; JV3 - Third manual globe valve; JV4 - Fourth manual globe valve; JV5 - Fifth manual globe valve; JV6 - Sixth manual globe valve;

[0057] GV1 - First manual diaphragm pump; GV2 - Second manual diaphragm pump; GV3 - Third manual diaphragm pump;

[0058] XV1 - First electric gate valve; XV2 - Second electric gate valve; XV3 - Third electric gate valve; ZV1 - Check valve;

[0059] RV1 - First electric control valve; RV2 - Second electric control valve; RV3 - Third electric control valve; RV4 - Fourth electric control valve; RV5 - Fifth electric control valve; RV6 - Sixth electric control valve;

[0060] T01 to T15 - First thermocouple to fifteenth thermocouple; P01 to P15 - First pressure transmitter to fifteenth pressure transmitter; DP01 to DP04 - First differential pressure transmitter to fourth differential pressure transmitter. Specific embodiments

[0061] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. The described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments.

[0062] I. Specific embodiment one, see Figures 1-8To describe this embodiment, a multifunctional integrated experimental platform for a new working fluid Brayton cycle system according to the present application includes a new working fluid gas filling and discharging system, a Brayton cycle main loop system, a circulating cooling water system, a simulated break system, and a measuring instrument system;

[0063] The new working fluid gas filling and discharging system is used to provide experimental gases;

[0064] The Brayton cycle main loop system includes a first electric heater 1, a second Venturi flowmeter FT2, a first Venturi flowmeter FT1, a temperature and pressure reducing device 13, a regenerator 4, a pipeline mixer 5, a cooler 6, a first Coriolis flowmeter FR1, a compressor 8, a second electric heater 9, a second Coriolis flowmeter FR2, and a buffer tank 10, which are connected in sequence. The outlet of the first electric heater 1 is connected to the inlet of the second Venturi flowmeter FT2, the outlet of the second Venturi flowmeter FT2 is connected to the inlet of the first Venturi flowmeter FT1, the outlet of the first Venturi flowmeter FT1 is connected to the inlet of the temperature and pressure reducing device 13, the outlet of the temperature and pressure reducing device 13 is connected to the hot side inlet of the regenerator 4, the hot side outlet of the regenerator 4 is connected to the inlet of the pipeline mixer 5, the outlet of the pipeline mixer 5 is connected to the hot side inlet of the cooler 6, the hot side outlet of the cooler 6 is connected to the inlet of the first Coriolis flowmeter FR1, the outlet of the first Coriolis flowmeter FR1 is connected to the inlet of the compressor 8, the outlet of the compressor 8 is connected to the inlet of the second electric heater 9, the outlet of the second electric heater 9 is connected to the inlet of the second Coriolis flowmeter FR2, the outlet of the second Coriolis flowmeter FR2 is connected to the inlet of the buffer tank 10, the outlet of the buffer tank 10 is connected to the cold side inlet of the regenerator 4, and the cold side outlet of the regenerator 4 is connected to the inlet of the first electric heater 1. In the present invention, the first electric heater 1 serves as the heat source of the Brayton cycle main loop system to heat the working fluid to a high temperature. The high-temperature working fluid reduces its pressure and temperature through the temperature and pressure reducing device 13. Further, the working fluid is pre-cooled through the hot side of the regenerator 4, and then the working fluid flows through the hot side of the cooler 6 and is cooled again. After the working fluid comes out of the hot side of the cooler 6, it enters the new working fluid gas compressor 8 and is compressed and cooled simultaneously. Then the working fluid is heated in the second electric heater 2, and the heating power is the same as the power by which the working fluid is cooled in the new working fluid gas compressor 8, so as to achieve temperature rise compensation. After that, the working fluid is pre-heated through the cold side of the regenerator 4 and then sent back to the first electric heater 1 for heating to perform cyclic operation. The above-mentioned electric heaters all adopt pressure vessel type electric heaters, and the compressor 8 adopts a diaphragm compressor, which can perform variable speed regulation.

[0065] The circulating cooling water system includes a chiller 7, a cooler 6, a compressor 8, and a desuperheating and pressure-reducing device 13. The cooler 6, the compressor 8, and the desuperheating and pressure-reducing device 13 are respectively connected in series with the chiller 7. A third electric control valve RV3 is provided between the chiller 7 and the desuperheating and pressure-reducing device 13, a fourth electric control valve RV4 is provided between the chiller 7 and the compressor 8, and a fifth electric control valve RV5 is provided between the chiller 7 and the cooler 6. In the present invention, the chiller 7 uses the outside air as the ultimate heat sink and deionized water as the cooling water. The chiller 7 has two fans, which drive the air to cool the deionized water in the water tank, so as to provide constant low-temperature deionized water. The deionized water is driven by a built-in water pump of the chiller 7. By respectively adjusting the valve openings of the third electric control valve RV3, the fourth electric control valve RV4, and the fifth electric control valve RV5, the deionized water flow rates of the cold side of the cooler 6, the cooling water channel of the new working fluid compressor 8, and the cooling water channel of the desuperheating and pressure-reducing device 13 can be respectively adjusted, so as to adjust the corresponding cooling power.

[0066] The simulated break system includes a first manual stop valve JV1 and a first break test point 20 connected in sequence on a branch road near the inlet of the desuperheating and pressure-reducing device 13, a second manual stop valve JV2 and a second break test point 21 connected in sequence on a branch road near the outlet of the desuperheating and pressure-reducing device 13, a third manual stop valve JV3 and a third break test point 22 connected in sequence on a branch road near the inlet of the compressor 8, a fourth manual stop valve JV4 and a fourth break test point 23 connected in sequence on a branch road near the outlet of the second electric heater 9, and a movable break eruption collection device. In this application, transient experimental studies on break conditions can be carried out at four break test points. Taking the break discharge experiment at the first break test point 20 as an example, first, connect the movable break eruption collection device to the first break test point, control the opening of the third electric gate valve XV3, and the gas working fluid in the Brayton cycle main loop system will be discharged into the movable break eruption collection device to complete the simulation of the break eruption state and carry out transient experimental studies on break conditions.

[0067] The measuring instrument system is arranged on the Brayton cycle main loop system for measuring and monitoring the temperature and pressure of the Brayton cycle main loop system;

[0068] This application also is provided with a vacuum pumping device. The vacuum pumping device includes a fifth manual stop valve JV5 and a vacuum pump 11. The buffer tank 10, the fifth manual stop valve JV5, and the vacuum pump 11 are connected in sequence. It is used to evacuate the Brayton cycle main loop before or during the experiment to meet the experimental requirements.

[0069] The new working fluid gas charging and discharging system described in this application includes a high-pressure gas cylinder group 18, a low-pressure gas cylinder group 19, and a buffer tank 10. The buffer tank 10 is respectively connected to the high-pressure gas cylinder group 18 and the low-pressure gas cylinder group 19. A first manual diaphragm valve GV1 is provided between the high-pressure gas cylinder group 18 and the buffer tank 10, and a third manual diaphragm valve GV3 is provided between the low-pressure gas cylinder group 19 and the buffer tank 10. This invention can perform pressurization or decompression according to the pressure requirements of the Brayton cycle main loop system. This invention uses argon or helium-xenon gas as the gas working fluid.

[0070] An inflation bypass is also provided between the high-pressure gas cylinder group 18 and the buffer tank 10. A second manual diaphragm valve GV2 and an air pump 12 are provided on the inflation bypass. When the pressure in the buffer tank 10 is much higher than the pressure in the high-pressure gas cylinder group 18 in this application, the second manual diaphragm valve GV2 is opened and the air pump 12 is started, and the driving force can be provided by the air pump 12 for pressurization.

[0071] A safety valve is provided at the top of the buffer tank 10. When the pressure of the buffer tank exceeds the set safety value, the safety valve automatically opens for spraying and pressure relief, and automatically closes after the pressure of the buffer tank is lower than the set safety value. It prevents danger caused by excessive pressure and increases the safety of the experimental platform.

[0072] This application also provides an emergency cooling safety protection system. The emergency cooling safety protection system includes a cooling water tank 2, a first cooling sleeve 3, and a second cooling sleeve 17. The cooling water tank 2 is respectively connected to the first cooling sleeve 3 and the second cooling sleeve 17. A first electric gate valve XV1 is provided between the cooling water tank 2 and the first cooling sleeve 3, and a second electric gate valve XV2 is provided between the cooling water tank 2 and the second cooling sleeve 17. The first cooling sleeve 3 is located on the inlet pipeline of the first electric heater 1, and the second cooling sleeve 17 is located on the hot side outlet pipeline of the cooler 6. In this invention, the cooling water tank 2 is located higher than the first cooling sleeve 3 and the second cooling sleeve 17. When the outlet temperature of the first electric heater 1 exceeds the set safety value, the first electric gate valve XV1 will automatically open, and the cooling water in the cooling water tank 2 will flow into the first cooling sleeve 3 under the action of gravity, realizing the cooling of the working fluid at the inlet of the first electric heater 1. Similarly, when the outlet temperature of the second electric heater 9 exceeds the set safety value, the second electric gate valve XV2 will automatically open, realizing the cooling of the working fluid at the inlet of the new working fluid gas compressor 8, and improving the safety of the experimental platform.

[0073] The measuring instrument system described in this application includes a thermocouple, a pressure transmitter, and a differential pressure transmitter. The present invention includes the first thermocouple T01 to the fifteenth thermocouple T15, the first pressure transmitter P01 to the fifteenth pressure transmitter P15, and the first differential pressure transmitter DP01 to the fourth differential pressure transmitter DP04. The first thermocouple T01 and the first pressure transmitter P01 are placed near the outlet of the first electric heater 1. The second thermocouple T02 and the second pressure transmitter P02 are placed near the inlet of the first electric heater 1. The third thermocouple T03 and the third pressure transmitter P03 are placed near the inlet of the desuperheating and pressure reducing device 13. The fourth thermocouple T04 and the fourth pressure transmitter P04 are placed near the outlet of the desuperheating and pressure reducing device 13. The fifth thermocouple T05 and the fifth pressure transmitter P05 are placed near the inlet of the hot side of the regenerator 4. The sixth thermocouple T06 and the sixth pressure transmitter P06 are placed near the outlet of the hot side of the regenerator 4. The seventh thermocouple T07 and the seventh pressure transmitter P07 are placed near the inlet of the cold side of the regenerator 4. The eighth thermocouple T08 and the eighth pressure transmitter P08 are placed near the outlet of the buffer tank 10. The ninth thermocouple T09 and the ninth pressure transmitter P09 are placed near the inlet of the hot side of the cooler 6. The tenth thermocouple T10 and the tenth pressure transmitter P10 are placed near the outlet of the hot side of the cooler 6. The eleventh thermocouple T11 and the eleventh pressure transmitter P11 are placed near the inlet of the compressor 8. The twelfth thermocouple T12 and the twelfth pressure transmitter P12 are placed near the outlet of the second electric heater 9. The thirteenth thermocouple T13 and the thirteenth pressure transmitter P13 are placed near the inlet of the buffer tank 10. The fourteenth thermocouple T14 and the fourteenth pressure transmitter P14 are placed near the outlet of the cold side of the regenerator 4. The fifteenth thermocouple T15 and the fifteenth pressure transmitter P15 are placed on the pipeline of the mobile break device 14. The first differential pressure transmitter DP01 is placed at the inlet and outlet of the first electric heater 1. The second differential pressure transmitter DP02 is placed at the inlet and outlet of the hot side of the regenerator 4. The third differential pressure transmitter DP03 is placed at the inlet and outlet of the cold side of the regenerator 4. The fourth differential pressure transmitter DP04 is placed at the inlet and outlet of the hot side of the cooler 6.

[0074] The thermocouple has good stability and can quickly respond to temperature changes, providing real-time temperature data, which is beneficial for precise temperature control. At the same time, the absolute pressure is monitored by the pressure transmitter, and the relative pressure change is monitored by the differential pressure transmitter, so that a more complete description of the process state can be obtained. The independent readings provided by the two sensors can be mutually verified to ensure the consistency and reliability of the data. If one sensor fails or malfunctions, the other can be used as a backup reference.

[0075] The desuperheating and pressure-reducing device 13 described in this application includes an electric pressure-reducing valve and a heat exchanger connected in sequence. The regenerator 4, the cooler 6, and the heat exchanger of the desuperheating and pressure-reducing device 13 all adopt printed circuit board heat exchangers. The printed circuit board heat exchanger has high heat exchange efficiency and small occupied space, which is beneficial to the construction of the experimental platform.

[0076] The movable break eruption collection device described in this application includes a sixth manual stop valve JV6, a third electric gate valve XV3, a third venturi flowmeter FT3, and an air cylinder 24 connected in sequence. The gas working medium will be sprayed into the air cylinder 24 to prevent the leakage of the gas working medium during the break simulation experiment.

[0077] The Brayton cycle main loop system described in this application further includes a first bypass control pipeline, a second bypass control pipeline, and a third bypass control pipeline; it is used for the research on the influence characteristics of bypass control and belongs to the experimental pipelines and equipment required for specific experimental research conditions.

[0078] The inlet end of the first bypass control pipeline is located on the connecting pipeline between the first venturi flowmeter FT1 and the second venturi flowmeter FT2, and the outlet end is connected to the pipeline mixer 5; it is used for the experimental research on the influence characteristics of bypass control at the inlet of the desuperheating and pressure-reducing device 13.

[0079] The inlet end of the second bypass control pipeline is located on the connecting pipeline between the first Coriolis flowmeter FR1 and the compressor 8, and the outlet end is located on the connecting pipeline between the cold side outlet of the regenerator 4 and the inlet of the first electric heater 1; it forms a natural circulation loop together with the first bypass control pipeline for the experimental research on natural circulation.

[0080] The inlet end of the third bypass control pipeline is located on the connecting pipeline between the second electric heater 9 and the second Coriolis flowmeter FR2, and the outlet end is connected to the pipeline mixer 5; it is used for the experimental research on the influence characteristics of bypass control at the outlet of the compressor 8.

[0081] A first electric control valve RV1 is provided on the first bypass control pipeline, a second electric control valve RV2 and a check valve ZV1 are provided on the second bypass control pipeline, and a sixth electric control valve RV6 is provided on the third bypass control pipeline.

[0082] This application also includes a power distribution cabinet 15. The power distribution cabinet 15 is connected to the measurement instrument system and all the electric control equipment of the experimental platform, supplies power and controls them, and realizes data information interaction at the same time; a PLC is provided inside the power distribution cabinet 15, and the computer controls the experiment through the PLC. The power distribution cabinet 15 of the present invention measures and monitors the temperature and pressure of the Brayton cycle main loop system according to the measurement instrument system, controls the opening of the valves and the start and stop of the instrument equipment according to the experimental process, and adjusts the power of the instrument equipment. Most of the main experimental equipment on the experimental platform is electric control equipment, and remote computer control is realized through the PLC, which improves the intelligence and automation level of the experimental platform.

[0083] The experimental method of the above-mentioned multi-functional integrated experimental platform for a new working fluid Brayton cycle system, to conduct a start-up experiment on the new working fluid Brayton cycle system, includes the following steps:

[0084] S1. Before the experiment, calibrate the measurement instrument system to ensure that all valves are in the closed state;

[0085] S2. Add deionized water to the circulating cooling water system circuit so that the water storage in the water tank of the chiller 7 meets the experimental requirements;

[0086] S3. Charge the working fluid gas into the experimental circulation circuit through the new working fluid gas charging and discharging system so that the pressure of the experimental circulation circuit reaches 1 MPa;

[0087] S4. Open the third electric control valve RV3, the fourth electric control valve RV4 and the fifth electric control valve RV5, and increase their opening degrees to 100%, and then start the water pump of the chiller 7;

[0088] S5. Start the compressor 8 and regulate the rotational speed of the compressor 8 to the highest;

[0089] S6. Regulate the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device 13 so that the inlet pressure of the pressure reduction unit is twice the outlet pressure;

[0090] S7. Increase the electric power of the first electric heater 1 so that the outlet temperature of the first electric heater 1 reaches 600 °C;

[0091] S8. Reduce the opening degree of the third electric control valve RV3 so that the outlet temperature of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device RV3 rises to 420 °C. During this period, regulate the electric power of the first electric heater 1 to maintain the outlet temperature of the first electric heater 1 at 600 °C;

[0092] S9. Increase the electric power of the second electric heater 9 so that the power of the second electric heater 9 is equal to the cooling power of the compressor 8;

[0093] S10. If the outlet pressure of the compressor 8 is greater than 4 MPa at this time, discharge the gas working fluid in the experimental circulation circuit through the new working fluid gas charging and discharging system so that the outlet pressure of the compressor 8 is reduced to 4 MPa. If the outlet pressure of the compressor 8 is less than 4 MPa at this time, charge the experimental circulation circuit with the gas working fluid through the new working fluid gas charging and discharging system so that the outlet pressure of the compressor 8 rises to 4 MPa;

[0094] S11. Regulate the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device 13 so that the inlet pressure of the pressure reduction unit is twice the outlet pressure, and complete the start-up experiment.

[0095] This experimental method is scientific, rigorous, safe and reliable. This experimental method can accurately measure relevant parameters, obtain key parameters of the system such as temperature, pressure, power and flow rate, and the data is accurate and reliable. This experimental method provides a new experimental means for the new working fluid Brayton cycle system, and promotes relevant experimental research.

[0096] The embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. According to the content of this specification, many modifications and variations can be made. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification in order to better explain the principle and practical application of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and utilize the present invention well.

Claims

1. A multifunctional comprehensive experimental platform for a new working fluid Brayton cycle system, characterized by: It includes new working fluid gas filling and exhaust system, Brayton cycle main loop system, circulating cooling water system, simulated breach system and measuring instrument system; The new working fluid gas filling and exhaust system is used to provide experimental gas; The Brayton cycle main loop system comprises a first electric heater (1), a second venturi flowmeter (FT2), a first venturi flowmeter (FT1), a temperature reduction and pressure reduction device (13), a regenerator (4), a pipeline mixer (5), a cooler (6), a first Coriolis flowmeter (FR1), a compressor (8), a second electric heater (9), a second Coriolis flowmeter (FR2) and a buffer tank (10) which are connected in sequence, wherein the outlet of the buffer tank (10) is connected to the cold side inlet of the regenerator (4), and the cold side outlet of the regenerator (4) is connected to the inlet of the first electric heater (1) to form a circulation loop; The circulating cooling water system comprises a chiller (7), a cooler (6), a compressor (8) and a temperature reduction and pressure reduction device (13); the cooler (6), the compressor (8) and the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device (13) are respectively connected in series with the chiller (7); a third electric regulating valve (RV3) is provided between the chiller (7) and the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device (13); a fourth electric regulating valve (RV4) is provided between the chiller (7) and the compressor (8); and a fifth electric regulating valve (RV5) is provided between the chiller (7) and the cooler (6); The simulated breach system comprises a first manual stop valve (JV1) and a first breach test point (20) connected in sequence on a branch road near the inlet of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device (13), a second manual stop valve (JV2) and a second breach test point (21) connected in sequence on a branch road near the outlet of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device (13), a third manual stop valve (JV3) and a third breach test point (22) connected in sequence on a branch road near the inlet of the compressor (8), a fourth manual stop valve (JV4) and a fourth breach test point (23) connected in sequence on a branch road near the outlet of the second electric heater (9), and a movable breach eruption collection device; The measuring instrument system is arranged on the Brayton cycle main loop system and is used to measure and monitor the temperature and pressure of the Brayton cycle main loop system.

2. A multifunctional comprehensive experimental platform for a new working fluid Brayton cycle system according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vacuum pumping device is also provided, the vacuum pumping device comprising a fifth manual stop valve (JV5) and a vacuum pump (11), and the buffer tank (10), the fifth manual stop valve (JV5) and the vacuum pump (11) are connected in sequence.

3. A multifunctional comprehensive experimental platform for a new working fluid Brayton cycle system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The new working fluid gas filling and exhausting system comprises a high-pressure gas cylinder group (18), a low-pressure gas cylinder group (19) and a buffer tank (10); the buffer tank (10) is connected to the high-pressure gas cylinder group (18) and the low-pressure gas cylinder group (19) respectively; a first manual diaphragm valve (GV1) is provided between the high-pressure gas cylinder group (18) and the buffer tank (10); and a third manual diaphragm valve (GV3) is provided between the low-pressure gas cylinder group (19) and the buffer tank (10); An air charging bypass is also provided between the high-pressure gas cylinder group (18) and the buffer tank (10), and a second manual diaphragm valve (GV2) and an air pump (12) are provided on the air charging bypass; A safety valve is provided on the top of the buffer tank (10).

4. A multifunctional comprehensive experimental platform for a new working fluid Brayton cycle system according to claim 1, characterized in that: An emergency cooling safety protection system is also provided, the emergency cooling safety protection system comprising a cooling water tank (2), a cooling jacket 1 (3) and a cooling jacket 2 (17), the cooling water tank (2) being connected to the cooling jacket 1 (3) and the cooling jacket 2 (17) respectively, a first electric gate valve (XV1) being provided between the cooling water tank (2) and the cooling jacket 1 (3), a second electric gate valve (XV2) being provided between the cooling water tank (2) and the cooling jacket 2 (17), the cooling jacket 1 (3) being located on the inlet pipe of the first electric heater (1), and the cooling jacket 2 (17) being located on the hot side outlet pipe of the cooler (6).

5. A multifunctional comprehensive experimental platform for a new working medium Brayton cycle system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The measuring instrument system includes a thermocouple, a pressure transmitter and a differential pressure transmitter.

6. A multifunctional comprehensive experimental platform for a new working medium Brayton cycle system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The temperature reduction and pressure reduction device (13) comprises an electric pressure reducing valve and a heat exchanger which are connected in sequence. The regenerator (4), the cooler (6) and the heat exchanger of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device (13) are all printed circuit board type heat exchangers.

7. A multifunctional comprehensive experimental platform for a new working medium Brayton cycle system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable breach eruption collection device comprises a sixth manual stop valve (JV6), a third electric gate valve (XV3), a third venturi flowmeter (FT3) and an air bottle (24) which are connected in sequence.

8. A multifunctional comprehensive experimental platform for a new working medium Brayton cycle system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The Brayton cycle main loop system also includes a first bypass control pipeline, a second bypass control pipeline and a third bypass control pipeline; The inlet end of the first bypass control pipeline is located on the connecting pipeline between the first Venturi flowmeter (FT1) and the second Venturi flowmeter (FT2), and the outlet end is connected to the pipeline mixer (5); The inlet end of the second bypass control pipeline is located on the connecting pipeline between the first Coriolis flowmeter (FR1) and the compressor (8), and the outlet end is located on the connecting pipeline between the cold side outlet of the regenerator (4) and the inlet of the first electric heater (1); The inlet end of the third bypass control pipeline is located on the connecting pipeline between the second electric heater (9) and the second Coriolis flowmeter (FR2), and the outlet end is connected to the pipeline mixer (5); The first bypass control pipeline is provided with a first electric regulating valve (RV1), the second bypass control pipeline is provided with a second electric regulating valve (RV2) and a check valve (ZV1), and the third bypass control pipeline is provided with a sixth electric regulating valve (RV6).

9. The multifunctional comprehensive experimental platform for a new working fluid Brayton cycle system according to claim 1 is characterized by: The system also includes a power distribution cabinet (15), which is connected to the measuring instrument system and all the electric control equipment of the experimental platform to supply power and control them and realize data information exchange. A PLC is arranged inside the power distribution cabinet (15), and the computer performs experiments through the control of the PLC.

10. An experimental method for a multifunctional comprehensive experimental platform for a new working medium Brayton cycle system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Carry out the start-up experiment of the new working fluid Brayton cycle system, including the following steps: S1. Before the experiment, calibrate the measuring instrument system and ensure that all valves are in the closed state; S2, adding deionized water to the circulating cooling water system loop so that the water storage capacity in the water tank of the chiller (7) meets the experimental requirements; S3, charging the working fluid gas into the experimental circulation loop through the new working fluid gas charging and exhausting system, so that the pressure of the experimental circulation loop reaches 1MPa; S4, opening the third electric regulating valve (RV3), the fourth electric regulating valve (RV4) and the fifth electric regulating valve (RV5), and increasing their openings to 100%, and then starting the water pump of the chiller (7); S5, starting the compressor (8) and adjusting the speed of the compressor (8) to the maximum; S6, regulating the temperature and pressure reduction device (13) so that the inlet pressure of the pressure reduction unit is twice the outlet pressure; S7, increasing the electric power of the first electric heater (1) so that the outlet temperature of the first electric heater (1) reaches 600° C.; S8, reducing the opening of the third electric regulating valve (RV3) so that the outlet temperature of the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device (RV3) rises to 420°C. During this period, regulating the electric power of the first electric heater (1) to maintain the outlet temperature of the first electric heater (1) at 600°C; S9, increasing the electric power of the second electric heater (9) so that the power of the second electric heater (9) is equal to the cooling power of the compressor (8); S10. If the outlet pressure of the compressor (8) is greater than 4 MPa at this time, the gaseous working medium in the experimental circulation loop is discharged to the outside through the new working medium gas filling and exhausting system, so that the outlet pressure of the compressor (8) is reduced to 4 MPa. If the outlet pressure of the compressor (8) is less than 4 MPa at this time, the gaseous working medium is filled into the experimental circulation loop through the new working medium gas filling and exhausting system, so that the outlet pressure of the compressor (8) is increased to 4 MPa. S11, regulating the temperature reduction and pressure reduction device (13) so that the inlet pressure of the pressure reduction unit is twice the outlet pressure, and completing the start-up experiment.

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