Explosion-proof structure of solid oxide fuel cell power generation device

Abstract

The invention provides an explosion-proof structure of a solid oxide fuel cell power generation device. The explosion-proof structure is characterized by comprising a cabinet, a cabinet cover plate, a ventilation window, a top cover, a tail gas exhaust pipe, a temperature zone partition plate, an interface assembly, a normal-temperature assembly zone, a high-temperature assembly zone and a combustion-supporting air inlet pipe, the device has the beneficial effects that high-temperature assembly areas with hydrogen leakage hidden dangers, such as a solid oxide galvanic pile and a reforming hydrogen production device, are arranged at the upper part of the cabinet; normal-temperature assembly areas, such as a fan, an electric control board and the like, with hidden dangers of electric sparks are arranged at the lower part of the cabinet; when hydrogen leaks from the high-temperature assembly area, the hydrogen can quickly escape to the top of the cabinet and cannot escape to the lower part of the cabinet due to the lightest specific gravity of the hydrogen; in this way, combustible gas such as hydrogen is prevented from escaping to a normal-temperature assembly area, and the possibility of hydrogen explosion caused by sparks generated by electric control components is fundamentally eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of solid oxide fuel cells, and particularly relates to an explosion-proof structure for a solid oxide fuel cell power generation device. Background Art

[0002] At present, solid oxide fuel cells have become a key research project in the field of hydrogen energy applications. Due to the low requirement for hydrogen purity and high power generation efficiency, they have received increasing attention in the field of hydrogen energy. However, since the operating temperature of solid oxide fuel cells is as high as about 700 degrees Celsius, hydrogen leakage is likely to occur. Although a large number of electrical components with explosion-proof functions are used, there are still potential safety hazards. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Object of the Invention: The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide an explosion-proof structure for a solid oxide fuel cell power generation device, so as to fundamentally eliminate the explosion and combustion hazards caused by hydrogen leakage.

[0004] An explosion-proof structure for a solid oxide fuel cell power generation device, characterized in that it includes a cabinet, a cabinet cover, a ventilation window, a top cover, an exhaust gas discharge pipe, a temperature partition board, an interface assembly, a normal temperature component area, a high temperature component area, and an air guide pipe; The temperature partition board is arranged inside the cabinet, dividing the internal space of the cabinet into upper and lower regions. The upper region is the high temperature component area, and the lower region is the normal temperature component area. The normal temperature component area includes a fan and an electronic control board. The high temperature component area includes a solid oxide fuel cell stack, a reforming hydrogen generator, and a heat insulation and heat preservation layer, wherein the solid oxide fuel cell stack and the reforming hydrogen generator are completely covered by the heat insulation and heat preservation layer; The air guide pipe penetrates the temperature partition board in the vertical direction. The upper port of the air guide pipe is located near the top cover in the upper part of the high temperature component area, and the lower port of the air guide pipe is located in the low temperature component area and is connected to the air inlet of the fan. The air outlet of the fan is connected to the combustion chamber of the reforming hydrogen generator; An exhaust gas discharge pipe is arranged on the top cover, and a ventilation window and an interface assembly are arranged below the cabinet cover. The interface assembly includes an electrical interface and a fluid interface. The heights of the ventilation window and the interface assembly are both lower than the temperature partition board.

[0005] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The high-temperature component areas with potential hydrogen leakage hazards, such as solid oxide stacks and reforming hydrogen generators, are arranged in the upper part of the cabinet; while the normal-temperature component areas with potential electric spark generation hazards, such as fans and electronic control boards, are arranged in the lower part of the cabinet. When hydrogen leaks from the high-temperature component area, due to the lightest specific gravity of hydrogen, it will quickly disperse to the top of the cabinet and will not disperse to the lower part of the cabinet. At the same time, the air entering the cabinet through the ventilation window will flow upward into the air inlet of the air guide pipe, further accelerating the purging of the leaked hydrogen to the top of the cabinet. The hydrogen dispersed to the top of the cabinet is sucked by the fan and transported to the combustion chamber of the reforming hydrogen generator to be burned. In this way, the escape of combustible gases such as hydrogen to the normal-temperature component area is avoided, and the possibility of hydrogen combustion and explosion caused by the generation of sparks by electronic control components is fundamentally eliminated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0006] Figure 1 、 Figure 2 are schematic diagrams of different sides of an embodiment of the present invention; Reference Numerals: 10 - cabinet, 11 - cabinet cover plate, 12 - ventilation window, 13 - top cover, 14 - tail gas discharge pipe, 15 - cabinet partition, 16 - interface component, 20 - normal-temperature component area, 21 - fan, 22 - air guide pipe, 30 - high-temperature component area, 31 - solid oxide stack, 32 - reforming hydrogen generator, 33 - heat insulation layer. EMBODIMENTS

[0007] It should be noted that in the specification and claims, certain terms are used to refer to specific components; those skilled in the art should understand that technicians may use different nouns to refer to the same component; the specification and claims do not use the difference in nouns as a way to distinguish components, but use the difference in the functions of components as the criterion for distinction; for example, the term "comprising" or "including" mentioned throughout the specification and claims is an open-ended term, so it should be interpreted as "including but not limited to"; the "stack" in the specification and claims is an abbreviation of "fuel cell".

[0008] For the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present invention, the following will be further explained with reference to the drawings: Figure 1 and Figure 2 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an explosion-proof structure of a solid oxide fuel cell power generation device, including a cabinet 10, a cabinet cover plate 11, a ventilation window 12, a top cover 13, a tail gas discharge pipe 22, a temperature partition plate 15, an interface component 16, a normal-temperature component area 20, a high-temperature component area 30, and an air guide pipe 22; The temperature partition board 15 is arranged inside the cabinet 10, dividing the internal space of the cabinet 10 into upper and lower areas. The upper part is the high-temperature component area 30, and the lower part is the normal-temperature component area 20. The normal-temperature component area 20 includes a fan 21 and an electronic control board. The high-temperature component area 30 includes a solid oxide fuel cell stack 31, a reforming hydrogen generator 32, and a heat insulation layer 33. Among them, the solid oxide fuel cell stack 31 and the reforming hydrogen generator 32 are completely covered by the heat insulation layer 33. The solid oxide fuel cell stack 10 includes a cathode flow channel and an anode flow channel. The reforming hydrogen generator 32 includes a combustion air inlet, a fuel inlet, a combustion chamber, a reaction raw material inlet, a catalytic reaction chamber, and a reformed gas outlet. The reformed gas outlet is connected to the anode flow channel of the solid oxide fuel cell stack. The air guide pipe 22 penetrates the temperature partition board 15 in the vertical direction. Its upper port is located near the top cover in the high-temperature component area 30, and its lower port is located in the low-temperature component area 20 and is connected to the air inlet of the fan 21. The air outlet of the fan 21 is connected to the combustion air inlet of the reforming hydrogen generator 32 to provide combustion air for the combustion chamber of the reforming hydrogen generator 32. The air outlet of the fan 21 is also connected to the cathode flow channel of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 31 to provide the cathode air required for power generation for the solid oxide fuel cell stack 31.

[0009] A tail gas discharge pipe 14 is arranged on the top cover 13. A ventilation window 12 and an interface assembly 16 are arranged below the cabinet cover 11. The interface assembly 16 includes an electrical interface and a fluid interface. The fluid interface includes a fuel interface, and the fuel interface is respectively connected to the fuel inlet of the combustion chamber and the reaction raw material inlet of the catalytic reaction chamber. Among them, the heights of the ventilation window 12 and the interface assembly 16 are both lower than the temperature partition board 15. The specific working process is as follows: When the power generation device is in a working state, reaction raw materials and fuel are input from the fluid interface of the interface assembly 16. The fuel enters the combustion chamber of the reforming hydrogen generator 32 to burn, providing the heat required for the reforming reaction of the reforming hydrogen generator 32. The combustion tail gas is discharged into the air from the tail gas discharge pipe 14. The reaction raw materials enter the catalytic reaction chamber of the reforming hydrogen generator 32 and are catalytically reformed to generate reformed gas rich in hydrogen. This reformed gas is input into the anode flow channel of the solid oxide fuel cell stack 31 for power generation. The fan 21 provides the cathode air required for power generation for the solid oxide fuel cell stack 31, and the cathode exhaust gas is discharged into the air from the tail gas discharge pipe 14. When the solid oxide fuel cell stack 31, the reforming hydrogen generator 32 and the hydrogen pipeline in the high-temperature component area 30 leak, since hydrogen has the lightest specific gravity, hydrogen will quickly escape upward to the top of the cabinet 10 and will not escape to the normal-temperature component area 20 at the lower part of the cabinet; at the same time, the air entering the cabinet 10 from the ventilation window 12 will flow upward and enter the air inlet of the air guide pipe 22, further accelerating the purging of the leaked hydrogen to the top of the cabinet 10; and the hydrogen escaping to the top of the cabinet 10 is sucked and conveyed by the fan 21 to the combustion chamber of the reforming hydrogen generator 32 and burned; in this way, the escape of combustible gases such as hydrogen to the normal-temperature component area is avoided, and the possibility of hydrogen combustion and explosion caused by the spark generated by the electronic control components is fundamentally eliminated.

[0010] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific embodiments and application fields. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and guiding, rather than restrictive. Those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms under the inspiration of this specification and without departing from the scope protected by the claims of the present invention, and these all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An explosion-proof structure of a solid oxide fuel cell power generation device, characterized in that: It includes a cabinet (10), a cabinet cover plate (11), a ventilation window (12), a top cover (13), an exhaust gas discharge pipe (14), a temperature partition board (15), an interface component (16), a normal temperature component area (20), a high temperature component area (30), and an air guide pipe (22); the temperature partition board (15) is arranged inside the cabinet (10), dividing the internal space of the cabinet (10) into upper and lower areas. The upper part is the high temperature component area (30), and the lower part is the normal temperature component area (20); the normal temperature component area (20) includes a fan (21) and an electronic control board. The high temperature component area (30) includes a solid oxide fuel cell stack (31), a reforming hydrogen generator (32), and a heat insulation layer (33), where the solid oxide fuel cell stack (31) and the reforming hydrogen generator (32) are completely covered by the heat insulation layer (33); the air guide pipe (22) penetrates the temperature partition board (15) in the vertical direction. The upper port of the air guide pipe (22) is located in the upper part of the high temperature component area (30), and the lower port of the air guide pipe (22) is located in the low temperature component area (20) and is connected to the air inlet of the fan (21). The air outlet of the fan (21) is connected to the combustion chamber of the reforming hydrogen generator (32); an exhaust gas discharge pipe (14) is arranged on the top cover (13), and a ventilation window (12) and an interface component (16) are arranged below the cabinet cover plate (11). The interface component (16) includes an electrical interface and a fluid interface; the heights of the ventilation window (12) and the interface component (16) are both lower than that of the temperature partition board (15).

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