Intelligent self-control coating sorghum and millet seeding device

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and discloses an intelligent self-control material covering sorghum and black rice seeding device, which comprises a furrowing component, a seed metering component, an intermittent material covering component, a soil covering component, a compacting component and a control and driving component; wherein the device body is made of light aluminum profile, the control and driving component comprises a worm gear reduction motor, a rigid coupling and a wheel, the worm gear reduction motor is connected with the wheel through the rigid coupling; the intermittent material covering component comprises an auger, an upper fertilizer box, a lower fertilizer box, a mass sensor, a photoelectric sensor, a push type electromagnet and a flap, the auger is located in the upper fertilizer box, the lower fertilizer box is connected below the upper fertilizer box, and the bottom of the lower fertilizer box is provided with the flap. The opening and closing time of the flap is accurately controlled, so that the fungus soil covering and the seed falling are kept synchronous, the problem of uneven fungus soil covering in traditional manual seeding is solved, the contact tightness of the seed and the fungus soil is ensured, and the fungus contacting process of the sorghum and black rice is facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to an intelligent self-controlled mulching sorghum and black rice sowing device. Background Art

[0002] Sorghum umbellata is an edible fungus that grows on the top of sorghum. It is mainly distributed in Jilin Province and other places in my country. Its planting usually adopts the hole sowing method. In the existing technology, the hole sowing process of sorghum umbellata includes the following steps: manually digging a seed trench with a hoe or shovel, the depth of the seed trench is generally 5 cm to 7 cm, 5 to 6 sorghum seeds are placed in each hole, and then the mixed fungus soil is covered on the seeds, the thickness of the fungus soil is 2 cm to 3 cm, and finally the soil on both sides of the seed trench is backfilled into the seed trench, the thickness of the soil is 4 cm to 6 cm, and it is compacted. The hole sowing method can increase the contact area between the fungus and the seeds by placing the seeds and fungus soil in the seed trench, thereby improving the inoculation rate.

[0003] However, the manual hole sowing method in the existing technology has certain drawbacks. Since sowing and covering with fungus soil mainly rely on manual operation, the operator needs to place the seeds in the seed furrow first, and then manually spread the fungus soil to cover the seeds. The timing of seed falling and fungus soil covering is difficult to coordinate accurately, resulting in poor uniformity of fungus soil coverage. The fungus soil thickness above some seeds may be less than 2 cm, while the fungus soil thickness in other areas may exceed 3 cm. This uneven covering state affects the contact tightness between the seeds and the fungus soil, thereby reducing the inoculation rate and yield stability of sorghum black rice. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides an intelligent self-controlled mulching sorghum and black rice sowing device to solve the problem that the sowing and covering with fungus soil in the existing technology mainly rely on manual operation, and the timing of seed falling and fungus soil covering is difficult to accurately coordinate, resulting in poor uniformity of fungus soil covering.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: an intelligent automatic control covering sorghum and black rice sowing device, comprising:

[0006] Ditching components, seeding components, intermittent covering components, soil covering components, suppression components, and control and drive components;

[0007] Among them, the main body of the device is made of lightweight aluminum profiles, and the control and drive components include a worm gear reduction motor, a rigid coupling and a wheel. The worm gear reduction motor is connected to the wheel through a rigid coupling; the intermittent covering components include an auger, an upper fertilizer box, a lower fertilizer box, a quality sensor, a photoelectric sensor, a thrust electromagnet and a flap. The auger is located in the upper fertilizer box, and the lower fertilizer box is connected to the upper fertilizer box below. A flap is provided at the bottom of the lower fertilizer box. The quality sensor is installed below the lower fertilizer box through a sensor fixing bracket. The thrust electromagnet is connected to a baffle, and the baffle is located between the upper fertilizer box and the lower fertilizer box.

[0008] Preferably, the seed-metering component includes a socket wheel type seed meter and a seed tube, a seed guide tube and a photoelectric sensor. The socket wheel type seed meter includes a seed wheel, a plurality of shaped holes are provided on the seed wheel, the socket wheel type seed meter is fixed by a seed meter mounting frame, the socket wheel type seed meter is connected to the drive motor through bearing 2 and coupling 1, and the photoelectric sensor is installed on the seed guide tube.

[0009] Preferably, the intermittent covering component also includes a disturbance shaft, a stirring motor, an auger drive motor, a second coupling, a motor mounting bracket and a flap drive motor. The disturbance shaft is located on the top of the fertilizer box and is connected to the stirring motor. The stirring motor is fixed by a motor mounting bracket. The auger is supported by a third bearing and is connected to the auger drive motor through a second coupling. The flap drive motor is connected to the flap.

[0010] Preferably, the ditching component comprises a ditching plow with a flat bottom surface, and the ditching component is located at the front end.

[0011] Preferably, the soil covering component is a height-adjustable structure, and the soil covering component is located in the middle and rear part.

[0012] Preferably, the control and drive components also include a speed sensor, a limit sensor and a PLC controller, the speed sensor and limit sensor are connected to the PLC controller, the limit sensor is installed in the fertilizer box, and the worm gear reduction motor is fixed to the frame through a motor fixing plate and a bearing.

[0013] Preferably, the fertilizer box is made of transparent acrylic material and has an angled design.

[0014] Preferably, the seed wheel is provided with a seed guide groove along the forward direction, and the shaped hole is a one-hole-one-seed structure.

[0015] Preferably, it further comprises a control panel, which is connected to the control and drive components.

[0016] Preferably, the pressing component is a roller-shaped structure, and the pressing component is located at the rear.

[0017] Working principle: When the device is started, the worm gear reduction motor drives the wheel to rotate through the rigid coupling, pushing the device forward; the furrowing component at the front end of the device is inserted into the soil, and the furrowing plow pushes the soil to both sides to form a seed furrow; the socket wheel seeding device in the seeding component is driven by the drive motor, the seeding wheel rotates, and the shaped hole brings the seeds from the shell to the seeding tube, and the seeds fall into the seeding furrow through the seeding tube and the seed guide tube; the auger in the intermittent covering component is driven by the auger drive motor to transport the fungus soil in the fertilizer box to the upper fertilizer box, and the fungus soil falls from the upper fertilizer box into the lower fertilizer box and accumulates on the flip plate. When the quality sensor detects that the fungus soil quality reaches the preset value , the thrust electromagnet drives the baffle to prevent the fungus soil from continuing to fall, the flap drive motor drives the flap to open, and the fungus soil falls from the lower fertilizer box into the seed furrow to cover the seeds; the covering component moves forward with the device, and the covering plate pushes the soil on both sides of the seed furrow inward to cover the fungus soil; the roller of the pressing component moves forward with the device, and the roller rotates to compact the soil after covering; during the operation of the device, the speed sensor and the limit sensor detect the rotation of the wheel and the amount of fungus soil in the fertilizer box. When an abnormality is detected, the PLC controller controls the worm gear reduction motor, drive motor, auger drive motor and flap drive motor to stop, the device stops moving forward, and the seed and fungus soil discharge stops.

[0018] The present invention provides an intelligent self-controlled mulching sorghum and black rice sowing device. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] 1. The present invention arranges a photoelectric sensor on the seed guide tube of the seed-discharging component and a quality sensor under the fertilizer box of the intermittent covering component, and combines a PLC controller to coordinate the control of the actions of the auger and the flap. It can accurately control the opening and closing time of the flap according to the time of seed falling and the distance between the fertilizer box outlet and the seed guide tube, so that the mushroom soil coverage is synchronized with the seed falling, solves the problem of uneven mushroom soil coverage in traditional manual sowing, ensures the close contact between the seeds and the mushroom soil, and is beneficial to the inoculation process of sorghum black rice.

[0020] 2. The present invention adopts a control system that combines a PLC controller with multiple sensors. The speed sensor and limit sensor are respectively installed in the wheels and the fertilizer box and connected to the PLC controller. When it is detected that the device stops abnormally or there is insufficient fungus soil in the fertilizer box, the PLC controller can promptly control the worm gear reduction motor, drive motor and auger drive motor to stop, suspend the seeding and fungus soil discharge operations. The automated control structure reduces the need for manual intervention and improves the continuity and stability of the sowing operation.

[0021] 3. The seeding component of the present invention includes a socket wheel type seeding device, and a plurality of shaped holes are provided on the seeding wheel. The shaped holes are a one-hole-one-seed structure, and a seed guide groove is provided along the forward direction. The seed guide groove is connected with the shaped holes. The seeding wheel is installed in the seeding device housing through the central axis. The driving motor drives the seeding wheel to rotate through the coupling, so that the seeds can enter the shaped holes one by one during the seeding process, and fall smoothly into the seed trench through the seed guide groove, avoiding the phenomenon of seed overlap or missed sowing, so that the seeds are distributed more evenly in the seed trench.

[0022] 4. The fertilizer box of the present invention is made of transparent acrylic material. The fertilizer box has a trapezoidal structure, and the angle between the side wall and the bottom surface is 60 degrees. A disturbance shaft is provided in the fertilizer box, and a plurality of rectangular disturbance plates are welded on the surface of the disturbance shaft. The disturbance shaft is supported on the inner wall of the fertilizer box through a bearing, and the stirring motor drives the disturbance shaft to rotate through a coupling. The rotation of the disturbance shaft and the inclination angle setting of the fertilizer box reduce the accumulation resistance of the fungus soil in the fertilizer box, so that the fungus soil can flow smoothly into the upper fertilizer box, reducing the possibility of the fungus soil arching. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an intelligent automatic control covering sorghum and black rice sowing device of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the wheels of an intelligent automatic control covered sorghum and black rice sowing device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 3 This is a partial structural diagram of a seed meter and a seed tube of an intelligent automatic control covered sorghum and black rice sowing device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the auger of an intelligent automatic control covering sorghum and black rice sowing device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the turning plate of an intelligent automatic control covering sorghum and black rice sowing device of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a uniform speed operation of an intelligent automatic control covering sorghum and black rice sowing device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the partial structure of the seed wheel of an intelligent automatic control covering sorghum and black rice sowing device of the present invention.

[0030] Among them, 1. Suppression components; 2. Soil covering components; 3. Intermittent covering components; 4. Seeding components; 5. Ditching components; 6. Control and drive components; 7. Turbine worm reduction motor; 8. Rigid coupling; 9. Motor fixing plate; 10. Bearing 1; 11. Wheel; 12. Bearing 2; 13. Coupling 1; 14. Drive motor; 15. Seeder mounting bracket; 16. Eyelet wheel seeding device and seeding tube; 17. Bearing 3; 18. Auger; 19. Disturbance shaft; 20. Thrust electromagnet; 21. Sensor fixing bracket; 22. Flip drive motor; 23. Lower fertilizer box; 24. Baffle; 25. Upper fertilizer box; 26. Auger drive motor; 27. Coupling 2; 28. Motor mounting bracket; 29. ​​Stirring motor; 30. Flip; 31. Seeding wheel; 32. Hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 6 The embodiment of the present invention provides an intelligent automatic control covering material sorghum and black rice sowing device, comprising:

[0033] Ditching component 5, seeding component 4, intermittent covering component 3, soil covering component 2, suppression component 1 and control and drive component 6;

[0034] Among them, the main body of the device is made of lightweight aluminum profile, the control and drive components 6 include a worm gear reduction motor 7, a rigid coupling 8 and a wheel 11, and the worm gear reduction motor 7 is connected to the wheel 11 through a rigid coupling 8; the intermittent covering component 3 includes an auger 18, an upper fertilizer box 25, a lower fertilizer box 23, a quality sensor, a photoelectric sensor, a thrust electromagnet 20 and a flap 30, the auger 18 is located in the upper fertilizer box 25, and the lower part of the upper fertilizer box 25 is connected to the lower fertilizer box 23. A flap 30 is provided at the bottom of the lower fertilizer box 23, and the quality sensor is installed below the lower fertilizer box 23 through a sensor fixing bracket 21. The thrust electromagnet 20 is connected to the baffle 24, and the baffle 24 is located between the upper fertilizer box 25 and the lower fertilizer box 23.

[0035] Specifically, the main body of the device is made of lightweight aluminum profiles and has a rectangular frame structure. The frame is made of multiple aluminum profiles connected by bolts. Four wheels 11 are provided at the bottom of the frame. The wheels 11 are connected to the bearing seats welded to the bottom of the frame through the wheel axles. The worm gear reduction motor 7 is installed on the left side of the top of the frame and fixed by the motor fixing plate 9. The motor fixing plate 9 is a rectangular steel plate, and the four corners of the steel plate are connected to the frame by bolts. The output shaft of the worm gear reduction motor 7 is connected to the wheel axle of the wheel 11 through a rigid coupling 8. The rigid coupling 8 is a cylindrical metal part with a keyway inside to fix the shaft end. The trenching component 5, the seeding component 4, the intermittent covering component 3, the soil covering component 2 and the suppression component 1 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the frame. The control and drive component 6 is located on the right side of the top of the frame and is fixed to the frame by bolts. The fertilizer box of the intermittent covering component 3 is a trapezoidal structure, with a feed inlet at the top and an upper fertilizer box 25 connected to the bottom. The upper fertilizer box 25 is a rectangular metal box with a discharge outlet at the bottom. Below the discharge outlet, the lower fertilizer box 23 is connected. The lower fertilizer box 23 is a rectangular metal box with a rectangular opening at the bottom. The opening is connected to a flap 30 via a hinge. The flap 30 is a rectangular steel plate, and the edge of the steel plate is fixed to the hinge by welding. The auger 18 is a spiral metal structure, arranged horizontally along the length of the upper fertilizer box 25. The two ends of the auger 18 are supported on the inner wall of the upper fertilizer box 25 by bearings. The quality sensor is fixed to the outside of the bottom of the lower fertilizer box 23 by a sensor fixing bracket 21. The sensor fixing bracket 21 is an L-shaped steel plate. One end of the steel plate is fixed to the outer wall of the lower fertilizer box 23 by bolts, and the other end is fixed to the quality sensor by screws. The photoelectric sensor is installed on the seed guide tube of the seeding component 4. The seed guide tube is a cylindrical metal tube located below the seeding component 4. The thrust electromagnet 20 is a cylindrical structure and is installed on the outer wall of the upper fertilizer box 25. The push rod of the thrust electromagnet 20 is connected to the baffle 24 through a pin shaft. The baffle 24 is a rectangular steel plate. One end of the steel plate is connected to the edge of the bottom discharge port of the upper fertilizer box 25 through a hinge. The baffle 24 is located in the channel between the upper fertilizer box 25 and the lower fertilizer box 23.

[0036] Please see the attached Figure 3 The seeding component 4 includes a socket wheel type seeding device and a seeding tube 16, a seed guide tube and a photoelectric sensor. The socket wheel type seeding device includes a seeding wheel 31. The seeding wheel 31 is provided with a plurality of shaped holes 32. The socket wheel type seeding device is fixed by a seeding device mounting frame 15. The socket wheel type seeding device is connected to the drive motor 14 through bearing 2 12 and coupling 1 13. The photoelectric sensor is installed on the seed guide tube.

[0037] Specifically, the seeding component 4 includes a perforated wheel seeding device, a seeding tube 16, a seed guide tube, and a photoelectric sensor. The perforated wheel seeding device includes a seeding wheel 31. The seeding wheel 31 is a disc-shaped structure made of hard plastic. The disc edge has multiple holes 32 evenly distributed along the circumference. The holes 32 are semicircular grooves with a depth that matches the diameter of the sorghum seeds. There are six holes 32. The seeding wheel 31 is mounted on a central axis within the seeding device housing. The housing is a rectangular metal box with a feed inlet at the top and a discharge outlet at the bottom. The discharge outlet is connected to the seeding tube 16 below. The seeding tube 16 is a cylindrical metal tube with a gradually decreasing diameter. The bottom of the seeding tube 16 is connected to the seed guide tube. The seed guide tube is a cylindrical metal tube with the same diameter as the bottom of the seeding tube 16. The seed guide tube is arranged in a vertical direction with its bottom facing the seed furrow. The photoelectric sensor is a cylindrical structure, mounted on the outer wall of the seed guide tube and fixed by a U-shaped clamp, which is connected to the outer wall of the seed guide tube by bolts. The socket wheel type seed meter is fixed to the device frame by the seed meter mounting bracket 15. The seed meter mounting bracket 15 is an L-shaped steel plate, one end of the steel plate is fixed to the device frame by bolts, and the other end is fixed to the side wall of the seed meter housing by bolts. The central axis of the socket wheel type seed meter is connected to the drive motor 14 via coupling 13. Coupling 13 is a cylindrical metal part with a keyway inside. The central axis and the output shaft of the drive motor 14 are respectively inserted into the ends of coupling 13 and fixed by keys. The drive motor 14 is a cylindrical structure and is fixed to the device frame by a motor bracket. The motor bracket is a rectangular steel plate, and the ends of the steel plate are connected to the frame by bolts.

[0038] Please see the attached Figure 4 The intermittent covering component 3 also includes a disturbance shaft 19, a stirring motor 29, an auger drive motor 26, a second coupling 27, a motor mounting bracket 28 and a flap drive motor 22. The disturbance shaft 19 is located at the top of the fertilizer box and is connected to the stirring motor 29. The stirring motor 29 is fixed by the motor mounting bracket 28. The auger 18 is supported by the third bearing 17 and is connected to the auger drive motor 26 through the second coupling 27. The flap drive motor 22 is connected to the flap 30.

[0039] Specifically, the intermittent covering component 3 also includes a disturbance shaft 19, a stirring motor 29, an auger drive motor 26, a second coupling 27, a motor mounting bracket 28, and a flap drive motor 22. The disturbance shaft 19 is a cylindrical metal rod, arranged horizontally along the width of the fertilizer box. A plurality of rectangular disturbance plates are welded on the surface of the disturbance shaft 19, and the disturbance plates are evenly distributed along the axial direction of the disturbance shaft 19. Both ends of the disturbance shaft 19 are supported on the inner wall of the fertilizer box by bearings. One end of the disturbance shaft 19 is connected to the stirring motor 29 through a coupling. The coupling is a cylindrical metal part with a keyway inside. The output shafts of the disturbance shaft 19 and the stirring motor 29 are fixed in the coupling by a key. The stirring motor 29 is a cylindrical structure, fixed to the outer wall of the fertilizer box by a motor mounting bracket 28. The motor mounting bracket 28 is an L-shaped steel plate, one end of which is fixed to the outer wall of the fertilizer box by bolts, and the other end is fixed to the stirring motor 29 by bolts. The auger 18 is a spiral metal structure, arranged horizontally along the length of the upper fertilizer box 25. Both ends of the auger 18 are supported by bearing three 17, which is fixed to the inner wall of the upper fertilizer box 25 through a bearing seat. One end of the auger 18 is connected to the auger drive motor 26 through a coupling two 27. The coupling two 27 is a cylindrical metal part with a keyway inside. The output shafts of the auger 18 and the auger drive motor 26 are fixed within the coupling two 27 by a key. The auger drive motor 26 is a cylindrical structure and is fixed to the outer wall of the upper fertilizer box 25 through a motor mounting bracket 28. The flap drive motor 22 is a cylindrical structure, mounted on the outer wall of the lower fertilizer box 23 and fixed by a motor bracket. The motor bracket is a rectangular steel plate. One end of the steel plate is fixed to the outer wall of the lower fertilizer box 23 by bolts, and the other end is fixed to the flap drive motor 22 by bolts. The output shaft of the flap drive motor 22 is connected to the hinge shaft of the flap 30 through a coupling. The coupling is a cylindrical metal part with a keyway inside.

[0040] Please see the attached Figure 1 The ditching component 5 includes a ditching plow with a flat bottom surface, and the ditching component 5 is located at the front end.

[0041] Specifically, the furrowing component 5 includes a furrowing plow with a flat bottom. The furrowing plow is a triangular steel plate structure. The bottom surface of the steel plate is flat, the top angle is downward, and the edges on both sides of the steel plate are bent upward to form side wings. The side wings are trapezoidal structures, and the angle between the side wings and the bottom surface is 120 degrees. The top of the furrowing plow is fixed to the connecting rod by welding. The connecting rod is a cylindrical metal rod. The top of the connecting rod is fixed to the front end of the device frame by bolts. A rectangular mounting plate is provided at the front end of the device frame. The mounting plate is connected to the frame by bolts, and the connecting rod is fixed to the mounting plate by bolts. The furrowing component 5 is located at the front end of the device frame, in front of the seeding component 4.

[0042] Please see the attached Figure 1 The soil covering part 2 is a height-adjustable structure, and the soil covering part 2 is located in the middle and rear part.

[0043] Specifically, the covering component 2 is an adjustable height structure, including two symmetrically arranged covering plates. The covering plates are rectangular steel plates, and the bottom edges of the steel plates are bent inward to form a 30-degree angle. The top of the covering plates is connected to the adjusting rod by a hinge. The adjusting rod is a cylindrical metal rod. The top of the adjusting rod is connected to the adjusting sleeve by a thread. The adjusting sleeve is a cylindrical metal part with an internal thread inside. The adjusting sleeve is fixed to the middle of the device frame by bolts. A rectangular mounting plate is provided in the middle of the device frame. The mounting plate is connected to the frame by bolts. The adjusting sleeve is fixed to the mounting plate. The covering component 2 is located in the middle and rear part of the device frame, behind the intermittent covering component 3, and in front of the suppression component 1.

[0044] Please see the attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 2 The control and drive component 6 also includes a speed sensor, a limit sensor and a PLC controller. The speed sensor and the limit sensor are connected to the PLC controller. The limit sensor is installed in the fertilizer box. The worm gear reduction motor 7 is fixed to the frame through the motor fixing plate 9 and the bearing 10.

[0045] Specifically, the control and drive component 6 also includes a speed sensor, a limit sensor and a PLC controller. The speed sensor is a cylindrical structure, installed next to the axle of the wheel 11, and fixed by a sensor bracket. The sensor bracket is an L-shaped steel plate. One end of the steel plate is fixed to the bottom of the device frame by bolts, and the other end is fixed to the speed sensor by screws. The limit sensor is a rectangular structure, installed on the inner wall of the fertilizer box. The inner wall of the fertilizer box is provided with a mounting groove. The limit sensor is fixed in the mounting groove by screws. The speed sensor and the limit sensor are connected to the PLC controller through wires. The PLC controller is a rectangular box-shaped structure, installed on the top right side of the device frame, and fixed by the controller bracket. The controller bracket is a rectangular steel plate. The two ends of the steel plate are connected to the frame by bolts. The worm gear reduction motor 7 is fixed to the device frame by the motor fixing plate 9 and bearing 10. The motor fixing plate 9 is a rectangular steel plate. The four corners of the steel plate are connected to the frame by bolts. Bearing 10 is a cylindrical structure, installed below the motor fixing plate 9, and fixed to the frame by a bearing seat.

[0046] Please see the attached Figure 1 The fertilizer box is made of transparent acrylic material and has an angled design.

[0047] Specifically, the fertilizer box is made of transparent acrylic material. The fertilizer box has a trapezoidal structure, is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the angle between the side wall and the bottom of the fertilizer box is 60 degrees. A rectangular feed port is provided on the top of the fertilizer box, and the edge of the feed port is connected to the cover plate by bolts. The cover plate is a rectangular acrylic plate, and one side of the cover plate is connected to the fertilizer box by a hinge. A discharge port is provided at the bottom of the fertilizer box, and the discharge port is connected to the upper fertilizer box 25 by bolts. A disturbance shaft 19 is provided on the inner wall of the fertilizer box, and a stirring motor 29 and an auger drive motor 26 are fixed to the outer wall of the fertilizer box by bolts. The fertilizer box is located in the middle of the device frame, above the seeding component 4.

[0048] Please see the attached Figure 7 The seed wheel 31 is provided with a seed guide groove along the forward direction, and the shaped hole 32 is a one-hole one-seed structure.

[0049] Specifically, the seed wheel 31 is a disc-shaped structure made of hard plastic. The diameter of the disc is 20 cm and the thickness is 2 cm. There are 6 shaped holes 32 evenly distributed along the circumference of the edge of the disc. The shaped hole 32 is a semicircular groove with a groove diameter of 1.2 times the diameter of the sorghum seed. The inner wall of the shaped hole 32 is provided with a rubber pad, which is bonded to the inner wall of the groove with an adhesive. The seed wheel 31 is provided with a seed guide groove along the forward direction. The seed guide groove is an arc-shaped groove with a groove width of 1.5 times the diameter of the shaped hole 32. The seed guide groove extends radially along the seed wheel 31. One end of the seed guide groove is connected to the shaped hole 32, and the other end extends to the edge of the seed wheel 31. The seed wheel 31 is installed in the seed meter housing through the central axis, and both ends of the central axis are supported on the inner wall of the housing through bearings.

[0050] Please see the attached Figure 1 , also includes a control panel, which is connected to the control and drive component 6.

[0051] Specifically, the device includes a control panel, which is a rectangular structure with multiple knobs and display screens on the surface. The control panel is fixed to the PLC controller box of the control and drive component 6 by bolts. The PLC controller box is a rectangular metal box with a mounting hole on the top of the box. The control panel is fixed in the mounting hole by bolts. The control panel is connected to the PLC controller through a wire. The control panel is located on the top right side of the device frame, behind the worm gear reduction motor 7.

[0052] Please see the attached Figure 1 The suppressing component 1 is a roller-shaped structure, and the suppressing component 1 is located at the rear.

[0053] Specifically, the suppression component 1 is a drum-shaped structure. The drum is made of steel material with a diameter of 30 cm and a length of 50 cm. There are multiple rectangular protrusions evenly distributed along the circumference of the drum surface. The protrusion height is 1 cm. The two ends of the drum are supported on the drum shaft by bearings. The drum shaft is a cylindrical metal rod. The two ends of the drum shaft are fixed to the rear of the device frame through bearing seats. A rectangular mounting plate is provided at the rear of the device frame. The mounting plate is connected to the frame by bolts. The bearing seat is fixed to the mounting plate by bolts. The suppression component 1 is located at the very end of the device frame, behind the covering component 2.

[0054] Workflow:

[0055] 1. Ditching stage

[0056] When the device is started, the worm gear reduction motor 7 in the control and drive unit 6 drives the wheel 11 to rotate via the rigid coupling 8. Wheel 11 is connected to the bottom of the device frame via the wheel axle, pushing the entire device forward. The furrowing component 5 at the front of the device moves with the device. The furrowing component 5 includes a furrowing plow with a flat bottom. The furrowing plow is a triangular steel plate structure with the top angle facing downward. The two edges of the steel plate are bent upward to form flanks. The angle between the flanks and the bottom surface is 120 degrees. The furrowing plow is fixed to the front of the device frame by a connecting rod. The furrowing plow is inserted into the soil, and the bottom surface of the steel plate contacts the soil. The flanks push the soil to the sides, forming a uniform seed furrow on the ground.

[0057] 2. Seeding stage

[0058] As the device continues to advance, the seeding component 4 begins to operate. The seeding component 4 comprises a socket-wheel seeding device, a seeding tube 16, and a seed guide tube. The socket-wheel seeding device is secured to the center of the device frame via a seeding device mounting bracket 15. The socket-wheel seeding device comprises a seeding wheel 31, which is a disc-shaped structure with six semicircular grooves 32 evenly distributed along its circumference. A drive motor 14 rotates the seeding wheel 31 via a coupling 13. The central axis of the seeding wheel 31 is supported by bearings within the seeding device housing. The housing has a feed port at the top and is connected to the seeding tube 16 at the bottom. Seeds enter the housing through the feed port and, as the seeding wheel 31 rotates, arc-shaped seed guide slots are provided in the seeding holes 32 along the forward direction. Seeds enter the seeding holes 32 through the seeding slots, allowing each hole to hold 5 to 6 seeds. When the seed wheel 31 rotates to the bottom of the housing, seeds fall through the shaped holes 32 into the seed tube 16. The seed tube 16 is a cylindrical metal tube with a gradually decreasing diameter. The seeds pass through the seed tube 16 and into the seed guide tube, a vertical cylindrical metal tube with its bottom facing the seed trench. The seeds fall into the trench through the seed guide tube. A photoelectric sensor is mounted on the outer wall of the seed guide tube. This cylindrical structure is secured by a U-shaped clamp. When the photoelectric sensor detects a seed passing through the seed guide tube, it outputs a signal to the PLC controller in the control and drive unit 6.

[0059] 3. Intermittent soil covering stage

[0060] The intermittent covering component 3 starts to move as the device advances. The intermittent covering component 3 includes a fertilizer box, an auger 18, an upper fertilizer box 25, a lower fertilizer box 23, a quality sensor, a thrust electromagnet 20, a baffle 24 and a flap 30. The fertilizer box is a trapezoidal structure made of transparent acrylic material. It has a feed port on the top and is connected to the upper fertilizer box 25 at the bottom. A disturbance shaft 19 is provided in the fertilizer box. The disturbance shaft 19 is a cylindrical metal rod with multiple rectangular disturbance plates welded on the surface. The disturbance shaft 19 is supported on the inner wall of the fertilizer box by bearings. The stirring motor 29 drives the disturbance shaft 19 to rotate through a coupling. The disturbance plates rotate with the disturbance shaft 19 to stir the fungus soil in the fertilizer box. The auger 18 is a spiral metal structure, arranged horizontally along the length of the upper fertilizer box 25. Both ends of the auger 18 are supported on the inner wall of the upper fertilizer box 25 by bearing three 17. The auger drive motor 26 drives the auger 18 to rotate through coupling two 27. The auger 18 transports the fungus soil from the fertilizer box to the upper fertilizer box 25. The upper fertilizer box 25 is a rectangular metal box with a discharge port at the bottom. Below the discharge port is connected to the lower fertilizer box 23. The lower fertilizer box 23 is a rectangular metal box with a rectangular opening at the bottom. The opening is connected to the flap 30 via a hinge. The flap 30 is a rectangular steel plate. In the initial state, the flap drive motor 22 rotates forward, driving the flap 30 to close the opening of the lower fertilizer box 23. The fungus soil falls from the upper fertilizer box 25 into the lower fertilizer box 23 and accumulates on the flap 30. The quality sensor is installed on the outside of the bottom of the lower fertilizer box 23 via the sensor bracket 21. When the quality of the fungus soil reaches a preset value, it outputs a signal to the PLC controller. The PLC controller energizes the thrust electromagnet 20. Its push rod, via a pin, rotates baffle 24, a rectangular steel plate hinged at one end to the bottom edge of the discharge port of the upper fertilizer box 25. Baffle 24 rotates into the channel between the upper fertilizer box 25 and the lower fertilizer box 23, preventing the fungus soil from falling into the lower fertilizer box 23. Simultaneously, the flap drive motor 22 reverses, driving flap 30 to open the opening of the lower fertilizer box 23. Flap 30 pivots on its hinge, allowing fungus soil to fall from the lower fertilizer box 23 into the seed trench, covering the seeds. A photoelectric sensor detects when the seeds pass through the seed guide tube. The PLC controller controls the opening and closing timing of flap 30 based on the seed drop time and the distance between the exit of the lower fertilizer box 23 and the seed guide tube, ensuring that the fungus soil covers the seeds.

[0061] 4. Soil covering stage

[0062] As the device continues to advance, the soil covering component 2 begins to operate. This component is a height-adjustable structure consisting of two symmetrically arranged covering plates. These plates are rectangular steel plates with their bottom edges bent inward at a 30-degree angle. The tops of the plates are hinged to an adjustment rod, which is threaded into an adjustment sleeve, which is bolted to the center of the device frame. As the device advances, the covering plates' bottom edges come into contact with the soil on both sides of the seed trench. The covering plates push the soil inward, covering the spawning soil within the trench.

[0063] 5. Land stabilization stage

[0064] As the device continues to advance, suppression component 1 begins to operate. Suppression component 1 is a roller-like structure made of steel, with multiple rectangular protrusions evenly distributed along its circumference. Bearings support the roller shaft at each end, which is secured to the rear of the device frame via a bearing seat. As the roller advances, its bottom contacts the covered soil, and as it rotates, the protrusions compact the soil above the seed trench.

[0065] 6. Stop phase

[0066] During the operation of the device, the speed sensor and limit sensor in the control and drive component 6 are continuously tested. The speed sensor is installed next to the axle of the wheel 11 and is fixed by a sensor bracket. When it detects that the wheel 11 stops rotating, it outputs a signal to the PLC controller. The limit sensor is installed in the installation groove on the inner wall of the fertilizer box. When it detects that there is insufficient fungus soil in the fertilizer box, it outputs a signal to the PLC controller. After receiving the signal from the speed sensor or the limit sensor, the PLC controller controls the worm gear reduction motor 7 to stop rotating, the wheel 11 stops, and the device stops moving. At the same time, the PLC controller controls the drive motor 14, the auger drive motor 26 and the flap drive motor 22 to stop rotating, the seeding wheel 31, the auger 18 and the flap 30 stop moving, and the seeding and fungus soil discharge stop.

[0067] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An intelligent automatic control mulch sorghum and black rice sowing device, characterized in that: include: A trenching component (5), a seeding component (4), an intermittent covering component (3), a soil covering component (2), a suppression component (1), and a control and driving component (6); The device body is made of lightweight aluminum profiles, the control and drive component (6) includes a worm gear reduction motor (7), a rigid coupling (8) and a wheel (11), and the worm gear reduction motor (7) is connected to the wheel (11) through the rigid coupling (8); the intermittent covering component (3) includes an auger (18), an upper fertilizer box (25), a lower fertilizer box (23), a quality sensor, a photoelectric sensor, a thrust electromagnet (20) and a flap (30), the auger (18) is located in the upper fertilizer box (25), the lower part of the upper fertilizer box (25) is connected to the lower fertilizer box (23), the bottom of the lower fertilizer box (23) is provided with a flap (30), the quality sensor is installed below the lower fertilizer box (23) through a sensor fixing frame (21), the thrust electromagnet (20) is connected to a baffle (24), and the baffle (24) is located between the upper fertilizer box (25) and the lower fertilizer box (23); The seeding component (4) includes a socket wheel type seeding device and a seeding tube (16), a seed guide tube and a photoelectric sensor. The socket wheel type seeding device includes a seeding wheel (31). The seeding wheel (31) is provided with a plurality of shaped holes (32). The socket wheel type seeding device is fixed by a seeding device mounting frame (15). The socket wheel type seeding device is connected to a driving motor (14) by a second bearing (12) and a first coupling (13). The photoelectric sensor is installed on the seed guide tube. The intermittent coating component (3) further comprises a disturbance shaft (19), a stirring motor (29), an auger drive motor (26), a second coupling (27), a motor mounting frame (28) and a flap drive motor (22); the disturbance shaft (19) is located at the top of the fertilizer box and is connected to the stirring motor (29); the stirring motor (29) is fixed via the motor mounting frame (28); the auger (18) is supported by a third bearing (17) and is connected to the auger drive motor (26) via a second coupling (27); and the flap drive motor (22) is connected to the flap (30); The control and drive component (6) further includes a speed sensor, a limit sensor and a PLC controller, wherein the speed sensor and the limit sensor are connected to the PLC controller, and the limit sensor is installed in the fertilizer box. The worm gear reduction motor (7) is fixed to the frame via a motor fixing plate (9) and a bearing (10); The fertilizer box is made of transparent acrylic material and has an angled design; The seed wheel (31) is provided with a seed guide groove along the forward direction, and the shaped hole (32) is a one-hole-one-seed structure.

2. The intelligent automatic control covering sorghum and black rice sowing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ditching component (5) comprises a ditching plow with a flat bottom surface, and the ditching component (5) is located at the front end.

3. The intelligent automatic control covering sorghum and black rice sowing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The soil covering component (2) is a height-adjustable structure, and the soil covering component (2) is located in the middle and rear part.

4. The intelligent automatic control covering sorghum and black rice sowing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: It also comprises a control panel, which is connected to the control and drive component (6).

5. The intelligent automatic control covering sorghum and black rice sowing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The suppressing component (1) is a roller-shaped structure, and the suppressing component (1) is located at the rear.

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