Multifunctional straw film seedling raising nutrition bowl and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a multifunctional straw film seedling raising nutrition bowl and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of planting. The seedling raising nutrition pot comprises a pot body base material layer which is formed by compounding nutrition components, agricultural and forestry waste fibers and degradable high polymer materials; the water storage layer is arranged in the bowl body base material layer, and the water storage layer is made of a hydrophilic material; the sand stabilization layer covers the outer surface of the bowl body base material layer and is used for enhancing the adhesiveness of the bowl body and sandy soil; the air holes are formed in the side wall of the bowl body base material layer, and the air holes are connected with the water storage layer so as to promote air exchange and adjust absorption and release of water; the anchoring structure is arranged at the bottom of the bowl body base material layer and used for enhancing the combination stability of the bowl body and sandy soil. According to the technical scheme, the sand stabilization capacity, the water retention capacity and the structural stability of the seedling raising pot in desert and drought environments can be improved, and therefore the survival rate of plants is increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the field of planting technology, and in particular, to a multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl and a preparation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In the context of global desertification control and ecological restoration, it is of great significance to increase the vegetation coverage rate in arid and desert areas. As a key tool for vegetation restoration, the seedling-raising nutrient bowl directly affects the survival rate of seedlings and the early growth environment. However, the existing seedling-raising nutrient bowls still have many deficiencies under extreme environmental conditions and are difficult to meet the needs of long-term ecological restoration.

[0003] Specifically, the current seedling-raising nutrient bowls have poor stability in a wind erosion environment, are difficult to form a firm bond with the soil, are prone to displacement under the action of wind or being buried by sand and dust, affecting the normal growth of seedlings. At the same time, traditional bowl materials mostly use plastics or non-degradable composite materials, which are prone to aging and cracking under harsh environments, not only shortening the service life, but also possibly causing long-term pollution to the soil ecosystem. In addition, the existing seedling-raising nutrient bowls lack effective water management capabilities, are difficult to maintain an appropriate soil moisture when precipitation is scarce, and are difficult to avoid rapid water loss in a short-term heavy precipitation environment, resulting in uneven water supply to seedlings and reducing the survival rate. Therefore, there is an urgent need to provide a seedling-raising nutrient bowl suitable for desert and arid areas to improve the survival rate of seedlings and thus promote ecological restoration.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the above background art section is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute the prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the embodiments of the present disclosure is to provide a multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl and a preparation method thereof, so as to at least to a certain extent improve the sand fixation ability, water retention ability and structural stability of the seedling-raising nutrient bowl in desert and arid environments, thereby increasing the survival rate of plants.

[0006] Other characteristics and advantages of the present disclosure will become apparent through the following detailed description, or be learned in part through the practice of the present disclosure.

[0007] According to the first aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, a multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl is provided, including: a bowl body base material layer, which is made by compounding nutrient components, agricultural and forestry waste fibers and biodegradable polymer materials; a water storage layer, which is arranged inside the bowl body base material layer and is made of hydrophilic materials; a sand fixation layer, which covers the outer surface of the bowl body base material layer and is used to enhance the adhesion between the bowl body and the sandy soil; ventilation holes, which are opened on the side wall of the bowl body base material layer, and the ventilation holes are connected to the water storage layer to promote air exchange and regulate the absorption and release of moisture; an anchoring structure, which is arranged at the bottom of the bowl body base material layer and is used to enhance the bonding stability between the bowl body and the sandy soil.

[0008] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the foregoing solution, the bowl body base material layer further includes: a reinforcement layer, which is embedded in the bowl body base material layer, and the reinforcement layer is arranged on the side of the water storage layer close to the external environment, and the reinforcement layer includes shell ash powder and an ultraviolet stabilizer.

[0009] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the foregoing solution, the water storage layer is a capillary network structure, the pore size range of the capillary network structure is 10nm - 100μm, and the capillary network structure is made of a reversible moisture absorption and release material.

[0010] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the foregoing solution, the sand fixation layer includes a bioadhesive material, and the bioadhesive material includes one or more of chitosan, sodium alginate and bio-protein glue.

[0011] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the foregoing solution, the bowl body base material layer includes: an annular air guide groove, which is distributed around the outer side wall of the bowl body base material layer.

[0012] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the foregoing solution, the anchoring structure includes: a plurality of anchoring protrusions, the anchoring protrusions are integrally formed with the bowl body base material layer, and the surface of the anchoring protrusions is provided with the sand fixation layer.

[0013] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the foregoing solution, the nutrient components include plant ash, livestock and poultry manure compost, humic acid, zeolite powder and diatomite, the agricultural and forestry waste fibers include straw fibers, cotton stalk fibers and waste paper pulp fibers, and the biodegradable polymer materials include starch-based biodegradable plastics, polybutylene succinate and polylactic acid.

[0014] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the foregoing solution, the mass ratio of plant ash, livestock and poultry manure compost, humic acid, zeolite powder, diatomite, straw fiber, cotton stalk fiber, waste paper pulp fiber, starch-based degradable plastic, polybutylene succinate, and polylactic acid in the pot substrate layer is 5-10:15-25:2-6:5-10:3-8:15-30:5-12:8-18:12-22:6-12:6-12.

[0015] According to a second aspect of the embodiments of the present disclosure, there is provided a method for preparing a multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient pot, the method comprising the following steps:

[0016] S1 Raw material preparation:

[0017] S11 Weigh the nutrient components, agricultural and forestry waste fibers, degradable polymer materials, hydrophilic materials, and sand-fixing materials according to the mass ratio, and perform pretreatment on each of them;

[0018] S12 Mix the nutrient components and agricultural and forestry waste fibers treated in S11 according to a set ratio, and add water to adjust the material humidity to reach a moldable state, and let it stand for 12-24 hours to improve the substrate stability and microbial activity;

[0019] S2 Structure layer production:

[0020] S21 Pot substrate layer forming:

[0021] Take the mixed raw materials treated in S12, uniformly mix them with the degradable polymer material, place them in a hot pressing mold with a concentric annular groove structure, and simultaneously fill the reinforcing layer and the water storage layer during the raw material filling process, wherein the reinforcing layer is composed of shell ash powder and an ultraviolet stabilizer, and the water storage layer is filled with a hydrophilic material having a capillary network structure; adopt a hot pressing and one-step forming process, and press for 8-15 minutes at a temperature of 120-160 °C and a pressure of 10-30 MPa;

[0022] S22 Vent hole opening:

[0023] Adopt a mechanical drilling process to open vent holes in the preset vent area on the side wall of the pot substrate layer to communicate with the water storage layer, and adjust the pore diameter to 2-8 mm;

[0024] S23 Sand-fixing layer coating:

[0025] Adopt a spraying process to coat the sand-fixing material on the outer surface of the pot substrate layer, and dry it at a low temperature of 50-80 °C to ensure the tight combination of the sand-fixing layer and the substrate layer;

[0026] S24 Anchor structure forming:

[0027] At the bottom of the pot body, a die pressing process is adopted to form a plurality of anchoring protrusions, and a sand-fixing layer is covered on the surface of the protrusions to enhance the bonding force between the pot body and the sandy soil;

[0028] S3 Finished product treatment:

[0029] The pot body obtained in S2 is dried at a constant temperature of 60 - 100 °C for 6 - 12 hours to reduce the moisture content inside the pot body to less than 10%, and the seedling-raising nutrient pot is obtained.

[0030] In some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, based on the foregoing solution, in step S11, the nutrient components include plant ash, livestock and poultry manure compost, humic acid, zeolite powder, and diatomaceous earth, and the nutrient components are crushed and uniformly mixed, and then subjected to fermentation treatment;

[0031] The agricultural and forestry waste fibers include straw fibers, cotton stalk fibers, and waste paper pulp fibers, and the agricultural and forestry waste fibers are successively crushed and dried to form a moldable fiber base material;

[0032] The biodegradable polymer materials include starch-based biodegradable plastics, polybutylene succinate, and polylactic acid, and the biodegradable polymer materials are melt-mixed;

[0033] The hydrophilic materials include zeolite powder and diatomaceous earth, and the hydrophilic materials are micronized;

[0034] The sand-fixing material adopts polysaccharide-based bioadhesives, chitosan, cellulose nanocrystals, and sodium alginate, and the sand-fixing material is dissolved to prepare a sand-fixing coating material.

[0035] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure may include the following beneficial effects:

[0036] In the multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient pot of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, the pot body base material layer is made of a composite of nutrient components, agricultural and forestry waste fibers, and biodegradable polymer materials, which can provide the nutrients required by the plants while optimizing the physical structure of the base material, improving the biodegradability of the material, enabling it to gradually decompose after use and integrate with the soil environment, and avoiding the environmental pollution problems caused by traditional materials. The addition of agricultural and forestry waste fibers enhances the structural stability of the pot body base material layer and supplements organic matter to the soil during the degradation process, optimizing the soil environment.

[0037] The water storage layer is arranged inside the pot body base material layer and is made of hydrophilic material. It can quickly absorb water in a humid environment and slowly release it under dry conditions, providing a continuous water source for the growth of seedlings. In an extremely arid environment, this structure can effectively reduce water evaporation loss, improve the stability of soil humidity, and enable seedlings to maintain a normal growth state under long-term water shortage. The opening of the ventilation holes enables the water storage layer to communicate with the external environment, thereby enhancing air circulation, keeping the soil with an appropriate oxygen content, preventing poor ventilation caused by water accumulation, and improving the efficiency of root respiration.

[0038] The sand fixation layer covers the outer surface of the pot body base material layer. It can enhance the adhesion when the pot body contacts the sandy soil, making it more firmly fixed in the soil, preventing displacement or toppling caused by wind force, enabling the seedling roots to grow in a relatively stable environment, and avoiding the adverse effects of external wind erosion on early growth. The anchoring structure is arranged at the bottom of the pot body base material layer, enabling the pot body to be more firmly embedded in the sandy soil and preventing movement or toppling in a strong wind environment. This structure improves the overall wind erosion resistance by enhancing the mechanical binding force between the pot body and the soil, enabling the seedlings to maintain a stable growth state in a harsh environment.

[0039] In summary, through the synergistic effect of each functional layer, the seedling-raising nutrient pot in the present disclosure enhances the sand fixation ability, water retention ability, and structural stability of the seedling-raising nutrient pot in desert and arid environments, thereby improving the survival rate of plants and promoting ecological restoration.

[0040] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are only exemplary and explanatory, and cannot limit the present disclosure. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The drawings herein are incorporated into the specification and constitute a part of this specification, showing embodiments consistent with the present disclosure, and are used together with the specification to explain the principles of the present disclosure. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0042] Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of a multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient pot according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0043] Figure 2 The structural schematic diagram of the pot body base material layer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0044] Figure 3 The state schematic diagram of the seedling-raising nutrient pot at the initial planting according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is schematically shown.

[0045] Figure 4 Schematically shows a schematic diagram of the seedling-raising nutrient bowl according to some embodiments of the present disclosure after one year of planting.

[0046] Figure 5 Schematically shows a schematic diagram of the seedling-raising nutrient bowl according to some embodiments of the present disclosure after two years of planting.

[0047] Figure 6 Schematically shows a schematic diagram of the seedling-raising nutrient bowl according to some embodiments of the present disclosure after three years of planting.

[0048] In the drawings, the same or corresponding reference numerals indicate the same or corresponding parts. Detailed implementation manners

[0049] Here, the exemplary embodiments will be described in detail, and the examples are shown in the drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The implementation manners described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all the implementation manners consistent with this specification. On the contrary, they are merely examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of this specification as detailed in the appended claims.

[0050] The terms used in this specification are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit this specification. The singular forms "a", "the" and "said" used in this specification and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0051] It should be understood that although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used in this specification to describe various information, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish the same type of information from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of this specification, the first information may also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information may also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "when" or "while" or "in response to determining".

[0052] Now, the exemplary embodiments will be described more fully with reference to the drawings. However, the exemplary embodiments can be implemented in various forms and should not be construed as limited to the examples set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be more complete and comprehensive, and will fully convey the concept of the exemplary embodiments to those skilled in the art.

[0053] In addition, the described features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. In the following description, numerous specific details are provided to give a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure. However, those skilled in the art will realize that the technical solutions of the present disclosure may be practiced without one or more of the specific details, or other methods, components, devices, steps, etc. may be employed. In other cases, well-known methods, devices, implementations, or operations are not shown or described in detail to avoid obscuring aspects of the present disclosure.

[0054] In addition, the drawings are only schematic diagrams and are not necessarily drawn to scale. The block diagrams shown in the drawings are only functional entities and do not necessarily correspond to physically independent entities. That is, these functional entities may be implemented in software form, or implemented in one or more hardware modules or integrated circuits, or implemented in different networks and / or processor devices and / or microcontroller devices.

[0055] The seedling-raising nutrient bowl is a key tool for vegetation restoration. However, the related seedling-raising nutrient bowls have insufficient stability in the wind erosion environment, are difficult to be tightly combined with the soil, are easy to move under the action of wind or be buried by sand and dust, affecting the growth stability of seedlings. At the same time, traditional bowl body materials usually use plastics or non-degradable composite materials, which are easy to age and crack in extreme environments, shortening the service life and possibly causing long-term pollution to the soil ecosystem. In addition, the related seedling-raising nutrient bowls have limitations in water management, are difficult to maintain soil humidity when precipitation is scarce, and are difficult to effectively store water under short-term heavy precipitation conditions, resulting in rapid water loss, unstable water supply for seedlings, and thus reducing the survival rate.

[0056] To solve all or part of the above-mentioned related technical problems, in the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, first, a multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl is provided. Figure 1 The structural schematic diagram of a multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl according to some embodiments of the present disclosure is schematically shown. Refer to Figure 1 As shown, the multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl may include the following parts:

[0057] The bowl body base material layer 1 is made of a composite of nutrient components, agricultural and forestry waste fibers, and a degradable polymer material.

[0058] The water storage layer 11 is arranged inside the bowl body base material layer, and the water storage layer is made of a hydrophilic material.

[0059] The sand fixation layer 2 covers the outer surface of the bowl body base material layer and is used to enhance the adhesion between the bowl body and the sandy soil.

[0060] Ventilation holes 3 are opened on the side wall of the pot body base material layer, and the ventilation holes are connected to the water storage layer to promote air exchange and regulate the absorption and release of moisture.

[0061] Anchoring structure 4 is arranged at the bottom of the pot body base material layer and is used to enhance the bonding stability between the pot body and the sandy soil.

[0062] During the actual application process, when the multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient pot is used, it is first laid in the target planting area, and an appropriate burying method is selected according to the environmental conditions, so that part or all of the pot body base material layer is buried in the soil to ensure sufficient contact with the surrounding soil and maintain stability. The pot body base material layer is made of a composite of nutrient components, agricultural and forestry waste fibers and biodegradable polymer materials, which can continuously provide necessary nutrients during the growth process of the plants, and gradually degrade under the action of the natural environment and merge with the soil to reduce the impact on the ecological environment. The water storage layer is arranged inside the pot body base material layer and is made of a hydrophilic material. It absorbs water during precipitation or irrigation and gradually releases it under drought conditions to provide a stable water supply for the roots of the seedlings, thereby improving the water utilization rate and avoiding the growth of seedlings being hindered due to insufficient water supply. The ventilation holes are opened on the side wall of the pot body base material layer and are communicated with the water storage layer, so that air can circulate between the water storage layer and the external environment, preventing the problem of root hypoxia caused by water retention, optimizing the soil ventilation, and improving the absorption efficiency of the roots of the seedlings. The sand-fixing layer covers the outer surface of the pot body base material layer, closely combines with the surrounding soil during the burying process, improves the adhesion between the pot body and the sandy soil, reduces the impact of wind erosion on the seedling-raising pot, and prevents the pot body from being displaced or buried by sand and dust due to the action of wind. As the roots of the seedlings develop, the sand-fixing layer further promotes the cohesion of the surrounding soil, makes the seedling-raising environment more stable, and provides support for the long-term growth of the seedlings. The anchoring structure is arranged at the bottom of the pot body base material layer. After the seedling-raising pot is buried in the soil, this structure forms an interlocking effect with the sandy soil, improves the fixing performance of the pot body, and prevents loosening or toppling in case of strong wind or soil erosion. With the support of the anchoring structure, the seedlings can obtain a more stable growth environment in the early growth stage, and further enhance the combination with the soil after the root system develops, improving the overall wind erosion resistance.

[0063] The above-mentioned various parts work together synergistically, enabling the multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient pot to adapt to desert and arid environments, improving the survival rate of plants, and naturally degrading during long-term use and integrating with the ecological environment, thereby promoting vegetation restoration and improving the sustainability of ecological restoration.

[0064] Next, the multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient pot in the above exemplary embodiment will be further described.

[0065] Reference Figure 1As shown, the substrate layer 1 of the pot body can be made by compounding nutrient components, agricultural and forestry waste fibers, and biodegradable polymer materials. Among them, the nutrient components can represent organic or inorganic substances that can provide necessary growth nutrients for seedlings, including but not limited to plant ash, livestock and poultry manure compost, humic acid, zeolite powder, diatomite, etc. Agricultural and forestry waste fibers can represent natural fiber materials derived from agricultural and forestry biomass resources. Biodegradable polymer materials refer to polymer materials that can be decomposed through biodegradation in the natural environment. The principle of the substrate layer of the pot body combines the biodegradable characteristics through a multi-component composite structure to provide continuous support in the early stage of seedling growth. In the early stage, the nutrient components slowly release nutrients to provide sufficient growth conditions for the seedlings; the agricultural and forestry waste fibers provide a good water retention and ventilation environment and improve the soil quality through gradual degradation; the biodegradable polymer materials ensure that the pot body has sufficient mechanical strength in the initial stage to maintain a stable seedling raising environment, and gradually degrade over time, enabling the seedling roots to penetrate the substrate layer smoothly and form a tight bond with the soil, ultimately achieving integration with the natural environment.

[0066] In some embodiments, the nutrient components include plant ash, livestock and poultry manure compost, humic acid, zeolite powder, and diatomite. Among them, the plant ash provides potassium elements to enhance soil aggregation; the livestock and poultry manure compost is rich in essential nutrient elements such as nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium to improve soil fertility; the humic acid enhances the soil's water and fertilizer retention capacity and improves the root growth environment; the zeolite powder and diatomite optimize the soil's air permeability and water regulation capacity to improve the absorption efficiency of the plant roots. The agricultural and forestry waste fibers include straw fibers, cotton stalk fibers, and waste paper pulp fibers. Among them, the straw fibers have high compressive strength and good water absorption capacity, which helps to enhance the mechanical properties of the substrate and improve water retention; the cotton stalk fibers and waste paper pulp fibers provide organic matter through degradation, optimize the soil structure, improve microbial activity, and at the same time endow the substrate with a certain flexibility and toughness to improve the environmental adaptability of the substrate layer. The biodegradable polymer materials include starch-based biodegradable plastics, polybutylene adipate terephthalate (PBAT), and polylactic acid (PLA). Among them, the starch-based biodegradable plastics are widely sourced, endow the pot body with a certain adhesiveness and initial strength, and can be gradually degraded under environmental influence to ensure that the seedlings can penetrate the substrate layer smoothly in the later stage of growth; PBAT has excellent flexibility and impact resistance, making the seedling raising pots not easily break during transportation and burial; PLA has high mechanical strength and biocompatibility, and can release small molecule organic acids during the degradation process to promote the optimization of the soil microecosystem.

[0067] Preferably, when preparing the pot substrate layer, the mass ratio of plant ash, livestock and poultry manure compost, humic acid, zeolite powder, diatomite, straw fiber, cotton stalk fiber, waste paper pulp fiber, starch-based degradable plastic, polybutylene succinate, and polylactic acid in the pot substrate layer is 5-10:15-25:2-6:5-10:3-8:15-30:5-12:8-18:12-22:6-12:6-12. This ratio optimizes the physical properties, biodegradability, and nutrient slow-release ability of the pot substrate layer, enabling the seedling-raising nutrient pot to meet the growth needs of seedlings at different growth stages and ensuring its stability in extreme environments.

[0068] Figure 2 Schematically shows a schematic structural diagram of a pot substrate layer according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. Refer to Figure 2 As shown, the water storage layer 11 can be disposed inside the pot substrate layer, and the water storage layer is made of a hydrophilic material. Among them, the water storage layer 11 plays a role in water storage and slow-release regulation in the overall structure of the seedling-raising nutrient pot by being disposed inside the pot substrate layer. In some embodiments, the water storage layer is a capillary network structure, and the pore size range of the capillary network structure is 10 nm - 100 μm, and the capillary network structure is made of a reversible moisture-absorbing and releasing material.

[0069] Preferably, the capillary network structure can be made of porous biochar and graphene oxide, and the mass ratio of the two is 80-95:5-20. Among them, the porous biochar provides a high specific surface area and a rich micro-nano pore structure to enhance the water storage capacity. Graphene oxide improves the dynamic moisture absorption and water release performance of the water storage layer through its layered structure and surface hydrophilic functional groups, enabling it to have a reversible moisture-absorbing and releasing function. When the humidity is high or precipitation is sufficient, the porous biochar in the capillary network structure quickly adsorbs water using its microporous structure and evenly distributes the water under the action of capillary force. At the same time, the interlayer water adsorption mechanism of graphene oxide further locks the water and reduces evaporation loss. When the environmental humidity decreases or the soil moisture decreases, the layered structure of graphene oxide releases the adsorbed water through van der Waals forces, while the microporous structure of the porous biochar provides a stable capillary drive, enabling the water to gradually penetrate to the surrounding of the seedling roots to achieve an adaptive slow-release water supply.

[0070] Then refer to Figure 1 , the sand-fixing layer 2 can cover the outer surface of the pot substrate layer to enhance the adhesion between the pot and the sand. In some embodiments, the sand-fixing layer includes a bioadhesive material, and the bioadhesive material includes one or more of chitosan, sodium alginate, and bio-protein glue.

[0071] Preferably, the sand-fixing layer 2 can be composed of chitosan, sodium alginate and biological protein glue, and the mass ratio of chitosan, sodium alginate and biological protein glue is 30-50:25-40:15-30 to optimize the adhesion performance, weather resistance and environmental adaptability of the sand-fixing layer. Among them, chitosan, as a structural strengthening component, has good biocompatibility and high molecular cross-linking characteristics, can improve the mechanical strength of the sand-fixing layer, and provide excellent wind erosion resistance after forming a stable sand-fixing film. At the same time, its antibacterial property helps to inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria and optimize the soil microecological environment. Sodium alginate enables the sand-fixing layer to have reversible deformation ability after absorbing water through its swelling and gel-forming characteristics, improves the flexibility of the sand-fixing layer, and enhances its coating effect on sand. It forms a dense network in a dry environment to improve the overall wind erosion resistance. Biological protein glue can provide stable adhesion ability in different humidity environments and promote the release of soil nutrients during the later biodegradation process, enabling the sand-fixing layer to gradually integrate with the soil system and reducing long-term environmental residue problems.

[0072] Next, referring to Figure 1 , the ventilation holes 3 can be opened on the side wall of the pot body base material layer, and the ventilation holes are connected to the water storage layer to promote air exchange and regulate the absorption and release of moisture. In some embodiments, the number of ventilation holes opened can be adjusted according to the diameter of the seedling-raising pot, the volume of the water storage layer and the environmental humidity. The number range is preferably 21-25, and the diameter range is preferably 2 mm-8 mm to avoid excessive moisture evaporation while ensuring air exchange.

[0073] Next, referring to Figure 1 , the anchoring structure 4 can be arranged at the bottom of the pot body base material layer to enhance the bonding stability between the pot body and the sand. Exemplarily, the anchoring structure includes a plurality of anchoring protrusions, and the anchoring protrusions are integrally formed with the pot body base material layer. The protrusions can be in the shape of a pyramid, a barb or a multi-sided column, and the height range is preferably 5 mm-15 mm. And the surface of the anchoring protrusion is provided with the sand-fixing layer to enhance the bonding force between the anchoring structure and the sand and prevent the seedling-raising nutrient pot from being displaced or buried by sand and dust in a wind erosion environment.

[0074] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 as shown, the pot body base material layer further includes a reinforcing layer 12, which is embedded in the pot body base material layer, and the reinforcing layer is arranged on the side of the water storage layer close to the external environment. The reinforcing layer includes shell ash powder and an ultraviolet stabilizer, and the mass ratio of the two is preferably 80-95:5-20 to optimize the mechanical strength and water retention capacity of the base material layer.

[0075] Specifically, the shell ash powder can be made from oyster shell powder, eggshell powder or shell powder. Its main components are calcium carbonate (CaCO3) and a small amount of keratin, which can form a dense particle network within the reinforcing layer, improving the overall strength of the pot body and enhancing its impact resistance. Calcium carbonate can endow the reinforcing layer with a certain alkaline adjustment ability, which helps to improve the soil pH value and form a dynamic adjustment barrier when the environmental moisture changes, reducing the water evaporation rate. The ultraviolet stabilizer can be titanium dioxide (TiO2) or zinc oxide (ZnO), which functions to reduce the photo-degradation effect of ultraviolet rays on the seedling-raising nutrient pot, improve the weather resistance of the pot body base material layer, and prevent the plants from drying up due to water shortage caused by long-term exposure to a high-radiation environment. To further optimize the impact resistance of the reinforcing layer, in some embodiments, the particle size range of the shell ash powder is preferably 10μm - 100μm, ensuring uniform distribution of the particles within the base material layer and forming a stable interfacial bond with the matrix material, thereby improving the overall strength of the reinforcing layer. In addition, to enhance its water regulation performance, 5 - 10% of bentonite or diatomaceous earth can be doped into the shell ash powder. Utilizing its porous structure to improve the water storage capacity and gradually release water when the environmental humidity is low, optimizing the water retention capacity of the base material layer.

[0076] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 2 As shown, the pot body base material layer includes an annular air guide groove 5, which is distributed around the outer side wall of the pot body base material layer. Exemplarily, the annular air guide groove 5 can be a multi-stage tapered structure or a bionic streamline structure. The depth of its groove body is preferably 2mm - 10mm, and the width range is preferably 3mm - 15mm, and it is adaptively adjusted according to the size ratio of the seedling-raising pot to optimize the air flow through effect and improve the wind erosion resistance. Among them, the multi-stage tapered structure can set the groove depth gradient at different heights, enabling the wind flow to gradually spread along the side wall of the seedling-raising pot, reducing the impact force of the high-speed air flow on the pot body, and at the same time reducing the risk of sand dust accumulation. The bionic streamline structure can be based on the wind flow guiding principle on the surface of sand dunes or plant leaves, enabling the air flow to pass smoothly and reducing local turbulence, preventing the seedling-raising pot from shifting or toppling under the action of wind force.

[0077] Furthermore, in other embodiments of the present disclosure, a preparation method of a multi-functional straw film seedling-raising nutrient pot is also provided. The preparation method may include the following steps:

[0078] S1 Raw material preparation:

[0079] Weigh the nutrient components, agricultural and forestry waste fibers, biodegradable polymer materials, hydrophilic materials, and sand-fixing materials according to the mass fraction ratio, and perform pretreatment on each of them. Among them, the nutrient components include plant ash, livestock manure compost, humic acid, zeolite powder, and diatomite. The nutrient components are pulverized and uniformly mixed, and then subjected to fermentation treatment. The agricultural and forestry waste fibers include straw fibers, cotton stalk fibers, and waste paper pulp fibers. The agricultural and forestry waste fibers are successively pulverized and dried to form a moldable fiber substrate. The biodegradable polymer materials include starch-based biodegradable plastics, polybutylene succinate, and polylactic acid. The biodegradable polymer materials are melt-mixed. The hydrophilic materials include zeolite powder and diatomite. The hydrophilic materials are micronized. The sand-fixing materials are polysaccharide bioadhesives, chitosan, cellulose nanocrystals, and sodium alginate. The sand-fixing materials are dissolved to prepare a sand-fixing coating material.

[0080] Mix the nutrient components and agricultural and forestry waste fibers treated in S11 according to the mass fraction ratio of 2:5, and add water to adjust the material humidity to reach a moldable state. Let it stand for 12 - 24 hours, with the temperature preferably at 25 - 35°C and the humidity controlled at 50% - 70% to avoid excessive drying or mildew, so as to improve the substrate stability and microbial activity.

[0081] Production of the structural layer:

[0082] Forming of the pot body substrate layer:

[0083] Take the mixed raw materials treated in S12, uniformly mix them with the biodegradable polymer materials, place them in a hot pressing mold with a concentric annular groove structure, and synchronously fill the reinforcing layer and the water storage layer during the raw material filling process. The reinforcing layer is composed of shell ash powder and an ultraviolet stabilizer, and the water storage layer is filled with a hydrophilic material with a capillary network structure, so that the reinforcing layer is located on the side of the pot body substrate layer close to the external environment and forms a water storage layer cavity, which is communicated with the ventilation holes; adopt a hot pressing one-step forming process, and press at a temperature of 120 - 160°C and a pressure of 10 - 30 MPa for 8 - 15 minutes to make the pot body substrate layer, the reinforcing layer, and the water storage layer form a stable composite structure.

[0084] Specifically, in step S21, first, the mixed raw materials after being processed in S12 are fully mixed with the biodegradable polymer material, and stirred for 10 - 20 minutes at a rotational speed of 1500 - 2000 rpm using a high-speed mixer to make each component evenly distributed, forming a uniformly plastic molding raw material. Subsequently, the mixed raw materials are placed in a hot pressing mold with a concentric annular groove structure and filled according to the layered filling sequence, so that the reinforcing layer and the water storage layer form a stable structure inside the substrate layer. The shell ash powder and the ultraviolet stabilizer in the reinforcing layer are mixed according to a mass ratio of 85:15, and evenly laid on the side close to the external environment with a thickness of 0.5 - 1.5 mm to enhance the weather resistance and anti-ultraviolet aging performance of the pot body; at the same time, the water storage layer is filled with a hydrophilic material with a capillary network structure and evenly distributed by the vacuum vibration filling method to optimize the water storage capacity and ensure its connection with the ventilation holes, thereby realizing controllable slow release of water. After filling is completed, a hot pressing one-step forming process is used to press under the conditions of a temperature of 120 - 160 °C and a pressure of 10 - 30 MPa for 8 - 15 minutes to ensure that all components are fully combined and form a stable multi-layer composite structure. After forming, it is cooled to 40 - 60 °C and then demolded, and transferred to subsequent low-temperature curing treatment to further optimize the material stability.

[0085] S22 Ventilation hole opening:

[0086] Using a mechanical drilling process, ventilation holes are opened in the side wall of the pot body substrate layer at the preset ventilation area to connect it with the water storage layer, and the hole diameter is adjusted to 2 - 8 mm. The number range of the ventilation holes is preferably 21 - 25, and the diameter range is preferably 2 mm - 8 mm.

[0087] S23 Sand fixation layer coating:

[0088] Using a spraying process, a sand fixation material is coated on the outer surface of the pot body substrate layer and dried at a low temperature of 50 - 80 °C to ensure that the sand fixation layer is tightly combined with the substrate layer.

[0089] S24 Anchoring structure forming:

[0090] Using a mold pressing process at the bottom of the pot body, a plurality of anchoring protrusions are formed, and a sand fixation layer is covered on the surface of the protrusions to enhance the bonding force between the pot body and the sandy soil.

[0091] S3 Finished product treatment:

[0092] The pot bodies obtained in S2 are dried at a constant temperature of 60 - 100 °C for 6 - 12 hours to reduce the internal moisture of the pot bodies to less than 10%, thereby obtaining the seedling-raising nutrient pots. Specifically, the pot bodies obtained in S2 can adopt a staged low-temperature drying process to avoid uneven shrinkage of materials or accumulation of internal stress caused by sudden temperature rise, which may affect the structural stability. First, the formed pot bodies are placed in a pre-drying chamber and preliminarily dried at 60 - 70 °C for 2 - 4 hours. By slowly evaporating moisture, the risk of surface cracking is reduced, and the hydrophilic materials in the water storage layer maintain an appropriate moisture content to maintain their moisture absorption and release performance. Subsequently, it enters the main drying stage, where the temperature is slowly raised to 80 - 100 °C and maintained for 4 - 8 hours. After drying is completed, the pot bodies are placed in a slow-cooling zone and left standing at a low temperature of 40 - 50 °C for 1 - 2 hours to reduce the internal stress caused by temperature difference changes, so that the seedling-raising nutrient pots achieve the expected structural integrity and service performance.

[0093] Next, referring to Figures 3 to 6 the application of the seedling-raising nutrient pots in a certain desert environment in Figure 3 FIG. schematically shows the state of the seedling-raising nutrient pot at the initial planting time. At this time, the seedling-raising nutrient pot is buried in the target soil environment, the pot body substrate layer remains intact, its sand-fixing layer is in full contact with the surrounding soil, forming a preliminary fixing structure, and the seedling roots mainly develop inside the pot body and have not yet penetrated the pot body substrate layer. Figure 4 FIG. schematically shows the state of the seedling-raising nutrient pot one year after planting. At this stage, as the plants grow, the roots have begun to penetrate the pot body substrate layer and expand outward, forming a preliminary bond with the surrounding soil, and the sand-fixing layer has been partially degraded. Figure 5 FIG. schematically shows the state of the seedling-raising nutrient pot two years after planting. At this stage, the roots have completely penetrated the pot body, forming a stable bond with the surrounding soil. The structure of the seedling-raising pot gradually merges with the soil, enabling the plants to adapt to the natural environment, reducing the dependence on external water and nutrients, increasing the vegetation coverage rate, and helping to prevent the expansion of desertification. Figure 6 FIG. schematically shows the state of the seedling-raising nutrient pot three years after planting. At this stage, the pot body substrate layer has been completely degraded or decomposed into soil organic matter, the water storage layer has been degraded, and the water regulation function is adjusted by the roots themselves, and the plants have completely adapted to the target environment.

[0094] It should be noted that although the steps of the methods in the present disclosure are described in a specific order in the drawings, this does not require or imply that these steps must be performed in that specific order, or that all the steps shown must be performed to achieve the desired result. Additionally or alternatively, some steps may be omitted, multiple steps may be combined into one step for execution, and / or one step may be decomposed into multiple steps for execution, etc.

[0095] In addition, the above-mentioned drawings are only schematic illustrations of the processes included in the method according to the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than for limiting purposes. It is easy to understand that the processes shown in the above-mentioned drawings do not indicate or limit the chronological order of these processes. Additionally, it is also easy to understand that these processes can be executed synchronously or asynchronously in, for example, multiple modules.

[0096] Other embodiments of the present disclosure will be readily contemplated by those skilled in the art after considering the specification and practicing the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the present disclosure that follow the general principles of the present disclosure and include known common general knowledge or conventional technical means in the technical field not disclosed by the present disclosure. The specification and embodiments are only regarded as exemplary, and the true scope and spirit of the present disclosure are pointed out by the claims.

[0097] It should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exact structures already described and shown in the drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of the present disclosure is only limited by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl, characterized in that, Including: A bowl body base material layer, which is made by compounding nutrient components, agricultural and forestry waste fibers and degradable polymer materials; A water storage layer, which is arranged inside the bowl body base material layer, and the water storage layer is made of hydrophilic materials; A sand fixation layer, which covers the outer surface of the bowl body base material layer and is used to enhance the adhesion between the bowl body and the sandy soil; Ventilation holes, which are opened on the side wall of the bowl body base material layer, and the ventilation holes are connected to the water storage layer to promote air exchange and regulate the absorption and release of moisture; An anchoring structure, which is arranged at the bottom of the bowl body base material layer and is used to enhance the combination stability between the bowl body and the sandy soil.

2. The multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl according to claim 1, wherein The bowl body base material layer further includes: A reinforcing layer, which is embedded in the bowl body base material layer, and the reinforcing layer is arranged on the side of the water storage layer close to the external environment. The reinforcing layer includes shell ash powder and an ultraviolet stabilizer.

3. The multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water storage layer is a capillary network structure, the pore size range of the capillary network structure is 10nm - 100μm, and the capillary network structure is made of a reversible moisture absorption and release material.

4. The multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sand fixation layer includes a bioadhesive material, and the bioadhesive material includes one or more of chitosan, sodium alginate and bio-protein glue.

5. The multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl according to claim 1, wherein, The bowl body base material layer includes: Annular air guide grooves, which are distributed around the outer side wall of the bowl body base material layer.

6. The multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl according to claim 1, wherein, The anchoring structure includes: A plurality of anchoring protrusions, which are integrally formed with the bowl body base material layer, and the surface of the anchoring protrusions is provided with the sand fixation layer.

7. The multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl according to claim 1, wherein, The nutrient components include plant ash, livestock and poultry manure compost, humic acid, zeolite powder and diatomite, the agricultural and forestry waste fibers include straw fibers, cotton stalk fibers and waste paper pulp fibers, and the degradable polymer materials include starch-based degradable plastics, polybutylene succinate and polylactic acid.

8. The multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mass ratio of plant ash, livestock and poultry manure compost, humic acid, zeolite powder, diatomite, straw fibers, cotton stalk fibers, waste paper pulp fibers, starch-based degradable plastics, polybutylene succinate and polylactic acid in the bowl body base material layer is 5 - 10:15 - 25:2 - 6:5 - 10:3 - 8:15 - 30:5 - 12:8 - 18:12 - 22:6 - 12:6 - 12.

9. A preparation method of the multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, Including the following steps: S1 Raw material preparation: S11 Weigh the nutrient components, agricultural and forestry waste fibers, degradable polymer materials, hydrophilic materials and sand fixation materials according to the mass ratio, and perform pretreatment respectively; S12 Mix the nutrient components and agricultural and forestry waste fibers treated in S11 according to a set ratio, and add water to adjust the material humidity to make it reach a moldable state, and let it stand for 12 - 24 hours to improve the substrate stability and microbial activity; S2 Structure layer production: S21 Bowl body base material layer forming: Take the mixed raw materials treated in S12, uniformly mix them with degradable polymer materials, place them in a hot pressing mold with a concentric annular groove structure, and synchronously fill the reinforcing layer and the water storage layer during the raw material filling process, where the reinforcing layer is composed of shell ash powder and an ultraviolet stabilizer, and the water storage layer is filled with a hydrophilic material with a capillary network structure; adopt a hot pressing one-step forming process, and press at a temperature of 120 - 160°C and a pressure of 10 - 30MPa for 8 - 15 minutes; S22 Ventilation hole opening: Adopt a mechanical drilling process to preset ventilation holes in the side wall of the bowl body base material layer in the ventilation area, so that it communicates with the water storage layer, and adjust the pore diameter to 2-8 mm; S23 Sand fixation layer coating: Adopt a spraying process to coat the outer surface of the bowl body base material layer with sand fixation material, and dry it at a low temperature of 50-80 °C to ensure the tight combination of the sand fixation layer and the base material layer; S24 Anchoring structure forming: Adopt a die pressing process at the bottom of the bowl body to form multiple anchoring protrusions, and cover the surface of the protrusions with a sand fixation layer to enhance the bonding force between the bowl body and the sandy soil; S3 Finished product treatment: The bowl body obtained in S2 is dried at a constant temperature of 60-100 °C for 6-12 hours to reduce the internal moisture of the bowl body to less than 10% to obtain the seedling-raising nutrient bowl.

10. The preparation method of the multifunctional straw film seedling-raising nutrient bowl according to claim 9, characterized in that, In step S11, the nutrient components include plant ash, livestock and poultry manure compost, humic acid, zeolite powder and diatomaceous earth, and the nutrient components are crushed and uniformly mixed, and then fermented; The agricultural and forestry waste fibers include straw fibers, cotton stalk fibers and waste paper pulp fibers, and the agricultural and forestry waste fibers are successively crushed and dried to form a moldable fiber base material; The biodegradable polymer materials include starch-based biodegradable plastics, polybutylene succinate and polylactic acid, and the biodegradable polymer materials are melt-mixed; The hydrophilic materials include zeolite powder and diatomaceous earth, and the hydrophilic materials are micronized; The sand fixation material uses polysaccharide-based bioadhesives, chitosan, cellulose nanocrystals, sodium alginate, and the sand fixation material is dissolved to prepare a sand fixation coating material.

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