Dual-mode spraying machine and mechanical deformation structure of spraying machine

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a dual-mode spraying machine and a mechanical deformation structure of the spraying machine, the dual-mode spraying machine is used for switching operation between an orchard air supply spraying mode and a field boom spraying mode, and the dual-mode spraying machine comprises a main body rack, a power system, a hydraulic system, a control system, a liquid medicine supply system, an air supply system and the mechanical deformation structure; when the mechanical deformation structure is in the first configuration, the mechanical deformation structure forms a spraying rod framework used for a field spraying rod spraying mode; when the mechanical deformation structure is in the second configuration, the mechanical deformation structure forms or supports a spraying frame used for an orchard air-conveying spraying mode and works in cooperation with an air-conveying system. The air supply system component and the spray boom system component which are originally conflicted in structure and independent in function can be ingeniously and efficiently integrated and spatially integrated, switching of function modes of the two systems is achieved through reliable mechanical actions, and it is ensured that the ideal spraying effect close to that of special equipment can be achieved in each working mode.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a dual-mode sprayer and a mechanical deformation structure of the sprayer. Background Art

[0002] In current agricultural plant protection operations, for different crop types and growth environments, two main but very different spray solutions have been formed technically.

[0003] The first is the air-assisted sprayer, which mainly serves crop planting areas with a significant three-dimensional canopy structure such as orchards, vineyards, and forestlands. This type of sprayer generates a strong auxiliary air flow by configuring a high-power fan system, aiming to strongly transport the atomized liquid medicine to the deep part of the crop canopy and the reverse side of the leaves to ensure effective control of pests and diseases in hidden areas.

[0004] The second is the boom sprayer, which is widely used for the protection of field crops such as wheat, corn, rice, cotton, and other low-growing cash crops. This sprayer is equipped with a long-distance, usually foldable spray boom, that is, a boom, on which a plurality of nozzles are regularly arranged to achieve uniform and efficient liquid medicine coverage of a vast crop surface area.

[0005] However, in terms of the core working mechanism of the above two types of sprayers, one is to use pneumatic assistance to transport the liquid medicine, and the other is to rely on the hydraulic system for uniform distribution; in terms of key functional components, one is the fan and the supporting air duct system, and the other is the long boom and its complex liquid pipeline system; in terms of the overall machine structure design, the air-assisted type is usually more compact and requires special consideration of the wind field distribution, while the boom type pursues a wide working width and requires consideration of the retraction and extension of the boom; in terms of power matching and consumption characteristics, the air-assisted type has significant fan power consumption, while the boom type mainly relies on the liquid pump and the traveling power; and even in terms of the adjustment and control of specific operating parameters, such as the control of air volume and air speed and the adjustment of spray width and spray volume, there are fundamental technical differences between the two.

[0006] Due to the significant differences in the above technical features, it directly leads to the highly specialized functions of existing air-assisted sprayers and boom sprayers. Each is designed for specific operating scenarios, lacking versatility and unable to be used interchangeably between the two modes. This situation poses technical challenges and economic pressures to agricultural producers, professional cooperatives, and social service organizations whose agricultural business scope covers orchards or forestlands as well as field crops, or those who need to provide diversified plant protection services. To meet all operating requirements, they have to invest funds separately to purchase, and independently maintain and manage in storage at least two sets of dedicated spray equipment with completely different structural functions. This repetitive investment not only significantly increases the initial capital investment and subsequent continuous operating costs such as maintenance and spare parts, but also significantly increases the idle period of the equipment and the storage space required. At the same time, it also makes management work such as operator training, operation scheduling during the busy farming season, and transfer of equipment between different plots more complex and inefficient, seriously affecting the utilization efficiency of valuable agricultural equipment resources, reducing the overall economic efficiency of agricultural production, and forming a technical bottleneck that urgently needs to be broken through in the development of agricultural plant protection mechanization. Summary of the Invention

[0007] In view of this, the embodiments of this specification provide a dual-mode sprayer and a mechanical deformation structure of the sprayer, which show significant and multi-faceted beneficial effects in solving problems such as the single function of existing sprayers, limited applicable scenarios, high costs for users, and complex management.

[0008] The embodiments of this specification provide the following technical solutions: A dual-mode sprayer for switching operations between the orchard air-assisted spray mode and the field boom spray mode. The dual-mode sprayer includes: a main body frame, a power system installed on the main body frame, a hydraulic system and a control system for driving and controlling the mechanical deformation structure, a liquid medicine supply system for supplying liquid medicine, an air-assisted system for providing auxiliary air flow in the orchard air-assisted spray mode, and a mechanical deformation structure;

[0009] The mechanical deformation structure is installed on the main body frame, and the control system is configured to: according to the received mode selection instruction, control the hydraulic system to drive the mechanical deformation structure to convert between the first configuration and the second configuration;

[0010] Wherein, when the mechanical deformation structure is in the first configuration, it constitutes a boom skeleton for the field boom spray mode; when the mechanical deformation structure is in the second configuration, it constitutes or supports a spray frame for the orchard air-assisted spray mode and cooperates with the air-assisted system.

[0011] Preferably, the dual-mode sprayer further includes a liquid medicine conveying and spraying assembly integrated or installed on the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit or the overall deformable framework, and the liquid medicine conveying and spraying assembly at least includes a liquid medicine inlet communicated with a liquid medicine supply source, a liquid medicine outlet, and at least one nozzle arranged at the liquid medicine outlet.

[0012] Preferably, the liquid medicine inlet and the liquid medicine outlet are communicated through a liquid medicine pipeline arranged along the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit or the overall deformable framework.

[0013] Preferably, the control system is further configured to: deactivate the air-assisted system when switching to the field boom spraying mode; activate the air-assisted system when switching to the orchard air-assisted spraying mode.

[0014] Preferably, the dual-mode sprayer further includes a walking chassis, and the main frame is installed on the walking chassis.

[0015] A mechanical deformation structure of a sprayer includes a plurality of dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units, each of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units includes at least two stages of telescopable cylinders, and at least two hinge connection points are arranged on each of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units for realizing the connection between the plurality of dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units or the connection with other components of the sprayer;

[0016] The plurality of dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units are connected to each other through the hinge connection points to form an overall deformable framework, and the overall deformable framework can be converted between at least two main working configurations by controlling the telescopic state of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units and using the relative rotation at the hinge connection points;

[0017] The at least two main working configurations include: a linear first configuration formed when the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit is in an extended state and used for forming a boom skeleton in the boom spraying mode; and a polygonal or annular second configuration formed by folding or bending when the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit is in a contracted state and used for forming or supporting a spray frame in the orchard air-assisted spraying mode.

[0018] Preferably, the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit includes at least one dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder sleeved inside the outer cylinder of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder and one dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder inner cylinder sleeved inside the innermost dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder, the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder can telescopically move relative to the outer cylinder of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder, and the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder inner cylinder can telescopically move relative to the directly sleeved dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder.

[0019] Preferably, the at least two articulated connection points include an outer cylinder articulated connection point provided on the outer cylinder of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder and an inner cylinder articulated connection point provided on the inner cylinder of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder.

[0020] Preferably, each dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit is further provided with at least two hydraulic oil inlets respectively used to control the extending and retracting actions.

[0021] Preferably, the mechanical deformation structure further includes a locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is used to stably lock the overall deformable frame in the first configuration or the second configuration state.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects that can be achieved by at least one of the above technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of this specification at least include:

[0023] By designing a mechanical deformation structure of a sprayer, it is possible to cleverly and efficiently integrate and spatially integrate the originally structurally conflicting and functionally independent components of the air-assisted system and the boom system components, and realize the switching of the function modes of the two systems through reliable mechanical actions, ensuring that an ideal spraying effect close to that of a dedicated device can be achieved in each working mode. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the mechanical deformation structure of the sprayer in the extended state;

[0026] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder in the first configuration;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole machine in the working state with the boom mechanism in the deployed state after the dual-mode sprayer is switched to the field boom spraying mode;

[0028] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the mechanical deformation structure of the sprayer in the contracted state;

[0029] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder in the second configuration;

[0030] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the whole machine in the working state with the air-assisted system in the working state after the dual-mode sprayer is switched to the orchard air-assisted spraying mode.

[0031] In the figure, 1a is the outer cylinder; 1b is the middle cylinder; 1c is the inner cylinder; 2a is the first hydraulic oil inlet; 2b is the second hydraulic oil inlet; 3a is the hinge connection point of the outer cylinder; 3b is the hinge connection point of the inner cylinder; 4a is the liquid medicine inlet; 4b is the liquid medicine outlet; 5 is the nozzle; 6 is the first configuration; 7 is the second configuration; 8 is the main body frame; 9 is the liquid medicine supply system; 10 is the air-blast system. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0033] The following uses specific specific examples to illustrate the implementation manners of the present application. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present application from the content disclosed in this specification. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. The present application can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners. The details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present application. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0034] It should be noted that the following describes various aspects of the embodiments within the scope of the appended claims. It should be obvious that the aspects described herein can be embodied in a wide variety of forms, and any specific structure and / or function described herein is illustrative only. Based on the present application, those skilled in the art should understand that one aspect described herein can be implemented independently of any other aspect, and two or more of these aspects can be combined in various ways. For example, any number and aspects described herein can be used to implement the device and / or practice the method. In addition, this device and / or practice this method can be implemented using other structures and / or functions in addition to one or more of the aspects described herein.

[0035] It should also be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present application in a schematic manner. The drawings only show the components related to the present application, rather than being drawn according to the number, shape and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, quantity and proportion of each component in its actual implementation can be an arbitrary change, and the component layout type may also be more complex.

[0036] In addition, in the following description, specific details are provided to facilitate a thorough understanding of the examples. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the described aspects can be practiced without these specific details.

[0037] In current agricultural plant protection operations, for different crop types and growth environments, technically two main but significantly different spraying solutions have emerged. The first is the air-assisted sprayer, which mainly serves crop planting areas with a significant three-dimensional canopy structure such as orchards, vineyards, and woodlands. This type of sprayer is equipped with a high-power fan system to generate a strong auxiliary airflow, aiming to forcefully transport the atomized liquid medicine deep into the crop canopy and to the back of the leaves, ensuring effective control of pests and diseases in hidden areas. The second is the boom sprayer, which is widely used for the protection of field crops such as wheat, corn, rice, cotton, and some other low-growing cash crops. This sprayer is equipped with a long-distance, usually foldable spray boom, i.e., the boom, on which multiple nozzles are regularly arranged to achieve uniform and efficient liquid medicine coverage of a vast crop surface area. However, in terms of the core working mechanism, one uses pneumatic assistance to transport the liquid medicine, and the other relies on a hydraulic system for uniform distribution; in terms of key functional components, one is the fan and the supporting air duct system, and the other is the long boom and its complex liquid pipeline system; in terms of the overall machine structure design, the air-assisted type is usually more compact and requires special consideration of the wind field distribution, while the boom type pursues a wide working width and needs to consider the retraction and extension of the boom; in terms of power matching and consumption characteristics, the air-assisted type has significant fan power consumption, while the boom type mainly relies on the liquid pump and the traveling power; and even in terms of the adjustment and control of specific operation parameters, such as the control of air volume and wind speed and the adjustment of spray width and spray volume, there are fundamental technical differences between the two.

[0038] The significant differences in the above technical characteristics directly result in the high specialization of the existing air-assisted sprayers and boom sprayers, each designed for specific operation scenarios, thus lacking versatility and being unable to replace each other in the two modes. This situation poses technical challenges and economic pressures to agricultural producers, professional cooperatives, and social service organizations whose agricultural business scope covers both orchards or woodlands and field crops, or those who need to provide diversified plant protection services. In order to meet all operation requirements, they have to separately invest in purchasing, and independently maintain, store and manage at least two sets of special spray equipment with completely different structural functions. This repetitive investment not only greatly increases the initial capital investment and subsequent continuous operation costs such as maintenance and spare parts, but also significantly increases the idle period of the equipment and the required storage space. At the same time, it also makes management work such as operator training, operation scheduling during the busy farming season, and the transfer of equipment between different plots more complex and inefficient, seriously affecting the utilization efficiency of valuable agricultural equipment resources, reducing the overall economic efficiency of agricultural production, and forming a technical bottleneck that urgently needs to be broken through in the development of agricultural plant protection mechanization.

[0039] Therefore, the primary objective of the present invention is precisely to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art. Specifically, the present invention aims to solve the technical problems of the existing plant protection spraying machinery, which has a single function, poor scene adaptability, and cannot simultaneously meet the two core requirements of orchard air-assisted spraying operation and field boom spraying operation, thereby eliminating the high costs, low utilization rates, and complex management dilemmas faced by users due to the need to purchase multiple dedicated devices. To achieve this goal, the core technical task to be completed by the present invention is to research and develop and provide a mechanically deformable structure for an orchard air-assisted and field boom dual-mode sprayer with a new design, a stable and reliable structure, convenient and efficient mode conversion operation. The core design concept of this structure is that, through innovative mechanical engineering methods, the key components required for air-assisted spraying operations, such as fans, guiding devices, air outlets, etc., are ingeniously and reconfigurably integrated with the key components required for boom spraying operations, such as foldable or telescopic booms, corresponding liquid path systems, nozzle assemblies, etc., together with the possible power transmission switching devices, on the shared chassis or main frame platform of the same sprayer. By performing a set of pre-set and concise mechanical action steps, such as folding and retracting relevant components, unfolding and positioning, rotating and shifting, lifting and adjusting, and locking or unlocking, etc., this sprayer can quickly and stably switch from one operation mode, namely the orchard air-assisted mode, to another operation mode, namely the field boom mode, on-site, and can also be conveniently reversed, without the need for complex disassembly and reassembly throughout the process.

[0040] The present invention aims to solve the technical problems of the existing plant protection spraying machinery, which has a single function, poor scene adaptability, and cannot simultaneously meet the two core requirements of orchard air-assisted spraying operation and field boom spraying operation, thereby eliminating the high costs, low utilization rates, and complex management dilemmas faced by users due to the need to purchase multiple dedicated devices. To achieve this goal, the core technical task to be completed by the present invention is to research and develop and provide a mechanically deformable structure for an orchard air-assisted and field boom dual-mode sprayer with a new design, a stable and reliable structure, convenient and efficient mode conversion operation. The core design concept of this structure is that, through innovative mechanical engineering methods, the key components required for air-assisted spraying operations, such as fans, guiding devices, air outlets, etc., are ingeniously and reconfigurably integrated with the key components required for boom spraying operations, such as foldable or telescopic booms, corresponding liquid path systems, nozzle assemblies, etc., together with the possible power transmission switching devices, on the shared chassis or main frame platform of the same sprayer. By performing a set of pre-set and concise mechanical action steps, such as folding and retracting relevant components, unfolding and positioning, rotating and shifting, lifting and adjusting, and locking or unlocking, etc., this sprayer can quickly and stably switch from one operation mode, namely the orchard air-assisted mode, to another operation mode, namely the field boom mode, on-site, and can also be conveniently reversed, without the need for complex disassembly and reassembly throughout the process.

[0041] By providing such a unique mechanical deformation structure, the present invention aims to endow a single spraying device with the ability to perform two mainstream plant protection spraying tasks simultaneously. This provides a unified and efficient technical solution, aiming to significantly improve the versatility and environmental adaptability of agricultural spraying equipment, greatly increase the return on investment of users and the annual effective utilization time of the equipment, effectively reduce the overall costs of purchase, maintenance and management, simplify the daily management work process of farms, and ultimately improve the accuracy, efficiency and economy of agricultural plant protection operations, and promote the wide application of efficient plant protection technologies in a more diversified modern agricultural production system.

[0042] The following describes the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 and Figure 4 - Figure 5 shown, a mechanical deformation structure of a sprayer includes a plurality of dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units. Each of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units includes at least two stages of telescopable cylinder bodies. At least two hinge connection points are provided on each of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units for realizing the connection between the plurality of dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units or the connection with other components of the sprayer;

[0044] The plurality of dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units are interconnected through the hinge connection points to form an integral deformable framework. The integral deformable framework can be switched between at least two main working configurations by controlling the telescopic state of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units and using the relative rotation at the hinge connection points;

[0045] The at least two main working configurations include: a linear first configuration 6, which is formed when the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit is in the extended state and is used to form the boom skeleton in the boom spraying mode; and a polygonal or annular second configuration 7, which is formed by folding or bending when the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit is in the contracted state and is used to form or support the spraying framework in the orchard air-blast spraying mode.

[0046] The core of this mechanical deformation structure is to realize the dynamic conversion of the overall framework between two working modes (field boom mode and orchard air-blast mode) through the coordinated telescoping of the multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units and the flexible rotation of the hinge connection points. The specific working process and principle are as follows:

[0047] Telescopic drive of multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units

[0048] Hydraulic drive mechanism: Each dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit includes at least two stages of telescopic cylinder bodies (such as outer cylinder 1a, middle cylinder 1b, inner cylinder 1c). By injecting or discharging hydraulic oil through the hydraulic oil inlet, the synchronous or stepwise telescoping of each stage of the cylinder body is controlled.

[0049] Extended state: The hydraulic oil pushes the inner cylinder 1c to extend outwards step by step, maximizing the length of the entire hydraulic cylinder unit and forming a linearly arranged basic framework (the first configuration 6).

[0050] Shrink state: The hydraulic oil acts in the reverse direction, driving the inner cylinder 1c to retract into the outer cylinder 1a step by step, shortening the length of the hydraulic cylinder unit and providing space for the folding / bending of the framework (the second configuration 7).

[0051] Dynamic linkage of articulated connection points

[0052] Function of articulated points: Articulated connection points (3a, 3b) are provided at both ends or in the middle of each hydraulic cylinder unit, and are linked to other hydraulic cylinder units or sprayer components (such as liquid medicine pipelines, support frames) through mechanical connectors such as pin shafts and universal joints.

[0053] Linear configuration (the first configuration 6): When all hydraulic cylinder units are extended to the maximum length, the articulated points are in a straight alignment state, and each unit is locked or maintained in a rigid connection through the articulated points, forming a stable and continuous boom skeleton, which is suitable for the high rigidity requirements of a straight boom in field operations.

[0054] Ring / polygon configuration (the second configuration 7): When some or all of the hydraulic cylinder units shrink, the articulated points allow adjacent units to rotate relative to the axis. By controlling the shrinkage degree and articulated angle of the hydraulic cylinders at different positions, the overall framework can be folded into a ring (such as a circle, ellipse) or polygon (such as a triangle, hexagon) frame, matching the three-dimensional spray coverage required by the orchard air-assisted spraying mode.

[0055] Field boom mode (the first configuration 6)

[0056] Configuration formation: The control system sends instructions, and all hydraulic cylinder units are synchronously extended to the maximum length. The articulated points are mechanically locked or hydraulically maintained in a straight alignment to form a rigid linear skeleton.

[0057] Function realization: The liquid medicine is transported to the nozzle 5 through the pipelines arranged along the hydraulic cylinder units, forming continuous and uniform boom spraying; the linear structure provides high stability, meeting the requirements of high-speed driving and wide-width spraying in field operations.

[0058] Orchard air-assisted spraying mode (the second configuration 7)

[0059] Configuration formation: The control system plans the shrinkage sequence and angle of the hydraulic cylinder units according to the target shape (such as a ring): the hydraulic cylinder units in the central area are completely shrunk to form a "fulcrum" for the framework to bend; the edge units are partially shrunk as needed, and the included angle between adjacent units is adjusted by rotating through the articulated points, gradually folding into a closed or semi-closed ring / polygon frame.

[0060] Functional implementation: When the air delivery system 10 is started, the airflow enhances the droplet penetration through the internal or surrounding channels of the frame; the nozzles 5 are distributed along the annular frame to achieve 360° circumferential spraying or directional multi-angle spraying, adapting to the complex canopy structure of the orchard.

[0061] As Figure 1 - Figure 2 and Figure 4 - Figure 5 shown, in some embodiments, the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit includes at least one dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder 1b sleeved inside the outer cylinder 1a of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder and a dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder inner cylinder 1c sleeved inside the innermost dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder 1b. The dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder 1b can perform telescopic movement relative to the outer cylinder 1a of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder, and the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder inner cylinder 1c can perform telescopic movement relative to the directly sleeved dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder 1b. The nested telescopic mechanism of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit realizes the multi-stage linear telescopic function through the step-by-step sleeved structure of the outer cylinder 1a, middle cylinder 1b, and inner cylinder 1c and the hydraulic oil circuit control. Its core working principle is as follows:

[0062] The outer cylinder 1a of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder is the outermost fixed cylinder body, with at least one dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder 1b and a dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder inner cylinder 1c sleeved inside it in sequence, forming a three-stage or more nested structure. The sliding surfaces between the cylinder bodies are precisely machined to ensure coaxiality and stability during telescoping. The middle cylinder 1b can slide axially along the inner wall of the outer cylinder 1a, and the inner cylinder 1c slides along the inner wall of the middle cylinder 1b, forming a step-by-step progressive telescopic path. By controlling the oil pressure in each chamber at different times, sequential telescoping (for example, first fully extending the middle cylinder 1b and then driving the inner cylinder 1c) or synchronous telescoping (multiple cylinders act simultaneously) can be achieved. The hinge connection points on the outer cylinder 1a and inner cylinder 1c are connected to other units through pins or universal joints, allowing relative rotation between adjacent units during telescoping.

[0063] As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, in some embodiments, the at least two hinge connection points include an outer cylinder 1a hinge connection point provided on the outer cylinder 1a of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder and an inner cylinder 1c hinge connection point provided on the inner cylinder 1c of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder. The coordinated action of the outer cylinder 1a hinge connection point and the inner cylinder 1c hinge connection point is the core mechanism for realizing dynamic linkage and configuration conversion between multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units, and its working principle is as follows:

[0064] The hinge connection point of the outer cylinder 1a is set at the end or side of the special multi-stage hydraulic cylinder outer cylinder 1a, and is connected to other units or spray mechanism components through mechanical connectors such as pins and universal joints. As the outermost fixed structure, the hinge point of the outer cylinder 1a needs to bear a large load, and usually adopts flange connection or threaded connection to improve strength and stability. The hinge connection point of the inner cylinder 1c is located at the end of the special multi-stage hydraulic cylinder inner cylinder 1c, and moves with the expansion and contraction of the inner cylinder 1c. The hinge point of the inner cylinder 1c needs to adapt to dynamic displacement, and often adopts a key connection or a guide sleeve with a sliding structure to ensure rotation flexibility and coaxiality.

[0065] Extension state (first configuration 6): When the hydraulic oil drives the inner cylinder 1c to extend outward, the distance between the hinge point of the inner cylinder 1c and the hinge point of the outer cylinder 1a increases, and the adjacent units are kept in a straight line alignment through the hinge points to form a rigid spray boom skeleton.

[0066] Contraction state (second configuration 7): The hydraulic oil flows in reverse to retract the inner cylinder 1c, and the distance between the hinge point of the inner cylinder 1c and the hinge point of the outer cylinder 1a decreases. By controlling the contraction amount of different units, adjacent units rotate relative to each other around the hinge axis and gradually fold into a ring or polygonal frame.

[0067] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, each of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units is further provided with at least two hydraulic oil inlets for controlling the extension and retraction actions, respectively. In order to realize and control the extension and retraction actions of each stage of the cylinder body in the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit, at least two hydraulic oil inlets are provided, which may specifically include a first hydraulic oil inlet 2a and a second hydraulic oil inlet 2b, which are respectively used to supply or discharge hydraulic oil to different chambers in the hydraulic cylinder.

[0068] like Figure 2 and Figure 5 As shown, in some embodiments, the mechanical deformation structure further includes a locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is used to stably lock the overall deformable frame in the first configuration 6 or the second configuration 7 state.

[0069] like Figure 1 - Figure 6 As shown, based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of this specification provides a dual-mode sprayer for switching between an orchard air-supplied spray mode and a field spray boom spray mode, the dual-mode sprayer comprising: a main frame 8, a power system mounted on the main frame 8, a hydraulic system and a control system for driving and controlling the mechanical deformation structure, a liquid medicine supply system 9 for supplying liquid medicine, a wind delivery system 10 for providing auxiliary airflow in the orchard air-supplied spray mode, and a mechanical deformation structure as described in any one of the above items;

[0070] The mechanical deformation structure is installed on the main frame 8, and the control system is configured to: according to the received mode selection instruction, control the hydraulic system to drive the mechanical deformation structure to switch between the first configuration 6 and the second configuration 7;

[0071] Wherein, when the mechanical deformation structure is in the first configuration 6, it constitutes the boom skeleton for the field boom spray mode; when the mechanical deformation structure is in the second configuration 7, it constitutes or supports the spray frame for the orchard air-assisted spray mode and cooperates with the air-assisted system 10.

[0072] Through the multi-morphology conversion of the mechanical deformation structure and the coordinated control of multiple systems, this dual-mode sprayer realizes the rapid switching between orchard air-assisted spraying and field boom spraying. Its core working principle is as follows:

[0073] System integration and function allocation

[0074] Main frame 8: As the basic bearing platform, it integrates the power system, hydraulic station, liquid medicine tank, air-assisted fan and control cabinet, providing the overall machine structure rigidity and system installation interfaces.

[0075] Mechanical deformation structure: A deformable frame composed of multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units and articulated connection points, which changes its shape through hydraulic drive to become the boom skeleton (the first configuration 6) or the air-assisted spray frame (the second configuration 7).

[0076] Hydraulic system: Drives the mechanical deformation structure to extend and lock, and controls the boom / frame shape;

[0077] Air-assisted system 10: Only starts in the orchard mode, generates high-speed air flow through the centrifugal fan to enhance the penetration of the fog droplets through the tree crown;

[0078] Liquid medicine supply system 9: Adjusts the flow rate and pressure according to the mode switch to adapt to the requirements of uniform spraying of the boom or concentrated injection of the air-assisted spray;

[0079] Control system: Integrates sensors and algorithms to realize one-key mode switching and adaptive adjustment of operation parameters.

[0080] Field boom spray mode (the first configuration 6)

[0081] Morphology conversion: The control system sends an instruction, and the hydraulic system drives the multi-stage hydraulic cylinders (outer cylinder 1a, middle cylinder 1b, inner cylinder 1c) to extend to the maximum stroke step by step. Each unit aligns through the articulated points to form a linear boom skeleton, and the locking mechanism (mechanical buckle + hydraulic lock) is activated synchronously to fix the overall configuration.

[0082] Spraying operation: After the liquid medicine is pressurized by the supply pump, it is evenly sprayed through the atomizing nozzles 5 (such as fan-shaped or conical nozzles) distributed along the spray boom; the height of the spray boom can be adjusted by the hydraulic cylinder to adapt to different crop heights (such as wheat, rice); the air-assisted system 10 is in a dormant or low-power operation state, only maintaining basic heat dissipation.

[0083] Orchard air-assisted spraying mode (second configuration 7)

[0084] Morphological transformation: The control system triggers the reverse action of the hydraulic system. The multi-stage hydraulic cylinder contracts, driving the hinge points to fold, and the mechanical deformation structure bends into an annular or U-shaped frame. The locking mechanism is rigidly fixed at a preset angle to form an air-assisted spraying channel that wraps the fruit tree.

[0085] Air-assisted system 10: Start the centrifugal fan to generate high-speed air flow, and direct the droplets to the inside of the tree crown through the deflector hood;

[0086] Liquid medicine spraying: The nozzles 5 are arranged along the inner wall of the annular frame, and the atomized liquid medicine is mixed with the air flow to form an air-liquid two-phase flow, improving the droplet adhesion rate;

[0087] As Figure 1 - Figure 6 shown, in some embodiments, the dual-mode sprayer further includes a liquid medicine conveying and spraying assembly integrated or installed on the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit or the overall deformable frame. The liquid medicine conveying and spraying assembly at least includes a liquid medicine inlet 4a communicating with the liquid medicine supply source, a liquid medicine outlet 4b, and at least one nozzle 5 provided at the liquid medicine outlet 4b.

[0088] As Figure 1 - Figure 6 shown, in some embodiments, the liquid medicine inlet 4a and the liquid medicine outlet 4b are communicated through a liquid medicine pipeline arranged along the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit or the overall deformable frame.

[0089] As Figure 1 - Figure 6 shown, in some embodiments, the control system is further configured to: deactivate the air-assisted system 10 when switching to the field spray boom spraying mode; activate the air-assisted system 10 when switching to the orchard air-assisted spraying mode.

[0090] In some embodiments, the dual-mode sprayer further includes a walking chassis, and the main frame 8 is installed on the walking chassis.

[0091] Please refer to Figure 1 - Figure 6 , and the following will be described with specific embodiments:

[0092] Embodiment 1

[0093] This embodiment provides a complete implementation form of an orchard air-assisted and field spray boom dual-mode sprayer. Refer to Figure 3 andFigure 6 , the mechanical deformation structure is mainly assembled by multiple dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units. Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , where Figure 1 shows a single dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit in the fully extended state, Figure 4 shows it in the fully retracted state. Each dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit specifically includes: a cylindrical dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder outer cylinder 1a, the material of which can be selected as high-strength alloy steel; at least one dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder 1b, sleeved inside the outer cylinder 1a; and a dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder inner cylinder 1c, sleeved inside the innermost middle cylinder 1b. The middle cylinder 1b can slide and extend telescopically inside the outer cylinder 1a, and the inner cylinder 1c can slide and extend telescopically inside the middle cylinder 1b, forming a multi-stage telescopic sleeve structure. To drive the telescopic movement, there are hydraulic oil inlets on the cylinder body, such as the first hydraulic oil inlet 2a and the second hydraulic oil inlet 2b schematically marked in the figure. By controlling the hydraulic valve through the control system to supply or drain oil to 2a or 2b, for example, supplying oil to a specific chamber to make the inner cylinder 1c and the middle cylinder 1b extend sequentially or synchronously (such as the Figure 1 state), and supplying oil to another chamber will make them retract sequentially or synchronously (such as the Figure 4 state). The total stroke of the hydraulic cylinder, that is, the difference between the fully extended length and the fully retracted length, can be designed according to the required width of the spray boom. For example, the total fully extended length can reach several meters, and the fully retracted length is significantly shortened.

[0094] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 4 , to achieve the connection and deformation between the hydraulic cylinder units, there are outer cylinder hinge connection points 3a at the ends or sides of the outer cylinder 1a, and inner cylinder hinge connection points 3b at the ends of the inner cylinder 1c. These hinge connection points can adopt the structure of pin shafts and bushings, and the material is quenched high-strength steel to ensure the connection strength and rotational flexibility. Through these hinge connection points 3a and 3b, the ends of multiple hydraulic cylinder units can be connected to each other, or connected to the main frame of the sprayer or other link mechanisms.

[0095] At the same time, to achieve the spraying function, the liquid medicine delivery pipeline and the nozzle are integrated on this deformation structure. As Figure 1 and Figure 4 shown, there are liquid medicine inlets 4a and liquid medicine outlets 4b on each or some of the hydraulic cylinder units. The liquid medicine inlet 4a is connected to the liquid medicine pump of the sprayer through a hose or a hard pipe, and the liquid medicine outlet 4b is connected to the nozzle 5. After the liquid medicine flows in from the inlet 4a, it can flow to the outlet 4b through the protection pipeline laid along the outer wall of the hydraulic cylinder body (such as the outer cylinder 1a) or the channel integrated inside the cylinder body structure, and is finally atomized and sprayed out by the nozzle 5. The nozzle 5 can be a fan-shaped nozzle suitable for field spraying or a conical nozzle suitable for orchard spraying, or a replaceable nozzle design can be adopted.

[0096] Working mode 1: Field spray boom spraying mode

[0097] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 . When the user selects the "field mode" through the control system, the hydraulic system operates to extend all the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units that make up the deformation structure to the fully extended state (as shown in Figure 1 ). As shown in Figure 2 , in this state, multiple hydraulic cylinder units are connected in series with each other through the hinge connection points 3a and 3b at their ends (for example, the inner cylinder connection point 3b of one unit is connected to the outer cylinder connection point 3a of the next unit), forming a long and straight boom skeleton with a large lateral span. At this time, the boom skeleton expands laterally and is located behind or on both sides of the sprayer. As shown in Figure 3 , the whole machine presents the form of a typical boom sprayer. During operation, the liquid medicine pump is started, and the liquid medicine enters the pipeline arranged along the boom skeleton through the liquid medicine inlet 4a, and finally is sprayed out by multiple nozzles 5 evenly distributed on the boom skeleton, realizing wide-width and uniform spraying of field crops. In this mode, the air-assisted system usually does not work.

[0098] Working mode 2: Orchard air-assisted spraying mode

[0099] Refer to Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 . When the user selects the "orchard mode", the control system controls the hydraulic system to retract all the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units to the fully retracted state (as shown in Figure 4 ). During or after retraction, using the pivoting function of the hinge connection points 3a and 3b, multiple hydraulic cylinder units are relatively folded or bent. As shown in Figure 5 (this figure shows the structure formed by the fully retracted hydraulic cylinders linked together), they finally link to form a polygon (such as a hexagon or an octagon) or an approximately annular spray frame structure, which surrounds the rear of the sprayer or the air outlet of the air-assisted system. A locking mechanism is provided to fix this frame structure in this form. As shown in Figure 6 , the whole machine switches to the form of an orchard air-assisted sprayer. During operation, the liquid medicine system works, and the liquid medicine enters the pipeline through the inlet 4a and is sprayed out by the nozzles 5 distributed on the polygonal spray frame. At the same time, the air-assisted system (fan, deflector, etc.) on the sprayer is started to generate a strong air flow, which passes through the polygonal spray frame area and strongly transports the liquid medicine droplets sprayed out by the nozzles into the interior of the fruit tree canopy, realizing penetrative spraying.

[0100] The switching between modes is automatically or semi-automatically completed by the control system, and the entire deformation process can be completed within a few minutes, with convenient operation.

[0101] Embodiment 2

[0102] This embodiment is a variant of Embodiment 1. The main differences from Embodiment 1 lie in the integration method of the liquid medicine pipeline and the nozzle configuration.

[0103] In this embodiment, the liquid medicine delivery pipeline is not completely external or only laid along the outer wall. Instead, it partially utilizes the hollow structure of a dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder. For example, within the annular gap between the outer cylinder 1a and the middle cylinder 1b, or between the middle cylinder 1b and the inner cylinder 1c of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder (sealing design is required), or a channel is reserved within the cylinder wall to convey the liquid medicine. The liquid medicine inlet 4a and the liquid medicine outlet 4b are connected to these internal channels. This design can better protect the liquid medicine pipeline, reduce the risk of external scratching and damage, and make the overall structure more concise.

[0104] In addition, in this embodiment, the nozzle 5 installed at the liquid medicine outlet 4b can be an intelligent nozzle or an adjustable-angle nozzle. In the field mode, the nozzles face downward for uniform spraying; after switching to the orchard mode to form a polygon frame, the spraying directions of these nozzles can be adjusted as needed (for example, some face inward, some face outward, and some face upward), or the nozzles at different positions on the frame can be selectively turned on through the control system to adapt to the fruit tree canopies of different sizes and shapes, achieving more precise targeted spraying.

[0105] Embodiment 3

[0106] This embodiment is another variant of Embodiment 1, with the main differences lying in the articulated connection points and deformation control.

[0107] In this embodiment, intelligent joints with power drives (such as small hydraulic motors or electric push rods) and angle sensors are adopted at the outer cylinder articulated connection point 3a and the inner cylinder articulated connection point 3b. During mode switching, in addition to the telescoping of the hydraulic cylinder itself, these intelligent joints can assist in precise angle control and folding and unfolding actions, making the deformation process smoother and more precise, and enabling the formation of more complex or more adaptable polygon frame configurations. The control system performs closed-loop control based on the angle information fed back by the sensors to ensure that the deformation is in place and reliably locked.

[0108] Furthermore, according to the operation requirements, not all hydraulic cylinders need to be fully extended or fully retracted. For example, in the field mode, the effective working width of the spray boom can be adjusted by only extending part of the stroke of the hydraulic cylinder; in the orchard mode, the size and shape of the polygon frame can be changed by contracting each hydraulic cylinder unit to different degrees and adjusting the joint angles to adapt to orchards with different row spacings or tree shapes.

[0109] The mechanical deformation structure of an orchard air-assisted and field boom dual-mode sprayer provided by the present invention, compared with the prior art, shows remarkable and multi-faceted beneficial effects in solving problems such as the single function of existing sprayers, limited applicable scenarios, high user costs, and complex management. These effects are not only reflected in the improvement of technical performance and the saving of economic costs, but also in the optimization of the operation process. Especially in realizing the unique correspondence between technical means and effects not revealed by the prior art and the synergistic effect among technical components, it has outstanding innovation. Specifically, the beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly reflected in the following aspects:

[0110] The core of the present invention lies in its unique mechanical deformation structure. By performing preset and simple mechanical deformation operations, such as folding, rotating, unfolding, or locking of specific components, it allows the same sprayer to complete a reliable switch between the air-assisted spray mode suitable for orchard operations and the boom spray mode suitable for field operations within a short period of time, such as within a few minutes, and vice versa. This fundamentally overcomes the technical barrier in the prior art that the functions of air-assisted sprayers and boom sprayers are fixed and cannot operate across scenarios. Users can flexibly use the same device to perform two completely different spray tasks according to the needs of the actual operation plot without replacing the whole machine midway, greatly improving the application range of the device and the flexibility of operation scheduling. This function of realizing fast cross-mode switching through a specific mechanical structure is not available in the prior art technical solutions of single-function sprayers and constitutes a key technical breakthrough of the present invention.

[0111] The present invention does not simply superimpose the two functions, but through elaborate structural design, ensures that an ideal spray effect close to that of a dedicated device can be achieved in each working mode. When switched to the orchard air-assisted mode, its air-assisted system can generate airflows with sufficient intensity to effectively assist the liquid medicine droplets in penetrating the dense canopies of fruit trees and other crops, achieving deep coverage of the target area; when switched to the field boom mode, its unfolded boom system can ensure a wide spray width and uniform droplet distribution, meeting the requirements of efficient and uniform pesticide application for field crops. This design of optimizing spray performance for different modes on a single platform ensures the quality of plant protection operations, which is incomparable to the simple function integration or single-mode devices in the prior art. The correspondence between this specific mechanical structure design and the optimized spray effect that can be achieved in both dual modes has not been reported in the prior art publications.

[0112] The technical key of the present invention lies in the creative design of a mechanical deformation mechanism, which can skillfully integrate and spatially integrate the components of the air-blast system and the boom system that originally had structural conflicts and independent functions, and realize the switching of the function modes of the two systems through reliable mechanical actions. This highly integrated design concept and the specific mechanical structure scheme for realizing this concept are major innovations to the traditional sprayer design concept. The prior art usually regards the two modes as independent technical routes and lacks the technical means to effectively integrate them on a single platform and achieve convenient conversion. The present invention realizes the integration of functions and the switching of modes through structural innovation, demonstrating significant technological progress and originality.

[0113] According to the prior art solution, users who need to carry out orchard and field plant protection operations simultaneously must purchase an air-blast sprayer and a boom sprayer separately, resulting in a huge initial investment. Taking the market as an example, if the price of an air-blast sprayer is 200,000 yuan and the price of a boom sprayer is 200,000 yuan, the total purchase cost is 400,000 yuan. The present invention provides a device with dual-mode functions, and its expected market price is 250,000 yuan, which can be significantly lower than 400,000 yuan, directly saving a considerable amount of equipment purchase costs for users. This significant cost advantage stems from the unique design concept of multi-purpose in one machine and the mechanical structure innovation achieved by the present invention, which is an economic benefit that the prior art cannot provide.

[0114] The present invention effectively reduces the total number of components to be maintained and the system complexity of the whole machine by sharing key platform components such as the basic frame, walking chassis, power unit, and part of the control system. Compared with maintaining two dedicated sprayers with completely independent structures, power, and control systems, maintaining a dual-mode device of the present invention undoubtedly reduces the frequency and difficulty of daily maintenance and fault repair, and also reduces the types and inventory of spare parts required. This optimization of maintenance costs brought about by component sharing and function integration reflects the system synergy in the design of the present invention and further reduces the long-term use costs of users.

[0115] The mechanical deformation structure design of the present invention focuses on the convenience of user operation. The mode conversion process is designed to be completed by only performing a few clear and simple steps, usually without the need to rely on special tools or possess profound professional skills, and ordinary agricultural machinery operators can quickly master and complete it independently. For example, the average time taken for the entire conversion process is controlled within a short period. Compared with the large amount of time and labor input required to replace the entire device or disassemble and assemble complex functional modules under the prior art conditions, it greatly improves the operation efficiency and reduces the auxiliary labor cost. This simplicity in operation is a direct beneficial effect brought about by the mechanical structure innovation of the present invention.

[0116] Using a dual-mode sprayer of the present invention to replace the original two dedicated devices greatly simplifies the equipment management work. Users only need to register, store, dispatch, formulate maintenance plans, and manage spare parts inventory for one device. Compared with the complex situation of managing two different devices simultaneously, the management efficiency is significantly improved, and the management difficulty and error probability are correspondingly reduced. This optimization in management stems from the high integration of device functions and is an important added value brought by the technical solution of the present invention.

[0117] In prior art documents and practices, the air-assisted and boom spray technologies are regarded as two independent technical paths, and there has never been a disclosure of a specific mechanical deformation structure to achieve rapid and reliable switching between these two vastly different spray modes on a single device. The present invention first proposes such a mechanical deformation structure as a technical means and clearly establishes a direct technical connection between this structure and achieving high flexibility, cross-scenario versatility, and optimized spray effects in the dual-mode of the device. For example, specific mechanical folding or rotating actions are not only the means to achieve mode conversion, but the design itself also ensures that each functional component can be in the best working position after conversion, ensuring the spray performance in the corresponding mode. This clear correspondence between the technical means and multiple beneficial effects is not foreseen and achieved in the prior art.

[0118] The mechanical deformation structure of the present invention enables the effective integration and collaborative work of the originally functionally independent components of the air-assisted system and the boom system on a shared platform, such as the frame and power system. This design is not only the basis for achieving multi-functional use of one machine, but also brings additional collaborative benefits. For example, a single power source can efficiently drive the fan of the air-assisted system or the liquid pump of the boom system as needed through a designed transmission switching mechanism, avoiding the energy loss, weight increase, and cost rise caused by configuring two independent power systems. This collaborative working relationship between functional components and between functional components and the shared platform achieved through structural innovation and the resulting improvement in comprehensive benefits are lacking in the prior art.

[0119] In summary, the mechanical deformation structure of a dual-mode sprayer for orchard air-assisted and field boom spraying proposed by the present invention, due to the originality of its structural design, has comprehensive and significant beneficial effects compared with the prior art in terms of improving device versatility and flexibility, optimizing spray effects in different scenarios, greatly reducing the purchase and maintenance costs of users, and simplifying the operation and management process. Particularly important is that the specific correspondence between the technical means and effects achieved by the present invention, as well as the synergistic effect among various technical elements, are all innovative points not disclosed or achieved in the prior art, effectively filling the technical gap in this field. The present invention provides an economical, efficient, and convenient mechanized solution for the agricultural plant protection field and has important practical value and broad market prospects.

[0120] For the various embodiments in this specification, the same or similar parts can be referred to each other. Each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. In particular, for the method embodiments described later, since they correspond to the system, the description is relatively simple. For the relevant parts, reference can be made to the corresponding parts of the system embodiments.

[0121] As described above, the above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the protection scope of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present application should be covered by the protection scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A dual-mode sprayer, characterized in that, It is used to switch operations between the orchard air-assisted spraying mode and the field boom spraying mode. The dual-mode sprayer includes: a main frame, a power system installed on the main frame, a hydraulic system and a control system for driving and controlling the mechanical deformation structure, a liquid medicine supply system for supplying liquid medicine, an air-assisted system for providing auxiliary air flow in the orchard air-assisted spraying mode, and a mechanical deformation structure; The mechanical deformation structure is installed on the main frame, and the control system is configured to: according to the received mode selection instruction, control the hydraulic system to drive the mechanical deformation structure to switch between the first configuration and the second configuration; Wherein, when the mechanical deformation structure is in the first configuration, it constitutes the boom skeleton for the field boom spraying mode; when the mechanical deformation structure is in the second configuration, it constitutes or supports the spray frame for the orchard air-assisted spraying mode and cooperates with the air-assisted system.

2. The dual-mode sprayer according to claim 1, wherein, The dual-mode sprayer further includes a liquid medicine conveying and spraying assembly integrated or installed on the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit or the overall deformable framework. The liquid medicine conveying and spraying assembly at least includes a liquid medicine inlet communicated with a liquid medicine supply source, a liquid medicine outlet, and at least one spray head arranged at the liquid medicine outlet.

3. The dual-mode sprayer according to claim 2, characterized in that, The liquid medicine inlet and the liquid medicine outlet are communicated through a liquid medicine pipeline arranged along the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit or the overall deformable framework.

4. The dual-mode sprayer according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control system is further configured to: when switching to the field boom spraying mode, deactivate the air-assisted system; when switching to the orchard air-assisted spraying mode, activate the air-assisted system.

5. The dual-mode sprayer according to claim 1, wherein, The dual-mode sprayer further includes a traveling chassis, and the main frame is installed on the traveling chassis.

6. A mechanical deformation structure of a sprayer, characterized in that, It includes a plurality of dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units. Each dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit includes at least two stages of relatively telescopic cylinders. At least two hinge connection points are provided on each dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit for realizing the connection between multiple dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units or the connection with other components of the sprayer; The plurality of dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units are connected to each other through the hinge connection points to form an overall deformable framework. The overall deformable framework can be switched between at least two main working configurations by controlling the telescopic state of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units and using the relative rotation at the hinge connection points; The at least two main working configurations include: a linear first configuration formed when the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units are in the extended state, which is used to constitute the boom skeleton in the boom spraying mode; and a polygonal or annular second configuration formed by folding or bending when the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units are in the contracted state, which is used to constitute or support the spray frame in the orchard air-assisted spraying mode.

7. The mechanical deformation structure of the sprayer according to claim 6, characterized in that, The dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder unit includes at least one dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder sleeved inside the outer cylinder of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder and one dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder inner cylinder sleeved inside the innermost dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder. The dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder can perform telescopic movement relative to the outer cylinder of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder, and the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder inner cylinder can perform telescopic movement relative to the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder middle cylinder directly sleeved thereon..

8. The mechanical deformation structure of the sprayer according to claim 7, characterized in that, The at least two articulated connection points include an outer cylinder articulated connection point provided on the outer cylinder of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder and an inner cylinder articulated connection point provided on the inner cylinder of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder.

9. The mechanical deformation structure of the sprayer according to claim 7, characterized in that, Each of the dedicated multi-stage hydraulic cylinder units is further provided with at least two hydraulic oil inlets respectively for controlling the extending and retracting actions.

10. The mechanical deformation structure of the sprayer according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that, The mechanical deformation structure further includes a locking mechanism, and the locking mechanism is used to stably lock the overall deformable frame in the first configuration or the second configuration state.

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