Feed composition for promoting oestrus of cows and preparation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides a feed composition for promoting oestrus of cows and a preparation method of the feed composition. Comprising the following raw materials in parts by mass: 150 to 200 parts of corn flour, 350 to 450 parts of soybean meal, 150 to 250 parts of wheat bran, 100 to 150 parts of flaxseed meal, 10 to 40 parts of a vitamin and mineral premix, 30 to 80 parts of a functional additive, 50 to 100 parts of an icariin nano-emulsion, 20 to 50 parts of composite plant polyphenol and 10 to 30 parts of a melatonin slow-release implant. The feed additive is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 5 to 10 parts of omega-3 fatty acid complexing agent, 5 to 10 parts of luteinizing hormone alpha, 20 to 25 parts of cloprostenol sodium, 10 to 20 parts of rumen bypass fat powder, 30 to 60 parts of xylooligosaccharide, 15 to 50 parts of yucca extract, 50 to 70 parts of pomegranate peel powder and 50 to 100 parts of motherwort superfine powder. By providing comprehensive nutrition support, regulating the reproductive system, optimizing metabolism, maintaining intestinal health and other mechanisms, the oestrus of the cows is promoted together, and the reproductive performance is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of animal feed. Background Art

[0002] In animal husbandry, promoting the estrus cycle of cows is one of the important means to improve reproductive efficiency and herd performance. Traditional feeding methods often rely on changes in the natural environment to affect the estrus of cows, which not only increases the difficulty of management but also may lead to unstable estrus cycles. Therefore, researchers have begun to seek feeds with scientific ratios to promote the estrus of cows. Although many existing feed formulations can promote the estrus of cows to a certain extent, they generally have problems such as unstable effects, high costs, or single nutritional components, which limit their application in actual production; To overcome these drawbacks, scientists have continuously explored new feed formulations. Especially in the field of nutrition, by scientifically combining a variety of feed raw materials, the nutritional components in the feed can be effectively improved, thereby promoting the estrus of cows more stably. Current research mainly focuses on specific nutritional elements, such as minerals, vitamins, or specific plant extracts, which are considered to be able to stimulate the hormone balance in cows and thus promote estrus. However, there is currently a lack of a comprehensive and effective feed composition in the market that can comprehensively meet different nutritional needs while maintaining cost-effectiveness; To solve the above technical problems, a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows and a preparation method thereof are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of this, the present invention provides a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows and a preparation method thereof to solve or alleviate the technical problems existing in the prior art and at least provide a beneficial alternative.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows: A feed composition for promoting estrus in cows is made from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 150 - 200 parts of corn flour, 350 - 450 parts of soybean meal, 150 - 250 parts of wheat bran, 100 - 150 parts of linseed meal, 10 - 40 parts of vitamin and mineral premix, 30 - 80 parts of functional additive, 50 - 100 parts of icariin nanoemulsion, 20 - 50 parts of composite plant polyphenols, 10 - 30 parts of melatonin sustained-release implant, 5 - 10 parts of ω-3 fatty acid complex, 5 - 10 parts of luteinizing hormone α, 20 - 25 parts of cloprostenol sodium, 10 - 20 parts of bypass fat powder, 30 - 60 parts of xylo-oligosaccharide, 15 - 50 parts of yucca schidigera extract, 50 - 70 parts of pomegranate peel powder, 50 - 100 parts of motherwort ultramicro powder.

[0005] Further preferably, the vitamin and mineral premix is made of vitamin A, vitamin E, sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, and calcium carbonate.

[0006] Further preferably, the functional additive is made of brewer's yeast, hawthorn extract, dodder powder, and β-carotene.

[0007] Further preferably, the composite plant polyphenol is made of red clover isoflavones, stachydrine of Leonurus japonicus, and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium-calcium alginate double-layer microcapsules.

[0008] Further preferably, the icariin nanoemulsion is prepared by CO2 supercritical extraction combined with molecular imprinting purification.

[0009] A preparation method of a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows includes the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment; S2. Raw material mixing; S3. Feed granulation; S4. Cooling and forming; S5. Finished product inspection.

[0010] Further preferably, in the S1, corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran, and linseed meal are crushed by a hammer mill, the composite plant polyphenol, xylo-oligosaccharide, yucca extract, pomegranate peel powder, and Leonurus japonicus ultrafine powder are dried at low temperature until the water content ≤ 12%, the linseed meal is processed by extrusion expansion to eliminate linamarin hydrolase, trace components such as melatonin sustained-release implant, ω-3 fatty acid complex, luteinizing hormone α, cloprostenol sodium, and bypass fat powder are premixed with rice husk powder as a carrier, and the icariin nanoemulsion is atomized and sprayed as a liquid additive.

[0011] Further preferably, in the S2, corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran, and linseed meal are mixed by a double-shaft paddle mixer for 25 min - 30 min, and other materials are added by the stepwise dilution method to ensure that the distribution uniformity CV ≤ 5%.

[0012] Further preferably, in the S3, granulation is carried out by a double-frequency conditioner and a ring die granulator, the granulation parameters are adjusted, the water addition amount is precisely controlled at 2.8% - 3.2%, and a ring die compression ratio of 1:8 is selected to ensure that the particle structure is loose and easy to digest.

[0013] Further preferably, in the S4, the feed composition is cooled by a countercurrent cooler, the cooling air volume is 120 m³ / (min·t) - 150 m³ / (min·t), the material layer thickness is 300 mm - 400 mm, and the discharge temperature ≤ room temperature + 5°C.

[0014] Due to the above technical solutions adopted in the embodiments of the present invention, it has the following advantages: The present invention provides corn flour as the main energy source to provide essential energy support; soybean meal is rich in protein and essential amino acids to promote the growth and development of cows; wheat bran increases the fiber content of the feed to promote the health of the digestive system; flaxseed meal is rich in unsaturated fatty acids to help improve the overall physical condition of cows; vitamin and mineral premix ensures the nutritional balance; functional additives further enhance the effect of the feed and improve its adaptability; icariin nanoemulsion improves the bioavailability through modern nanotechnology and effectively promotes the estrus of cows; composite plant polyphenols have natural antioxidant properties to enhance the immunity of cows; melatonin sustained-release implant regulates the reproductive cycle of cows; ω-3 fatty acid complex maintains the health of cell membranes and promotes the synthesis of hormones; luteinizing hormone α acts directly on the reproductive system of cows to stimulate estrus; cloprostenol sodium regulates ovarian function and optimizes the state of the reproductive system; bypass fat powder increases the energy density and protects the health of the rumen; xylooligosaccharide, as a prebiotic, promotes the growth of beneficial intestinal flora; yucca extract has natural deodorant and antibacterial properties to help maintain the health of cows; pomegranate peel powder provides additional antioxidant protection to further enhance the health of cows; motherwort ultrafine powder, as a traditional Chinese medicine, is used to condition the reproductive system of cows. Different components work together to promote the estrus of cows and improve the reproductive performance through various mechanisms such as providing comprehensive nutritional support, regulating the reproductive system, optimizing metabolism, and maintaining intestinal health.

[0015] The above summary is only for the purpose of the specification and is not intended to be limiting in any way. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features of the present invention will be readily apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative efforts.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a flowchart of a preparation method of a feed composition for promoting the estrus of cows according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0018] In the following text, only some exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the accompanying drawings and description are to be regarded as illustrative in nature and not restrictive.

[0019] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Embodiment

[0020] As Figure 1 shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows, which is made from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 150 parts of corn flour, serving as the basis of the energy source; 350 parts of soybean meal, providing rich protein and essential amino acids; 150 parts of wheat bran, used to increase the fiber content of the feed and promote digestion; 100 parts of linseed meal, rich in unsaturated fatty acids, helping to improve the physical condition of cows; 10 parts of vitamin and mineral premix, ensuring balanced nutrition; 30 parts of functional additive, aiming to enhance the functionality and adaptability of the feed; 50 parts of icariin nanoemulsion, improving the bioavailability through modern nanotechnology and effectively promoting estrus; 20 parts of compound plant polyphenols, with natural antioxidant properties and enhancing immunity; 10 parts of melatonin sustained-release implant, regulating the reproductive cycle; 5 parts of ω-3 fatty acid compound, maintaining the health of cell membranes and promoting hormone synthesis; 5 parts of luteinizing hormone α, acting directly on the reproductive system and stimulating estrus; 20 parts of cloprostenol sodium, regulating ovarian function; 10 parts of rumen-protected fat powder, increasing the energy density and protecting rumen health; 30 parts of xylo-oligosaccharide, serving as a prebiotic to promote the growth of beneficial intestinal flora; 15 parts of yucca schidigera extract, having natural deodorant and antibacterial properties; 50 parts of pomegranate peel powder, providing additional antioxidant protection; and 50 parts of Leonurus japonicus ultrafine powder, a traditional Chinese medicine for conditioning the reproductive system of cows.

[0021] In one embodiment, the vitamin and mineral premix is made from vitamin A, vitamin E, sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, and calcium carbonate.

[0022] In one embodiment, the functional additive is made from brewer's yeast, hawthorn extract, dodder powder, and β-carotene.

[0023] In one embodiment, the compound plant polyphenols are made from red clover isoflavones, stachydrine of Leonurus japonicus, and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium-calcium alginate double-layer microcapsules.

[0024] In one embodiment, the icariin nanoemulsion is prepared by CO2 supercritical extraction combined with molecular imprinting purification.

[0025] In one embodiment, icariin nanoemulsion is prepared with icariin as the main drug, medium-chain triglyceride and vitamin E acetate as the oil phase, the compound of polyoxyl hydrogenated castor oil and soybean lecithin as the emulsifier, and absolute ethanol as the co-emulsifier; Weigh 20 g of medium-chain triglyceride, add 3 g of icariin, stir and dissolve in a water bath at 60 °C, then add 2 g of vitamin E acetate, and stir magnetically for 30 min until clarified. The dissolution temperature is strictly controlled at 60 ± 2 °C, and the stirring speed is 800 rpm to avoid generating bubbles; Add 8 g of RH40 to 200 mL of ultrapure water, then add 2.7 g of soybean lecithin, disperse ultrasonically at 40 °C, add 5 mL of propylene glycol. The water quality requires a resistivity ≥ 18.2 MΩ·cm to avoid the influence of ions on emulsification. The ultrasonic time is 5 minutes each time, and intermittent cooling is carried out to prevent overheating; Slowly pour the oil phase into the water phase, and carry out high-speed shear emulsification for 5 minutes to form a coarse emulsion. The shear emulsification temperature ≤ 40 °C, and the particle size of the coarse emulsion is controlled at 500 - 800 nm; The coarse emulsion is passed through a 200-mesh sieve by high-pressure homogenization method, pre-homogenized at 300 bar for 3 cycles, and finally homogenized at 1200 bar for 5 cycles. After homogenization, the emulsion is ultrasonically treated by a probe-type ultrasonic wave at 20 kHz and a power of 600 W, with ultrasonic treatment for 5 seconds and a pause of 2 seconds, and the total duration is 8 minutes. The combined process makes the particle size ≤ 100 nm, and the Zeta potential is controlled at -30 mV to improve the physical stability.

[0026] A preparation method of a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows includes the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: Crush the main raw materials such as corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran and linseed meal to an appropriate particle size through a hammer mill to ensure uniform mixing in the subsequent process. At the same time, perform low-temperature drying treatment on compound plant polyphenols, xylo-oligosaccharides, yucca schidigera extract, pomegranate peel powder and motherwort ultrafine powder to ensure the long-term storage stability of the feed. Linseed meal is subjected to extrusion and puffing treatment to eliminate linamarin hydrolase and avoid adverse effects. Trace components such as melatonin sustained-release implants are premixed with rice husk powder as the carrier, and icariin nanoemulsion is atomized and sprayed as a liquid additive for uniform distribution; S2. Raw material mixing: Use a double-shaft paddle mixer to mix the pretreated main raw materials evenly to ensure that all components are evenly distributed; S3. Feed granulation: Through a double-frequency conditioner and a ring die granulator, produce feed pellets with a loose structure and easy digestibility; S4. Cooling and forming: Use a countercurrent cooler to control the cooling air volume and the thickness of the material layer to ensure that the feed temperature drops rapidly and the particle shape is kept stable; S5. Finished product inspection: Conduct near-infrared rapid detection of the nutritional indexes of crude protein and metabolic energy, and conduct hygiene index detection of Salmonella.

[0027] In one embodiment, in S1, corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran and linseed meal are crushed by a hammer mill, compound plant polyphenols, xylooligosaccharides, yucca schidigera extract, pomegranate peel powder and motherwort ultrafine powder are dried at low temperature until the water content ≤ 12%, linseed meal is subjected to extrusion and puffing treatment to eliminate linamarin hydrolase, trace components such as melatonin sustained-release implants, ω-3 fatty acid compound agents, luteinizing hormone α, sodium cloprostenol and bypass fat powder are premixed with rice husk powder as a carrier, and icariin nanoemulsion is atomized and sprayed as a liquid additive.

[0028] In one embodiment, in S2, corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran and linseed meal are mixed by a double-shaft paddle mixer for 30 minutes, and other materials are added by the step-by-step dilution method to ensure that the distribution uniformity CV ≤ 5%.

[0029] In one embodiment, in S3, granulation is carried out by a double-frequency conditioner and a ring die granulator, the granulation parameters are adjusted, the water addition amount is precisely controlled at 2.8% - 3.2%, and a ring die compression ratio of 1:8 is selected to ensure that the particle structure is loose and easy to digest.

[0030] In one embodiment, in S4, a countercurrent cooler is used to cool the feed composition, the cooling air volume is 120 m³ / (min·t) - 150 m³ / (min·t), the material layer thickness is 300 mm - 400 mm, and the discharge temperature ≤ room temperature + 5°C. Example

[0031] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows, which is made of the following raw materials in parts by mass: 180 parts of corn flour as the energy source basis; 420 parts of soybean meal providing rich protein and essential amino acids; 200 parts of wheat bran for increasing the feed fiber content and promoting digestion; 150 parts of linseed meal rich in unsaturated fatty acids and helpful for improving the constitution of cows; 30 parts of vitamin and mineral premix to ensure nutritional balance; 50 parts of functional additives to enhance the functionality and adaptability of the feed; 70 parts of icariin nanoemulsion effectively promoting estrus; 40 parts of compound plant polyphenols enhancing immunity; 25 parts of melatonin sustained-release implants regulating the reproductive cycle; 10 parts of ω-3 fatty acid compound agents maintaining cell membrane health and promoting hormone synthesis; 10 parts of luteinizing hormone α directly acting on the reproductive system and stimulating estrus; 22 parts of sodium cloprostenol regulating ovarian function; 15 parts of bypass fat powder increasing the energy density and protecting rumen health; 50 parts of xylooligosaccharides as prebiotics to promote the growth of beneficial intestinal flora; 30 parts of yucca schidigera extract with natural deodorant and antibacterial properties; 70 parts of pomegranate peel powder inhibiting PGF2α synthesis and maintaining corpus luteum; 80 parts of motherwort ultrafine powder enhancing the contractility of uterine smooth muscle.

[0032] In one embodiment, the vitamin and mineral premix is made from vitamin A, vitamin E, sodium selenite, zinc sulfate, and calcium carbonate.

[0033] In one embodiment, the functional additive is made from brewer's yeast, hawthorn extract, dodder powder, and β-carotene.

[0034] In one embodiment, the compound plant polyphenol is made from red clover isoflavone, stachydrine of motherwort, and sodium carboxymethylcellulose-calcium alginate double-layer microcapsules.

[0035] In one embodiment, icariin nanoemulsion is prepared by CO2 supercritical extraction combined with molecular imprinting purification.

[0036] In one embodiment, icariin nanoemulsion is made with icariin as the main drug, medium-chain triglycerides and vitamin E acetate as the oil phase, a compound of polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil and soybean lecithin as the emulsifier, and absolute ethanol as the co-emulsifier; Weigh 30 g of medium-chain triglycerides and add 4.5 g of icariin, stir and dissolve in a 60°C water bath, then add 3 g of vitamin E acetate, stir magnetically for 40 min until clear, strictly control the dissolution temperature at 60 ± 2°C, and the stirring speed at 800 rpm to avoid generating bubbles; Add 8 g of RH40 to 200 mL of ultrapure water, then add 2.7 g of soybean lecithin, disperse ultrasonically at 40°C, add 5 mL of propylene glycol, the water quality requires a resistivity ≥ 18.2 MΩ·cm to avoid the influence of ions on emulsification, the ultrasonic time is 5 minutes per time, and cool intermittently to prevent overheating; Slowly pour the oil phase into the water phase, emulsify by high-speed shearing, and continue for 5 minutes to form a coarse emulsion. The shearing emulsification temperature ≤ 40°C, and the particle size of the coarse emulsion is controlled at 500 - 800 nm; Use the high-pressure homogenization method to pass the coarse emulsion through a 200-mesh sieve, pre-homogenize at 300 bar for 3 cycles, and finally homogenize at 1200 bar for 5 cycles. After homogenization, the emulsion is ultrasonically treated with a probe-type ultrasonic wave at 20 kHz and a power of 600 W, ultrasonic for 5 seconds and stop for 2 seconds, with a total duration of 8 minutes. The combined process makes the particle size ≤ 100 nm and the Zeta potential is controlled at -30 mV to improve physical stability.

[0037] A method for preparing a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows, comprising the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: Corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran, and linseed meal are crushed by a hammer mill. Compound plant polyphenols, xylo-oligosaccharides, yucca schidigera extract, pomegranate peel powder, and motherwort ultrafine powder are dried at low temperature until the water content is ≤12%. Linseed meal is processed by extrusion and puffing to eliminate linatin hydrolase. Trace components such as melatonin sustained-release implants, ω-3 fatty acid compound agents, luteinizing hormone α, sodium cloprostenol, and rumen-protected fat powder are premixed with rice husk powder as a carrier, and icariin nanoemulsion is atomized and sprayed as a liquid additive. S2. Raw material mixing: Corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran, and linseed meal are mixed by a double-shaft paddle mixer for 30 minutes. Other materials are added using the stepwise dilution method to ensure that the distribution uniformity CV ≤ 5%. S3. Feed granulation: Granulation is carried out using a double-frequency conditioner and a ring die granulator. The granulation parameters are adjusted, and the water addition amount is precisely controlled at 2.8% - 3.2%. A ring die compression ratio of 1:8 is selected to ensure that the particle structure is loose and easy to digest. S4. Cooling and forming: The feed composition is cooled using a countercurrent cooler. The cooling air volume is 120 m³ / (min·t) - 150 m³ / (min·t), the material layer thickness is 300 mm - 400 mm, and the discharge temperature ≤ room temperature + 5°C. S5. Finished product inspection: Near-infrared rapid detection is carried out for the nutritional indicators of crude protein and metabolizable energy, and the hygienic indicator of Salmonella is detected. Example

[0038] The embodiment of the present invention also provides a feed composition for promoting estrus in female cows, which consists of soybean meal providing degradable protein, corn DDGS providing rumen-protected protein, whole linseed, sugarcane molasses promoting fermentation and particle bonding, calcium hydrogen phosphate promoting calcium and phosphorus balance, rumen-protected fat powder enhancing energy density, vitamin premix containing trace elements such as VE and VD3, mineral premix containing minerals such as selenium, zinc, and copper, sodium chloride maintaining electrolyte balance, yeast culture improving rumen microecology, phytoestrogen complex, fatty acid balance additive, trace element fortifier, fermentation additive, herb extract combination, and rumen-protected amino acid composition.

[0039] In one embodiment, the phytoestrogen complex consists of linseed cake regulating the ERβ receptor and promoting follicle recruitment, alfalfa meal powder inhibiting 5α-reductase and reducing androgens, red clover extract simulating the action of FSH and prolonging the luteal phase, and pomegranate peel powder inhibiting PGF2α synthesis and maintaining the corpus luteum, and rumen-protected amino acid composition. After adding phytoestrogens for a control test, the estrus manifestation rate increased by 41% (63% in the control group and 89% in the test group), and the peak plasma estradiol level reached 18.7 pg / mL (12.3 pg / mL in the control group). It is applicable to the induction of puberty in replacement heifers and cows with ovarian quiescence within 60 days after parturition.

[0040] In one embodiment, the fatty acid balance additive consists of calcium salts of protected palmitic acid that enhances the synthesis of progesterone precursors, algal powder that improves the fluidity of oocyte cell membranes, linseed oil that synthesizes PGE1 to promote uterine contractions, and conjugated linoleic acid that inhibits the secretion of adipocyte leptin. After adding the fatty acid balance additive, the n-6 / n-3 ratio in follicular fluid was optimized to 3:1 (5:1 in the conventional diet), and the accuracy rate of dominant follicle selection increased to 92% (78% in the conventional group). It is applicable to over-fat cows with a body condition score BCS > 4.0 and cows during the heat stress period.

[0041] In one embodiment, the trace element fortifier consists of methionine selenium that enhances the activity of glutathione peroxidase, glycine copper chelate that promotes the pulse frequency of LH release, chromium picolinate that improves insulin sensitivity, and iodinated casein that regulates the balance of thyroid hormones. After adding the trace element fortifier for a control test, the time to the first ovulation after parturition was shortened to 29.3 days (42.5 days in the control group), and the serum progesterone concentration reached 4.8 ng / mL (the ovulation confirmation threshold) 5 days earlier. It is applicable to the perinatal period from 21 days before parturition to 30 days after parturition.

[0042] In one embodiment, the fermentation additive consists of Clostridium butyricum that produces butyric acid to repair the endometrium, β-glucosidase that releases phyto-conjugated estrogens, GABA-producing bacteria that inhibit the secretion of stress-induced GnRH inhibition, and bacterial quorum-sensing molecules that synchronize follicular wave development. After adding the fermentation additive, the estrus synchronization rate increased to 87% (75% in the synchronization treatment group), and the uterine involution time was shortened to 34 days (48 days in the conventional group). When used, it needs to be combined with a diet with a starch content ≥ 28% to activate the flora.

[0043] In one embodiment, the herbal extract combination consists of ultrafine powder of Leonurus japonicus that enhances the contractility of uterine smooth muscle, ethanol extract of Cuscuta chinensis that promotes the proliferation of granulosa cells, Angelica polysaccharide that improves ovarian microcirculation, and icariin that upregulates the expression of FSH receptors. After adding the herbal extract combination, the blood flow velocity of the ovarian artery increased to 35 cm / s (26 cm / s in the conventional group), and the incidence of persistent corpus luteum decreased to 7% (21% in the control group). When used, it needs to be separated from antibiotics by 4 hours.

[0044] In one embodiment, the rumen-protected amino acids are composed of lysine that enhances the synthesis efficiency of IGF-1, methionine that promotes the maturation and division of oocytes, arginine that enhances the secretory function of uterine glands, and tryptophan that regulates serotonin to improve estrus behavior; A control experiment was conducted by adding rumen-protected amino acids. The essential amino acid index of follicular fluid reached 0.82 (0.69 in the control group), and the embryo implantation rate increased to 73% (58% in the control group). It is applicable to high-yield dairy cows (annual milk production > 10 tons) and first-calving cows.

[0045] A preparation method of a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows comprises the following steps: S1. Raw material pretreatment: extruding soybean meal, adsorbing mycotoxins from corn DDGS by pretreatment, processing flaxseed by cold pressing, sterilizing molasses at high temperature, nano-grinding dicalcium phosphate, double-layer coating of rumen-protected fat powder with hydrogenated palm oil, microencapsulating vitamin premix, organically chelating mineral premix, and iodizing sodium chloride; S2. Segmented mixing: first, conducting primary mixing of bulk raw materials, and then adding premixes by the stepwise dilution method for trace addition; S3. Post-treatment process: with a steam pressure of 0.35 MPa, maintaining the conditioning temperature at 85 °C for 20 seconds for pellet conditioning, immediately drying in a fluidized bed at 45 °C after ring die pelleting, with a moisture content ≤ 12.5%; S4. Finished product inspection: conducting nutritional index detection and hygienic index detection. Example

[0046] A feed composition for promoting estrus in cows, which is made from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 175 parts of corn flour, serving as the basis of the energy source; 425 parts of soybean meal, providing rich protein and essential amino acids; 170 parts of wheat bran, used to increase the fiber content of the feed and promote digestion; 120 parts of linseed meal, rich in unsaturated fatty acids, which helps to improve the physical condition of cows; 25 parts of vitamin and mineral premix, ensuring balanced nutrition; 55 parts of functional additives, aiming to enhance the functionality and adaptability of the feed; 85 parts of icariin nanoemulsion, improving the bioavailability through modern nanotechnology and effectively promoting estrus; 45 parts of compound plant polyphenols, with natural antioxidant properties and enhancing immunity; 12 parts of melatonin sustained-release implant, regulating the reproductive cycle; 8 parts of ω-3 fatty acid complex, maintaining the health of cell membranes and promoting hormone synthesis; 8 parts of luteinizing hormone α, directly acting on the reproductive system and stimulating estrus; 21 parts of cloprostenol sodium, regulating ovarian function; 13 parts of rumen-protected fat powder, increasing the energy density and protecting the health of the rumen; 60 parts of xylo-oligosaccharide, serving as a prebiotic to promote the growth of beneficial intestinal flora; 40 parts of yucca extract, having natural deodorant and antibacterial properties; 65 parts of pomegranate peel powder, providing additional antioxidant protection; 85 parts of Leonurus japonicus ultrafine powder, a traditional Chinese medicine for conditioning the reproductive system of cows.

[0047] In one embodiment, the vitamin and mineral premix is made from vitamin A, vitamin E, sodium selenite, zinc sulfate and calcium carbonate.

[0048] In one embodiment, the functional additives are made from brewer's yeast, hawthorn extract, dodder powder and β-carotene.

[0049] In one embodiment, the compound plant polyphenols are made from red clover isoflavones, stachydrine of Leonurus japonicus, and carboxymethyl cellulose sodium-calcium alginate double-layer microcapsules.

[0050] In one embodiment, the icariin nanoemulsion is prepared by combining CO2 supercritical extraction with molecular imprinting purification.

[0051] In one embodiment, the icariin nanoemulsion is made with icariin as the main drug, medium-chain triglycerides and vitamin E acetate as the oil phase, a compound of polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil and soybean lecithin as the emulsifier, and absolute ethanol as the co-emulsifier.

[0052] A preparation method of a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows, comprising the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of raw materials: The main raw materials such as corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran and linseed meal are crushed to an appropriate particle size by a hammer mill to ensure uniform mixing in the subsequent process. At the same time, the compound plant polyphenols, xylooligosaccharides, yucca schidigera extract, pomegranate peel powder and motherwort ultrafine powder are subjected to low-temperature drying treatment to ensure the long-term storage stability of the feed. The linseed meal is subjected to extrusion and puffing treatment to eliminate linamarin hydrolase and avoid adverse effects. Trace components such as melatonin sustained-release implants are premixed using rice husk powder as a carrier, and the icariin nanoemulsion is atomized and sprayed as a liquid additive for uniform distribution. S2. Mixing of raw materials: Use a double-shaft paddle mixer to mix the pretreated main raw materials evenly to ensure that all components are evenly distributed. S3. Feed granulation: Through a double-frequency conditioner and a ring die granulator, feed pellets with a loose structure and easy digestibility are produced. S4. Cooling and shaping: Use a countercurrent cooler to control the cooling air volume and the thickness of the material layer to ensure that the feed temperature drops rapidly and the pellet shape is stable. S5. Finished product inspection: Conduct near-infrared rapid detection of the nutritional indicators of crude protein and metabolic energy, and conduct the hygiene index detection of Salmonella.

[0053] When the present invention is in operation: The main raw materials such as corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran and linseed meal are crushed to an appropriate particle size by a hammer mill to ensure uniform mixing in the subsequent process. At the same time, the compound plant polyphenols, xylooligosaccharides, yucca schidigera extract, pomegranate peel powder and motherwort ultrafine powder are subjected to low-temperature drying treatment to ensure the long-term storage stability of the feed. The linseed meal is subjected to extrusion and puffing treatment to eliminate linamarin hydrolase and avoid adverse effects. Trace components such as melatonin sustained-release implants are premixed using rice husk powder as a carrier, and the icariin nanoemulsion is atomized and sprayed as a liquid additive for uniform distribution. Use a double-shaft paddle mixer to mix the pretreated main raw materials evenly to ensure that all components are evenly distributed. Through a double-frequency conditioner and a ring die granulator, feed pellets with a loose structure and easy digestibility are produced. Use a countercurrent cooler to control the cooling air volume and the thickness of the material layer to ensure that the feed temperature drops rapidly and the pellet shape is stable. Conduct near-infrared rapid detection of the nutritional indicators of crude protein and metabolic energy, and conduct the hygiene index detection of Salmonella.

[0054] The above is only the specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention can easily think of various changes or substitutions, and these should all be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A feed composition for promoting estrus in cows, characterized in that, It is made from the following raw materials in parts by mass: 150 - 200 parts of corn flour, 350 - 450 parts of soybean meal, 150 - 250 parts of wheat bran, 100 - 150 parts of linseed meal, 10 - 40 parts of vitamin and mineral premix, 30 - 80 parts of functional additive, 50 - 100 parts of icariin nanoemulsion, 20 - 50 parts of compound plant polyphenols, 10 - 30 parts of melatonin sustained-release implant, 5 - 10 parts of ω-3 fatty acid complex, 5 - 10 parts of luteinizing hormone α, 20 - 25 parts of sodium cloprostenol, 10 - 20 parts of bypass fat powder, 30 - 60 parts of xylo-oligosaccharide, 15 - 50 parts of yucca schidigera extract, 50 - 70 parts of pomegranate peel powder, 50 - 100 parts of motherwort ultramicro powder.

2. The feed composition for promoting estrus of female cows according to claim 1, wherein: The vitamin and mineral premix is made from vitamin A, vitamin E, sodium selenite, zinc sulfate and calcium carbonate.

3. The feed composition for promoting estrus of cows according to claim 1, characterized in that: The functional additive is made from brewer's yeast, hawthorn extract, dodder powder and β-carotene.

4. A feed composition for promoting estrus in cows according to claim 1, wherein: The compound plant polyphenols are made from red clover isoflavones, stachydrine of motherwort, carboxymethyl cellulose sodium-alginate calcium double-layer microcapsules.

5. The feed composition for promoting estrus of cows according to claim 1, wherein: The icariin nanoemulsion is prepared by CO2 supercritical extraction combined with molecular imprinting purification.

6. A preparation method of a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Pretreatment of raw materials; S2. Mixing of raw materials; S3. Feed granulation; S4. Cooling and forming; S5. Final product inspection.

7. The preparation method of a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S1, the corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran and linseed meal are crushed by a hammer mill, the compound plant polyphenols, xylo-oligosaccharide, yucca schidigera extract, pomegranate peel powder and motherwort ultramicro powder are dried at low temperature until the water content ≤ 12%, the linseed meal is treated by extrusion expansion to eliminate linatin hydrolase, trace components such as melatonin sustained-release implant, ω-3 fatty acid complex, luteinizing hormone α, sodium cloprostenol and bypass fat powder are premixed with rice husk powder as a carrier, and the icariin nanoemulsion is atomized and sprayed as a liquid additive.

8. The preparation method of a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S2, the corn flour, soybean meal, wheat bran and linseed meal are mixed by a double-shaft paddle mixer for 25 - 30 minutes, and other materials are added by the step-by-step dilution method to ensure that the distribution uniformity CV ≤ 5%.

9. The preparation method of a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S3, granulation is carried out by a double-frequency conditioner and a ring die granulator, the granulation parameters are adjusted, the water addition amount is accurately controlled at 2.8% - 3.2%, and a ring die compression ratio of 1:8 is selected to ensure that the particle structure is loose and easy to digest.

10. The preparation method of a feed composition for promoting estrus in cows according to claim 6, characterized in that: In S4, the feed composition is cooled by a countercurrent cooler, the cooling air volume is 120 m³ / (min·t) - 150 m³ / (min·t), the material layer thickness is 300 mm - 400 mm, and the discharge temperature ≤ room temperature + 5°C.

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