Diabetes shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and pressure reducing functions

Abstract

The invention discloses a diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and pressure reducing functions, and belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, the diabetic shoe system comprises an intelligent insole assembly and a sole pressure reducing assembly, the intelligent insole assembly comprises a pressure sensor, a microcontroller and a wireless communication module, the pressure sensor is electrically connected with the microcontroller, and the wireless communication module is electrically connected with the microcontroller. The pressure sensor is used for collecting pressure and distribution conditions of each part of the sole; the microcontroller is electrically connected with the wireless communication module and is used for processing data acquired by the pressure sensor; the wireless communication module is used for carrying out data transmission with terminal equipment; the sole pressure reduction assembly comprises an inflatable airbag module and a hydraulic buffer module, the inflatable airbag module and the hydraulic buffer module are electrically connected to the microcontroller, the inflatable airbag module is used for reducing the pressure of a specific high-pressure area of the sole, and the hydraulic buffer module is used for absorbing and dispersing the pressure of the sole through flowing and damping characteristics of liquid. According to the scheme, self-adaptive adjustment of plantar pressure is achieved through the inflatable airbag module and the hydraulic buffer module.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression functions. Background Art

[0002] Diabetes is a common chronic disease, and one of its complications is diabetic foot. Due to the long-term hyperglycemic state, diabetic patients will suffer from foot neuropathy and angiopathy, resulting in reduced foot sensation and poor blood circulation, thus increasing the risk of foot injury. Abnormal plantar pressure is one of the important risk factors for the occurrence and development of diabetic foot. When the plantar pressure distribution is uneven, the areas with too high local pressure are prone to problems such as ulcers and infections, and in severe cases, even amputation may occur. Therefore, for diabetic patients, it is crucial to monitor plantar pressure in real time and take effective decompression measures.

[0003] Chinese Patent, Publication No.: CN108308779A, Publication Date: July 24, 2018, discloses a diabetic shoe system for plantar pressure monitoring and decompression of diabetic patients, including a diabetic shoe body, a decompression insole, a foot pressure monitoring module and a smart terminal. Among them, the foot pressure monitoring module includes a pressure monitoring insole, a flexible stretchable wire and a data acquisition unit. The shoe body is provided with a sole, and the sole is provided with a groove for accommodating the data acquisition unit; the decompression insole is divided into an upper layer and a lower layer, and the lower layer is engraved with a honeycomb mesh penetrating the surface layer. The honeycomb mesh includes a number of detachable plug-shaped modules, and each plug-shaped module is intertwined with its adjacent plug-shaped modules. The honeycomb mesh is pasted on the upper layer of the decompression insole. The upper layer of the pressure monitoring insole is provided with a number of hole cavities for accommodating a plurality of pressure sensors, the lower layer of the pressure monitoring insole is provided with a flexible circuit board, and a plurality of pressure sensors are bonded to the flexible circuit board. The flexible circuit board is attached to the upper layer of the pressure monitoring insole, and the pressure sensors are encapsulated and fixed in the pressure monitoring insole; the data acquisition unit includes a data acquisition component, an ADC module and a wireless transmission component. The data acquisition component is connected to the pressure monitoring insole through the ADC module and the flexible stretchable wire; the data acquisition component is connected to the smart terminal through the wireless transmission component. It can be seen from this that the above solution mainly relies on the plug-shaped modules of the honeycomb mesh structure for decompression, and the decompression mode is relatively fixed. During the wearing process of the patient, it is impossible to dynamically adjust according to the real-time change of plantar pressure. For example, when the patient changes from a standing state to a walking or running state, the plantar pressure distribution will change significantly, but this insole cannot automatically adapt to this change to optimize the decompression effect, which may cause the areas with too high local pressure to still bear a large pressure, increasing the incidence risk of diabetic foot. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to solve the problem in the prior art that diabetic shoes cannot perform dynamic pressure adjustment according to the real-time changes in plantar pressure, and to provide a diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression functions. The system collects plantar pressure data through precise pressure sensors, processes the data through a microcontroller, and controls the inflation airbag module and the hydraulic buffer module to work for decompression according to the comparison of pressure in different regions with corresponding thresholds. Moreover, it adjusts in real time by continuously receiving feedback data, so as to dynamically adjust according to the real-time changes in plantar pressure and reduce the risk of diabetic foot complications.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression functions, including an intelligent insole assembly and a sole decompression assembly. The intelligent insole assembly includes a pressure sensor, a microcontroller and a wireless communication module. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the microcontroller and is used to collect the pressure magnitude and distribution of each part of the plantar surface. The microcontroller is electrically connected to the wireless communication module and is used to process the data collected by the pressure sensor. The wireless communication module is used for data transmission with a terminal device. The sole decompression assembly includes an inflation airbag module and a hydraulic buffer module. The inflation airbag module and the hydraulic buffer module are respectively electrically connected to the microcontroller. The inflation airbag module is used to reduce the pressure in specific high-pressure areas of the plantar surface, and the hydraulic buffer module is used to absorb and disperse the plantar pressure through the flow and damping characteristics of the liquid.

[0006] Further, the microcontroller includes a communication interface, an analog signal input pin, a first digital output pin and a second digital output pin. The communication interface is electrically connected to the wireless communication component. The analog signal input pin is electrically connected to the pressure sensor. The first digital output pin is electrically connected to the inflation airbag module. The second digital output pin is electrically connected to the hydraulic buffer module.

[0007] Further, the microcontroller further includes an analog-to-digital conversion unit. The microcontroller receives the analog signal of the plantar pressure data sent by the pressure sensor through the analog signal input pin, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog signal through the analog-to-digital conversion unit.

[0008] Further, the inflation airbag system includes an air pump. The air pump is provided with a drive circuit, an air inlet and an air outlet. The drive circuit of the air pump is electrically connected to the first digital output pin of the microcontroller. The air inlet communicates with an external air source or a self-built air storage device. The air outlet is connected to an inflatable airbag on the sole through a trachea.

[0009] Further, when the microcontroller determines that the pressure in the preset area is greater than the first pressure threshold based on the plantar pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor, the microcontroller outputs a corresponding first control signal to the drive circuit, and drives the air pump to work through the control signal to inflate the inflatable airbag, so that the inflatable airbag expands to relieve the plantar pressure. After the plantar pressure drops to the preset range, the microcontroller outputs a second signal to stop the air pump from working.

[0010] Further, the hydraulic buffer module includes a control valve and a valve drive circuit. The valve drive circuit is electrically connected to the second digital output pin of the microcontroller. When the microcontroller determines that the pressure in the preset area is greater than the second pressure threshold based on the plantar pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor, the microcontroller outputs a corresponding second control signal to the valve drive circuit to open the control valve, and the internal hydraulic system of the hydraulic buffer module works to reduce the plantar pressure.

[0011] Further, the first preset area includes the heel and the inner side of the sole, the second preset area includes the outer side of the sole and the bottom of the toes, and the first pressure threshold is greater than the second pressure threshold.

[0012] Further, the system further includes a power supply component for supplying power to the pressure sensor, the microcontroller, the wireless communication module, the inflatable airbag module, and the hydraulic buffer module.

[0013] Further, the microcontroller includes a single-chip microcomputer, a DSP, and an FPGA.

[0014] Further, the terminal device includes a mobile phone and a computer.

[0015] Advantages of the present invention: Through the electrical connection between the pressure sensor and the microcontroller, the pressure magnitude and distribution of each part of the sole can be collected in real time and accurately, enabling the system to quickly obtain detailed information on the plantar pressure of the patient, providing an accurate data basis for subsequent decompression measures, and helping medical staff and patients to timely understand the foot stress state, so as to take targeted protective and treatment measures. The inflatable airbag module and the hydraulic buffer module are respectively electrically connected to the microcontroller to achieve the function of dynamic pressure adjustment. When the pressure sensor detects that the pressure in a specific area of the sole is too high, the microcontroller can quickly control the inflatable airbag module to inflate the high-pressure area, thereby reducing the pressure in this area; at the same time, the hydraulic buffer module uses the flow and damping characteristics of the liquid to continuously absorb and disperse the plantar pressure, effectively avoiding local pressure concentration. Whether the patient is in a state of static standing, slow walking or rapid movement, the system can automatically adjust the decompression strategy according to the real-time change of the plantar pressure, greatly reducing the risk of complications such as diabetic foot ulcers caused by abnormal pressure. The wireless communication module transmits data to the terminal device, facilitating patients and medical staff to view the plantar pressure data at any time. Medical staff can remotely monitor and analyze the plantar pressure of patients and timely adjust the treatment plan; patients can also intuitively understand the pressure condition of their own feet, enhance their self-management awareness, improve the prevention and control effect of diabetic foot, make the use of the diabetic shoe system more convenient and efficient, and help improve the overall treatment compliance and quality of life of diabetic patients.

[0016] The above-mentioned invention content is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to be able to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention, it can be implemented according to the content of the specification. And in order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the following specifically illustrates the specific embodiments of the present invention. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0017] By reading the detailed description of the non-restrictive embodiments with reference to the following drawings, other features, purposes and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious. The drawings are only for the purpose of showing the preferred embodiments and are not considered to be a limitation of the present invention. Moreover, throughout the drawings, the same reference numerals are used to represent the same components.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of a diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression functions disclosed in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Embodiment

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only the best embodiments of the present invention, which are only used to explain the present invention and do not limit the protection scope of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] Before discussing the exemplary embodiments in more detail, it should be noted that some exemplary embodiments are described as processes or methods depicted as flowcharts. Although the flowcharts describe the operations (or steps) as sequential processes, many of the operations (or steps) can be implemented in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the operations can be rearranged. The process can be terminated when its operations are completed, but it can also have additional steps not included in the drawings; the process can correspond to a method, function, procedure, subroutine, subprogram, etc.

[0021] Embodiment: According to the first aspect of this embodiment, a diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression functions is provided, as Figure 1 shown, which includes an intelligent insole assembly 10 and a sole decompression assembly 20. The intelligent insole assembly 1 includes a pressure sensor 11, a microcontroller 12, and a wireless communication module 13. The pressure sensor 11 is electrically connected to the microcontroller 12 and is used to collect the pressure magnitude and distribution of various parts of the plantar surface; the microcontroller 12 is electrically connected to the wireless communication module 13 and is used to process the data collected by the pressure sensor 11; the wireless communication module 13 is used for data transmission with the terminal device 30; the sole decompression assembly 20 includes an inflatable airbag module 21 and a hydraulic buffer module 22. The inflatable airbag module 21 and the hydraulic buffer module 22 are respectively electrically connected to the microcontroller 12. The inflatable airbag module 21 is used to relieve the pressure on specific high-pressure areas of the plantar surface, and the hydraulic buffer module 22 is used to absorb and disperse the plantar pressure through the flow and damping characteristics of the liquid.

[0022] In the above embodiments, by arranging the pressure sensors 11 in the intelligent insole assembly 10 at various parts of the sole, the pressure sensors 11, with high sensitivity, can capture the magnitude and distribution of the sole pressure in real time and accurately. Whether it is daily walking, standing, or dynamic pressure changes in other activity states, they are all under control. The microcontroller 12 converts the analog signals transmitted by the pressure sensors 11 into digital signals and processes them through built-in algorithms, and can calculate important parameters such as pressure peaks, pressure center positions, and pressure ratios in each area. Subsequently, the processed data is stably transmitted to the terminal device 30 through the wireless communication module 13, and can be presented in the form of visual charts, pressure cloud maps, etc., enabling patients and medical staff to intuitively understand the foot pressure conditions and timely discover potential health hazards such as excessive local pressure and uneven pressure distribution. The inflatable airbag module 21 in the sole decompression assembly 20 targets high-pressure areas on the sole where pressure is likely to concentrate, such as the heel and the front sole. Under the intelligent control of the microcontroller 12, it can accurately control the inflation volume and inflation pressure according to the actual pressure conditions, realizing personalized decompression adjustment, effectively relieving the compression on the foot caused by local high pressure, and reducing the risk of complications such as diabetic foot ulcers. The hydraulic buffer module 22 plays a unique role in parts such as the outer side of the sole and under the toes. Utilizing the flow and damping characteristics of the liquid, it absorbs and disperses the sole pressure, complements the inflatable airbag module 21, and constructs an all-round decompression system. It can not only buffer the impact force from the ground during walking, but also make the sole pressure distribution more uniform and reasonable, greatly improving the comfort and stability of the patient when walking. With the help of the wireless communication module 13, patients and medical staff can remotely view the sole pressure data at any time and place, and medical staff can remotely track and guide without the patient having to frequently go to the hospital. At the same time, the terminal device 30 records and stores the historical data, facilitating the analysis of the change trend of foot health and helping to adjust the nursing plan and decompression parameters accordingly. Through reasonable electrical connections and the coordinated cooperation of the microcontroller 12 among the components, the stability of the system in a complex environment is ensured, and the accuracy of pressure monitoring and the timeliness and effectiveness of decompression operations are guaranteed.

[0023] Optionally, the pressure sensors 11 in this embodiment are high-sensitivity flexible thin-film pressure sensors 11. By accurately distributing the flexible thin-film pressure sensors 11 at key parts of the insole such as the heel, sole, and toes, it is ensured that the changes in the sole pressure can be comprehensively and accurately sensed. The wireless communication module 13 selects a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) module, such as Nordic's nRF52832, and is connected to the microcontroller 12 through an SPI interface, responsible for transmitting the sole pressure data processed by the microcontroller 12 to the smartphone carried by the patient.

[0024] Specifically, the microcontroller 12 includes a communication interface, an analog signal input pin, a first digital output pin, and a second digital output pin. The communication interface is electrically connected to the wireless communication component. The analog signal input pin is electrically connected to the pressure sensor 11. The first digital output pin is electrically connected to the inflatable airbag module 21. The second digital output pin is electrically connected to the hydraulic buffer module 22.

[0025] Furthermore, the wireless communication module 13 in this embodiment employs a Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) module, a Wi-Fi module, or a ZigBee module. The Bluetooth Low Energy (BLE) module includes, for example, the nRF52832 chip. The BLE technology has the advantage of low power consumption, which is very important for the diabetes shoe system that needs to work for a long time and can effectively extend the battery usage time. It can stably transmit data within a short distance (generally up to dozens of meters), which is sufficient to meet the requirement of transmitting the pressure data inside the shoe to the terminal device 30 such as a smart phone carried by the patient. The Wi-Fi module includes, for example, ESP8266 or ESP32 series. The Wi-Fi module can provide relatively long-distance (within the area covered by Wi-Fi signals) and high-bandwidth data transmission. If the patient is in a Wi-Fi network environment, such as at home or in a hospital, this module can quickly transmit a large amount of plantar pressure data to the designated server or terminal device 30, facilitating the centralized management and analysis of the patient's foot pressure data by medical staff through the network. The ZigBee module includes the CC2530 chip. ZigBee has the advantages of low power consumption and short-distance wireless communication with low rate, and is suitable for building a wireless sensor network. In the diabetes shoe system, if it is necessary to converge and transmit the data of multiple sensor nodes (for example, simultaneously monitoring the pressure conditions of both feet), the ZigBee module can effectively coordinate the communication between these nodes and can stably transmit the data to the gateway device or terminal device 30, with high reliability and anti-interference ability.

[0026] In the above embodiments, the communication interface of the microcontroller 12 is connected to the wireless communication component, which can efficiently and stably transmit the processed pressure data to the external terminal device 30, ensuring the real-time feedback of the plantar pressure information, enabling patients and medical staff to timely grasp the foot conditions, and facilitating the accurate assessment and prevention of the risks of diabetic foot. The analog signal input pin is connected to the pressure sensor 11, which can accurately acquire the pressure signal. The first digital output pin is connected to the inflatable airbag module 21, and the second digital output pin is connected to the hydraulic buffer module 22. Thus, the microcontroller 12 can quickly and accurately control the inflation amount of the inflatable airbag and the working state of the hydraulic buffer device according to the pressure data, realizing the precise adjustment of the plantar pressure. It can not only effectively relieve the pressure on the high-pressure areas of the sole, but also optimize the pressure distribution of the entire sole through the coordinated action of multiple modules, improving the reliability and stability of the decompression effect, thereby reducing the probability of complications caused by foot pressure problems in diabetic patients and enhancing the practicality and functionality of the diabetic shoe system.

[0027] Specifically, the microcontroller 12 further includes an analog-to-digital conversion unit. The microcontroller 12 receives the analog signal of the plantar pressure data sent by the pressure sensor 11 through the analog signal input pin, and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog signal through the analog-to-digital conversion unit.

[0028] In the above embodiments, through the analog-to-digital conversion unit, these analog signals can be quickly and accurately converted into digital signals, enabling the microcontroller 12 to perform efficient operations and analyses on them, improving the accuracy and reliability of data processing, reducing the pressure data deviation caused by signal conversion errors, and thus being able to more accurately reflect the actual plantar pressure conditions, including key information such as pressure peaks and the pressure distribution ratios of each area. For diabetic patients, based on the accurate data, medical staff and patients can more timely and accurately understand the foot pressure status, effectively enhancing the practicality and effectiveness of the entire diabetic shoe system and better preventing the occurrence of complications such as diabetic foot.

[0029] Specifically, the inflatable airbag system includes an air pump. The air pump is provided with a drive circuit, an air inlet, and an air outlet. The drive circuit of the air pump is electrically connected to the first digital output pin of the microcontroller 12. The air inlet is connected to an external air source or its own built-in air storage device, and the air outlet is connected to the inflatable airbag on the sole through a trachea.

[0030] In the above embodiments, the microcontroller 12 is connected to the inflatable pump drive circuit through the first digital output pin, and can accurately control the working state of the inflatable pump according to the data collected by the pressure sensor 11 and processed. When it is detected that the pressure in the specific high-pressure areas of the sole (such as the heel and the front sole) exceeds the standard, the microcontroller 12 can quickly issue an instruction to drive the inflatable pump to work and inflate the airbag, so that the airbag expands to relieve the pressure in this area, which can achieve personalized decompression, meet the needs of different patients in different activity states, effectively avoid foot injuries caused by excessive pressure, and reduce the incidence risk of diabetic foot ulcers. The air inlet of the inflatable pump is connected to an external air source or its own air storage device, and the air outlet is connected to the airbag, forming an efficient inflation path. Once receiving the instruction from the microcontroller 12, the inflatable pump can quickly start and inflate the airbag, respond in a timely manner to the changes in the sole pressure, quickly adjust the sole pressure distribution, and provide immediate decompression protection for the patient. During the patient's walking process, the foot pressure changes frequently, and it can quickly respond to ensure that the patient is always in a relatively safe pressure environment, improving the practicability and functionality of the entire diabetic shoe system.

[0031] Specifically, when the microcontroller 12 determines that the pressure in the preset area is greater than the first pressure threshold according to the sole pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor 11, the microcontroller 12 outputs a corresponding first control signal to the drive circuit, drives the inflatable pump to work through the control signal, inflates the inflatable airbag, so that the inflatable airbag expands to relieve the sole pressure. After the sole pressure drops to the preset range, the microcontroller 12 outputs a second signal to stop all inflatable pumps from working.

[0032] In the above embodiments, through the real-time monitoring and analysis of the data of the pressure sensor 11 by the microcontroller 12, the pressure conditions in the preset areas of the sole can be accurately judged. When the pressure exceeds the first pressure threshold, the air pump is quickly activated to inflate the inflatable airbag, realizing the automatic and precise adjustment of the sole pressure, and effectively avoiding damage to the feet of diabetic patients caused by excessive pressure, such as preventing problems such as ulcers and blisters, and providing a personalized foot protection plan for patients. At the moment when the abnormal increase in pressure is detected, the microcontroller 12 can quickly output the first control signal to drive the air pump to work, ensuring that the inflatable airbag expands in time to relieve the sole pressure. This fast response mechanism is particularly important for patients during dynamic processes such as walking and exercising, being able to adapt to changes in sole pressure in a timely manner, maintaining the foot pressure within a safe range, and enhancing the real-time protection performance of the diabetic shoe system. When the sole pressure drops to the preset range, the microcontroller 12 outputs a second signal to stop the air pump from working, avoiding unnecessary energy consumption and prolonging the battery usage time of the diabetic shoe system. At the same time, the precise control logic reduces the ineffective working time of the air pump, reduces the wear and failure probability of the device, improves the stability and reliability of the entire system, and ensures that a stable and effective decompression service is continuously provided to patients during long-term use.

[0033] Specifically, the hydraulic buffer module 22 includes a control valve and a valve drive circuit. The valve drive circuit is electrically connected to the second digital output pin of the microcontroller 12. When the microcontroller 12 determines that the pressure in the preset area is greater than the second pressure threshold according to the sole pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor 11, the microcontroller 12 outputs a corresponding second control signal to the valve drive circuit to open the control valve, and the internal hydraulic system of the hydraulic buffer module 22 works to reduce the sole pressure. Specifically, the first preset area includes the heel and the inner side of the sole, the second preset area includes the outer side of the sole and the bottom of the toes, and the first pressure threshold is greater than the second pressure threshold.

[0034] In the above embodiments, the microcontroller 12 accurately determines whether the pressure in the preset area exceeds the second pressure threshold according to the data of the pressure sensor 11, and then timely sends a control signal to the valve drive circuit to open the control valve, so that the hydraulic buffer module 22 works. This intelligent control based on real-time pressure data can accurately buffer and disperse the pressure in the area with too high plantar pressure, effectively reduce the local pressure concentration, and reduce the risk of foot injuries caused by long-term pressure on diabetic patients. For example, it can reduce the occurrence probability of problems such as plantar fasciitis and joint wear. The hydraulic buffer module 22 and the inflatable airbag module 21 respectively respond to different types of pressure conditions and plantar areas, and they cooperate with each other. When the inflatable airbag adjusts the high-pressure area of a large area, the hydraulic buffer module 22 makes fine adjustments to the high pressure in specific small areas such as the outside of the sole and under the toes, forming an all-round decompression system, optimizing the pressure distribution of the entire sole, further improving the decompression effect and comfort of the diabetic shoe system, and enabling the patient to obtain good foot pressure protection in various activity states. This embodiment enables the diabetic shoe system to adapt to the body weights, walking habits of different patients, and complex and changeable plantar pressure changes. Whether it is daily walking, standing, or occasional strenuous exercise, the hydraulic buffer module 22 can respond in a timely manner according to the actual pressure, ensuring that stable and reliable pressure buffer support is always provided for the foot, enhancing the practicability and durability of the diabetic shoe system in different usage scenarios, and providing a strong guarantee for the long-term foot health management of patients.

[0035] Specifically, the system further includes a power supply component, which is used to supply power to the pressure sensor 11, the microcontroller 12, the wireless communication module 13, the inflatable airbag module 21, and the hydraulic buffer module 22. The power supply component in this embodiment uses a small rechargeable lithium battery or a button battery. The small rechargeable lithium battery has a high energy density and can provide relatively long-term power supply with a small volume and weight, meeting the continuous operation requirements of each component in the shoe system (such as pressure sensors, microcontrollers, wireless communication modules, inflatable airbag modules, and hydraulic buffer modules). It can be charged through common charging interfaces (such as Micro USB or Type-C), which is convenient for users to replenish the power when the shoes are not in use, and can be charged repeatedly, reducing the long-term use cost. The button battery is small in size and flat in shape, and is easy to install in the limited space inside the shoe, without significantly affecting the overall structure and comfort of the shoe. Although its power is relatively small, it can be used as a backup power supply when low power consumption is required. The button battery has good stability and low self-discharge characteristics, and can maintain a certain amount of power reserve for a long time. Even when the shoe system is in a non-use state, it can maintain the low-power operation of key components (such as real-time clocks, etc.), ensuring that some basic functions of the system are always available. For example, for some diabetes shoe prototypes that only perform simple pressure monitoring functions and have a low usage frequency of the inflatable airbag module and the hydraulic buffer module, or specific low-power application scenarios, the button battery can meet their basic power requirements while keeping the shoe simple and light, improving the wearing experience of patients.

[0036] Specifically, the microcontroller 12 includes a single-chip microcomputer, a DSP, and an FPGA. Optionally, the microcontroller 12 in this embodiment uses the STM32F407 single-chip microcomputer as the microcontroller 12. The STM32F407 single-chip microcomputer has rich GPIO interfaces. Among them, the analog signal input pin is connected to the output end of the pressure sensor 11 through a low-noise wire, used to receive the analog signal sent by the pressure sensor 11, and converts the analog signal into a digital signal through the built-in high-performance analog-to-digital conversion unit for processing. The communication interface (SPI interface) is connected to the wireless communication module 13 to achieve data transmission. The first digital output pin is connected to the inflatable pump drive circuit of the inflatable airbag module 21, and the second digital output pin is connected to the valve drive circuit of the hydraulic buffer module 22.

[0037] In the above embodiments, the single-chip microcomputer has low cost and low power consumption, which is beneficial to controlling costs and extending battery life; the DSP has strong signal processing ability and can accurately and quickly analyze pressure signals, improving monitoring accuracy and real-time performance; the FPGA is flexible and customizable, can handle complex and changeable pressure situations, meet personalized needs, and enhance the system's functional adaptability.

[0038] Specifically, the terminal device 30 includes mobile phones and computers. By installing a dedicated diabetes foot management APP on the mobile phone, it is connected to the diabetes shoes in real time. Whether it is walking on the way to work, standing briefly during work, or taking an outdoor walk, the APP can immediately receive and intuitively display the dynamic changes in plantar pressure. For example, it presents the pressure distribution in each area in a 3D pressure model and draws a line graph of the pressure change over time. Once the pressure is abnormal, the APP quickly issues pop-up windows, vibrations, and voice alerts to remind the patient to take measures, such as sitting down to rest or adjusting the pace. At the same time, the APP supports one-key uploading of this week's pressure data to the cloud, facilitating remote viewing and preliminary analysis by medical staff. After quickly browsing the data on the mobile phone, medical staff can promptly reply with short health suggestions, such as suggesting adjusting the daily walking duration or increasing specific foot stretching exercises, to achieve convenient remote interactive guidance. After the patient returns home, the diabetes shoe system automatically connects to the home computer via Wi-Fi. There is professional medical analysis software installed on the computer, which can deeply mine the detailed pressure data stored in the cloud. Using algorithms, the software combines information such as the patient's medical history and living habits to generate a comprehensive foot health assessment report, covering detailed pressure distribution statistics, comparative analysis with patients of the same age group, prediction of potential risk areas, and suggestions for personalized decompression plans. When the patient goes to the doctor next time, they can bring the report generated by the computer. With the help of these detailed data, doctors can more accurately adjust the treatment plan, such as formulating targeted rehabilitation training courses, etc., thus providing support for the prevention of the patient's diabetic foot and improving the overall health management level.

[0039] In the above embodiments, mobile phones are portable and popular, which is convenient for patients to view data in real time, receive reminder suggestions, is conducive to remote medical monitoring and guidance, and improves the convenience of health management; computers have strong data processing and analysis capabilities, are suitable for long-term data mining, can provide detailed reports for medical staff, assist in formulating accurate treatment and rehabilitation plans, and enhance the professional value of the system.

[0040] In this embodiment, the specific working process of the diabetic shoe system is as follows: After the patient puts on the corresponding diabetic shoes equipped with the diabetic shoe system of this embodiment, the pressure sensor 11 collects the pressure data of each part of the sole in real time and transmits the analog signal to the microcontroller 12. The analog-to-digital conversion unit of the microcontroller 12 converts the received analog signal into a digital signal, and then calculates the pressure magnitude and distribution of each area through the built-in algorithm. For example, if it is determined that the pressure in the heel and the inner area of the sole (the first preset area) is greater than the set first pressure threshold (for example, 300 kPa, an empirical value obtained through statistical analysis of the patient's weight and past pressure data), the microcontroller 12 immediately outputs a first control signal to the inflatable pump drive circuit to drive the inflatable pump to work and inflate the corresponding inflatable airbag. After the airbag expands, it raises the sole of this area to relieve the pressure. As the airbag inflates, the sole pressure gradually decreases. When the microcontroller 12 determines that the pressure has decreased to the preset range (for example, 200 - 250 kPa), it outputs a second signal to stop the inflatable pump from working. At the same time, if the microcontroller 12 determines that the pressure on the outer side of the sole and the bottom of the toes (the second preset area) is greater than the second pressure threshold (for example, 150 kPa), it outputs a second control signal to the valve drive circuit of the hydraulic buffer module 22 to open the solenoid valve, enabling the liquid inside the hydraulic buffer module 22 to flow, and using its damping characteristics to absorb and disperse the pressure. When the pressure returns to normal, the solenoid valve is closed. The microcontroller 12 transmits the processed sole pressure data to the patient's smartphone through the wireless communication module 13. The supporting application installed on the smartphone displays the data to the patient in the form of an intuitive chart, including information such as real-time pressure distribution, pressure peak value, and pressure change curve over time. The patient can view their sole pressure situation at any time to understand the foot health condition. If the pressure data shows abnormal fluctuations or remains at a relatively high level for a long time, the application will also issue a health reminder, suggesting that the patient take appropriate rest, adjust the walking posture, or seek medical examination in a timely manner.

[0041] Beneficial effects of this embodiment: In this embodiment, highly sensitive flexible film pressure sensors 11 are selected and arranged at key parts of the sole of the foot, which can accurately sense the magnitude and distribution of pressure. Whether it is daily walking or other activities, dynamic changes can be comprehensively captured. The microcontroller 12 is built-in with an analog-to-digital conversion unit, which can accurately convert the analog signal transmitted by the sensor into a digital signal, and then through the built-in algorithm analysis, key parameters such as pressure peak value and pressure ratio of each area can be accurately obtained, helping medical staff and patients to detect potential health hazards in a timely manner and improving the accuracy of diabetes foot risk prevention and control. Through the inflatable airbag module 21, the inflation volume and pressure can be accurately controlled under the regulation of the microcontroller 12 according to the actual situation of the high-pressure area on the sole of the foot, realizing personalized decompression, effectively relieving the high-pressure compression of parts such as the heel and the front sole of the foot, and reducing the risk of complications. The hydraulic buffer module 22 uses the characteristics of the liquid to finely adjust areas such as the outside of the sole and under the toes, and cooperates with the inflatable airbag module 21 to form an all-round decompression system, optimize the pressure distribution, improve the walking comfort and stability, and adapt to various complex pressure changes. Through the wireless communication module 13, the processed data can be stably transmitted to terminal devices 30 such as mobile phones and computers, presented in intuitive charts, convenient for viewing at any time, conducive to remote medical guidance and patient self-management. The storage of historical data by the terminal device 30 is convenient for analyzing the health change trend and assisting in adjusting the nursing plan. Each component is reasonably electrically connected and coordinated by the microcontroller 12 to ensure normal operation in a complex environment. There are various choices for the microcontroller 12. For example, the STM32F407 single-chip microcomputer has low cost, low power consumption and rich interfaces, ensuring efficient connection with each module. Coupled with the power supply component for power supply, it lays a solid foundation for long-term foot health management and has great practical value.

[0042] The above specific implementation manner is the preferred implementation manner of the diabetes shoe system with a sole pressure monitoring and decompression function of the present invention, and does not limit the specific implementation scope of the present invention. The scope of the present invention includes but is not limited to this specific implementation manner. All equivalent changes made according to the shape and structure of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression functions, characterized in that, It includes an intelligent insole component and a sole decompression component. The intelligent insole component includes a pressure sensor, a microcontroller, and a wireless communication module. The pressure sensor is electrically connected to the microcontroller and is used to collect the pressure magnitude and distribution of various parts of the sole. The microcontroller is electrically connected to the wireless communication module and is used to process the data collected by the pressure sensor. The wireless communication module is used for data transmission with a terminal device. The sole decompression component includes an inflatable airbag module and a hydraulic buffer module. The inflatable airbag module and the hydraulic buffer module are respectively electrically connected to the microcontroller. The inflatable airbag module is used to relieve the pressure on specific high-pressure areas of the sole, and the hydraulic buffer module is used to absorb and disperse the sole pressure through the flow and damping characteristics of the liquid.

2. The diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression function according to claim 1, characterized in that, The microcontroller includes a communication interface, an analog signal input pin, a first digital output pin, and a second digital output pin. The communication interface is electrically connected to the wireless communication component. The analog signal input pin is electrically connected to the pressure sensor. The first digital output pin is electrically connected to the inflatable airbag module, and the second digital output pin is electrically connected to the hydraulic buffer module.

3. The diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression function according to claim 2, wherein The microcontroller further includes an analog-to-digital conversion unit. The microcontroller receives the analog signal of the sole pressure data sent by the pressure sensor through the analog signal input pin and performs analog-to-digital conversion on the analog signal through the analog-to-digital conversion unit.

4. The diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression function according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inflatable airbag system includes an air pump. The air pump is provided with a drive circuit, an air inlet, and an air outlet. The drive circuit of the air pump is electrically connected to the first digital output pin of the microcontroller. The air inlet communicates with an external air source or its own built-in air storage device, and the air outlet is connected to the inflatable airbag on the sole through a trachea.

5. The diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression function according to claim 4, characterized in that, When the microcontroller determines that the pressure in the first preset area is greater than the first pressure threshold according to the sole pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor, the microcontroller outputs a corresponding first control signal to the drive circuit, drives the air pump to work through the control signal, and inflates the inflatable airbag to make the inflatable airbag expand to relieve the sole pressure. After the sole pressure drops to the preset range, the microcontroller outputs a second signal to stop the air pump from working.

6. The diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression function according to claim 5, wherein The hydraulic buffer module includes a control valve and a valve drive circuit. The valve drive circuit is electrically connected to the second digital output pin of the microcontroller. When the microcontroller determines that the pressure in the second preset area is greater than the second pressure threshold according to the sole pressure data transmitted by the pressure sensor, the microcontroller outputs a corresponding second control signal to the valve drive circuit to open the control valve, and the internal hydraulic system of the hydraulic buffer module works to reduce the sole pressure.

7. The diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression function according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first preset area includes the heel and the inner side of the sole, and the second preset area includes the outer side of the sole and the bottom of the toes. The first pressure threshold is greater than the second pressure threshold.

8. The diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression function according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The system further includes a power supply component, which is used to supply power to the pressure sensor, the microcontroller, the wireless communication module, the inflatable airbag module, and the hydraulic buffer module.

9. The diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression function according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The microcontroller includes a single-chip microcomputer, a DSP, and an FPGA.

10. The diabetic shoe system with plantar pressure monitoring and decompression function according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The terminal device includes a mobile phone and a computer.

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