Puncture outfit

Abstract

The invention provides a puncture outfit and relates to the technical field of medical instruments.The puncture outfit comprises a needle containing pen and a puncture suite, the puncture suite comprises a tip, the tip comprises a side blade face located on the side face of the tip and an end blade face located on the end face of the tip, and the side blade face gradually inclines towards the axis of the tip in the direction close to the end blade face; the end blade surface is connected with the side blade surface, and the end blade surface is obliquely arranged relative to the cross section of the tip; the needle placing pen comprises a holding front end and a position control rear end, the holding front end is connected with the position control rear end, a mounting structure is arranged on the surface, facing the mounting channel, of the position control rear end, and the mounting structure is used for being detachably connected with the needle base; the holding front end comprises a shell, a rotary lifting cylinder and an abutting cylinder. According to the puncture outfit, the puncture force is guaranteed, meanwhile, the strength of the needle tip is improved, tissue tearing or damage is not likely to be caused, and meanwhile the operation cost can be reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical devices, and particularly to a trocar. Background Art

[0002] In ophthalmic surgery, a trocar is an indispensable precision instrument, mainly used for complex operations such as anterior chamber puncture, vitreous cutting, and retinal surgery. Its main function is to establish a stable channel by puncturing tissues, so that subsequent surgical instruments (such as vitrectomy heads, illumination optical fibers, laser optical fibers, etc.) can smoothly enter and complete corresponding operations.

[0003] In the design of traditional ophthalmic trocars, the tip mostly adopts a single bevel or conical structure. This design can meet the need of penetrating tissues to a certain extent and ensure the establishment of a surgical channel. However, the above structure will result in poor strength at the tip, and the tip is prone to produce hooks, which is likely to cause tissue tearing or damage during the needle withdrawal operation. In addition, traditional trocars mostly adopt a disposable and single-puncture mode, resulting in a significant increase in cost. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a trocar, which can ensure the puncture force while increasing the strength of the needle tip, is not easy to cause tissue tearing or damage, and can reduce the surgical cost at the same time.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: The present invention provides a trocar, including a needle-holding pen and a puncture kit. The puncture kit includes a tip, and the tip includes a side cutting edge on the side surface of the tip and an end cutting edge on the end surface of the tip. The side cutting edge gradually inclines towards the axis of the tip along the direction close to the end cutting edge. The end cutting edge is connected to the side cutting edge, and the end cutting edge is inclined relative to the cross-section of the tip; The puncture kit includes a puncture needle, a self-closing sleeve, and a needle seat; one end of the puncture needle is the tip, and the other end is connected to the needle seat; a plurality of self-closing sleeves are configured, and the plurality of self-closing sleeves are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the puncture needle along the length direction of the puncture needle; The needle-holding pen includes a front holding end and a rear position-control end. The front holding end is connected to the rear position-control end. An installation channel for installing the puncture kit is formed between the front holding end and the rear position-control end. An installation structure is provided on the surface of the rear position-control end facing the installation channel, and the installation structure is used for detachably connecting with the needle seat; The holding front end includes a housing, a lifting cylinder, and an abutting cylinder; the lifting cylinder is connected to the position control rear end and the lifting cylinder is provided with a track groove; one end of the abutting cylinder extends into the lifting cylinder and has a guide post slidably engaged with the track groove, and the other end extends out of the lifting cylinder and has an abutting flap; one end of the housing is rotatably sleeved outside the lifting cylinder and the abutting flap, and the other end has a converging cavity, and the inner wall of the housing has a spiral groove engaged with the guide post, and the guide post makes the abutting cylinder approach or move away from the converging cavity under the guidance of the spiral groove and the track groove.

[0006] In an alternative embodiment, two side cutting surfaces are provided, and the two side cutting surfaces are oppositely arranged with respect to any longitudinal section of the tip, and the extension surfaces of the two side cutting surfaces facing the direction close to the end cutting surface intersect at the tip of the needle.

[0007] In an alternative embodiment, the perpendicular distance between the plane of the end cutting surface and the tip of the needle is 0.05 - 0.5 mm.

[0008] In an alternative embodiment, both of the two side cutting surfaces include a first cutting surface, a second cutting surface, and a third cutting surface; Both the first cutting surface and the third cutting surface extend to the end cutting surface and intersect at the side of the tip to form a first cutting edge; The second cutting surface is connected between the first cutting surface and the third cutting surface and extends towards the end cutting surface to the first cutting edge, the second cutting surface and the first cutting surface intersect at the side of the tip to form a second cutting edge, and the second cutting surface and the third cutting surface intersect at the side of the tip to form a third cutting edge.

[0009] In an alternative embodiment, the end cutting surface forms an angle of 120 - 160° with the longitudinal section; And / or, the angle between the two first cutting edges in the two side cutting surfaces is 10 - 13°.

[0010] In an alternative embodiment, the first cutting surfaces in the two side cutting surfaces intersect to form a fourth cutting edge, the third cutting surfaces in the two side cutting surfaces intersect to form a fifth cutting edge, and the angle between the fourth cutting edge and the fifth cutting edge is 15 - 20°.

[0011] In an alternative embodiment, the tip is coated with a coating, and the material of the coating is diamond-like carbon.

[0012] In an alternative embodiment, the self-closing sleeve includes a cap body, a sleeve base, and a channel tube; The sleeve base is sleeved outside the channel tube; One end of the channel tube is connected to the sleeve base, and the other end includes a transition section for reducing puncture resistance. The inner wall of the end of the channel tube connected to the sleeve base is provided with a protrusion for connecting to the pressure relief pipe; The cap body is buckled on the sleeve base, and the cap body has a cutout for the puncture needle to pass through.

[0013] The trocar provided by the present invention can produce the following beneficial effects: In the puncture kit provided by the present invention, since the side blade surface gradually inclines toward the axis of the tip in the direction close to the end blade surface, the tip of the puncture kit can form a sharp structure, thereby facilitating the tip to penetrate into the human body. On this basis, the end face of the tip is also provided with an end blade surface, which is connected to the side blade surface and is inclined relative to the cross section of the tip, so that the end blade surface can be regarded as being formed by removing the tip on the basis of the sharp structure. When in use, the lifting cylinder can be rotated relative to the outer shell, and the guide column, under the guidance of the spiral groove and the track groove, will make the top abutting cylinder approach or move away from the retracting chamber. In the process of approaching the retracting chamber, the top abutting petal gradually contacts with the retracting chamber and closes under the pressure of the retracting chamber. In the process of moving away from the retracting chamber, the top abutting petal gradually separates from the retracting chamber and opens without the pressure of the retracting chamber.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the puncture kit provided by the present invention has a tip-less structural design at the tip, which ensures the puncture force while increasing the strength of the needle tip. The tip is not prone to hooking, which ensures the reliability of multiple punctures and is not prone to tissue tearing or damage. In addition, the above-mentioned needle placement pen can be reused, and only the puncture kit needs to be replaced after the operation is completed, which ensures safe and effective use while reducing surgical costs and environmental burdens. Finally, holding the front end can not only realize the movement of the rear self-closing cannula to the distal end after the previous self-closing cannula is reserved in the eyeball, but also provide support for the rear self-closing cannula when the rear self-closing cannula enters the eyeball, which can achieve multiple punctures and further reduce surgical costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific implementation methods of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the specific implementation methods or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some implementation methods of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0016] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a tip provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A side view of a tip provided for an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 forFigure 2 Partial enlarged schematic view at position A; Figure 4 Front view of a tip provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is Figure 4 Partial enlarged schematic view at position B; Figure 6 Longitudinal sectional view of a puncture kit provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 Exploded view of a self - closing cannula provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 Longitudinal sectional view of a self - closing cannula provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 Front view of the first self - closing cannula provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 Front view of the second self - closing cannula provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 Front view of the third self - closing cannula provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 12 Front view of the fourth self - closing cannula provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 13 Front view of the fifth self - closing cannula provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 14 Longitudinal sectional view of a self - closing cannula in cooperation with a pressure relief pipe provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 15 Three - dimensional structure schematic diagram of a needle - placing pen provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 16 Longitudinal sectional view of a needle - placing pen provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 17 Partial sectional view when a needle - placing pen is inserted with a puncture kit provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure One ; Figure 18 Three - dimensional structure schematic diagram of a holding front end provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 19 Longitudinal sectional view of a holding front end provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 20 Three - dimensional structure schematic diagram of a pressing cylinder provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 21 Three - dimensional structure schematic diagram of a lifting cylinder provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 22 Longitudinal sectional view of a housing provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 23Partial cross-section view when the needle-inserting pen of the present invention embodiment is installed with a puncture kit Figure Two ; Figure 24 Three-dimensional structure diagram of a position-control rear end provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 25 Longitudinal sectional view of a position-control rear end provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 26 Three-dimensional structure diagram of a needle-inserting rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 27 Three-dimensional structure diagram of a push rod provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 28 Three-dimensional structure diagram of a position-control cylinder provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 29 Partial cross-section view when the needle-inserting pen of the present invention embodiment is installed with a puncture kit Figure Three ; Figure 30 For Figure 29 Local enlarged schematic diagram at position C of; Figure 31 Three-dimensional structure diagram of a ranging cap provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 32 Front view of a ranging cap provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure One ; Figure 33 Front view of a ranging cap provided by an embodiment of the present invention Figure Two ; Figure 34 Structure diagram of a ranging cap during use provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 35 Partial cross-section view when the needle-inserting pen of the present invention embodiment is installed with a puncture kit Figure Four ; Figure 36 Partial three-dimensional structure diagram when the needle-inserting pen of the present invention embodiment is installed with a puncture kit; Figure 37 Exploded view of a puncture device provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 38 Partial cross-sectional view of a puncture device provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Icon: 1 - Holding front end; 11 - Outer shell; 111 - Folding cavity; 112 - Helical groove; 113 - Buckling groove; 12 - Rotating and rising cylinder; 121 - Trajectory groove; 1211 - Extension part; 1212 - First limiting part; 1213 - Second limiting part; 122 - Guide port; 123 - Protrusion; 124 - Buckling hole; 13 - Thrust cylinder; 131 - Guide post; 132 - Thrust flap; 1321 - Contact part; 2 - Position control rear end; 21 - Push rod; 211 - Shaft head; 212 - Position control column; 213 - Guide hole; 214 - Notch; 22 - Needle placing rod; 221 - Mounting structure; 23 - Position control cylinder; 231 - Guide groove; 232 - Position control hole; 233 - Buckle head; 24 - Distance measuring cap; 241 - Scale point; 2411 - First scale point; 2412 - Second scale point; 2413 - Third scale point; 3 - Puncture kit; 31 - Puncture needle; 311 - Side cutting edge surface; 3111 - First cutting edge; 3112 - Second cutting edge; 3113 - Third cutting edge; 3114 - First cutting edge; 3115 - Second cutting edge; 3116 - Third cutting edge; 3117 - Fourth cutting edge; 3118 - Fifth cutting edge; 312 - End cutting edge surface; 32 - Self - closing sleeve; 321 - Cap body; 3211 - Cut; 322 - Sleeve base; 323 - Channel tube; 3231 - Transition section; 3232 - Protrusion part; 33 - Needle holder; 331 - Ring groove; 34 - Needle tip point; 4 - Protective cap; 5 - Pressure relief tube. Detailed implementation mode

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0019] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", "third" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and defined, the terms "installation", "connection", and "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two components. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0021] The following will describe in detail the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention, and are not used to limit the present invention.

[0022] This embodiment aims to provide a trocar, including a trocar kit 3, as Figure 1 shown. The trocar kit 3 includes a tip, and the tip includes a side cutting surface 311 located on the side of the tip and an end cutting surface 312 located on the end face of the tip. The side cutting surface 311 gradually inclines towards the axis of the tip in the direction close to the end cutting surface 312. The end cutting surface 312 is connected to the side cutting surface 311, and the end cutting surface 312 is inclined with respect to the cross-section of the tip.

[0023] It can be understood that the cross-section of the above tip is perpendicular to the extending direction of the tip.

[0024] In the above embodiment, since the side cutting surface 311 gradually inclines towards the axis of the tip in the direction close to the end cutting surface 312, the tip of the trocar kit can form a sharp structure, thereby facilitating the tip to penetrate into the human body. On this basis, an end cutting surface 312 is further provided on the end face of the tip. The end cutting surface 312 is connected to the side cutting surface 311 and the end cutting surface 312 is inclined with respect to the cross-section of the tip. Thus, the end cutting surface 312 can be regarded as formed by removing the top of the tip on the basis of the sharp structure.

[0025] Therefore, due to the design of the tip-removing structure at the tip of the trocar kit, while ensuring the puncture force, the strength of the needle tip is also increased. In the case of multiple punctures, the reliability is relatively strong, the tip is not easily bent, and the tearing or damage to the tissue is reduced.

[0026] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, the side cutting surfaces 311 are configured as two, and the two side cutting surfaces 311 are oppositely arranged with respect to any longitudinal section of the tip, and the extending surfaces of the two side cutting surfaces 311 towards the direction close to the end cutting surface 312 intersect at the needle tip 34.

[0027] It can be understood that the longitudinal section of the above tip is parallel to the extending direction of the tip, and the longitudinal section of the tip passes through the needle tip 34.

[0028] In the above-described embodiment, the extension surfaces of the two side cutting surfaces 311 can cause the tip of the puncture kit to form a sharp structure, which can gradually increase the wound size after the tip penetrates into the human body, such as the eyeball, and reduce the puncture resistance.

[0029] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the vertical distance d1 between the plane where the end cutting surface 312 is located and the needle tip 34 is 0.05 - 0.5 mm.

[0030] The larger the vertical distance d1 between the plane where the end cutting surface 312 is located and the needle tip 34, the Figure 3 larger the removed tip part shown by the dashed line in the figure, and vice versa. If the distance d1 is too large, too much of the tip is removed, which will affect the piercing force of the tip; if the distance d1 is too small, too little of the tip is removed, then the strength of the tip cannot be effectively increased.

[0031] Specifically, the above distance d1 can be 0.05 mm, 0.1 mm, 0.2 mm, 0.3 mm, 0.4 mm or 0.5 mm.

[0032] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, both of the two side cutting surfaces 311 include a first cutting surface 3111, a second cutting surface 3112 and a third cutting surface 3113, where: Both the first cutting surface 3111 and the third cutting surface 3113 extend to the end cutting surface 312, and the first cutting surface 3111 and the third cutting surface 3113 meet at the side of the tip to form a first cutting edge 3114; The second cutting surface 3112 is connected between the first cutting surface 3111 and the third cutting surface 3113 and extends towards the end cutting surface 312 to the first cutting edge 3114. The second cutting surface 3112 and the first cutting surface 3111 meet at the side of the tip to form a second cutting edge 3115, and the second cutting surface 3112 and the third cutting surface 3113 meet at the side of the tip to form a third cutting edge 3116.

[0033] In the above-described embodiment, each side cutting surface 311 includes three cutting surfaces, namely the first cutting surface 3111, the second cutting surface 3112 and the third cutting surface 3113. Since there are two side cutting surfaces 311, plus the end cutting surface 312, a multi-stage progressive seven-cutting surface is formed at the tip.

[0034] When puncturing the eyeball, the end cutting surface 312 and the first cutting surface 3111 and the third cutting surface 3113 in one of the side cutting surfaces 311 first pierce through the eyeball and enter the eyeball. Subsequently, the first cutting surface 3111 and the third cutting surface 3113 in the other side cutting surface 311 penetrate into the eyeball, and finally the second cutting surface 3112 penetrates into the eyeball, gradually increasing the wound surface of the eyeball and reducing the risk of a sharp rise in the intraocular pressure caused by excessive puncture resistance for the patient.

[0035] If the angle between the two first cutting edges 3114 in the two side cutting surfaces 311 is too large, the puncture force will be relatively large and the wound surface will be larger. If the angle between the two first cutting edges 3114 is too small, the strength of the tip cannot be effectively increased. Therefore, in an alternative embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the angle θ1 between the two first cutting edges 3114 in the two side cutting surfaces 311 is 10-13°.

[0036] Specifically, the angle θ1 between the two first cutting edges 3114 can be 10°, 11°, 12° or 13°.

[0037] Preferably, the angle θ1 between the two first cutting edges 3114 is 11°.

[0038] If the angle between the two third cutting edges 3116 in the two side cutting surfaces 311 is too large, the puncture force will be relatively large and the wound surface will be larger. If the angle between the two third cutting edges 3116 is too small, the strength of the tip cannot be effectively increased. Therefore, in an alternative embodiment, as Figure 2 shown, the angle θ2 between the two third cutting edges 3116 in the two side cutting surfaces 311 is 6-8°.

[0039] Specifically, the angle θ2 between the two third cutting edges 3116 can be 6°, 7° or 8°.

[0040] Preferably, the angle θ2 between the two third cutting edges 3116 is 7°.

[0041] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, the end cutting surface 312 forms an angle θ3 of 120-160° with the longitudinal section of the tip, and the two side cutting surfaces 311 are oppositely arranged with respect to the above longitudinal section.

[0042] The larger the angle θ3, the smaller the actual tip angle θ4 formed between the end cutting surface 312 and the first cutting edge 3114. If the actual tip angle θ4 is too small, it will also affect the strength of the tip. The smaller the angle θ3, the larger the actual tip angle θ4 formed between the end cutting surface 312 and the first cutting edge 3114. If the actual tip angle θ4 is too large, it will affect the puncture force and increase the puncture resistance. The above embodiment can avoid excessive puncture resistance while ensuring the strength of the tip.

[0043] Specifically, the angle θ4 can be 120°, 130°, 140°, 150° or 160°.

[0044] Preferably, the angle θ4 is 160°.

[0045] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 4As shown, the first cutting edge surface 3111 and the third cutting edge surface 3113 are symmetrically arranged with respect to the tip longitudinal section where the first cutting edge 3114 is located, and the second cutting edge surface 3112 is symmetrically arranged with respect to the tip longitudinal section where the first cutting edge 3114 is located by itself.

[0046] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the first cutting edge surfaces 3111 in the two side cutting edge surfaces 311 converge to form a fourth cutting edge 3117, and the third cutting edge surfaces 3113 in the two side cutting edge surfaces 311 converge to form a fifth cutting edge 3118.

[0047] In the above embodiment, the two side cutting edge surfaces 311 are connected by the fourth cutting edge 3117 and the fifth cutting edge 3118, so that during the process of the tip piercing the eyeball, the tip can fully cut the eyeball through each cutting edge, reducing the puncture resistance.

[0048] If the angle θ5 is too large, the wound surface will be large; if the angle θ5 is too small, the strength of the tip cannot meet the requirements. Therefore, in an alternative embodiment, as Figure 1 shown, the angle θ5 between the fourth cutting edge 3117 and the fifth cutting edge 3118 is 15 - 20°.

[0049] The angle θ5 can specifically be 15°, 16°, 17°, 18°, 19° or 20°.

[0050] Preferably, the angle θ5 is 20°.

[0051] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 5 shown, the connection line between the intersection points of the end cutting edge surface 312 and the two first cutting edges 3114 is perpendicular to the connection line between the intersection points of the end cutting edge surface 312 and the fourth cutting edge 3117 and the fifth cutting edge 3118 respectively.

[0052] In an alternative embodiment, the tip is coated with a coating, and the material of the coating is diamond - like carbon. The diamond - like carbon can form a stable lubricating layer on the surface of the tip, significantly reducing the friction force and improving the durability of the instrument.

[0053] Among them, diamond - like carbon is an existing material, which has the advantages of high hardness, excellent corrosion resistance, anti - adhesion property, good biocompatibility, etc.

[0054] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 6 shown, the puncture kit includes a puncture needle 31, a self - closing cannula 32 and a needle holder 33; one end of the puncture needle 31 is a tip, and the other end is connected to the needle holder 33; a plurality of self - closing cannulas 32 are configured, and the plurality of self - closing cannulas 32 are sequentially sleeved on the outside of the puncture needle 31 along the length direction of the puncture needle 31.

[0055] In use, each self-sealing cannula 32 can be left in the eyeball through multiple punctures.

[0056] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the self-sealing cannula 32 includes a cap body 321, a cannula base 322, and a channel tube 323; the cannula base 322 is sleeved outside the channel tube 323; one end of the channel tube 323 is connected to the cannula base 322, and the end of the other end includes a transition section 3231 for reducing the puncture resistance; the cap body 321 is fastened to the cannula base 322, and the cap body 321 has an incision 3211 for the puncture needle 31 to pass through.

[0057] In the above embodiment, the setting of the transition section 3231 is beneficial to reducing the puncture force when the puncture cannula enters the sclera, shortening the puncture time of the doctor, and reducing the risk of a sharp rise in intraocular pressure caused by excessive puncture resistance for the patient.

[0058] As Figure 9 shown, the outer surface of the transition section 3231 is inclined, and the outer diameter gradually decreases along the direction gradually approaching its own end. The included angle θ6 formed by the outer surface of the transition section 3231 is 18°; or as Figure 10 shown, the outer surface of the transition section 3231 is an arc surface, and the corresponding radius R of the arc surface is 0.3 mm; or as Figure 11 shown, the transition section 3231 includes two double inclined surfaces arranged radially along the channel tube 323, and the included angle θ7 formed by the double inclined surfaces is 30°; or as Figure 12 shown, the transition section 3231 includes four inclined surfaces arranged at equal intervals around the axis of the channel tube 323, and the included angle θ8 formed by any two relatively arranged inclined surfaces is 30°; or as Figure 13 shown, the transition section 3231 includes six inclined surfaces arranged at equal intervals around the axis of the channel tube 323, and the included angle θ9 formed by any two relatively arranged inclined surfaces is 30°.

[0059] The setting of the transition section 3231 can reduce the puncture resistance when puncturing the sclera in two stages. The puncture force when the channel tube 323 enters the sclera is smaller, reducing the risk of a sharp rise in intraocular pressure caused by excessive puncture resistance for the patient, bringing faster and more stable punctures for the doctor, and reducing the traction damage at the sclera.

[0060] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 14 shown, a convex portion 3232 for connecting with the pressure relief tube 5 is provided on the inner wall of the end of the channel tube 323 connected to the cannula base 322, preventing the pressure relief tube 5 from falling off due to pulling and moving during the operation, thereby causing unnecessary risks in the operation.

[0061] Specifically, the channel tube 323 can be formed by metal stamping using stainless steel material. The sleeve base 322 has an I-shaped structure and can be formed by injection molding or injection. The channel tube 323 and the sleeve base 322 can be integrally formed by injection molding, or assembled and combined by bonding or ultrasonic welding.

[0062] In addition, the cap body 321 is covered on the sleeve base 322. The incision 3211 on the cap body 321 can be a straight slot. The straight slot can effectively prevent the gushing out of the intraocular physiological saline during the process of the surgical instrument entering and exiting, and stabilize the intraocular pressure. At the same time, through the extrusion action of the straight slot, it can prevent the self-closing sleeve 32 from falling off the puncture needle 31. The straight slot will not give a large extrusion force to the puncture needle 31, so that the self-closing sleeve 32 can remain in the eyeball under the resistance exerted by the eyeball.

[0063] Specifically, the straight slot can be formed by cutting with a sharp tip or ultrasonic cutting.

[0064] On the basis of the above various embodiments, the puncture device further includes a needle-holding pen, as Figures 15 to 17 shown. The needle-holding pen includes a front holding end 1 and a rear position-control end 2. The front holding end 1 is connected to the rear position-control end 2. An installation channel for installing the puncture kit 3 is formed between the front holding end 1 and the rear position-control end 2. The surface of the rear position-control end 2 facing the installation channel is provided with an installation structure 221, and the installation structure 221 is used for detachably connecting with the puncture kit 3.

[0065] During use, the puncture kit 3 can be installed in the installation channel through the installation structure 221, and the user can perform surgical operations. After the operation is completed, the connection between the puncture kit 3 and the installation structure 221 can be cancelled. When used next time, a new puncture kit 3 can be inserted into the installation channel and connected to the installation structure.

[0066] Therefore, the above-mentioned needle-holding pen can be reused. After the operation is completed, only the puncture kit 3 needs to be replaced, which ensures the safety and effectiveness of use while reducing the surgical cost and the environmental burden.

[0067] Among them, there can be various detachable connection methods between the installation structure 221 and the puncture kit 3. For example, the installation structure 221 is snap-connected to the puncture kit 3, or the installation structure 221 is thread-connected to the puncture kit 3, etc.

[0068] In an alternative embodiment, for the convenience of the user's operation, the installation structure 221 and the puncture kit 3 adopt a snap-connection method. For example, the installation structure 221 has a convex structure, and a card slot is recessed on the outer surface of the needle base 33. The connection between the two is realized through the snap connection of the convex and the card slot. Of course, it is also possible that the installation structure 221 includes a card slot, and the outer surface of the needle base 33 has a convex structure that is snap-connected to the card slot.

[0069] The structure of the grip front end 1 is described in detail below: In an optional embodiment, if Figures 18 to 22 As shown, the grip front end 1 includes a housing 11, a rotating cylinder 12 and a top cylinder 13, wherein: One end of the rotary cylinder 12 is connected to the position control rear end 2, and the other end of the rotary cylinder 12 is provided with a track groove 121; One end of the push-up tube 13 extends into the spiral cylinder 12 and has a guide column 131. The guide column 131 can extend into the track groove 121 and slide with the track groove 121. The other end of the push-up tube 13 extends out of the spiral cylinder 12 and has a push-up petal 132. One end of the housing 11 is rotatably sleeved on the outside of the spiral cylinder 12 and the top abutment petal 132 , and the other end has a retracting cavity 111 . The inner wall of the housing 11 has a spiral groove 112 that cooperates with the guide column 131 .

[0070] When in use, the spiral cylinder 12 is rotated relative to the shell 11, and the guide column 131, under the guidance of the spiral groove 112 and the track groove 121, will make the top cylinder 13 approach or move away from the gathering chamber 111. In the process of approaching the gathering chamber 111, the top abutting petal 132 gradually contacts with the gathering chamber 111 and is squeezed by the gathering chamber 111. In the process of moving away from the gathering chamber 111, the top abutting petal 132 gradually separates from the gathering chamber 111 and opens without the squeezing of the gathering chamber 111.

[0071] The above-mentioned holding front end 1 can realize the folding and opening of the top flap 132 by rotating the lifting cylinder 12. In the opened state, the puncture kit 3 can extend from the top flap 132 into the installation channel and connect with the installation structure 221. At the same time, Figure 23 As shown, during the operation, the self-closing cannula 32 in the puncture kit 3 can also extend from the top flap 132; in the retracted state, the end surface of the top flap 132 can contact the end surface of the farthest self-closing cannula 32, and provide support for the self-closing cannula 32 during the process of the self-closing cannula 32 entering the eyeball, so as to prevent the self-closing cannula 32 from retreating toward the proximal end. In this way, the above-mentioned holding front end 1 can not only realize the movement of the next self-closing cannula 32 toward the distal end after the previous self-closing cannula 32 is reserved in the eyeball, but also realize the support force provided to the next self-closing cannula 32 when the next self-closing cannula 32 enters the eyeball.

[0072] Among them, Figure 20 As shown, the top abutment petal 132 includes a plurality of petal bodies, and the plurality of petal bodies are evenly spaced and distributed around the axis of the top abutment cylinder 13, as shown in FIG. Figure 19 As shown, the closer to the left end of the top abutting petal 132, the closer the distance between the petal body and the axis of the top abutting cylinder 13 is, and there is a V-shaped gap between two adjacent petals. The closer to the left end of the petal body, the larger the V-shaped gap is. Figure 19, along the axial direction of the housing 11, the outer diameter dimensions of the cross-sections of the converging cavity 111 are different. The closer to the left end face of the housing 11, the smaller the outer diameter dimension of the cross-section of the converging cavity 111, so that the closer the abutting flap 132 is to the left end face of the housing 11, the greater the degree of convergence.

[0073] As Figure 19 shown, the end of the flap body protrudes outwardly with an abutting portion 1321. During the process of the abutting cylinder 13 moving leftward, the abutting portion 1321 can make the abutting flap 132 more easily converge under the limitation of the converging cavity 111.

[0074] In an alternative embodiment, to facilitate the guide post 131 to enter the track groove 121, as Figure 21 shown, the end face of the lifting cylinder 12 is provided with a guiding port 122 communicating with the track groove 121.

[0075] During use, the guide post 131 can enter the track groove 121 through the V-shaped guiding port 122 at the front end of the lifting cylinder 12, and then rotate into the inner cavity of the housing 11 through the cooperation of the guide post 131 and the spiral groove 112.

[0076] Specifically, as Figure 21 shown, the shape of the guiding port 122 can be V-shaped. The closer to the end face of the lifting cylinder 12, the larger the opening of the guiding port 122, so as to facilitate the guide post 131 to enter the guiding port 122. At the end of the guiding port 122 away from the end face of the lifting cylinder 12, the opening dimension of this end is slightly smaller than the dimension of the guide post 131 to prevent the guide post 131 from disengaging from the guiding port 122.

[0077] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 21 shown, the track groove 121 has an extension portion 1211 extending along a direction parallel to the axis of the lifting cylinder 12, so that when the lifting cylinder 12 rotates, the abutting cylinder 13 can move along a direction parallel to the axis of the lifting cylinder 12, gradually approaching or departing from the converging cavity 111.

[0078] It is set that, as Figure 21 shown, the left end of the extension portion 1211 is the termination point of the track groove 121, and the right end of the extension portion 1211 is the starting point of the track groove 121.

[0079] Specifically, as Figure 21 shown, the track groove 121 further includes a first limiting portion 1212 and a second limiting portion 1213. The first limiting portion 1212 communicates with the left end of the extension portion 1211, and the second limiting portion 1213 communicates with the right end of the extension portion 1211. Both the first limiting portion 1212 and the second limiting portion 1213 extend along the circumferential direction of the lifting cylinder 12 and have opposite extension directions with respect to the extension direction of the extension portion 1211.

[0080] During the use process, the lifting cylinder 12 can be made as Figure 21Rotating in the direction of the arrow shown, the guide post 131 of the abutting cylinder 13 enters the right end of the extension part 1211 from the second limiting part 1213. Under the guidance of the spiral groove 112, the guide post 131 moves along the extension part 1211 to the left end of the extension part 1211, and then enters the first limiting part 1212 and gets stuck. Similarly, rotating the abutting cylinder 13 in the reverse direction can make the guide post 131 enter the second limiting part 1213 from the first limiting part 1212 and get stuck.

[0081] In an alternative embodiment, the lifting cylinder 12 is provided with a buckling hole 124, and the buckling hole 124 can be clamped with the control rear end 2 to realize the connection with the control rear end 2.

[0082] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 22 shown, to enable the lifting cylinder 12 to rotate stably relative to the outer shell 11, a buckling groove 113 is recessed on the inner wall of the outer shell 11. Along the axial direction of the outer shell 11, the buckling groove 113 is located between the folding cavity 111 and the spiral groove 112. As Figure 21 shown, the lifting cylinder 12 is provided with a protrusion 123 that rotatably cooperates with the buckling groove 113.

[0083] After the abutting cylinder 13 rotates into the inner cavity of the outer shell 11 under the cooperation of the guide post 131 and the spiral groove 112, through the clamping of the buckling groove 113 and the protrusion 123, the connection of the outer shell 11, the lifting cylinder 12 and the abutting cylinder 13 can be realized.

[0084] The structure of the control rear end 2 will be specifically described below: In an alternative embodiment, as Figures 24 to 28 shown, the control rear end 2 includes a push rod 21, a needle placing rod 22 and a control cylinder 23, where: A buckle 233 can be provided on the outer wall of the control cylinder 23, and the buckle 233 is clamped with the buckling hole 124 on the lifting cylinder 12; One end of the needle placing rod 22 extends into the control cylinder 23 and is connected to the control cylinder 23, and the other end extends out of the control cylinder 23. The inner wall of the needle placing rod 22 is provided with a mounting structure 221; One end of the push rod 21 extends into the control cylinder 23 and is sleeved outside the needle placing rod 22, and the other end extends out of the control cylinder 23 and is used to push the puncture kit 3. The push rod 21 is slidably matched with the control cylinder 23 along the axial direction of the control cylinder 23.

[0085] During use, the needle seat 33 can extend into the needle placing rod 22 and be connected to the mounting structure 221. Since the push rod 21 is slidably matched with the control cylinder 23 along the axial direction of the control cylinder 23, during the process of sliding the push rod 21 towards the distal end of the needle pen, as Figure 29 shown, when the abutting flap 132 is in the open state, the end of the push rod 21 can push the self-closing sleeve 32 at the proximal end of the puncture needle 31 towards the distal end of the puncture needle 31.

[0086] Therefore, in the above-described embodiments, the control rear end 2 can not only fix the needle holder 33, but also push the self-closing cannula 32, facilitating the user's surgical operation.

[0087] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 30 shown, the mounting structure 221 includes rib catches protruding from the inner wall of the needle placement rod 22, and the needle holder 33 is provided with a ring groove 331 that engages with the rib catches.

[0088] After the puncture kit 3 is used up, the rib catches and the ring groove 331 can be disengaged by clamping the puncture needle 31 with forceps, and the puncture kit 3 can be pulled out.

[0089] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 27 shown, a guiding hole 213 for pushing the puncture kit 3 is recessed at the end of the push rod.

[0090] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 27 and Figure 28 shown, the control cylinder 23 is provided with a guiding groove 231 along its own axial direction, and a plurality of control holes 232 are recessed in the inner wall of the control cylinder 23 and are distributed at intervals along the axial direction of the control cylinder 23; one end of the push rod 21 extending into the control cylinder 23 has a shaft head 211 and a control post 212 connected to the shaft head 211. The shaft head 211 extends out of the guiding groove 231 and is slidably engaged with the guiding groove 231 along the extending direction of the guiding groove 231. The control post 212 is configured to engage with any one of the control holes 232.

[0091] In the above-described embodiments, the limit during the sliding of the push rod 21 can be achieved, avoiding the sliding distance of the push rod 21 being too large or too small.

[0092] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 27 shown, a notch 214 is formed at one end of the push rod 21 extending into the control cylinder 23. The notch 214 is located on the side of the shaft head 211, so that when the user presses the shaft head 211, the end of the push rod 21 can be deformed, facilitating the control post 212 to disengage from the control hole 232.

[0093] In an alternative embodiment, as Figure 31 shown, the control rear end 2 includes a ranging cap 24, and the ranging cap 24 is connected to the control cylinder 23.

[0094] As Figure 31 shown, a plurality of scale points 241 are provided at one end of the ranging cap 24 away from the control cylinder 23. The plurality of scale points 241 are used to measure or position the incision location to help the doctor accurately puncture the sclera location.

[0095] During the surgical procedure, the incision location is usually 3 - 4 mm from the corneal limbus, as follows Figure 32 and Figure 33As shown, the measuring cap 24 provides a measuring scale distance d2 of 3 mm and a measuring scale distance d3 of 4 mm. In implementation, it is assumed that the plurality of scale points 241 include a first scale point 2411, a second scale point 2412 and a third scale point 2413. After the scale points 241 on the measuring cap 24 leave concave points on the human eye tissue, as shown in FIG. Figure 34 As shown, the puncture needle is inserted between the second scale point 2412 and the third scale point 2413.

[0096] The following is a detailed description of the use of the needle pen. When the first puncture is completed and the second puncture is performed, the lifting cylinder 12 is rotated so that the guide column 131 moves along the spiral groove 112 to the starting point of the track groove 121, and the shaft head 211 is pressed to push the push rod 21 downward. Figure 35 As shown, at this time, the guide hole 213 pushes the self-closing sleeve 32 at the proximal end to move toward the distal end. When the control column 212 moves into the next control hole 232, the push rod 21 stops moving to complete the exit of the second self-closing sleeve 32. Then, the lifting cylinder 12 is rotated in the reverse direction, so that the guide column 131 moves along the spiral groove 112 to the end point of the track groove 121. At this time, as shown in FIG. Figure 36 As shown, the top flap 132 cooperates with the retracting cavity 111 to start to retract, and the end face of the top flap 132 contacts the end face of the silicone cap at the end of the self-closing sleeve 32, completely ejecting the self-closing sleeve 32. When performing the third puncture, the rotary cylinder 12 is rotated so that the guide column 131 moves along the spiral groove 112 to the starting point of the track groove 121. Repeating the above steps can complete the removal of the last self-closing sleeve 32. After the self-closing sleeve 32 is used, the puncture needle 31 can be clamped with tweezers to pull out the puncture kit 3.

[0097] In an optional embodiment, if Figure 37 and Figure 38 As shown, the needle placement pen also includes a protective cap 4, which is buckled on the front end 1 of the grip to protect the puncture kit 3.

[0098] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A trocar, characterized in that, It includes a needle - placing pen and a puncture kit (3). The puncture kit (3) includes a tip. The tip includes a side - cutting surface (311) located on the side of the tip and an end - cutting surface (312) located on the end face of the tip. The side - cutting surface (311) gradually inclines towards the axis of the tip in the direction close to the end - cutting surface (312). The end - cutting surface (312) is connected to the side - cutting surface (311), and the end - cutting surface (312) is inclined with respect to the cross - section of the tip. The puncture kit (3) includes a puncture needle (31), a self - closing sleeve (32), and a needle holder (33). One end of the puncture needle (31) is the tip, and the other end is connected to the needle holder (33). A plurality of self - closing sleeves (32) are configured, and the plurality of self - closing sleeves (32) are sequentially sleeved outside the puncture needle (31) along the length direction of the puncture needle (31). The needle - placing pen includes a front holding part (1) and a rear positioning part (2). The front holding part (1) is connected to the rear positioning part (2). An installation channel for installing the puncture kit (3) is formed between the front holding part (1) and the rear positioning part (2). An installation structure (221) is provided on the surface of the rear positioning part (2) facing the installation channel, and the installation structure (221) is used for detachably connecting with the needle holder (33). The front holding part (1) includes a housing (11), a lifting cylinder (12), and a pressing cylinder (13). The lifting cylinder (12) is connected to the rear positioning part (2) and the lifting cylinder (12) is provided with a track groove (121). One end of the pressing cylinder (13) extends into the lifting cylinder (12) and has a guide post (131) that slidably cooperates with the track groove (121), and the other end extends out of the lifting cylinder (12) and has a pressing lobe (132). One end of the housing (11) is rotatably sleeved outside the lifting cylinder (12) and the pressing lobe (132), and the other end has a converging cavity (111). The inner wall of the housing (11) has a spiral groove (112) that cooperates with the guide post (131). The guide post (131) makes the pressing cylinder (13) approach or move away from the converging cavity (111) under the guidance of the spiral groove (112) and the track groove (121).

2. The trocar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The side - cutting surface (311) is configured as two. The two side - cutting surfaces (311) are oppositely arranged with respect to any longitudinal section of the tip, and the extending surfaces of the two side - cutting surfaces (311) towards the direction close to the end - cutting surface (312) intersect at the needle tip (34).

3. The trocar according to claim 2, characterized in that, The vertical distance between the plane where the end - cutting surface (312) is located and the needle tip (34) is 0.05 - 0.5 mm.

4. The trocar according to claim 2, characterized in that, Both of the two side - cutting surfaces (311) include a first cutting surface (3111), a second cutting surface (3112), and a third cutting surface (3113). Both the first cutting surface (3111) and the third cutting surface (3113) extend to the end - cutting surface (312) and intersect at the side of the tip to form a first cutting edge (3114). The second cutting edge surface (3112) is connected between the first cutting edge surface (3111) and the third cutting edge surface (3113) and extends towards the direction close to the end cutting edge surface (312) to the first cutting edge (3114). The second cutting edge surface (3112) and the first cutting edge surface (3111) intersect at the side of the tip to form a second cutting edge (3115). The second cutting edge surface (3112) and the third cutting edge surface (3113) intersect at the side of the tip to form a third cutting edge (3116).

5. The trocar according to claim 4, characterized in that, The end cutting edge surface (312) forms an angle of 120 - 160° with the longitudinal section; and / or, the angle between the two first cutting edges (3114) in the two side cutting edge surfaces (311) is 10 - 13°.

6. The trocar according to claim 4, wherein, The first cutting edge surfaces (3111) in the two side cutting edge surfaces (311) intersect to form a fourth cutting edge (3117). The third cutting edge surfaces (3113) in the two side cutting edge surfaces (311) intersect to form a fifth cutting edge (3118). The angle between the fourth cutting edge (3117) and the fifth cutting edge (3118) is 15 - 20°.

7. The trocar according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, The tip is coated with a coating, and the material of the coating is diamond - like carbon.

8. The trocar according to claim 1, characterized in that, The self - closing sleeve (32) includes a cap body (321), a sleeve base (322), and a channel tube (323); The sleeve base (322) is sleeved outside the channel tube (323); One end of the channel tube (323) is connected to the sleeve base (322), and the other end includes a transition section (3231) for reducing the puncture resistance. A convex part (3232) for connecting with a pressure - relief tube (5) is provided on the inner wall of the end of the channel tube (323) connected to the sleeve base (322); The cap body (321) is buckled on the sleeve base (322), and the cap body (321) has a notch (3211) for the puncture needle (31) to pass through.

Images