Zero-power self-circulation forest fire extinguishing system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of forest fire extinguishing, in particular to a zero-power self-circulation forest fire extinguishing system which comprises a thermosensitive fire detection tube, an air pressure valve, a fire extinguishing agent injection system, a monitoring probe and a wireless data transmission module. According to the system, automatic detection and fire extinguishing in the initial stage of a fire are achieved through the temperature sensing self-starting technology of the thermosensitive fire detection tube, and fire monitoring and data transmission are conducted by combining the high-precision gas sensor and the low-power-consumption communication technology. And the interaction platform provides fire behavior visual display, dynamic map tracking and remote control functions, so that the fire extinguishing efficiency is improved. According to the application, the fire response time can be remarkably shortened, the dependence on electric power and manpower is reduced, and an intelligent solution is provided for forest fire prevention and control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of forest fire prevention and control, and particularly relates to a zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system based on the temperature-sensing self-starting technology of a fire detection tube and an interaction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Forest fires are natural disasters with strong suddenness, difficult extinguishment, and posing a serious threat to the forest ecosystem and social economy. With the intensification of global warming and industrial activities, the conditions affecting the occurrence of forest fires are becoming increasingly complex, and the frequency of fires is continuously increasing, bringing huge losses to the ecological environment and human society. To meet the relevant requirements of climate action and terrestrial ecosystems in the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, the prevention and control of forest fires is particularly important. However, the existing forest fire prevention and control equipment and technologies still have significant deficiencies, especially in the rapid response and automated processing in the initial stage of a fire. Currently, the process of extinguishing forest fires mainly relies on manual discovery of the fire and the organization and allocation of fire extinguishing resources by local fire prevention headquarters, which usually takes a long time and is prone to the fire getting out of control. The existing fire extinguishing equipment mainly includes wind fire extinguishing equipment, water fire extinguishing equipment, and aerial fire extinguishing equipment, as well as modern tools such as forest fire extinguishing bombs and individual fire extinguishing equipment. Although these equipment have improved the fire extinguishing efficiency to a certain extent, they generally have problems such as the need for manual operation and long response time. Due to the fast spread speed and large changes of forest fires, in the case of delayed fire extinguishment, the fire situation may quickly worsen or even get out of control, thus threatening the safety of the forest ecosystem and firefighters.

[0003] In recent years, scholars at home and abroad have carried out a number of studies on forest fire prevention and extinguishment technologies, and intelligent and automated fire extinguishing methods have gradually become research hotspots. For example, the portable mountain water supply and fire extinguishing system realizes the efficient transportation of water resources through multi-stage fire pumps and relay water tanks; the technology of drones carrying fire extinguishing bombs improves the fire extinguishing efficiency by optimizing the shape, flight height, and capacity of the fire extinguishing bombs; the remote pneumatic fire cannon uses the kinetic energy of high-pressure gas for launching, further enhancing the fire extinguishing ability. In addition, foreign scholars have proposed innovative technologies such as fire adapters and two-way spiral devices to improve the fire prevention and control ability in complex terrains. However, most of these studies focus on the extinguishment in the later stage of a fire, still requiring a long response time and high manual dependence, and it is difficult to meet the demand for rapid response in the initial stage of a fire. Therefore, how to design a system that can autonomously sense the fire situation in the initial stage of a fire and quickly start the fire extinguishing mechanism has become a technical problem to be solved urgently.

[0004] In this context, the present invention proposes a zero-power self-circulating forest fire extinguishing system based on the temperature-sensing self-activation technology of a fire detection tube. This system senses changes in the ambient temperature through a thermal fire detection tube and combines the air pressure triggering principle to achieve the automatic spraying of fire extinguishing agent, without the need for external power drive, and has high environmental adaptability and reliability. At the same time, the system integrates a high-precision gas detection device and a wireless data transmission module, which can real-time monitor the change of gas concentration in the fire area and transmit the data to the interaction platform, providing accurate support for early fire warning and fire extinguishing decision-making. This design not only solves the problem of the high dependence of existing forest fire extinguishing equipment on electricity and manpower, but also significantly improves the response speed and extinguishing efficiency in the initial stage of the fire, providing a new technical path for the prevention and control of forest fires. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the problems of the existing forest fire extinguishing equipment's dependence on electricity and manpower, as well as the defects of long response time and difficulty in coping with the early development of fires, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system based on the temperature-sensing self-activation technology of a fire detection tube and its interaction method. The system includes a thermal fire detection tube, a pressure valve, a fire extinguishing agent spraying system, a monitoring probe, a wireless data transmission module and an interaction platform. Among them:

[0007] The thermal fire detection tube is made of a high molecular thermal sensitive material, and its interior is filled with gas at a predetermined pressure. When the ambient temperature reaches the set threshold, the fire detection tube undergoes physical explosion, triggering the subsequent fire extinguishing mechanism. The pressure valve is connected to the thermal fire detection tube through a sealed interface. When the internal air pressure of the fire detection tube suddenly decreases due to heat explosion, the mechanical switch of the pressure valve is opened under the action of the pressure difference, releasing the fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent spraying system includes an annular fire extinguishing tank and a spraying device. The annular fire extinguishing tank stores the fire extinguishing agent and releases the fire extinguishing agent from the spraying device to the fire source area through air pressure drive. Further, the spraying device is designed with a porous structure to ensure that the fire extinguishing agent evenly covers the fire source and inhibits the spread of the fire.

[0008] Further, the monitoring probe integrates a high-precision electrochemical gas sensor for real-time detection of the concentration changes of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and volatile organic compounds. The detection sensitivity range of the gas sensor is from 0.1 ppm to 1000 ppm, and the response time is within 3 seconds. The monitoring probe is connected to the wireless data transmission module through a signal line, compares the detected gas concentration data with the preset fire threshold, and generates a fire risk assessment report. In particular, the wireless data transmission module adopts low-power communication technology, including LoRa and ZigBee dual-mode communication methods. ZigBee is responsible for short-distance data collection, and LoRa is responsible for long-distance data transmission. The two achieve efficient data transmission through a hierarchical network structure.

[0009] Further, the interactive platform is named NF-ALERT, and its functions include visual display of fire data, dynamic map tracking, and remote control of fire extinguishing equipment. Users can access NF-ALERT through terminal devices to view the progress of the fire and the status information of fire extinguishers in real time. The interactive platform also includes a display module for the remaining amount of fire extinguishing agent and a monitoring module for the equipment wear status, which is convenient for subsequent maintenance and replenishment of the fire extinguishing agent. In particular, the interactive platform supports cross-departmental data docking, can be seamlessly integrated with the information systems of forestry, meteorology, and fire departments, and provides real-time fire sharing and decision-making support.

[0010] Further, the present invention provides an installation method for a zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system. The system is fixed between 1.5 meters and 2 meters above the ground of the tree trunk through a hoop structure. The hoop structure is composed of a spring tension system and a flexible high-elastic rubber material. Among them, the spring tension system ensures the stable installation of the device through pre-tightening force. The flexible high-elastic rubber material has ductility and can automatically adjust the diameter of the hoop with the growth of the tree to avoid damage to the tree bark. In particular, the hoop structure is also designed with anti-slip tooth patterns to enhance the adhesion of the device on the tree trunk.

[0011] Further, the working process of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0012] S1: Normal stage, when there is no fire, the fire extinguishing system is in a standby state, and NF-ALERT continuously displays the monitoring data;

[0013] S2: Prompt stage, when a local fire occurs, the thermal fire detection tube senses the change in ambient temperature, and at the same time, the monitoring probe detects abnormal gas concentration. NF-ALERT processes the front-end data and issues an alarm;

[0014] S3: Alarm stage, when the fire spreads, the thermal fire detection tube explodes due to high temperature, the pressure valve opens, and the fire extinguishing agent is ejected from the annular fire extinguishing tank to cover the fire area. NF-ALERT uses the front-end data to evaluate the disaster situation, generates a rescue plan and sends it to the relevant departments.

[0015] In particular, the present invention realizes zero-power operation through the temperature-sensing self-starting technology of the fire detection tube. The temperature response threshold of the thermal fire detection tube is set between 60°C and 120°C, and can be adjusted according to the specific needs of different forest environments. The design pressure range of the pressure valve is 0.5 MPa to 1.5 MPa to ensure that the fire extinguishing agent can be quickly released and cover the fire area. Further, the angle of the porous injection device of the fire extinguishing agent injection system is adjustable, and the injection direction forms an angle of 45° to 90° with the horizontal plane to meet the fire extinguishing requirements under different terrain conditions.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Through the temperature-sensitive fire detection tube temperature-sensing self-activation technology and the air pressure triggering principle, the system can achieve autonomous fire extinguishing without external power support, and is suitable for remote forest environments. The fast response characteristic of the system significantly shortens the fire fighting time and reduces the risk of fire spread. Through high-precision gas sensors and low-power wireless communication technology, accurate monitoring and real-time data transmission in the initial stage of the fire are realized, improving the fire warning ability. In addition, the interactive platform provides visual display of fire situation data and remote control functions, optimizing the collaborative operation efficiency of fire extinguishing equipment and extending the service life of the system.

[0017] In particular, the modular design of the present invention enables each component to be independently disassembled and replaced, facilitating maintenance and upgrading. The design of the loop clamp structure not only ensures the long-term stable installation of the device but also avoids damage to the tree bark, reflecting the concept of ecological environment protection. By combining intelligent monitoring and automated fire extinguishing technologies, the present invention provides an innovative solution for forest fire prevention and control, with important application value and social benefits. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the overall schematic diagram of the present invention;

[0019] Figure 2 is the schematic diagram of the temperature-sensing self-activation fire extinguishing mechanism of the fire detection tube of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 3 is the schematic diagram of the wireless data transmission process of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 4 is the schematic diagram of the interactive system interface of the present invention.

[0022] The reference numerals are as follows:

[0023] Thermal conduction probe; 2. Fire detection tube; 3. Monitoring probe; 4. Loop clamp structure; 5. Ring-shaped connecting piece; 6. Ring-shaped fire extinguishing tank; 7. Air pressure valve; 8. Device housing; 9. Spring tension system; 10. Flexible high-elastic rubber; 11. Thermal-sensitive thermal conduction probe; 12. Fire extinguishing agent spraying device; 13. Electrochemical gas sensor; 14. LoRa communication module; 15. ZigBee communication module; 16. NF-ALERT interactive platform interface; 17. Dynamic map tracking module; 18. Fire extinguishing agent storage margin display module; 19. Equipment loss status monitoring module. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0024] The present invention provides a zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system based on the temperature-sensing self-activation technology of a fire detection tube and its interaction method, in combination with the attached Figure 1 to the attached Figure 4And the reference numerals of each component are described in detail. The overall structure of the system includes a thermal fire detection tube 2, a pressure valve 7, a fire extinguishing agent spraying device 12, a monitoring probe 3, a wireless data transmission module, and an interactive platform NF-ALERT interface 16. The following describes the specific implementation manners of the present invention through specific operating principles and actual application scenarios.

[0025] As shown in the Figure 1 accompanying drawings, the overall structure of the present invention is fixed between 1.5 meters and 2 meters above the ground of the tree trunk through a hoop structure 4. The hoop structure 4 is composed of a spring tension system 9 and a flexible high-elastic rubber 10. Among them, the spring tension system 9 ensures the stable installation of the device on the tree trunk through a pre-tightening force, while the flexible high-elastic rubber 10 has ductility and can automatically adjust the hoop diameter as the tree grows, thereby avoiding damage to the tree bark. In addition, the hoop structure 4 is designed with anti-slip tooth patterns, which enhances the adhesion of the device to the tree trunk and ensures its long-term stable operation. The annular connecting member 5 tightly connects components such as the heat conduction probe 1, the fire detection tube 2, the monitoring probe 3, and the annular fire extinguishing tank 6 to form an integrated fire extinguishing device.

[0026] The fire detection tube 2 is the core trigger component of the entire system. It is made of a polymer thermal-sensitive material and is filled with gas at a predetermined pressure inside. When the ambient temperature reaches the set threshold, the fire detection tube 2 will undergo a physical explosion under the action of high temperature, resulting in a sudden decrease in the internal air pressure. This change is transmitted to the pressure valve 7 through a sealed interface. The design pressure range of the pressure valve 7 is 0.5 MPa to 1.5 MPa. Under the action of the pressure difference, the mechanical switch is opened to release the fire extinguishing agent in the annular fire extinguishing tank 6. The fire extinguishing agent is released to the fire source area through the fire extinguishing agent spraying device 12 with a porous structure. The spraying direction can be adjusted at an angle with the horizontal plane within the range of 45° to 90° to meet the fire extinguishing requirements under different terrain conditions. The design of the spraying device 12 ensures that the fire extinguishing agent evenly covers the fire source area, thereby suppressing the spread of the fire. The temperature response threshold of the fire detection tube 2 is set between 60°C and 120°C and can be adjusted according to the specific requirements of different forest environments. For example, the response threshold can be appropriately reduced in dry areas, while it can be increased in humid areas.

[0027] The monitoring probe 3 integrates a high-precision electrochemical gas sensor 13 for real-time detection of the concentration changes of carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and volatile organic compounds. The detection sensitivity range of the gas sensor 13 is from 0.1 ppm to 1000 ppm, and the response time does not exceed 3 seconds, ensuring the rapid capture of abnormal gas signals in the initial stage of a fire. The monitoring probe 3 transmits the detected data to the wireless data transmission module through a signal line. This module adopts a dual-mode communication method of a LoRa communication module 14 and a ZigBee communication module 15. The ZigBee communication module 15 is responsible for short-distance data collection, and the LoRa communication module 14 is responsible for long-distance data transmission. The two achieve efficient data transmission through a hierarchical network structure. The wireless data transmission module sends the monitoring data to the forestry department's forest fire early warning monitoring service system, and combines the GPRS technology to complete data upload using the mobile Internet during the transmission process. After comparing the monitoring data with the preset fire threshold, a fire risk assessment report is generated to provide accurate reference information for early warning and fire extinguishing decision-making.

[0028] The functional modules of the NF-ALERT interface 16 of the interaction platform include a dynamic map tracking module 17, a fire extinguishing agent storage margin display module 18, and a device loss status monitoring module 19. Users can access the NF-ALERT interface 16 through a terminal device to view the fire situation progress and the status information of fire extinguishers in real time. The dynamic map tracking module 17 supports the visual display of fire situation data, and users can understand the location of the fire source and the trend of fire spread through the map interface. The fire extinguishing agent storage margin display module 18 updates the remaining amount of the fire extinguishing agent in the annular fire extinguishing tank 6 in real time, facilitating the subsequent replenishment of the fire extinguishing agent. The device loss status monitoring module 19 records the loss situation of the fire extinguisher and reminds users to replace or maintain relevant components in a timely manner. The NF-ALERT interface 16 of the interaction platform also supports cross-departmental data docking, seamlessly integrating with the information systems of the forestry, meteorological, and fire departments to provide real-time fire situation sharing and decision-making support.

[0029] The working process of the present invention is as follows: In stage S1, when there is no fire in the normal stage, the fire extinguishing system is in a standby state, and the NF-ALERT interface 16 continuously displays monitoring data, including parameters such as environmental temperature, humidity, and gas concentration. In stage S2, when a local fire occurs in the prompt stage, the heat conduction probe 1 senses the change in environmental temperature, and at the same time, the monitoring probe 3 detects abnormal gas concentration. The NF-ALERT interface 16 processes the front-end data and issues an alarm. At this time, the system sends the alarm information to the relevant departments through the wireless data transmission module and marks the location of the fire source on the dynamic map tracking module 17. In stage S3, when the fire spreads in the alarm stage, the fire detection tube 2 bursts due to high temperature, the pressure valve 7 opens, and the fire extinguishing agent is ejected from the annular fire extinguishing tank 6 to cover the fire source area. The NF-ALERT interface 16 uses the front-end data to evaluate the disaster situation, generates a rescue plan and sends it to the relevant departments to assist the dispatching center in resource deployment.

[0030] The actual application scenarios of the present invention are as follows: Suppose a fire breaks out in a remote forest area. Due to the lack of power supply and inconvenient transportation in this area, it is difficult for traditional fire extinguishing equipment to respond quickly. The zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system of the present invention can achieve autonomous fire extinguishing without external power through the temperature-sensing self-starting technology of the thermal fire detection tube 2. When the ambient temperature reaches 80°C, the fire detection tube 2 undergoes a physical explosion, the air pressure valve 7 opens, and the fire extinguishing agent is ejected from the annular fire extinguishing tank 6 to cover the fire source area. At the same time, the monitoring probe 3 detects a significant increase in carbon dioxide concentration, and the electrochemical gas sensor 13 uploads the data to the forest fire early warning and monitoring service system of the forestry department through the wireless data transmission module. After receiving the data, the NF-ALERT interface 16 issues an alarm and marks the location of the fire source on the dynamic map tracking module 17, showing the trend of fire spread. Users remotely control the fire extinguishing equipment through terminal devices for linkage spraying to form a fire extinguishing network, effectively curbing the spread of the fire.

[0031] The modular design of the present invention enables each component to be independently disassembled and replaced, facilitating maintenance and upgrading. For example, when the fire extinguishing agent in the annular fire extinguishing tank 6 is exhausted, users can quickly replace the new fire extinguishing tank through the annular connecting piece 5. In addition, the design of the flexible high-elastic rubber 10 not only ensures the long-term stable installation of the device but also avoids damage to the tree bark, reflecting the concept of ecological environment protection. By combining intelligent monitoring and automatic fire extinguishing technologies, the present invention significantly shortens the fire fighting time, reduces the risk of fire spread, improves the fire early warning ability, provides an innovative solution for forest fire prevention and control, and has important application value and social benefits.

Claims

1. A zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system based on the fire detection tube temperature-sensing self-activation technology, characterized in that It includes a heat-sensitive fire detection tube (2), a pressure valve (7), a fire extinguishing agent spraying device (12), a monitoring probe (3), a wireless data transmission module, and an interaction platform (16). The heat-sensitive fire detection tube (2) is made of a polymer heat-sensitive material and filled with gas at a predetermined pressure inside. The pressure valve (7) is connected to the heat-sensitive fire detection tube (2) through a sealed interface. The fire extinguishing agent spraying device (12) includes an annular fire extinguishing tank (6) and a spraying device with a porous structure. The monitoring probe (3) integrates an electrochemical gas sensor (13). The wireless data transmission module includes a LoRa communication module (14) and a ZigBee communication module (15).

2. The zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that The temperature response threshold of the heat-sensitive fire detection tube (2) is 60°C to 120°C.

3. The zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system according to claim 2, wherein The design pressure range of the pressure valve (7) is 0.5 MPa to 1.5 MPa.

4. The zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that The included angle between the spraying direction of the fire extinguishing agent spraying device (12) and the horizontal plane is 45° to 90°.

5. The zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that The detection sensitivity range of the electrochemical gas sensor (13) of the monitoring probe (3) is 0.1 ppm to 1000 ppm, and the response time does not exceed 3 seconds.

6. The zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, wherein The wireless data transmission module adopts a hierarchical network structure. The ZigBee communication module (15) is responsible for short-distance data acquisition, and the LoRa communication module (14) is responsible for long-distance data transmission.

7. The zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, wherein The interaction platform (16) includes a dynamic map tracking module (17), a fire extinguishing agent storage margin display module (18), and a device loss status monitoring module (19).

8. The zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that The system is fixed between 1.5 meters and 2 meters above the ground on the tree trunk through a hoop structure (4). The hoop structure (4) consists of a spring tension system (9) and a flexible high-elastic rubber (10).

9. The zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system according to claim 8, wherein The hoop structure (4) is designed with anti-slip tooth patterns. The zero-power automatic fire extinguishing system according to claim 1, characterized in that The porous structure of the fire extinguishing agent spraying device (12) ensures that the fire extinguishing agent evenly covers the fire source area.

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