Coal floating and sinking device, coal floating and sinking system and coal floating and sinking method

Abstract

The application discloses a coal float-and-sink device, a coal float-and-sink system and a coal float-and-sink method, relates to the technical field of coal mining, and the solution preparation structure of the coal float-and-sink device is used for preparing a float-and-sink solution, the solution preparation structure is connected with the float-and-sink structure, the float-and-sink structure is used for floating material, the float-and-sink structure is provided with a stirring structure, the float-and-sink structure is connected with a collection structure, the collection structure is used for collecting the material floated out of the float-and-sink structure, the collection structure is connected with a washing structure, and the washing structure is used for washing the material in the collection structure. The crushing equipment of the coal float-and-sink system is used for crushing the material, the weighing equipment is used for weighing the crushed material and the dried material, and the robot is used for putting the weighed material into the float-and-sink structure and putting the washed material in the collection structure into the drying equipment. The application ensures the precision of the float-and-sink solution and the sufficient separation of the material.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal mining, in particular to a coal floating and sinking device, a coal floating and sinking system and a coal floating and sinking method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Coal will mix with a part of gangue in the process of mining, and the gangue is an important reason for increasing the ash content of coal, which seriously affects the quality of coal. In the process of coal utilization, the coal is usually treated by flotation to remove most of the gangue and part of the primary minerals in the coal. Usually, the coal is put into a solution with a certain density, and the gangue with a density greater than that of the solution sinks to the bottom of the solution, and the coal with a density less than that of the solution floats on the surface of the solution. By adjusting the density of the solution, coal with different floating ratios is obtained. According to the density of the solution and the floating ratio of the coal, the density of the solution required in the flotation is calculated. The process is usually operated manually in actual production, which is labor-intensive and the result is easily disturbed by human factors. In addition, the existing floating and sinking separation is operated in the same barrel, which is easily affected by human factors, personnel fatigue, and insufficient separation of materials. When the floating material is manually collected, the bottom sinking material is easily collected together, causing deviation of the result. SUMMARY

[0003] The present application provides a coal floating and sinking device, a coal floating and sinking system and a coal floating and sinking method to solve the problems existing in the prior art and ensure the precision of the floating and sinking solution and the sufficient separation of materials.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following solutions:

[0005] The present application provides a coal floating and sinking device, which comprises a floating and sinking structure, a solution preparation structure, a collection structure and a flushing structure. The floating and sinking structure and the collection structure are one-to-one corresponding. The solution preparation structure is used for preparing a floating and sinking solution, and the solution preparation structure is connected with the floating and sinking structure. The floating and sinking structure is used for floating material, and the floating and sinking structure is provided with a stirring structure. The floating and sinking structure is connected with the collection structure, and the collection structure is used for collecting the material floated out by the floating and sinking structure. The collection structure is connected with the flushing structure, and the flushing structure is used for flushing the material in the collection structure.

[0006] Preferably, the sink-float structure comprises a sink-float barrel and a sink-float screen located in the sink-float barrel, the sink-float screen is detachably connected with the sink-float barrel, the sink-float barrel is provided with a flotation feed port, a flotation discharge port, a liquid inlet port, a liquid return port and a sink-float barrel solution port, the flotation discharge port is connected with the collection structure, a switch door is arranged at the flotation discharge port, the liquid inlet port and the liquid return port are connected with the solution preparation structure, and the sink-float barrel solution port is connected with the collection structure.

[0007] Preferably, an isolation screen is arranged between the sink-float screen and the stirring structure, the aperture of the isolation screen is smaller than the aperture of the sink-float screen.

[0008] Preferably, a first liquid level sensor and a first material sensor are arranged in the sink-float structure, the position of the first liquid level sensor is lower than that of the first material sensor, the first liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level of the sink-float solution in the sink-float structure, and the position of the first material sensor corresponds to the position of the flotation discharge port, and the first material sensor is used to detect whether there is flotation material at the height of the flotation discharge port.

[0009] Preferably, the collection structure comprises a collection barrel and a collection screen located in the collection barrel, the collection screen is detachably connected with the collection barrel, the collection barrel is provided with a collection feed port and a collection barrel solution port, and the collection feed port and the collection barrel solution port are connected with the sink-float structure, and the flotation material of the sink-float structure enters the collection screen in the collection barrel through the collection feed port.

[0010] Preferably, a second liquid level sensor and a second material sensor are arranged in the collection structure, the second liquid level sensor is used to detect the liquid level of the sink-float solution in the collection structure, the second material sensor is located between the upper end of the collection screen and the bottom of the collection screen, and the second material sensor is used to detect whether the material in the collection screen reaches the position where the second material sensor is located.

[0011] Preferably, the flushing structure comprises a circulating pump, the circulating pump is connected with the collection structure, liquid enters the collection structure through the circulating pump to flush the material in the collection structure, and the circulation of the liquid is realized through the circulating pump, and the cleaned liquid is discharged through the circulating pump; the circulating pump is provided with a densimeter and a heating structure, the densimeter is used to detect the density of the liquid passing through the circulating pump, and the heating structure is used to heat the liquid passing through the circulating pump.

[0012] Preferably, a stirring driving structure is further included, the stirring driving structure is located outside the sink-float structure, and the stirring driving structure is magnetically coupled with the stirring structure.

[0013] The application discloses a coal floatation and sinking system, which comprises a crushing device, a robot, a drying device, a weighing device and the coal floatation and sinking device, the crushing device is used for crushing materials, the weighing device is used for weighing the crushed materials and the dried materials, and the robot is used for putting the weighed materials into the floatation and sinking structure and putting the washed materials in the collecting structure into the drying device.

[0014] The application discloses a coal floatation and sinking method using the coal floatation and sinking system.

[0015] The preparation stage: a floatation and sinking solution is prepared by using a solution preparation structure, materials are crushed by using a crushing device, and then the crushed materials are weighed by using a robot;

[0016] The floatation stage: when the materials are subjected to floatation only once, one floatation and sinking structure and one collecting structure are used, the weighed materials are put into the floatation and sinking structure by the robot, the floatation and sinking solution in the solution preparation structure is introduced into the floatation and sinking structure and the collecting structure, the stirring structure in the floatation and sinking structure is started, the materials with a density higher than that of the floatation and sinking solution sink, the materials with a density lower than that of the floatation and sinking solution float upwards, and the floated materials enter the collecting structure;

[0017] When the materials are subjected to floatation at least twice, the number of floatation times corresponds to the number of floatation and sinking structures and the number of collecting structures, the weighed materials are put into the floatation and sinking structure at the first stage by the robot, the floatation and sinking solution at the first stage in the solution preparation structure is introduced into the floatation and sinking structure at the first stage and the collecting structure at the first stage, the stirring structure in the floatation and sinking structure at the first stage is started, the materials with a density higher than that of the floatation and sinking solution at the first stage sink, the materials with a density lower than that of the floatation and sinking solution at the first stage float upwards, and the floated materials enter the collecting structure at the first stage; the materials sinking in the floatation and sinking structure at the first stage are taken out and put into the floatation and sinking structure at the second stage, the solution preparation structure is started, the floatation and sinking solution at the second stage is adjusted to a corresponding density, the floatation and sinking solution at the second stage in the solution preparation structure is introduced into the floatation and sinking structure at the second stage and the collecting structure at the second stage, the density of the floatation and sinking solution at the second stage is higher than that of the floatation and sinking solution at the first stage, the stirring structure in the floatation and sinking structure at the second stage is started, the materials with a density higher than that of the floatation and sinking solution at the second stage sink, the materials with a density lower than that of the floatation and sinking solution at the second stage float upwards, and the floated materials enter the collecting structure at the second stage; the process is repeated until the materials at the last stage are subjected to floatation, and in the floatation process, the density of the floatation and sinking solution at the next stage is higher than that of the floatation and sinking solution at the previous stage, so that the floatation of materials with different densities can be realized;

[0018] The washing stage: the materials in each collecting structure are washed by using a washing structure;

[0019] Drying stage: the rinsed material is placed into a drying device by a robot, and then the dried material is placed into a weighing device by a robot for weighing.

[0020] The present application has the following technical effects relative to the prior art:

[0021] The present application uses a solution preparation structure to replace manual solution preparation, and the solution density is more accurate; the present application is provided with a floating and sinking structure and a collection structure, the collection structure is used for collecting the floated material, and the floating and sinking structure is used for collecting the sunk material, thereby avoiding the problem that the traditional manual operation in the same barrel easily mixes the sunk material at the bottom into the floated material. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only constitute some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0023] Figure 1 A coal floating and sinking device in some embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0024] Figure 2 A coal floating and sinking system in some embodiments of the present application is shown in the figure.

[0025] In the figure: 1-floating and sinking barrel; 2-floated material; 3-sunk material; 4-stirring blade; 5-active magnetic coupler; 6-switching door; 7-floated material channel; 8-collection barrel; 9-collected material; 10-collection screen; 11-first pipeline; 12-water pump; 13-second pipeline; 14-driving motor; 15-solution preparation structure; 16-liquid inlet pipeline; 17-circulating pump; 18-second circulating pipeline; 19-transmission structure; 20-passive magnetic coupler; 21-floating and sinking screen; 22-first liquid level sensor; 23-first material sensor; 24-second liquid level sensor; 25-second material sensor; 26-liquid return pipeline; 27-first circulating pipeline; 28-crushing device; 29-drying device; 30-robot; 31-weighing device; 32-floating and sinking structure; 33-collection structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The purpose of this invention is to provide a coal flotation and sinking device, a coal flotation and sinking system, and a coal flotation and sinking method to solve the problems existing in the prior art and ensure the accuracy of the flotation and sinking solution and the full separation of materials.

[0028] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a coal flotation device for flotating coal, including: a flotation structure 32, a solution preparation structure 15, a collection structure 33, and a washing structure. There is at least one flotation structure 32 and one collection structure 33, and they correspond one-to-one. The solution preparation structure 15 is used to prepare the flotation solution and is connected to the flotation structure 32. The flotation structure 32 is used to flotate the material, which is coal. A stirring structure is provided inside the flotation structure 32. The flotation structure 32 is connected to the collection structure 33, which is used to collect the floating material 2 from the flotation structure 32. The collection structure 33 is connected to the washing structure, which is used to wash the collected material 9 in the collection structure 33. This embodiment uses a solution preparation structure 15 instead of manually preparing the solution, resulting in a more accurate solution density. This embodiment also includes a floating and sinking structure 32 and a collection structure 33. The collection structure 33 is used to collect the floating material 2, and the floating and sinking structure 32 is used to collect the sinking material 3. This avoids the problem of traditional manual operation in the same container, which can easily mix the sinking material at the bottom with the floating material.

[0031] In some embodiments, the solution preparation structure 15 can automatically prepare a float-sink solution in a specified ratio. The solution preparation structure 15 is an automatic density liquid preparation machine. The solution preparation structure 15 contains the solvent required for preparing the float-sink solution. After being mixed evenly with added water, the density is measured by a density meter inside the solution preparation structure 15. If the measured density is lower than a specified density, the solvent is automatically added; if the measured density is higher than the specified density, water is automatically added. After preparation, the float-sink solution is ready for use. In this embodiment, the solution preparation structure 15 can automatically prepare the float-sink solution, replacing manual preparation, and the density of the float-sink solution is more accurate.

[0032] In some embodiments, the sink-float structure 32 comprises a sink-float barrel 1 and a sink-float screen 21 located in the sink-float barrel 1, the sink-float screen 21 is basket-shaped, the sink-float screen 21 is detachably connected with the sink-float barrel 1, the sink-float screen 21 allows the sink-float solution to pass through and blocks the material from passing through, facilitating the taking of the sink-float screen 21, the sink-float barrel 1 is provided with a flotation feed port, a flotation discharge port, a liquid inlet port, a liquid return port, and a sink-float barrel 1 solution port, the flotation discharge port is connected with the collection structure 33, the flotation discharge port is provided with a switch door 6, the switch door 6 can be opened and closed by a driving structure, for example, a cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder or an electric push rod, etc. structure pushes the switch door 6 in the horizontal direction or the vertical direction to realize opening and closing, when the switch door 6 is opened, the floated material 2 can pass through the switch door 6 and enter the collection structure 33, the liquid inlet port is connected with the solution preparation structure 15 through the liquid inlet pipeline 16, the liquid return port is connected with the solution preparation structure 15 through the liquid return pipeline 26, the sink-float barrel 1 solution port is connected with the collection structure 33, and a water pump 12 is arranged on the pipeline between the sink-float barrel 1 solution port and the collection barrel 8 solution port of the collection structure 33. The sink-float solution in the solution preparation structure 15 enters the sink-float barrel 1 through the liquid inlet port, and the sink-float solution in the sink-float barrel 1 returns to the solution preparation structure 15 through the liquid return port, so that the density of the sink-float solution can be detected in real time and the density of the sink-float solution can be ensured to remain unchanged.

[0033] In some embodiments, since the sink-float screen 21 is detachably connected with the sink-float barrel 1, after the sink-float is completed, the sink-float screen 21 can be taken out manually or by a machine and placed in the collection barrel 8 of the collection structure 33, and the submerged material 3 can be washed by the flushing structure after the floated material 2 is washed.

[0034] In some embodiments, the stirring structure is located below the sink-float screen 21, and a separation screen is arranged between the sink-float screen 21 and the stirring structure, the aperture of the separation screen is smaller than the aperture of the sink-float screen 21. The stirring structure comprises stirring blades 4 and a passive magnetic coupler 20, the stirring blades 4 are connected with the passive magnetic coupler 20, the stirring blades 4 can be replaced periodically after being worn out, and the separation screen can isolate the material particles leaked from the sink-float screen 21.

[0035] In some embodiments, the stirring driving structure is located outside the float-and-sink structure 32 and is magnetically coupled with the stirring structure. The stirring driving structure of the present embodiment comprises a driving motor 14 and a driving magnetic coupler 5, the driving motor 14 drives the driving magnetic coupler 5 to rotate through a transmission structure 19, the transmission structure 19 comprises a first transmission shaft and a second transmission shaft, one end of the first transmission shaft is connected with the power output end of the driving motor 14, the other end of the first transmission shaft is provided with a first bevel gear, one end of the second transmission shaft is provided with a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear, and the other end of the second transmission shaft is connected with a driven magnetic coupler 20. The driving motor 14 drives the driving magnetic coupler 5 to rotate, the driving magnetic coupler 5 is magnetically coupled with the driven magnetic coupler 20 to transmit torque, thereby realizing the rotation of the stirring blade 4. The driving motor 14 can drive the stirring blade 4 to rotate forward and reverse, and the rotation speed and time of the stirring blade 4 can be adjusted. Through the stirring of the stirring blade 4, the material can be accelerated to disperse in the float-and-sink solution.

[0036] In some embodiments, the float-and-sink structure 32 is provided with a first liquid level sensor 22 and a first material sensor 23, the first liquid level sensor 22 is located lower than the first material sensor 23, the first liquid level sensor 22 is used to detect the liquid level of the float-and-sink solution in the float-and-sink structure 32, and the first material sensor 23 is located corresponding to the position of the flotation discharge port and is used to detect whether there is floated material at the height of the flotation discharge port. When the liquid level of the float-and-sink solution rises to a certain specified height, the switch door 6 is opened, the material enters the collection structure 33, and the material floating on the liquid surface of the float-and-sink solution is continuously reduced. When the first material sensor 23 detects no material signal, it is judged that the floated material 2 has all entered the collection structure 33.

[0037] In some embodiments, the collection structure 33 comprises a collection barrel 8 and a collection screen 10 located in the collection barrel 8, the collection screen 10 can pass the float-and-sink solution and isolate the material, the collection screen 10 is detachably connected with the collection barrel 8, the collection screen 10 is in the shape of a basket, the top of the collection screen 10 is provided with a handle for easy manual or machine removal, the collection barrel 8 is provided with a collection inlet and a collection barrel 8 solution port, the collection inlet is connected with the float-and-sink barrel 1 through the float channel 7, the collection barrel 8 solution port, the first pipeline 11, the circulating pump 17, the second pipeline 13 and the float-and-sink barrel 1 solution port are connected in sequence, and the floated material of the float-and-sink structure 32 enters the collection screen 10 in the collection barrel 8 through the collection inlet to become the collected material 9.

[0038] In some embodiments, the collecting structure 33 is provided with a second liquid level sensor 24 for detecting the liquid level of the sink-float solution in the collecting structure 33, and a second material sensor 25 located between the upper end of the collecting screen 10 and the bottom of the collecting screen 10, for detecting whether the material in the collecting screen 10 reaches the position where the second material sensor 25 is located, so as to avoid the additional loss of the material due to the height of the material exceeding the upper edge of the collecting screen 10.

[0039] In some embodiments, the number of the first liquid level sensor 22, the first material sensor 23, the second liquid level sensor 24 and the second material sensor 25 can be set as needed. The first material sensor 23 and the second material sensor 25 can be a capacitive sensor, a dielectric constant sensor, or a microswitch sensor, and are preferably a dielectric constant sensor.

[0040] In some embodiments, the flushing structure includes a circulating pump 17, the upper part of the collecting structure 33 is provided with a first circulating pipeline 27, the lower part of the collecting structure 33 is provided with a second circulating pipeline 18, the first circulating pipeline 27 and the second circulating pipeline 18 are connected with the circulating pump 17, the liquid (clean water) enters the circulating pump 17 through the clean water inlet of the circulating pump 17, then enters the collecting structure 33 through the second circulating pipeline 18 to flush the material 9 collected in the collecting structure 33, the liquid in the collecting structure 33 flows back to the circulating pump 17 through the first circulating pipeline 27, and the circulation of the liquid is realized by the circulating pump 17, after the cleaning is completed, the liquid in the collecting structure 33 flows to the circulating pump 17 through the first circulating pipeline 27, and then is discharged from the sewage discharge port of the circulating pump 17; the circulating pump 17 is provided with a densimeter and a heating structure, the densimeter is used to detect the density of the liquid passing through the circulating pump 17, when it is detected that the density of the circulating liquid does not change, it means that the cleaning is completed, or after a certain number of cleaning, it is considered that the cleaning is completed, the heating structure is used to heat the liquid passing through the circulating pump 17, the heating structure can preheat the clean water to be used, and the flushing with the heated clean water can clean the residual sink-float solution more quickly. In this embodiment, the liquid is preferably clean water, which enters the circulating pump 17 through the clean water inlet of the circulating pump 17, then enters the collecting structure 33 through the inlet at the lower part of the collecting structure 33 through the second circulating pipeline 18, then flows out to the first circulating pipeline 27 through the outlet at the upper part of the collecting structure 33, then realizes the circulation under the action of the circulating pump 17, and after several cycles, is discharged from the sewage discharge port of the circulating pump 17, and then clean water is added again.

[0041] The embodiment adopts the solution preparation structure 15 to replace the manual solution preparation, and the solution density is more accurate; the floating and sinking operation process is completely replaced by a machine, the process can be monitored, each step is standardized operation, and the result is less affected by human factors; the embodiment is provided with the floating and sinking structure 32 and the collection structure 33, the collection structure 33 is used for collecting the floated material 2, and the floating and sinking structure 32 is used for collecting the sunk material 3, so that the problem that the sunk material at the bottom is mixed into the floated material in the traditional manual operation in the same barrel is avoided; the embodiment drives the stirring blade 4 to rotate by using the magnetic coupling mode, and the stirring blade 4 in the floating and sinking barrel 1 and the stirring driving structure adopt a non-contact mode to transmit torque, there is no direct physical contact, the phenomena such as material blockage, wear and corrosion of power are avoided, and the stirring efficiency and quality are further improved.

[0042] Embodiment two

[0043] As shown in Figure 2 The embodiment discloses a coal floating and sinking system, which comprises a crushing device 28, a robot 30, a drying device 29, a weighing device 31 and the coal floating and sinking device of the embodiment one, the crushing device 28 is used for crushing the material, the weighing device 31 is used for weighing the crushed material and the dried material, and the robot 30 is used for putting the weighed material into the floating and sinking structure 32 and putting the washed material in the collection structure 33 into the drying device 29.

[0044] In some embodiments, the crushing device 28 can be one or a combination of common roller crushers, jaw crushers and hammer crushers.

[0045] Embodiment three

[0046] The embodiment discloses a coal floating and sinking method using a coal floating and sinking system, which comprises the following steps.

[0047] Preparation stage: according to requirements, the solution preparation structure 15 is used to prepare the floating and sinking solution, the crushing device 28 is used to crush the material to a suitable particle size, and then the robot 30 or manual operation is used to put the crushed material into the weighing device 31 for weighing;

[0048] The floatation stage: when the material is only floated once, a floatation structure 32 and a collection structure 33 are used, the weighed material is put into the floatation structure 32 by the robot 30, the floatation solution in the solution preparation structure 15 is introduced into the floatation structure 32, at this time the switch door 6 is closed, the water pump 12 is started to make the floatation solution enter the collection structure 33, the liquid level of the floatation solution in the floatation structure 32 is located at the edge of the top of the switch door 6, the liquid level of the floatation solution in the collection structure 33 is located in the middle of the collection structure 33, that is, the floatation solution in the collection structure 33 cannot enter the floatation structure 32 from the collection inlet, the driving motor 14 is started to drive the active magnetic coupling 5 to rotate, the active magnetic coupling 5 is magnetically coupled with the passive magnetic coupling 20, and then the rotation of the stirring blade 4 is realized, the material with a density higher than that of the floatation solution sinks, the material with a density lower than that of the floatation solution floats up, after the material is fully separated, the switch door 6 is opened, the floated material 2 enters the collection screen 10 in the collection structure 33, and the sunk material 3 exists in the floatation screen 21 in the floatation structure 32; the water pump 12 is started at the same time when the switch door 6 is opened, the floatation solution in the collection structure 33 enters the floatation structure 32 through the first pipeline 11 and the second pipeline 13, so that the floatation solution in the floatation structure 32 is increased, the liquid level of the floatation solution is raised, the floatation solution with the floated material 2 enters the collection structure 33, when there is no floated material 2 in the floatation structure 32, the floatation solution returns to the solution preparation structure 15 from the collection structure 33 and the floatation structure 32, is prepared again, and is prepared for use;

[0049] When the material is floated for at least two times, the number of times of floating corresponds to the number of float-and-sink structures 32 and the number of collection structures 33, the number of solution preparation structures 15 can be one or the same as the number of float-and-sink structures 32, the weighed material is put into the first-stage float-and-sink structure 32 by the robot 30, the first-stage float-and-sink solution in the solution preparation structure 15 is introduced into the first-stage float-and-sink structure 32, the switch door 6 is closed at this time, the water pump 12 is started to make the float-and-sink solution enter the first-stage collection structure 33, the liquid level of the float-and-sink solution in the first-stage float-and-sink structure 32 is located at the edge of the top of the switch door 6, the liquid level of the float-and-sink solution in the first-stage collection structure 33 is located in the middle of the first-stage collection structure 33, that is, the float-and-sink solution in the first-stage collection structure 33 cannot enter the first-stage float-and-sink structure 32 from the collection inlet, the driving motor 14 in the first-stage float-and-sink structure 32 is started to drive the rotation of the driving magnetic coupler 5, the driving magnetic coupler 5 is magnetically coupled with the passive magnetic coupler 20, and then the rotation of the stirring blade 4 is realized, the material with a density higher than that of the first-stage float-and-sink solution sinks, the material with a density lower than that of the first-stage float-and-sink solution floats, after the material is fully separated, the switch door 6 is opened, the floated material 2 enters the collection screen 10 of the first-stage collection structure 33, the water pump 12 is started at the same time when the switch door 6 is opened, the float-and-sink solution in the first-stage collection structure 33 enters the first-stage float-and-sink structure 32 through the first pipeline 11 and the second pipeline 13, so that the float-and-sink solution in the first-stage float-and-sink structure 32 increases, the liquid level of the float-and-sink solution rises, the float-and-sink solution with the floated material 2 enters the first-stage collection structure 33, when there is no floated material 2 in the first-stage float-and-sink structure 32, the float-and-sink solution returns from the first-stage collection structure 33 and the first-stage float-and-sink structure 32 to the solution preparation structure 15, is prepared again, and is ready for use;The material in the first stage of the floating and sinking structure 32 is taken out and put into the second stage of the floating and sinking structure 32. When the material in the first stage of the floating and sinking structure 32 is put into the second stage of the floating and sinking structure 32, part of the first stage of the floating and sinking solution will be taken into the second stage of the floating and sinking structure 32 at the same time. Therefore, at this time, the solution preparation structure 15 is started to adjust the density of the second stage of the floating and sinking solution. The second stage of the floating and sinking solution is adjusted to the corresponding density to avoid density distortion. Then, the second stage of the floating and sinking solution in the solution preparation structure 15 is introduced into the second stage of the floating and sinking structure 32. The density of the second stage of the floating and sinking solution is higher than that of the first stage of the floating and sinking solution. At this time, the switch door 6 is closed, and the water pump 12 is started to make the floating and sinking solution enter the second stage of the collection structure 33. The liquid level of the floating and sinking solution in the second stage of the floating and sinking structure 32 is located at the edge of the top of the switch door 6. The liquid level of the floating and sinking solution in the second stage of the collection structure 33 is located in the middle of the second stage of the collection structure 33, that is, the floating and sinking solution in the second stage of the collection structure 33 will not enter the second stage of the floating and sinking structure 32 from the collection inlet. The driving motor 14 in the second stage of the floating and sinking structure 32 is started to drive the driving magnetic coupling 5 to rotate. The driving magnetic coupling 5 is magnetically coupled with the driven magnetic coupling 20, and then the rotation of the stirring blade 4 is realized. The material with a density higher than that of the second stage of the floating and sinking solution sinks, and the material with a density lower than that of the second stage of the floating and sinking solution floats. After the material is fully separated, the switch door 6 is opened, and the floated material 2 enters the collection screen 10 of the second stage of the collection structure 33. At the same time that the switch door 6 is opened, the water pump 12 is started. The floating and sinking solution in the second stage of the collection structure 33 enters the second stage of the floating and sinking structure 32 through the first pipeline 11 and the second pipeline 13, so that the floating and sinking solution in the second stage of the floating and sinking structure 32 increases, and the liquid level of the floating and sinking solution rises. The floating and sinking solution with the floated material 2 enters the second stage of the collection structure 33. When there is no floated material 2 in the second stage of the floating and sinking structure 32, the floating and sinking solution returns to the solution preparation structure 15 from the second stage of the collection structure 33 and the second stage of the floating and sinking structure 32, and is prepared again. The above process is repeated until the material in the last stage is floated. In the process of flotation, the density of the floating and sinking solution in the next stage is higher than that of the floating and sinking solution in the previous stage, so that the flotation of materials with different densities can be realized.

[0050] The stirring process of the stirring structure is as follows: in the first time period T1, the stirring blade 4 rotates forward to accelerate dispersion, the bottom material moves upward from the center and downward from the periphery, which is beneficial to the floating of the material with a density lower than that of the floating and sinking liquid; in the second time period T2, the stirring blade 4 rotates forward N times and reverses N times, so that the material is more dispersed in the floating and sinking solution, which is beneficial to the floating of small particle materials or the sinking of large particle materials; in the third time period T3, the stirring blade 4 remains stationary, and the material is separated in a natural state. The above T1 to T3 can be repeatedly used.

[0051] The rinsing stage: the switch door 6, the solution opening of the collecting barrel 8 and the water pump 12 are closed, the circulating pump 17 is opened, and the clean water enters the collecting structure 33 from the upper inlet and then flows out from the lower outlet to the second circulating pipeline 18 through the first circulating pipeline 27, the first circulating pipeline 27 and the second circulating pipeline 18 are connected with the circulating pump 17, and the collected material 9 in each collecting structure 33 is rinsed through the rinsing structure;

[0052] When the material is floated at least twice, the number of the rinsing structures can be one, the clean water can be provided to different collecting structures 33 at the same time, or the number of the rinsing structures is the same as that of the floating and sinking structures 32;

[0053] The drying stage: the rinsed material is placed into the drying equipment 29 by the robot 30 to be dried, and then the dried material is placed into the weighing equipment 31 by the robot 30 to be weighed.

[0054] In some embodiments, the packaging and labeling units are further included, the material is automatically packaged by the packaging and labeling units after being weighed, and the material information is printed or pasted on the package or written by using an electronic tag.

[0055] In some embodiments, all the above actions can be controlled by the upper computer control system, the floating and sinking results can be analyzed and processed by the upper computer, and finally the experimental report is output.

[0056] In the present application, specific examples are applied to illustrate the principles and implementation modes of the present application, and the above embodiment is only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present application; meanwhile, for the general technical personnel in the field, the specific implementation mode and application range can be changed according to the idea of the present application. In conclusion, the content of the present application should not be understood as the limitation of the present application.

Claims

1. A coal float-and-sink apparatus, characterised in that: The application relates to a floatation and sinking structure, a solution preparation structure, a collecting structure and a flushing structure, wherein the floatation and sinking structure and the collecting structure are at least one each, the floatation and sinking structure and the collecting structure are in one-to-one correspondence, the solution preparation structure is used for preparing a floatation and sinking solution, the solution preparation structure is connected with the floatation and sinking structure, the floatation and sinking structure is used for floating material, a stirring structure is arranged in the floatation and sinking structure, the floatation and sinking structure is connected with the collecting structure, the collecting structure is used for collecting the material floated out by the floatation and sinking structure, the collecting structure is connected with the flushing structure, and the flushing structure is used for flushing the material in the collecting structure. The floatation and sinking structure comprises a floatation and sinking barrel and a floatation and sinking screen net arranged in the floatation and sinking barrel, the floatation and sinking screen net is detachably connected with the floatation and sinking barrel, the floatation and sinking barrel is provided with a floatation and sinking feeding port, a floatation and sinking discharging port, a liquid inlet port, a liquid return port and a floatation and sinking barrel solution port, the floatation and sinking discharging port is connected with the collecting structure, a switch door is arranged at the floatation and sinking discharging port, the liquid inlet port and the liquid return port are connected with the solution preparation structure, and the floatation and sinking barrel solution port is connected with the collecting structure. An isolation screen net is arranged between the floatation and sinking screen net and the stirring structure, and the aperture of the isolation screen net is smaller than the aperture of the floatation and sinking screen net. The collecting structure comprises a collecting barrel and a collecting screen net arranged in the collecting barrel, the collecting screen net is detachably connected with the collecting barrel, the collecting barrel is provided with a collecting feeding port and a collecting barrel solution port, and the collecting feeding port and the collecting barrel solution port are connected with the floatation and sinking structure; the material floated out by the floatation and sinking structure enters the collecting screen net in the collecting barrel through the collecting feeding port. A water pump is arranged on the pipeline between the floatation and sinking barrel solution port and the collecting barrel solution port of the collecting structure. The collecting barrel solution port, a first pipeline, the water pump, a second pipeline and the floatation and sinking barrel solution port are sequentially connected. The water pump is started, and the floatation and sinking solution in the collecting structure enters the floatation and sinking structure through the first pipeline and the second pipeline. A first liquid level sensor and a first material sensor are arranged in the floatation and sinking structure, the position of the first liquid level sensor is lower than that of the first material sensor, the first liquid level sensor is used for detecting the liquid level of the floatation and sinking solution in the floatation and sinking structure, and the position of the first material sensor corresponds to the position of the floatation and sinking discharging port, and the first material sensor is used for detecting whether the floated-out material is at the height of the floatation and sinking discharging port.

2. The coal float-and-sink device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second liquid level sensor and a second material sensor are arranged in the collecting structure, the second liquid level sensor is used for detecting the liquid level of the floatation and sinking solution in the collecting structure, the second material sensor is located between the upper end of the collecting screen net and the bottom of the collecting screen net, and the second material sensor is used for detecting whether the material in the collecting screen net reaches the position of the second material sensor.

3. The coal float-and-sink apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: ​ 4. The coal float-and-sink apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flushing structure comprises a circulating pump connected with the collecting structure, liquid enters the collecting structure through the circulating pump to flush the material in the collecting structure, and the circulation of the liquid is realized through the circulating pump, and the cleaned liquid is discharged by the circulating pump; the circulating pump is provided with a densimeter and a heating structure, the densimeter is used to detect the density of the liquid passing through the circulating pump, and the heating structure is used to heat the liquid passing through the circulating pump.

5. The coal float-and-sink apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: Further comprising stirring driving structure, the stirring driving structure is located outside the float-and-sink structure, and the stirring driving structure is magnetically coupled with the stirring structure.

6. A coal float-and-sink system characterized by: The coal float-and-sink device comprises a crushing device, a robot, a drying device, a weighing device and the coal float-and-sink device according to any one of claims 1-5, the crushing device is used for crushing the material, the weighing device is used for weighing the crushed material and the dried material, and the robot is used for putting the weighed material into the float-and-sink structure and putting the flushed material in the collecting structure into the drying device.

7. A coal float-and-sink method using the coal float-and-sink system according to claim 6, characterized by: Comprise: Preparation stage: prepare the float-and-sink solution by using a solution preparation structure, crush the material by using a crushing device, and then put the crushed material into a weighing device by using a robot for weighing; Flotation stage: when the material is subjected to only one flotation, one float-and-sink structure and one collecting structure are used, the weighed material is put into the float-and-sink structure by the robot, the float-and-sink solution in the solution preparation structure is introduced into the float-and-sink structure and the collecting structure, the stirring structure is started, the material with a density higher than that of the float-and-sink solution sinks, and the material with a density lower than that of the float-and-sink solution floats, and the floated material enters the collecting structure; When the material is subjected to at least two times of flotation, the number of times of flotation corresponds to the number of float-and-sink structures and the number of collecting structures, the weighed material is put into the float-and-sink structure of the first stage by the robot, the float-and-sink solution of the first stage in the solution preparation structure is introduced into the float-and-sink structure of the first stage and the collecting structure of the first stage, the stirring structure in the float-and-sink structure of the first stage is started, the material with a density higher than that of the float-and-sink solution of the first stage sinks, and the material with a density lower than that of the float-and-sink solution of the first stage floats, and the floated material enters the collecting structure of the first stage; the material sinking in the float-and-sink structure of the first stage is taken out and put into the float-and-sink structure of the second stage, the solution preparation structure is started, the float-and-sink solution of the second stage is adjusted to the corresponding density, the float-and-sink solution of the second stage in the solution preparation structure is introduced into the float-and-sink structure of the second stage and the collecting structure of the second stage, the density of the float-and-sink solution of the second stage is higher than that of the float-and-sink solution of the first stage, the stirring structure in the float-and-sink structure of the second stage is started, the material with a density higher than that of the float-and-sink solution of the second stage sinks, and the material with a density lower than that of the float-and-sink solution of the second stage floats, and the floated material enters the collecting structure of the second stage; the process is repeated until the material of the last stage is floated, and in the flotation process, the density of the float-and-sink solution of the next stage is higher than that of the float-and-sink solution of the previous stage, so that the flotation of materials with different densities can be realized; Flushing stage: the material in each collecting structure is flushed by the flushing structure; Drying stage: the rinsed material is placed into a drying device by a robot, and then the dried material is placed into a weighing device by a robot.

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