Photovoltaic panel recycling line and process

Abstract

The application discloses a photovoltaic panel recycling production line, which comprises a positioning conveying device, a pretreatment part, a crushing device, a pyrolysis device and a separation device, wherein the separation device comprises an air separator, a discharge box and a dust remover, the light outlet of the air separator is connected with the discharge box, and the air separator, the discharge box and the dust remover form a circulating air system to separate materials and clean dust in the separation device; the pretreatment part comprises a 3D vision device, a plurality of detection components are installed in the separation device, the plurality of detection components and the 3D vision device are connected in data linkage to form an intelligent control system, and the intelligent control system can regulate the air pressure of the air separator according to real-time feedback data. Through the setting of the wind circulating system in the separation device and the application of the intelligent control technology, the separation effect and efficiency are improved, the degree of automation is improved, and the labor intensity is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel recycling, in particular to a photovoltaic panel recycling production line and process. BACKGROUND

[0002] In recent years, the photovoltaic industry has developed rapidly due to its ability to utilize clean and renewable solar energy resources. The cumulative installed capacity of photovoltaic modules has almost shown exponential growth. China's photovoltaic industry scale and market application are among the best in the world. Photovoltaic modules are photovoltaic devices that are encapsulated according to a certain production process and achieve a certain output power and output voltage under certain light conditions, and are composed of glass, encapsulating materials (such as EVA film), cell pieces, back sheets (or back glass), aluminum frames, junction boxes, etc. Photovoltaic modules mostly have a service life of 25 to 30 years. How to properly dispose of retired photovoltaic modules is a major problem facing the photovoltaic industry in the future and is an important part of realizing the recyclability of photovoltaic modules throughout their life cycle.

[0003] A Chinese patent with application number CN202010930469.0 discloses a method and device for recycling broken glass photovoltaic modules. The invention recovers broken glass photovoltaic modules by using a combination of mechanical and thermal decomposition separation methods, and uses a mechanical separation method as the main method and a thermal treatment method as the auxiliary method to separate the junction box, metal frame, back sheet, EVA material, metal solder strip, and silicon wafer and glass in sequence, achieving the separation of single components in photovoltaic modules without generating waste gas that affects the environment. At the same time, it can realize large-scale, continuous, and stable waste photovoltaic module disassembly and processing, and is suitable for large-scale application in the field of photovoltaic module production and recycling.

[0004] However, this patent has complex material separation during the recycling process, low recycling efficiency, and low recycling purity. Since the products obtained by breaking contain a mixture of different structural components, efficient separation between the silicon wafer and the glass-solder strip mixture cannot be achieved during screening, thereby increasing the difficulty of material recycling, reducing the purity of the recycled material, and increasing the energy consumption of the recycling process. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to provide a photovoltaic panel recycling production line and process to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present application provides the following technical solution: a photovoltaic panel recycling production line, comprising a positioning conveying device, a pretreatment unit, a crushing device, a pyrolysis device, and a separation device.

[0007] The separation device comprises an air separator, a discharge box and a dust remover, the light outlet of the air separator is connected to the discharge box, and the air separator, the discharge box and the dust remover form a circulating air system to separate the materials and clean the dust in the separation device.

[0008] The pretreatment part comprises a 3D vision device, a plurality of detection components are installed in the separation device, the plurality of detection components and the 3D vision device are data-linked to constitute an intelligent control system, and the intelligent control system can regulate the air pressure of the air separator according to real-time feedback data.

[0009] Preferably, the air separator further comprises a heavy outlet, the air separator can separate the crushed pieces of the crushing device by density through circulating air, the heavy outlet outputs waste, and the light outlet sends the silicon wafer to the discharge box, and the discharge box makes the silicon wafer settle through a cavity structure.

[0010] Preferably, the pretreatment part adopts a mechanical separation mode to sequentially separate the junction box, the metal frame and the back plate, the pretreatment part is sequentially provided with an automatic feeding device, a junction box removing device, a frame removing device and a back plate removing device along the conveying direction of the photovoltaic panel, and the positioning conveying device connects adjacent devices.

[0011] Preferably, the intelligent control system can detect the size and positioning data of the photovoltaic panel through the 3D vision device, regulate the conveying spacing of the positioning conveying device according to the data to realize automatic conveying of materials of different sizes, and automatically capture the number and direction of the junction box on the photovoltaic panel to control the automatic operation of the junction box removing device.

[0012] Preferably, the frame removing device is provided with a corner cutting module, a heating module and a frame pushing module, and the frame removing device sequentially uses the corner cutting module, the heating module and the frame pushing module on the photovoltaic panel.

[0013] Preferably, the back plate removing device is sequentially provided with a rotary hob and a sand belt along the moving direction of the photovoltaic panel, and one side of the back plate removing device is provided with a bag dust collector.

[0014] Preferably, the automatic feeding device is provided with a plurality of feeding positions, and the pyrolysis device heats the crushed photovoltaic panel pieces.

[0015] Preferably, the separation device further comprises a secondary screening device, a silicon wafer conveying device is arranged between the feeding port of the secondary screening device and the discharge port of the discharge box, and the secondary screening device performs secondary screening on the output material of the discharge box.

[0016] A photovoltaic panel recycling process comprises the following steps:

[0017] S01: the photovoltaic panel is sequentially completed by the pretreatment part automatic feeding, removing the junction box, removing the metal frame and removing the backboard, and transmitting the photovoltaic panel to the crushing device;

[0018] S02: the photovoltaic panel with the removed backboard is crushed by the crushing device;

[0019] S03: the crushed photovoltaic panel is heated by the pyrolysis device to remove the organic matter in the photovoltaic panel fragments;

[0020] S04: the heated photovoltaic panel fragments are screened by the separation device.

[0021] Preferably, the processing parameters of different models of photovoltaic panels are matched by the intelligent control system, and during the operation of the separation device, the efficient separation of silicon wafers, glass and solder strips is realized through the circulating air system and real-time air pressure adjustment.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0023] 1. By the provision of the separation device, especially the air separator, the separation of silicon wafers, glass and solder strips is realized by utilizing the density difference between the three through the principle of air flow dynamics, and the separation effect is further improved by adjusting the air pressure, and the silicon wafers are further screened by the grading screen, so that the separation purity is above 95%, the separation effect between the silicon wafers and the mixture of glass and solder strips is improved, the purity of the recovered material is increased, and the difficulty and energy consumption of material recovery are reduced.

[0024] 2. The wind pressure in the separation device is real-time regulated by the intelligent control technology, the detection data of the 3D vision device in the first half of the process and the detection data of the detection assembly in the separation device are combined, the separation effect is increased by real-time calculation of the optimal wind pressure, if accumulation occurs in the air duct, reverse airflow is triggered to clean the blockage, the stability of continuous separation is ensured, and the separation effect and efficiency are further improved.

[0025] 3. The automatic feeding device, 3D vision device and positioning conveying device are connected to the whole photovoltaic panel recycling production line, realizing the functions of automatic feeding, automatic identification of incoming size and self-running of the whole line, and having the advantages of high separation efficiency, high system automation degree and low labor intensity. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is the flow chart of the photovoltaic panel recycling process of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 is the flow chart of the pretreatment step of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 is the overall structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the positioning and conveying device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the border removal device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust gas treatment structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the separation device of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the separation device of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the back-end processing device of the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 1. Positioning conveyor; 2. Automatic feeding device; 3. 3D vision device; 4. Junction box removal device; 5. Frame removal device; 6. Back panel removal device; 7. Crushing device; 8. Pyrolysis device; 9. Separation device; 91. Air separator; 92. Discharge box; 93. Dust collector; 10. Secondary screening device; 11. Bag filter dust collector; 12. Exhaust gas treatment device; 13. Silicon wafer conveying device; 14. Waste conveying device. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] To improve the separation effect between silicon wafers and the glass / solder ribbon mixture, such as Figures 1 to 9 As shown, the present invention provides a photovoltaic panel recycling production line, including a positioning conveying device 1, a pretreatment section, a crushing device 7, a pyrolysis device 8, and a separation device 9. The separation device 9 includes an air separator 91, a discharge box 92, and a dust collector 93. The light material outlet of the air separator 91 is connected to the discharge box 92. The air separator 91, the discharge box 92, and the dust collector 93 form a circulating air system to clean the dust in the separation equipment and to screen light and heavy materials.

[0039] The air separator 91 further comprises a heavy material outlet, and the air separator 91 is capable of separating the pieces crushed by the crushing device 7 according to density by circulating wind, and the heavy material outlet of the air separator 91 outputs waste, and the light material outlet sends the silicon wafer to the discharge box 92, and the discharge box 92 makes the silicon wafer sink by the cavity structure.

[0040] The discharge box 92 is internally provided with a cavity structure, and a star feeder is arranged at a discharge port of the discharge box 92, a feeding port of the discharge box 92 is connected with the light material outlet of the air separator 91, an air outlet of the discharge box 92 is communicated with an air inlet of the dust collector 93, and the cavity structure of the discharge box 92 makes the air flow rate entering the cavity structure small, so that the silicon wafer falls and is output from the discharge port, and dust is taken into the dust collector 93 from the air outlet.

[0041] The dust collector 93 can be a cyclone dust collector, which adopts a centrifugal separation mechanism, dust-containing air flows into the dust collector 93 along a tangent, forms a high-speed rotating vortex, and particles are thrown to a wall surface under the action of centrifugal force and sink into a dust hopper by gravity, and purified gas is discharged from the top, and in the embodiment, particles entering the air inlet of the dust collector 93 are accumulated at the dust hopper below, the air outlet of the dust collector 93 is communicated with the air inlet of the air separator 91 through a ventilation pipeline, purified gas is discharged from the air outlet of the dust collector 93 and enters the air separator 91 to separate the photovoltaic panel pieces therein.

[0042] A plurality of detection assemblies are installed in the separation device 9, the air pressure of the air separator 91 is adjusted in real time according to the feedback of the detection assemblies, the detection assemblies are linked with the 3D vision device 3 of the pretreatment part to form an intelligent control system.

[0043] The positioning conveying device 1 centrally positions the photovoltaic panel and moves the positioned photovoltaic panel, and exemplarily comprises a positioning structure and a conveying structure, the conveying structure adopts a conveying belt structure, and the driving structure of the positioning conveying device 1 comprises a servo motor and a speed reducer.

[0044] The pretreatment part adopts a mechanical separation mode, and successively separates a junction box, a metal frame and a back plate, and the pretreatment part is provided with the automatic feeding device 2, the junction box removing device 4, the frame removing device 5 and the back plate removing device 6 in sequence along the conveying direction of the photovoltaic panel, and the positioning conveying device 1 connects adjacent devices, and the pretreatment part further comprises the 3D vision device 3, each adjacent device of the automatic feeding device 2, the junction box removing device 4, the frame removing device 5 and the back plate removing device 6 is connected through the positioning conveying device 1, and the 3D vision device 3 is located between the automatic feeding device 2 and the junction box removing device 4, that is, the devices through which the photovoltaic panel passes are in sequence: the automatic feeding device 2, the positioning conveying device 1, the 3D vision device 3, the junction box removing device 4, the positioning conveying device 1, the frame removing device 5, the positioning conveying device 1 and the back plate removing device 6.

[0045] The pulverizing device 7 crushes the photovoltaic panel output by the pretreatment unit; the photovoltaic panel output by the back plate removing device 6 directly enters the pulverizing device 7, and the pulverizing device 7 crushes the photovoltaic panel by means of gear engagement; for example, the pulverizing device 7 can be a double-shaft shredder.

[0046] The pyrolysis device 8 heats the crushed photovoltaic panel fragments; the pyrolysis device 8 is provided between the pulverizing device 7 and the conveying device, and the pyrolysis device 8 can be a tunnel kiln; the crushed photovoltaic panel enters the tunnel kiln through the positioning conveying device 1; the high temperature in the kiln is 500-600℃, and the organic matter in the photovoltaic panel fragments, including the EVA adhesive film, is decomposed, and only the silicon wafer, glass and solder strip are left after discharging. The pyrolysis device 8 is provided with a tail gas treatment device 12 on one side, and the tail gas treatment device 12 makes the tail gas emission reach the standard.

[0047] A plurality of conveying devices are provided between the pyrolysis device 8 and the separating device 9, which convey the photovoltaic panel fragments while lifting the height; the separating device 9 includes an air separator 91, a discharge box 92 and a dust collector 93; the air separator 91 separates the heated photovoltaic panel fragments according to their materials; the light outlet of the air separator 91 is connected to the discharge box 92; the dust in the ventilation pipeline of the separating device 9 is removed by the dust collector 93; the air separator 91, the discharge box 92 and the dust collector 93 are connected by ventilation pipelines and jointly form a circulating air system.

[0048] It should be noted that the air separator 91 is provided with a vibrating feeding device; the glass and solder strip in the photovoltaic panel fragments are output from the heavy outlet of the air separator 91, and the silicon wafer is output from the light outlet of the air separator 91; the light outlet of the air separator 91 is communicated with the discharge box 92; the inside of the discharge box 92 is a cavity; after the silicon wafer enters the discharge box 92, the action force of the circulating air on the silicon wafer is reduced because the internal space of the discharge box 92 is larger than the diameter of the ventilation pipeline, so that the silicon wafer falls out of the discharge port arranged at the bottom of the discharge box 92.

[0049] In this embodiment, a plurality of feeding positions are provided in the automatic feeding device 2, which can realize uninterrupted feeding; the automatic feeding device 2 can be provided with a program-controlled mechanical hand; the mechanical hand automatically grabs the photovoltaic panel at the target position and places it at the specified position, so as to ensure uninterrupted feeding.

[0050] The 3D vision device 3 mainly detects the shape and size of the photovoltaic panel, the position and number of the junction box, and synchronizes the data to the controller; the controller automatically adjusts the state of each device of the production line in real time according to the related data, so as to intelligently control the entire production line and realize automatic operation of the device according to different size materials.

[0051] The dismounting device 4 determines the position of the junction box according to the data sent by the 3D vision device 3 to the controller, adjusts the applicable size according to the relevant data, and automatically captures and adjusts the direction of the shovel according to the number and direction of different junction boxes.

[0052] The frame removing device 5 is provided with a corner cutting module, a heating module and a frame pushing module. The frame removing device 5 uses the corner cutting module, the heating module and the frame pushing module in sequence. The corner cutting module can cut the connecting pieces at the four corners of the photovoltaic panel in the form of a saw blade. The photovoltaic panel after cutting enters the heating module. The heating module heats the frame around to about 100℃. The frame pushing module uses a ball screw and a motor drive to push out the heated frame. The purpose of heating is to soften the glue layer to make it easier to push out.

[0053] The back plate removing device 6 is provided with a rotary hob and a sand belt in sequence along the moving direction of the photovoltaic panel. The back plate removing device 6 is provided with a bag dust removal device 11 on one side. The back plate removing device 6 removes the back plate on the surface of the photovoltaic panel in the form of a rotary hob, and then removes the residual part with a sand belt. At the same time, the bag dust removal device 11 collects the smoke and dust generated in this process to prevent environmental pollution.

[0054] In this embodiment, the separating device 9 further comprises a secondary screening device 10. The secondary screening device 10 is provided with a silicon wafer conveying device 13 between the inlet and the outlet of the discharging box 92. The secondary screening device 10 performs secondary screening on the output material of the discharging box 92. The top of the secondary screening device 10 is connected with a bag dust removal device 11 to prevent air pollution during secondary screening.

[0055] It should be noted that the waste conveying device 14 is arranged below the heavy material outlet of the air separator 91, and the silicon wafer conveying device 13 is arranged below the outlet of the discharging box 92. The waste conveying device 14 can be composed of multiple conveying devices. The silicon wafer conveying device 13 can also be composed of multiple conveying devices. The conveying device can be a conveyor belt, an auger conveyor or both. The silicon wafer conveying device 13 sends the silicon wafer to the inlet of the secondary screening device 10, and the waste conveying device 14 sends the glass and solder strip to another secondary screening device 10. The secondary screening device 10 can select a vibrating screen, a grading screen, an inclined screen or other screening devices to perform secondary screening on the separated silicon wafer.

[0056] The air separator 91 operates based on the principle of gas-solid two-phase flow mechanics and density difference layering. When the air separator 91 is used for photovoltaic panel recycling, the glass recovery rate can be ≥95%, and the glass is classified at a flow speed of 10-15 m / s and the silicon wafer is classified at a flow speed of 8-10 m / s. The purity of the silicon wafer can reach more than 98%.

[0057] In the embodiment, the working process of the separating device 9 includes: the air separator 91 separates the heated fragments by density, and the heavy material outlet outputs the glass and the solder strip, and the light material outlet sends the silicon wafer to the discharge box 92; the discharge box 92 makes the material settle through the cavity structure, and outputs to the secondary screening device 10 for secondary screening.

[0058] It should be noted that the air separator 91, the discharge box 92 and the dust collector 93 jointly form a circulating air system. When the air separates the photovoltaic panel fragments in the air separator 91, the glass and the solder strip are output from the heavy material outlet of the air separator 91, and the silicon wafer enters the discharge box 92 from the light material outlet along with the air. Due to the cavity structure of the discharge box 92, the flow rate of the air in the discharge box 92 is reduced, so that the silicon wafer falls due to gravity and is output from the discharge outlet of the discharge box 92, while the air carries dust and is output from the air outlet of the discharge box 92, enters the dust collector 93 along the air inlet of the dust collector 93, and the dust in the dust collector 93 accumulates in the dust hopper. The purified air is output from the air outlet above, enters the air separator 91 through the ventilation pipeline, completes a new round of air separation, and forms a complete air circulation system.

[0059] The separating device 9 separates the silicon wafer, the glass fragments and the solder strip by the density difference through the principle of gas flow dynamics, forms an air circulation system to separate the silicon wafer from the glass and the solder strip, and improves the purity of each part through the secondary screening device, so that the separation purity is more than 95%; the separation effect between the silicon wafer and the mixture of the glass and the solder strip is improved; thereby the purity of the material recovery is increased, and the difficulty and energy consumption of the material recovery are reduced.

[0060] Embodiment two

[0061] On the basis of the above embodiment, the wind circulation system in the separating device 9 is slow in response when facing complex situations such as material accumulation in actual use, and the automation degree needs to be improved.

[0062] To improve the degree of automation of the system, in another embodiment of the present application, a plurality of detection components are installed in the separation device 9, including temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow meters and optical particle counters and various sensors, the air pressure of the air separator 91 is adjusted in real time according to the feedback of the pressure sensor, the detection components are linked with the 3D vision device 3 of the pretreatment part to form an intelligent control system, which can adjust the air pressure of the air separator 91 according to the real-time feedback data, for example, the air pressure in the separation device 9 is adjusted in real time according to the feedback of the pressure sensor, temperature sensors, pressure sensors, flow meters and optical particle counters are installed at the key nodes inside the air separator 91, the discharge tank 92, the dust collector 93 and the ventilation duct, to monitor the airflow speed, material density, particle distribution and other parameters in real time, the above data are fused and analyzed by the controller, so as to control the air flow state in the separation device 9 and improve the recovery efficiency.

[0063] The intelligent control system detects the size and positioning data of the photovoltaic panel through the 3D vision device 3, adjusts the conveying distance of the positioning conveying device 1 according to the data to realize automatic conveying of materials of different sizes, automatically captures the number and direction of the junction box on the photovoltaic panel, and adjusts the junction box removing device 4 to automatically work, and can also dynamically adjust the air pressure parameter of the air separator 91 according to the heating temperature of the pyrolysis device 8.

[0064] It should be noted that when the controller fuses and analyzes the data, it integrates equipment operation data and environmental data through Internet of Things technology to build a airflow state panoramic view, and trains a model based on historical data to predict the influence of different material characteristics on airflow separation efficiency, dynamically adjusts parameters, optimizes separation accuracy using fuzzy control rules for the complex relationship between airflow speed and particle suspension, realizes dynamic feedback adjustment, adjusts the fan speed according to real-time monitoring data; and when an abnormal state such as airflow blockage is detected, it can automatically start reverse pulse to unblock the channel.

[0065] The above-mentioned intelligent control technology can improve the metal recovery rate to more than 95% and the glass separation purity to 90% by dynamically adjusting the airflow speed to reduce the mixing ratio of silicon powder and glass slag, and can reduce the invalid airflow circulation time through the prediction model to reduce energy consumption by 20%.

[0066] The above-mentioned intelligent control technology is connected with the 3D vision device 3 to realize intelligent control of the entire production line, real-time monitoring and dynamic control of the air flow in the separation device 9, real-time calculation and dynamic feedback to ensure the best air pressure, improve the separation effect, and if there is a phenomenon such as accumulation in the air duct, trigger reverse airflow to clean the blockage and ensure the stability of continuous separation, thereby further improving the separation effect and efficiency.

[0067] Embodiment three:

[0068] On the basis of the above-mentioned embodiments, a photovoltaic panel recycling process comprises the following steps:

[0069] S01: The photovoltaic panel is sequentially completed with automatic feeding, removal of the junction box, removal of the metal frame and removal of the back plate by the pretreatment part, and the photovoltaic panel is transmitted to the crushing device 7.

[0070] S02: The photovoltaic panel with the removed back plate is crushed by the crushing device 7.

[0071] S03: The crushed photovoltaic panel is heated by the pyrolysis device 8 to remove the organic matter in the photovoltaic panel fragments.

[0072] S04: The heated photovoltaic panel fragments are screened by the separation device 9.

[0073] Specifically, the embodiments further give the preferred specific implementation of each step, and it can be understood that these preferred embodiments are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the protection scope of the present application, and those skilled in the art can make substitutions or improvements according to the embodiments in combination with their respective technical means in the art.

[0074] As shown in Figure 2 , step S01 can include:

[0075] S011: Automatic feeding of the photovoltaic panel.

[0076] S012: The positioning conveying device 1 is used to center the photovoltaic panel.

[0077] S013: The 3D vision device 3 is used to detect the data of the photovoltaic panel.

[0078] S014: The junction box of the photovoltaic panel is removed.

[0079] S015: The frame of the photovoltaic panel is heated and removed.

[0080] S016: The back plate of the photovoltaic panel is removed.

[0081] Step S04 is specifically: In the working process of the separation device 9, the photovoltaic panel fragments to be separated are input from the feed inlet of the air separator 91, the glass and the solder strip in the photovoltaic panel fragments are output from the heavy outlet of the air separator 91, the silicon wafer in the photovoltaic panel fragments is sent to the discharge tank 92 from the light outlet of the air separator 91, the inside of the discharge tank 92 is a cavity, the flow rate of the air decreases after entering the discharge tank 92, and the materials carried by the air fall down and are output from the discharge outlet of the discharge tank 92.

[0082] And, the silicon wafer output by the discharge port of the discharge box 92 is sent to the secondary screening device 10 by the silicon wafer conveying device 13 for secondary screening, and the glass and solder tape output by the heavy material outlet of the air separator 91 is sent to another secondary screening device 10 by the waste conveying device 14 for secondary screening.

[0083] In the embodiment, the processing parameters of different types of photovoltaic panels are matched by the intelligent control system, and during the operation of the separation device 9, the efficient separation of the silicon wafer from the glass and solder tape is realized by the circulating air system and real-time air pressure adjustment; at the same time, the automatic feeding device 2, the 3D vision device 3 and the positioning conveying device 1 enable the whole photovoltaic panel recycling production line to realize automatic control, realizing the functions of automatic feeding, automatic identification of incoming material size and self-operation of the whole line, improving the sorting efficiency and the degree of automation of the system, and reducing the labor intensity.

[0084] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic panel recycling line comprising a positioning conveyor, a pre-treatment section, a shredding device, a pyrolysis device and a separation device, characterized in that, The separation device comprises an air separator, a discharge box and a dust remover, the light outlet of the air separator is connected to the discharge box, and the air separator, the discharge box and the dust remover form a circulating air system to separate the material and clean the dust in the separation device; the pretreatment part comprises a 3D vision device, a plurality of detection components are installed in the separation device, the plurality of detection components and the 3D vision device are data-linked to constitute an intelligent control system, the intelligent control system can regulate the air pressure of the air separator according to the real-time feedback data; the detection components comprise a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a flow meter and an optical particle counter, which are used to monitor the data including air flow velocity, material density and particle distribution in real time, and the intelligent control system performs data fusion and analysis on the above data; when the intelligent control system fuses and analyzes the data, the device operation data and environmental data are integrated through the Internet of Things technology to build a panoramic view of the air flow state, and a model is trained based on historical data to predict the influence of different material characteristics on the air flow separation efficiency, dynamically adjust the parameters, optimize the separation accuracy according to the complex relationship between air flow velocity and particle suspension by using fuzzy control rules, realize dynamic feedback regulation, and adjust the fan speed according to the real-time monitoring data; and when the abnormal state of air flow blockage is monitored, the reverse pulse is automatically started to dredge the channel; The pretreatment part adopts a mechanical separation mode to sequentially separate a junction box, a metal frame and a back plate, the pretreatment part is sequentially provided with an automatic feeding device, a junction box removing device, a frame removing device and a back plate removing device along the conveying direction of the photovoltaic panel, and the positioning conveying device connects adjacent devices; The intelligent control system can detect the size and positioning data of the photovoltaic panel through the 3D vision device, and automatically convey different sizes of materials by adjusting the conveying spacing of the positioning conveying device according to the data, and automatically capture the number and direction of the junction box on the photovoltaic panel to control the automatic operation of the junction box removing device.

2. The photovoltaic panel recycling line of claim 1, wherein, The air separator further comprises a heavy outlet, the air separator can separate the crushed pieces crushed by the crushing device according to the density through the circulating air, the heavy outlet outputs waste, and the light outlet sends the silicon wafer to the discharge box, and the discharge box makes the silicon wafer settle through the cavity structure.

3. The photovoltaic panel recycling line of claim 1, wherein, The frame removing device is provided with a corner cutting module, a heating module and a frame pushing module, and the frame removing device sequentially uses the corner cutting module, the heating module and the frame pushing module on the photovoltaic panel.

4. The photovoltaic panel recycling line of claim 1, wherein, The back plate removing device is sequentially provided with a rotary hob and a sand belt along the moving direction of the photovoltaic panel, and one side of the back plate removing device is provided with a bag dust collector.

5. The photovoltaic panel recycling line of claim 1, wherein, The automatic feeding device is provided with a plurality of feeding positions, and the pyrolysis device heats the crushed photovoltaic panel pieces.

6. The photovoltaic panel recycling line of claim 1, wherein, The separation device further comprises a secondary screening device, a silicon wafer conveying device is arranged between the inlet of the secondary screening device and the outlet of the discharge box, and the secondary screening device performs secondary screening on the output material of the discharge box.

7. A photovoltaic panel recycling process, said process employing a photovoltaic panel recycling line according to any one of claims 1-6 for recycling photovoltaic panels, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: S01: the photovoltaic panel is sequentially subjected to automatic feeding, removal of junction boxes, removal of metal frames and removal of back plates by a pretreatment unit and is transmitted to a crushing device; S02: the photovoltaic panel with the removed back plate is crushed by the crushing device; S03: the crushed photovoltaic panel is heated by a pyrolysis device to remove organic matters in the photovoltaic panel fragments; and S04: the heated photovoltaic panel fragments are subjected to screening by a separation device.

8. The photovoltaic panel recycling process of claim 7, wherein, The processing parameters of different types of photovoltaic panels are matched by an intelligent control system, and in the working process of the separation device, the efficient separation of silicon wafers, glass and solder strips is realized through a circulating air system and real-time air pressure adjustment.

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