Smoke and fire cutting tool and smoke and fire cutting method for radial alternate combustion cutting

Abstract

The invention discloses a smoke and fire cutting tool and a smoke and fire cutting method.The smoke and fire cutting tool comprises a cutting tool shell, an ignition opening and a nozzle, the cutting tool shell is provided with a mounting cavity, and the cutting tool shell is further provided with the ignition opening and the nozzle which communicate with the mounting cavity; the composite grain is arranged in the mounting cavity, is formed by alternately nesting a plurality of high-energy-density grains and a plurality of high-penetration-kinetic-energy grains from inside to outside in the radius direction, and is used for combusting to form metal jet flows with different combustion characteristics; the center of the innermost high-energy-density grain of the composite grain is provided with an axial through combustion channel; the pyrotechnic compound powder has the characteristic of high combustion speed, is filled in the combustion channel and is used for igniting the high-energy-density grain on the innermost layer; and the igniter is arranged in the ignition opening and is used for igniting the pyrotechnic compound powder. According to the cutting method, a smoke and fire cutting tool is adopted for cutting.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cutting, and particularly relates to a pyrotechnic cutting tool and a pyrotechnic cutting method for radial alternating combustion cutting. Background Art

[0002] The pyrotechnic cutting technology is a technology that uses the metal jet formed by the combustion reaction of pyrotechnics to penetrate an object to complete the cutting task. The metal jet is mainly composed of the high-temperature combustion reaction products of pyrotechnics. This high-temperature metal jet can produce high-temperature burning and penetration effects on the object to be cut. Since the heat source of the pyrotechnic cutting technology is the thermal energy released by the chemical reaction of materials, the pyrotechnic cutting technology can achieve rapid cutting operations without electric energy, gas source or complex equipment, and its operation is safe and easy to use. Therefore, the pyrotechnic cutting technology is very suitable for emergency cutting requirements in special outdoor environments, such as ammunition destruction, downhole oil pipe cutting, etc.

[0003] Wu Yiying of the Army Special Operations College (Wu Yiying. Impact Heat Transfer and Cutting Experiment of Cutting Ejection Jet [J]. Initiators & Pyrotechnics, 2020, (5): 31-35.) prepared a pyrotechnic charge column with Al powder, Fe2O3, CuO, etc. as the main components and carried out pyrotechnic cutting experiments. It was found that the penetration (cutting) depth decreased due to the rapid decrease in the jet outlet velocity of the nozzle with the change of the nozzle diameter. Gao Qiang et al. of Northwest University (Gao Qiang. Formulation, Process, Device Design and Application of Pyrotechnic Charge for Cutting Oil and Gas Well Tubing [D]. Xi'an: Northwest University, 2018.) designed to add a uniformly mixed pyrotechnic charge column to the cutting device for downhole oil pipes. The formulation includes Al powder, Ni powder, Fe2O3, CuO, Cu2O and fluororubber. Although it can achieve the purpose of cutting a oil pipe with a wall thickness of about 5.5 mm and there is no flanging at the cut, the charge amount of this pyrotechnic charge column reaches 2.38 kg or more, and its charge (pyrotechnic charge column) length reaches 700 mm. It can be seen that the energy utilization rate of this pyrotechnic charge column is low, the cutting efficiency is low, a large amount of pyrotechnics is required to cut the target oil pipe, and the charge length is large, which is not portable.

[0004] The pyrotechnic cutting technology currently in use typically employs a homogeneous pyrotechnic charge. The continuous high-temperature jet formed by its combustion is used to penetrate objects. However, the high-temperature metal jet formed by the combustion of the current pyrotechnic charge will form solid slag after encountering the surface of the object to be cut, causing the jet to act directly on the solid residue and making it difficult to directly act on the object to be cut. The heat transfer of the jet during the cutting process changes to heat conduction, reducing the energy for deep heat transfer, and consequently resulting in low cutting efficiency and quality. At the same time, during outdoor cutting operations, portability needs to be considered, and there are usually certain requirements for the size and weight of the cutting tool. Therefore, the current pyrotechnic cutting technology should seek to improve cutting efficiency, reduce the size of the cutting tool, and enhance cutting quality. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to design a pyrotechnic cutting tool with radial alternating combustion cutting in view of the difficulty of the existing pyrotechnic cutting technology in meeting the requirements of high cutting efficiency and small size of the cutting tool used. It solves the problems existing in the existing pyrotechnic cutting technology and has the advantages of high cutting efficiency, small size of the cutting tool, and high cutting quality.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions:

[0007] The present invention designs a pyrotechnic cutting tool with radial alternating combustion cutting. The pyrotechnic cutting tool includes the following structural settings:

[0008] A cutting tool housing with an installation cavity inside, and the cutting tool housing is also provided with an ignition port and a nozzle respectively communicating with the installation cavity;

[0009] A composite charge, which is arranged in the installation cavity and is formed by alternately nesting a number of high-energy-density charges with hollow structures and a number of high-penetration kinetic energy charges with hollow structures from the inside to the outside along the radius direction for burning to form metal jets with different combustion characteristics. A combustion channel axially penetrating is provided at the center of the innermost high-energy-density charge of the composite charge; that is, the high-energy-density charge and the high-penetration kinetic energy charge will form metal jets with different combustion characteristics after burning respectively;

[0010] A pyrotechnic powder with the characteristic of high burning speed, which is filled in the combustion channel for igniting the innermost high-energy-density charge;

[0011] And an igniter, which is arranged in the ignition port for igniting the pyrotechnic powder. After the pyrotechnic powder burns, it ignites the innermost high-energy-density charge.

[0012] Specifically, the pyrotechnic cutting tool designed in the present invention with radial alternating combustion cutting assembles pyrotechnic columns (including high-energy density columns and high-penetration kinetic energy columns) with different combustion cutting characteristics (such as high energy density or high penetration kinetic energy) along the radial direction in an alternating manner to form a multi-layer nested composite column structure. This composite column is loaded into the cutting tool housing, and the center is filled with loose pyrotechnic powder with a high burning rate. After ignition at the tail end, the pyrotechnic powder in the center burns rapidly and ignites the innermost high-energy density column. Subsequently, the inner columns gradually ignite the outer pyrotechnic columns layer by layer along the radial direction, and then alternately generate metal jets with different combustion characteristics. The metal jets generated by this alternating combustion are ejected through the nozzle of the cutting tool housing towards the object to be cut and achieve the effect of cutting through. The pyrotechnic cutting tool designed in the present invention with radial alternating combustion cutting can make full use of the combustion energy release characteristics of different types of pyrotechnic columns, realize the synergistic effect of different cutting characteristics, and achieve higher cutting efficiency and cutting quality.

[0013] Specifically, calculated by mass fraction of 100%, the pyrotechnic powder used in the present invention can be composed of 50.0 - 60.0 wt% of Mg (magnesium) and 40.0 - 50.0 wt% of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene).

[0014] Furthermore, a pyrotechnic cutting tool with radial alternating combustion cutting: the cutting tool housing is set as a cylindrical structure, and a cylindrical installation cavity is arranged therein; the composite column is set as a cylindrical structure adapted to the installation cavity.

[0015] Furthermore, a pyrotechnic cutting tool with radial alternating combustion cutting: the axial length of the composite column is set to be 50 - 100 mm.

[0016] Furthermore, a pyrotechnic cutting tool with radial alternating combustion cutting: the thickness of each column layer of the composite column decreases from the inside to the outside.

[0017] Furthermore, a pyrotechnic cutting tool with radial alternating combustion cutting: the sum of the thicknesses h1 of all high-energy density columns and the sum of the thicknesses h2 of all high-penetration kinetic energy columns in the composite column satisfy h1:h2 = (0.5 - 5):1.

[0018] Furthermore, a pyrotechnic cutting tool with radial alternating combustion cutting: the diameter of the combustion channel is set to be 1.0 - 10.0 mm.

[0019] Furthermore, a pyrotechnic cutting tool with radial alternating combustion cutting: the high-energy density column is made of material A with an energy release density of not less than 3500 J / g;

[0020] Among them, material A includes the following components by mass fraction:

[0021] Al: 20.0 - 35.0 wt%; MnO2: 40.0 - 65.0 wt%; PTFE: 10.0 - 30.0 wt%; and fluororubber: 1.0 - 10.0 wt%.

[0022] Further, a pyrotechnic cutting tool for radial alternating combustion cutting: The high - penetration kinetic energy charge is made of material B, and the density of material B is not less than 3.0 g / cm 3 ;

[0023] Among them, material B includes components with the following mass fractions:

[0024] Al: 20.0 - 35.0 wt%; CuO: 30.0 - 50.0 wt%; PTFE: 5.0 - 25.0 wt%; Nb: 5.0 - 20.0 wt%; W: 5.0 - 20.0 wt%; and fluororubber: 1.0 - 10.0 wt%.

[0025] The present invention also provides a pyrotechnic cutting method for radial alternating combustion cutting. This pyrotechnic cutting method uses the above - mentioned pyrotechnic cutting tool for pyrotechnic cutting. The specific pyrotechnic cutting method is as follows: After igniting the pyrotechnic cutting tool, the high - energy - density charges and high - penetration kinetic energy charges alternately arranged from the inside to the outside in the composite charge burn layer by layer along the radial direction, and then alternately generate metal jets with different combustion characteristics. The metal jets are ejected through the nozzle towards the object to be cut for cutting.

[0026] Further, a pyrotechnic cutting method for radial alternating combustion cutting: The distance between the object to be cut and the nozzle is set to 3.0 - 15.0 mm.

[0027] Advantages of the present invention:

[0028] (1) The pyrotechnic cutting tool designed by the present invention for radial alternating combustion cutting, by loading a composite charge with a multi - layer nested structure having a central hole in the cutting tool housing, and using pyrotechnic agent charges with different combustion characteristics between layers. Among them, the metal jet formed by the combustion of the high - energy - density charge can generate a higher temperature when acting on the surface of the object to be cut, while the metal jet formed by the combustion of the high - penetration kinetic energy charge can not only produce a certain penetration effect in the depth direction when acting on the object surface, but also remove the solid slag and liquid metal on the object surface, prompting the object surface to expose the internal fresh layer, preparing for the direct action of the subsequent high - temperature metal jet. This alternating combustion cutting method can reduce the energy loss of the pyrotechnic agent charge, improve the energy utilization rate of the pyrotechnic agent charge, and improve the cutting efficiency.

[0029] (2) When using the pyrotechnic cutting tool designed by the present invention for cutting, under the same cutting conditions, the amount of pyrotechnic agent used is less, and the size of the cutting tool is smaller, making it more portable and facilitating its transportation and use. When the cutting tool of the present invention cuts an object, there is less residual slag, the contour of the cutting gap or hole is clear, the cutting surface is relatively smooth and flat, with less burrs or deformation, and the cutting quality is high. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 Structural schematic diagram of a pyrotechnic cutting tool with radially alternating combustion cutting designed for Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 2 Cross-sectional view of the steel plate after cutting in Embodiment 2 of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 3 Cross-sectional view of the steel plate after cutting in Comparative Example 1 of the present invention.

[0034] Reference numerals in the figures: 1 - cutting tool housing, 2 - composite charge, 3 - pyrotechnic agent powder, 4 - igniter, 11 - ignition port, 12 - nozzle, 21 - high energy density charge, 22 - high penetration kinetic energy charge, 23 - combustion channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and in no way limits the present invention and its application or use. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", etc. are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. Moreover, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used to distinguish similar objects and do not necessarily have to be used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present invention described herein can be implemented in an order other than those illustrated or described herein.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] As Figure 1 shown, in this Embodiment 1, a pyrotechnic cutting tool with radial alternating combustion cutting is designed, and the pyrotechnic cutting tool includes the following structural settings:

[0039] A cutting tool housing 1, which is set as a cylindrical structure, and a cylindrical installation cavity is arranged inside it. At the two axially opposite ends of the cutting tool housing 1, an ignition port 11 and a nozzle 12 respectively communicating with the installation cavity are also arranged;

[0040] A composite charge 2, which is arranged in the installation cavity and is formed by alternately nesting a number of high-energy density charges 21 with a hollow cylindrical structure and a number of high-penetration kinetic energy charges 22 with a hollow cylindrical structure from the inside to the outside along the radius direction for burning to form metal jets with different combustion characteristics. The innermost layer of the composite charge 2 is a high-energy density charge 21, the outermost layer is a high-penetration kinetic energy charge 22, and an axially penetrating combustion channel 23 is arranged at the center of the innermost high-energy density charge 21, and both ends of the combustion channel 23 are aligned with the ignition port 11 and the nozzle 12 respectively;

[0041] Pyrotechnic powder 3, which has the characteristic of high combustion speed, is filled in the combustion channel 23 for igniting the innermost high-energy density charge 21;

[0042] And an igniter 4, which is arranged in the ignition port 11 for igniting the pyrotechnic powder 3. After the pyrotechnic powder 3 burns, it ignites the innermost high-energy density charge 21, and then the inner charges are successively ignited layer by layer along the radius direction to ignite the outer pyrotechnic charges, thereby alternately generating metal jets with different combustion characteristics.

[0043] Specifically, the axial length of the composite charge column 2 in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 is set to 80 mm. The composite charge column 2 in Embodiment 1 is a four-layer structure formed by alternately nesting two layers of high-energy-density charge columns 21 and two layers of high-penetration kinetic energy charge columns 22 from the inside out, and the thickness ratio of each charge column from the inside out is 14:8:6:4. Here, if the sum of the thicknesses of the first and third layers of high-energy-density charge columns from the inside out in the composite charge column 2 is h1, and the sum of the thicknesses of the second and fourth layers of high-penetration kinetic energy charge columns is h2, then h1:h2 = 5:3. Specifically, the thicknesses of each charge column from the inside out are 7.0 mm, 4.0 mm, 3.0 mm, and 2.0 mm in sequence. The purpose of such a setting is to make the volume of each charge column nearly the same and the amount of charge similar, so that each jet is approximately consistent in time.

[0044] Specifically, the diameter of the combustion channel 23 in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 is set to 5.0 mm, and the diameter of the nozzle 13 is set to 5.0 mm.

[0045] Specifically, the high-energy-density charge column 21 in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 is made of material A with an energy release density of not less than 3500 J / g. The material A includes the following components by mass fraction: 28.0 wt% of Al, 55.0 wt% of MnO2, 15.0 wt% of PTFE, and 2.0 wt% of fluororubber.

[0046] Specifically, the high-penetration kinetic energy charge column 22 in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 is made of material B with a density of not less than 3.0 g / cm 3 The material B includes the following components by mass fraction: 26.0 wt% of Al, 39.0 wt% of CuO, 10.0 wt% of PTFE, 10.0 wt% of Nb, 10.0 wt% of W, and 5.0 wt% of fluororubber.

[0047] Specifically, the pyrotechnic powder 3 in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1 is composed of 55.0 wt% of Mg and 45.0 wt% of PTFE.

[0048] Specifically, for the pyrotechnic cutting tool designed with such radial alternating combustion and cutting in the above-mentioned Embodiment 1, first, high-energy-density charge columns 21 and high-penetration kinetic energy charge columns 22 with different combustion characteristics and sizes (including diameter and thickness) are prepared, and then different charge columns are alternately distributed along the radial direction and assembled into a four-layer nested cylindrical composite charge column 2, with the innermost charge column being the high-energy-density charge column 21 and the outermost charge column being the high-penetration kinetic energy charge column 22. Then, this composite charge column 2 is installed in the installation cavity of the cutting tool housing 1, loose pyrotechnic powder 3 with a high combustion speed is filled in the central combustion channel 23 of the innermost high-energy-density charge column 21, and a current igniter 4 is installed at the position where the cutting tool housing 1 contacts the pyrotechnic powder 3 at the tail end (i.e., at the position of the ignition port 11), as Figure 1As shown in the figure. After ignition, the pyrotechnic powder 3 at the center burns rapidly and ignites the inner surface of the innermost high-energy density charge 21. The formed metal jet shoots out along the inner hole towards the nozzle 12. After the inner charge burns out, it will ignite the adjacent outer charge. Repeating this process, the inner charges ignite the outer pyrotechnic charges layer by layer along the radial direction, and then alternately generate metal jets with different combustion characteristics (different cutting characteristics) (such as high-temperature jets or high-penetration kinetic energy jets). The metal jets generated by this alternating combustion are shot towards the object to be cut through the nozzle 12 on the cutting tool housing 1.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] Example 2 of the present invention provides a pyrotechnic cutting method for radial alternating combustion cutting. This pyrotechnic cutting method uses the pyrotechnic cutting tool designed in Example 1 above for pyrotechnic cutting. The specific pyrotechnic cutting method is as follows:

[0051] First, fix the object to be cut (specifically select a Q235 steel plate with a thickness of 5.0 mm) at a position about 5.0 mm away from the upper nozzle 12 of the cutting tool.

[0052] Then, after igniting the pyrotechnic cutting tool, the high-energy density charges 21 and high-penetration kinetic energy charges 22 alternately arranged from the inside to the outside in the composite charge 2 burn layer by layer from the inside to the outside along the radial direction, and then alternately generate metal jets with different combustion characteristics (different cutting characteristics). The metal jets pass through the nozzle 12 with a diameter of 5.0 mm and shoot towards the Q235 steel plate at a distance of 5.0 mm for cutting.

[0053] Specifically, after ignition in Example 2 above, the two pyrotechnic charges (including the high-energy density charge 21 and the high-penetration kinetic energy charge 22) in the cutting tool burn alternately, and alternately eject metal jets with different temperatures, speeds, and densities to cut the Q235 steel plate. The results show that this alternating combustion cutting method completely penetrates the Q235 steel plate and the cutting surface is flat, smooth, and the cutting quality is good, as Figure 2 shown.

[0054] Comparative Example 1

[0055] Comparative Example 1 provides a pyrotechnic cutting tool, and the difference from Example 1 is that the composite charge in this pyrotechnic cutting tool of Comparative Example 1 is a structure formed by nesting four high-energy density charges with a thickness ratio of 14:8:6:4 from the inside to the outside. It is different from the composite charge 2 in Example 1, which is a four-layer structure formed by alternately nesting the high-energy density charge 21 and the high-penetration kinetic energy charge 22. The other settings of the cutting tool in Comparative Example 1 are the same as those in Example 1.

[0056] Cut the Q235 steel plate using the cutting tool of Comparative Example 1 in the same manner as in Example 2 above. The results show that the jet ejected from the nozzle of the cutting tool of Comparative Example 1 has a cutting effect on the Q235 steel plate as Figure 3 shown. It can be found that the cutting range on the surface of the steel plate facing the jet is relatively large, but the cutting depth is relatively shallow and the steel plate is not cut through. Its cutting quality is significantly inferior to the cutting method of generating a metal jet by alternating combustion in Example 2.

[0057] In this invention, the method of generating a metal jet by alternating combustion of a high-energy-density charge and a high-penetration-kinetic-energy charge for cutting can reduce the energy loss of the pyrotechnic charge and improve the cutting efficiency of the pyrotechnic. Among them, through the optimized design of the composition of Material A, the metal jet formed by the combustion of the high-energy-density charge acting on the surface of the steel plate can generate a higher temperature; and through the optimized design of the composition of Material B, when the metal jet formed by the combustion of the high-penetration-kinetic-energy charge acts on the surface of the steel plate, it can not only produce a certain penetration effect in the depth direction, but also remove the solid slag and liquid metal on the surface of the steel plate, so as to expose the fresh metal layer inside the steel plate surface, preparing for the subsequent direct action of the high-temperature metal jet on the steel plate surface (the direct action of the high-temperature metal jet on the steel plate surface is beneficial for cutting), thus avoiding the problem that the high-temperature metal jet formed by the combustion of the existing pyrotechnic charge forms solid slag on the surface of the steel plate, which will cause the subsequent high-temperature metal jet to act on the solid slag and be difficult to directly act on the steel plate, resulting in lower cutting efficiency and cutting quality.

[0058] Example 3

[0059] The difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that Material A in Example 3 includes components with the following mass fractions: 28.0 wt% of Al, 58.0 wt% of MnO2, 10.0 wt% of PTFE, and 4.0 wt% of fluororubber; Material B in Example 3 includes components with the following mass fractions: 20.0 wt% of Al, 35.0 wt% of CuO, 20.0 wt% of PTFE, 15.0 wt% of Nb; 5.0 wt% of W, and 5.0 wt% of fluororubber; the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0060] Example 4

[0061] Example 4 is different from Example 1 in that: Material A in Example 4 includes components with the following mass fractions: 20.0 wt% of Al, 60.0 wt% of MnO2, 10.0 wt% of PTFE, and 10.0 wt% of fluororubber; Material B in Example 4 includes components with the following mass fractions: 20.0 wt% of Al, 45.0 wt% of CuO, 5.0 wt% of PTFE, 15.0 wt% of Nb, 6.0 wt% of W, and 9.0 wt% of fluororubber; the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0062] Example 5

[0063] Example 5 is different from Example 1 in that: Material A in Example 5 includes components with the following mass fractions: 30.0 wt% of Al, 40.0 wt% of MnO2, 25.0 wt% of PTFE, and 5.0 wt% of fluororubber; Material B in Example 5 includes components with the following mass fractions: 30.0 wt% of Al, 30.0 wt% of CuO, 20.0 wt% of PTFE, 5.0 wt% of Nb, 13.0 wt% of W, and 2.0 wt% of fluororubber; the rest is the same as in Example 1.

[0064] In addition, the prior art (CN115091020A) discloses a pyrotechnic cutting torch capable of forming pulsed jet characteristics. The grain column therein is stacked axially in an alternating manner and the pyrotechnic cutting torch is ignited from the nozzle. The ignition lead needs to be inserted into the interior from the nozzle and its rear end is closed, which does not conform to the actual application working conditions and is only applicable to laboratory research of small cutting tools. For actual application scenarios such as underground cutting, the environment where the cutting tool is located may have liquid media, and it is required that the front nozzle of the cutting tool is sealed, and it is not convenient to insert the lead from the nozzle. The cutting tool designed in the present invention is ignited by installing a dedicated ignition device at the rear end, and then the pyrotechnic powder in the central circular hole (combustion channel) is ignited, so that the composite grain column forms a jet channel along the central circular hole towards the nozzle. Therefore, the method of radially stacking the grain columns in the present invention is more suitable for the actual working conditions. In addition, the combustion area formed by the axial alternating stacking method of the grain columns in the prior art is small, which is only determined by the inner diameter of the cutting torch and the entire combustion cutting process is unchanged; for the radial combustion cutting method designed for the cutting tool of the present invention, the combustion area of the grain column is larger, and the larger the combustion area is formed as it burns towards the outer layer. Furthermore, the jet energy density ejected per unit time is higher, the jet temperature is higher, and the cutting effect is better.

[0065] The above are the preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. Any obvious changes or variations derived from the technical solutions of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pyrotechnic cutting tool with radial alternating combustion cutting, characterized in that, The pyrotechnic cutting tool includes the following structural settings: A cutting tool housing (1) with an installation cavity inside, and an ignition port (11) and a nozzle (12) that are respectively communicated with the installation cavity are further provided on the cutting tool housing (1); A composite charge (2) is arranged in the installation cavity. It is formed by alternately nesting a number of high-energy-density charges (21) and a number of high-penetration kinetic energy charges (22) from the inside to the outside along the radial direction, so as to be used for burning to form metal jets with different combustion characteristics. A combustion channel (23) penetrating axially is arranged at the center of the innermost high-energy-density charge (21) of the composite charge (2); Pyrotechnic powder (3) with the characteristic of high burning speed is filled in the combustion channel (23) and is used to ignite the innermost high-energy-density charge (21); And an igniter (4) is arranged in the ignition port (11) and is used to ignite the pyrotechnic powder (3).

2. The pyrotechnic cutting tool for radial alternating combustion cutting according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cutting tool housing (1) is set as a cylindrical structure with a cylindrical installation cavity; the composite charge (2) is set as a cylindrical structure adapted to the installation cavity.

3. A pyrotechnic cutting tool for radial alternating combustion cutting according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The axial length of the composite charge (2) is set to be 50-100 mm.

4. A pyrotechnic cutting tool for radial alternating combustion cutting according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The thickness of each charge layer of the composite charge (2) decreases from the inside to the outside.

5. A pyrotechnic cutting tool for radial alternating combustion cutting according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, For the sum of the thicknesses h1 of all the high-energy-density charges (21) and the sum of the thicknesses h2 of all the high-penetration kinetic energy charges (22) in the composite charge (2), h1:h2 = (0.5-5):1 is satisfied.

6. A pyrotechnic cutting tool for radial alternating combustion cutting according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The diameter of the combustion channel (23) is set to be 1.0-10.0 mm.

7. A pyrotechnic cutting tool for radial alternating combustion cutting according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The high-energy-density charge (21) is made of material A with an energy release density of not less than 3500 J / g; Among them, material A includes the following components by mass fraction: Al: 20.0-35.0 wt%; MnO2: 40.0-65.0 wt%; PTFE: 10.0-30.0 wt%; and fluororubber: 1.0-10.0 wt%.

8. A pyrotechnic cutting tool for radial alternating combustion cutting according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The high-penetration kinetic energy charge (22) is made of Material B, and the density of Material B is not less than 3.0 g / cm 3 ; Among them, material B includes the following components by mass fraction: Al: 20.0-35.0 wt%; CuO: 30.0-50.0 wt%; PTFE: 5.0-25.0 wt%; Nb: 5.0-20.0 wt%; W: 5.0-20.0 wt%; and fluororubber: 1.0-10.0 wt%.

9. A pyrotechnic cutting method with radial alternating combustion cutting, characterized in that, This pyrotechnic cutting method uses the pyrotechnic cutting tool described in any one of claims 1-8 for pyrotechnic cutting. The specific pyrotechnic cutting method is as follows: After the pyrotechnic cutting tool is ignited, the high-energy-density charges (21) and the high-penetration kinetic energy charges (22) alternately arranged from the inside to the outside in the composite charge (2) burn layer by layer from the inside to the outside along the radial direction, and then alternately generate metal jets with different combustion characteristics. The metal jets are shot at the object to be cut through the nozzle (12) for cutting.

10. A pyrotechnic cutting method of radial alternating combustion cutting according to claim 9, characterized in that, The distance between the object to be cut and the nozzle (12) is set to be 3.0-15.0 mm.

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