Hole aligning tool and hole aligning method for mounting plate

Abstract

In order to solve the problem that bolts are inconvenient to install due to the fact that bolt holes in an existing power tower assembling device are not aligned, the hole aligning tool of the installation plate and the hole aligning method are provided, and the hole aligning tool comprises a wedge-shaped structure, a visual structure, an action assembly, an outer shell and a controller; the wedge-shaped structure is slidably arranged in the outer shell, and one end of the wedge-shaped structure extends out of the outer shell; the controller and the action assembly are fixedly arranged in the outer shell. The visual structure is arranged on the outer side of the outer shell and is in communication connection with the controller; the action assembly is in transmission connection with the wedge-shaped structure and is used for controlling the wedge-shaped structure to reciprocate; the action structure is also in communication connection with the controller; the visual structure and the wedge-shaped structure are correspondingly arranged, and the visual structure faces the outward extending movement direction of the wedge-shaped structure; the outer shell is further provided with a clamping structure matched with an external mechanical arm in a clamping mode. And the operation of automatically aligning the mounting holes in the plurality of mounting plates is completed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of bolt installation, and in particular to a hole alignment tool and a hole alignment method for a mounting plate. Background Art

[0002] In the operation of assembling a power tower, a large number of components are connected by bolts. On the other hand, there are great risks in high-tower operations, and there are many inconveniences in turning relatively thick bolts at high altitudes. Therefore, most of the mechanical climbing equipment is used to complete the work of automatically tightening the bolts, such as the content shown in the patent application publication number CN116279878A. However, when installing bolts between adjacent mounting plates in a high tower, the mounting holes often correspond to each other but are not completely aligned, and the size of the bolts and mounting holes is usually more consistent, which makes it difficult for the bolts to pass through multiple mounting plates, making it difficult to complete the subsequent connection, installation and fixation. Therefore, a hole alignment tool and a hole alignment method for mounting plates during high-tower operations are needed. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the invention is to solve the deficiencies of the prior art and provide a hole alignment tool and a hole alignment method for a mounting plate.

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A hole alignment tool for a mounting plate comprises a wedge-shaped structure for inserting and aligning a hole position, a visual structure for locating the hole position, an action component for controlling the movement of the wedge-shaped structure, an outer shell and a controller; wherein the wedge-shaped structure is slidably arranged inside the outer shell, and one end of the wedge-shaped structure extends out of the outer shell; the controller and the action component are respectively fixedly arranged inside the outer shell; the visual structure is arranged outside the outer shell, and the visual structure is communicatively connected with the controller; the action component is transmission-connected with the wedge-shaped structure, and is used to control the wedge-shaped structure to reciprocate; the action structure is also communicatively connected with the controller; the visual structure and the wedge-shaped structure are correspondingly arranged, and the visual structure extends outward toward the direction of the movement of the wedge-shaped structure; a clamping structure cooperating with an external manipulator is also arranged on the outer shell.

[0005] Furthermore, the action component includes a motor; the motor is connected to the wedge structure through a gear set and a screw structure; wherein a gear in the gear set is coaxially fixed with the screw in the screw structure, and the wedge structure and the screw are matched through threads; and both ends of the screw are respectively connected to the outer shell for rotation.

[0006] Further, the wedge-shaped structure includes a tension top wedge and tension petals; wherein the upper and lower sides of the tension top wedge are provided with inclined surfaces, so that one end of the tension top wedge forms a tip with a smaller cross-sectional area; tension petals that are slidably engaged with the inclined surfaces are respectively arranged on the inclined surfaces on the upper and lower sides of the tension top wedge; the tension top wedge is in threaded cooperation with the lead screw, and the tension top wedge passes through the front end plate in the outer housing; one end of the tension petal is inserted into a sliding hole arranged inside the front end plate of the outer housing, and the depth direction of the sliding hole is perpendicular to the movement direction of the tension top wedge; the other end of the tension petal is provided with a tip.

[0007] Further, sliding grooves are respectively arranged on the inclined surfaces on the upper and lower sides of the tension top wedge, and sliding protrusions that cooperate with the sliding grooves are arranged on the tension petals, and the sliding protrusions are embedded in the sliding grooves.

[0008] Further, connecting columns that are inserted into the front end plate are also arranged on the tension petals, connecting holes corresponding to the connecting columns are arranged on the front end plate, and a second spring is also arranged in the connecting holes, and the second spring presses the tension petals against the tension top wedge.

[0009] Further, a slot hole for restricting the sliding of the wedge-shaped structure is also arranged on the outer housing, and a slot block that cooperates with the slot hole is arranged on one side of the wedge-shaped structure that fits with the outer housing.

[0010] Further, the wedge-shaped structure also includes a locking tongue, the locking tongue is integrally strip-shaped, and the locking tongue is embedded in a strip-shaped locking hole on the side surface of the tension top wedge; one end of the locking tongue away from the tip of the tension top wedge is provided with an inclined slope surface that inclines outward, and this inclined slope surface serves as the slot block that cooperates with the slot hole; the other end of the locking tongue is provided with an L-shaped bending structure; when the locking tongue fits with the bottom of the locking hole, the inclined slope surface extends out of the locking hole to cooperate with the slot hole, and the bending structure is hidden in the locking hole.

[0011] Further, the vision structure includes at least three lasers and a camera; the lasers are fixedly arranged on the outer housing, and the irradiation direction of the lasers is parallel to the length direction of the lead screw; the lasers are arranged around the tension top wedge; the camera faces the part irradiated by the lasers, and the camera is rotatably connected to the outer housing.

[0012] Further, the clamping structure includes a universal coupling, a flexible front end and a flexible handle; both ends of the universal coupling are respectively connected to the flexible front end and the flexible handle, the flexible front end is also fixedly connected to the outer housing, and the flexible handle is used for clamping and cooperating with an external manipulator; a first spring is also arranged between the outer housing and the flexible handle; a clamping plate that extends inward is arranged inside the outer housing, the clamping plate is fixedly connected to the flexible front end, and the clamping plate also abuts against one end of the first spring, and the first spring is sleeved between the flexible front end and the universal coupling.

[0013] A hole alignment method, based on the above hole alignment tool, the hole alignment method includes the following steps: Step 1: The external robot grips the hole alignment tool to a position close to the mounting hole; Step 2: The controller controls the laser in the visual structure to start, irradiate the laser, and form a laser irradiation area on the mounting plate; Step 3: The camera collects an image of the laser irradiation part on the mounting plate to determine whether the mounting hole is located in the connecting area of ​​the laser irradiation part; if it is located in the connecting area of ​​the irradiation part, proceed to the next step; otherwise, adjust the moving position of the robot and return to step 1; Step 4: The controller controls the motor in the action component to move, and controls the tensioning top wedge in the wedge-shaped structure to penetrate into the mounting hole; Step 5: One side of the slope surface in the lock tongue on the side of the tension top wedge moves to the edge of the slot, and is pressed down by the outer shell as it continues to move. One end of the bent structure in the lock tongue is tilted up due to the lever effect and presses against the mounting plate; Step 6: The camera acquires an image and detects that the lock tongue is tilted, proving that the hole alignment operation on the mounting plate has been completed. The tensioning top wedge is retracted and the step ends.

[0014] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: By setting a movable wedge structure, cooperating with the action components and the visual structure, the automatic alignment of the mounting holes on multiple mounting plates is completed, which facilitates the subsequent bolt installation, avoids manual participation, and improves the safety of high-altitude operations; By providing a wedge-shaped structure including a tensioning top wedge and a tensioning petal, on the one hand, the end of the tensioning top wedge can easily enter the mounting hole, and on the other hand, in cooperation with the tensioning petal, the edge of the mounting hole can be pressed as much as possible, so that the mounting hole can be better aligned; By setting the lock tongue to match the slot hole, it can match the sliding direction of the tensioning top wedge on the one hand, and on the other hand, it can tilt the lock tongue after moving to the set stroke to prevent the tensioning top wedge from continuing to move forward; By setting the clamping structure including the universal coupling, the flexible front end and the flexible handle, in cooperation with the first spring, the clamping structure has the ability of elastic bending and deformation, so that when there is no threaded hole directly facing the threaded hole, the clamping structure can be bent and deformed as a whole to make corrections, so as to facilitate the alignment of the mounting holes. In addition, when the wedge-shaped structure penetrates too deeply into the mounting hole, it can also play a certain elastic buffering role. By adopting the hole alignment method, the alignment of the mounting holes of different mounting plates can be completed during aerial work. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1; Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the overall structure of Example 1; Figure 3Exploded view of the wedge-shaped structure part of Embodiment 1; Figure 4 Top view of the wedge-shaped structure of Embodiment 1; Figure 5 For Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the A-A cross-section of Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the power component and clamping structure part of Embodiment 1 Figure 7 Exploded view of the clamping structure part of Embodiment 1.

[0016] Explanation of the drawing reference numerals: Wedge-shaped structure 1, Tension top wedge 11, Slide groove 111, Lock hole 112, Tension flap 12, Sliding protrusion 121, Connecting column 122, Lock tongue 13, Sloping surface 131, Bending structure 132, Visual structure 2, Laser 21, Camera 22, Action component 3, Motor 31, Gear set 32, Lead screw structure 33, Photoelectric sensor 34, Light-shielding plate 35, Outer housing 4, Front end plate 41, Slide hole 411, Connecting hole 412, Second spring 413, Rear end plate 42, Slot hole 43, Clamping plate 44, Controller 5, Clamping structure 6, Universal coupling 61, Flexible front end 62, Flexible handle 63, First spring 64. Detailed implementation manners

[0017] The following uses specific specific examples to illustrate the implementation manners of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific implementation manners. Various details in this specification can also be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that, without conflict, the following embodiments and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0018] It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments only illustrate the basic concept of the present invention in a schematic manner. Therefore, only the components related to the present invention are shown in the drawings, rather than being drawn according to the number, shape, and size of the components in actual implementation. The type, quantity, and ratio of each component in actual implementation can be an arbitrary change, and the component layout type may also be more complex.

[0019] Embodiment 1: As Figures 1 to 7As shown in the figure, a hole alignment tool for a mounting plate includes a wedge-shaped structure 1 for inserting and aligning hole positions, a vision structure 2 for positioning hole positions, an action component 3 for controlling the movement of the wedge-shaped structure 1, a housing 4, and a controller 5. The wedge-shaped structure 1 is slidably disposed inside the housing 4, and one end of the wedge-shaped structure 1 extends out of the housing 4. The controller 5 and the action component 3 are respectively fixedly disposed inside the housing 4. The controller 5 is located near the lower part inside the housing 4, while the action component 3 and the wedge-shaped structure 1 are located in the upper region inside the housing 4. The vision structure 2 is disposed outside the housing 4 and is communicatively connected to the controller 5. The action component 3 is drivingly connected to the wedge-shaped structure 1 for controlling the reciprocating movement of the wedge-shaped structure 1. The action structure is also communicatively connected to the controller 5. The vision structure 2 is correspondingly disposed with the wedge-shaped structure 1, and the vision structure 2 faces the direction in which the wedge-shaped structure 1 extends outwards. A clamping structure 6 for clamping and cooperating with an external manipulator is further disposed on the housing 4. After the wedge-shaped structure 1 is driven by the action component 3 to insert into the mounting holes on the mounting plate, the mounting holes between two or more mounting plates can be aligned, facilitating the subsequent insertion of bolts to complete the threaded connection of the power tower erection.

[0020] The action component 3 includes a motor 31. The motor 31 is drivingly connected to the wedge-shaped structure 1 through a gear set 32 and a lead screw structure 33. The gear set 32 is located between the lead screw structure 33 and the motor 31 for transmitting the torque of the motor 31 to the lead screw structure 33. The gear set 32 includes three gears. One of the gears is coaxially and fixedly disposed with the lead screw in the lead screw structure 33. Another gear is drivingly disposed on the front end plate 41. The last gear is disposed on the output shaft of the motor 31. The gear on the front end plate 41 meshes with the other two gears respectively to achieve transmission. The wedge-shaped structure 1 is in threaded cooperation with the lead screw. Both ends of the lead screw are rotatably connected to the housing 4. In this example, two parallel front end plates 41 and rear end plates 42 are respectively disposed at the front end and the rear end of the housing 4. A lead screw is rotatably disposed between the front end plate 41 and the rear end plate 42. Through the meshing cooperation of the three gears in the gear set 32, the motor 31 drives the lead screw to rotate. After the lead screw rotates, it can drive the wedge-shaped structure 1 on the lead screw to perform reciprocating movement to complete the hole alignment action.

[0021] The wedge-shaped structure 1 includes a tensioning top wedge 11 and a tensioning petal 12; wherein the upper and lower sides of the tensioning top wedge 11 are arranged as inclined surfaces, so that one end of the tensioning top wedge 11 forms an "I"-shaped tip with a smaller cross-sectional area, which is convenient for inserting into the mounting hole. In this example, the tip of the tensioning top wedge 11 faces the mounting hole of the mounting plate outside the outer shell 4; the inclined surfaces on the upper and lower sides of the tensioning top wedge 11 are respectively provided with tensioning petals 12 that slide with the inclined surfaces, and the tensioning petals 12 are used to prevent the tensioning top wedge 11 from excessively penetrating into the mounting hole when aligning with the mounting hole, resulting in squeezing and damaging the structure of the edge of the mounting hole; the tensioning top wedge 11 is threadedly matched with the lead screw, and the end of the tensioning top wedge 11 also passes through the front end plate 41 in the outer shell 4; The other end is provided with a sliding structure that cooperates with the sliding hole 411 provided inside the front end plate 41 of the outer shell 4, so that the tensioning petal 12 also slides with the sliding hole 411 and slides along the depth direction of the sliding hole 411. The depth direction of the sliding hole 411 is perpendicular to the movement direction of the tensioning top wedge 11, so that the tensioning petal 12 will only move up and down in the sliding hole 411, and will not move in the movement direction of the tensioning top wedge 11; when the tensioning top wedge 11 extends to the outside of the outer shell 4, the tensioning petals 12 on the upper and lower sides of the tensioning top wedge 11 move into the sliding hole 411 respectively, and vice versa, the tensioning petal 12 moves toward the center line of the tensioning top wedge 11; the other end of the tensioning petal 12 is set to a pointed end, which is convenient for the tensioning petal 12 to probe into the mounting hole on the mounting plate. The tensioning petal 12 is also provided with a connecting column 122 inserted into the front end plate 41, and the front end plate 41 is provided with a connecting hole 412 corresponding to the connecting column 122. A second spring 413 is also provided in the connecting hole 412. The second spring 413 presses the tensioning petal 12 against the tensioning top wedge 11, so that the tensioning petal 12 is kept in close contact with the upper and lower inclined surfaces of the tensioning top wedge 11. In order to make the tensioning petal 12 better fit the tensioning top wedge 11, the side of the tensioning petal 12 facing the tensioning top wedge 11 is also provided with an inclined surface. The inclined surfaces on the upper and lower sides of the tensioning top wedge 11 are respectively provided with sliding grooves 111, and the tensioning petal 12 is provided with a sliding protrusion 121 that cooperates with the sliding groove 111, and the sliding protrusion 121 is embedded in the sliding groove 111.

[0022] The outer shell 4 is also provided with a slot hole 43 for limiting the sliding of the wedge-shaped structure 1, and the length direction of the slot hole 43 is consistent with the movement direction of the tensioning top wedge 11; a slot block that cooperates with the slot hole 43 is provided on the side where the wedge-shaped structure 1 is in contact with the outer shell 4; the slot block is limited to slide in the slot hole 43, which on the one hand prevents the wedge-shaped structure 1 from shaking up and down, and on the other hand prevents the slot block from leaving the area where the slot hole 43 is located, thereby limiting the movement range of the tensioning top wedge 11.

[0023] The wedge-shaped structure 1 also includes a locking tongue 13, which is in the shape of an elongated strip as a whole and is embedded in the elongated locking hole 112 on the side of the tensioning top wedge 11; one end of the locking tongue 13 away from the tip of the tensioning top wedge 11 is provided with a slope surface 131 that is inclined and protrudes outward, and in this example, the slope surface 131 is used as a groove block that cooperates with the groove hole 43 on the outer shell 4; the other end of the locking tongue 13 is provided with an L-shaped bending structure 132; when the locking tongue 13 is in contact with the bottom of the locking hole 112, the slope surface 131 extends out of the locking hole 112 and The slot hole 43 cooperates, and the bent structure 132 is hidden in the lock hole 112. At this time, the bent structure 132 in the lock tongue 13 will not affect the wedge structure 1 from penetrating into the installation hole; and when the slope surface 131 in the lock tongue 13 moves to the end of the slot hole 43 on the outer shell 4, as the tensioning top wedge 11 continues to move, the lock tongue 13 is pressed down by the inner wall of the outer shell 4. At this time, the bent structure 132 at the other end of the lock tongue 13 is lifted up by the lever force, playing a role of resisting the edge of the installation hole, preventing the tensioning top wedge 11 from excessively penetrating into the installation hole. It should be noted that the position of the bent structure 132 in the lock tongue 13 in the length direction of the tensioning top wedge 11 corresponds to the end of the tensioning petal 12, and the lock tongue 13 can form a mutual cooperation relationship with the tensioning petal 12 to prevent the tensioning top wedge 11 from excessively penetrating into the installation hole and damaging the installation hole structure. The locking tongue 13 is provided with a locking column on the back side of the side provided with the slope surface 131, and a corresponding locking hole is provided in the locking hole 112 of the tensioning top wedge 11, so that when the locking tongue 13 is pressed down by the slope surface 131, the locking column can be embedded in the locking hole, thereby enhancing the load bearing capacity of the locking tongue 13 and ensuring that it abuts against the edge of the installation hole. In this example, a rotating shaft for rotational connection is also provided inside the locking hole of the locking tongue and the tensioning top wedge, and the rotating shaft passes through the locking tongue and is connected to the two side walls of the locking hole.

[0024] The visual structure 2 includes at least three lasers 21 and a camera 22. The connecting lines of the irradiation positions of more than three lasers 21 can form a graph. According to the positional relationship between the graph and the mounting hole, it is possible to determine whether the wedge-shaped structure 1 is preliminarily aligned with the mounting hole. The laser 21 is fixedly arranged on the outer shell 4. The irradiation direction of the laser 21 is parallel to the length direction of the lead screw. In this example, the laser 21 irradiates the direction in which the tensioning top wedge 11 extends out of the outer shell 4. The laser 21 is arranged around the tensioning top wedge 11 so that the irradiation position of the laser 21 can surround the tensioning top wedge 11. The camera 22 faces the position irradiated by the laser 21. The camera 22 is rotatably connected to the outer shell 4, which is convenient for adjusting the angle of the camera 22, adapting to the different distance requirements of the tensioning top wedge 11 when aligning mounting holes of different apertures, so that the camera 22 can always face the irradiation position of the laser 21 on the mounting plate. In this example, the camera 22 is located near the bottom of the outer shell 4, which is convenient for connecting with the controller 5 located at the lower end inside the outer shell 4.

[0025] The clamping structure 6 includes a universal coupling 61, a flexible front end 62, and a flexible handle 63; both ends of the universal coupling 61 are respectively connected to the flexible front end 62 and the flexible handle 63, and the flexible front end 62 is also fixedly connected to the outer housing 4, and the flexible handle 63 is used for clamping cooperation with an external manipulator; a first spring 64 is further arranged between the outer housing 4 and the flexible handle 63; a clamping plate 44 extending inwards is arranged inside the outer housing 4, the clamping plate 44 is fixedly connected to the flexible front end 62, and the clamping plate 44 also abuts against one end of the first spring 64, and the first spring 64 is sleeved between the flexible front end 62 and the universal coupling 61; so that even when the threaded hole is not directly faced, certain correction can be performed through the bending deformation generated by the whole clamping structure 6, facilitating the alignment operation of the installation holes. Additionally, it can also play a certain elastic buffering role when the wedge-shaped structure 1 penetrates too deeply into the installation hole. In this example, the clamping structure 6 passes through the rear end plate 42 of the outer housing 4 and enters the interior of the outer housing 4. It should be noted that the opening part on the outer housing 4 is larger than the penetration surface of the clamping structure 6, so as to provide a space margin for the bending of the clamping structure 6. The flexible handle 63 includes two parts, one part is a flexible rod for connecting with the universal coupling 61, and the other part is a rigid T-shaped rod for clamping cooperation with an external manipulator, facilitating the manipulator to clamp the T-shaped rod stably without torsion.

[0026] Two photoelectric sensors 34 for detecting positions are respectively arranged at corresponding positions on the side of the lead screw structure 33 in the motion assembly 3. A corresponding light shielding plate 35 is also arranged on the lead screw nut fixedly connected to the tensioning wedge 11 in the lead screw structure 33. The light shielding plate 35 cooperates with the photoelectric sensors 34 to control the maximum and minimum strokes of the tensioning wedge 11, preventing the lead screw structure 33 from rotating excessively, causing the lead screw nut to reach both ends of the lead screw and damaging other components at both ends.

[0027] A hole alignment method, based on the above-mentioned hole alignment tool, the hole alignment method includes the following steps: Step 1: Clamp the hole alignment tool by an external manipulator and reach a position close to the installation hole; this step is usually realized by an existing tower climbing mechanical platform, such as the equipment shown in the patent with the application publication number CN116279878A mentioned in the background art; Step 2: The controller controls the laser in the vision structure to start, irradiate the laser, and form a laser irradiation part on the installation plate; Step 3: The camera collects an image of the laser irradiation part on the mounting plate to determine whether the mounting hole is located in the connecting area of ​​the laser irradiation part; if it is located in the connecting area of ​​the irradiation part, proceed to the next step; otherwise, adjust the moving position of the manipulator and return to step 1; It should be noted that the image recognition of the camera image adopts an existing recognition method, such as relying on a trained image recognition model to complete the process; Step 4: The controller controls the motor in the action component to move, and controls the tensioning top wedge in the wedge-shaped structure to penetrate into the mounting hole; Step 5: One side of the slope surface in the lock tongue on the side of the tension top wedge moves to the edge of the slot, and is pressed down by the outer shell as it continues to move. One end of the bent structure in the lock tongue is tilted up due to the lever effect and presses against the mounting plate; Step 6: The camera acquires an image and detects that the lock tongue is tilted, proving that the hole alignment operation on the mounting plate has been completed. The tensioning top wedge is retracted and the step ends.

[0028] During the implementation process, by setting a movable wedge structure, cooperating with the action component and the visual structure, the automatic alignment of the mounting holes on multiple mounting plates is completed, which is convenient for subsequent bolt installation, avoids manual participation, and improves the safety of high-altitude operations; by setting the wedge structure including the tensioning top wedge and the tensioning flap, on the one hand, the end of the tensioning top wedge can easily enter the mounting hole, and on the other hand, in conjunction with the tensioning flap, it can resist the edge of the mounting hole as much as possible, so that the mounting holes can be better aligned; by setting the lock tongue to cooperate with the slot hole, on the one hand, it can cooperate with the sliding direction of the tensioning top wedge, and on the other hand, it can tilt the lock tongue after moving to the set stroke to prevent the tensioning top wedge from continuing to move forward; by setting the clamping structure including the universal coupling, the flexible front end and the flexible handle, in conjunction with the first spring, it has the ability of elastic bending deformation, so that in the case of not facing the threaded hole, it can also be corrected by the bending deformation generated by the clamping structure as a whole, so as to facilitate the completion of the alignment of the mounting holes. In addition, when the wedge structure is too deep into the mounting hole, it can also play a certain elastic buffering role; by adopting the hole alignment method, the alignment of the mounting holes of different mounting plates during high-altitude operations is completed.

[0029] The above description is only a specific example of the present invention and does not constitute any limitation to the present invention. It is obvious that for professionals in this field, after understanding the content and principle of the present invention, various modifications and changes in form and details may be made without departing from the principle and structure of the present invention, but these modifications and changes based on the idea of ​​the present invention are still within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hole-aligning tool for a mounting plate, characterized in that It includes a wedge-shaped structure (1) for inserting alignment holes, a visual structure (2) for positioning holes, an action component (3) for controlling the action of the wedge-shaped structure (1), a housing (4), and a controller (5); wherein the wedge-shaped structure (1) is slidably arranged inside the housing (4), and one end of the wedge-shaped structure (1) extends out of the housing (4); the controller (5) and the action component (3) are respectively fixedly arranged inside the housing (4); the visual structure (2) is arranged outside the housing (4), and the visual structure (2) is communicatively connected to the controller (5); the action component (3) is drivingly connected to the wedge-shaped structure (1) for controlling the reciprocating motion of the wedge-shaped structure (1); the action structure is also communicatively connected to the controller (5); the visual structure (2) is correspondingly arranged with the wedge-shaped structure (1), and the visual structure (2) faces the direction in which the wedge-shaped structure (1) extends outwards; a clamping structure (6) for clamping and cooperating with an external manipulator is also arranged on the housing (4).

2. The hole alignment tool for a mounting plate according to claim 1, wherein The action component (3) includes a motor (31); the motor (31) is drivingly connected to the wedge-shaped structure (1) through a gear set (32) and a lead screw structure (33); one of the gears in the gear set (32) is coaxially and fixedly arranged with the lead screw in the lead screw structure (33), and the wedge-shaped structure (1) is in threaded cooperation with the lead screw; both ends of the lead screw are rotatably connected to the housing (4).

3. The hole alignment tool for a mounting plate according to claim 2, characterized in that, The wedge-shaped structure (1) includes a tensioning top wedge (11) and tensioning petals (12); wherein the upper and lower sides of the tensioning top wedge (11) are set as inclined planes, so that one end of the tensioning top wedge (11) forms a tip with a smaller cross-sectional area; tensioning petals (12) that are slidably matched with the inclined planes are respectively arranged on the upper and lower inclined planes of the tensioning top wedge (11); the tensioning top wedge (11) is in threaded cooperation with the lead screw, and the tensioning top wedge (11) passes through the front end plate (41) in the housing (4); one end of the tensioning petal (12) is inserted into a sliding hole (411) arranged inside the front end plate (41) of the housing (4), and the depth direction of the sliding hole (411) is perpendicular to the movement direction of the tensioning top wedge (11); the other end of the tensioning petal (12) is set as a tip.

4. The hole alignment tool for a mounting plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, Chute grooves (111) are respectively arranged on the upper and lower inclined planes of the tensioning top wedge (11), and sliding protrusions (121) that cooperate with the chute grooves (111) are arranged on the tensioning petals (12), and the sliding protrusions (121) are embedded in the chute grooves (111).

5. The hole alignment tool for a mounting plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, A connecting column (122) for inserting into the front end plate (41) is also arranged on the tensioning petal (12), a connecting hole (412) corresponding to the connecting column (122) is arranged on the front end plate (41), and a second spring (413) is also arranged in the connecting hole (412), and the second spring (413) presses the tensioning petal (12) against the tensioning top wedge (11).

6. The hole alignment tool for a mounting plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, A slot hole (43) for restricting the sliding of the wedge-shaped structure (1) is also arranged on the housing (4), and a slot block that cooperates with the slot hole (43) is arranged on the side of the wedge-shaped structure (1) that fits with the housing (4).

7. The hole alignment tool for a mounting plate according to claim 6, characterized in that, The wedge-shaped structure (1) further comprises a locking tongue (13), which is in the shape of an elongated strip as a whole and is embedded in a strip-shaped locking hole (112) on the side of the tensioning top wedge (11); one end of the locking tongue (13) away from the tip of the tensioning top wedge (11) is provided with a slope surface (131) inclined outwardly, and the slope surface (131) serves as a slot block that cooperates with the slot hole (43); the other end of the locking tongue (13) is provided with an L-shaped bending structure (132); when the locking tongue (13) is in contact with the bottom of the locking hole (112), the slope surface (131) extends out of the locking hole (112) and cooperates with the slot hole (43), and the bending structure (132) is hidden in the locking hole (112).

8. The hole alignment tool for a mounting plate according to claim 3, characterized in that, The visual structure (2) comprises at least three lasers (21) and a camera (22); the lasers (21) are fixedly arranged on the outer shell (4), and the irradiation direction of the lasers (21) is parallel to the length direction of the lead screw; the lasers (21) are arranged around the tensioning top wedge (11); the camera (22) faces the part irradiated by the lasers (21), and the camera (22) is rotatably connected to the outer shell (4).

9. The hole alignment tool for a mounting plate according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping structure (6) comprises a universal coupling (61), a flexible front end (62) and a flexible handle (63); the two ends of the universal coupling (61) are respectively connected to the flexible front end (62) and the flexible handle (63); the flexible front end (62) is also fixedly connected to the outer shell (4); the flexible handle (63) is used for clamping and cooperating with an external manipulator; a first spring (64) is also arranged between the outer shell (4) and the flexible handle (63); an inwardly extending clamping plate (44) is arranged inside the outer shell (4); the clamping plate (44) is fixedly connected to the flexible front end (62); the clamping plate (44) is also abutted against one end of the first spring (64); the first spring (64) is sleeved between the flexible front end (62) and the universal coupling (61).

10. A hole-making method, characterized in that, Based on the hole alignment tool according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the hole alignment method comprises the following steps: Step 1: The external robot grips the hole alignment tool to a position close to the mounting hole; Step 2: The controller (5) controls the laser (21) in the visual structure (2) to start, irradiate the laser, and form a laser irradiation area on the mounting plate; Step 3: The camera (22) collects an image of the laser irradiation portion on the mounting plate to determine whether the mounting hole is located in the connection area of ​​the irradiation portion of the laser (21); if it is located in the connection area of ​​the irradiation portion, proceed to the next step; otherwise, adjust the movement position of the robot arm and return to step 1; Step 4: The controller (5) controls the motor (31) in the action component (3) to move, thereby controlling the tensioning top wedge (11) in the wedge-shaped structure (1) to penetrate into the installation hole; Step 5: One side of the slope surface (131) of the locking tongue (13) on the side of the tensioning top wedge (11) moves to the edge of the slot (43), and is pressed down by the outer shell (4) as it continues to move, and one end of the bent structure (132) in the locking tongue (13) is tilted up due to the lever effect and abuts against the mounting plate; Step 6: The camera (22) acquires an image. When it detects that the locking tongue (13) is tilted up, it proves that the hole alignment operation on the mounting plate has been completed. Then, the tensioning wedge (11) is retracted to end the step.

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