Deslagging, impurity removing, sand removing, oil removing and dirt removing all-in-one machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a deslagging, impurity-removing, sand-removing, oil-removing and dirt-removing all-in-one machine, which adopts a filter cloth type inclined plate coupling asymmetric eyelet design, is equipped with an automatic backwashing air knife and a water knife in a standard manner, is stepless and adjustable, and intercepted slag, impurity, sand and oil dirt fall into a squeezer along with the filter to be dewatered and then are temporarily stored or cleared. Various complex equipment / structures such as a fine grid, a membrane grid, a grit chamber and an air floatation tank are perfectly replaced and eliminated, maintenance-free long-term non-stop operation is realized, and the difficult problems of sand slag accumulation, hair fiber winding, particle COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) entrainment, high aeration air quantity and the like caused by general insufficient pretreatment degree are skillfully solved; large-area damage, caused by current overload, to high-value equipment such as a stirrer, a flow impeller, a submersible pump and a sludge pump is thoroughly avoided, multiple functions of slag removal, impurity removal, sand removal, oil removal and dirt removal are achieved in a one-stop mode, and very important supporting significance and engineering value are achieved for pollution reduction and carbon reduction, cost control and efficiency improvement, quality improvement and capacity expansion, load scheduling and operation and maintenance optimization.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of wastewater treatment, and particularly to an integrated machine for removing slag, impurities, sand, oil and dirt. Background Art

[0002] Since British engineers E. Ardern and W.T. Lockett opened the door to biological methods in 1914, although the technology of wastewater treatment has been iterated for more than a hundred years, the forms and contents of pretreatment have not seen any substantial changes. In particular, since China promulgated and implemented the "Discharge Standard of Pollutants for Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plants" (GB18918-2002), pretreatment (i.e., after the coarse grid and before biological treatment) generally draws on foreign experience and is still limited to various complex equipment / structures such as fine grids, membrane grids, grit chambers, and dissolved air flotation tanks. Literature research found that the "Outdoor Drainage Design Standard" (GB50014-2021), which was issued by the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development on April 9, 2021 and implemented on October 21, 2021, is still the current latest version. The technical regulations involved are briefly introduced as follows: Fine grid: The grid bar gap should be preferably 1.5 mm to 10 mm, and the flow velocity through the grid should be preferably 0.6 m / s to 1.0 m / s.

[0003] Membrane grid: There are no relevant articles. Referring to the American WEF Manual of Practice No36 “ Membrane Bioreactors ”, the hollow membrane module should be preferably ≤1.0 mm, and the flat membrane module should be preferably ≤3.0 mm.

[0004] Grit chamber: It should be designed to remove sand particles with a relative density of 2.65 and a particle size of more than 0.2 mm. The grit quantity can be calculated according to 0.03 L / m 3 and the grit quantity of the combined sewer system should be determined according to the actual situation.

[0005] Dissolved air flotation tank: There are no relevant articles. Referring to the "Technical Specification for Wastewater Dissolved Air Flotation Treatment Engineering" (HJ 2007-2010), the rising flow velocity in the contact chamber of the dissolved air flotation tank should be preferably 10.0 mm / s to 20.0 mm / s, and the falling flow velocity in the separation chamber should be preferably 1.5 mm / s to 2.0 mm / s, which can effectively remove light organic particles, animal and vegetable oils, etc.

[0006] After more than 20 years of practice in China, the industry has gradually reached a consensus on the functional positioning of the above-mentioned fine screens, membrane screens, grit chambers, and flotation tanks, that is, the fine screen removes impurities but not hair, the membrane screen removes fibers and slag but not sand, the grit chamber removes sand but not dirt and slag, and the flotation tank removes dirt but not others. From the perspective of engineering construction, fine screens and membrane screens are non-standard customized equipment, which are used in every factory but are different in each factory; grit chambers and flotation tanks are non-standard structures, with a long construction period and auxiliary equipment (such as blowers, sand discharge pumps, scum scraping mechanisms, etc.) have to be selected. At the construction drawing level, the vertical design and plane layout of non-standard equipment and non-standard structures require experienced engineers to complete, and the complexity of the design often reduces the reliability and stability of use to a certain extent. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a multi-functional integrated machine of "structuring equipment" to break through the bottleneck and empower the wastewater treatment industry in the new era of reclaimed water.

[0007] As can be seen from the above, the underlying logic of pretreatment is essentially gravity separation and mechanical screening, among which gravity separation gives rise to grit removal and flotation. After checking the "Design Standard for Outdoor Wastewater Disposal" (GB50014-2021), it is found that inclined plates (tubes) are the most efficient form of gravity separation. However, the regulation on page 51, item 7.5.15 states that "the horizontal inclination angle should preferably be 60 degrees", which greatly limits the further improvement of the liquid-solid separation efficiency.

[0008] How to couple the most efficient gravity separation (i.e., inclined plates) with the simplest mechanical screening, break through the limitation of "the horizontal inclination angle should preferably be 60 degrees", and ingeniously construct an integrated machine with functions of slag removal, impurity removal, sand removal, oil removal, and dirt removal, to preferably replace the long-used fine screens, membrane screens, grit chambers, and flotation tanks, seems to be an urgent need for the general trend of wastewater pretreatment technology. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a multi-functional integrated machine for slag removal, impurity removal, sand removal, oil removal, and dirt removal, which adopts a filter cloth type inclined plate coupled with an asymmetric hole design, is standard equipped with an automatic backwashing air knife and water knife and is steplessly adjustable. The intercepted slag, impurities, sand, oil, and dirt fall into the squeezer along with the movement for dehydration and then are temporarily stored or transported away. It perfectly replaces various complex equipment / structures such as fine screens, membrane screens, grit chambers, and flotation tanks, operates without maintenance and without stopping for a long time, and ingeniously solves thorny problems such as sand and slag accumulation, hair and fiber entanglement, particulate COD entrainment, and high aeration volume caused by generally insufficient pretreatment, completely avoiding large-area damage to high-value equipment such as agitators, propellers, submersible pumps, and sludge pumps due to current overload, and realizing multiple functions of slag removal, impurity removal, sand removal, oil removal, and dirt removal in one stop. Thus, it saves more than 90% of the civil engineering, reduces reactive aeration by more than 80%, saves more than 60% of the power consumption, 50% or more of the pipelines, instruments, and valves, and reduces the oxygen demand in the biochemical section by more than 20%.

[0010] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: The described integrated machine for slag, impurity, sand, oil and dirt removal adopts a filter cloth type inclined plate coupling asymmetric hole design, and is standard equipped with an automatic backwashing air knife and water knife to achieve forced screening and absolute removal of slag, impurity, sand, oil and dirt, perfectly replacing and phasing out various complex equipment / structures such as fine grids, membrane grids, grit chambers, and flotation tanks. It is characterized in that the wastewater first passes through a coarse grid to intercept large floating objects such as branches, plastic bags, and cardboard, and after being sent into the integrated machine for slag, impurity, sand, oil and dirt removal, the sinkable slag, impurity, sand, oil and dirt naturally settle on the filter cloth type inclined plate by gravity, while the floating slag, impurity, sand, oil and dirt actively move obliquely upward along the filter cloth type inclined plate and are transported to the apex of the roller, and then are passively turned over and dropped into the press for continuous dehydration as the roller rotates in a circle. The solid waste is temporarily stored or immediately transported out, and the liquid phase returns to the water inlet side; the wastewater then passes through the filter cloth type inclined plate for filtration and enters the water outlet space, and then is distributed to the downstream anaerobic, anoxic, or aerobic tank at one or multiple points according to the process requirements, and is introduced into the secondary biochemical treatment for nitrogen and phosphorus removal cycle.

[0011] The pre-treatment interception accuracy of the described coarse grid should be 10mm - 40mm, and preferably 10mm - 15mm is recommended.

[0012] The holes of the described filter cloth type inclined plate adopt an asymmetric frustum or trapezoid design with a narrow inlet side and a wide outlet side. The ratio of the inlet side to the outlet side should be 1:(1.5 - 5.5), and preferably 1:(1.5 - 2.5) is recommended; the aperture of the inlet side should be 10μm - 1000μm, and preferably 100μm - 500μm is recommended.

[0013] The filter cloth type inclined plate and the frame are sealed with a flexible pressure strip. The upper part outside the filter cloth type inclined plate is the water inlet space, and an overflow trough is provided at the top of the water inlet space; the lower part outside is the water outlet space, and the water outlet space is connected to the outlet pipe.

[0014] The liquid level difference before and after the filter cloth type inclined plate is linked to the rotation speed of the driving shaft by PLC. For example, when the liquid level difference ≥ 150mm, the driving shaft is automatically triggered to run at 1.5 times the speed until the liquid level difference drops; when the liquid level difference ≤ 50mm, the driving shaft is automatically triggered to resume the normal speed of 1.0 until the liquid level difference rises, and so on. In extreme cases, when the wastewater volume or the solid matter (slag, impurity, sand, oil and dirt) flux far exceeds the design value, part of the wastewater automatically returns to the previous coarse grid through the overflow trough, effectively preventing the untreated wastewater from directly bypassing to the subsequent biological treatment section.

[0015] The filter cloth type inclined plate is driven by a driving shaft and forms a working loop together with a driven shaft and a tensioning shaft. One or more reinforcing racks are optionally selected in the middle of the inner side of the filter cloth type inclined plate, and the rack specifications are meshed with the racks fixed in the middle of the driving shaft and the driven shaft. The width of the rack should be 10mm - 150mm, and preferably 10mm - 50mm is recommended.

[0016] An air knife and a water knife are provided between the driving shaft and the driven shaft / tensioning shaft, and the purging direction is from inside to outside and from top to bottom. The purging of the air knife and the water knife is linked to the rotational speed of the driving shaft and is steplessly adjustable. The air knife and the water knife can be selected to be installed separately or together according to the high or low load of slag, sand, oil, and grease in the wastewater, and can operate intermittently or continuously.

[0017] The described squeezer adopts a shaftless screw and a high-strength filter screen design. The pitch should be 100 mm to 500 mm, preferably recommended to be 150 mm to 200 mm; the filter screen accuracy should be 500 μm to 2000 μm, preferably recommended to be 1000 μm to 1500 μm. Generally, the water content of the slag discharged from the squeezer is 40% to 60%, and it can be temporarily stored or promptly removed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] The drawings forming a part of this specification and used to further understand the present invention show the preferred embodiments of the present invention and, together with the specification, are used to explain the principles and structures of the present invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 is the 3D schematic diagram of an integrated machine for removing slag, impurities, sand, oil, and dirt according to the present invention; The reference numerals in the figure: 1 is the water inlet, 2 is the water inlet space, 3 is the overflow tank, 4 is the flexible strip, 5 is the driven shaft, 6 is the tensioning shaft, 7 is the water outlet, 8 is the water outlet space, 9 is the air knife and the water knife, 10 is the driving shaft, 11 is the squeezer, and 12 is the filter cloth inclined plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0019] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the present invention.

[0020] As Figure 1 shown, the wastewater first passes through a coarse grid to remove large floating objects such as branches, plastic bags, and cardboard, and then enters the water inlet space 2 through the water inlet 1. The sinkable slag, sand, oil, and grease naturally settle on the filter cloth inclined plate 12 by gravity. The floating slag, sand, oil, and grease actively move obliquely upward along the filter cloth inclined plate 12 and are transported to the vertex of the driving shaft 10, and then are passively turned over and dropped into the squeezer 11 for continuous dehydration as the roller rotates in a circle. The solid waste is temporarily stored or immediately transported out, and the liquid phase returns to the water inlet space 2; the wastewater then passes through the filter cloth inclined plate 12 and enters the water outlet space 8, and is distributed to the downstream anaerobic, anoxic, or aerobic tank according to the process requirements at one or multiple points through the water outlet 7, and is introduced into the secondary biochemical treatment for nitrogen and phosphorus removal cycle, repeating continuously.

[0021] Furthermore, the filter cloth inclined plate 12 is sealed with a flexible strip 4 between the frame. The upper part outside the filter cloth inclined plate 12 is the water inlet space 2, and the top of the water inlet space 2 is provided with an overflow tank 3; the lower part outside is the water outlet space 8, and the water outlet space 8 is connected to the water outlet pipe 7.

[0022] Further, when the liquid level in the water inlet space 2 exceeds the design value, it will automatically overflow into the overflow tank 3 and return to the previous coarse grille.

[0023] Further, the filter cloth type inclined plate 12 is driven by the driving shaft 10 and forms a working loop together with the driven shaft 5 and the tensioning shaft 6. One or more reinforcing racks are selected and matched in the middle of the inner side of the filter cloth type inclined plate 12, and the rack specifications are meshed with the racks fixed in the middle of the driving shaft 10 and the driven shaft 5.

[0024] Further, an air knife and a water knife 9 are arranged between the driving shaft 10, the driven shaft 5 and the tensioning shaft 6, and the purging direction is from inside to outside and from top to bottom. The purging of the air / water knife 9 is linked to the rotation speed of the driving shaft 10 and is steplessly adjustable.

[0025] Example 1: The wastewater flow rate of the coarse grille of a certain urban sewage treatment plant is 10 m 3 / h, the solids (slag, miscellaneous sand, oil and grease) are about 12.8 g / L, and the COD is 317 mg / L. After being treated by the slag, miscellaneous, sand, oil and dirt removing integrated machine of the present invention, the slag output of the squeezer is about 12.1 g / L, and the conversion removal rate is about 94.5%; the effluent is slightly turbid and light gray, and no obvious settleable substances and floating substances can be seen with the naked eye. The COD is 235 mg / L, and the conversion removal rate is about 23.8%. The overall operation is stable and the pretreatment effect is satisfactory.

[0026] Example 2: The wastewater flow rate of the coarse grille of a certain industrial park wastewater treatment plant is 6 m 3 / h, the solids (slag, miscellaneous sand, oil and grease) are about 7.4 g / L, and the COD is 513 mg / L. After being treated by the slag, miscellaneous, sand, oil and dirt removing integrated machine of the present invention, the slag output of the squeezer is about 6.9 g / L, and the conversion removal rate is about 92.2%; the effluent is black and gray, and the COD is 367 mg / L, and the conversion removal rate is about 28.4%. The overall pretreatment effect is far better than the combination of traditional fine grilles, membrane grilles, grit chambers and flotation tanks.

[0027] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not used to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and modifications. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A slag, impurity, sand, oil, and dirt removal all-in-one machine adopts a filter cloth type inclined plate coupling asymmetric hole design, and is standard equipped with an automatic backwashing air knife and water knife to achieve forced screening and absolute removal of slag, impurities, sand, oil, and dirt, perfectly replacing and eliminating various complex equipment / structures such as fine grids, membrane grids, grit chambers, and flotation tanks. It is characterized in that The wastewater first passes through a coarse grille to intercept large floating objects such as branches, plastic bags, and cardboard. After being sent into the water inlet space of the integrated machine for removing slag, impurities, sand, oil, and dirt, the sedimentable slag, impurities, sand, oil, and dirt naturally settle on the filter cloth inclined plate by gravity. The floating slag, impurities, sand, oil, and dirt actively move upward along the inclined filter cloth inclined plate and are transported to the top of the roller, and then are passively turned over and dropped into the press for continuous dehydration as the roller rotates in a circle. The solid waste is temporarily stored or immediately transported out, and the liquid phase returns to the water inlet side. The wastewater then passes through the filtration of the filter cloth inclined plate, enters the water outlet space, and then is distributed to the downstream anaerobic, anoxic, or aerobic tank through one or more points of water distribution according to the process requirements, and is introduced into the secondary biochemical treatment for nitrogen and phosphorus removal cycle.

2. The integrated machine for slag removal, impurity removal, sand removal, oil removal and dirt removal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The interception accuracy of the coarse grille pretreatment is preferably 10 mm to 40 mm, and 10 mm to 15 mm is preferably recommended.

3. The integrated machine for slag removal, impurity removal, sand removal, oil removal and dirt removal according to claim 1, wherein The holes of the filter cloth inclined plate adopt an asymmetric frustum or trapezoid design with a narrow inlet side and a wide outlet side. The ratio of the inlet side to the outlet side is preferably 1:(1.5 - 5.5), and 1:(1.5 - 2.5) is preferably recommended; the pore diameter of the inlet side is preferably 10 μm to 1000 μm, and 100 μm to 500 μm is preferably recommended. The horizontal inclination angle of the filter cloth inclined plate is preferably 10 degrees to 50 degrees, and 20 degrees to 30 degrees is preferably recommended.

4. The integrated machine for slag removal, impurity removal, sand removal, oil removal and pollution removal according to claim 1, characterized in that, A flexible pressure strip is used for sealing between the filter cloth inclined plate and the frame. The upper part outside the filter cloth inclined plate is the water inlet space, and an overflow trough is provided at the top of the water inlet space; the lower part outside is the water outlet space, and the water outlet space is connected to the water outlet pipe. The filter cloth inclined plate is driven by the driving shaft and forms a working loop together with the driven shaft and the tensioning shaft. One or more stiffening racks are selected and installed in the middle inside the filter cloth inclined plate, and the rack specifications are meshed with the racks fixed in the middle of the driving shaft and the driven shaft. The width of the rack is preferably 10 mm to 150 mm, and 10 mm to 50 mm is preferably recommended.

5. A slag, impurity, sand, oil, and dirt removal all-in-one machine according to claims 1 and 4, characterized in that, An air knife and a water knife are provided between the driving shaft and the driven shaft / tensioning shaft, and the blowing direction is from inside to outside and from top to bottom. The air knife and the water knife are linked to the rotation speed of the driving shaft and are steplessly adjustable. The air knife and the water knife can be selected to be installed separately or together according to the load level of the slag, impurities, sand, oil, and dirt in the wastewater, and can operate intermittently or continuously.

6. The integrated machine for slag removal, impurity removal, sand removal, oil removal and dirt removal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The press adopts a shaftless screw and a high-strength filter screen design. The pitch is preferably 100 mm to 500 mm, and 150 mm to 200 mm is preferably recommended; the filter screen accuracy is preferably 500 μm to 2000 μm, and 1000 μm to 1500 μm is preferably recommended.

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