Direct pressure sludge dewatering machine and dewatering method

Abstract

The present invention discloses a direct-pressure sludge dewatering machine and a dewatering method, which belong to the field of sludge treatment. The dewatering machine includes a base body, on which a pre-pressing station and a main-pressing station are provided, and the pre-pressing station and the main-pressing station are provided with a pre-pressing device and a main-pressing device respectively. The base body is also provided with an unpacking station and a mud-wrapping station; the unpacking station, the mud-wrapping station, the pre-pressing station and the main-pressing station are distributed according to the four vertices of a rectangle, and form a closed-loop path in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction; the dewatering machine also includes a container for stacking mud bags and a conveying system for circulating the container along the above-mentioned closed-loop path. The present invention adopts a solution of wrapping the sludge into blocks with multiple filter cloths, stacking and pressing, which has the advantages of good dewatering effect, high efficiency, and small footprint.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the field of sludge treatment, and particularly relates to a direct pressure sludge dewatering machine and a dewatering method. Background Art

[0002] Sludge dewatering is a key step in reducing sludge moisture content to achieve volume reduction and resource utilization. Traditional treatment methods primarily rely on thermal drying technologies. For example, disc dryers, by consuming large amounts of steam, can reduce the sludge moisture content from 80% to 40%. However, this method is relatively expensive and faces bottlenecks such as high energy consumption and poor economic efficiency. To overcome this limitation, this field has further adopted mechanical filter press dewatering as a treatment process: using high-pressure pressing technology, the sludge moisture content is first reduced from 80% to 60%, significantly reducing the amount of water evaporation during subsequent thermal drying.

[0003] Chinese invention patent application publication number CN118976297A discloses a multi-station sludge filter press method that achieves sludge filter press dehydration by integrating two coating and separation modules with a solidification module responsible for filtration. The coating and separation module cleans and flattens the filter cloth, coating the sludge. The solidification module folds the filter cloth covered with sludge back and forth, followed by high-pressure dehydration. However, its drawbacks are:

[0004] 1. During dehydration, the sludge is located in the layers of the circuitous filter cloth and is not completely wrapped by the filter cloth. The sludge is easy to overflow from the side openings, resulting in poor dehydration and filtration effects.

[0005] 2. Due to the reciprocating folding design of a single continuous filter cloth, the filter cloth needs to be thoroughly cleaned and wrinkles and deviations repaired after recycling. This process is lengthy, resulting in a complex coating separation module structure and low efficiency. Therefore, this solution configures two coating separation modules and a movable curing module to work together to reduce the waiting time of the curing module and improve its utilization rate. However, this method not only increases equipment costs, but also compromises its operating pressure to ensure the mobility of the curing module, reducing the dehydration effect. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present invention proposes a direct pressure sludge dewatering machine and a dewatering method, the purposes of which are: 1. to solve the problem of incomplete filter cloth wrapping; 2. to solve the problem of long filter cloth processing time and long waiting time for the filter press module.

[0007] The technical solutions of the present invention are as follows:

[0008] A direct-pressure sludge dewatering machine includes a base body, a pre-pressing station and a main pressing station are provided on the base body, and the pre-pressing station and the main pressing station are respectively provided with a pre-pressing device and a main pressing device. The base body is also provided with an unpacking station and a mud wrapping station; the unpacking station, the mud wrapping station, the pre-pressing station and the main pressing station are distributed at the four vertices of a rectangle and form a closed loop path in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction;

[0009] The dehydrator further comprises a container for stacking mud bags and a conveying system for cyclically transporting the container along the closed loop path;

[0010] The unpacking station is provided with an unpacking device, which is used to open the mud bag in the container;

[0011] The base is also provided with a filter cloth transfer vehicle and a filter cloth cleaning device located between the unpacking station and the mud wrapping station. The filter cloth transfer vehicle is used to transport the unpacked filter cloth to the mud wrapping station, and the filter cloth cleaning device is used to clean the sludge on the unpacked filter cloth.

[0012] The mud wrapping station is provided with a mud spreading device and a mud wrapping device. The mud spreading device is used to spread the sludge to be dehydrated on the filter cloth, and the mud wrapping device is used to pack the sludge into a container using the filter cloth.

[0013] As a further improvement of the direct pressure sludge dewatering machine: the pre-pressing station and the main pressing station are located on the left side of the mud packing station and the unpacking station;

[0014] The conveying system includes a second transverse track arranged on the unpacking station, the mud-wrapping station, the pre-pressing station and the main pressing station, and two sets of longitudinal tracks arranged on the left side of the pre-pressing station and the main pressing station, and between the pre-pressing station and the main pressing station and the mud-wrapping station and the unpacking station, and also includes two longitudinal transfer vehicles that move forward and backward along the two sets of longitudinal tracks respectively; the longitudinal transfer vehicles are provided with a first transverse track that is at the same height and matches the second transverse track;

[0015] The containers are four transverse transfer vehicles equipped with cage frames, and the transverse transfer vehicles cooperate with the first transverse track and the second transverse track.

[0016] As a further improvement of the direct pressure sludge dewatering machine: a window is provided in the middle of the transverse transfer vehicle, and a lifting support plate for carrying mud bags is provided above the window. The lifting support plate is slidably matched with the cage frame, and the area of the lifting support plate is larger than the area of the window;

[0017] A first lifting mechanism is respectively installed at the bottom of the unpacking station and the mud-wrapping station, and a lifting push plate at the top of the first lifting mechanism is used to drive the lifting support plate to move up and down through the window.

[0018] As a further improvement of the direct-pressure sludge dewatering machine, the unpacking device includes a first frame located directly above the unpacking station and fixed relative to the base body, the first frame being provided with a rectangular first opening for the mud bag to pass through; a set of cloth lifting mechanisms are respectively provided on the rear side of the first opening, i.e., the side away from the mud packing station, and on the left and right sides of the first opening;

[0019] The cloth-lifting mechanism includes a first movable frame and a first rotating plate; the first movable frame is horizontally slidably connected to the first frame, and moves away from and close to the first opening under the drive of the first moving drive device; the outer end of the first rotating plate, that is, the end away from the first opening, is rotatably connected to the first movable frame, and the inner end of the first rotating plate is equipped with a magnetic suction device for adsorbing iron blocks at the edge of the filter cloth; the first movable frame is also provided with a lifting mechanism for driving the first rotating plate to rotate.

[0020] As a further improvement of the direct pressure sludge dewatering machine: a frame is installed on the base body, which spans the unpacking station and the mud packing station;

[0021] The filter cloth cleaning device is arranged in the middle of the frame, which includes a third lifting mechanism, a roller, a mud plate and a collecting trough;

[0022] The roller, the mud plate and the collecting trough are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the roller moves up and down relative to the frame under the drive of the third lifting mechanism, and the mud plate and the collecting trough are fixed relative to the frame;

[0023] The frame is also provided with a transfer track, and the filter cloth transfer vehicle moves back and forth between the unpacking station and the mud packing station along the transfer track and passes through the gap between the roller and the mud plate when moving; the filter cloth transfer vehicle is provided with a gripper for grabbing the filter cloth.

[0024] As a further improvement of the direct pressure sludge dewatering machine: a frame is mounted on the base, and the mud distribution device is mounted on the frame via a second lifting mechanism and is located directly above the mud wrapping station;

[0025] The mud distributing device is provided with a mud trough whose shape matches the shape of the mud bag, and two sliding gates are provided at the bottom of the mud trough.

[0026] As a further improvement of the direct pressure sludge dewatering machine, the mud wrapping device includes a second frame located directly above the mud wrapping station and fixed relative to the base body, the second frame being provided with a second rectangular opening for the mud bag to pass through; a set of cloth covering mechanisms are respectively provided around the second opening;

[0027] The cloth covering mechanism includes a second movable frame and a second rotating plate; the second movable frame is horizontally slidably connected to the second frame and moves away from and toward the second opening under the drive of the second movable driving device; the root of the second rotating plate is rotatably connected to the second movable frame;

[0028] The cloth covering mechanism also includes a rotary drive device, a swing arm and a connecting rod; the rotary drive device is installed on the second frame and is used to drive the swing arm to swing, and one end of the connecting rod is rotationally connected to the swing arm and the other end is rotationally connected to the second rotating plate.

[0029] The present invention also discloses a dewatering method based on the above-mentioned direct pressure sludge dewatering machine: the dewatering machine cyclically and alternately performs the actions of the transport phase and the actions of the working phase;

[0030] In the transfer stage, the conveying system is used to move the four cage frames on the unpacking station, mud packing station, pre-pressing station and main pressing station along the closed loop path to the next station;

[0031] During the working stage, the pre-pressing device and the main pressing device perform filter pressing and dehydrating on the mud bags in the cage frame at the station; the unpacking device unpacks the mud bags in the cage frame at the station one by one; the filter cloth transfer vehicle moves back and forth between the unpacking station and the mud packing station, moves the removed filter cloth to the mud packing device one by one and cleans the filter cloth with the filter cloth cleaning device during the movement; the mud spreading device spreads the sludge on the transferred filter cloth; the mud packing device packs the filter cloth and the laid sludge into mud bags and puts them into the cage frame of this station.

[0032] As a further improvement of the dehydration method, the operation process of the transport stage is as follows:

[0033] Step A1: two longitudinal transfer vehicles move to the left and right sides of the pre-pressing station respectively;

[0034] Step A2: The transverse transfer vehicle on the pre-pressing station moves to the left onto the longitudinal transfer vehicle on the left, and then the transverse transfer vehicle on the mud coating station moves to the left, passing the longitudinal transfer vehicle between the pre-pressing station and the mud coating station to arrive at the pre-pressing station;

[0035] Step A3: The two longitudinal transfer vehicles move to the left and right sides of the main pressing station respectively;

[0036] Step A4: The transverse transfer vehicle on the unpacking station moves to the left and arrives at the longitudinal transfer vehicle between the main pressing station and the unpacking station;

[0037] Step A5: The longitudinal transfer vehicle located between the main pressing station and the unpacking station moves to between the pre-pressing station and the mud packing station;

[0038] Step A6: The transverse transfer vehicle on the longitudinal transfer vehicle between the pre-pressing station and the mud coating station moves rightward to the mud coating station;

[0039] Step A7: The longitudinal transfer vehicle between the pre-pressing station and the mud-wrapping station moves to the position between the main pressing station and the unpacking station;

[0040] Step A8: The transverse transfer vehicle on the main pressing station passes through the longitudinal transfer vehicle between the main pressing station and the unpacking station and moves to the unpacking station. Then the transverse transfer vehicle on the longitudinal transfer vehicle on the left side of the main pressing station moves to the right to the main pressing station.

[0041] As a further improvement of the dehydration method, the action process of the working stage is as follows:

[0042] Step B1, step B2, and step B3 are executed synchronously;

[0043] Step B1: The pre-pressing device and the main pressing device perform filter pressing and dehydration on the mud bags at the respective workstations;

[0044] Step B2: The first lifting mechanism of the unpacking station moves intermittently with the thickness of the mud bag as the step height, and pushes the mud bags in the cage frame of the unpacking station one by one onto the first opening of the unpacking device;

[0045] Whenever a new mud bag appears above the first opening of the unpacking device, the three cloth lifting mechanisms of the unpacking device will operate in sequence according to the order of covering the filter cloth around the bag to unpack the bag. After unpacking, only the edge of the filter cloth close to the mud bagging station will be placed on the sludge.

[0046] Then the filter cloth transfer vehicle grabs the edge of the opened filter cloth away from the mud wrapping station and moves toward the mud wrapping station. When the filter cloth transfer vehicle passes through the filter cloth cleaning device, the roller of the filter cloth cleaning device drops down, clamps the filter cloth between the roller and the mud plate, and scrapes the sludge off the filter cloth; after the previous filter cloth is pulled away, the first lifting mechanism of the unpacking station lifts up the next mud bag;

[0047] Step B3: The first lifting mechanism of the mud wrapping station moves intermittently with the thickness of the mud bag as the step height, so that the mud bags packed by the mud wrapping device fall into the cage frame of the mud wrapping station one by one and are stacked;

[0048] The first lifting mechanism of the mud wrapping station is actuated to make the packaged mud bag fall into the cage frame, waiting for the arrival of the next filter cloth.

[0049] During the working stage, the two sets of first lifting mechanisms, unpacking devices, filter cloth transfer vehicles, filter cloth cleaning devices and mud packing devices work together in the above manner until all mud bags in the unpacking station are unloaded, and all filter cloths are transferred to the mud packing station and packed onto new mud bags.

[0050] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following positive effects:

[0051] 1. This invention uses multiple pieces of filter cloth to wrap the sludge into blocks, which are then stacked and pressed. This provides a more complete wrapping process and prevents side leakage during pressing, thereby improving dehydration and filtration efficiency. Furthermore, since each piece of filter cloth is relatively small, complex flattening operations are unnecessary, which increases filter cloth recovery speed and eliminates the need for waiting for the main and pre-pressing devices.

[0052] 2. The present invention uses two sets of first lifting mechanisms to cooperate with the mud packing device and the unpacking device, and then combines the filter cloth transfer vehicle, the filter cloth cleaning device and the mud spreading device to realize the sequential continuous operation of unpacking and unloading of multi-layer mud bags, cleaning and transporting of filter cloths, and packing of mud, thereby improving work efficiency.

[0053] 3. This invention utilizes a circular conveyor structure, with multiple cages circulated between four workstations, sequentially completing packaging, pre-pressing, final pressing, and unpacking operations. This eliminates idle workstations during operation, further improving production efficiency. The circular conveyor structure also occupies a small footprint and requires no overhead crane, resulting in lower investment costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the dehydrator of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 2It is a schematic diagram of the lower layer of the substrate, the conveying system, and the first lifting mechanism;

[0056] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial enlarged view of part A;

[0057] Figure 4 This is the workstation layout diagram of the dehydrator;

[0058] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the lateral transfer vehicle and cage frame;

[0059] Figure 6 It is a structural diagram of the horizontal transfer vehicle;

[0060] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transverse transfer vehicle after the lifting pallet is removed;

[0061] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the first lifting mechanism;

[0062] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the unpacking device, filter cloth transfer vehicle, filter cloth cleaning device, mud spreading device and mud wrapping device;

[0063] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A partial enlarged view of part B;

[0064] Figure 11 It is a structural diagram of the frame, the second lifting mechanism, the filter cloth cleaning device and the transfer track;

[0065] Figure 12 It is a structural diagram of the unpacking device;

[0066] Figure 13 A schematic cross-sectional view of the first rotating plate and related mechanisms on one side of the unpacking device;

[0067] Figure 14 This is a structural diagram of a filter cloth transfer vehicle;

[0068] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the relative position relationship between the roller, mud plate, collection tank, opened mud bag and gripper when the gripper of the filter cloth transfer vehicle starts to pull the filter cloth;

[0069] Figure 16 It is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the mud spreading device;

[0070] Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the structure of the mud-wrapping device;

[0071] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the structural relationship of the second rotating plate and related mechanisms on one side of the mud-wrapping device.

[0072] Reference numerals include:

[0073] 1. Base; 2. Pre-pressing device; 3. Main pressing device; 4. Unpacking device; 5. Filter cloth transfer vehicle; 6. Filter cloth cleaning device; 7. Mud spreading device; 8. Mud wrapping device; 9. First lifting mechanism; 10. Longitudinal transfer vehicle; 11. Horizontal transfer vehicle; 12. Longitudinal track; 13. First horizontal track; 14. Second horizontal track; 15. First transfer station; 16. Main pressing station; 17. Third transfer station; 18. Unpacking station; 19. Mud wrapping station; 20. Fourth transfer station; 21. Pre-pressing station; 22. Second transfer station; 23. Lifting support plate; 24. Support spring; 25. Screw lift Lowering machine; 26. Lifting push plate; 27. Second lifting mechanism; 28. Mud trough; 29. Gate; 30. Guide column; 31. Frame; 32. Third lifting mechanism; 33. Roller; 34. Mud plate; 35. Collecting trough; 36. Transfer track; 37. First rotating plate; 38. Magnetic device; 39. First movable frame; 40. First frame; 41. First mobile drive device; 42. Lifting mechanism; 43. Gripper; 44. Second rotating plate; 45. Second frame; 46. Second movable frame; 47. Second mobile drive device; 48. Rotary drive device; 49. Swing arm; 50. Connecting rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0074] The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0075] like Figure 1 and Figure 4 A direct-pressing sludge dewatering machine includes a base 1 on which are disposed a pre-pressing station 21, a main pressing station 16, an unpacking station 18, and a mud wrapping station 19. The unpacking station 18, the mud wrapping station 19, the pre-pressing station 21, and the main pressing station 16 are arranged at the four vertices of a rectangle and form a closed loop in a clockwise (or counterclockwise) direction.

[0076] The pre-pressing station 21 and the main pressing station 16 are respectively provided with a pre-pressing device 2 and a main pressing device 3, which press the mud bag downward through the oil cylinder to squeeze out the water in the mud bag and realize filter pressing and dehydration.

[0077] The dehydrator further comprises a container for stacking mud bags and a conveying system for cyclically transporting the container along the closed-loop path.

[0078] Specifically, if Figures 1 to 4 The pre-pressing station 21 and the main pressing station 16 are located on the left side of the mud packing station 19 and the unpacking station 18.

[0079] The conveying system includes a second transverse track 14 running left and right on the unpacking station 18, the mud wrapping station 19, the pre-pressing station 21 and the main pressing station 16, and also includes two sets of longitudinal tracks 12 set on the left side of the pre-pressing station 21 and the main pressing station 16, and between the pre-pressing station 21 and the main pressing station 16 and the mud wrapping station 19 and the unpacking station 18, and also includes two longitudinal transfer vehicles 10 that move back and forth along the two sets of longitudinal tracks 12 respectively.

[0080] The longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 is provided with a first transverse track 13 that is at the same height as and matches the second transverse track 14 , and when the two are aligned, they can be spliced into a continuous track.

[0081] like Figure 5 The containers are four transverse transfer vehicles 11 equipped with cage frames, and the wheels at the bottom of the transverse transfer vehicles 11 cooperate with the first transverse rail 13 and the second transverse rail 14.

[0082] The longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 and the transverse transfer vehicle 11 are equipped with drive devices (motors) and travel along corresponding tracks via running wheels.

[0083] Furthermore, if Figures 5 to 7 There is a window in the middle of the transverse transfer vehicle 11, and a lifting support plate 23 for carrying mud bags is provided above the window. The lifting support plate 23 is slidably matched with the cage frame, and the area of the lifting support plate 23 is larger than the area of the window.

[0084] Furthermore, multiple support springs 24 are mounted through mounting holes around the upper window of the transverse transfer vehicle 11. The tops of the support springs 24 are used to contact the bottom of the lifting support plate 23, providing a cushioning effect. However, during filter press dewatering, the bottom of the lifting support plate 23 will directly contact the transverse transfer vehicle 11 and be supported by the transverse transfer vehicle 11.

[0085] Correspondingly, a first lifting mechanism 9 is installed at the bottom of the unpacking station 18 and the mud packing station 19 respectively. The lifting push plate 26 on the top of the first lifting mechanism 9 is used to drive the lifting support plate 23 and the mud bags stacked above it to move up and down through the window.

[0086] Specifically, if Figure 8 The first lifting mechanism 9 comprises two parallel screw jacks 25. The upper ends of the screws driven by the two screw jacks 25 are connected to the bottom of the lifting push plate 26. The drive shafts of the two screw jacks 25 are connected by an intermediate connecting shaft to achieve synchronous rotation, and one of the drive shafts is connected to the drive motor. The bottom of the screw jacks 25 is a deep hole structure to reserve sufficient space for the screws to move.

[0087] Furthermore, if Figure 1 、 Figure 4 and Figure 9 The unpacking station 18 is equipped with an unpacking device 4 for opening the mud bags in the container. The base body 1 is also equipped with a filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 and a filter cloth cleaning device 6 located between the unpacking station 18 and the mud bagging station 19. The filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 is used to transport the unpacked filter cloth to the mud bagging station 19, and the filter cloth cleaning device 6 is used to clean the sludge on the unpacked filter cloth. The mud bagging station 19 is equipped with a mud spreading device 7 and a mud bagging device 8. The mud spreading device 7 is used to spread the dehydrated sludge on the filter cloth, and the mud bagging device 8 is used to pack the sludge into the container using the filter cloth.

[0088] Specifically, if Figure 1 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 9 and Figure 12 The unpacking device 4 includes a first frame 40 positioned directly above the unpacking station 18 and fixed relative to the base 1. The first frame 40 is provided with a first rectangular opening for the mud bag to pass through. A set of cloth lifting mechanisms is provided on the rear side of the first opening, i.e., the side away from the mud bagging station 19, and on the left and right sides of the first opening.

[0089] like Figure 12 and Figure 13 The cloth lifting mechanism includes a first movable frame 39 and a first rotating plate 37. The first movable frame 39 is horizontally slidably connected to the first frame 40 and is driven by a first movable drive device 41 to move away from and toward the first opening. The outer end of the first rotating plate 37, the end away from the first opening, is rotatably connected to the first movable frame 39. The inner end of the first rotating plate 37 is equipped with multiple magnetic devices 38 for attracting iron blocks at the edge of the filter cloth. The first movable frame 39 is also equipped with a lifting mechanism 42 for driving the first rotating plate 37 to rotate.

[0090] In this embodiment, the first moving driving device 41 is a cylinder.

[0091] In this embodiment, the lifting mechanism 42 is a cylinder, the lower end of which is rotatably connected to the first movable frame 39 , and the upper end of which is rotatably connected to the first rotating plate 37 .

[0092] like Figure 11 A frame 31 is installed on the base body 1, spanning the unpacking station 18 and the mud-wrapping station 19.

[0093] The filter cloth cleaning device 6 is provided in the middle of the frame 31 , and includes a third lifting mechanism 32 , a roller 33 , a mud plate 34 and a collecting trough 35 .

[0094] The roller 33 , the mud plate 34 and the collecting trough 35 are arranged in order from top to bottom. The roller 33 moves up and down relative to the frame 31 under the drive of the third lifting mechanism 32 , and the mud plate 34 and the collecting trough 35 are fixed relative to the frame 31 .

[0095] The frame 31 is also provided with a transfer track 36, and the filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 moves back and forth along the transfer track 36 between the unpacking station 18 and the mud packing station 19 and passes through the gap between the roller 33 and the mud plate 34 when moving. Figure 14 The filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 is provided with a gripper 43 for grabbing the filter cloth.

[0096] like Figure 9 、 Figure 10 and Figure 16 The mud spreading device 7 is mounted on the frame 31 through the second lifting mechanism 27 and is located directly above the mud wrapping station 19. The mud spreading device 7 is also connected to a guide column 30, which cooperates with a guide sleeve on the frame 31.

[0097] The mud distribution device 7 includes a mud trough 28 shaped to match the mud bag. A sludge conveying pipe is located above the trough 28. Two sliding gates 29 are located at the bottom of the trough 28. Specifically, a motor and a transmission chain mechanism are located on each side of the mud distribution device 7. The motor drives the transmission chain mechanism, which connects to the gate 29 on the corresponding side, controlling the horizontal movement of the gate 29 along a slideway at the bottom of the mud distribution device 7.

[0098] like Figure 9 、 Figure 17 and Figure 18 The mud wrapping device 8 includes a second frame 45 located directly above the mud wrapping station 19 and fixed relative to the base 1. The second frame 45 is provided with a rectangular second opening for the mud bag to pass through. A set of covering mechanisms are respectively provided around the second opening.

[0099] The cloth covering mechanism includes a second movable frame 46 and a second rotating plate 44. The second movable frame 46 is horizontally slidably connected to the second frame 45 and is driven by a second movable driving device 47 to move away from and toward the second opening. The root of the second rotating plate 44 is rotatably connected to the second movable frame 46.

[0100] The cloth covering mechanism also includes a rotary drive device 48, a swing arm 49 and a connecting rod 50. The rotary drive device 48 (which can be a rotary cylinder or a motor) is installed on the second frame 45 and is used to drive the swing arm 49 to swing. One end of the connecting rod 50 is rotationally connected to the swing arm 49 and the other end is rotationally connected to the second rotating plate 44.

[0101] In this embodiment, the second moving drive device 47 is two groups of cylinders.

[0102] In this embodiment, the connecting rod 50 includes two threaded rods with opposite thread rotation directions and a threaded sleeve, and the ends of the threaded sleeve are threadedly engaged with the two threaded rods. Rotating the threaded sleeve can adjust the length of the entire connecting rod 50, thereby changing the angular travel of the second rotating plate 44.

[0103] The above dehydrator performs the actions of the transfer stage and the working stage alternately in a cycle when working:

[0104] During the transfer stage, the four cage frames on the unpacking station 18, the mud packing station 19, the pre-pressing station 21 and the main pressing station 16 are moved to the next station along the closed-loop path by the conveying system.

[0105] Before the transfer phase, all first lifting mechanisms 9 must be lowered to the lowest position to avoid interference.

[0106] Specifically, if Figure 4 The action process of the transport phase is as follows:

[0107] In step A1, the two longitudinal transfer vehicles 10 are respectively moved to the left and right sides of the pre-pressing station 21 , namely, the second transfer station 22 and the fourth transfer station 20 .

[0108] Step A2: The transverse transfer vehicle 11 on the pre-pressing station 21 moves to the left to the longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 on the left (the second transfer station 22), and then the transverse transfer vehicle 11 on the mud coating station 19 moves to the left through the longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 between the pre-pressing station 21 and the mud coating station 19 (the fourth transfer station 20) to reach the pre-pressing station 21.

[0109] In step A3, the two longitudinal transfer vehicles 10 are respectively moved to the left and right sides of the main pressing station 16 , namely, the first transfer station 15 and the third transfer station 17 .

[0110] Step A4: The transverse transfer vehicle 11 on the unpacking station 18 moves to the left and arrives at the longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 located between the main pressing station 16 and the unpacking station 18 (the third transfer station 17).

[0111] Step A5: The longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 located between the main pressing station 16 and the unpacking station 18 (the third transfer station 17) moves to between the pre-pressing station 21 and the mud coating station 19 (the fourth transfer station 20).

[0112] Step A6: The transverse transfer vehicle 11 on the longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 between the pre-pressing station 21 and the mud coating station 19 (the fourth transfer station 20 ) moves rightward to the mud coating station 19 .

[0113] Step A7: The longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 between the pre-pressing station 21 and the mud coating station 19 (the fourth transfer station 20) moves to between the main pressing station 16 and the unpacking station 18 (the third transfer station 17).

[0114] Step A8, the transverse transfer vehicle 11 on the main pressing station 16 passes through the longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 located between the main pressing station 16 and the unpacking station 18 (the third transfer station 17) and moves to the unpacking station 18, and then the transverse transfer vehicle 11 on the longitudinal transfer vehicle 10 on the left side of the main pressing station 16 (the first transfer station 15) moves to the right to the main pressing station 16.

[0115] At this point, the containers (cages) on the four workstations have each moved one workstation clockwise.

[0116] During the operation phase, the pre-pressing device 2 and the main pressing device 3 filter-press and dewater the mud bags in the cages at their respective stations. The unpacking device 4 sequentially unpacks the mud bags in the cages at their respective stations. The filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 moves back and forth between the unpacking station 18 and the mud packing station 19, sequentially transferring the removed filter cloths to the mud packing device 8 and cleaning them during this process using the filter cloth cleaning device 6. The mud spreading device 7 spreads the sludge on the transferred filter cloth. The mud packing device 8 packs the filter cloth and the laid sludge into mud bags and places them into the cages at its respective stations.

[0117] The specific action process of the working stage is as follows:

[0118] Step B1, step B2, and step B3 are executed synchronously.

[0119] In step B1, the pre-pressing device 2 and the main pressing device 3 perform filter pressing and dehydration on the mud bags at the respective workstations.

[0120] Step B2: The first lifting mechanism 9 of the unpacking station 18 operates intermittently with the thickness of the mud bag as a step height, and pushes the mud bags in the cage frame of the unpacking station 18 one by one onto the first opening of the unpacking device 4.

[0121] Whenever a new mud bag appears above the first opening of the unpacking device 4, the three cloth-lifting mechanisms of the unpacking device 4 perform the following actions in the order of covering the filter cloth: the first movable frame 39 of the cloth-lifting mechanism on the corresponding side moves horizontally close to the mud bag, and uses the magnetic device 38 at the inner end of the first rotating plate 37 on the first movable frame 39 to attract the iron block on the filter cloth. Then the first rotating plate 37 is lifted to pull up the edge of the filter cloth on that side. After that, the first movable frame 39 moves outward, lifting the edge of the filter cloth on that side until the iron block on the filter cloth is separated from the magnetic device 38, and then the first rotating plate 37 falls back to its original position. After the three cloth-lifting mechanisms complete the unpacking, only the edge of the filter cloth on the side close to the mud-wrapping station 19 is placed on the sludge.

[0122] Then the filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 grabs the edge of the opened filter cloth away from the mud packing station 19 and moves toward the mud packing station 19. Figure 11 and Figure 15 When the filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 passes the filter cloth cleaning device 6, the roller 33 of the filter cloth cleaning device 6 drops down, sandwiching the filter cloth between the roller 33 and the mud plate 34, scraping the sludge off the filter cloth. The sludge falls into the collection trough 35 and is transported away by the auger. After the previous filter cloth is pulled away, the first lifting mechanism 9 of the unpacking station 18 lifts up the next mud bag.

[0123] Step B3: The first lifting mechanism 9 of the mud wrapping station 19 operates intermittently with the mud bag thickness as the step height, so that the mud bags packed by the mud wrapping device 8 fall into the cage frame of the mud wrapping station 19 one by one and are stacked.

[0124] Before the filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 reaches the bagging station 19, the bagging device 8 completes bagging the previous bag. The first lifting mechanism 9 of the bagging station 19 then drives the lifting support plate 23 downward, allowing the previously bagged bag to sink into the cage frame below the second opening of the bagging device 8 until the top of the bag is flush with the second rotating plates 44 surrounding the bagging device 8. The filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 then spreads the cleaned filter cloth onto the surface formed by the previous bag and the four second rotating plates 44. The roller 33 is then raised, and the filter cloth transfer vehicle 5 returns to the unpacking station 18 to grab the next bag of filter cloth. Simultaneously, the height of the mud spreading device 7 at the bagging station 19 is adjusted so that the distance between its bottom gate 29 and the filter cloth equals the set thickness of the bag. The gate 29 is then opened, allowing the sludge in the mud spreading device 7 to fall onto the filter cloth. The gate 29 is then closed, and the mud spreading device 7 is raised again. The four sets of cloth covering mechanisms of the mud wrapping device 8 then sequentially perform the following actions: the second movable frame 46 of the cloth covering mechanism on the corresponding side moves horizontally toward the mud. Simultaneously, the second rotating plate 44 on the second movable frame 46 flips toward the mud, covering the edge of the filter cloth with the mud. The second movable frame 46 then moves outward, while the second rotating plate 44 returns to its original position. The cloth covering mechanism farther from the unpacking station 18 is activated first.

[0125] After all the cloth covering mechanisms are completed, the mud bag is packed, and then the first lifting mechanism 9 of the mud packing station 19 is actuated to make the packed mud bag fall into the cage frame and wait for the arrival of the next filter cloth.

[0126] During the working stage, the two groups of first lifting mechanisms 9, the unpacking device 4, the filter cloth transfer vehicle 5, the filter cloth cleaning device 6 and the mud packing device 8 cooperate in the above-mentioned manner until all the mud bags in the unpacking station 18 are unloaded, and all the filter cloths are transferred to the mud packing station 19 and packed into new mud bags.

[0127] It should be noted that it is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims rather than the foregoing description.

Claims

1. A direct-pressure sludge dewatering machine, comprising a base (1), a pre-pressing station (21) and a main pressing station (16) being provided on the base (1), a pre-pressing device (2) and a main pressing device (3) being provided on the pre-pressing station (21) and the main pressing station (16), respectively, characterized in that: The base (1) is further provided with an unpacking station (18) and a mud wrapping station (19); the unpacking station (18), the mud wrapping station (19), the pre-pressing station (21) and the main pressing station (16) are distributed according to the four vertices of a rectangle and form a closed loop path in a clockwise or counterclockwise direction; The dehydrator further comprises a container for stacking mud bags and a conveying system for cyclically transporting the container along the closed loop path; The unpacking station (18) is provided with an unpacking device (4), and the unpacking device (4) is used to open the mud bag in the container; The base body (1) is further provided with a filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) and a filter cloth cleaning device (6) located between the unpacking station (18) and the mud wrapping station (19); the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) is used to transport the unpacked filter cloth to the mud wrapping station (19); and the filter cloth cleaning device (6) is used to clean the sludge on the unpacked filter cloth. The mud packing station (19) is provided with a mud spreading device (7) and a mud packing device (8), wherein the mud spreading device (7) is used to spread the sludge to be dehydrated onto the filter cloth, and the mud packing device (8) is used to pack the sludge into a container using the filter cloth.

2. The direct pressure sludge dewatering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pre-pressing station (21) and the main pressing station (16) are located on the left side of the mud packing station (19) and the unpacking station (18); The conveying system includes a second transverse track (14) arranged on the unpacking station (18), the mud-wrapping station (19), the pre-pressing station (21) and the main pressing station (16) and extending left and right, and also includes two sets of longitudinal tracks (12) arranged on the left side of the pre-pressing station (21) and the main pressing station (16), and arranged between the pre-pressing station (21) and the main pressing station (16) and the mud-wrapping station (19) and the unpacking station (18), and also includes two longitudinal transfer vehicles (10) that move forward and backward along the two sets of longitudinal tracks (12) respectively; the longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) is provided with a first transverse track (13) that is equal in height to and matches the second transverse track (14); The containers are four transverse transfer vehicles (11) equipped with cage frames, and the transverse transfer vehicles (11) are matched with a first transverse track (13) and a second transverse track (14).

3. The direct pressure sludge dewatering machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transverse transfer vehicle (11) has a window in the middle of the vehicle, and a lifting support plate (23) for carrying mud bags is provided above the window. The lifting support plate (23) is slidably matched with the cage frame, and the area of the lifting support plate (23) is larger than the area of the window; A first lifting mechanism (9) is respectively installed at the bottom of the unpacking station (18) and the mud coating station (19), and a lifting push plate (26) at the top of the first lifting mechanism (9) is used to pass through the window to drive the lifting support plate (23) to move up and down.

4. The direct pressure sludge dewatering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unpacking device (4) comprises a first frame (40) located directly above the unpacking station (18) and fixed relative to the base (1), the first frame (40) being provided with a rectangular first opening for the mud bag to pass through; a set of cloth lifting mechanisms being provided on the rear side of the first opening, i.e., the side away from the mud bagging station (19), and on the left and right sides of the first opening respectively; The cloth lifting mechanism includes a first movable frame (39) and a first rotating plate (37); the first movable frame (39) is horizontally slidably connected to the first frame (40), and is driven by a first moving drive device (41) to move away from and toward the first opening; the outer end of the first rotating plate (37), that is, the end away from the first opening, is rotatably connected to the first movable frame (39), and the inner end of the first rotating plate (37) is installed with a magnetic attraction device (38) for adsorbing iron blocks at the edge of the filter cloth; the first movable frame (39) is also provided with a lifting mechanism (42) for driving the first rotating plate (37) to rotate.

5. The direct pressure sludge dewatering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A frame (31) is mounted on the base (1) and spans the unpacking station (18) and the mud-wrapping station (19); The filter cloth cleaning device (6) is provided in the middle of the frame (31), and includes a third lifting mechanism (32), a roller (33), a mud plate (34) and a collecting trough (35); The roller (33), the mud plate (34) and the collecting trough (35) are arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the roller (33) moves up and down relative to the frame (31) under the drive of the third lifting mechanism (32), and the mud plate (34) and the collecting trough (35) are fixed relative to the frame (31); The frame (31) is further provided with a transfer track (36), and the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) moves back and forth along the transfer track (36) between the unpacking station (18) and the mud packing station (19), and passes through the gap between the roller (33) and the mud plate (34) when moving; the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) is provided with a gripper (43) for grabbing the filter cloth.

6. The direct pressure sludge dewatering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A frame (31) is mounted on the base (1), and the mud spreading device (7) is mounted on the frame (31) via a second lifting mechanism (27) and is located directly above the mud coating station (19); The mud distributing device (7) is provided with a mud trough (28) whose shape matches the shape of the mud bag, and two sliding gates (29) are provided at the bottom of the mud trough (28).

7. The direct pressure sludge dewatering machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mud wrapping device (8) comprises a second frame (45) located directly above the mud wrapping station (19) and fixed relative to the base (1); the second frame (45) is provided with a rectangular second opening for the mud bag to pass through; a group of covering cloth mechanisms are respectively provided around the second opening; The cloth covering mechanism includes a second movable frame (46) and a second rotating plate (44); the second movable frame (46) is horizontally slidably connected to the second frame (45), and is driven by a second movable driving device (47) to move away from and toward the second opening; the root of the second rotating plate (44) is rotatably connected to the second movable frame (46); The cover cloth mechanism further includes a rotary drive device (48), a swing arm (49) and a connecting rod (50); the rotary drive device (48) is mounted on the second frame (45) and is used to drive the swing arm (49) to swing, and one end of the connecting rod (50) is rotationally connected to the swing arm (49) and the other end is rotationally connected to the second rotating plate (44).

8. A dewatering method based on the direct pressure sludge dewatering machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The dehydrator cycle alternately performs the actions of the transfer phase and the actions of the working phase; During the transfer stage, the four cage frames on the unpacking station (18), the mud packing station (19), the pre-pressing station (21) and the main pressing station (16) are moved to the next station along a closed loop path using a conveying system; During the working phase, the pre-pressing device (2) and the main pressing device (3) filter press and dehydrate the mud bags in the cage frame at the station; the unpacking device (4) unpacks the mud bags in the cage frame at the station in sequence; the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) moves back and forth between the unpacking station (18) and the mud packing station (19), moves the removed filter cloths in sequence to the mud packing device (8) and cleans the filter cloths using the filter cloth cleaning device (6) during the movement; the mud spreading device (7) spreads the sludge on the transferred filter cloth; the mud packing device (8) packs the filter cloth and the laid sludge into mud bags and puts them into the cage frame of the station.

9. The dehydration method according to claim 8, wherein The process of the transfer phase is as follows: Step A1: two longitudinal transfer vehicles (10) are moved to the left and right sides of the pre-pressing station (21) respectively; Step A2: The transverse transfer vehicle (11) on the pre-pressing station (21) moves to the left onto the longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) on the left, and then the transverse transfer vehicle (11) on the mud coating station (19) moves to the left, passes through the longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) between the pre-pressing station (21) and the mud coating station (19), and arrives at the pre-pressing station (21); Step A3: The two longitudinal transfer vehicles (10) are moved to the left and right sides of the main pressing station (16) respectively; Step A4: The transverse transfer vehicle (11) on the unpacking station (18) moves to the left and arrives at the longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) located between the main pressing station (16) and the unpacking station (18); Step A5: The longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) located between the main pressing station (16) and the unpacking station (18) moves to between the pre-pressing station (21) and the mud-wrapping station (19); Step A6: the transverse transfer vehicle (11) on the longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) between the pre-pressing station (21) and the mud coating station (19) moves rightward to the mud coating station (19); Step A7: The longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) between the pre-pressing station (21) and the mud-wrapping station (19) is moved to between the main pressing station (16) and the unpacking station (18); Step A8: The transverse transfer vehicle (11) on the main pressing station (16) passes through the longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) located between the main pressing station (16) and the unpacking station (18) and moves to the unpacking station (18). Then, the transverse transfer vehicle (11) on the longitudinal transfer vehicle (10) on the left side of the main pressing station (16) moves to the right to the main pressing station (16).

10. The dehydration method according to claim 8, wherein The action process of the working stage is as follows: Step B1, step B2, and step B3 are executed synchronously; Step B1: the pre-pressing device (2) and the main pressing device (3) perform filter pressing and dehydration on the mud bags at the respective workstations; Step B2: The first lifting mechanism (9) of the unpacking station (18) operates intermittently with the thickness of the mud bag as a step height, and pushes the mud bags in the cage frame of the unpacking station (18) one by one above the first opening of the unpacking device (4); Whenever a new mud bag appears above the first opening of the unpacking device (4), the three cloth lifting mechanisms of the unpacking device (4) are operated in sequence according to the order of covering the filter cloth around the bag to unpack the bag. After unpacking, only the edge of the filter cloth close to the mud bagging station (19) is placed on the mud. Then, the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) grabs the edge of the opened filter cloth away from the mud packing station (19) and moves toward the mud packing station (19). When the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) passes through the filter cloth cleaning device (6), the roller (33) of the filter cloth cleaning device (6) falls, clamps the filter cloth between the roller (33) and the mud plate (34), and scrapes the mud off the filter cloth. After the previous filter cloth is pulled away, the first lifting mechanism (9) of the unpacking station (18) lifts up the next mud bag. Step B3, the first lifting mechanism (9) of the mud wrapping station (19) intermittently operates with the mud bag thickness as the step height, so that the mud bags packed by the mud wrapping device (8) fall into and are stacked in the cage frame of the mud wrapping station (19) one by one; Before the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) arrives at the mud wrapping station (19), the mud wrapping device (8) completes the packing of the previous mud bag, and then the first lifting mechanism (9) of the mud wrapping station (19) drives the lifting support plate (23) to fall, so that the previous packed mud bag sinks to the cage frame below the second opening of the mud wrapping device (8) until the top of the mud bag is flush with the second rotating plates (44) around the mud wrapping device (8); at this time, the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) spreads the cleaned filter cloth on the plane formed by the previous mud bag and the four second rotating plates (44); then the roller (33) is controlled to rise and the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5) is controlled to return to the unpacking station ( 18) Grab the next filter cloth, and at the same time adjust the height of the mud spreading device (7) at the mud wrapping station (19) so that the distance between the gate (29) at the bottom and the filter cloth is equal to the set thickness of the mud bag, then open the gate (29) to allow the sludge in the mud spreading device (7) to fall onto the filter cloth, then close the gate (29), and then lift the mud spreading device (7); then the four sets of cloth covering mechanisms of the mud wrapping device (8) are activated in sequence to complete the packaging; among them, the cloth covering mechanism farthest from the unpacking station (18) is activated first; then the first lifting mechanism (9) of the mud wrapping station (19) is activated to allow the packaged mud bag to fall into the cage frame and wait for the arrival of the next filter cloth; During the working phase, the two sets of first lifting mechanisms (9), the unpacking device (4), the filter cloth transfer vehicle (5), the filter cloth cleaning device (6) and the mud packing device (8) cooperate in the above-mentioned manner until all the mud bags in the unpacking station (18) are unloaded and all the filter cloths are transferred to the mud packing station (19) and packed onto new mud bags.

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