Pile foundation pit side wall leveling excavation component and leveling method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit excavation, and in particular to a pile foundation pit side wall leveling and excavation assembly, comprising a fixed plate, a symmetrically distributed fixed frame fixedly installed on one side of the fixed plate, a motor fixedly installed on the fixed plate, the motor fixedly connected to a driving rotating shaft, a driven rotating shaft also rotatably installed on the fixed plate, a driven gear fixedly installed on the driven rotating shaft, and a leveling disk fixedly installed on one end of the driven rotating shaft. In this solution, by constructing a directed weighted graph and introducing an improved Dijkstra algorithm, the shortest leveling path can be quickly planned by comprehensively considering the geometric distance between regions, soil working condition weight and overlap correction coefficient. The algorithm can accurately calculate the optimal moving route, reduce equipment idling time, and improve work efficiency. The path planning method of the present invention can greatly save working time, improve the efficiency of pile foundation pit side wall leveling and excavation, and effectively reduce equipment loss.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of foundation pit excavation, and in particular to a pile foundation pit side wall leveling excavation component and a leveling method. Background Art

[0002] In modern construction, foundation pit excavation is a crucial step in underground engineering. With the continuous advancement of urban development and the increasing number of high-rise and super-high-rise buildings, the utilization of underground space has become increasingly extensive, leading to the continuous increase in the size and depth of pile foundation pits. During the construction of pile foundation pits, the quality of the smooth excavation of the side walls is directly related to the stability of the subsequent support structure, the effectiveness of waterproofing, and the construction accuracy of the underground structure. Traditional manual excavation and simple mechanical excavation methods have many shortcomings in terms of efficiency and quality.

[0003] Most of the existing technologies and equipment for leveling and excavating the side walls of pile foundation pits on the current market have the problem of poor versatility. Different foundation pit projects have quite different geological conditions, surrounding environments, and design requirements, but existing excavation components are often only applicable to specific types of soil or foundation pit sizes. When encountering complex strata with alternating soft and hard soils, existing equipment is unable to quickly and automatically adjust cutting parameters and tool types, resulting in low excavation efficiency and difficulty in ensuring the flatness of the side walls. In addition, existing technologies also have obvious defects in the degree of automation, and most operations still rely on manual intervention, which not only increases construction costs, but also easily leads to construction errors due to human factors. Therefore, we provide a pile foundation pit side wall leveling excavation component and leveling method. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the present invention provides a pile foundation pit side wall leveling excavation assembly and a leveling method, thereby solving the technical problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0006] A pile foundation pit side wall leveling and excavation assembly includes a fixed plate, a symmetrically distributed fixing frame fixedly mounted on one side of the fixed plate, a motor fixedly mounted on the fixed plate, a driving rotating shaft fixedly connected to the motor, a driven rotating shaft also rotatably mounted on the fixed plate, a driven gear fixedly mounted on the driven rotating shaft, a leveling disk fixedly mounted on one end of the driven rotating shaft, a driving gear fixedly mounted on the driving rotating shaft, and the driving gear meshing with the driven gear.

[0007] In a possible implementation, a fender is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the fixing plate.

[0008] In a possible implementation, the flattening disk is a circular disk structure.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the columns and beams of the fixing frame form a stable triangular support structure, and a limit baffle or a guardrail is provided on the outer side of the fixing frame.

[0010] In one possible implementation, a method for leveling the sidewall of a pile foundation pit includes the following steps:

[0011] S1 Planning and coordinate setting of the area to be leveled: In the vertical direction, according to the formula Determine the height of a single layer ,in, Represents the diameter of the leveling plate. In the horizontal direction, it is divided equally according to the length of the foundation pit side wall, and the width of each area is set to 1500-2000mm. With the help of the geological survey report, the soil is classified and marked according to the hardness. The starting operation area is set and a safe working space is reserved. The lower left corner of the foundation pit is used as the coordinate origin, where The direction of the axis is parallel to the direction of the side wall of the foundation pit. The axis is vertically upward, a coordinate system is established, and a grid coordinate matrix is ​​constructed; the fixed plate is installed at the starting position of the foundation pit edge, and the coordinates are calibrated with a total station;

[0012] S2 plans the shortest leveling path: the area to be leveled is set as a graph node, and the edge weights are determined based on the geometric distance formula, different soil working condition weights, and overlap correction coefficients. , use Dijkstra algorithm to calculate the shortest path, add virtual nodes to avoid obstacles when encountering them, and generate the optimal path sequence; use Bezier curve to fit the turning points of the path to ensure smooth operation;

[0013] S3 leveling parameter configuration and equipment calibration: According to the formula To calculate, where represents the motor torque, is the soil hardness coefficient, Indicates the cutting area of ​​the flat disc, is the flat disk diameter, ,in is the rotation speed, Adjust the feed speed according to the leveling accuracy and soil hardness. ,in is the axial displacement of the driven shaft, Determine the leveling parameters for the leveling disc radius; use geological radar scanning to obtain soil hardness data, automatically match the blade type, calculate the initial cutting depth, start the motor idling to detect speed fluctuations, adjust the axial displacement of the driven shaft to calibrate the cutting angle, and adjust the fender position;

[0014] S4 automated leveling operation execution: fix the fixed plate at the starting position and fine-tune the levelness, input the optimal path into the PLC control system and convert it into motion parameters, detect the roughness at the edge of the starting area and adjust the feed speed; leveling is carried out in layers and areas, different operating parameters are used for different soils, and the feed speed and cutting depth are adjusted when crossing areas; after completing the leveling of each area, use a drone equipped with a lidar to scan, mark the correction area, determine the cutting depth based on the deviation value, perform precise cutting, and update the parameters; use a ruler and feeler gauge for comprehensive inspection, and after passing the inspection, disassemble, clean, and maintain the equipment, and organize and archive the data.

[0015] In a possible implementation, the edge weight calculation formula is: ,in is the geometric distance between the two regions, is the working condition weight, is the overlap correction factor.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the formula of the Bezier curve is: , ,in and represents the endpoints of the region, and is the control point, is a parameter.

[0017] Beneficial effects compared with existing technologies:

[0018] 1. This solution constructs a directed weighted graph and introduces a modified Dijkstra algorithm, comprehensively considering the geometric distance between regions, soil condition weights, and overlap correction coefficients to quickly plan the shortest leveling path. This algorithm accurately calculates the optimal movement route, reduces equipment idle time, and improves operational efficiency. The path planning method of the present invention can significantly save operational time, improve the efficiency of pile foundation pit sidewall leveling and excavation, and effectively reduce equipment wear and tear.

[0019] 2. This solution uses geological radar to pre-scan and obtain soil hardness data, automatically matching the appropriate blade type. A formula accurately calculates the cutting depth based on factors such as motor torque, soil hardness coefficient, and the leveling disc's cutting area. The rotation speed is also determined based on the feed rate and leveling disc diameter. This ensures that the equipment can operate stably and efficiently under diverse geological conditions. This intelligent parameter adjustment feature greatly enhances the equipment's versatility, making it adaptable to pile foundation pit sidewall leveling and excavation in a variety of complex strata. This reduces the need for equipment replacement or complex commissioning due to changing geological conditions, reduces construction costs, and improves construction quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present invention and implement it according to the contents of the specification, the following is a detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the leveling and excavation assembly of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 It is a partial structural diagram of the leveling and excavation assembly of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the leveling plate of the leveling and excavation assembly of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the path of the leveling method of the leveling excavation assembly of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the process flow of the leveling method of the present invention.

[0026] Legend: 1. Fixed plate; 2. Fixed frame; 3. Motor; 4. Driven shaft; 5. Leveling plate; 6. Fender; 7. Driving shaft; 8. Driving gear; 9. Driven gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in various forms, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described below. In addition, in order to more clearly describe the present invention, components that are not related to the present invention will be omitted from the drawings.

[0028] The technical solution in the embodiments of the present application is to solve the problems of the above-mentioned background technology, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0029] Example:

[0030] like Figures 1 to 3 , a pile foundation pit side wall leveling excavation component, the leveling excavation component includes a fixed plate 1, the fixed plate 1 is the bearing structure of the entire leveling excavation component, and is made of high-strength alloy steel, has excellent tensile and compressive properties, and its appearance is designed to be a rectangular flat plate. The surface flatness and installation of the fixed plate 1 directly affect the operating trajectory of the excavation component. During installation, its horizontality and verticality are calibrated by measuring instruments, so that the fixed plate 1 becomes the spatial positioning reference of the entire component. Subsequent structures are all based on the fixed plate 1 to ensure that the entire excavation component can be excavated according to the designed trajectory, avoiding side wall flatness errors caused by installation deviations.

[0031] A symmetrically distributed fixing frame 2 is fixedly installed on the side of the fixing plate 1 close to the operator. The columns and crossbeams of the fixing frame 2 form a stable triangular support structure, which can effectively resist the lateral force and axial force generated during the leveling disk operation, ensure the stability of the axial position of each rotating shaft, and avoid failure of the transmission system due to structural deformation. It is welded from high-strength pipes or profiles, and has good spatial rigidity and anti-deformation ability. A bearing seat mounting hole is provided on the fixing frame 2, and a limit baffle or guardrail is provided on the outside of the fixing frame 2 to prevent the operator from accidentally contacting the high-speed rotating shaft and gear components, thereby improving construction safety.

[0032] Motor 3 is fixedly mounted on fixed plate 1. As the power source for the entire assembly, motor 3 utilizes a low-speed, high-torque servo motor or hydraulic motor. Its output power and speed are automatically adjusted according to the hardness of the foundation pit soil and the excavation depth. The selection of its rated power requires comprehensive consideration of factors such as the diameter of the leveling disc, cutting resistance, and soil density to ensure sufficient driving torque under various operating conditions. Considering the humid and dusty working environment of the foundation pit, motor 3's housing is fully enclosed, waterproof, and dustproof. Internally, it incorporates a heat sink and temperature sensor to ensure a suitable operating temperature during long periods of continuous operation. Its wiring terminals and control module are moisture-proof, adaptable to the high humidity at the bottom of the foundation pit and preventing construction interruptions due to electrical failures.

[0033] A driven shaft 4 is also rotatably mounted on the fixed plate 1, to which a driven gear 9 is fixedly mounted. A leveling disc 5 is fixedly mounted at one end of the driven shaft 4. This disc 5 is a working component that directly acts on the sidewalls of the foundation pit. The disc 5 is a circular structure with a diameter selected according to the width of the foundation pit, generally ranging from 500 to 1000 mm. Its edges are equipped with spiral cutting edges or serrated blades for crushing and cutting soil. The blades are made of carbide or high-carbon steel with a wear-resistant surface treatment, making them effective in cutting clay, sand, and even slightly weathered rock.

[0034] The inner surface of the leveling disc 5 is a smooth, curved surface. Centrifugal force displaces soil along this surface, preventing accumulation that could affect the leveling effect. Ribs are incorporated into the disc to enhance rigidity and impact resistance, preventing deformation when encountering obstacles such as rocks. Furthermore, the mounting angle of the leveling disc 5 can be optimized through axial adjustment of the driven shaft and inclination adjustment of the mounting bracket to ensure an optimal cutting angle with the pit sidewall, typically between 15° and 30°, reducing cutting resistance and improving leveling.

[0035] In addition, according to the characteristics of different soil layers, the leveling disc 5 can replace different types of blades, specifically serrated blades for hard soil and smooth blades for soft soil. The extension length of the blade can also be adjusted to achieve control of the cutting depth and surface roughness.

[0036] Fenders 6 are fixed to the underside of the fixed plate 1. These fenders are mounted above and on both sides of the leveling disc 5. These curved or straight fenders, made of high-strength plastic or sheet metal, effectively block dirt and debris thrown out by the rotating disc, protecting operators and surrounding equipment from splash damage. Their height and width cover the disc's primary operating area, while maintaining a suitable clearance of approximately 5-10 mm between the edges and the disc 5 to minimize impact on disc rotation while minimizing splash damage. Some fenders 6 feature inclined guide surfaces on their inner sides to guide removed dirt down a specific path, preventing it from accumulating beneath the disc and hindering operations. If a soil collection trough is installed at the bottom of the pit, the fenders 6 guide the dirt directly into the trough, facilitating subsequent cleanup. Furthermore, the fenders' adjustable height allows them to be adjusted according to excavation depth, ensuring effective protection at all stages of the operation. Fenders 6 are fixed to the fixed plate 1, forming a semi-enclosed protective structure for the leveling disc 5's operating area. This structural design not only enhances the rigidity of the overall component, but also reduces noise and dust diffusion during operation to a certain extent, thus improving the construction environment.

[0037] The driving shaft 7 of the motor 3 extends into the fender 6. A driving gear 8 is fixedly mounted on the driving shaft 7 and meshes with a driven gear 9. The meshing of the driving and driven gears 8 and 9 forms a transmission structure. The gear module is selected based on the transmitted torque, typically 3-5mm. The gear ratio determines the transmission ratio, ensuring sufficient power and speed even in complex and flat environments. The gear surface is carburized and quenched, with a tooth surface hardness of HRC55-60, improving resistance to tooth surface wear and adhesion.

[0038] like Figure 4 The specific steps of the leveling method based on the pile foundation pit side wall leveling excavation component are as follows:

[0039] S1 Planning and coordinate setting of the area to be leveled

[0040] S11 area division

[0041] Before leveling the sidewalls of the pile foundation pit, the area to be leveled must be carefully divided. axis), according to the formula Determine the height of a single layer ,in, Represents the diameter of the leveling disc. This formula is derived from a large amount of engineering practice experience. Since the larger the diameter of the leveling disc, the larger the coverage area of ​​a single operation, but to ensure the leveling effect, the vertical division should not be too high. The coefficient of 0.6-0.8 can better balance efficiency and quality. The value range is between 500-1000mm. In the horizontal direction (set to The horizontal axis is divided equally according to the length of the foundation pit sidewall, and the width of each zone is set to 1500-2000mm. This setting ensures that the overlap rate of the leveling disc's single rotation area is no less than 10%, effectively avoiding missed areas.

[0042] S12 soil condition marking

[0043] With the help of detailed geological survey reports, Figure 4 in - The area is classified and marked according to the soil hardness, specifically divided into three categories: Class I soft soil, Class II hard soil, and Class III rocky soil. Set it as the starting operating area of ​​the equipment and reserve 500mm of safe operating space in this area to ensure the safety of equipment startup and initial operation process.

[0044] S13 coordinate system establishment

[0045] The lower left corner of the foundation pit is used as the coordinate origin, where The direction of the axis is parallel to the direction of the side wall of the foundation pit. The axis is vertically upward, which meets the standard requirements of the engineering coordinate system. Figure 4 Not shown, but in order to achieve accurate three-dimensional positioning, there is also a Axis. For each vertex of the area to be leveled, the coordinates are Specifically, assuming The coordinates of a vertex in the region are , The coordinates of a vertex in the region are In this way, a grid coordinate matrix is ​​constructed , providing accurate basic data for subsequent path planning.

[0046] S14 starting point determination and calibration

[0047] Install the fixing plate 1 firmly on the edge of the foundation pit. Starting point. Use total station to align coordinates Calibrate and strictly control The deviation in the axial direction does not exceed 2mm. The verticality error of the axis does not exceed 0.3°. Make sure the fixed plate 1 is used as the reference starting point for the entire operation.

[0048] S2 plans the shortest flat path

[0049] S21 constructs a directed weighted graph

[0050] Each area to be leveled Set as nodes in graph theory, the lines (edges) between nodes represent the path of the flat disk moving from one area to another. It is determined by the following key factors:

[0051] Geometric distance: by formula (Unit: m) to calculate the geometric distance between two areas. This formula, based on the Pythagorean theorem, accurately measures the actual movement distance and provides basic distance data for edge weight calculation.

[0052] Working condition weight: Set the corresponding working condition weight according to different soil types. Among them, the weight of soft soil area , hard soil area , rocky soil layer This is because different soils have different cutting resistances, and the weight is used to reflect the degree of impact of different soils on the operation time.

[0053] Overlap correction factor: Define the overlap correction factor , when the overlap rate is not less than 10%, The value is 0.9. This coefficient is used to avoid duplication of work during the operation.

[0054] The final edge weight calculation formula is: .

[0055] S22 introduces Dijkstra algorithm

[0056] by As a starting point, use the improved Dijkstra algorithm to calculate all areas - In the actual foundation pit environment, if there are obstacles (such as existing piles), these restricted areas are avoided by adding virtual nodes. The specific execution steps of the algorithm are as follows:

[0057] First, perform the initialization operation and set the distance array All are assigned to infinity, and Assign a value of 0. This means that from the starting point The initial distance to other points is unknown (set to infinity), and the distance to itself is 0;

[0058] Then start traversing all unvisited nodes and select The node with the smallest value This step is to determine the node closest to the starting point;

[0059] Then update the node with Adjacent nodes of The update formula is The meaning of this formula is to take the current The value of The smaller value of the calculated result is used as the new value, thereby continuously optimizing the distance from the starting point to each node;

[0060] Repeat the above steps until all nodes have been visited. Finally, the following is generated: → → → → Such an optimal path sequence.

[0061] S23 path smoothing

[0062] In order to avoid the sudden change of cutting force at the turning points of adjacent areas, Bezier curves are used to fit these turning points. The formula of Bezier curve is: , In this formula, and represents the endpoints of the region, and It is a control point. Is a parameter whose value range is between 0 and 1. The value can make the feed speed of the leveling plate change continuously during the movement process, thus ensuring smoother operation.

[0063] S3 leveling parameter configuration and equipment calibration

[0064] S31 leveling parameter determination

[0065] Depth of cut: with symbol Indicates the cutting depth, and its value range is between 5-50mm. The cutting depth is calculated by the formula To calculate, where represents the motor torque, is the soil hardness coefficient (in the case of soft soil =10, hard soil =5), represents the cutting area of ​​the leveling disc. This formula shows that the cutting depth is proportional to the motor torque and inversely proportional to the soil hardness coefficient and the cutting area. The appropriate cutting depth can be determined based on the soil hardness and equipment performance.

[0066] Rotational speed: Rotational speed is represented by a symbol Indicates that the value range is 10-30rpm. The calculation formula is: ,in is the feed speed (unit: m / s), This formula reflects the relationship between rotation speed, feed speed, and flattening disc diameter and is used to determine the appropriate rotation speed based on feed speed and equipment size.

[0067] Feed rate: Feed rate is expressed by the symbol The value range is 0.1-0.5m / min. When the requirement for flatness accuracy is mm, Usually 0.2m / min is used; if hard soil is encountered, Reduce by 20%. This way, the feed speed can be adjusted according to the soil hardness and precision requirements to ensure the ideal leveling quality.

[0068] Cutting angle: symbol for cutting angle Indicates that the value is between 15°-30°. The calculation formula is ,in is the axial displacement of the driven shaft, By adjusting the ratio of the driven shaft's axial displacement to the radius of the flattening disc, the inverse tangent function is used to calculate the appropriate cutting angle, ensuring that the flattening disc performs cutting operations at the appropriate angle.

[0069] S32 parameter initialization and equipment calibration

[0070] Before the formal start of the operation, the geological radar was used to - The area is pre-scanned to obtain real-time soil hardness data. Based on this data, the appropriate blade type is automatically matched. Specifically, a smooth blade is selected in soft soil areas, and a serrated blade is selected in hard soil areas. At the same time, according to the formula Calculate the initial cutting depth (assuming the motor rated torque ).

[0071] Start the motor 3 and let it idle for 5 minutes. During this process, use the speed sensor to detect the speed fluctuation to ensure that the speed fluctuation does not exceed ±1rpm; manually adjust the axial displacement of the driven shaft 4 and use the inclination sensor to adjust the cutting angle. Calibrate to 25°, which is the best working angle verified by practice; when installing the fender 6, carefully adjust its position to ensure that the gap between the fender 6 and the flat plate 5 is 5-10mm, and the edge alignment error does not exceed 3mm.

[0072] S4 automated leveling operation execution

[0073] S41 initialization positioning and pre-leveling

[0074] Fix the fixing plate 1 accurately on At the starting point, use a hydraulic jack to fine-tune its levelness, and use a level to check to ensure that the plane error does not exceed 2mm. This step ensures the accuracy of the equipment's initial position and provides a stable foundation for subsequent operations.

[0075] The optimal path generated in step 2 → → → → Input into the PLC control system, which converts the coordinate information in the path into the equipment feed axis ( axis) and lifting axis ( The precise motion parameters of the axis) enable the equipment to operate according to the planned path.

[0076] exist The edge of the area is cut for 1m and the roughness of the cutting surface is detected using a laser scanner. If the test result shows that the roughness Ra exceeds 10μm, the feed speed is automatically increased. Adjust to 0.15m / min to ensure the quality of subsequent formal operations.

[0077] S42 layered and zoned leveling

[0078] area Leveling (soft soil layer, mm): When starting the operation, the motor speed Set to 20rpm, feed speed Set to 0.3m / min, the leveling disc 5 rotates in a clockwise direction. After completing each 1m² leveling operation, a professional leveling test device is used to scan and test the surface leveling. Once the deviation exceeds 5mm, the system will automatically trigger the compensation cutting operation and Fine-tune the axial direction by 1-3 mm. During operation, the cut soil will be guided by the fender 6 and fall into the soil collecting trough. In order to avoid clogging of the soil collecting trough, it needs to be cleaned every 5 minutes.

[0079] area Leveling (hard soil layer, mm): Since this area is a hard soil layer, it is necessary to switch to a sawtooth blade first and increase the motor torque to 70 , set the motor speed Adjust to 15rpm, feed speed The speed is reduced to 0.2 m / min. During leveling operations, a spiral path is used, with each turn overlapping by 20% to ensure thorough crushing of hard soil. During operation, a stress sensor monitors the load on the driven shaft 4 in real time. Once the load exceeds 120% of the threshold, the system automatically retracts the leveling disc 50 mm and initiates vibration crushing mode (vibration frequency of 50 Hz, duration of 10 seconds).

[0080] Cross-regional bridging processing (such as → Boundary): When the leveling disk is about to reach the area boundary → When cutting the boundary, the feed speed is reduced to 0.1m / min 50mm in advance, and the cutting depth of the flattening disc is gradually reduced from 30mm to 15mm. The boundary contour is accurately detected using a visual recognition system, and the cutting trajectory of the transition area is generated based on the detection results to ensure that the flatness error at the joint does not exceed 2mm.

[0081] S43 real-time detection and correction

[0082] After completing the leveling of each area, a drone equipped with a LiDAR system is used to scan the leveled area, generating 3D point cloud data. This data is then compared and analyzed against the pre-set design model, with areas with deviations exceeding 5mm marked as correction areas.

[0083] The marked correction area is processed by point-to-point precision cutting. Determined according to the deviation value, the calculation formula is (A 20% compensation amount is reserved.) During path planning, high-frequency deviation areas are prioritized to improve correction efficiency.

[0084] The test results are fed back to the parameter configuration module, and the cutting parameters for subsequent operations in the soil layer area are updated based on this actual data, thus forming a closed-loop control of "operation-testing-optimization" and continuously improving the quality of operations.

[0085] S44 Final Inspection and Post-Processing

[0086] Use a 2m long straightedge and feeler gauge to thoroughly inspect the entire leveling area, testing three points per 1m². If the pass rate reaches 95% or above, the leveling work in that area is considered qualified.

[0087] Dismantle the leveling plate 5, gear set, motor 3, and other equipment components in the reverse order of installation. After dismantling, clean and maintain each component and store it in a moisture-proof warehouse for future use. Organize and archive important data such as the operation path, parameter log, and test report during this operation. This data will serve as an important reference for subsequent foundation pit construction.

[0088] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are merely examples for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that other variations or modifications based on the above description are possible. It is not necessary and impossible to provide an exhaustive list of all embodiments. However, obvious variations or modifications arising therefrom remain within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for leveling the sidewall of a pile foundation pit, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 Planning and coordinate setting of the area to be leveled: In the vertical direction, determine the single layer height H according to the formula H = D × (0.6-0.8), where D represents the diameter of the leveling plate. In the horizontal direction, divide the area into equal parts according to the length of the foundation pit sidewall, and set the width of the single area to 1500-2000mm. With the help of the geological survey report, classify and mark the soil according to its hardness. Set the starting operation area and reserve a safe working space. Use the lower left corner of the foundation pit as the coordinate origin, with the X-axis parallel to the direction of the foundation pit sidewall and the Y-axis vertically upward to establish a coordinate system and construct a grid coordinate matrix. Install the fixed plate at the starting position of the foundation pit edge and calibrate the coordinates with a total station. S2 plans the shortest leveling path: the area to be leveled is set as a graph node, and the edge weight w is determined according to the geometric distance formula, different soil working condition weights and overlap correction coefficient. ij , use Dijkstra algorithm to calculate the shortest path, add virtual nodes to avoid obstacles when encountering them, and generate the optimal path sequence; use Bezier curve to fit the turning points of the path to ensure smooth operation; S3 leveling parameter configuration and equipment calibration: According to the formula To calculate, where h represents the cutting depth, T represents the motor torque, and k is the soil hardness coefficient. Indicates the cutting area of ​​the flat disc, D is the diameter of the flat disc, Where n is the rotation speed, v is the feed speed, and the feed speed is adjusted according to the leveling accuracy and soil hardness. Where ΔL is the axial displacement of the driven shaft and R is the radius of the leveling disc to determine the leveling parameters. Geological radar scanning is used to obtain soil hardness data, automatically match the blade type, calculate the initial cutting depth, start the motor to idle and detect speed fluctuations, adjust the axial displacement of the driven shaft to calibrate the cutting angle, and adjust the fender position. The S4 automated leveling operation is executed by fixing the fixed plate at the starting position and fine-tuning the levelness. The optimal path is input into the PLC control system and converted into motion parameters. An air cut is made at the edge of the starting area to detect roughness and adjust the feed speed. Leveling is performed in layers and areas, using different operating parameters for different soils. The feed speed and cutting depth are adjusted when crossing areas. After completing the leveling of each area, a drone equipped with a lidar is used to scan and mark the correction area. The cutting depth is determined based on the deviation value for precise cutting and the parameters are updated. A comprehensive inspection is carried out using a straightedge and feeler gauge. If qualified, the equipment is disassembled, cleaned, maintained, and the data is archived. An excavation assembly for use with the above-mentioned leveling method comprises a fixed plate (1), a symmetrically distributed fixed frame (2) is fixedly mounted on one side of the fixed plate (1), a motor (3) is fixedly mounted on the fixed plate (1), the motor (3) is fixedly connected to a driving shaft (7), a driven shaft (4) is also rotatably mounted on the fixed plate (1), a driven gear (9) is fixedly mounted on the driven shaft (4), a leveling disc (5) is fixedly mounted on one end of the driven shaft (4), a driving gear (8) is fixedly mounted on the driving shaft (7), and the driving gear (8) is meshed with the driven gear (9); A fender (6) is fixedly mounted on the lower side of the fixing plate (1); The flattening plate (5) is a circular plate-shaped structure; The upright posts and crossbeams of the fixing frame (2) form a stable triangular support structure, and a limiting baffle or a guardrail is provided on the outer side of the fixing frame (2).

2. A pile foundation pit side wall leveling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The edge weight calculation formula is w ij =d ij ×α×β, where d ij is the geometric distance between the two areas, α is the working condition weight, and β is the overlap correction coefficient.

3. A pile foundation pit side wall leveling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula of the Bezier curve is P(t)=(1-t) 3 P0+3(1-t) 2 tP1+3(1-t)t 2 P2+t 3 P3, t∈[0,1], where P0 and P3 represent the endpoints of the region, P1 and P2 are control points, and t is a parameter.

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