Fabricated building wall

Abstract

The invention discloses an assembly type building wall and belongs to the technical field of assembly type constructions.The building wall is formed by assembling a plurality of wallboards, capsule sets are embedded in the wallboards and comprise water capsules, the water capsules comprise shells and inner cavity liquid, the inner cavity liquid comprises water and triggering agents, and the triggering agents are arranged in the shells; the shell is used for cracking along with generation of cracks of a building wall body; the microbial capsule comprises an outer layer film and a middle protection layer, microorganisms and nutrient media are wrapped in the middle protection layer, the triggering agent is used for reacting with the outer layer film to release the internal microorganisms and nutrient media, and the microorganisms are used for generating calcium carbonate precipitates for filling cracks by taking water as a medium. The problems that wall crack repairing needs to consume a large amount of manpower, material resources and time, and timely repairing is difficult to achieve are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of assembled buildings, and more particularly to an assembled building wall. Background Art

[0002] Prefabricated building walls refer to wall panels, modules and other components that are prefabricated in factories through industrialized production methods. After being transported to the construction site, they are quickly assembled into building envelope structures or load-bearing components through mechanical lifting and connection technology. Its core features are standardized design, factory production, and assembly construction, which realize the coordination of industrialization and informatization of the entire construction process. Factory prefabrication reduces material loss, and components can be recycled and reused, which is in line with the concept of circular economy. In addition, the construction process of prefabricated building walls can reduce more than 80% of construction waste, and noise and dust emissions are significantly lower than traditional methods. It can be seen that prefabricated building walls are a kind of green building.

[0003] During long-term use, traditional prefabricated building walls are prone to cracks due to the influence of temperature changes, foundation settlement, external force impact and other factors. These cracks not only affect the appearance of the building, but also reduce the structural strength and thermal insulation and sound insulation properties of the wall. In serious cases, they may even threaten the safety of the building. At present, the repair of wall cracks usually adopts manual repair, which not only consumes a lot of manpower, material resources and time, but also is difficult to repair in time. The cracks may have caused a certain degree of damage to the wall before they are discovered.

[0004] In view of this, the present invention provides a new solution to solve the above problem. Summary of the invention

[0005] In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a prefabricated building wall, which solves the problem that repairing wall cracks not only requires a lot of manpower, material resources and time, but is also difficult to repair in time.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An assembled building wall is assembled from a plurality of wall panels, wherein a capsule group is embedded in the wall panels, and the capsule group includes:

[0008] A water capsule, the water capsule comprising an outer shell and an inner cavity liquid, the inner cavity liquid comprising water and a triggering agent, the outer shell being used to rupture when cracks occur in a building wall;

[0009] Microbial capsule, the microbial capsule includes an outer layer membrane and an intermediate protective layer, the intermediate protective layer encapsulates microorganisms and a nutrient medium, the trigger is used to react with the outer layer membrane to release the internal microorganisms and nutrient medium, and the microorganisms are used to generate calcium carbonate precipitate for filling cracks with water as the medium.

[0010] Further preferably: the trigger is an EDTA chelating agent.

[0011] Further preferably: the outer layer membrane is a calcium alginate membrane.

[0012] Further preferably: the intermediate protective layer is a porous diatomite matrix;

[0013] The intermediate protective layer encapsulates a dormant spore protectant, and the dormant spore protectant is trehalose.

[0014] Further preferably: the microorganism is Bacillus pasteurii.

[0015] Further preferably: the nutrient medium includes urea and calcium lactate.

[0016] Further preferably: the capsule group includes a large capsule group and a small capsule group, and both the large capsule group and the small capsule group include the water capsule and the microbial capsule;

[0017] The diameter of the small capsule group is 2 - 3 mm, and a plurality of small capsule groups are provided and are all pre-buried in the surface layer of the wall panel;

[0018] The diameter of the large capsule group is 5 - 8 mm, and a plurality of large capsule groups are provided and are all pre-buried at the joints and stress concentration points of the wall panel.

[0019] Further preferably: the outer shell of the water capsule in the small capsule group is a brittle polylactic acid material with a thickness of 0.05 - 0.2 mm;

[0020] The outer shell of the water capsule in the large capsule group is a modified polylactic acid material with a thickness of 0.1 - 0.3 mm.

[0021] Further preferably: reinforcing ribs are fixed on the side of the wall panel, and the reinforcing ribs are located at the joints of the wall panel;

[0022] PVA fibers are pre-buried at the joints of the wall panel, and the PVA fibers are used to absorb the inner cavity liquid in the water capsule and form a composite reinforcement structure with the reinforcing ribs and calcium carbonate precipitate after expansion.

[0023] Further preferably: the concentration of the trigger in the large capsule group is 0.3 - 0.5 mol / L; the concentration of the trigger in the small capsule group is 0.1 - 0.2 mol / L.

[0024] In summary, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: When a wall crack occurs, the stress concentration at the crack tip causes the outer shell of the water capsule to rupture, and water and EDTA flow out simultaneously, spreading along the crack to the surface of the microbial capsule. At this time, EDTA chelates Ca in the calcium alginate film 2+ , destroying the cross-linked structure and dissolving the outer layer film. After the outer layer film is dissolved, the released Bacillus pasteurii uses water as a medium and utilizes the nutrient medium (urea, Ca 2+ ) for metabolism to generate calcium carbonate precipitation. The calcium carbonate crystals are deposited in the crack, gradually filling and cementing the loose structure. The calcium carbonate crystals form a dense network through biomineralization, enhancing the mechanical strength and impermeability of the crack area. The prefabricated building wall of the present invention can quickly activate the self-repair mechanism after a crack occurs, effectively filling the crack and restoring the structural strength of the wall, solving the problem that the repair of wall cracks not only requires a large amount of manpower, material resources and time, but also is difficult to repair in a timely manner. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the splicing structure of adjacent wall panels in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the splicing structure of adjacent wall panels in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the wall panel structure in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of key areas such as the joint and stress concentration area of the wall panel in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the water capsule in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of the microbial capsule in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0031] In the figure, 1, wall panel; 2, joint; 3, reinforcing rib; 4, capsule group; 41, small capsule group; 42, large capsule group; 5, water capsule; 51, outer shell; 52, inner cavity liquid; 6, microbial capsule; 61, outer layer film; 62, intermediate protective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0032] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0033] Embodiment 1: A prefabricated building wall, as Figure 1-4 shown, the building wall is assembled from a plurality of wall panels 1, and the splicing part of adjacent wall panels 1 is the joint 2.

[0034] In order to strengthen the splicing strength of adjacent wall panels 1 , preferably, reinforcing ribs 3 are fixed to the side of the wall panels 1 , and the reinforcing ribs 3 are located at the joints 2 of the wall panels 1 .

[0035] Furthermore, the reinforcing rib 3 is a U-shaped steel bar and both ends are respectively fixed to the side of the wall panel 1 , and a plurality of reinforcing ribs 3 are arranged at equal intervals along the length direction of the joint 2 .

[0036] In the above technical solution, the wall joint 2 is a weak area connected to the wall panel 1, which is prone to stress concentration and crack expansion. In addition, the wall joint 2 bears the horizontal and vertical load transfer function between the wall panels 1. If the strength is insufficient, it will cause an imbalance in load distribution and lead to local damage. For this reason, the present invention sets a reinforcing rib 3 at the joint 2. When adjacent wall panels 1 are spliced, the reinforcing rib 3 can form an integrated structure with the cement pouring. The reinforcing rib 3 significantly improves the bending and shearing resistance of the wall joint 2 by constraining the stress distribution at the joint 2 of the wall panel 1, avoiding local deformation or collapse caused by external loads or earthquakes, and inhibiting crack expansion.

[0037] Although the setting of the reinforcing ribs 3 enhances the bending and shearing resistance of the wall joints 2 to a certain extent, the wall is still at risk of cracks in the stress concentration area, joints 2 and other areas of the wall due to various factors such as temperature changes, foundation settlement, and external force impact during long-term use. Manual repair is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and difficult to repair in time. For this reason, the present invention pre-buries a capsule group 4 for self-repair in the wall so that it can self-repair when cracks occur. The self-repair process can prevent the cracks from further expanding, maintain the continuity and integrity of the wall, and avoid the decrease in structural bearing capacity caused by crack expansion.

[0038] Reference Figure 1-6 The capsule group 4 includes a large capsule group 42 and a small capsule group 41, and both the large capsule group 42 and the small capsule group 41 include a water capsule 5 and a microorganism capsule 6. The water capsule 5 includes an outer shell 51 and an inner cavity liquid 52, and the inner cavity liquid 52 includes water and a triggering agent. The outer shell 51 is used to break when cracks in the building wall are generated. The microorganism capsule 6 includes an outer membrane 61 and an intermediate protective layer 62, and the intermediate protective layer 62 contains dormant microorganisms, a nutrient medium, and a dormant spore protective agent. The triggering agent is used to react with the outer membrane 61 to release the internal microorganisms and the nutrient medium, and the microorganisms are used to use water as a medium to generate calcium carbonate precipitation for filling the cracks.

[0039] Preferably, the triggering agent is an EDTA chelating agent.

[0040] Preferably, the outer layer membrane 61 is a calcium alginate membrane.

[0041] Preferably, the intermediate protective layer 62 is a porous diatomite matrix. Using the porous diatomite matrix as a carrier can not only immobilize microorganisms but also isolate the moisture and alkaline substances in the concrete. Diatomite has a three-dimensional network structure, which can embed microbial cells in the pores to prevent their loss. There are a large number of silanol groups (Si-OH) on the surface of diatomite, which adsorb microorganisms through hydrogen bonds and van der Waals forces. At the same time, its porous structure can resist external impacts.

[0042] Preferably, the dormant spore protectant is trehalose to ensure that the survival rate of microorganisms is >90% during the storage period (≥5 years) of the wall panel 1.

[0043] Preferably, the microorganism is Bacillus pasteurii.

[0044] Preferably, the nutrient medium includes urea and calcium lactate.

[0045] More preferably, the nutrient medium is a CASO AGAR medium containing urea (20 g / L), and calcium salt CaCl2 is supplemented as the calcium source to provide sufficient substrates for the reaction.

[0046] In the above technical solution, the inner cavity liquid 52 contains two components, water and a trigger. Water serves as the basic solvent for microbial metabolism, and the trigger is used to undergo a specific reaction with the outer membrane 61 of the microbial capsule 6 to accelerate membrane rupture. The outer membrane 61 is made of a sensitive material, calcium alginate membrane, which reacts with the trigger. When the calcium alginate membrane encounters an EDTA solution, calcium ions are chelated, and the membrane structure disintegrates. Triggering process: When a crack occurs in the wall, the stress concentration at the crack tip causes the outer shell 51 of the water capsule 5 to rupture, and water and EDTA flow out simultaneously. They diffuse along the crack to the surface of the microbial capsule 6. At this time, EDTA chelates the Ca 2+ in the calcium alginate membrane, destroys the cross-linking structure, and dissolves the outer membrane 61. After the outer membrane 61 is dissolved, the released Bacillus pasteurii uses water as a medium and utilizes the nutrient medium (urea, Ca 2+ ) for metabolism to generate calcium carbonate precipitation, and calcium carbonate crystals deposit in the crack.

[0047] The core principle of Bacillus pasteurii generating calcium carbonate precipitation through metabolism to repair wall cracks is as follows:

[0048] I. Urea decomposition and carbonate release

[0049] Bacillus pasteurii secretes urease to hydrolyze urea (CO(NH2)2) in the culture medium into ammonium ions (NH4 + ) and carbonate ions (CO3 2- ), and the reaction formula is:

[0050] CO(NH2)2 + H2O → 2NH3 + CO2

[0051] CO2 + H2O → HCO3- → CO3 2- + H +

[0052] This process provides the core reactants for the formation of calcium carbonate.

[0053] In addition, urea also serves as the nitrogen source and metabolic energy source for bacteria, supporting the growth of bacterial cells and the continuous secretion of urease.

[0054] II. Formation of calcium carbonate precipitation

[0055] Calcium ions (Ca 2+ ) in the nutrient medium combine with the released carbonate (CO3 2- ) to form calcium carbonate (CaCO3) crystal precipitation. The reaction formula is:

[0056] Ca 2+ + CO3 2- → CaCO3↓

[0057] The crystals are deposited in the form of calcite in the cracks, gradually filling and cementing the loose structure. The calcium carbonate crystals form a dense network through biomineralization, enhancing the mechanical strength and impermeability of the crack area.

[0058] Referring to Figure 1-6 , in the small capsule group 41, the diameters of both the water capsule 5 and the microbial capsule 6 are 3 mm. The small capsule group 41 has multiple capsules and they are all pre-embedded on the surface layer of the wall panel 1. The small capsule group 41 preferentially responds to microcracks. In the large capsule group 42, the diameters of both the water capsule 5 and the microbial capsule 6 are 6 mm. The large capsule group 42 has multiple capsules and they are all pre-embedded in key areas such as the joints 2 of the wall panel 1 and stress concentration areas.

[0059] Preferably, the stress concentration areas include regions with sudden changes in geometric shape (holes, concave corners, and notches, etc.), connection and joint regions (beam-column joints, bolt holes, and welds, etc.), and key parts under external load.

[0060] Preferably, the small capsule group 41 responds to microcracks of 0.05 - 0.2 mm, and the pre-embedded position is at a depth of 5 - 10 mm from the wall surface. The material of the outer shell 51 is brittle ultra-thin polylactic acid (PLA) with a thickness of 0.1 mm, and the rupture stress threshold ≤ 0.5 MPa.

[0061] Preferably, the large capsule group 42 is adapted to medium and large cracks with a width of 0.2 - 1.5 mm. The embedded position is at a depth of 20 - 50 mm from the wall surface, and it is located in the structural layer of key areas such as the joint 2 of the wall panel 1 and the stress concentration area. The material of the outer shell 51 is modified polylactic acid, with a thickness of 0.3 mm and a rupture stress threshold ≥ 1.2 MPa. The modified polylactic acid is obtained by blending enhancement, fiber / nano - composite, copolymer modification, cross - linking modification or other modification methods for polylactic acid. The modification method is prior art and will not be elaborated in this invention. As long as the rupture stress threshold ≥ 1.2 MPa is satisfied. Specifically, the modified polylactic acid in this embodiment is a commercially available product.

[0062] To improve the repair strength of medium and large cracks, preferably, PVA fibers are embedded in key areas such as the joint 2 of the wall panel 1 and the stress concentration area. The PVA fibers are used to absorb the inner cavity liquid 52 in the water capsule 5 and, after expansion, combine with the reinforcing rib 3 and calcium carbonate precipitation to form a composite reinforcement structure.

[0063] When cracks occur, the crack widths vary. In key areas such as the joint 2 of the wall panel 1 and the stress concentration area, due to the relatively fast crack propagation speed, once micro - cracks occur, they are likely to develop into medium and large cracks. Therefore, based on the crack propagation depth and stress distribution characteristics, through the differential design of capsule size, material strength, and embedded position, the hierarchical triggering of different crack widths in key areas such as the joint 2 of the wall panel 1 and the stress concentration area is realized.

[0064] The hierarchical triggering process is as follows:

[0065] 1. Micro - crack stage (0.05 - 0.2 mm): When micro - cracks occur, the surface stress concentration first acts on the small capsule group 41. The outer shell 51 of the water capsule 5 in the small capsule group 41 ruptures to release water and EDTA. After the release of EDTA, it will dissolve the outer membrane 61 of the adjacent microbial capsule 6, releasing microorganisms to initiate repair. The repair will be completed within 24 - 48 hours, and the strength recovery rate ≥ 85%.

[0066] 2. Medium and large - crack stage (0.2 - 1.5 mm): After micro - cracks occur, the surface repair does not completely prevent the crack from expanding. The crack continues to expand and extends to the inner layer of the wall, thus triggering the water capsule 5 in the large capsule group 42. The outer shell 51 of the water capsule 5 in the large capsule group 42 ruptures to release water and EDTA. After the release of EDTA, it will dissolve the outer membrane 61 of the adjacent microbial capsule 6, thereby releasing more microorganisms. At this time, the PVA fibers absorb water and expand. The microbial mineralization and the expansion of PVA fibers form a composite reinforcement structure, and the tensile strength is increased by 10 - 15%.

[0067] Further preferably, the concentration of the trigger agent in the large capsule group 42 is 0.4 mol / L; the concentration of the trigger agent in the small capsule group 41 is 0.2 mol / L.

[0068] Since the crack propagation speed in key areas such as the joints 2 of the wall panel 1 and stress concentration areas is fast, in order to quickly repair cracks, the concentration of the triggering agent in the large capsule group 42 in the present invention is higher than that in the small capsule group 41. The triggering agent in the large capsule group 42 is used to quickly chelate Ca in the calcium alginate film of the microbial capsule 6 2+ , and the dissolution time ≤ 10 min. The crack propagation speed in non-critical areas such as the middle of the wall is slower, and medium and large cracks are not easily formed. Therefore, only the small capsule group 41 is provided in non-critical areas such as the middle of the wall, and the dissolution time of the calcium alginate film is 20 - 30 min to adapt to the slow crack propagation.

[0069] In the present invention, since the strain Bacillus pasteurii in the microbial capsule 6 needs to remain dormant for a long time, if it ruptures prematurely (simultaneously with the water capsule 5), the microorganisms will be exposed to a dry environment and inactivated, and cannot repair the cracks in time when they occur. And if they rupture synchronously), the microorganisms may be activated before the cracks are generated, resulting in abnormal deposition of the repair material inside the wall, affecting the structural performance. In addition, the metabolism of microorganisms requires the combined action of water and nutrient medium. If they rupture simultaneously, it may cause the microorganisms to be released without enough water and unable to complete the repair. Therefore, the present invention adopts a method of stepwise rupture of the water capsule 5 and the microbial capsule 6, that is, the generation of cracks causes the water capsule 5 to rupture, and after the water capsule 5 ruptures, it causes the microbial capsule 6 to rupture. In this way, it can be ensured that the water and the triggering agent EDTA released by the water capsule 5 fully dissolve the outer membrane 61 of the microbial capsule 6, providing a moist environment and a reaction start signal for the microorganisms.

[0070] During the construction of the prefabricated wall, the embedding of the water capsule 5 and the microbial capsule 6 may be affected by the mechanical stress of concrete mixing and vibration. Therefore, the capsule group 4 in the present invention adopts a vertical layered design, that is, when constructing the wall, the bottom layer of concrete is first poured, and after placing the capsule group 4, the upper layer is covered to reduce the fluid pressure borne by the capsules.

[0071] Preferably, the thickness of each layer of cement is 40 - 60 mm to ensure that the capsule group 4 is not damaged by extrusion during concrete pouring. In the non-critical area of the wall panel 1, one layer of the capsule group 4 is set for every 3 - 4 layers of cement layers, while in the key areas such as the joints 2 of the wall panel 1 and stress concentration areas, it is encrypted to one layer of the capsule group 4 for every 2 layers of cement.

[0072] Testing method

[0073] I. Rupture stress test of the water capsule 5

[0074] Purpose: To verify the rupture threshold of the outer shell 51 of the water capsule 5 in this embodiment under different stress conditions, and ensure that the materials of the outer shells 51 of the small capsule group 41 and the large capsule group 42 meet the design requirements.

[0075] Steps: Prepare 5 samples of water capsules. The shell 51 of the water capsules in the small capsule group 41 is made of brittle polylactic acid, and the shell 51 of the water capsules in the large capsule group 42 is made of commercially available modified polylactic acid (Fupai PLA SE802). Use a universal testing machine to conduct compression tests on the water capsule 5 samples of the small capsule group 41 and the large capsule group 42 respectively, and gradually increase the pressure until the capsules rupture. Record the rupture stress values of each sample to obtain Table 1.

[0076] Table 1 Water Capsule Rupture Stress Test

[0077] Test item Sample quantity Average rupture stress Small capsule group 10 0.45 MPa Large capsule group 10 1.3 MPa

[0078] As can be seen from Table 1, the shell 51 materials of the water capsules 5 in the small capsule group 41 and the large capsule group 42 both meet the design requirements.

[0079] II. Microbial Survival Rate Test

[0080] Purpose: To evaluate the survival ability of Bacillus pasteurii in the microbial capsule 6 during storage.

[0081] Steps: Under standard storage conditions of a temperature of 25°C and a humidity of 50%, store the microbial capsule 6 samples of the small capsule group 41 and the large capsule group 42 for 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years respectively. Regularly take out the samples for microbial culture tests, and observe and record the growth of colonies. Calculate the survival rate, which is the ratio of the number of surviving colonies to the initial number of colonies, to obtain Table 2.

[0082] Table 2 Microbial Survival Rate Test

[0083]

[0084] As can be seen from Table 2, Bacillus pasteurii in the microbial capsules 6 in the small capsule group 41 and the large capsule group 42 can maintain good survival ability during storage.

[0085] III. Repair Efficiency and Strength Test

[0086] Purpose: To verify the actual effect of the wall crack self-repair system, including the repair speed and the strength of the wall after repair.

[0087] Steps: Fabricate two specimens A and B of wall panel 1. In specimen A of wall panel 1, a small capsule group 41 is pre-embedded in the surface layer, and in specimen B of wall panel 1, a small capsule group 41 is pre-embedded in the surface layer and a large capsule group 42 is pre-embedded inside. Simulate the conditions for crack generation, such as temperature change, external force impact, etc., so that the water capsules 5 in the small capsule group 41 in specimen A of wall panel 1 rupture and release the trigger agent, and the water capsules 5 in both the small capsule group 41 and the large capsule group 42 in specimen B of wall panel 1 rupture and release the trigger agent. Observe and record the dissolution time of the outer membrane 61 of the microbial capsule 6, the formation process of calcium carbonate precipitation, and the crack filling situation. Use a pressure testing machine to test the compressive strength of the repaired wall panel 1 and compare it with the strength of the original wall to obtain Table 3.

[0088] Table 3 Repair Efficiency and Strength Test

[0089]

[0090] As can be seen from Table 3, the prefabricated building wall of the present invention can quickly activate the self-repair mechanism after cracks occur, effectively fill the cracks and restore the structural strength of the wall.

[0091] Example 2: A prefabricated building wall, which is different from Example 1 in that the water capsules 5 and the microbial capsules 6 in the small capsule group 41 both have a diameter of 2 mm, and the water capsules 5 and the microbial capsules 6 in the large capsule group 42 both have a diameter of 5 mm. The material of the outer shell 51 in the small capsules is brittle ultra-thin polylactic acid (PLA) with a thickness of 0.05 mm, and the material of the outer shell 51 in the large capsules is modified polylactic acid with a thickness of 0.1 mm. The concentration of the trigger agent in the large capsule group 42 is 0.3 mol / L, and the concentration of the trigger agent in the small capsule group 41 is 0.1 mol / L.

[0092] Example 3: A prefabricated building wall, which is different from Example 1 in that the water capsules 5 and the microbial capsules 6 in the small capsule group 41 both have a diameter of 2 mm, and the water capsules 5 and the microbial capsules 6 in the large capsule group 42 both have a diameter of 8 mm. The material of the outer shell 51 in the small capsules is brittle polylactic acid (PLA) with a thickness of 0.2 mm, and the material of the outer shell 51 in the large capsules is modified polylactic acid with a thickness of 0.3 mm. The concentration of the trigger agent in the large capsule group 42 is 0.5 mol / L, and the concentration of the trigger agent in the small capsule group 41 is 0.2 mol / L.

[0093] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. All technical solutions falling within the idea of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A prefabricated building wall assembled from multiple wall panels (1), characterized in that: A capsule group (4) is pre-embedded in the wall panel (1), and the capsule group (4) includes: A water capsule (5), the water capsule (5) includes a shell (51) and an internal cavity liquid (52), the internal cavity liquid (52) includes water and a trigger agent, and the shell (51) is used to rupture with the generation of cracks in the building wall; A microbial capsule (6), the microbial capsule (6) includes an outer layer membrane (61) and an intermediate protective layer (62), the intermediate protective layer (62) encapsulates microorganisms and a nutrient medium, the trigger agent is used to react with the outer layer membrane (61) to release the internal microorganisms and nutrient medium, and the microorganisms are used to generate calcium carbonate precipitate for filling cracks with water as a medium.

2. The prefabricated building wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The trigger agent is an EDTA chelating agent.

3. A prefabricated building wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer layer membrane (61) is a calcium alginate membrane.

4. The prefabricated building wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intermediate protective layer (62) is a porous diatomite matrix; The intermediate protective layer (62) encapsulates a dormant spore protective agent, and the dormant spore protective agent is trehalose.

5. The prefabricated building wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The microorganism is Bacillus pasteurii.

6. The prefabricated building wall according to claim 1, wherein: The nutrient medium includes urea and calcium lactate.

7. The prefabricated building wall according to claim 1, wherein: The capsule group (4) includes a large capsule group (42) and a small capsule group (41), and both the large capsule group (42) and the small capsule group (41) include the water capsule (5) and the microbial capsule (6); The small capsule group (41) has a diameter of 2-3 mm, and multiple small capsule groups (41) are provided and are all pre-embedded in the surface layer of the wall panel (1); The large capsule group (42) has a diameter of 5-8 mm, and multiple large capsule groups (42) are provided and are all pre-embedded at the joint (2) and stress concentration points of the wall panel (1).

8. The prefabricated building wall according to claim 7, wherein: The shell (51) of the water capsule (5) in the small capsule group (41) is a brittle polylactic acid material with a thickness of 0.05-0.2 mm; The shell (51) of the water capsule (5) in the large capsule group (42) is a modified polylactic acid material with a thickness of 0.1-0.3 mm.

9. The prefabricated building wall according to claim 7, characterized in that: A reinforcing rib (3) is fixed on the side of the wall panel (1), and the reinforcing rib (3) is located at the joint (2) of the wall panel (1); PVA fibers are pre-embedded at the joint (2) of the wall panel (1), and the PVA fibers are used to absorb the internal cavity liquid (52) in the water capsule (5), and after swelling, they combine with the reinforcing rib (3) and calcium carbonate precipitate to form a composite reinforcement structure.

10. A prefabricated building wall according to claim 9, characterized in that: The concentration of the trigger agent in the large capsule group (42) is 0.3-0.5 mol / L; the concentration of the trigger agent in the small capsule group (41) is 0.1-0.2 mol / L.

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