Coring drill and continuous coring method for acquiring distribution characteristics of primary halo elements

Abstract

The invention provides a coring drill and a continuous coring method for acquiring distribution characteristics of primary halo elements, and relates to the field of geological exploration. The coring drill is mainly composed of a hollow drill rod, a drill bit, a coring device, a fixing piece and a rope shifting rod, the coring device is hung in the drill bit before coring, and the fixing piece is anchored to the end face of a rock core through a self-explosion nail shooting device; during coring, the coring device automatically moves downwards and is matched with the inner conical surface of the drill bit to enable the annular cutter to move inwards to annularly cut a rock core; and along with the continuous downward movement of the coring device, the shifting wheel is stopped by the stop block and starts to intermittently rotate, so that the lifting rope is transversely shifted by the shifting rod to apply upward pulling force to the rock core, and the rock core is snapped and taken out. The device is ingenious in design, and ring cutting, core breaking and coring can be automatically achieved only through rotation of the drill bit. An existing coring mode of drilling while disassembling and assembling the drill rod is changed, a section of rock core can be taken out every time a certain depth is drilled, the drill rod does not need to be disassembled and assembled in the coring process, time and labor are saved, and efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention specifically relates to a core drill and a continuous coring method for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements, and belongs to the technical field of geological exploration. Background Art

[0002] The primary halo refers to the abnormal distribution of elements around the ore body, which is usually formed by the migration and precipitation of elements during the mineralization process. At present, mineralization prediction is based on the element distribution characteristics of primary halo samples. By analyzing the element distribution law, combination characteristics and spatial zoning of the primary halo (primary geochemical anomaly) around the ore body, the location, scale and type of the concealed ore body can be inferred.

[0003] For a long time, drilling and sampling have been an important means to obtain the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements. With the development of drilling technology, at present, deep drilling is no longer difficult, but the difficult part is sampling. The traditional drilling and sampling uses a core-taking method of disassembling and assembling the drill pipe while drilling. After drilling to a certain depth, it is necessary to disassemble the drill pipe to take out the core in the core barrel, and then reinstall the drill pipe to continue drilling. The biggest problem with this method of taking core while drilling is that the drill holes are usually several hundred meters to two kilometers deep. As the drilling depth increases, a large number of drill pipes need to be frequently disassembled and assembled, which is not only time-consuming and laborious, but also has low efficiency. In addition, in order to facilitate a comprehensive analysis of the element distribution characteristics of primary halo samples, it is required that the sampled core must be continuous and complete. However, the existing core barrels have the problem of core loss. Once core loss occurs, the core of this section cannot be taken out completely, resulting in the loss of sampling information. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the deficiencies in the background art, the present invention discloses a core drill and a continuous coring method for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements, and the purposes are as follows: 1. Solve the problem in the prior art that a large number of drill pipes need to be frequently disassembled and assembled, which is time-consuming, laborious and has low efficiency; 2. Solve the problem of core loss and ensure the continuity and integrity of the sampled core.

[0005] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A core drill for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements, comprising: A plurality of hollow drill pipes, with a through keyway arranged along the length direction inside the hollow drill pipes; A drill bit, having the same inner hole and keyway structure as the drill pipe, and an inner conical surface is provided at the bottom of the inner hole; A core sampler, having a circular disk body, with axial keys arranged circumferentially on the disk body and matching with the keyways, and further having a plurality of cantilevers extending downward. A circumferential cutting tool matching with the inner conical surface of the drill bit is arranged at the lower end of the cantilever. An outer conical surface that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom is arranged on the outer surface of the cantilever, and an anti-back ring is installed on the outer conical surface; Fixing member, which consists of a screw rod and a cover body coaxially fixed at the lower end of the screw rod. Among them, the screw rod is screwed to the central part of the disc body; at least two self-exploding nail shooters are installed in the cover body, and a stop block is provided at the top of the cover body; Winch and lifting rope, which are connected to the core sampler and used for hoisting and lowering the core sampler; Rope shifting rod, which consists of a shifting rod, a rotating shaft and a shifting wheel. The rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the disc body. The shifting rod is located at the upper end of the rotating shaft, and the shifting wheel is located at the lower end of the rotating shaft.

[0006] Preferred improved technical solution: Flange plates and key connection structures are provided at both ends of the hollow drill pipe, and the hollow drill pipes are detachably connected through bolts, flange plates and key connection structures.

[0007] Preferred improved technical solution: The self-exploding nail shooter includes a shell body, and a nail, a primer and gunpowder are arranged in the shell body. Among them, the nail has a firing pin structure for hitting the primer.

[0008] Preferred improved technical solution: A clamping block for clamping the self-exploding nail shooter is arranged in the cover body.

[0009] Preferred improved technical solution: An internal chamfer is provided at the lower part of the cover body.

[0010] Preferred improved technical solution: A clamping joint for connecting the lifting rope is provided at the upper end of the screw rod.

[0011] A continuous core sampling method. Before core sampling, the core sampler is hoisted and placed in the drill bit along the inner hole of the hollow drill pipe through a winch and a lifting rope, so that the cover body sleeves the outside of the core; when the self-exploding nail touches the end face of the core, the self-exploding nail shooter anchors the fixing member on the end face of the core by exploding the nail; during core sampling, the core sampler rotates with the drill bit, and under the action of the screw rod, the core sampler moves downward, and then the circumferential cutting knife moves inward to cut the core through the cooperation with the inner conical surface of the drill bit; at the same time, the anti-backlash ring moves downward; as the core sampler continues to move downward, the shifting wheel is blocked by the stop block and starts to rotate intermittently, so that the shifting rod horizontally shifts the lifting rope to apply an upward pulling force to the core, thereby breaking and taking out the core.

[0012] After implementing the above technical solutions, compared with the background technology, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The present invention is ingeniously designed, and it can automatically realize circumferential cutting, core breaking and core sampling only by the rotation of the drill bit.

[0013] 2. The present invention changes the existing core sampling method of disassembling and assembling the drill pipe while drilling. During the core sampling process, it is not necessary to frequently disassemble and assemble the drill pipe, which saves time and effort and has high efficiency.

[0014] 3. The present invention can realize continuous core sampling. After drilling a certain depth, a section of core can be taken out.

[0015] 4. The core samples taken by the present invention are locked in the core sampler, and there will be no core dropping during the hoisting process.

[0016] 5. The present invention can ensure the continuity and integrity of the sampled core, providing a reliable basis for the elemental distribution characteristics of the primary halo samples. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] FIG. Figure 1 shows a schematic structural view of the hollow drill pipe.

[0018] FIG. Figure 2 shows a schematic structural view of the drill bit.

[0019] FIG. Figure 3 shows a schematic structural view of the core sampler.

[0020] FIG. Figure 4 shows a schematic structural view of the fixing member.

[0021] FIG. Figure 5 shows a schematic structural view of the grooved chuck.

[0022] FIG. Figure 6 shows a schematic structural view of the self-exploding nail gun.

[0023] FIG. Figure 7 shows a schematic structural view of the rope-pulling rod.

[0024] FIG. Figure 8 shows a schematic installation structure view of the rope-pulling rod and the fixing member on the core sampler.

[0025] FIG. Figure 9 shows a schematic structural view of the core sampler inside the drill bit.

[0026] FIG. Figure 10 shows a schematic view of the self-exploding nail gun firing a nail.

[0027] FIG. Figure 11 shows a schematic view of the core sampler cutting the core in a circular shape.

[0028] FIG. Figure 12 shows a schematic sectional structural view of the core sampler.

[0029] FIG. Figure 13 shows a schematic view of the rope-pulling rod rotating with the core sampler.

[0030] FIG. Figure 14 shows a schematic view of the intermittent self-rotation of the rope-pulling rod.

[0031] FIG. Figure 15 shows a schematic view of the rope-pulling rod breaking the core.

[0032] FIG. Figure 16Shown is a partial enlarged structural schematic diagram of the attached Figure 15 .

[0033] The attached Figure 17 shows a schematic diagram of coring. In the attached drawings:

[0034] 1. Hollow drill pipe; 11. Axial keyway; 12. Flange; 13. Radial key; 2. Drill bit; 21. Radial keyway; 22. Inner conical surface; 23. Drill edge; 3. Core sampler; 31. Disk body; 32. Axial key; 33. Cantilever; 34. Circumferential cutter; 35. Outer conical surface; 36. Anti-reverse ring; 4. Fixing part; 41. Screw; 42. Clamping joint; 43. Cover body; 44. Grooved clamping block; 45. Self-exploding nail gun; 451. Shell; 452. Nail; 453. Primer; 454. Gunpowder; 46. Stopper; 5. Rope dialing rod; 51. Dialing rod; 52. Rotating shaft; 53. Dialing wheel; 6. Suspension rope; 7. Core. Specific embodiments

[0035] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the attached drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these preferred embodiments are only used to explain the technical principle of the present invention and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms "front", "rear", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the attached drawings. This is only for the convenience of description and does not indicate or imply that the device or component must have a specific orientation and positional relationship. Therefore, it cannot be understood as a limitation of the present invention. It should also be noted that in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or the communication inside two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0036] A coring drill for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements, which relates to the field of geological exploration and is mainly used to solve the problems of time-consuming, laborious and low efficiency in frequently disassembling and assembling drill pipes in the prior art. This coring drill mainly consists of a hollow drill pipe, a drill bit, a core sampler, a fixing part and a rope dialing rod.

[0037] Referring to the attached Figure 1 , the attachedFigure 1 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a hollow drill pipe. Different from the existing hollow drill pipes, inside the inner hole of the hollow drill pipe 1, a pair of through axial key grooves 11 are arranged along the length direction. Flange plates 12 are provided at both ends of the hollow drill pipe 1. A pair of radial key grooves are provided on one of the flange plates 12, and a pair of radial keys 13 are provided on the flange plate 12 at the other end. The hollow drill pipes 1 are detachably connected through bolts, flange plates 12 and key connection structures, which is convenient for drilling exploration holes.

[0038] Refer to the appendix Figure 2 , the appendix Figure 2 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a drill bit. The lower end of the drill bit 2 has a plurality of alloy drill edges 23. The drill bit 2 has the same inner hole and key groove structure as the hollow drill pipe 1, and an inner conical surface 22 is provided at the bottom of the inner hole. In order to realize the connection with the hollow drill pipe 1, a flange plate and radial key grooves 21 are provided at the upper end of the drill bit 2.

[0039] Refer to the appendix Figure 3 , the appendix Figure 3 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a core sampler. The core sampler 3 has a circular disk body 31. A pair of axial keys 32 that cooperate with the key grooves are provided in the circumferential direction of the disk body 31. Six downward-extending cantilevers 33 are also provided. At the lower end of the cantilevers 33, a circumferential cutting tool 34 that cooperates with the inner conical surface 22 of the drill bit 2 is provided. The space enclosed by the six cantilevers 33 is used to accommodate the core. An outer conical surface 35 that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom is provided on the outer surface of the six cantilevers 33. A retaining ring 36 is installed on the outer conical surface 35. By pressing the six cantilevers 33 inward, the retaining ring 36 can be installed on the outer conical surface 35.

[0040] Refer to the appendix Figure 4 and the appendix Figure 5 , the appendix Figure 4 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a fixing member, the appendix Figure 5 Shown is a schematic structural diagram of a grooved block. The fixing member 4 is composed of a screw 41 and a cover body 43 coaxially fixed at the lower end of the screw 41. Among them, a card joint 42 for connecting the lifting rope 6 is provided at the upper end of the screw 41. A cylindrical stop block 46 is provided at the top of the cover body 43. An inner chamfer is provided at the lower part of the cover body 43. Two self-exploding nail shooters 45 are installed inside the cover body 43. The two self-exploding nail shooters 45 are eccentrically arranged with respect to the screw 41. The function of the self-exploding nail shooter 45 is to anchor the fixing member 4 on the end face of the core 7 by shooting nails through explosion. The function of the cover body 43 is to sleeve the outside of the core 7 to prevent the core 7 from cracking during nailing. In order to facilitate the fixing and replacement of the self-exploding nail shooter 45, a grooved block 44 is provided inside the cover body 43. The self-exploding nail shooter 45 can be fixed inside the grooved block 44 through a bolt-nut connection pair.

[0041] Refer to the appendix Figure 6 , the appendix Figure 6The structural schematic diagram of the self-exploding nail gun is shown. The self-exploding nail gun 45 has a detachable housing 451. Inside the housing 451, a nail 452, a primer 453 and gunpowder 454 are installed. Among them, the nail has a firing pin structure for hitting the primer 453. A part of the nail 452 extends out of the housing 451. When the nail 452 touches an object and retracts, the firing pin strikes the primer 453 to generate an explosion, and the nail 452 can be shot into the core 7 at a very high speed.

[0042] Refer to the appendix Figure 7 , the appendix Figure 7 The structural schematic diagram of the rope-pulling rod is shown. The rope-pulling rod 5 is composed of a rod 51, a rotating shaft 52 and a pulley 53. Among them, the rod 51 is located at the upper end of the rotating shaft 52, and the pulley 53 is located at the lower end of the rotating shaft 52. The pulley 53 has six grooves.

[0043] Refer to the appendix Figure 8 , the appendix Figure 8 The structural schematic diagram of the installation of the rope-pulling rod and the fixing part on the core sampler is shown. As can be seen from the appendix Figure 8 , the screw 41 of the fixing part 4 is screwed at the central part of the disc body 31, and the cover body 43 is located inside the core sampler 3. The rotating shaft 52 of the rope-pulling rod 5 is rotatably installed on the disc body 31. The rod 51 is located above the disc body 31, and the pulley 53 is located between the disc body 31 and the cover body 43.

[0044] Refer to the appendix Figure 9 , the appendix Figure 9 The structural schematic diagram of the core sampler inside the drill bit is shown. Since the hollow drill pipe 1 and the drill bit 2 have inner holes and axial key grooves, and the core sampler 3 has an axial key 32, the core sampler 3 can enter the drill bit 2 along the inner hole of the hollow drill pipe 1 and rotate together with the hollow drill pipe 1 and the drill bit 2.

[0045] In order to explain in detail the usage method and working principle of the core drill, the present invention also provides a continuous sampling method.

[0046] Refer to the appendix Figure 10 . First, start the drill to drill to a certain depth, then stop the machine. Through the winch and the lifting rope 6 (steel wire rope), the core sampler 3 is lowered along the inner hole of the hollow drill pipe 1 into the drill bit 2, so that the cover body 43 covers the upper part of the core 7 to hoop the core 7, preventing the core 7 from cracking during nail shooting. (Even if the core 7 cracks and the nail 452 may be pulled out, due to the aggregating effect of the cover body 43 on the cracked core 7, the fixing part 4 can still obtain a large anti-torsion moment through the nail 452). When the self-exploding nail 452 touches the end face of the core 7, the self-exploding nail gun 45 anchors the fixing part 4 on the end face of the core 7 through the exploding nail, so that the fixing part 4 will not rotate with the rotation of the core sampler 3.

[0047] After the ground staff hears the explosion sound, stop the winch from paying out the rope and apply the brake to lock the rope. By attaching Figure 10 It can be seen that at this time, the circumferential cutting tool 34 is still at a certain distance from the inner conical surface 22 of the drill bit 2. To verify the fixing situation, the ground staff can pull up the lifting rope 6 to feel the fixing effect. If it is unreliable, the core sampler 3 can be pulled out to replace the self-exploding nail gun 45, and then nail it again for fixation.

[0048] Refer to the attachment Figure 11 . Start the drill to rotate the drill bit 2 in place. Due to the key connection structure, the core sampler 3 rotates with the drill bit 2, while the screw 41 does not rotate with the rotation of the core sampler 3. Therefore, the core sampler 3 moves downward under the action of the screw 41, and then the circumferential cutting tool 34 moves inward through the cooperation with the inner conical surface 22 of the drill bit to cut the core 7 circumferentially. At the same time, as the cantilever 33 deforms inward, the anti-retreat ring 36 moves downward under its own gravity. The function of the anti-retreat ring 36 is to make the cantilever 33 only deform inward, thereby forming a closing structure, which can prevent the core 7 from falling out of the core sampler 3 after the core is broken.

[0049] It should be noted that the diameter of the core 7 is relatively large. It is impossible to cut off the core 7 only by relying on the circumferential cutting tool 34. It is also necessary to rely on an external force to break the core 7 from the circumferential cutting position.

[0050] Refer to the attachment Figure 12 and the attachment Figure 13 . From the attachment Figure 12 and the attachment Figure 13 It can be seen that when the dial wheel 53 does not contact the stop block 46 on the cover body 43, the rope-pulling rod 5 rotates counterclockwise with the core sampler 3, and the rope-pulling rod 5 itself does not rotate.

[0051] Refer to the attachment Figure 14 . As the core sampler 3 continues to move downward, the dial wheel 53 begins to touch the stop block 46 and starts to rotate counterclockwise intermittently under the block of the stop block 46. For each revolution of the core sampler 3, the dial wheel 53 rotates by the angle of one dial groove (about 60°) under the block of the stop block 46. During this process, the lever 51 gradually approaches the lifting rope 6.

[0052] Refer to the attachment Figure 15 and the attachment Figure 16. As the core drill 3 continues to move downward, the lever 51 moves the suspension rope 6 laterally, pulling the suspension rope 6 into a broken line shape. At this time, the rotational power of the drill bit 2 is partially converted into a pulling force applied to the suspension rope 6. Since the upper end of the suspension rope 6 is locked by the winch, the lever 51 can move the suspension rope 6 laterally to generate an upward pulling force on the fixing member 4 and the core drill 3. The pulling force on the fixing member 4 directly acts on the top of the lower core 7, and the pulling force on the core drill 3 acts on the ring cutting part of the core 7 through the ring cutting knife 34, thereby breaking the core 7 from the ring cutting part. Since the lever 51 moves the suspension rope 6 laterally to cause the suspension rope 6 to shake, the ground staff can know that the core 7 has been broken by observing the shaking of the suspension rope 6. Experiments have shown that when the lever 51 is close to the suspension rope 6, the thumbwheel 53 only needs to rotate 20-30° to break the core 7.

[0053] See attached Figure 17 The drilling machine is turned off and the winch is turned on to lift the corer 3 and the rock core 7 in the corer from the drill bit 2 and the hollow drill rod 1. Since the stop ring 36 has a closing effect on the cantilever 33, the rock core 7 will not fall out of the corer 3 during the lifting process.

[0054] After the corer 3 is lifted out, the drilling rig is turned on to drill to a certain depth. While drilling, the stop ring 36 is moved upward to completely take out the core 7 from the corer 3, and then the bolts on the slotted block 44 are loosened and replaced with a new self-explosive nailer 45. When the drilling rig drills to a certain depth, the corer 3 is lifted again in the drill bit 2 to take the core.

[0055] Repeat the above operation to achieve continuous coring.

[0056] It should also be noted that the purpose of setting the rope lever 5 is twofold: first, to make the suspension rope 6 generate a shaking signal to remind the ground staff that the core 7 has been broken, and to immediately stop the machine and remove the core drill 3; second, to apply only an upward pulling force to the core 7 by pulling the suspension rope 6, thereby breaking the core 7. Experiments have shown that if the rope lever 5 is not provided, when the core drill 3 descends to the end of the screw 41 and is screwed together with the fixing member 4, the drill bit 2 applies a rotational torque to the core 7 through the fixing member 4, which will also break the core 7. However, due to the violent impact, the core 7 will be broken into multiple sections, affecting the sampling effect; second, the fracture position may not be at the ring cutting position, resulting in the inability to remove the core drill 3. More seriously, the nail shooting position is prone to comminuted fracture, resulting in coring failure.

[0057] It is worth noting that the contents not described in detail in the above embodiments are prior art. It is also worth noting that for those skilled in the art, any addition, subtraction, replacement and improvement made under the structure and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A core drill for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements, characterized in that, Comprising: Multiple hollow drill pipes, with through keyways provided along the length direction inside the hollow drill pipes; A drill bit, having the same inner hole and keyway structure as the drill pipe, with an inner conical surface provided at the bottom of the inner hole; A core sampler, having a circular disk body, with axial keys provided circumferentially on the disk body for mating with the keyways, and also having multiple downwardly extending cantilevers, with a circumferential cutting tool provided at the lower end of the cantilevers for mating with the inner conical surface of the drill bit, with an outer conical surface that is smaller at the top and larger at the bottom provided on the outer surface of the cantilevers, and an anti-backlash ring installed on the outer conical surface; A fixing member, composed of a screw rod and a cover body coaxially fixed at the lower end of the screw rod, wherein the screw rod is screwed to the central part of the disk body; at least two self-exploding nail guns are installed inside the cover body, and a stop block is provided at the top of the cover body; A winch and a lifting rope, connected to the core sampler for hoisting and lowering the core sampler; A rope deflecting rod, composed of a deflecting rod, a rotating shaft, and a deflecting wheel, wherein the rotating shaft is rotatably installed on the disk body, the deflecting rod is located at the upper end of the rotating shaft, and the deflecting wheel is located at the lower end of the rotating shaft.

2. The core drill for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements according to claim 1, characterized in that, Flange plates and key connection structures are provided at both ends of the hollow drill pipes, and the hollow drill pipes are detachably connected through bolts, flange plates, and key connection structures.

3. A core drill for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The self-exploding nail gun includes a housing, with a nail, a primer, and gunpowder provided inside the housing, wherein the nail has a firing pin structure for striking the primer.

4. A core drill for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements according to claim 1, characterized in that, A clamping block for clamping the self-exploding nail gun is provided inside the cover body.

5. A core drill for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, An inner chamfer is provided at the lower part of the cover body.

6. A core drill for obtaining the distribution characteristics of primary halo elements as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A clamping joint for connecting the lifting rope is provided at the upper end of the screw rod.

7. A continuous core sampling method applied to the core drill as described in any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that, Before core sampling, the core sampler is hoisted and placed inside the drill bit along the inner hole of the hollow drill pipe through the winch and the lifting rope, so that the cover body sleeves outside the core; when the self-exploding nail touches the end face of the core, the self-exploding nail gun anchors the fixing member on the end face of the core by exploding the nail; during core sampling, the core sampler rotates with the drill bit, and under the action of the screw rod, the core sampler moves downward, and then the circumferential cutting tool moves inward to cut the core through the cooperation with the inner conical surface of the drill bit; at the same time, the anti-backlash ring moves downward; as the core sampler continues to move downward, the deflecting wheel is blocked by the stop block and starts to rotate intermittently, so that the deflecting rod laterally deflects the lifting rope to apply an upward pulling force to the core, thereby pulling the core out by breaking it.

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