Variable loading force exciter device based on automobile side column collision test

Abstract

The invention provides a variable loading force exciter device based on an automobile side column collision test, and the device comprises an impact rod which passes through a moving plug and is disposed in a cylinder body, and one end of the impact rod is detachably connected with a brake mechanism. The brake knife mechanism is movably connected with a servo brake mechanism used for braking the brake knife mechanism and the impact rod through friction, the servo brake mechanism is movably connected with a driving mechanism on the axial side of the brake knife mechanism, and power is provided for the servo brake mechanism, so that the servo brake mechanism clamps the brake knife mechanism with variable loading force. By adopting the technical scheme, any acceleration waveform can be simulated, the repeatability is good, and the simulation precision is high; the device is suitable for impact tests related to other environmental mechanics, such as half-sine and constant-force propulsion tests; the device is compact in structure, small in occupied area, safe, reliable, low in cost and convenient to popularize; compared with impact tests through a pendulum bob and the like, straight rod type front impact is adopted, energy transmission is more efficient, the direction is concentrated, and energy loss is small.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of automotive side pillar collision test equipment, and particularly relates to a variable loading force actuator device based on automotive side pillar collision tests. Background Art

[0002] Automotive side impact tests are the core test means for evaluating the side collision safety of vehicles, and verify the body structure strength and occupant protection performance by simulating collision scenarios. In recent years, domestic and foreign regulations (such as the 2022 Chinese national standard GB 20071 and the 2023 Euro NCAP standard) have been continuously upgraded, driving a surge in the demand for test devices. Although real vehicle side impacts are directly effective, they are costly and time-consuming, and it is difficult to meet the requirements for multiple rounds of verification of the side body structure. The side pillar collision test device based on a trolley realizes low-cost and high-precision simulation by accurately reproducing the door intrusion speed and seat movement, and has become an important alternative solution for safety development. However, the domestic core loader device has long relied on imports, with excessively high costs and long supply cycles, restricting the independent development of technology. At present, it is urgent to break through key technologies such as multi-round verification adaptability, variable loading force precise control, and device cost optimization to support the iteration of automotive safety technology and industrial upgrading, and provide technical support for building a powerful automotive country. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the deficiencies in the above technologies and propose a variable loading force actuator device based on automotive side pillar collision tests, aiming to solve the problems of difficult accurate control of the loading force and high cost of repeated tests.

[0004] The present invention provides a variable loading force actuator device based on automotive side pillar collision tests, including a sealed cylinder and a moving plug arranged inside it. An impact rod serving as an impact output member is arranged along the length direction inside the sealed cylinder. The impact rod passes through the center of the moving plug, and both ends of the impact rod pass outside the sealed cylinder. A brake knife mechanism is detachably connected to the non-impact end of the impact rod. The brake knife mechanism is movably connected to a servo brake mechanism for braking the brake knife mechanism and the impact rod through friction. The servo brake mechanism is movably connected to a driving mechanism on the side of the axial direction of the brake knife mechanism. The driving mechanism provides power for the servo brake mechanism and pushes the servo brake mechanism to move and squeeze from the side of the axial direction of the brake knife mechanism towards the brake knife mechanism, so that the servo brake mechanism clamps the brake knife mechanism with a variable loading force.

[0005] Preferably, the sealed cylinder includes a cylinder body and cylinder heads fixedly connected to both ends of the cylinder body. The moving plug divides the cylinder body into a buffer chamber and a propulsion chamber. The buffer chamber is on the side close to the impact end of the impact rod, and the propulsion chamber is on the side close to the non-impact end of the impact rod. The cylinder heads are both provided with communication holes for accessing a high-pressure air source and supplying air to the buffer chamber or the propulsion chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the brake knife mechanism includes a plurality of brake knives. The cylinder block is fixedly connected with a connecting cylinder. A pull rod is arranged in the connecting cylinder. The pull rod is fixedly connected with the non-impact end of the impact rod. The other end of the pull rod is fixedly connected with a connecting seat. The connecting seat is provided with a plurality of connecting grooves. The brake knives are respectively inserted into the connecting grooves and fixed by pin shafts.

[0007] Preferably, the servo brake mechanism includes a brake seat. A first inner cavity is arranged in the brake seat. A plurality of brake components are installed in the first inner cavity. There is a braking gap between the brake components. The brake knife extends into the brake seat and is located in the braking gap, and the brake knife extends outside the first inner cavity.

[0008] The brake component includes a substrate and a friction plate fixedly connected to the plate surface of the substrate. The substrate is detachably connected to the bottom plate. The bottom plate is detachably connected to the inside of the first inner cavity. The brake knife is inserted between the friction plates. The substrate adjacent to the edge of the first inner cavity is fixedly connected with the friction plate only on one side. The substrate located in the non-edge area of the first inner cavity is fixedly connected with the friction plate on both sides.

[0009] A limiting plate for restricting the swing of the brake knife is fixedly connected to one side of the brake seat away from the pull rod. The end of the brake knife passing through the brake seat and the limiting plate is supported by a roller. The roller is rotatably connected to the plate surface of the limiting plate. The limiting plate is also fixedly connected with a protective cover. The end of the brake knife is located inside the protective cover.

[0010] Preferably, the driving mechanism includes a hydraulic cylinder assembly, an electro-hydraulic servo valve and a manifold block. The main valve of the electro-hydraulic servo valve is communicated with the manifold block. The bottom of the manifold block is communicated with the top end of the hydraulic cylinder assembly. The two sides of the manifold block are respectively communicated with an oil inlet accumulator and an oil outlet accumulator. The electro-hydraulic servo valve is provided with an interface communicated with a hydraulic source.

[0011] A second inner cavity is arranged in the brake seat. The hydraulic cylinder assembly includes a servo cylinder seat fixed in the second inner cavity. An integral piston is slidably arranged in the servo cylinder seat. An end cover is fixedly connected to the end of the servo cylinder seat. A limiting frame is arranged on the rod part of the integral piston. The rod part of the integral piston is movably abutted against the substrate.

[0012] A piston sealing ring is nested around the piston part of the integral piston. A rod sealing ring for sealing the rod part of the integral piston rod is embedded in the end cover. An end cover sealing ring is embedded at the connection part between the end cover and the servo cylinder seat. A rod guiding ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end cover. The rod guiding ring fits with the rod part of the integral piston.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, it has the following beneficial effects:

[0014] The present invention provides a variable loading force actuator device based on an automotive side pillar collision test, which includes an impact rod disposed through a moving plug and within a cylinder block. One end of the impact rod is detachably connected to a braking mechanism. The braking blade mechanism is movably connected to a servo braking mechanism for braking the braking blade mechanism and the impact rod through friction. The servo braking mechanism is movably connected to a driving mechanism on the axial side of the braking blade mechanism to provide power for the servo braking mechanism, so that the servo braking mechanism clamps the braking blade mechanism with a variable loading force. With the above technical solution,

[0015] 1. The impact force is variable and the simulation accuracy is high;

[0016] 2. It is applicable to other environmental mechanics related impact tests, such as half-sine, constant force propulsion and other tests;

[0017] 3. The structure is compact, the floor area is small, it is safe and reliable, the cost is low, and it is convenient for popularization;

[0018] 4. Adopting a straight rod type frontal impact, compared with impact tests through pendulums, etc., the energy transfer is more efficient, the direction is concentrated, and the energy loss is small. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a variable loading force actuator device based on an automotive side pillar collision test of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of a variable loading force actuator device based on an automotive side pillar collision test of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 It is a top view of a variable loading force actuator device based on an automotive side pillar collision test of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the braking blade mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the servo braking mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the braking assembly of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the driving mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the brake seat of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the hydraulic cylinder assembly of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the idler roller of the present invention.

[0030] In the figure, 1 - sealing cylinder; 11 - moving plug; 12 - impact rod; 13 - cylinder head; 111 - cylinder body; 131 - communication hole; 14 - buffer chamber; 15 - propulsion chamber; 2 - brake knife mechanism; 21 - brake knife; 22 - connecting cylinder; 23 - pull rod; 24 - connecting seat; 25 - connecting groove; 26 - pin shaft; 3 - servo brake mechanism; 31 - brake assembly; 311 - base plate; 312 - friction plate; 313 - bottom plate; 32 - brake seat; 33 - first inner cavity; 34 - second inner cavity; 35 - limiting plate; 36 - idler roller; 37 - protective cover; 4 - driving mechanism; 41 - hydraulic cylinder assembly; 411 - servo cylinder seat; 412 - integrated piston; 413 - end cover; 414 - limiting frame; 415 - piston sealing ring; 416 - rod sealing ring; 417 - end cover sealing ring; 418 - rod guiding ring; 42 - electro - hydraulic servo valve; 43 - oil distribution block; 44 - inlet oil accumulator; 45 - outlet oil accumulator; 46 - interface. Detailed implementation mode

[0031] In order to more easily understand the structure of the present invention and the functional features and advantages that can be achieved, the following will describe the preferred embodiments of the present invention in detail in conjunction with the drawings as follows:

[0032] Embodiment:

[0033] As Figures 1 to 10 shown, the present invention provides a variable loading force actuator device based on the automotive side - pillar collision test, including a sealing cylinder 1 and a moving plug 11 arranged inside it. An impact rod 12 serving as an impact output member is arranged along the length direction inside the sealing cylinder 1. The impact rod 12 passes through the center of the moving plug 11, and both ends of the impact rod 12 penetrate and extend out of the sealing cylinder 1. A brake knife mechanism 2 is detachably connected to the non - impact end of the impact rod 12. The brake knife mechanism 2 is movably connected to a servo brake mechanism 3 for braking the brake knife mechanism 2 and the impact rod 12 through friction. The servo brake mechanism 3 is movably connected to a driving mechanism 4 on the axial side of the brake knife mechanism 2 to provide power for the servo brake mechanism 3 so that the servo brake mechanism 3 can clamp the brake knife mechanism 2 with a variable loading force.

[0034] The sealed cylinder 1 includes a cylinder block and cylinder heads 13 fixedly connected to both ends of the cylinder block 111. The moving plug 11 divides the cylinder block 111 into a buffer chamber 14 and a propulsion chamber 15. Among them, the buffer chamber 14 is located on the side close to the impact end of the impact rod 12, and the propulsion chamber 15 is located on the side close to the non-impact end of the impact rod 12. Both ends of the impact rod 12 pass through the corresponding cylinder heads 13 and extend out of the sealed cylinder 1. Communication holes 131 for accessing a high-pressure gas source and supplying gas to the buffer chamber 14 or the propulsion chamber 15 are provided on the cylinder heads 13. The brake knife mechanism 2 includes a plurality of brake knives 21. A connecting cylinder 22 is fixedly connected to the cylinder block 111. A pull rod 23 is arranged inside the connecting cylinder 22. The pull rod 23 is fixedly connected to the non-impact end of the impact rod 12. The other end of the pull rod 23 is fixedly connected to a connecting seat 24. A plurality of connecting grooves 25 are provided at one end of the connecting seat 24 away from the pull rod 23. The brake knives 21 are respectively inserted into the connecting grooves 25 and fixed by a pin shaft 26. A communication hole 131 is provided at the cylinder head 13. One end of the communication hole 131 is connected to a high-pressure gas source during use, and the other end communicates with the inside of the sealed cylinder 1, enabling the high-pressure gas source to enter the sealed cylinder 1. There is also a hole for placing a pressure sensor. There are two options for the setting of this hole. It can be a threaded blind hole opened on the side of the cylinder head 3 close to the inside of the sealed cylinder 1. At this time, the sensor can be screwed into the hole through the thread. The blind hole can also be a smooth blind hole. When the sensor is placed, an O-ring or gasket is used to pad and press it tightly. Or this hole is a through hole. At this time, when the sensor is placed in the hole, the end of the through hole located outside the sealed cylinder 1 needs to be sealed. This solution chooses to open a blind hole. The impact rod 12 passes through the central parts of the cylinder head 13 and the moving plug 11. The centers of the connecting cylinder 22 and the pull rod 23 are both coaxial with the impact rod 12. The pin shaft 26 passes through the connecting seat 24, the brake knife 21, and the connecting groove 25. The brake knives 21 of this application are set to three pieces, and the number of brake knives 21 can also be adjusted according to actual situations. The three brake knives 21 have a displacement space of 1-3 mm in the left-right direction to ensure that the left-right positions of the three brake knives 21 are adaptively adjusted during brake locking and brake release.

[0035] The cylinder block 111, the moving plug 11, and the impact rod 12 form a complete piston device. The moving plug 11 divides the inside of the cylinder block 111 into a buffer chamber 14 and a propulsion chamber 15. The cylinder head 13 is provided with a communication hole 131. During use, a high-pressure gas source is filled into the propulsion chamber 15 from the communication hole 131. The high-pressure air in the propulsion chamber 15 drives the moving plug 11 and the impact rod 12 to move in the impact direction. Then, the moving plug 11 drives the pull rod 23 and further drives the brake knife 21 to move in the impact direction. The driving mechanism 4 drives the servo brake mechanism 3 to press the brake knife mechanism 2 to generate friction, thereby controlling the impact force. After the test is completed, after the driving mechanism 4 releases pressure, the buffer chamber 14 is filled with gas at an appropriate pressure, which can reset the moving plug 11.

[0036] As another embodiment, such as Figures 3 to 6 and Figure 10As shown in the figure, the servo braking mechanism 3 of the present application includes a brake seat 32. A first inner cavity 33 is provided in the brake seat 32. A number of brake assemblies 31 are installed in the first inner cavity 33. There is a braking gap between the brake assemblies 31. The brake blade 21 extends into the brake seat 32 and is located in the braking gap, and the brake blade 21 extends outside the first inner cavity 33.

[0037] The brake assembly 31 includes a base plate 311 and a friction plate 312 fixedly connected to the plate surface of the base plate 311. The base plate 311 is detachably connected to the bottom plate 313. The bottom plate 313 is detachably connected to the inside of the first inner cavity 33. The brake blade 21 is inserted between the friction plates 312. Only the side surface of the base plate 311 adjacent to the edge of the first inner cavity 33 facing the adjacent base plate 311 is fixedly connected with a friction plate 312. The base plate 311 located in the non-edge area of the first inner cavity 33 is fixedly connected with friction plates 312 on both sides. Near the wall of the first inner cavity 33, there is a single-sided friction plate 312, and in the middle, there are double-sided friction plates 312. The gap formed by two single-sided friction plates 312 and two double-sided friction plates 312 is inserted with the brake blade 21. The base plate 311 and the friction plate 312 are processed as a whole and installed in the reserved groove of the base plate 311 through screws, and the side of the groove bears the lateral force. The bottom plate 313 is fixed inside the first inner cavity 33 through screws. The friction plate 312 is made of a ceramic matrix composite material, which has excellent properties of high temperature resistance and friction resistance, and can maintain the stability of the braking system. There is a 1mm gap between the brake blade 21 and the friction plate 312, which is convenient for the left and right position adaptive adjustment of the brake blade 21 when the brake is locked and released.

[0038] A limiting plate 35 for restricting the swing of the brake blade 21 is fixedly connected to the side of the brake seat 32 away from the pull rod 23. The end of the brake blade 21 passing through the brake seat 32 and the limiting plate 35 in sequence is supported by a roller 36. The brake blade 21 passes through the two side walls of the brake seat 32. After the brake blade 21 passes through the side wall of the brake seat 32 close to the brake blade 21, it passes through the gap between it and the friction plate 312, and then passes through the other side wall of the brake seat 32 again. These two side walls correspond, and the limiting plate 35 is arranged on the side where the brake blade 21 passes through the brake seat 32 for the second time. The roller 36 is rotatably connected to the plate surface of the limiting plate 35. The limiting plate 35 is also fixedly connected with a protective cover 37. The end of the brake blade 21 is located inside the protective cover 37. During use, the brake seat 32 is fixed on the base. The limiting plate 35 and the roller 36 limit the brake blade 21 to remain stable when it extends outside the brake seat 32. The roller 36 is fixed on the limiting plate 35 through a shaft seat with screws, and a rotating roller 36 is sleeved on the shaft of the shaft seat. The protective cover 37 is fixed on the limiting plate 35 through screws, and the length of the protective cover 37 is sufficient for the space occupied after the brake blade 21 is reset.

[0039] As another embodiment, as Figures 7 to 9As shown in the figure, the drive mechanism 4 of the present application includes a hydraulic cylinder assembly 41, an electro-hydraulic servo valve 42, and a manifold block 43. The main valve of the electro-hydraulic servo valve 42 is communicated with the manifold block 43. The bottom of the manifold block 43 is communicated with the top end of the hydraulic cylinder assembly 41. The two sides of the manifold block 43 are respectively communicated with an inlet accumulator 44 and an outlet accumulator 45. The electro-hydraulic servo valve 42 is provided with an interface 46 communicated with a hydraulic source. The hydraulic cylinder assembly 41 serves as an output end to push the substrate 311 to press the friction plate 312 and the brake blade 21. Here, the hydraulic cylinder assembly 41 is located on the side of the substrate 311 and the brake blade 21. When the hydraulic cylinder assembly 41 is subjected to pressure, it moves towards the side of the substrate 311 and the brake blade 21, gradually pressing against the substrate 311. The friction plate 312 on the substrate 311 gradually reduces the gap with the brake blade 21, so as to gradually increase the friction. The electro-hydraulic servo valve 42 is used to receive control signals and adjust the flow rate and direction of hydraulic oil. The manifold block 43 is used to distribute the oil circuit, communicate the hydraulic cylinder assembly 41, the servo valve 42, the outlet accumulator 45, and the inlet accumulator 44. The inlet accumulator 44 stores high-pressure oil, and the outlet accumulator 45 recovers low-pressure return oil. The interface 46 is communicated with a hydraulic pump station. Both the outlet accumulator 45 and the inlet accumulator 44 are fixed on a fixing frame, and the fixing frame is fixed on the brake seat 32.

[0040] A second inner cavity 34 is formed in the brake seat 32. The hydraulic cylinder assembly 41 includes a servo cylinder seat 411 fixed in the second inner cavity 34. An integral piston 412 is slidably arranged in the servo cylinder seat 411. An end cover 413 is fixedly connected to the end of the servo cylinder seat 411. A limit frame 414 is arranged on the rod portion of the integral piston 412. The rod portion of the integral piston 412 is movably abutted against the substrate 311. The integral piston 412, that is, the piston rod and the piston, are fixedly connected. The servo cylinder seat 411 is fixed on the inner wall of the second inner cavity 34 by bolts. Oil passage channels and pressure measurement channels are respectively designed in the front chamber and the rear chamber of the servo cylinder seat 411. A pressure sensor is arranged in the pressure measurement channel. The front chamber is located on the side close to the substrate 311. During use, a hydraulic pump station is connected, and high-pressure oil is input to the electro-hydraulic servo valve 42. The inlet accumulator 44 stores initial pressure oil, and the outlet accumulator 45 pre-stores a return oil buffer space. The control system sends an instruction voltage signal to the electro-hydraulic servo valve 42. The main spool of the servo valve 42 offsets according to the signal to control the flow direction of high-pressure oil to the manifold block 43. When the hydraulic cylinder 41 needs to extend, the electro-hydraulic servo valve 42 outputs high-pressure oil to the manifold block 43. The high-pressure oil enters the upper chamber of the servo cylinder seat 411 through the bottom of the manifold block 43, pushing the integral piston 412 to extend. The rod portion of the integral piston 412 abuts against the side of the substrate 311. The friction plate 312 on the substrate 311 presses the brake blade 21, increasing the friction and reducing the impact force of the impact rod 12.

[0041] A piston sealing ring 415 is nested around the periphery of the piston part of the integrated piston 412. A rod sealing ring 416 for sealing the rod part of the integrated piston 412 is embedded in the end cover 413. An end cover sealing ring 417 is embedded at the connection part between the end cover 413 and the servo cylinder base 411. A rod guiding ring 418 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end cover 413, and the rod guiding ring 418 fits against the rod part of the integrated piston 412. The above-mentioned sealing rings are all made of rubber material to ensure the sealing inside the servo cylinder base 411. The rod guiding ring 418 prevents the rod part of the integrated piston 412 from deviating from its axial swing.

[0042] As another embodiment, as Figure 4 and Figure 5 shown, when the present application is actually used, it also includes a hydraulic source, a high-pressure gas source, a measurement and control system, etc. The front end of the actuator device is fixed to the test bed through two actuator mounting plates. The hydraulic source provides braking power for the brake knife 21, and the high-pressure gas source provides propulsion, buffering, and resetting power for the moving plug 11 and the impact rod 12. The measurement and control system is used to control the valve actions of the hydraulic source and the high-pressure gas source, and mainly completes the action control of the actuator device, the acquisition and processing of status signals, the pressure signals of the propulsion chamber 15 and the buffer chamber 14, the pressure signals of the front and rear chambers of the servo hydraulic cylinder 41, the pressure signal of the hydraulic source, the pressure signal of the high-pressure gas source, and the acceleration signal.

[0043] The working principle of a variable loading force actuator device based on an automotive side pillar collision test in the present application: Before the experiment, the test piece needs to be installed at the test position, and the door panel structure is installed on the door installation structure and fixed reliably. According to the test conditions, the test requirement loading force curve is loaded into the measurement and control system. The maximum thrust value and the required propulsion air pressure are calculated through the measurement and control system software, and then the braking force loading curve and the maximum hydraulic pressure are calculated. According to the calculation results, the braking force loading curve is imported, and the air pressure values of the propulsion chamber 15 and the buffer chamber 14 and the hydraulic pressure value are input. Then, the high-pressure gas source and the hydraulic source are started. The oil pressures in the front and rear chambers of the servo cylinder base 411 are controlled by the electro-hydraulic servo valve 42 to the required pressures, so that the driving mechanism 4 locks the brake knife mechanism 2, and then the propulsion chamber 15 and the buffer chamber 14 of the sealing cylinder 1 are inflated to the required pressures. When the detected data on the measurement and control software interface matches the set data, the system pops up a confirmation test dialog box. After the operator confirms, the loader device runs automatically, and the system continuously issues instructions according to the braking force loading curve, so that the driving mechanism 4 outputs a braking force corresponding to the change of the braking force loading curve. At this time, the propulsion force and the buffering force in the sealing cylinder 1 change linearly, and the impact rod 12 will output a changing loading force according to the requirements of the loading force curve and push the door installation structure and the door panel structure forward to invade the test piece at a specified angle, changing speed, and displacement. The actual motion parameters of the impact rod 12 are measured in real time by the acceleration sensor installed at its front end and analyzed by the measurement and control software, and then the acceleration-time curve, velocity-time curve, and displacement-time curve are displayed on the interface.

[0044] After the intrusion ends, the measurement and control system automatically issues an instruction to relieve the pressure of the propulsion chamber 15 of the sealing cylinder 1. When the pressure of the propulsion chamber 15 is zero, the system controls the pressure relief of the front chamber of the servo cylinder seat 411 through the electro-hydraulic servo valve 42, and the integral piston 412 releases the brake knife 21. The system automatically issues an instruction to inflate the buffer chamber 14 of the sealing cylinder 1, and pushes the moving plug 11 to move to the initial position.

[0045] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not impose any form of limitation on the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make many possible changes and modifications to the technical solution of the present invention by using the above technical content within the scope of the technical solution of the present invention, or modify it into an equivalent embodiment with equivalent changes. Therefore, any changes, modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technology of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention all fall within the protection scope of this technical solution.

Claims

1. A variable loading force actuator device based on an automotive side pillar collision test, characterized in that It includes a sealed cylinder (1) and a movable plug (11) arranged inside it. An impact rod (12) serving as an impact output member is arranged along the length direction inside the sealed cylinder (1). The impact rod (12) passes through the center of the movable plug (11), and both ends of the impact rod (12) extend outside the sealed cylinder (1). A brake knife mechanism (2) is detachably connected to the non-impact end of the impact rod (12). The brake knife mechanism (2) is movably connected to a servo brake mechanism (3) for braking the brake knife mechanism (2) and the impact rod (12) through friction. The servo brake mechanism (3) is movably connected to a driving mechanism (4) on the side of the axial direction of the brake knife mechanism (2). The driving mechanism (4) provides power for the servo brake mechanism (3) and pushes the servo brake mechanism (3) to move and squeeze from the side of the axial direction of the brake knife mechanism (2) towards the brake knife mechanism (2), so that the servo brake mechanism (3) clamps the brake knife mechanism (2) with a variable loading force.

2. The variable loading force actuator device based on the vehicle side pillar collision test according to claim 1, characterized in that The sealed cylinder (1) includes a cylinder body (111) and cylinder heads (13) fixedly connected to both ends of the cylinder body (111). The movable plug (11) divides the cylinder body (111) into a buffer chamber (14) and a propulsion chamber (15). Among them, the buffer chamber (14) is on the side close to the impact end of the impact rod (12), and the propulsion chamber (15) is on the side close to the non-impact end of the impact rod (12). The cylinder heads (13) are both provided with communication holes (131) for accessing a high-pressure gas source and supplying gas to the buffer chamber (14) or the propulsion chamber (15).

3. The variable loading force actuator device based on the automotive side pillar collision test according to claim 2, wherein The brake knife mechanism (2) includes a plurality of brake knives (21). A connecting cylinder (22) is fixedly connected to the cylinder body (111). A pull rod (23) is arranged inside the connecting cylinder (22). The pull rod (23) is fixedly connected to the non-impact end of the impact rod (12). The other end of the pull rod (23) is fixedly connected to a connecting seat (24). The connecting seat (24) is provided with a plurality of connecting grooves (25). The brake knives (21) are respectively inserted into the connecting grooves (25) and fixed by pins (26).

4. The variable loading force actuator device based on the automobile side pillar collision test according to claim 3, wherein, The servo brake mechanism (3) includes a brake seat (32). A first inner cavity (33) is arranged inside the brake seat (32). A plurality of brake components (31) are installed inside the first inner cavity (33). There is a braking gap between the brake components (31). The brake knife (21) extends into the brake seat (32) and is located in the braking gap, and the brake knife (21) extends outside the first inner cavity (33).

5. The variable loading force actuator device based on the vehicle side pillar collision test according to claim 4, characterized in that, The brake assembly (31) includes a base plate (311) and a friction plate (312) fixedly connected to the surface of the base plate (311). The base plate (311) is detachably connected to a bottom plate (313), and the bottom plate (313) is detachably connected to the first inner cavity (33). The brake blade (21) is inserted between the friction plates (312). The base plate (311) adjacent to the edge of the first inner cavity (33) fixedly connects the friction plate (312) only to the side facing the adjacent base plate (311), and the base plate (311) located in the non-edge area of the first inner cavity (33) is fixedly connected with the friction plate (312) on both sides.

6. The variable loading force actuator device based on the vehicle side pillar collision test according to claim 5, wherein, The driving mechanism (4) includes a hydraulic cylinder assembly (41), an electro-hydraulic servo valve (42), and an oil distribution block (43). The main valve of the electro-hydraulic servo valve (42) is communicated with the oil distribution block (43). The bottom of the oil distribution block (43) is communicated with the top end of the hydraulic cylinder assembly (41). The two sides of the oil distribution block (43) are respectively communicated with an oil inlet accumulator (44) and an oil outlet accumulator (45). The electro-hydraulic servo valve (42) is provided with an interface (46) communicated with a hydraulic source.

7. The variable loading force actuator device based on the vehicle side pillar collision test according to claim 6, wherein A second inner cavity (34) is formed in the brake seat (32). The hydraulic cylinder assembly (41) includes a servo cylinder seat (411) fixed in the second inner cavity (34). An integral piston (412) is slidably arranged in the servo cylinder seat (411). An end cover (413) is fixedly connected to the end of the servo cylinder seat (411). A limiting frame (414) is arranged on the rod portion of the integral piston (412), and the rod portion of the integral piston (412) is in movable contact with the base plate (311).

8. The variable loading force actuator device based on the automobile side pillar collision test according to claim 7, characterized in that, A piston seal ring (415) is nested around the piston portion of the integral piston (412). A rod seal ring (416) for sealing the rod portion of the integral piston (412) is embedded in the end cover (413). An end cover seal ring (417) is embedded at the connection portion of the end cover (413) and the servo cylinder seat (411). A rod guide ring (418) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the end cover (413), and the rod guide ring (418) is in contact with the rod portion of the integral piston (412).

9. The variable loading force actuator device based on the automobile side pillar collision test according to claim 5, characterized in that, A limiting plate (35) for restricting the swing of the brake blade (21) is fixedly connected to the side of the brake seat (32) away from the pull rod (23). The end of the brake blade (21) passing through the brake seat (32) and the limiting plate (35) is supported by a roller (36). The roller (36) is rotatably connected to the surface of the limiting plate (35). The limiting plate (35) is further fixedly connected with a protective cover (37), and the end of the brake blade (21) is located in the protective cover (37).

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