Experimental device for simulating tunneling state of tunneling machine

Abstract

The invention discloses an experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a tunneling machine, and particularly relates to the technical field of tunneling machine experiments, the experimental device comprises a tunneling machine body and a detection arm, a cutting head is rotatably arranged on the tunneling machine body, and the experimental device also comprises a detection unit which is arranged on the tunneling machine body and is used for detecting the cutting head. According to the invention, through the design of the counterweight arm and the counterweight block, the downward pressure borne by the cutting head in the tunneling process can be simulated, and through the design of the walking piece and the sensing wheel, the counterweight block completes moving and walking, so that the data feedback of the cutting head in the downward pressure state at each position is simulated, the experiment steps are optimized, the dynamic simulation experiment can be continuously completed, and the experiment efficiency is improved. The balance weight arm and the locking ring are connected through the control assembly, the problem that the weight of the cutting head is unbalanced in the running state is simulated, dynamic balance data of the cutting head in all motion states can be fully simulated, improvement and upgrading of the cutting head are facilitated, and the service life of the cutting head is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of roadheader experiments, and specifically to an experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a roadheader. Background Technique

[0002] A roadheader is a mechanical device used for underground roadway or tunnel construction. According to the operation object, working method, and technical characteristics, it can be divided into various types. The roadheader includes: Cutting mechanism: Responsible for crushing rocks or soil, it is the core working component of the roadheader; Loading and transporting mechanism: Used for loading and transporting the cut rock and soil materials; Traveling mechanism: Provides the moving ability of the roadheader, enabling it to move forward or backward on the working surface. In order to ensure the stability of the subsequent operation of the roadheader, it is necessary to conduct a simulation experiment on the tunneling state of the roadheader to obtain the operating state of the roadheader. At the same time, as an important part of the roadheader, the cutting head needs to rotate continuously. Therefore, the dynamic balance state of the cutting head seriously affects the operating state of the roadheader. Therefore, in the simulation experiment, it is necessary to conduct a sufficient simulation experiment on the dynamic balance state of the cutting head.

[0003] Referring to a dynamic balance detector for an impeller disclosed in the patent application with the publication number CN117664443A, this dynamic balance detection device drives the rotating shaft and the impeller to rotate through the cooperation of a motor and a magnetic coupling. During the rotation, the dynamic balance test of the rotating shaft and the impeller is detected by an acceleration sensor, so as to obtain accurate dynamic balance experimental data, which is beneficial to the subsequent stable operation of the impeller.

[0004] Currently, for the dynamic balance test of a roadheader, the dynamic balance test operation is mostly completed by the method of rotating the cutting head and cooperating with sensors. For example, the above dynamic balance detection device also uses the method of an acceleration sensor to complete the dynamic balance test. However, such detection methods cannot fully simulate the downward pressure borne by the cutting head during dynamic operation, so it is very easy to cause data deviation, affecting the service life of the cutting head, and cannot fully simulate the problem of unbalanced weight counterweight of the cutting head during the operating state, and cannot accurately know the degree of interference with the dynamic balance of the cutting head, and cannot actively switch the simulation according to different operating states of the cutting head, affecting the overall experimental accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a roadheader to solve the above technical problems.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions.

[0007] The present invention is an experimental device for simulating the excavation state of a tunnel boring machine, comprising a tunnel boring machine body, a cutting head rotatably arranged on the tunnel boring machine body, and further comprising: A detection arm is arranged on the tunnel boring machine body, and a detection unit for detecting the cutting head is installed on the tunnel boring machine body at one side of the detection arm; The locking ring is detachably mounted on the shaft end of the cutting head. The locking ring is formed by splicing a No. 1 half ring and a No. 2 half ring. Locking pieces are arranged at the two splicing places of the No. 1 half ring and the No. 2 half ring. A half-ring outer gear ring is arranged on the surface of the No. 1 half ring and the No. 2 half ring. The sliding seat is slidably engaged with the locking ring, a counterweight arm is integrally added to the bottom of the sliding seat, and a counterweight block is slidably arranged on the counterweight arm; The wheel seat is arranged on one side of the slide seat, a sensing wheel is rotatably arranged in the wheel seat, a walking part for controlling the movement of the counterweight block is installed on the sensing wheel and the counterweight arm, and the movement of the counterweight block is controlled by the walking part to complete the dynamic simulation experiment; The control component is arranged in the slide. Through the control component, the slide and the locking ring are engaged into a whole to complete the follow-up simulation experiment. The control component is composed of a pushing member and a connecting member. The pushing member contacts the shaft end of the cutting head. When the pushing member moves, the connecting member is synchronously controlled to move in the slide and engage with the outer gear ring of the half ring to complete the power connection. The multi-mode locking operation of the slide and the locking ring is completed through the pushing member and the connecting member.

[0008] Furthermore, it also includes: A travel gear ring is arranged on the detection arm, and a travel track is provided on the side wall of the travel gear ring; The sliding piece is correspondingly slidably engaged on the walking track. A shaft No. 1 is rotatably passed through the sliding piece. A walking gear meshing with a walking gear ring is arranged at one end of the shaft No. 1. A sliding sleeve is slidably sleeved at the other end of the shaft No. 1. A conical friction piece is integrally arranged at the front end of the sliding sleeve.

[0009] Furthermore, each locking member comprises: A positioning groove is concavely arranged at the end of the first half ring, and a first connecting piece is installed on the side of the first half ring close to the positioning groove; A positioning protrusion is protrudingly arranged at the end of the second half ring, a sliding area is penetrated through the positioning protrusion, a connecting plate is slidably engaged in the sliding area, a second connecting piece is added to the connecting plate, and the first connecting piece and the second connecting piece are locked by a locking bolt to complete the locking of the first half ring and the second half ring; Two No. 1 springs are symmetrically arranged between the connecting plate and the sliding area to complete the reset control.

[0010] Furthermore, each locking member further comprises: The plug rod is slidably engaged with the bottom of the sliding area, and a second spring is installed between the plug rod and the sliding area; A slot is provided on one side of the inner wall of the positioning groove, and the insertion rod can be inserted into the slot to complete the secondary locking; A No. 1 inclined groove is opened on one side of the top of the insertion rod, and a No. 1 extrusion wheel is installed on one side of the bottom of the connecting plate, and the No. 1 extrusion wheel contacts the inclined surface of the No. 1 inclined groove to complete the position control of the insertion rod.

[0011] Furthermore, the walking member comprises: A walking area is provided on the counterweight arm, a reciprocating screw is rotatably installed in the walking area, a screw nut is slidably engaged in the walking area, and a screw nut transmission sleeve is arranged outside the reciprocating screw to complete the movement control, and the screw nut is connected with the counterweight block; Bevel gear No. 1, transmission is arranged at one end of the reciprocating screw; Bevel gear No. 2, transmission is set at one end of the sensing wheel; The transmission shaft is arranged on one side of the wheel seat through a bracket. The transmission shaft consists of a No. 1 connecting shaft and a No. 2 connecting shaft. A telescopic area is arranged at the bottom of the No. 1 connecting shaft. A corresponding sliding area is extended into the telescopic area at the top of the No. 2 connecting shaft to complete the power connection. No. 3 bevel gears are arranged at the head and tail of the transmission shaft, and the two No. 3 bevel gears are respectively meshed and connected with the No. 1 bevel gear and the No. 2 bevel gear.

[0012] Furthermore, the pushing member comprises: A friction seat, arranged on one side of the wheel seat; A push arm is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the friction seat, and the push arm is arranged to slide through the wheel seat; The electric push rod is arranged on the wheel seat to control the lifting and lowering of the friction seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the connector includes: The connecting tooth plate is slidably arranged in the sliding seat, and a first inclined platform is arranged at the bottom of the connecting tooth plate; Two No. 3 springs are symmetrically arranged between the bottom of the connecting tooth plate and the slide seat; The second inclined platform is slidably arranged on one side of the bottom of the slide seat, and the second inclined platform contacts the inclined surface of the first inclined platform to complete the extrusion movement; The control arm is hingedly arranged between the pusher and the second ramp to control the displacement.

[0014] Furthermore, the connector also includes: Two limit seats are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first inclined platform, and limit slots are provided on the opposite sides of the two limit seats; Two reserved slots are symmetrically opened on both sides of the front end of the No. 2 ramp; The two counterweight limit blocks slide and engage into the two reserved grooves correspondingly. A No. 4 spring is arranged between each counterweight limit block and the reserved groove. Under normal circumstances, the counterweight limit block is hidden in the reserved groove.

[0015] Furthermore, it also includes: The guide piece is arranged on one side of the counterweight arm, and a guide area is provided on the guide piece. A guide ring is slidably engaged in the guide area, and a limit spring is arranged between the guide area and the guide ring. The guide ring is correspondingly rotatably sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve.

[0016] Furthermore, it also includes: An extension arm is arranged at the bottom of the pushing member, and the extension arm is rotatably connected to the walking member; An extension shaft is integrally arranged at one end of the traveling member, and a conical friction sleeve is fixedly arranged at one end of the extension shaft, and the conical friction sleeve is in friction contact with the conical friction member to complete power connection; A pull rope is arranged on one side of the guide ring. The pull rope is connected with the extension arm to complete the power connection, and a wire wheel for guiding the pull rope is arranged on the guide member.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. The present invention can simulate the downward pressure on the cutting head during the excavation process through the design of the counterweight arm and the counterweight block, and complete the acquisition of the dynamic balance data of the cutting head by cooperating with the detection unit. By providing a walking member and a sensing wheel, the sensing wheel is frictionally rotated during the detection of the cutting head rotation, and the power is continuously transmitted to the counterweight block through the walking member, so that the counterweight block can move and walk under the restriction of the counterweight arm, thereby simulating the data feedback under the downward pressure state of each position of the cutting head, optimizing the experimental steps, and being able to continuously complete the dynamic simulation experiment, enriching the experimental data; 2. The present invention is provided with a control component, starts the pusher, and links the connecting member to complete the following action, so that the counterweight arm and the locking ring can actively complete multiple connections, optimize the connection structure, and keep the two relatively stable. The subsequent counterweight arm follows the cutting head to complete the rotation, thereby simulating the problem of weight imbalance of the cutting head in the running state, and can fully simulate the dynamic balance data of the cutting head in various motion states, which is conducive to the improvement and upgrading of the cutting head and prolongs the service life of the cutting head; 3. The present invention is provided with a locking ring, which is detachably connected by a No. 1 half ring and a No. 2 half ring, which is convenient for installation and disassembly. The No. 1 half ring and the No. 2 half ring are locked multiple times by the locking member, thereby ensuring the integrity of the locking ring and avoiding falling off. The positioning protrusion and the positioning groove are inserted into each other to complete the initial locking. When the connecting plate moves, the No. 1 extrusion wheel moves up to release the No. 1 inclined groove. Under the push of the No. 2 spring, the insertion rod moves forward and is inserted into the slot of the positioning groove, thereby completing the secondary locking, further improving the stability of the connection and avoiding the problem of falling off.

[0018] Of course, any product implementing the present invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the advantages described above at the same time. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is the overall front view of the present invention; Figure 2 This is the installation schematic diagram of the locking ring of the present invention on the cutting head; Figure 3 This is the connection schematic diagram of the detection arm and the traveling gear ring of the present invention; Figure 4 This is the connection schematic diagram of the locking ring and the counterweight arm of the present invention; Figure 5 This is the separation schematic diagram of the locking ring of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the schematic diagram of the locking member of the present invention; Figure 7 This is the distribution schematic diagram of the insertion rod and the insertion slot of the present invention; Figure 8 This is the installation schematic diagram of the counterweight block on the counterweight arm of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the schematic diagram of the traveling member of the present invention; Figure 10 This is the distribution schematic diagram of the transmission shaft and the counterweight arm of the present invention; Figure 11 This is the distribution schematic diagram of the transmission shaft and the sensing wheel of the present invention; Figure 12 This is the installation schematic diagram of the control component on the sliding seat of the present invention; Figure 13 This is the schematic diagram of the connecting member of the present invention; Figure 14 This is the installation diagram of the counterweight limit block on the second inclined platform of the present invention; Figure 15 This is the distribution schematic diagram of the extension arm and the traveling gear of the present invention; Figure 16 This is the distribution schematic diagram of the first shaft and the extension shaft of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure: 1, roadheader body; 2, cutting head; 3, detection arm; 4, locking ring; 401, first half ring; 402, second half ring; 403, outer gear ring of half ring; 5, sliding seat; 6, counterweight arm; 7, counterweight block; 8, wheel seat; 9, sensing wheel; 10, traveling gear ring; 11, traveling track; 12, sliding part; 13, positioning groove; 14, first connecting piece; 15, positioning convex block; 16, connecting plate; 17, second connecting piece; 18, first spring; 19, inserting rod; 20, inserting slot; 21, first inclined slot; 22, first pressing wheel; 23, traveling area; 24, reciprocating lead screw; 25, lead screw nut; 26, first bevel gear; 27, second bevel gear; 28, transmission shaft; 281, first connecting shaft; 282, second connecting shaft; 29, third bevel gear; 30, friction seat; 31, pushing arm; 32, electric push rod; 33, connecting tooth plate; 34, first inclined platform; 35, third spring; 36, second inclined platform; 37, control arm; 38, limiting seat; 39, limiting groove; 40, reserved groove; 41, counterweight limiting block; 42, first shaft; 43, traveling gear; 44, sliding sleeve; 45, conical friction part; 46, telescopic area; 47, guiding part; 48, guiding ring; 49, detection unit; 50, extension arm; 51, extension shaft; 52, conical friction sleeve; 53, pull rope. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "periphery", etc. indicating orientations or positional relationships are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0023] Embodiment 1: The present invention provides a technical solution: As Figures 1 to 8 shown, an experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a roadheader includes a roadheader body 1, and a cutting head 2 is rotatably arranged on the roadheader body 1. It is characterized in that it further includes: A detection arm 3 is arranged on the roadheader body 1. A detection unit 49 for detecting the cutting head 2 is installed on one side of the detection arm 3 on the roadheader body 1. A traveling gear ring 10 is installed on the detection arm 3. The traveling gear ring 10 can be designed to be composed of two half-ring gear rings spliced according to the installation environment, and a traveling track 11 is provided on the side wall of the traveling gear ring 10; The locking ring 4 can be detachably sleeved on the shaft end of the cutting head 2. The locking ring 4 is formed by splicing a first half ring 401 and a second half ring 402. Locking members are provided at both splicing joints of the first half ring 401 and the second half ring 402. Outer half-ring gear rings 403 are provided on the surfaces of the first half ring 401 and the second half ring 402. Friction materials are provided on the inner walls of the first half ring 401 and the second half ring 402. The outer half-ring gear rings 403 of the first half ring 401 and the second half ring 402 are spliced into a complete annular outer gear ring; The sliding seat 5 is slidably engaged with the locking ring 4. Half-ring tracks for slidably engaging with the sliding seat 5 are provided on both the first half ring 401 and the second half ring 402. The half-ring tracks of the first half ring 401 and the second half ring 402 are jointly spliced into a complete annular track. A counterweight arm 6 is integrally added to the bottom of the sliding seat 5, and a counterweight block 7 is slidably arranged on the counterweight arm 6; It should be noted that when performing the down-force dynamic balance detection on the cutting head 2: by providing the counterweight arm 6, since the counterweight arm 6 can slide relative to the locking ring 4 through the sliding seat 5, when the cutting head 2 rotates for detection, the locking ring 4 is driven to rotate synchronously. Since the cutting head 2 needs to maintain contact with the tunneling area during tunneling, in actual tunneling, the cutting head 2 will always bear a down-force. Through the design of the counterweight arm 6 and the counterweight block 7 in this application, the counterweight arm 6 and the counterweight block 7 always provide a downward down-force, thereby simulating the down-force borne by the cutting head 2 during tunneling, optimizing the experimental steps, and improving the detection efficiency.

[0024] The wheel seat 8 is arranged on one side of the sliding seat 5. A sensing wheel 9 is rotatably arranged in the wheel seat 8. A friction layer is arranged outside the sensing wheel 9. The sensing wheel 9 completes frictional transmission with the shaft end of the cutting head 2. A walking member for controlling the movement of the counterweight block 7 is jointly installed on the sensing wheel 9 and the counterweight arm 6. The movement of the counterweight block 7 is controlled by the walking member to complete the dynamic simulation experiment; The control assembly is arranged in the sliding seat 5. Through the control assembly, the sliding seat 5 and the locking ring 4 are engaged to form a whole to complete the follow-up simulation experiment. The control assembly is composed of a pushing member and a connecting member. By contacting the shaft end of the cutting head 2 with the pushing member, when the pushing member moves, the connecting member is synchronously controlled to move in the sliding seat 5 and engage with the outer half-ring gear ring 403 to complete the power connection. The multi-mode locking operation of the sliding seat 5 and the locking ring 4 is completed through the pushing member and the connecting member; In the embodiment of the present invention, it further includes: The sliding member 12 is correspondingly slidably engaged on the walking track 11. A first shaft 42 is rotatably penetrated through the sliding member 12. A walking gear 43 meshing with the walking gear ring 10 is arranged at one end of the first shaft 42. A sliding sleeve 44 is slidably sleeved at the other end of the first shaft 42. A conical friction member 45 is integrally arranged at the front end of the sliding sleeve 44; In the embodiment of the present invention, each locking member includes: The positioning groove 13 is recessed at the end of the first half-ring 401. A first connecting piece 14 is installed on one side of the first half-ring 401 close to the positioning groove 13. The positioning protrusion 15 protrudes at the end of the second half-ring 402, and the positioning protrusion 15 can be inserted into the positioning groove 13 to complete the preliminary locking. A sliding area is penetrated and opened on the positioning protrusion 15. A connecting plate 16 is slidably engaged in the sliding area. A second connecting piece 17 is added to the connecting plate 16. The first connecting piece 14 and the second connecting piece 17 complete the locking of the first half-ring 401 and the second half-ring 402 through a locking bolt. Two first springs 18 are symmetrically arranged between the connecting plate 16 and the sliding area to complete the reset control. Each locking member further includes: The insertion rod 19 is slidably engaged at the bottom of the sliding area. A second spring is installed between the insertion rod 19 and the sliding area. The insertion slot 20 is opened on one side of the inner wall of the positioning groove 13. The insertion rod 19 can be inserted into the insertion slot 20 to complete the secondary locking. The first inclined slot 21 is opened on one side of the top of the insertion rod 19. A first pressing wheel 22 is installed on one side of the bottom of the connecting plate 16, and the first pressing wheel 22 is in contact with the inclined surface of the first inclined slot 21 to complete the position control of the insertion rod 19. It should be noted that when connecting the locking ring 4 to the cutting head 2: through the locking member, first splice the first half-ring 401 and the second half-ring 402 at the shaft end of the cutting head 2, and then control the insertion of the positioning protrusion 15 and the positioning groove 13 to complete the preliminary locking. Then pull the second connecting piece 17 closer to the first connecting piece 14, so that the connecting plate 16 moves in the sliding area against the first spring 18. When the connecting plate 16 moves, the first pressing wheel 22 moves upward accordingly to release the first inclined slot 21. Under the push of the second spring, the insertion rod 19 moves forward and correspondingly inserts into the insertion slot 20 of the positioning groove 13, thereby completing the secondary locking, further improving the connection stability and avoiding the problem of falling off. Then fix the first connecting piece 14 and the second connecting piece 17 through a locking bolt, thereby completing the connection between the locking ring 4 and the shaft end of the cutting head 2. When the first connecting piece 14 and the second connecting piece 17 are separated subsequently, the connecting plate 16 is pulled downward by the first spring 18. Through the cooperation and extrusion of the first pressing wheel 22 and the first inclined slot 21, the insertion rod 19 retracts into the sliding area, which is beneficial to the subsequent disassembly of the first half-ring 401 and the second half-ring 402, reducing the installation and disassembly difficulty. At the same time, the traveling gear ring 10 is installed on the tunneling machine body 1 through the detection arm 3.

[0025] Among them, electrical components such as the electric push rod 32 are all connected with switches through wires, and the switches are electrically connected with a controller. The specific structure of the controller is not limited.

[0026] Embodiment 2: Based on the walking member provided in Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a further technical solution for the walking member.

[0027] like Figures 9 to 11 As shown, the walking member includes: The walking area 23 is provided on the counterweight arm 6, and a reciprocating screw 24 is rotatably installed in the walking area 23, and a screw nut 25 is slidably engaged in the walking area 23, and a transmission sleeve of the screw nut 25 is arranged outside the reciprocating screw 24 to complete the movement control, and the screw nut 25 is connected to the counterweight block 7; A first bevel gear 26 is provided at one end of the reciprocating screw rod 24; The second bevel gear 27 is arranged at one end of the sensing wheel 9; The transmission shaft 28 is arranged on one side of the wheel seat 8 through a bracket. The transmission shaft 28 consists of a No. 1 connecting shaft 281 and a No. 2 connecting shaft 282. A telescopic area 46 is arranged at the bottom of the No. 1 connecting shaft 281. The top of the No. 2 connecting shaft 282 slides and extends into the telescopic area 46 to complete the power connection. No. 3 bevel gears 29 are arranged at both ends of the transmission shaft 28, and the two No. 3 bevel gears 29 are respectively meshed and connected with the No. 1 bevel gear 26 and the No. 2 bevel gear 27; It is worth mentioning that: when the counterweight 7 is controlled to perform movement detection: by providing a walking part, since the locking ring 4 and the cutting head 2 can rotate synchronously, during the detection, the rotating cutting head 2 is in friction contact with the sensing wheel 9, and the sensing wheel 9 is controlled to rotate continuously. When the sensing wheel 9 rotates, the second bevel gear 27 is driven to rotate. A transmission shaft 28 is provided, and the power of the sensing wheel 9 is transmitted to the reciprocating screw 24 via the third bevel gear 29, so that the reciprocating screw 24 obtains a continuous rotation amount, and the screw nut 25 and the counterweight 7 thereon are controlled to complete the reciprocating movement, and the position of the counterweight 7 can be dynamically changed, thereby simulating the data feedback under the pressure state at each position of the cutting head 2, enriching the experimental data, and being able to obtain data on different states of the cutting head 2, which is beneficial to the subsequent improvement and upgrading of the cutting head 2.

[0028] Embodiment 3: Based on the control component provided in Embodiment 1, this embodiment provides a further technical solution for the control component.

[0029] like Figure 12 As shown, the pusher includes: The friction seat 30 is arranged on one side of the wheel seat 8; A push arm 31 is fixedly disposed at the bottom of the friction seat 30, and the push arm 31 is correspondingly slidably disposed through the wheel seat 8; The electric push rod 32 is arranged on the wheel seat 8 to control the lifting of the friction seat 30. A micro power supply electrically connected to the electric push rod 32 is arranged on the wheel seat 8, and the electric push rod 32 is wirelessly connected to the external control end, which is beneficial to the subsequent control operation; likeFigure 13 and Figure 14 As shown in Figure 14 , in the embodiment of the present invention, the connecting member includes: A connecting tooth plate 33, slidably disposed in the sliding seat 5, and a first inclined platform 34 is provided at the bottom of the connecting tooth plate 33; Two third springs 35, symmetrically disposed between the bottom of the connecting tooth plate 33 and the sliding seat 5; A second inclined platform 36, slidably disposed on one side of the bottom of the sliding seat 5, and the second inclined platform 36 is in contact with the inclined surface of the first inclined platform 34 to complete the extrusion movement; A control arm 37, hinged between the push arm 31 of the pushing member and the second inclined platform 36 to control the displacement; It should be noted that when detecting the cutting head 2 in an unbalanced weight state: by providing a control component, during the tunneling process of the cutting head 2, some tunneling materials often adhere to one side of the cutting head 2, resulting in an unbalanced weight problem of the cutting head 2. In order to fully simulate the actual tunneling environment of the cutting head 2, a pushing member is provided. First, the electric push rod 32 is controlled to push the friction seat 30 towards the cutting head 2 to complete frictional contact. During the upward movement of the friction seat 30, the linkage push arm 31 follows and moves upward. Through the transmission of the control arm 37, the second inclined platform 36 moves within the sliding seat 5. With the design of the first inclined platform 34 and the second inclined platform 36, when the second inclined platform 36 moves, it continuously squeezes the first inclined platform 34, causing the first inclined platform 34 and the connecting tooth plate 33 to move upward within the sliding seat 5 until the connecting tooth plate 33 engages with the semi-circular outer gear ring 403 to complete power connection. Through the synchronous cooperation of the friction seat 30, the connecting tooth plate 33 and the semi-circular outer gear ring 403, the counterweight arm 6 can be stably locked with the locking ring 4, facilitating the stable progress of subsequent testing work and avoiding safety accidents. At the same time, when the second inclined platform 36 moves to the predetermined position, the counterweight limit block 41 thereon correspondingly moves to the area of the limit seat 38. After that, when the counterweight arm 6 conducts a follow-up experiment, the counterweight limit block 41 senses the centrifugal force, causing the counterweight limit block 41 to slide out of the reserved groove 40 and correspondingly insert into the limit groove 39 to complete internal locking, ensuring the connection tightness between the counterweight arm 6 and the locking ring 4, avoiding safety and stability problems of detachment, and being able to additionally limit the relative position of the second inclined platform 36, optimizing the structural design, reducing the operation risk. At the same time, during the upward movement of the push arm 31, the second connecting shaft 282 is pulled by the extension arm 50 to follow and move upward, causing the overall length of the transmission shaft 28 to change. At the same time, the second bevel gear 27 of the second connecting shaft 282 follows and moves upward to separate from the first bevel gear 26 to complete power interruption. At the same time, during the upward movement of the push arm 31, the guiding ring 48 is pulled by the pull rope 53, causing the guiding ring 48 and the sliding sleeve 44 to move synchronously, causing the conical friction member 45 to follow and move and correspondingly insert into the conical friction sleeve 52 to complete power connection. Subsequently, during the follow-up simulation experiment, the traveling gear 43 meshes with the traveling gear ring 10, and when the counterweight arm 6 rotates, the traveling gear 43 obtains a rotation amount, and through the power transmission of the first shaft 42 and the extension shaft 51, the counterweight block 7 conducts a traveling movement. With such a design, the counterweight block 7 can also complete a traveling movement during the follow-up detection, further enriching the experimental data and facilitating subsequent improvement and upgrading. Subsequently, the push arm 31 is reset downward by the electric push rod 32 to complete the overall reset operation, facilitating the use of subsequent simulation experiments.

[0030] The connecting piece further includes: Two limit seats 38, symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first inclined platform 34, and limit grooves 39 are opened on the opposite sides of the two limit seats 38; Two reserved grooves 40, symmetrically opened on both sides of the front end of the second inclined platform 36; Two counterweight limit blocks 41 are correspondingly slidably engaged in the two reserved slots 40. A No. 4 spring is arranged between each counterweight limit block 41 and the reserved slot 40. Under normal conditions, the counterweight limit block 41 is hidden in the reserved slot 40, and the counterweight limit block 41 can be inserted into the limit slot 39 to complete locking; like Figure 15 and Figure 16 In the embodiment of the present invention shown, it also includes: The guide member 47 is arranged at one side of the counterweight arm 6. A guide area is provided on the guide member 47. A guide ring 48 is slidably engaged in the guide area. A limit spring is arranged between the guide area and the guide ring 48. The guide ring 48 is correspondingly rotatably sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve 44. Also includes: The extension arm 50 is disposed at the bottom of the push arm 31 of the push member, and the extension arm 50 is rotatably connected to the second connecting shaft 282 of the walking member; The extension shaft 51 is integrally arranged at one end of the first bevel gear 26 of the traveling member, and a conical friction sleeve 52 is fixedly arranged at one end of the extension shaft 51, and the conical friction sleeve 52 is in friction contact with the conical friction member 45 to complete the power connection; The pull rope 53 is arranged on one side of the guide ring 48 . The pull rope 53 is connected to the extension arm 50 to complete the power connection. A wire pulley for guiding the pull rope 53 is arranged on the guide member 47 .

[0031] The present invention provides an experimental device for simulating the excavation state of a tunnel boring machine. The specific working principle is as follows: the locking ring 4 is assembled on the shaft end of the cutting head 2, and then the traveling gear ring 10 is assembled at a predetermined position. At this time, the counterweight arm 6 and the counterweight block 7 fall freely, and then the detection unit 49 is set on the tunnel boring machine body 1 to wait for the dynamic balance test, and then the cutting head 2 is started to rotate. Through the design of the counterweight arm 6 and the counterweight block 7, the downward pressure on the cutting head 2 during the excavation process can be simulated, and the dynamic balance data of the cutting head 2 can be acquired by cooperating with the detection unit 49. By providing a walking part and a sensing wheel 9, during the rotation detection of the cutting head 2, the sensing wheel 9 is frictionally rotated and the power is transmitted through the walking part. It is continuously transmitted to the counterweight block 7, so that the counterweight block 7 can move and walk under the restriction of the counterweight arm 6, thereby simulating the data feedback under the pressure state at various positions of the cutting head 2, optimizing the experimental steps, being able to continuously complete the dynamic simulation experiment, enriching the experimental data, and improving the detection accuracy. By providing a control component, starting the pusher, and linking the connecting member to complete the following action, the counterweight arm 6 is connected with the locking ring 4, and the subsequent counterweight arm 6 follows the cutting head 2 to complete the rotation, thereby simulating the problem of weight imbalance of the cutting head 2 in the running state, and being able to fully simulate the dynamic balance data of the cutting head 2 in various motion states, which is beneficial to the improvement and upgrading of the cutting head 2 and increases the service life of the cutting head 2.

[0032] In the description of this specification, the descriptions referring to the terms "one embodiment", "example", "specific example", etc. mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0033] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help explain the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made according to the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand and utilize the present invention well. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. An experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a roadheader, comprising a roadheader body (1), on which a cutting head (2) is rotatably arranged, characterized in that, It also includes: A detection arm (3) is arranged on the tunneling machine body (1), and a detection unit (49) for detecting the cutting head (2) is installed on the tunneling machine body (1) on one side of the detection arm (3); A locking ring (4) is detachably sleeved on the shaft end of the cutting head (2). The locking ring (4) is composed of a first half ring (401) and a second half ring (402). Locking pieces are arranged at both splicing places of the first half ring (401) and the second half ring (402); A sliding seat (5) is slidably clamped on the locking ring (4). A counterweight arm (6) is integrally added to the bottom of the sliding seat (5), and a counterweight block (7) is slidably arranged on the counterweight arm (6); A wheel seat (8) is arranged on one side of the sliding seat (5). A sensing wheel (9) is rotatably arranged in the wheel seat (8). A walking part for controlling the movement of the counterweight block (7) is commonly installed on the sensing wheel (9) and the counterweight arm (6). The movement of the counterweight block (7) is controlled by the walking part to complete a dynamic simulation experiment; A control component is arranged in the sliding seat (5). The sliding seat (5) and the locking ring (4) are engaged by the control component to form a whole to complete a follow-up simulation experiment. The control component is composed of a pushing part and a connecting part.

2. The experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a roadheader according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes: A walking gear ring (10) is arranged on the detection arm (3), and a walking track (11) is arranged on the side wall of the walking gear ring (10); A sliding part (12) is correspondingly slidably clamped on the walking track (11). A first shaft (42) is rotatably penetrated through the sliding part (12). A walking gear (43) meshing with the walking gear ring (10) is arranged at one end of the first shaft (42). A sliding sleeve (44) is slidably sleeved at the other end of the first shaft (42). A conical friction part (45) is integrally arranged at the front end of the sliding sleeve (44).

3. An experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a roadheader according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each locking piece includes: A positioning groove (13) is recessed at the end of the first half ring (401). A first connecting piece (14) is installed on the first half ring (401) close to the positioning groove (13); A positioning convex block (15) protrudes at the end of the second half ring (402). A sliding area is penetrated through the positioning convex block (15). A connecting plate (16) is slidably clamped in the sliding area. A second connecting piece (17) is added to the connecting plate (16). The first half ring (401) and the second half ring (402) are locked by a locking bolt through the first connecting piece (14) and the second connecting piece (17); Two first springs (18) are symmetrically arranged between the connecting plate (16) and the sliding area to complete reset control.

4. An experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a roadheader according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each locking piece also includes: A plug rod (19) is slidably clamped at the bottom of the sliding area. A second spring is installed between the plug rod (19) and the sliding area; A plug slot (20) is opened on one side of the inner wall of the positioning groove (13). The plug rod (19) can be inserted into the plug slot (20) to complete secondary locking; A first inclined groove (21) is opened on one side of the top of the plug rod (19). A first pressing wheel (22) is installed on one side of the bottom of the connecting plate (16), and the first pressing wheel (22) is in contact with the inclined surface of the first inclined groove (21) to complete the position control of the plug rod (19).

5. An experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a roadheader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The walking part includes: A walking area (23) is provided on the counterweight arm (6) through which a reciprocating screw (24) is rotatably installed. A screw nut (25) is slidably engaged in the walking area (23). A transmission sleeve of the screw nut (25) is provided outside the reciprocating screw (24) to complete movement control. The screw nut (25) is connected to the counterweight block (7). A first bevel gear (26), which is arranged to transmit the reciprocating screw (24) at one end; A second bevel gear (27), which is arranged to transmit power to one end of the sensing wheel (9); A transmission shaft (28) is arranged on one side of the wheel seat (8) through a bracket. The transmission shaft (28) consists of a first connecting shaft (281) and a second connecting shaft (282). A telescopic area (46) is arranged at the bottom of the first connecting shaft (281). The top of the second connecting shaft (282) slides and extends into the telescopic area (46) to complete power connection. Third bevel gears (29) are arranged at both the head and tail of the transmission shaft (28), and the two third bevel gears (29) are respectively meshed and connected with the first bevel gear (26) and the second bevel gear (27).

6. The experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a roadheader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pusher includes: A friction seat (30) is arranged on one side of the wheel seat (8); A push arm (31) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the friction seat (30), and the push arm (31) is arranged to slide through the wheel seat (8); The electric push rod (32) is arranged on the wheel seat (8) to control the lifting and lowering of the friction seat (30).

7. An experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a roadheader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector includes: A connecting tooth plate (33) is slidably disposed in the slide seat (5), and a first inclined platform (34) is disposed at the bottom of the connecting tooth plate (33); Two No. 3 springs (35) are symmetrically arranged between the bottom of the connecting tooth plate (33) and the slide seat (5); The second inclined platform (36) is slidably arranged on one side of the bottom of the slide seat (5), and the second inclined platform (36) contacts the inclined surface of the first inclined platform (34) to complete the extrusion movement; The control arm (37) is hingedly arranged between the pusher and the second inclined platform (36) to control displacement.

8. An experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a roadheader, characterized in that: The connector also includes: Two limit seats (38) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the first inclined platform (34), and limit slots (39) are provided on opposite sides of the two limit seats (38); Two reserved grooves (40) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the front end of the second ramp (36); The two counterweight limit blocks (41) are correspondingly slidably engaged in the two reserved slots (40), and a No. 4 spring is arranged between each counterweight limit block (41) and the reserved slot (40). Under normal conditions, the counterweight limit block (41) is hidden in the reserved slot (40).

9. An experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a roadheader according to claim 2, characterized in that: Also includes: A guide member (47) is arranged on one side of the counterweight arm (6). A guide area is provided on the guide member (47). A guide ring (48) is slidably engaged in the guide area. A limit spring is provided between the guide area and the guide ring (48). The guide ring (48) is correspondingly rotatably sleeved on the outside of the sliding sleeve (44).

10. An experimental device for simulating the tunneling state of a roadheader, characterized in that: Also includes: An extension arm (50) is arranged at the bottom of the pushing member, and the extension arm (50) is rotatably connected to the walking member; An extension shaft (51) is integrally provided at one end of the walking member. A conical friction sleeve (52) is fixedly provided at one end of the extension shaft (51). The conical friction sleeve (52) is in frictional contact with a conical friction member (45) to complete power connection. A pull rope (53) is provided on one side of the guiding ring (48). The pull rope (53) is connected to the extension arm (50) to complete power connection, and a wire guiding wheel for guiding the pull rope (53) is provided on the guiding member (47).

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