Geological soil sampling equipment for engineering investigation

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geological sampling, in particular to geological soil sampling equipment for engineering reconnaissance, which comprises a core shaft and an isolation cylinder which are distributed in an inner and outer sleeving manner, a conveying body is arranged between the core shaft and the isolation cylinder, and the core shaft and the isolation cylinder are connected through the conveying body. The conveying body is used for drilling into a soil layer, at least part of the isolation cylinder is used for shielding soil, and a plurality of storage units for sampling are arranged on the isolation cylinder; through the design of the isolation cylinder, soil of different depths can be effectively isolated, surface soil and deep soil are prevented from being mixed, the accurate sampling depth is ensured, the isolation cylinder makes contact with the inner wall of an underground drill hole, excavated soil and inner wall soil are prevented from being mixed, the purity of the inner wall soil is kept, and the sampling precision is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of geological sampling, and particularly to a geological soil sampling device for engineering investigation. Background Art

[0002] Engineering investigation is a fundamental link in engineering construction, which involves the collection and analysis of data such as geology, soil, and hydrology. Accurate investigation data directly affects the design, construction, and safety of the project. Especially in large-scale projects such as buildings, roads, and bridges, the physical and chemical properties of geological soil are crucial for engineering stability.

[0003] Soil sampling is one of the core steps in engineering investigation. By collecting and analyzing soil samples, key parameters such as foundation bearing capacity, settlement characteristics, and permeability can be evaluated. The traditional sampling method is to drill holes on the ground with a drill rig, export the underground soil, and sample and detect it. However, when the soil is exported, the surface soil and deep soil are mixed together, resulting in the inability to determine the depth of the detected soil in the ground and the inability to accurately evaluate the geology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a geological soil sampling device for engineering investigation, and the specific technical solution adopted is as follows: According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a geological soil sampling device for engineering investigation, including a mandrel and an isolation cylinder which are arranged in an inner and outer sleeved manner. A conveying body is arranged between the mandrel and the isolation cylinder, and the mandrel and the isolation cylinder are connected by the conveying body. The conveying body is used for drilling into the soil layer, at least part of the isolation cylinder is used for shielding the soil, and a plurality of receiving units for sampling are arranged on the isolation cylinder.

[0005] In some embodiments of the present invention, the plurality of receiving units are arranged along the axis direction of the mandrel.

[0006] In some embodiments of the present invention, the conveying body includes a first spiral part and a second spiral part. The first spiral part is located inside the isolation cylinder, the second spiral part is located outside the isolation cylinder, and in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the mandrel, the projection of the isolation cylinder is located inside the projection of the second spiral part.

[0007] In some embodiments of the present invention, the receiving unit includes a receiving pipe connected between the mandrel and the isolation cylinder and a sliding column located inside the receiving pipe. A notch for collecting soil is formed on the sliding column.

[0008] In some embodiments of the present invention, the shapes of the receiving pipe and the sliding column match each other and are both wedge-shaped.

[0009] In some embodiments of the present invention, the end face of the sliding column away from the mandrel is provided as a soil-breaking end for breaking soil.

[0010] In some embodiments of the present invention, a protrusion for cooperating with the notch is arranged in the receiving tube.

[0011] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mandrel is hollow, the receiving tube is communicated with the mandrel, and the sliding column is controlled to move by the air pressure change in the mandrel.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: Through the design of the isolation cylinder, it can effectively isolate soils at different depths, avoid the mixing of surface soil and deep soil, ensure the accuracy of sampling depth, and the isolation cylinder contacts the inner wall of the underground drill hole to prevent the excavated soil from being confused with the inner wall soil, maintain the purity of the inner wall soil, and improve the sampling accuracy. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments recorded in the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the mandrel and the isolation cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic sectional view of the isolation cylinder in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 is an exploded structural diagram of the receiving unit in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the baffle in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Reference numerals: 1. Mandrel; 2. Conveyor; 3. Isolation cylinder; 4. Receiving unit; 5. First spiral part; 6. Second spiral part; 7. Receiving tube; 8. Sliding column; 9. Notch; 10. Soil-breaking end; 11. Protrusion; 12. Piston; 13. Air pipe; 14. First power group; 15. Second power group; 16. Baffle; 17. Inner disc; 18. Outer ring; 19. Battery pack. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0016] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0017] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0018] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", and "connection" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations. This embodiment is written in a progressive manner.

[0019] As Figures 1 to 5 shown, a geological soil sampling device for engineering investigation according to the present invention includes a mandrel 1 and an isolation cylinder 3 which are arranged in an inner and outer sleeved manner. A conveyor 2 for drilling into the soil layer is arranged between the mandrel 1 and the isolation cylinder 3, and the mandrel 1 and the isolation cylinder 3 are connected by the conveyor 2. At least part of the isolation cylinder 3 is used to block the soil, and a plurality of receiving units 4 for sampling are arranged on the isolation cylinder 3; In the present invention, the conveyor 2 is located outside the mandrel 1, and the isolation cylinder 3 is located outside the conveyor 2, and they are connected and fixed in sequence. During actual processing, connection work can be completed by selecting methods such as welding and bolt fastening according to needs; of course, the structure of a drill bit and a drill rod can also be used to replace the mandrel 1 and the conveyor 2, as long as it can achieve the function of drilling soil; the isolation cylinder 3 is mainly used to be inserted into the drilled hole after the hole is formed, so that the isolation cylinder 3 contacts the inner wall of the drilled hole to prevent the excavated soil from being mixed with the soil on the inner wall of the drilled hole and maintain the purity of the soil on the inner wall of the drilled hole; in some embodiments, the isolation cylinder 3 can also be separated from the conveyor 2 to independently control the position movement of the isolation cylinder 3; The storage unit 4 is installed at the outer wall position of the isolation cylinder 3, and the storage unit 4 cannot affect the normal contact between the isolation cylinder 3 and the inner wall of the borehole and the drilling operation of the mandrel 1; during sampling, the bottom of the mandrel 1 and the bottom of the conveyor 2 drill into the ground, and the soil generated by the drilling is discharged upward through the conveyor 2. This part of the soil is discharged to the top of the isolation cylinder 3 and scattered outward through the space between the mandrel 1 and the isolation cylinder 3. When the equipment drills to the specified depth underground, at least part of the isolation cylinder 3 is located underground, and this part of the isolation cylinder 3 is used to block the soil. At this time, the equipment stops drilling, and the storage unit 4 collects the soil on the inner wall of the borehole at the covered position of the isolation cylinder 3, thus completing the soil sampling and collection work; by using the above sampling method, it is convenient to isolate and sample the soil at the specified depth, thereby avoiding the mutual interference and mixing of soils at different depths, improving the accuracy of soil sampling, and thus improving the detection accuracy; It should be noted that the moving power of the mandrel 1, the conveyor 2 and the isolation cylinder 3 can be provided by the first power group 14, and the rotational power of the mandrel 1, the conveyor 2 and the isolation cylinder 3 can be provided by the second power group 15. In this field, the first power group 14 can adopt structures such as motors, lead screws, electromagnetic propulsion, and oil cylinders to provide power, and the second power group 15 can adopt motors to provide power in this field. Of course, since the mandrel 1, the conveyor 2 and the isolation cylinder 3 need to achieve a dual movement mode, an inner disk 17 and an outer ring 18 rotatably sleeved outside the inner disk 17 can be used to achieve assembly and kinetic energy transfer. At this time, the mandrel 1 is installed on the inner disk 17, and the first power group 14 provides moving power for the mandrel 1 through the outer ring 18 and the inner disk 17, and the second power group 15 provides rotational power for the mandrel 1 by driving the inner disk 17 to rotate; of course, the energy of the first power group 14 and the second power group 15 can be provided by the battery pack 19; a baffle 16 can be arranged on the mandrel 1 to guide and convey the soil excavated and discharged, and the baffle 16 can block the soil from entering the first power group 14 and the second power group 15. The shape of the baffle 16 can adopt the structure shown in Figure 5 As shown, it can be composed of a ring and two vertical plates, and the gap between the two vertical plates is the soil discharge port. Of course, the baffle 16 can also adopt other structural forms, and other information such as the installation method and quantity of the baffle 16 will not be elaborated here, as long as it can achieve the above purposes; Through the design of the isolation cylinder 3, it is possible to effectively isolate soils at different depths, avoid the mixing of surface and deep soils, ensure the accuracy of the sampling depth, and the isolation cylinder 3 contacts the inner wall of the underground borehole, blocking the excavated soil from being confused with the inner wall soil, maintaining the purity of the inner wall soil, and improving the sampling accuracy.

[0020] Optimized based on the above embodiments, several storage units 4 are arranged along the axial direction of the core shaft 1; this arrangement can ensure that during sampling, soil at different depths can be sampled in isolation, thus facilitating more accurate detection of the geology; in the present invention, several storage units 4 can be arranged in one row or multiple rows, and at the same depth position, there can be multiple storage units 4, so that during detection, a comparative and comprehensive detection method can be realized, improving the accuracy of detection.

[0021] Optimized based on the above embodiments, the conveyor 2 includes a first spiral part 5 and a second spiral part 6. The first spiral part 5 is located inside the isolation cylinder 3, and the second spiral part 6 is located outside the isolation cylinder 3. And on the plane perpendicular to the axis of the core shaft 1, the projection of the isolation cylinder 3 is located inside the projection of the second spiral part 6; Based on the above embodiments, the circumferential cross-sectional area of the isolation cylinder 3 should be smaller than the covering area when the second spiral part 6 is working. This can make the diameter of the drill hole drilled on the ground slightly larger than the outer diameter of the isolation cylinder 3, thus facilitating the normal insertion of the isolation cylinder 3. Of course, the gap between the isolation cylinder 3 and the inner wall of the drill hole should not be too large to prevent soil from falling into the gap and affecting the sampling purity. Therefore, the rotation radius of the first spiral part 5 should also be smaller than the rotation radius of the second spiral part 6; During use, the second spiral part 6 mainly functions as drilling, and it will push the loose soil generated during drilling upward to the position of the first spiral part 5, while the first spiral part 5 will continue to push the soil thereon upward until the soil moves to the top of the isolation cylinder 3 and scatters around; due to the different functions of the first spiral part 5 and the second spiral part 6, during use, their respective pitches can be optimized and adjusted to achieve the optimal effect for their respective purposes.

[0022] Optimized based on the above embodiments, the storage unit 4 includes a storage pipe 7 connected between the core shaft 1 and the isolation cylinder 3 and a sliding column 8 located inside the storage pipe 7. A notch 9 for collecting soil is provided on the sliding column 8; It can be seen that the storage pipe 7 is located between the core shaft 1 and the isolation cylinder 3, and it can also play a supporting role for the isolation cylinder 3; the installation direction of the storage pipe 7 is not specifically limited here. It can be perpendicular or inclined to the axis of the core shaft 1. When inclined, the length of the storage pipe 7 will be longer than when perpendicular, so that the internal space of the storage pipe 7 and the space for storing soil can be larger, thus enabling more sample sampling work. In the common method, it is only necessary to make the storage pipe 7 perpendicular to the axis of the core shaft 1; and the shape of the storage pipe 7 can also be arc-shaped or straight-line-shaped. When it is arc-shaped, when the sliding column 8 slides outward in an arc shape inside the storage pipe 7, the movement direction of the sliding column 8 will be inclined to insert into the soil on the inner wall of the drill hole, which can reduce the insertion difficulty and facilitate sampling. When it is straight-line-shaped, the sliding column 8 only needs to move linearly; Based on the above implementation, the outer end of the storage tube 7 extends to the outer surface of the isolation cylinder 3, and the end of the sliding column 8 away from the core shaft 1 seals the outer end opening of the storage tube 7, so that the outer wall of the isolation cylinder 3 forms a complete surface. When the sliding column 8 extends outwards, the notch 9 on the sliding column 8 will be gradually exposed. At this time, the pattern sample generated when the outer end of the sliding column 8 breaks into the soil will enter the notch 9. After the sample collection is completed, only by resetting the sliding column 8 can the sample be hidden in the storage tube 7; the above structure can not only ensure the normal movement of the isolation cylinder 3, but also realize the closed sampling method, and has a more accurate sampling effect compared with the traditional sampling equipment.

[0023] Optimized based on the above implementation, the shapes of the storage tube 7 and the sliding column 8 cooperate with each other and are both wedge-shaped; In the present invention, the shapes of the storage tube 7 and the sliding column 8 need to be able to cooperate with each other, so that the inner wall of the storage tube 7 can block the notch 9 on the sliding column 8, thereby effectively protecting the soil in the notch 9; since the loose soil generated during drilling needs to be transported through the space inside the isolation cylinder 3, and the storage tube 7 is also located in this space, in order to avoid the storage tube 7 from hindering the movement of the soil, the shapes of the storage tube 7 and the sliding column 8 need to be set. The wedge-shaped setting of the storage tube 7 and the sliding column 8 can meet this requirement; it should be noted that the wedge shape mentioned above can be a conical shape or other shapes that can reduce the hindrance effect, and they are all within the protection scope of this case.

[0024] Optimized based on the above implementation, the end face of the sliding column 8 away from the core shaft 1 is set as a soil-breaking end 10 for breaking the soil; Specifically, during the sampling process, the isolation cylinder 3 only rotates. At this time, as the sliding column 8 gradually moves outwards, the end of the sliding column 8 away from the core shaft 1 will gradually insert into the soil, that is, the soil-breaking end 10 will enter the soil. In order to reduce the difficulty of the sliding column 8 entering the soil, the end of the sliding column 8 can be specially set, that is, set as the soil-breaking end 10; in the present invention, the soil-breaking end 10 can be an outwardly curved arc surface, a conical surface along the circumferential tangent direction of the isolation cylinder 3, a surface with spikes or other structures, as long as it can achieve the purpose of reducing the soil-breaking difficulty. Of course, in order to reduce the processing difficulty, the simplest conical surface method can be used. In this way, since the conical end of the conical surface will first contact the soil, the effect of quickly breaking the soil can be achieved.

[0025] Optimized based on the above implementation, a protrusion 11 for cooperating with the notch 9 is provided in the storage tube 7; the protrusion 11 is installed on the inner wall of the storage tube 7, and at least part of the protrusion 11 is located in the notch 9. In this way, when the sliding column 8 moves, due to the limitation of the protrusion 11, the moving position of the sliding column 8 can be limited, thereby preventing the sliding column 8 from separating from the storage tube 7.

[0026] Optimized in the above implementation, the mandrel 1 is hollow, the receiving tube 7 is connected to the mandrel 1, and the sliding column 8 is controlled to move by the change of air pressure in the mandrel 1; It can be seen from the above embodiments that when the air pressure inside the core shaft 1 increases, the gas will enter the storage tube 7 and act on the sliding column 8. At this time, the thrust of the air pressure on the sliding column 8 can make the breaking end 10 break into the soil to achieve sampling. When the air pressure inside the core shaft 1 decreases, the sliding column 8 can be re-sucked into the storage tube 7 to achieve sample preservation. Compared with the traditional mechanical control of the movement of the sliding column 8, the use of air pressure can simplify the structure, facilitate processing and operation, and reduce costs. Of course, in order to improve the sealing performance, a piston 12 can be added to the end of the sliding column 8 facing the core shaft 1, and an air pump and an air pipe 13 connecting the air pump and the core shaft 1 can be set. The air pump is used to control the internal air pressure of the core shaft 1, the air pipe 13 is used to transport gas, and the battery pack 19 can provide energy for the air pump. In actual use, common structures such as controllers and pulleys can also be added to the equipment to improve the convenience of equipment use.

[0027] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that, for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of the present invention. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A geological soil sampling device for engineering investigation, characterized in that, It includes a mandrel and an isolation cylinder arranged in an inner and outer nested manner. A conveying body is arranged between the mandrel and the isolation cylinder, and the mandrel and the isolation cylinder are connected by the conveying body. The conveying body is used for drilling into the soil layer, at least part of the isolation cylinder is used for shielding the soil, and a plurality of storage units for sampling are arranged on the isolation cylinder.

2. The geological soil sampling device for engineering survey according to claim 1, characterized in that, A plurality of the storage units are arranged along the axis direction of the mandrel.

3. The geological soil sampling device for engineering investigation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The conveying body includes a first spiral part and a second spiral part. The first spiral part is located inside the isolation cylinder, the second spiral part is located outside the isolation cylinder, and in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the mandrel, the projection of the isolation cylinder is located inside the projection of the second spiral part.

4. The geological soil sampling device for engineering investigation according to claim 3, characterized in that, The storage unit includes a storage pipe connected between the mandrel and the isolation cylinder and a sliding column located inside the storage pipe. A notch for collecting soil is formed on the sliding column.

5. A geological soil sampling device for engineering investigation according to claim 4, characterized in that, The shapes of the storage pipe and the sliding column match each other and are both wedge-shaped.

6. The geological soil sampling device for engineering investigation according to claim 5, characterized in that, The end face of the sliding column away from the mandrel is set as a soil-breaking end for breaking soil.

7. A geological soil sampling device for engineering investigation according to claim 6, characterized in that, A protrusion for cooperating with the notch is arranged inside the storage pipe.

8. A geological soil sampling device for engineering investigation according to claim 7, characterized in that, The mandrel is hollowly arranged, the storage pipe is communicated with the mandrel, and the sliding column is controlled to move by the air pressure change inside the mandrel.

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